EP2801449A1 - Driving device and method for use of a driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for driving a fastener into a substrate, comprising a mechanical energy storage device for storing mechanical energy, an energy transfer device for transmitting energy from an electrical energy source to the mechanical energy store, and an electronic control device supplied with electrical energy from the electrical energy source, which device is suitable for this purpose is, in the case of an interruption of the power supply of the control device by the electrical energy source to initiate an energy extraction process in which in the mechanical energy storage optionally stored energy is converted into electrical energy and the control device is supplied to the supply.

Description

Technical area

The application relates to a device for driving a fastener into a substrate and a method of using such a device.

State of the art

Such devices usually have a piston for transmitting energy to the fastener. The energy required for this must be provided in a very short time, which is why, for example, in the case of so-called Federnaglern first a spring which abruptly emits the clamping energy to the piston during the driving operation and this accelerates to the fastener. The spring is tensioned by means of a clamping device, which in turn is powered by a battery.

In the WO 2011/157775 A2 a drive-in device is described in which such a spring is automatically relaxed as soon as the drive-in device is released by a user. The energy is dissipated by the engine or returned to the battery.

However, if accidentally the battery is removed from the device in such a driving device while the spring is stretched, the automatic relaxation process can not be controlled because of the interrupted power supply.

Presentation of the invention

According to one aspect of the invention, a device for driving a fastening element into a substrate has a mechanical energy store for storing mechanical energy, an energy transmission device for transmitting energy from an electrical energy source to the mechanical energy store, and an electronic device supplied with electrical energy by the electrical energy source Control device on. The control device is suitable for initiating an energy extraction process in the event of an interruption in the power supply of the control device by the electrical energy source, in which energy stored in the mechanical energy store is converted into electrical energy and supplied to the control device for supplying it. As a result, the control device is able to control the energy extraction process despite the interrupted power supply by the electrical energy source.

Preferably, the device comprises a generator with which the energy stored in the mechanical energy store can be converted into electrical energy and supplied to the control device.

According to one aspect of the invention, the device is characterized in that the energy transmission device comprises an electric motor with which the energy stored in the mechanical energy store can be converted into electrical energy and supplied to the control device. An additional generator is not required.

According to one aspect of the invention, the device is characterized by an electronic circuit for regulating, preferably increasing, the electrical voltage of the energy taken from the mechanical energy store and converted into electrical energy. The electronic circuit preferably comprises a step-up converter for increasing the electrical voltage of the energy taken from the mechanical energy store and converted into electrical energy. According to one embodiment, the boost converter comprises an inductance, a switching element, preferably a field emission transistor, and a storage capacitor. Particularly preferably, the transmission device, preferably the electric motor, an inductance of the boost converter on.

According to one aspect of the invention, the device is characterized by a movable between an initial position and a setting position energy transfer element for the transmission of energy from the mechanical energy store on the fastener. The mechanical energy store preferably comprises a spring, particularly preferably a helical spring. Particularly preferably, the spring comprises two spaced-apart and in particular mutually supported spring elements.

According to one aspect of the invention, in a method of using a device for driving a fastening element into a substrate, comprising a mechanical energy store for storing mechanical energy, an energy transmission device for transmitting energy from an electrical energy source to the mechanical energy storage, and one of electrical energy source supplied with electrical power electronic control device, in the event of interruption of the power supply to the control device by the electrical energy source initiated an energy extraction process, in which stored in the mechanical energy storage energy is converted into electrical energy and the control device is supplied to the supply.

According to one aspect of the invention, the method is characterized in that the control device controls the energy extraction process when the power supply is interrupted by the electrical energy source.

According to one aspect of the application, a device for driving a fastening element into a substrate has an energy transmission element for transmitting energy from the mechanical energy store to the fastening element. Preferably, the energy transmission element is movable in the direction of a setting axis between a starting position and a setting position, wherein the energy transmission element is in the setting position before a driving operation in the starting position and after the driving operation. As setting direction, the direction from the starting position to the setting position will be referred to below.

According to one aspect of the application, the energy transmission device is suitable for conveying the energy transmission element from the setting position to the starting position. Preferably, the electrical energy source is a battery or a rechargeable battery. The device preferably has the energy source.

According to one aspect of the application, the energy transmission device is suitable for conveying the energy transmission element from the setting position in the direction of the starting position, without transmitting energy to the mechanical energy store. This makes it possible for the mechanical energy store to absorb and / or release energy without moving the energy transfer element into the setting position. The energy store can thus be discharged without a fastener is driven out of the device.

According to one aspect of the application, the energy transfer device is suitable for transferring energy to the mechanical energy store without moving the energy transfer element.

The control device preferably supplies the motor with electrical current via a first electrical line in commutated phases.

According to one aspect of the application, the energy transmission device comprises a motor with a motor output, which is uninterruptible power-coupled to the mechanical energy store. Movement of the engine output causes charging or discharging of the energy storage and vice versa. The power flow between the engine output and the mechanical energy store can preferably not be interrupted, for example by means of a clutch.

According to one aspect of the application, the device comprises a safety mechanism by means of which the electrical energy source can be coupled or coupled to the device in such a way that the mechanical energy store is automatically released when the electrical energy source is separated from the device. Preferably, the stored energy in the mechanical energy storage is degraded controlled.

According to one aspect of the application, the device comprises a holding device which holds stored energy in the mechanical energy store and which automatically releases a discharge of the mechanical energy store when the electrical energy source is disconnected from the device.

According to one aspect of the application, the safety mechanism includes an electromechanical actuator that automatically unlocks a barrier device that holds stored energy in the mechanical energy storage when the electrical energy source is disconnected from the device.

According to one aspect of the application, the device comprises a coupling and / or braking device in order to reduce the energy stored in the mechanical energy store in a controlled manner when the mechanical energy store is being discharged.

According to one aspect of the application, the safety mechanism comprises at least one safety switch which shorts phases of the electric drive motor in order to reduce energy stored in the mechanical energy store in a controlled manner when the mechanical energy store is being discharged. Preferably, the safety switch is designed as a self-conductive electronic switch, in particular as a J-Fet.

According to one aspect of the application, the motor comprises three phases and is controlled by a 3-phase motor bridge circuit with free-wheeling diodes, which rectify a voltage generated during the discharge of the mechanical energy store.

embodiments

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Eintreibvorrichtung,

Fig. 2

ein Aufbauschema einer Eintreibvorrichtung,

Fig. 3

ein Schaltschema eines Hochsetzstellers, und

Fig. 4

ein Schaltschema einer Anordnung mit einem Motor und einem Hochsetzsteller.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a device for driving a fastener into a substrate will be explained in more detail by way of examples with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a side view of a drive-in device,

Fig. 2

a construction diagram of a drive-in device,

Fig. 3

a circuit diagram of a boost converter, and

Fig. 4

a circuit diagram of an arrangement with a motor and a boost converter.

Fig. 1 shows a driving-in device 10 for driving a fastener, such as a nail or bolt, into a ground in a side view. The driving-in device 10 has an energy transmission element (not shown) for transmitting energy to the fastening element and a housing 20, in which the energy transmission element and a likewise not shown drive device for conveying the energy transmission element are accommodated.

The driving-in device 10 furthermore has a handle 30, a magazine 40 and a bridge 50 connecting the handle 30 to the magazine 40. The magazine is not removable. Attached to the bridge 50 are a scaffold hook 60 for suspending the driving-in device 10 on a scaffold or the like, and an electrical energy store designed as a battery 590. On the handle 30, a trigger 34 and designed as a hand switch 35 Grifffühler are arranged. Furthermore, the driving-in device 10 has a guide channel 700 for guiding the fastening element and a pressing device 750 for detecting a distance of the driving-in device 10 from a substrate, not shown. Aligning the driving device perpendicular to a substrate is supported by an alignment aid 45.

Fig. 2 1 shows a schematic view of a driving-in device 10. The driving-in device 10 comprises a housing 20, in which a piston 100, a coupling device 150 held closed by a holding element designed as a pawl 800, a spring 200 with a front spring element 210 and a rear spring element 220 Role train 260 with a trained as a band 270 force deflector, a front roller holder 281 and a rear roller holder 282, a spindle drive 300 with a spindle 310 and a spindle nut 320, a gear 400, a motor 480 and a control device 500 are added. In an embodiment not shown, the force deflector is designed as a rope.

The driving-in device 10 furthermore has a guide channel 700 for the fastening element and a pressing device 750. In addition, the housing 20 has a handle 30 on which a manual switch 35 is arranged.

The control device 500 communicates with the manual switch 35 as well as with a plurality of sensors 990, 992, 994, 996, 998 in order to detect the operating state of the driving-in device 10. The 990, 992, 994, 996, 998 each have a Hall probe, which the Detected movement of a magnet armature, not shown, which is arranged on the respectively to be detected element, in particular fixed.

With the guide channel sensor 990, a movement of the pressing device 750 is detected forward, thereby indicating that the guide channel 700 has been removed from the driving-in device 10. With the Anpresssensor 992 a movement of the pressing device 750 is detected to the rear, thereby indicating that the driving device 10 is pressed against a substrate. With the roller holder sensor, a movement of the front roller holder 281 is detected, indicating whether the spring 200 is tensioned. With the pawl sensor 996, a movement of the pawl 800 is detected, thereby indicating whether the clutch device 150 is held in its closed state. Finally, it is detected with the spindle sensor 998 whether the spindle nut 320 or a return rod fastened to the spindle nut 320 is in its rearmost position.

A bolt guide sensor also preferably provides the information as to whether a bolt guide is attached to or removed from the equipment nose. A trigger sensor preferably provides the information as to whether the trigger has been pulled. A piston sensor preferably provides the information as to whether the energy transfer element is in its initial position or in the set position. A band sensor preferably provides the information as to whether the force transmitting member is in a cocked or in a relaxed position. As sensors such as Hall sensors, inductive sensors or switches, capacitive sensors or switches or mechanical switches are used. Preferably, the drive-in device has a flexible printed circuit board, to which some or all sensors are attached and via which the sensors are connected to the control device. This facilitates the mounting of the sensors in the manufacture of the driving device.

The control device preferably comprises a processor, particularly preferably a microprocessor, for processing the sensor signals and / or other data, in particular information about currents, voltages and the temperature of the electronics. A sensor board preferably processes the sensor signals, in particular of the spindle sensor, of the roll holder sensor, of the pawl sensor, of the pin guide sensor or of the contact pressure sensor. A motor control device preferably processes the signal for the motor commutation. The accumulator control arranged in the accumulator preferably processes Information about the temperature, the type, the state of charge and any malfunctions of the battery.

In addition, the control device preferably processes the temperature of the engine, the electronics, the ambient air and / or the battery, wherein the signal for the battery temperature can also be used for the identification of a battery fault by a battery electronic arranged in the battery. The control device also preferably processes the current drawn from the battery, the current strength of individual commutated phases, the voltage applied to the battery contacts, the voltage applied to the intermediate circuit of a power bridge, the voltage applied to individual components, in particular sensors, and / or the rotational speed of the motor wherein the rotational speed of the motor is detected, for example, based on the switched commutation steps, on the basis of a mutual induction or by means of position sensors and / or switches in the motor. Preferably, the controller communicates with a battery control in the battery. In particular, information such as a power requirement, a number of completed cycles with the battery used, a state of charge, the type, the maximum current or voltage each of the battery are exchanged.

So that an optimized clamping operation is possible during clamping even with different battery states and rechargeable batteries, the power to the motor is preferably regulated as a function of the voltage applied to the battery contacts and / or to the intermediate circuit. The full power is applied to the motor until the voltage has fallen to a defined value, for example 12 V. If this value is reached, the control reduces the power and regulates this voltage value. So that the currents to the motor are not too high in the case of a powerful battery, a current limiting regulation is additionally used, which ensures that a predetermined current is not exceeded. Despite the different performance of the batteries, these control systems can ensure and optimize the operation of the device against low voltage. These parameters can be adapted for different battery types and states by the controller.

The control device of the driving-in device 10 is suitable for initiating an energy extraction process in the event of an interruption of the power supply of the control device by the electrical energy source, that is, for example if a user inadvertently removes the battery from the driving-in device 10. In which Energy extraction process is energy that is optionally stored in the mechanical energy storage, converted by the electric motor into electrical energy. The electric motor then operates as a generator whose electrical energy is supplied to the control device for the supply thereof. As a result, the control device is able to control the energy extraction process despite the interrupted power supply by the electrical energy source.

For this purpose, the electric voltage, for example, with the help of in Fig. 3 schematically illustrated boost converter circuit 1 to a usable value for the control value, in particular increases. The boost converter 1 comprises an inductance L, a switching element S, which comprises a field emission transistor, and a storage capacitor C. The storage capacitor C can hereby be used to generate an output voltage which is higher than an input voltage V. A current I flows in the direction of the arrow.

In Fig. 4 an arrangement 2 with a motor and a boost converter circuit is shown schematically. In the arrangement 2, a motor winding L is used as an inductor, a switching bridge S _H , S _L as a switching element and a buffer capacitor C as a storage capacitor of the boost converter, so that no additional electronic components for representation of the boost converter are required. If the motor is operated as a generator, the desired behavior of the boost converter circuit 2 can be generated by suitable control of the field emission transistors S _H , S _L from the switching bridge. Likewise, by suitable control of the field emission transistors S _H , S _L from the switching bridge, a generator operation of the motor without increasing the voltage can be achieved, if desired. By selecting the desired mode, it is possible to regulate the voltage at the buffer capacitor C to any desired values.

The controller detects the loss of the battery when removing. By a suitable control of the motor, the supply voltage of the control device is maintained with the aid of the invention on the one hand and optionally regulated to a constant value, whereby safe operation of the control device is ensured, as long as energy is present in the mechanical energy storage. On the other hand, it is possible to control the speed of the energy extraction process such that the supply voltage of the control device does not collapse.

Claims (10)

Device for driving a fastener into a substrate, comprising a mechanical energy storage device for storing mechanical energy, an energy transfer device for transmitting energy from an electrical energy source to the mechanical energy store, and an electronic control device supplied with electrical energy from the electrical energy source, which device is suitable for this purpose is, in the case of an interruption of the power supply of the control device by the electrical energy source to initiate an energy extraction process in which in the mechanical energy storage optionally stored energy is converted into electrical energy and the control device is supplied to the supply. Apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a generator with which the energy stored in the mechanical energy storage energy can be converted into electrical energy and fed to the control device. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy transmission device comprises an electric motor, with which the energy stored in the mechanical energy storage energy can be converted into electrical energy and the control device can be fed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an electronic circuit for regulating, in particular increasing, the electrical voltage of the energy taken from the mechanical energy store and converted into electrical energy. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the electronic circuit comprises a step-up converter for increasing the electrical voltage taken from the mechanical energy storage and converted into electrical energy. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the transmission device, in particular the electric motor, has an inductance of the boost converter. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a movable between a starting position and a setting energy transfer element for transmitting energy from the mechanical energy storage on the fastener. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical energy storage comprises a spring, in particular a coil spring. Method for using a device for driving a fastener into a substrate, comprising a mechanical energy storage device for storing mechanical energy, an energy transmission device for transmitting energy from an electrical energy source to the mechanical energy storage device, and an electronic control device supplied with electrical energy from the electrical energy source In the case of an interruption of the energy supply of the control device by the electric energy source, an energy extraction process is initiated, in which energy stored in the mechanical energy storage device is converted into electrical energy and supplied to the control device for its supply. A method according to claim 9, wherein the control means controls the power take-off operation when the power supply is interrupted by the electric power source.

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