EP2799620A1 - Scaffold for creating structural systems - Google Patents

Abstract

A scaffolding for the construction of structures, with a support structure (1) and a biasing device (2) for the support structure (1), wherein the biasing means (2) at two predetermined positions of the support structure (1) arranged end bearing (3) for a tendon (4) for defining a clamping region between the end bearings (3) and at least one deflecting element (5) for the clamping member (4), in view of a secure bias of the support structure (1) even with relatively wide clamping ranges and distances between the repositories (3) configured and further developed such that the clamping member (4) has at least two each between a final bearing (3) and a deflecting element (5) arranged tendon elements (6).

Description

The present invention relates to a scaffolding for the construction of structures, with a support structure and a biasing device for the support structure, wherein the biasing means arranged at two predetermined positions of the support structure end bearing for a tendon to define a clamping area between the repositories and at least one deflection element for the tendon having.

A scaffold of the type mentioned is from the WO 2004/109018 A1 known. The known framework is used in the construction of structures in the form of, for example, bridges and viaducts. The known scaffold comprises a support structure and a pretensioning device for the support structure, wherein the pretensioning device has two end bearings for a tendon arranged at predeterminable positions of the support structure. Between the repositories a clamping range is defined. The biasing device further comprises a deflection element for the tendon, which consists in concrete from between the reposable tensioning tension strands. This flexible tendon in the form of tension strands can be stretched to compensate for or avoid stress-induced deformation of the support structure. Such stress-induced deformations are extremely undesirable in practice, since such deformations often impair the precision of a structural system to be created with the aid of the framework. In extreme cases, it may result that components of a structural system to be created by such deformations, for example, too high or too low realized or positioned and then no longer fit together with other components of the structure.

In the known framework clamping of the tension strands by means of tensioners, which are either assigned to the repositories or press a deflecting element against the tension strands in such a way that thereby the bias in the tension strands is changed. Finally, the tension strands stretched between the repositories form a continuous cable extending between the repositories.

The known framework is problematic in various respects in practice. Firstly, depending on the length of the clamping region between the repositories, it is very complicated to position the continuous cables formed by the tensioning strands between the repositories, since the cable has a considerable weight with a large distance between the repositories. For safe arrangement of the cable Consequently, a considerable effort must be made between widely spaced repositories. On the other hand, it is problematic in the known scaffolding that in the case of a defect of the cable in one place usually the entire cable must be replaced, which in addition to the cost of a new complete cable in turn brings the large positioning effort between possibly widely spaced repositories , Consequently, the known scaffolding is not only costly and repair-unfriendly, but, strictly speaking, unsuitable for applications with larger clamping ranges and spacing between the repositories.

The present invention is therefore the object of a scaffold of the type mentioned in such a way and further, that a secure bias of a support structure is achieved even with relatively wide clamping ranges and distances between the repositories with structurally simple means.

According to the invention the above object is achieved by a scaffold with the features of claim 1. Thereafter, the framework is configured and further developed such that the tensioning member has at least two clamping element elements each arranged between a final bearing and a deflecting element.

In accordance with the invention, it has first been recognized that the above object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by skillful design of the tendon. In a further inventive manner, for this purpose, the tendon on at least two tendon elements, which are each arranged between a repository and a deflection. With this subdivision of the tendon into individual tendon elements, a variety of advantages can be achieved. On the one hand, the arrangement of the pretensioning device on the support structure is considerably simplified, since there is no need to arrange a tensioning element extending continuously between the end bearings, but only individual - much shorter - tendon elements can be individually positioned. In particular, with wide clamping ranges, the assembly or arrangement of the biasing device is thereby considerably simplified. Particularly wide or long clamping areas can only be realized by the division of the tendon according to the invention. On the other hand, it is usually when a defect occurs on the tendon only necessary to replace a single tendon element in order to restore the overall functionality of the biasing device. In this case, a complete replacement of a tendon can be dispensed with, as a result of which a repair effort is significantly reduced in comparison to a conventional framework.

Consequently, with the scaffold according to the invention, a scaffold is specified in which a secure bias of a support structure is achieved even with relatively wide clamping ranges and distances between the repositories with structurally simple means.

With regard to a particularly secure pretensioning of the carrier structure, the end bearing may have at least one receptacle for a tendon element pivotable about a horizontal axis relative to a base part of the repository or relative to the support structure. Due to the pivoting of the receptacle, a simple adjustment of the orientation of the receptacle to the angular position is made possible, which occupies the tendon element relative to the support structure in the mounted state. This angular position is ultimately dependent on the position and the distance of the deflecting element relative to the support structure. With a larger distance of the deflecting element from the support structure results in a larger angle between the tendon element and the support structure and thus a further pivoting of the recording than at a smaller distance between the support structure to deflecting. The pivoting and thus adaptability of the recording to the angular position of the tendon element allows a safe introduction of the clamping force in the tendon element in the longitudinal direction of the tendon element. As a result, damage to the tendon element or the recording at the coupling point between tendon element and recording are avoided.

With regard to a particularly simple biasing of the tendon or the tendon element, the end bearing may have a tensioner for a tendon element. Alternatively, and in a particularly simple manner, the repository could only serve for receiving or supporting the tendon element.

For safe arrangement of a tendon element, the deflection element may have at least one pivotable about a horizontal axis relative to a base of the deflecting element or relative to the support structure receptacle for a tendon element. In just as advantageous manner as in the advantageous embodiment of the repository also the deflecting element can have such a pivotable receptacle. Again, by the pivoting different angular positions of the tendon member relative to the support structure taken into account.

Both the receptacle at the end bearing and the receptacle on the deflecting element can be realized as freely rotatable receptacles, so that the pivotal position of the receptacles during the biasing of the tendon quasi automatically - according to the angular position of the tendon element relative to the support structure - adjusts.

Both the horizontal axis of the receptacle of the repository and the horizontal axis of the receptacle of the deflecting element can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the support structure and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tendon element. This ensures a particularly stable, safe and effective arrangement of the biasing device on the support structure.

In a further advantageous manner, the deflecting element can have a coupling element that is displaceable relative to a base part of the deflecting element and is pivotable about a horizontal axis on the base part of the deflecting element. As a result of the preferably free displaceability of the coupling element in a predeterminable displacement range, the coupling element can position and align relative to the deflecting element or to the base part of the deflecting element as a function of the prestressing of coupled tendon elements. The exercise of forces from undesirable directions of the prestressed tendon element on the deflecting element is thereby largely avoided. For coupling one or more tendon elements to the coupling element, at least one and preferably two or more receptacles for a tendon element can be mounted pivotably on the coupling element. As a result, the quasi-automatic alignment of the pivot position of the recordings and the shift position ensures the coupling element relative to the deflection in a particularly secure manner.

In a structurally particularly simple and secure configuration, the coupling element can be displaceable in a dovetail-like guide relative to the base part of the deflecting element. Such a guide ensures a very reliable and low-wear guidance of the coupling element relative to the deflecting element. This guide can be arranged to realize the pivotability of the coupling element pivotally mounted on the base of the deflecting element.

With regard to a particularly safe and flexible introduction of a biasing force in the tendon, the deflection element may comprise a tensioner for a tendon element. With such a configuration, the exertion of the bias voltage in a selective and flexible manner is possible alternatively or additionally to the exercise of a bias from a repository of a deflection from. In this way, when a punctual or regional load of the carrier structure occurs, a voltage input can be realized at least in the immediate vicinity of the pointwise or regionally occurring load on the carrier structure. Furthermore, it is possible by the arrangement of one or more tensioner in the range of one or more deflection elements to provide a lower performance required and thus more cost-effective tensioner to realize a required minimum bias of the tendon as a smaller number more powerful and expensive tensioner. The introduction of the biasing force can thus be done in a flexible manner at many points along the tendon.

In a particularly secure manner, a tensioner of the type described above can be realized by a press or a heavy duty cylinder. In the concrete choice of a tensioner is to be based on the particular application.

With regard to a particularly compact embodiment of the pretensioning device, the tensioner and the at least one receptacle for a tendon element can be designed as a combined component which can pivot about a horizontal axis relative to a base part of the deflecting element. In this case, the tensioner according to the angular position of the tendon element relative to Carrier structure be suitably aligned together with the recording. As a result, a particularly secure introduction of force is ensured in the tendon element.

Furthermore, with regard to a particularly secure bias, the deflecting element can be coupled to the carrier structure via a connecting element. Preferably, a spacer element can be arranged between the deflecting element and the connecting element in order to ensure a suitable spacing of the deflecting element from the carrier structure. The spacer element can be adjustable in length in order to realize different distances between deflecting element and carrier structure. In a particularly stable manner, the spacer element may comprise at least one preferably statically suitable, pressure-force-absorbing element, such as e.g. a concrete support or a steel beam, or one or more steel girders (eg HEB girders) or a combination of steel girder and threaded spindle. By turning the threaded spindle (s) or changing the length of the steel support (s), the distance between the deflecting element and the support structure can be changed or set according to current requirements of the construction situation.

In a further advantageous manner, a train protection can be realized between the connecting element and the deflecting element. The train protection may have on opposite sides of the spacer element arranged clamping elements or tension cables. With such a train securing a stable positioning of the arrangement of deflecting element, spacer element and connecting element is ensured during a Vorspannsituation.

Depending on the application, the tendon elements may be designed differently. In particular, embodiments of the tendon elements as tension strands or tie rods offer this. Due to their rigidity, tension rods offer advantages in guiding the ends of the tension rods to the receptacles. Furthermore, tie rods are more robust against environmental influences and mechanical damage than tension strands and can not only transfer tensile forces but also shear forces. Due to their flexibility, tensioning strands, in turn, offer advantages in terms of storage and transport, since the tensioning strands can be transported in a rolled-up state.

With regard to a particularly secure pretension, the pretensioning device may have, in addition to the eccentric pretensioning described above, a biasing force that extends through the support structure. In the context of an advantageous embodiment, a combination of an eccentric and a centric bias can thus be realized. Such a centric bias can - be stored in the repositories - as the eccentric bias. As a result, the number of bearing components of the biasing device can be kept as low as possible.

Fig. 1

in einer schematischen Seitenansicht, teilweise, ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Gerüsts für die Erstellung baulicher Anlagen,

Fig. 2

in einer schematischen Draufsicht, teilweise, das Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

in einer schematischen Vorderansicht sowie Seitenansicht ein Endlager des Ausführungsbeispiels aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

in einer schematischen Seitenansicht in zwei unterschiedlichen Betriebspositionen ein Umlenkelement des Ausführungsbeispiels aus Fig. 1 und

Fig. 5

in einer schematischen Draufsicht sowie Seitenansicht einen zweiten Typ eines Umlenkelements mit einem Spanner.

There are now various possibilities for designing and developing the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, on the one hand to refer to the subordinate claims and on the other hand to the following explanation of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing. In conjunction with the explanation of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing, generally preferred embodiments and developments of the teaching are explained. In the drawing show

Fig. 1

in a schematic side view, partially, an embodiment of a scaffold according to the invention for the construction of structural systems,

Fig. 2

in a schematic plan view, partially, the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

in a schematic front view and side view of a repository of the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4

in a schematic side view in two different operating positions a deflecting element of the embodiment Fig. 1 and

Fig. 5

in a schematic plan view and side view of a second type of deflecting element with a tensioner.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view, partially, an embodiment of a scaffolding for the construction of structural systems. The framework has a carrier structure 1 and a pretensioning device 2 for the carrier structure 1. The pretensioning device 2 has two end bearings 3 arranged at predefinable positions of the support structure 1 for a tensioning element 4 for defining a clamping region between the end bearings 3 and a plurality of deflection elements 5 for the tensioning element 4. In Fig. 1 For reasons of clarity, only a right-hand part of the exemplary embodiment is shown. The complete embodiment also has a further deflecting element 5 and a further end bearing 3 corresponding to the illustrated end bearing 3. The biasing device 2 ensures an eccentric bias of the support structure. 1

In view of a particularly secure bias of the support structure 1 even with relatively wide clamping ranges and distances between the repositories 3, the clamping member 4 more between the end bearing 3 and a deflector 5 arranged individual tendon elements 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, two individual tendon elements 6 run essentially parallel to one another between the end stock 3 and the deflecting element 5 shown in the middle of the figure. Furthermore, two further tendon elements 6 run between the two in the Fig. 1 Overall, the embodiment has four more tendon elements 6, which is located between in the Fig. 1 Left deflecting element shown 5 and the other deflecting element 5, not shown, as well as between the further deflecting element 5 and the not shown further repository 3 extend. Consequently, the embodiment shown here has a total of eight tendon elements 6 in each case one of two support elements 1a, wherein the support structure 1, as the Fig. 2 removable, has two mutually parallel support elements 1a.

Fig. 2 shows in a schematic plan view, partially, that embodiment of Fig. 1 , in which Fig. 2 the same part of the embodiment shows how the Fig. 1 , Of the Fig. 2 can be removed that the support structure 1 has two mutually parallel support elements 1a, not shown rails for a trolley 7 have. The trolley 7 allows the positioning of different functional elements for construction activities. Such functional elements For example, a gripper for performing a Bodenaushubs or a concreting head for example. The introduction of a concrete floor below the support structure 1 may be.

Fig. 3 shows in a side view and in a front view in a schematic manner a repository 3. The repository 3 has in concrete two receptacles 8 for each one tendon element 6. These receivers 8 are pivotable about a horizontal axis 9 relative to a base part 10 of the repository 3. Due to the pivoting angle positions of the tendon elements 6 relative to the support structure 1 in the use of the framework bill be taken into account.

FIG. 4 shows a deflecting element 5 of the exemplary embodiment in a schematic side view and in two different operating states Fig. 1 , The deflecting element 5 has a coupling element 13 which is displaceable relative to a base part 11 of the deflecting element 5 and is pivotable about a horizontal axis 12 on the base part 11 of the deflecting element 5. The coupling element 13 is displaceable in a dovetail-like guide, wherein the upper part of Fig. 4 shows a shift to the right and the lower part of Fig. 4 shows a displacement of the coupling element 13 to the left. On the coupling element 13, two receptacles 14 are pivotally mounted for a tendon element 6. This pivotal mounting in turn allows adaptation to different angular positions of the absorbed tendon element 6 relative to the support structure 1. Each of the deflecting elements 5 shown here has a total of two coupling elements 13, each with two receptacles 14. Thus, a total of four tendon elements 6 can be mounted on each deflecting element 5. The pivoting of the receptacles 14 takes place about an axis 15th

5 shows a schematic side view and in a schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment of a deflection element 5. The deflection element 5 has two tensioners 16 for each two tendon elements 6. The tensioners 16 are in this case designed as a heavy duty cylinder, each acting simultaneously on two tendon elements 6. In each case two tendon elements 6 are accommodated in a receptacle 17. Furthermore, in each case a tensioner 16 and a receptacle 17 are formed as a combined component which is about a horizontal axis 18 relative to a base part 19 of the deflecting element fifth is pivotable. By this combined component, in turn, different angular positions of the tendon elements 6 relative to the support structure 1 can be taken into account.

According to Fig. 1 the deflecting element 5 is coupled to the carrier structure 1 via a connecting element 20. Between the deflecting element 5 and the connecting element 20, a spacer element 21 is arranged in order to arrange the deflecting element 5 at the desired distance from the carrier structure 1. The spacer 21 is in concrete at least one statically suitable steel support (eg HEB carrier), with which the distance between the deflecting element 5 and the connecting element 20 can be predetermined.

With regard to a particularly stable embodiment of the biasing device 2, a tension lock 22 in the form of two cables or tension rods is realized between the connecting element 20 and the deflecting element 5, which are each mounted at one end on the connecting element 20 and at the other end on the deflecting element 5.

In the embodiment shown here, the tendon elements 6 are formed as tie rods.

In addition to the eccentric prestressing by means of the tendon elements 6, the pretensioning device 2 has an additional pretension 23 extending through the support structure 1, which acts as a centric pretensioning device 23. The bias voltage 23 is stored as the tendon elements 6 in the repositories 3 and extends without interruption between the two repositories third

In the embodiment of the framework, a high degree of modularity or modular construction is ensured, which allows an adaptation of the framework to a wide variety of structural dimensions, situations and specifications.

With regard to further advantageous embodiments of the scaffold according to the invention reference is made to avoid repetition to the general part of the specification and to the appended claims.

Finally, it should be expressly understood that the embodiment described above is only for the purpose of discussion of the claimed teaching, but does not limit the embodiment.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

support structure

1a

support element

2

biasing means

3

repository

4

tendon

5

deflecting

6

Tendon element

7

trolley

8th

admission

9

axis

10

base

11

base

12

axis

13

coupling element

14

admission

15

axis

16

Stretcher

17

admission

18

axis

19

base

20

connecting element

21

spacer

22

command

23

preload

Claims (12)

Scaffolding for the construction of structural systems, comprising a support structure (1) and a pretensioning device (2) for the support structure (1), wherein the pretensioning device (2) comprises two end bearings (3) for a tendon (3) arranged at predeterminable positions of the support structure (1). 4) for defining a clamping region between the end bearings (3) and at least one deflecting element (5) for the clamping member (4),
characterized in that the clamping member (4) has at least two each between a final bearing (3) and a deflecting element (5) arranged tendon elements (6). Scaffold according to claim 1, characterized in that the end bearing (3) at least one pivotable about a horizontal axis (9) relative to a base part (10) of the repository (3) or relative to the support structure (1) receptacle (8) for a tendon element (6). Scaffold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the end bearing (3) has a tensioner for a tendon element (6). Scaffold according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deflecting element (5) has at least one about a horizontal axis relative to a base of the deflecting element (5) or relative to the support structure (1) pivotable receptacle for a tendon element (6). Scaffold according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the deflecting element (5) is displaceable relative to a base part (11) of the deflecting element (5) and pivotable about a horizontal axis (12) on the base part (11) of the deflecting element (11). 5) mounted coupling element (13), wherein on the coupling element (13) at least one and preferably two or more receptacles (14) for a tendon element (6) are pivotally mounted. Scaffolding according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the deflecting element (5) has a tensioner (16), preferably a press or a heavy duty cylinder, for a tendon element (6). Scaffolding according to claim 6, characterized in that the tensioner (16) and the at least one receptacle (17) for a tendon element (6) as a combined, about a horizontal axis (18) relative to a base part (19) of the deflecting element (5). are formed pivotable component. Scaffold according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the deflecting element (5) via a connecting element (20) with the support structure (1) is coupled, preferably between the deflecting element (5) and the connecting element (20) has a spacer element ( 21) is arranged. Scaffold according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer element (21) have at least one preferably statically suitable, pressure force-absorbing element, such as a concrete column or a steel beam, or one or more steel beams or be a combination of steel beams and threaded spindle. Scaffold according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that between the connecting element (20) and the deflecting element (5) a tension protection (22) is realized. Scaffolding according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tendon elements (6) are designed as tension strands or tie rods. Scaffolding according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the prestressing device (2) has a bias voltage (23) extending through the support structure (1), wherein preferably the prestressing (23) is mounted in the repositories (3).

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