EP2721912A1

EP2721912A1 - Cooling device and method for the production thereof as well as use of the device

Info

Publication number: EP2721912A1
Application number: EP12738428.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert Goraj; Norbert Huber
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 2011-07-22
Filing date: 2012-07-12
Publication date: 2014-04-23
Also published as: DE102011079634A1; WO2013013995A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooling device (1) and to the production and use thereof, the device comprising a stack (2) of at least two plates (3, 4) each of which has recesses (5). The at least two plates (3, 4) are stacked on top of one another in such a manner that cooling channels passing through the recesses (5) are formed for a cooling fluid. The at least two plates (3, 4) comprising recesses (5) are rolled expanded metal meshes (3, 4).

Description

description

Device for cooling and method for its production and use of the device

The present invention relates to a device for cooling, their production and their use, which comprises a stack of at least two plates each with Ausneh ^¬ rules. The at least two plates are stacked in such a way over ^¬ each other such that a continuous cooling channels are formed for a cooling fluid through the recesses.

Electrical power components must be cooled usually to the heat is dissipated to the system for addiction ^¬ hen. As a result, a permissible maximum temperature inside the power components can be maintained. Maintaining the maximum permissible temperature at all times is important for reliable operation and long life.

Typically, in coolers, the cooling fluid is passed through fixtures and tried a large surface area for cooling to testify he ^¬. In the air cooling of electrical power components, which can be done by forced or free convection, cooling devices with very fine structures are needed, which have a large overflow surface. All the more so because the heat transfer to air or other gases compared to liquids is low. The necessary fine structures are usually expensive to manufacture and thus very expensive.

In addition to the largest possible inner surface of the device for cooling a good heat conduction of the device perpendicular to the contact surface between the electric power ^¬ component and device for cooling is necessary to achieve a good dissipation of heat over eg cooling fins. Devices are known from the prior art for cooling with air, which have plates with ribs and fins. These so-called pin-fins are specially equipped with air cooling with a large number of very thin fins, which are usually perpendicular to the contact surface between the electrical power component and pin -Fin are arranged. The plates with ribs and fins increase the heat exchange surface between the device for cooling and, for example, the ambient air compared to a compact cooling plate made of metal, for example.

The plates with ribs and fins are also usually made of solid metal such as aluminum. This leads to a high weight of the cooling apparatus, a high material consumption and price as well as increased, but not maximum heat exchanging surface between the pre ^¬ device for cooling and for example the surrounding air. The herstel ^¬ development of the ribs and fins rangy running is very complex and expensive.

Object of the present invention is to provide a device for cooling, their preparation and their use, which has a good heat transfer between the cooling fluid, eg air or water, and device to be cooled, eg electrical power component, with low Her ^¬ positioning effort and costs as well as reduced material ^expenditure and weight compared to known pin-fins.

The stated object is achieved with respect to the device for cooling with the features of claim 1, with regard to the method for producing the device with the features of claim 13 and with respect to the use of the device with the features of claim 15. Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention for cooling and the method for producing the device will become apparent from the respectively associated dependent subclaims. The characteristics of the adjacent Neten claims with each other and with features of a respective associated subclaim or preferably combined with Merk ^¬ paint several assigned subclaims. The cooling device according to the invention comprises a

Stack of at least two plates each with recesses. The at least two plates one above the other gesta ^¬ pelt that are formed by the recesses continuous cooling channels for a cooling fluid. The at least two plates with recesses are rolled expanded grids. By this is meant that these rolled expanded grids comprise and / or are identical to rolled expanded meshes.

Rolled expanded metal mesh are easy and inexpensive to produce. In contrast to plates with punched-out recesses fall with expanded metal no waste parts. In Streckgit ^¬ tern be quickly and easily perforated by shearing large areas in plates, the recesses are formed as perfo ^¬ ration in the plates. In contrast to plates with ribs and fins comprises a stack of rolled Streckgit ^¬ tern on a larger surface area over which heat from a ^¬ exchange with a cooling fluid, for example air, can take place. The weight and material consumed is smaller with increased Oberflä ^¬ che. The cost and the cost of production are also lower.

The device may comprise at least one base plate. About the base plate, the stack of at least two plates each with recesses mechanically and thermally to the device to be cooled, such as the electrical power component or component, be attached. Over a surface of the base plate, the contact surface between ^¬ the device to be cooled and the device is formed for cooling in this case.

The at least two plates may be metallically connected with each other and / or with the base plate. Alternatively, connections via, for example, thermal conductive adhesive are possible. The advantage of a metallic connection is the high mechanical and thermal stability and the good heat transfer via such a connection. The metallic compound may be a solder joint, a braze joint and / or a welded joint.

The at least two plates can be arranged with their plane perpendicular to the plate plane of the base plate. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in air cooling, with a direction of air flow parallel to the Kontaktflä ^¬ surface between the device to be cooled and of the cooling apparatus. The at least two plates may alternatively be arranged with their plate plane parallel to the plate plane of the base plate. This is advantageous when cooling with water. By the arrangements, large turbulences of the cooling fluid are respectively achieved at the plates and thus a good heat ^¬ transition from the plates to the cooling fluid.

The recesses of the at least two plates can form identical patterns. In particular, same can be regular

Pattern may be formed with constant spacing between adjacent recesses along a direction in the plate plane. These patterns can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner with expanded metal meshes which, by subsequent over-rolling, maintain the flatness of the original metal sheet.

The at least two plates may be attached one above the other ^¬ arranged that the patterns of adjacent plates are shifted from each other by half the distance between adjacent recesses along one direction in the plane of the plate. Characterized cooling channels along the plate plane over the recesses are formed, which are continuous through the plate package and along the plate plane by fluidically ^¬ can flow, and provide a large transfer surface area between the plates and the cooling fluid safely.

The stack can comprise at least three plates with recesses on ^¬, wherein the at least three plates above the other in such a way are arranged such that the patterns of adjacent plates are mutually displaced by a distance which is irregular or not repeated. This arrangement of plates one above the other is particularly easy to produce, since no alignment of the recesses of adjacent plates against each other is necessary. However, a disadvantage over the variant described above is that the diameter of the cooling channels may not be precisely defined or equal over the device along the plane of the plate. This can lead to non-uniform flow conditions, and thus also temperature distributions, due to differential heat exchange, and can lead to increased wear in the case of cooling with cooling fluids with particles if the particles have increased rates of constriction and lead to material removal.

The plates may be stacked such that the patterns of adjacent plates are rotated relative to one another by an angle beta, in particular by an angle N times beta, where N is the numbered number of the Nth plate in the stack. For example, the angle beta can have a value equal to or in the range of 90 °. The rotation of plates or their patterns against each other can have the same advantages as previously described for a displacement of the patterns of the plates against each other. With N, the natural number is given, which indicates which number of disk drives in ^¬ stack of, for example the first plate in contact with a base plate from ^¬ calculated, representing the N-th sheet. The shape of the recesses of the at least two plates may be the same. This makes a simple production possible with an expanded metal tool. The shape of the recesses may, in particular, essentially have the shape of a parallelogram. In essence, this means that at a parity two parallel straight lines cut rallelogramm two more pa ^¬ rallele straight line, and thereby enclose an acute angle Alpha. However, in terms of production or intentional, the angle may not be sharp, but rounded in shape a circle radius section or a straight piece ^¬ include, with a length H. The angle alpha between

Thighs of the parallelogram can be in the range of 91 ° to 170 °. The distance P of the centers of adjacent recesses may be in the range of 5 to 70 mm, wherein center point of the intersection of the diagonal is designated in a Pa ^¬ parallelogram. The distance B of adjacent boundaries of two adjacent recesses may be in the range of 0.4 times P, in particular with a value of the distance B in the range of 1 to 10 mm. At a distance B is the smallest width of webs in a plane between recesses referred to, which remain when rolling from the plate material. The distance H of two legs of the parallelogram can be in the range of less than 0.1 times P, in particular in the range of 5 to 20 mm.

The shape of the recesses of the at least two plates may also have a circular shape. In this case, the distance P of the centers of adjacent recesses may be in the range of 5 to 70 mm. A center is given by a circular recess through the center of the circle. The distance B of adjacent boundaries of two adjacent recesses may be in the range of 0.4 times P, in particular with a value of the distance B in the range of 1 to 10 mm.

The method according to the invention for producing a device described above comprises that the recesses in the expanded gratings are respectively produced by local shearing. In this case, the webs can be flat-rolled between the recesses in the plate plane. When shearing, the webs can be set up perpendicular to the plate plane. This can limit the arrangement of the plates as stacks with small points of contact, hindering the transport of heat across the plates. In order to reduce or eliminate such problems, a processing step of flat rolling can be useful.

An inventive use of the device described above or according to the method described above The device according to the invention may comprise, for cooling purposes, a fluid flowing air or water through the cooling channels. In Ver ^¬ application of air as the cooling fluid flowing through the at least two boards, it is advantageous to arrange the plates with their plate plane perpendicular to the plane of the base plate ^¬. The air can then flow conveniently parallel to the plate plane. When using water as the cooling fluid, which flows through the at least two plates, it is ^advantageous to arrange the plates with their plate plane parallel to the plate plane of the base plate. The water can then also conveniently flow parallel to the plate plane and sweep a lot of plate area. As a result, a high heat exchange between the cooling fluid and plates and thus the device to be cooled is ensured.

For the inventive method for producing the device and for its use, the above-mentioned, associated with the inventive device advantages.

Preferred embodiments of the invention with advantageous developments according to the features of the dependent claims are explained in more detail with reference to the following figures, but without being limited thereto.

Show it:

1 is a plan view of a plate 3 with parallelogram-shaped recesses 5 of a device 1 according to the invention for cooling, and

2 shows a schematic sectional view through an exemplary embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for cooling, with the plates of the plate stack 2 arranged perpendicular to the base plate 6, and FIG

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view through another

Embodiment of a device according to the invention 1 for cooling, arranged with the plates of the plate stack 2 parallel to the base plate 6, and

4 is an oblique view of two plates 3, 4 of an inventive device 1 for cooling according to the embodiment of FIG. 2, and

5 is a plan view of the arrangement of the two plates 3, 4 corresponding to FIG. 4th

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a plate 3 with ^{wesentli ¬} chen parallelogram-shaped recesses 5 of a device 1 according to the invention for cooling. The plate 3 is a rolled expanded grid with webs 9 and recesses 5 produced by shearing, wherein the webs 9 are flat-rolled and lie in one plane of the plate. The plate plane is in Fig. 1, the plane of the drawing. Furthermore, the terms stretch ^¬ grid and plate 3, 4 equivalent needed. The expanded metal 3 can be made, for example, from a metal sheet such as an aluminum sheet, a steel sheet, a galvanized sheet or a CuNiFe sheet.

The sheet metal typically has a thickness not Darge ^¬ presented in Fig. 1 in the region of a few mm. The recesses 5 are the same in shape and give a regular pattern, which results from each other by the parallelogram shape and the distance P of the centers of the recesses 5. A center point of a parallelogram results from the intersection of the diagonal of the parallelogram, which connect the vertices together. The distance P of the centers of adjacent recesses is in the range of 5 to 70 mm, for example 5 mm. The webs 9 have a width B in the range of 0.4 times P, in particular 1 to 10 mm. At a value P equal to 5 mm results in a value B of 2 mm.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the recesses 5 are only substantially parallelogram. At two opposite lying intersection points 10, 10 'of a recess 5 is formed no tip, but a straight portion of the length H is inserted, which is parallel to a diagonal of the parallelogram. The straight portion includes with the adjacent angle of the parallelogram Schen- an angle Alfa, which lies in the range from 91 ° Be ^¬ to 170 °. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the angle alpha is 170 °. The straight portion has ei ^¬ NEN value H to 0.1 times P, in particular in the range 5 to 20 mm. At a value P of 5 mm, H is equal to 0.5 mm. The two other opposite points of intersection 11, 11 'are pointed, without a straight area.

In Fig. 1 the sake of clarity, no second Plat ^¬ run 4 of the panel stack 2 located. However, the second plate 4 may be arranged under the first plate 3, rotated with a pattern by the angle beta, beta is insbeson ^¬ particular 90 °. This means that the parallelogram, which is given by the recess 5 of the underlying plate 4, is rotated by 90 ° relative to the recess 5 of the first plate 3.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view through an exemplary embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for cooling, with a plurality of the previously described plates 3 arranged in a plate stack 2. The plates 3, 4 are arranged perpendicular to a base plate 6. The expanded metal or plates 3, 4 are with their plate plane, which corresponds to the drawing plane in FIG. 1, perpendicular to the base plate 6 and the drawing plane of FIG.

The plate plane of the base plate 6, which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 2, provides on the Kontaktflä ^¬ che between the panel stack 2 and the base plate 6 entge- gene set page 12, constitutes the contact surface to the device to be cooled. In parallel to this surface the cooling fluid, eg air, flows through the plate stack 2 of expanded meshes. The expanded metal of the plate stack 2 are mechanical and thermally connected to the opposite side to the side 12 of the base plate 6. This connection can be made by soldering, brazing, or welding metallic, whereby a good heat transfer through the connection is given.

The cooling fluid flow 8 flows through the stack 2 of expanded meshes, wherein, depending on the arrangement of the expanded mesh or plates 3, 4 one above the other, the flow is swirled. Depending on the arrangement, a surface of the expanded metal mesh 3, 4 is covered with cooling fluid and there is a heat exchange from the device to be cooled, via the base plate 6, the expanded metal mesh of the stack 2 to the cooling fluid instead. This results in a removal of heat, i. a cooling of the device to be cooled.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a cooling device 1 according to the invention, corresponding to Fig. 2, with only one plate stack 2 with a direction of stacking perpendicular to the plane of the base plate 6. This arrangement is preferably combined with a liquid cooling fluid, e.g. Water operated, but can also be with a gaseous cooling fluid such. Air operated.

In Fig. 3, the plates 3, 4 of the disk stack 2 with ih ^¬ rer plate plane as Darge ^¬ up as drawing plane in FIG. 1, is disposed parallel to the base plate 6. In a cooling fluid flow 8 parallel to the plane of the plate both the expanded metal 3, 4, and the base plate 6, there is a good heat transfer from the device to be cooled, via the base plate 12, the expanded mesh of the stack 2 to the cooling fluid. In contrast to the example shown in Fig. 2 from ^¬ operation example, be in the embodiment of FIG. 3, stacked expanded metal 3, 4 does not flows against or through flows vertically but horizontally. Depending on the type of fluid and - speed and required cooling capacity is a pre ^¬ direction to choose for 2 or 3.. In Fig. 4 is an oblique view of two plates of he ^¬ inventive device 1 for cooling according to the embodiment of Fig. 2 in detail. The fluid flow 8 is perpendicular to the plate plane 3, 4. The

Plates 3, 4 are fixed to the plate plane of the base plate 6 at this mechanically and thermally conductive. In Fig. 4, the base plate 6 is in a longitudinal section Darge ^¬ represents. The expanded metal meshes 3, 4 with their patterns of the recesses 5 are arranged one above the other displaced relative to one another.

In Fig. 5 for better clarity shown with their dimensions for an up ^¬ view to this arrangement. The expanded metal 3 is displaced so against the pattern of the recesses 5 of the expanded metal 4 disposed such that the Ver ^¬ shift a length 1/2 P corresponds to, ie P equal to 5 mm has a value of 2.5 mm, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base plate 6. The arranged above it, not shown in Fig. 5 expanded metal grid of the stack 2, can be moved with sei ^¬ nem pattern by the same value in the same or in the opposite direction. The result is the same overall pattern at a glance. A stacking of the further expanded mesh in the stack 2 is analogous.

Depending on requirements, other types of stacking are also conceivable, as described above, with rotation and / or irregular displacement of expanded mesh patterns relative to one another. Depending on the desired flow conditions, which result in the cooling properties of the device, an arrangement of the FIGS

To make expanded metal 3, 4 in the stack 2. Arrangements are also conceivable in which the expanded metal meshes 3, 4 are arranged on the base plate at an angle not equal to zero or 90 ° between expanded metal plane and base plate plane. The examples described above are not intended to limit the device 1 according to the invention for cooling, but to explain, and are also applicable in combination with each other and with the prior art. Thus, the recesses 5 instead of circular shape or the shape of parallelograms have any other shapes.

Claims

claims

A device (1) for cooling, comprising a stack (2) of at least two plates (3, 4) each with recesses (5), wherein the at least two plates (3, 4) are stacked on top of each other by the Recesses (5) are formed through continuous cooling channels for a cooling fluid, characterized in that the at least two plates (3, 4) with recesses (5) rolled expanded grids (3, 4).

2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one base plate (6) is included.

3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least two plates (3, 4) with each other

and / or metallically connected to the base plate (6).

4. Device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the metallic compound is a solder joint, a brazed joint and / or a welded joint.

5. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the at least two plates (3, 4) are arranged with their plane perpendicular to the plate plane of the base plate (6).

6. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the at least two plates (3, 4) are arranged with their plane parallel to the plate plane of the base plate (6).

7. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (5) of the adjacent Wenig ^¬ least two plates (3, 4) forming the same pattern, and in particular the same regular pattern with constant pitch P ^¬ rule Zvi Recesses (5) along a direction in the plate plane.

8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least two plates (3, 4) are arranged one above the other such that the patterns of adjacent plates (3, 4) are shifted from each other by half the distance P between adjacent ones Recesses (5) along a direction in the plate plane.

9. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the stack (2) has at least three plates (3, 4) with recesses (5), wherein the at least three plates (3, 4) are arranged one above the other in that the patterns of adjacent plates (3, 4) are each shifted by a distance which is irregular or not repeated.

10. Device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the plates (3, 4) are arranged one above the other such that the patterns of adjacent plates (3, 4) are rotated against each other by an angle beta, in particular in particular by an angle N times beta, where N is the number of N numbered plates in the stack (2), in particular wherein the angle beta has a value in the range of 90 °.

11. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, character- ized in that the shape of the recesses (5) of the at least two plates (3, 4) is the same, in particular substantially with a shape of a parallelogram, in particular with an angle alpha between the legs of the parallelogram ^¬ program in the range of 91 ° to 170 °, and / or with a pitch P of the centers of adjacent recesses (5) in the range of 5 to 70 mm, and / or at a distance B of adjacent boundaries of two adjacent recesses (5) in the range of 0.4 times P, in particular with a value of the distance B in the range of 1 to 10 mm, and / or with a distance H of two legs of the parallelogram in the range of less than 0.1 times P, in particular in the range 5 to 20 mm.

12. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the shape of the recesses (5) of the at least two plates (3, 4) is the same, with a circular shape, in particular with a distance P of the Mit - Vertices of adjacent recesses (5) in the range of 5 to 70 mm, and / or with a distance B of adjacent boundaries of two adjacent recesses (5) in the range of 0.4 times P, in particular with a value of the distance B in the range of 1 to 10 mm.

13. A method for producing a device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (5) in the expanded gratings (3, 4) are respectively generated by local shearing.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that webs (9) between the recesses (5) are flat-rolled in the plane of the plate.

15. Use of the device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12 or a device according to the method of any one of claims 13 or 14 produced device (1), characterized in that for cooling a fluid air or water flows through the cooling channels, in particular that air flows arranged with its plate plane perpendicular to the plane of the base plate (6) by at least two plates (3, 4) or that water through the at least two plates (3, 4) with ih ^¬ rer plate plane parallel to the plane of the base plate (6) arranged flows.