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EP2607968B1 - Uhrhemmungsmechanismus - Google Patents

Uhrhemmungsmechanismus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607968B1
EP2607968B1 EP11194941.8A EP11194941A EP2607968B1 EP 2607968 B1 EP2607968 B1 EP 2607968B1 EP 11194941 A EP11194941 A EP 11194941A EP 2607968 B1 EP2607968 B1 EP 2607968B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
impulse
rest
plane
mechanism according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11194941.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2607968A1 (de
Inventor
Olivier Laesser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA
Original Assignee
Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA filed Critical Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA
Priority to EP11194941.8A priority Critical patent/EP2607968B1/de
Priority to US14/367,383 priority patent/US9164483B2/en
Priority to CN201280064176.2A priority patent/CN104011608B/zh
Priority to JP2014547846A priority patent/JP6212049B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2012/075118 priority patent/WO2013092316A1/fr
Publication of EP2607968A1 publication Critical patent/EP2607968A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2607968B1 publication Critical patent/EP2607968B1/de
Priority to HK15101686.0A priority patent/HK1201339A1/xx
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of watchmaking and more particularly to the technical field of exhaust systems.
  • the invention relates in particular to the free exhaust systems for mechanical watches and more generally to any system for transferring energy from a mobile unit with unidirectional movement towards a reciprocating mobile.
  • Such an exhaust system generally comprises an exhaust wheel subjected to almost constant torque provided by a barrel and multiplied by a gear train.
  • the exhaust system also includes an exhaust anchor for distributing to a plate, the energy supplied by the escape wheel in a given direction, alternately in one direction and then in the other.
  • a plate is integral in rotation with a balance spring.
  • Exhaust systems are known and are therefore not discussed in detail in this document. These systems comprise a set of component parts including, in particular, at least one escape wheel intended, on the one hand, to be rotated under the action of at least one drive member and, on the other hand, to mechanically cooperate with at least one regulating member, to periodically transmit energy to sustain its oscillations.
  • the escape wheel comprises a hub, a serge provided with a toothing and connecting arms rigidly connecting the hub to the serge.
  • the most common escapement mechanism is the Swiss lever escapement, particularly because of its reliability.
  • An anchor escapement is also known to the Melly brothers, whose escapement anchor includes a rod connecting a body, supporting pallets, to a fork.
  • a Melly escapement in the document EP 1 967 919 .
  • the baguette is pivoting about a fixed axis parallel to the axis of an escape wheel. It is well known that such an exhaust does not work properly. Indeed, this escapement does not have a high operational safety, the transitions between rest, pulse and fall being poorly defined. It is also very bulky and its construction gives it a strong moment of inertia.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved exhaust mechanism for increasing the efficiency of an exhaust system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple, reliable and compact escape mechanism.
  • an escapement mechanism for a timepiece comprising an escape wheel, an escapement anchor comprising a body, a fork integral with said body, said body comprising pallets for cooperating with the escape wheel, said body having a shape for delimiting an interior space for the arrangement of the escape wheel, said pallets comprising two pallets of rest on the one hand and two pallets on the other hand impulse pallets, projecting into the interior space, said mechanism comprising a peg of a plate secured to a regulating member, characterized in that the plate and the fork are arranged relative to one another so as to impart to the anchor, when the pin cooperates with the fork, reciprocating movement in translation in a direction allowing a ratment and a removal of the anchor of the organ regulator.
  • the movement in translation takes place in a direction T perpendicular to the fork opening.
  • the plate has an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the escape wheel so that the peg exhibiting reciprocating movement in rotation cooperates with input horns. and outputting said range.
  • the impulse pallets and the pallets of rest have different shapes.
  • the impulse pallets, as well as the pallets rest are symmetrical with respect to a central axis and normal to the plane of extension of the interior space delimited by the body.
  • the rest pallets have a shape allowing either a "shoulder" positioning of the teeth of the escape wheel, or a positioning by fixed stops limiting the stroke of the anchor.
  • each rest pallet has, starting from its free end, a pulse nozzle, a pulse plane, a quill, a rest plane and a return plane.
  • each pulse pallet has, starting from the free end, a pulse nozzle, a pulse plane, a first additional plane and a second additional plane so as to achieve a shape substantially bent in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the escape wheel.
  • each pulse pallet has a clearance extending upstream of its pulse plane, to accommodate without contact the nose and the pulse plane of a tooth of the escape wheel.
  • the body is a substantially annular piece comprising two substantially rectilinear central portions and a substantially circular portion at the ends of said central portions, thus defining a geometric shape of the interior space having a large axis coincide with a translation direction T passing through the center of the escape wheel, each of the pallets being arranged in a transition zone between a central portion and a substantially circular portion.
  • the escapement mechanism makes it possible to implement by means of the movement reciprocating translation of the exhaust anchor, repetitive exhaust cycles each comprising a rest phase, a release phase, a pulse phase on a rest pallet, a complementary pulse phase on a pallet impulse and a fall phase of the escape wheel preceding a new rest phase, said phases corresponding to particular positions of the exhaust anchor on its path in translation.
  • each tooth of the escape wheel has at its free end a spout acting on the pulse plane of a pallet of rest during the pulse phase and a plane of pulse acting on the pulse plane of a pulse pallet during the complementary pulse phase.
  • the beak and the impulse plane of a tooth of the escape wheel are engaged without contact in the release of the impulse pallet preceding the rest pallet against which another tooth is in abutment.
  • the body, the fork connected to said body by means of a rod, the rest pallets and the impulse pallets are made in one piece.
  • different materials are used to make parts or elements, such as for example the ruby to make pallets and steel to make the body.
  • the impulse planes of the impulse pallets are oriented in such a way that the support of the teeth is as close as possible to the direction of translation of the anchor.
  • the present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one exhaust mechanism according to the invention.
  • the exhaust mechanism according to the invention makes it possible to improve the transmission of energy between the escape wheel and the escape anchor.
  • the escapement mechanism according to the invention makes it possible to increase, thanks to a decrease in the number of teeth, the pulse path while maintaining the path of fall. This has the effect of increasing proportionally the energy transmitted.
  • the escape mechanism according to the invention also allows the energy transmission of the escape wheel to the anchor by a force whose direction is close to that of the direction of movement of the anchor, thus minimizing the energy losses by friction.
  • Another advantage of the escapement mechanism according to the invention lies in the fact that it operates as safely as a Swiss lever escapement.
  • Another advantage of an escapement mechanism according to the invention lies in the reciprocating displacement in translation along a determined direction of the escape anchor. This makes it possible to make the escape anchor with perfect symmetry at its pallets, which interact with the escape wheel.
  • the figure 1 represents an exemplary embodiment of an exhaust mechanism according to the invention in a first rest phase.
  • the escape mechanism comprises an escape wheel 1 rotating in a direction R about an axis 1a and an escapement anchor 2.
  • the escape wheel 1 advantageously comprises an odd number of teeth. This number is for example equal to 7 or 11.
  • the exhaust anchor 2 comprises a body 2a provided with two pallets of rest 3, 3 'and two paddles 4, 4'.
  • the exhaust anchor 2 also comprises a rod 2b ending in a fork 5.
  • the escapement mechanism also comprises a plate 6 provided with an anchor 7 at its periphery.
  • the plate 6 is pivoted in reciprocating motion about a pivot axis 8.
  • the body 2a is a substantially annular piece comprising two substantially rectilinear central portions 9 and a substantially circular portion 10 at the ends of said central portions, thus defining a geometric shape of an interior space 11 having, for example, a major axis coincident or parallel with a direction of translation T passing through the center of the escape wheel 1 and the zone of cooperation between the fork 5 and the pin 7.
  • Each of the rest pallets 3, 3 'and each of the impulse pallets are advantageously arranged in a transition zone between a substantially rectilinear central portion 9 and a substantially circular portion 10.
  • the impulse pallets are arranged on the substantially rectilinear central portions 9 and the pallets of rest are arranged on the substantially circular portions 10.
  • the body 2a has a shape for delimiting the interior space 11 in which the escape wheel 1 is arranged.
  • the two pallets of rest 3, 3 'and the two impulse vanes 4, 4' project from each other. interior space 11.
  • the plate 6 and the fork 5 are arranged relative to each other so as to impart to the exhaust anchor 2, when the pin 7 cooperates with the fork 5, reciprocating in translation in the direction T .
  • the fork 5 is arranged for example at the end of the rod 2b extending substantially in a direction parallel to the direction of translation T.
  • the fork 5 comprises input horns 5a and 5b output extending orthogonally to said translation direction T.
  • the pivot axis 8 of the plate 6 is advantageously offset with respect to the direction of translation T of the body 2a passing through the center 1a of the escape wheel 1.
  • the fork 5 is offset in a direction opposite to said direction translation T of the body 2a passing through the center 1a of said escape wheel 1, so that the pin 7 is reciprocating in rotation and cooperates with the input horns 5a and 5b output.
  • the fork 5 can be placed on the anchor 2 at any other location. The positioning of the plate 6 would then be adapted accordingly.
  • the escape wheel 1 comprises for example seven teeth 12, an exemplary embodiment of which is illustrated in an enlarged manner at the figure 2 .
  • Each tooth 12 has an end bent in the direction identical to the direction of rotation R.
  • the bent end has a spout 13 and a pulse plane 14.
  • the pallets of rest 3 and 3 ' each comprise, starting from the free end, a pulse spout 15, a pulse plane 16, a spout 17, a rest plane 18 and a return plane 19.
  • the impulse pallets 4, 4 ' each comprise, starting from the free end, a pulse nozzle 20, a pulse plane 21, a first additional plane 22 and a second additional plane 23 so as to define a clearance 24 and to present a shape substantially bent.
  • the impulse pallets 4,4 ' are bent in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation R of the escape wheel 1.
  • the first additional plane 22 connects the impulse plane 21 to the second additional plane 23.
  • the impulse pallets 4, 4 'and the rest pallets 3, 3' advantageously have different shapes.
  • another tooth 12 is housed in the clearance 24 of a pulse pallet 4, without being in contact at any point with the escape anchor 2.
  • FIG 5 represents the exhaust mechanism according to the invention at the beginning of the disengagement phase and the Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate enlargements A, B and C of the exhaust system at the beginning of the release phase.
  • the beginning of the disengagement phase corresponds to the entry of the peg 7 of the plate 6, into the fork 5 of the escapement anchor 2.
  • the exhaust anchor 2 and the escape wheel 1 are pulled out of the rest position during the disengagement phase.
  • the spout 13 of the tooth 12 works on the rest plane 18 of the rest pallet 3, until it reaches the spout 17 of said pallet rest 3.
  • the sprung balance delivers sufficient energy to counter, via the exhaust anchor 2, the torque of the escape wheel 1, imparting to said escape wheel 1 , a recoil motion.
  • the other tooth 12 follows without touching the second additional plane 23 of the pulse pallet 4.
  • FIG 9 illustrates the exhaust system according to the invention during the disengagement phase and the Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate enlargements A, B and C of the exhaust system during this release phase.
  • the figure 13 illustrates the exhaust system according to the invention during a first impulse phase and the Figures 14, 15 and 16 illustrate enlargements A, B and C of the exhaust system during this first pulse phase.
  • the escape wheel 1 becomes a power unit and supplies the balance-spring, via the escape anchor 2 and the plate 6, the energy necessary for the maintenance of the oscillations. This energy is of course greater than that taken during the disengagement phase.
  • the spout 13 of the tooth 12 acts on the impulse plane 16 of the rest pallet 3.
  • the pressure angle of the tooth 12 on the impulse plane is important. pulse of said tooth 12 on the pallet rest is minimized, but sufficient for another tooth 12 comes to take over the pulse pallet 4.
  • the figure 17 illustrates the exhaust system according to the invention during a second pulse phase and the Figures 18 and 19 illustrate enlargements A and C of the exhaust system during this second pulse phase.
  • the pulse is provided by the pulse plane support 14 of the other tooth 12 on the pulse plane 21 of the pulse pallet 4. It will be possible to refer by example to the figure 19 . This support is performed until the spout 13 of the other tooth 12 leaves the pulse pallet 4 at its pulse nozzle 20.
  • the Figures 17 and 18 illustrate the cooperation between the ankle 7 and the fork 5.
  • the figure 20 illustrates the escape mechanism according to the invention during a rest phase and the Figures 21 and 22 illustrate enlargements A and C of the exhaust system during this second rest phase.
  • the figure 23 illustrates another embodiment of the exhaust system according to the invention in the second pulse phase.
  • the escape wheel 1 comprises eleven teeth 12.
  • the exhaust mechanism according to the invention is advantageously integrated into a timepiece, such as wristwatch or other type.
  • the body 2a has straight sectors 2c promoting the guiding and sliding of the escapement anchor 2 on supports integral with the frame of a timepiece, a box or a plate.
  • the exhaust mechanism therefore comprises sliding guide means of the body 2a, arranged to cooperate with integral support elements of a frame of a timepiece.
  • the timepiece comprises for example support elements integral with the frame arranged to cooperate with sliding guide means of the body 2a during its reciprocating movements in translation.
  • the positioning by shoulder can be replaced by a positioning mode by fixed stops 2d and 2e integral with the plate and against which the anchor exhaust 2 comes to rest in the rest position.
  • the rest plane 18 would be extended in replacement of a return plane.
  • the precise positioning of the anchor 2 is then provided by the abutments 2d, 2e and not by the spout 13 disposed at the intersection of a return plane and a rest plane. For example, see Figures 24 and 25 .
  • the escape mechanism according to the invention comprises an anti-rollover system.
  • the fork 5 comprises a dart, not shown, intended to cooperate with a notch of a small plate, not shown, integral with the plate 6.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Hemmungsmechanismus für eine Uhr, umfassend ein Hemmungsrad (1), einen Hemmungsanker (2), der einen Körper (2a) aufweist, eine mit dem Körper (2a) einstückige Gabel (5), wobei der Körper (2a) Paletten (3, 3', 4, 4') aufweist, die zur Zusammenarbeit mit dem Hemmungsrad (1) bestimmt sind, wobei der Körper (2a) eine Form aufweist, die erlaubt, einen Innenraum (11) für die Ausbildung des Hemmungsrads (1) zu begrenzen, wobei die Paletten (3, 3', 4, 4') einerseits zwei Ruhepaletten (3, 3') und andererseits zwei Impulspaletten (4, 4') umfassen, die in den Innenraum (11) hineinragen, wobei der Mechanismus einen Stift (7) einer mit einem Regulierorgan einstückigen Rolle (6) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rolle (6) und die Gabel (5) zueinander derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie am Anker (2) ansetzen, wenn der Stift (7) mit der Gabel (5) zusammenarbeitet, wobei eine wechselnde verschiebende Bewegung gemäß einer Richtung eine Annäherung und eine Entfernung des Anker (2) vom Regulierorgan erlaubt.
  2. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die verschiebende Bewegung gemäß einer Richtung T lotrecht zur Öffnung der Gabel (5) erfolgt.
  3. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rolle (6) eine Rotationsachse (8) parallel zur Rotationsachse des Hemmungsrads (1) derart aufweist, dass der eine wechselnde Rotationsbewegung aufweisende Stift (7) mit Eingangs- (5a) und Ausgangshörnern (5b) der Gabel (5) zusammenarbeitet.
  4. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Impulspaletten (4, 4') ebenso wie die Ruhepaletten (3, 3') im Verhältnis zu einer zentralen Achse symmetrisch und zur Ausdehnungsebene des von dem Körper (2a) begrenzten Innenraums (11) normal sind.
  5. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ruhepaletten (3, 3') eine Form aufweisen, die entweder eine sogenannte "Ansatz"-Positionierung der Zähne (12) des Hemmungsrads (1) oder eine Positionierung durch starre Anschläge, die den Lauf des Ankers (2) begrenzen, erlaubt.
  6. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Ruhepalette (3, 3') ausgehend von ihrem freien Ende einen Impulsschnabel (15), eine Impulsebene (16), einen Ruheschnabel (17), eine Ruheebene (18) und eine Rückstellebene (19) aufweist.
  7. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Impulspalette (4, 4') ausgehend vom freien Ende einen Impulsschnabel (20), eine Impulsebene (21), eine erste zusätzliche Ebene (22) und eine zweite zusätzliche Ebene (23) derart aufweist, dass eine in einem Sinn entgegengesetzt zu einem Rotationssinn des Hemmungsrads (1) etwa geknickte Form entsteht.
  8. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Impulspalette (4, 4') eine Erweiterung (24) aufweist, die sich zu ihrer Impulsebene (20) vorgelagert erstreckt , um dort kontaktlos den Schnabel (13) und die Impulsebene (14) eines Zahns (12) des Hemmungsrads (1) aufzunehmen.
  9. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Körper (2a) ein etwa ringförmiges Teil ist, das zwei zentrale, etwa geradlinige Partien (9) und zwei etwa kreisförmige Abschnitte (10) an den Enden der zentralen Partien (9) aufweist, die somit eine geometrische Form des Innenraums (11) definieren, der eine große, mit einer Verschiebungsrichtung T zusammenfallende Achse aufweist, die durch das Zentrum (1a) des Hemmungsrads (1) läuft, wobei jede der Paletten (3, 3', 4, 4') in einer Übergangszone zwischen einer der zentralen Partien (9) und einem der etwa kreisförmigen Abschnitte (10) ausgebildet ist.
  10. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er erlaubt, mittels der wechselnden verschiebenden Bewegung des Hemmungsankers (2) wiederholende Hemmungszyklen durchzuführen, die jeweils eine Ruhephase, eine Lösephase, eine Impulsphase auf eine Ruhepalette (3, 3'), eine komplementäre Impulsphase auf eine Impulspalette (4, 4') und eine Fallphase des Hemmungsrads (1), die einer neuen Ruhephase vorausgeht, umfassen, wobei die Phasen besonderen Positionierungen des Hemmungsankers (2) auf seinem Verschiebungsweg entsprechen.
  11. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Zahn (12) des Hemmungsrads (1) an seinem freien Ende einen Schnabel (13), der auf die Impulsebene (16) einer Ruhepalette (3) während der Impulsphase wirkt, und eine Impulsebene (14), die auf die Impulsebene (21) einer Impulspalette (4) während der komplementären Impulsphase wirkt, aufweist.
  12. Hemmungsmechanismus nach den Ansprüchen 8 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schnabel (13) und die Impulsebene (14) eines Zahns (12) des Hemmungsrads (1) während einer Ruhephase ausgebildet sind, um kontaktlos in die Erweiterung (24) der der Ruhepalette (3) vorausgehenden Impulspalette (4) einzugreifen, an der ein anderer Zahn (12) im Anschlag ist.
  13. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Körper (2a), die mit dem Körper (2a) mittels einer Stange (2c) verbundene Gabel (5), die Ruhepaletten (3, 3') und die Impulspaletten (4, 4') aus einem einzigen Stück gefertigt sind.
  14. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Impulsebenen (21) der Impulspaletten (4, 4') derart ausgerichtet sind, dass die Abstützung der Zähne (12) so nah wie möglich zur Verschiebungsrichtung des Ankers (2) erfolgt.
  15. Uhr, die einen Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 aufweist.
EP11194941.8A 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus Active EP2607968B1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11194941.8A EP2607968B1 (de) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus
US14/367,383 US9164483B2 (en) 2011-12-21 2012-12-11 Escapement mechanism
CN201280064176.2A CN104011608B (zh) 2011-12-21 2012-12-11 擒纵机构
JP2014547846A JP6212049B2 (ja) 2011-12-21 2012-12-11 脱進機構
PCT/EP2012/075118 WO2013092316A1 (fr) 2011-12-21 2012-12-11 Mecanisme d'echappement
HK15101686.0A HK1201339A1 (en) 2011-12-21 2015-02-13 Escapement mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11194941.8A EP2607968B1 (de) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2607968A1 EP2607968A1 (de) 2013-06-26
EP2607968B1 true EP2607968B1 (de) 2014-10-08

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EP11194941.8A Active EP2607968B1 (de) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus

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US (1) US9164483B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2607968B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6212049B2 (de)
CN (1) CN104011608B (de)
HK (1) HK1201339A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013092316A1 (de)

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US9164483B2 (en) 2015-10-20
JP6212049B2 (ja) 2017-10-11
WO2013092316A1 (fr) 2013-06-27
JP2015502546A (ja) 2015-01-22
EP2607968A1 (de) 2013-06-26
HK1201339A1 (en) 2015-08-28
CN104011608B (zh) 2016-08-24
CN104011608A (zh) 2014-08-27
US20150220060A1 (en) 2015-08-06

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