EP2607834B1 - Improved rifle with automatic cartridge reloading - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rifle with automatic cartridge refilling.

The cartridges are tubular type cartridges loaded with a load of metal balls and are stored in a magazine tube which acts as a loader mounted on the rifle.

The invention is intended for automatic charging rifles in general, including both reloading systems operated by gas borrowing that reload systems operating with the energy developed by the recoil.

For this type of rifle it is known that, during firing, the energy supplied by a part of the gases or by the recoil of the weapon is used to allow the moving parts in the carcass assembly on the one hand, to extract the empty sleeve pulled and eject it and secondly, to feed a new cartridge from the magazine tube into the barrel chamber. The weapon is thus ready to make a second shot.

The magazine tube is integral with the carcass assembly and extends axially in a manner mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel.

The assembly of the barrel assembly on the carcass assembly is carried out in a known manner by means of an assembly nut which is screwed onto the front end of the store tube.

The magazine tube comprises a magazine bottom at its front end and an exit at the other end of the carcass side, at which there is a cartridge retainer which is mounted in the carcase and which, after a shot, is moved backwards by the movement of the moving parts or by the state of the sub-guard assembly (disengaging system of the conveyors and the stops controlled by the folding of the dog during the firing) in order to release the exit of the magazine tube to release a new cartridge tube store.

The cartridges which are present in the magazine tube are pushed towards the exit at the carcass by means of a push assembly which is mounted in an axially sliding manner in the magazine tube and by means of a spring mounted in the magazine tube between the magazine bottom and the pusher assembly and which is compressed axially so as to exert a force on the pusher assembly towards the carcass.

In some cases, the magazine tube may be equipped with a magazine reducer that limits the cartridge capacity of the magazine. In fact, the authorized cartridge capacity depends on the legislation in force, the type of discipline and the length of the cartridges.

In order to be able to use the rifle as appropriate with or without gearbox, the magazine gearbox can be removable or irremovable.

The problem with conventional rifles of this type is that in some cases shots can lead to undesired permanent deformation of the cartridges in the magazine tube.

Detailed tests have shown that the phenomenon underlying these unwanted deformations lies in the fact that, during the recoil phase of the weapon after firing a cartridge, the cartridges still present in the magazine tube undergo major movements in the magazine tube, leading to the violating abutment of the cartridge pusher assembly with either, the magazine reducer, or with the magazine bottom.

The deformation of the cartridges due to the recoil shock may be such that it becomes impossible to introduce the cartridges into the chamber of the barrel assembly.

In this case, the power is no longer automatic and induces a problem of operation of the weapon.

In the case of the patent US 3,650,060 the risk of the crash of the cartridges is even greater compared to a conventional rifle because this patent provides the incorporation of an additional mass of inertia in the store tube with the aim of reducing the effect of the shock of recoil of the weapon on the shoulder of the shooter after a shot and whose pusher assembly comprises a shock reducer to reduce the impact of the return of the mass of inertia.

The invention aims to avoid the aforementioned problems.

• le tube magasin (4) est pourvu d'un amortisseur de fond de magasin (26) qui est solidaire de l'écrou d'assemblage (11) qui lui, en plus de la fonction d'assemblage, est en contact avec le fond de magasin (18) par l'intermédiaire de l'amortisseur de fond de magasin (26);
• le fond de magasin (18) est adapté pour pouvoir coulisser sur une course (D) tout en restant solidaire du tube de magasin (4), cette course permettant à l'amortisseur de fond de magasin (26) d'amortir l'impact de l'ensemble poussoir de cartouche (19) avec, soit le réducteur de magasin (33), soit avec le fond de magasin (18) ou avec les deux; et,
• l'ensemble poussoir de cartouche (19) étant pourvu d'un amortisseur (29) entre le poussoir de cartouche (19) et le ressort de magasin (20).

This object is achieved according to the invention by a conventional rifle of the aforesaid type in which:

• the magazine tube (4) is provided with a magazine bottom damper (26) which is secured to the assembly nut (11) which, in addition to the assembly function, is in contact with the bottom a magazine (18) via the magazine bottom damper (26);
• the magazine bottom (18) is adapted to slide on a stroke (D) while remaining integral with the magazine tube (4), this stroke allowing the magazine bottom damper (26) to dampen the impact the cartridge pusher assembly (19) with either the magazine reducer (33) or the magazine bottom (18) or both; and,
• the cartridge pusher assembly (19) being provided with a damper (29) between the cartridge pusher (19) and the magazine spring (20).

When firing the cartridge into the barrel chamber, this cartridge unfolds and releases its charge. The energy developed by the cartridge propels the charge towards the mouth of the barrel, but also causes a phenomenon of recoil of the weapon. Due to their own mass, the cartridges present in the magazine tube tend to remain in place due to the phenomenon of inertia, while the whole weapon retreats.

This phenomenon results in a relative movement of the cartridges in the magazine tube towards the bottom of the magazine. the front end of the magazine tube, against the force exerted by the magazine spring on the cartridge pusher assembly, strongly compressing this spring and leading to abutment with a violent contact shock of the cartridge pusher assembly with either, the store reducer, either with the store bottom.

Thanks to the invention, the contact shocks between the cartridge pusher assembly and the magazine reducer and / or with the magazine bottom can be damped or even absorbed by the shock absorbers provided at the magazine bottom and / or at the bottom of the magazine. level of the cartridge pusher, thereby avoiding violent shocks by the impact of the cartridges in the magazine tube on the cartridge pusher assembly, thus reducing the risk of unwanted deformation of the cartridges and thus the risk of harm rifle operation.

The implementation of this invention also has the effect of improving and making reliable the cycle of automatic reloading of the weapon.

Indeed, the implementation of the dampers has the secondary effect of delaying the release of the cartridges out of the magazine tube with an additional delay allowing the automatic reloading system (set bolt - set sub-guard) to stabilize its position, called " stop-breech ", before receiving the new cartridge from tube store.

This stabilization makes it possible to finalize the feeding cycle which comprises the raising of the conveyor, the closing of the cylinder head, the supply of the new cartridge in the chamber and the locking, with complete reliability.

• La figure 1 est une vue latérale schématique d'un fusil à rechargement automatique selon l'invention;
• la figure 2 représente une vue éclatée du fusil de la figure 1;
• la figure 3 représente une coupe selon le plan de la figure 1 de la partie indiquée par F3 dans cette figure 1 ;
• la figure 4 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie indiquée par F4 dans la figure 3 ;
• la figure 5 est une vue comme celle de la figure 4, mais en état démonté comme dans le cas de la figure 2;
• la figure 6 est une vue dans le sens de la flèche F6 dans la figure 5;
• la figure 7 correspond à la figure 6, mais dans une autre position;
• la figure 8 est une vue en perspective de la partie indiquée par F8 dans la figure 5 ;
• la figure 9 est une vue en perspective de l'ensemble indiqué par F9 dans la figure 3 ;
• les figures 10 à 13 représentent des vues semblables à celle de la figure 3, mais chacune pour des états successifs pendant le tir ;
• les figures 14 à 18 correspondent respectivement aux figures 3 et 10 à 13, mais pour une variante d'un fusil selon l'invention.

For the sake of clarity, some embodiments of an automatic cartridge refueling rifle according to the invention are described below by way of illustration and without being restrictive, reference being made to the appended drawings in which:

• The figure 1 is a schematic side view of a self-loading rifle according to the invention;
• the figure 2 represents an exploded view of the rifle of the figure 1 ;
• the figure 3 represents a section along the plane of the figure 1 of the part indicated by F3 in this figure 1 ;
• the figure 4 is a larger-scale view of the part indicated by F4 in the figure 3 ;
• the figure 5 is a view like that of the figure 4 but in disassembled state as in the case of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 6 is a view in the direction of arrow F6 in the figure 5 ;
• the figure 7 corresponds to the figure 6 but in another position;
• the figure 8 is a perspective view of the part indicated by F8 in the figure 5 ;
• the figure 9 is a perspective view of the set indicated by F9 in the figure 3 ;
• the Figures 10 to 13 represent views similar to that of the figure 3 but each for successive states during the firing;
• the Figures 14 to 18 correspond to the figures 3 and 10 to 13 , but for a variant of a rifle according to the invention.

• un ensemble de carcasse 2;
• un chargeur pour cartouches 3 sous forme d'un tube magasin 4 qui est solidaire à l'ensemble carcasse 2 et qui débouche via une sortie 5 au niveau de cet ensemble de carcasse 2;
• un ensemble canon 6 qui s'étend en direction axiale d'une manière principalement parallèle à l'axe du tube magasin 4 et qui dispose d'une chambre 7 recevant une cartouche 3 à tirer et d'un anneau de canon 8 permettant son positionnement par rapport au tube magasin 4 et comprenant une extension de canon 9 contenant une partie du système de verrouillage de la cartouche 3 dans la chambre 7;
• un système de maintien du canon 6 qui rend l'ensemble canon 6 solidaire de l'ensemble carcasse 2 et du tube magasin 4, par exemple comme illustré dans les figures 1 et 2 par l'anneau 8 du canon susdit qui est glissé sur le bout avant 10 du tube magasin 4 et qui est assemblé par un écrou d'assemblage 11 vissé sur le bout avant 10 du tube magasin 4;
• un ensemble crosse 12 qui est solidarisé à l'ensemble carcasse 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un système de fixation quelconque;
• un ensemble garde-main 13 qui est glissé sur le tube magasin 4 et qui est rendu solidaire de l'ensemble canon 6 et de l'ensemble carcasse 2 par le système de maintien du canon;
• un ensemble sous-garde 14 qui est également fixé à l'ensemble carcasse 2 et qui contient d'une manière connue les fonctions de départ (détente, gâchette, séparateur, chien, ...) et les fonctions d'alimentation de la chambre (transporteurs);
• un ensemble culasse mobile 15 qui est monté dans l'ensemble carcasse 2 et qui peut coulisser dans celui-ci, cet ensemble culasse 15 étant solidaire d'un ensemble verrou 16 qui peut coopérer avec la partie du système de verrouillage de l'extension de canon 9 pour verrouiller une cartouche 3 dans la chambre 7; d'une manette d'armement et d'une bielle de culasse mobile qui est en contact avec un poussoir présent dans l'ensemble carcasse 2 et qui est lui-même en contact avec un ressort récupérateur qui tend à maintenir l'ensemble culasse mobile 15 verrouillé avec l'extrémité de l'ensemble canon 6 du côté de la chambre 7;
• un arrêtoir de cartouche 17 à la sortie 5 du tube magasin 4 dans l'ensemble carcasse 2, cet arrêtoir 17 étant commandé par le mouvement des pièces mobiles ou par l'état de l'ensemble sous-garde (système de débrayage des transporteurs et des arrêtoirs commandés par le rabattement du chien) lors d'un tir pour bloquer cette sortie 5 pour maintenir les cartouches 3 dans le tube magasin 4 et pour dégager la sortie 5 du tube magasin 4 pour réarmer le fusil 1 avec une nouvelle cartouche 3 après un tir.

In a generally known manner, a rifle 1 with automatic cartridge refilling, comprises:

• a set of carcass 2;
• a magazine for cartridges 3 in the form of a magazine tube 4 which is secured to the carcass assembly 2 and which opens via an outlet 5 at the level of this carcass assembly 2;
• a barrel assembly 6 which extends in the axial direction in a manner mainly parallel to the axis of the magazine tube 4 and which has a chamber 7 receiving a cartridge 3 to be fired and a barrel ring 8 allowing its positioning relative to the magazine tube 4 and comprising a barrel extension 9 containing a portion of the locking system of the cartridge 3 in the chamber 7;
• a gun holding system 6 which makes the barrel assembly 6 integral with the carcass assembly 2 and the magazine tube 4, for example as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 by the ring 8 of the aforesaid gun which is slid on the front end 10 of the magazine tube 4 and which is assembled by an assembly nut 11 screwed onto the front end 10 of the magazine tube 4;
• a butt assembly 12 which is secured to the carcass assembly 2 via a system of any fixation;
• a handguard assembly 13 which is slid over the magazine tube 4 and which is secured to the barrel assembly 6 and the carcass assembly 2 by the barrel holding system;
• an under guard assembly 14 which is also attached to the carcass assembly 2 and which contains in a known manner the starting functions (trigger, trigger, separator, dog, ...) and the feeding functions of the chamber (carriers);
• a movable bolt assembly 15 which is mounted in the casing assembly 2 and which can slide therein, this bolt assembly 15 being integral with a latch assembly 16 which can cooperate with the part of the locking system of the extension of barrel 9 for locking a cartridge 3 in the chamber 7; a cocking lever and a movable bolt rod which is in contact with a pusher present in the carcass assembly 2 and which is itself in contact with a recuperating spring which tends to hold the bolt assembly together 15 locked with the end of the barrel assembly 6 on the side of the chamber 7;
• a cartridge retainer 17 at the outlet 5 of the magazine tube 4 in the carcass assembly 2, this stopper 17 being controlled by the movement of the moving parts or by the state of the sub-assembly (disengaging system of the conveyors and stoppers controlled by the folding of the dog) during a shot to block this exit 5 to maintain the cartridges 3 in the magazine tube 4 and to clear the exit 5 of the tube magazine 4 to rearm the rifle 1 with a new cartridge 3 after a shot.

The detailed embodiment of the moving parts at the level of the carcass assembly 2, the sub-assembly 14 and the cylinder head assembly 15 is well known to those skilled in the art and falls outside the scope of this description of the invention. invention.

The magazine tube 4 serves as a charger and it contains the cartridges 3 additional to that in the chamber 7 of the barrel assembly 6.

At the front end 10 of the opposite side to the carcass assembly 2, the store tube 4 contains a store bottom 18. This store bottom 18 is secured to the store tube 4.

The magazine tube 4 is provided with an axially slidable pusher assembly XX 'in the magazine tube 4 and a magazine spring 20 which is constrained between the magazine bottom 18 and the pusher assembly 19 to exert a permanent force on the pusher assembly 19 and on the cartridges 3 which are present in the magazine tube 4 in the direction of the outlet 5 of the magazine tube 4 at the carcass 2.

The magazine spring 20 thus tends to permanently push the cartridge pusher assembly 19 towards the carcass assembly 2. The cartridge pusher assembly 19 is held in the magazine tube 4 by an unrepresented stopper present in the assembly. carcass 2.

The magazine spring 20 and the cartridge push assembly 19 are slid inside the magazine tube 4.

According to one aspect of the invention, the store bottom 18 is slidably mounted axially X-X 'vis-à-vis the store tube 4, while remaining integral with the store tube 4.

According to a preferred embodiment, the magazine bottom 18 is formed by a sleeve 21 which is telescopically mounted in the front end 10 of the magazine tube 4 and which comprises a support 22 for the magazine spring 20, this support 22 being realized in the example of the figures by a washer which rests on a shoulder 23 inside the store bottom 18.

The stroke of the sleeve vis-à-vis the store tube may be limited by limiting means of this stroke D, for example by providing a notch 24 in the store tube 4 which extends in the axial direction XX 'of tube 4 from a distance of the front end 10 of the magazine tube 4 and providing a tooth 25 which is on the outer surface of the sleeve 21 of the magazine bottom 18 and which is guided in the axial direction XX 'in the notch 24.

The assembly nut 11is provided with a damper 26 which can dampen shocks exerted on the magazine bottom 18 in the axial direction XX 'of the store tube 4, this damper 26 being made for example by a spring which is mounted in the assembly nut 11 which, for this purpose, comprises a recess 27.

The assembly nut 11 is screwed onto the front end 10 of the store tube 4, which for this purpose is provided with an external thread 28.

By screwing the assembly nut 11 and the damper 26 together on the front end of the magazine tube 4, the magazine bottom 18 is pushed towards the inside of the magazine tube 4 against the force of the spring. store 20 exercised on the store bottom 18.

During assembly of the rifle 1, the assembly nut 11 is tightened so that the magazine bottom 18 moves inwards on its maximum travel D without the spring acting as the damper 26 is completely crushed thus creating a balance in the forces of the springs.

So that the magazine bottom damper 18 is not crushed by screwing the assembly nut 11, the spring of the damper 26 is chosen so as to be a spring which, in its assembled state in the weapon , is more resistant to compression than the magazine spring 20 in its compressed state.

According to another aspect of the invention, the cartridge pusher assembly 19 comprises a damper 29 which is supported on the magazine spring 20 and which is for example made of shock-absorbing viscoelastic technical material. in a recess 30 of the cartridge pusher 31 and is supported on the magazine spring 20 by means of a support 32, for example in the form of a washer, which can slide axially XX 'in the depression of the pusher 31 to prevent damage to the shock absorber material 29.

In the case of rifle 1 of Figures 1 to 13 , the rifle is provided with a magazine reducer 33 which limits the capacity of the number of cartridges according to the legislation in force, the type of discipline and the length of the cartridges.

In the example given, the gearbox 33 is in the form of a rod which is secured to the magazine bottom 18 and which extends axially in the magazine tube 4 from the magazine bottom 18 towards the pusher assembly cartridge 19.

The rod of the gearbox 33 has a head for holding it in a housing provided for this purpose in the store bottom 18. It is secured to the store bottom 18 for example by means of the washer 22 of the bottom. magazine 18, held in place itself by the pressure exerted by the magazine spring 20.

The operation of the shock absorption on the cartridges in the magazine tube 4 is simple and as follows.

In the situation of figure 3 , the rifle 1 has a cartridge 3 not drawn in the chamber 7 of the barrel assembly. This cartridge 3 contains a load of beads metal 34.

The bolt assembly 15 is locked in the barrel assembly 5.

Two cartridges 3 loaded with a load 34 were fed into the magazine tube 4. These cartridges 3 are held in the magazine tube 4 by the cartridge retainer system 17. In the normal position, this cartridge retainer system 17 maintains the cartridges 3 permanently in the magazine tube 4. In this position, the rifle 1 is loaded and ready to fire.

The figure 10 represents the rifle 1 right after the shot. When fired, the chambered cartridge 3 unfolds and releases its charge 34. It becomes an empty cartridge. The bolt assembly 15 is still integral with the barrel assembly 5. The energy developed by the fired cartridge 3 propels the load 34 to the muzzle of the barrel 35, but also causes a phenomenon of recoil of the weapon. Due to their own mass, the cartridges 3 present in the magazine tube 4 tend to remain in place by the phenomenon of inertia, while the whole weapon back. This is evidenced by the dimension "J" which represents the clearance between the cartridge retainer 17 and the cartridges 3 loaded into the magazine tube 4. The magazine spring 20 compresses more strongly.

The figure 11 corresponds to a position denominated "maximum recoil" and represents the moment when the loaded cartridges 3 in the tube magazine 4 have reached the "maximum play" with the cartridge retainer 17. This movement is limited by the contact between the cartridge pusher assembly 19 and the store reducer rod 33.

The shock sustained by the cartridges in contact with the rod of the magazine reducer 33 on the cartridge pusher assembly 19 is damped, firstly by the damper 29 in the cartridge pusher 19 and secondly by the damper 27 of the magazine bottom 18 which dampens the shock transmitted through the rod 33 on the store bottom 18.

The moving breech assembly 15 is unlocked from the barrel assembly 6 and begins its opening. The empty cartridge 3 chambered is then being extracted.

The figure 12 represents the output of a new cartridge loaded 3 out of the magazine tube 4 for the supply of the chamber 7 for the next shot.

The cartridge pusher assembly 19 is pushed towards the carcass assembly 2 under the effect of the pressure exerted by the magazine spring 20. The cartridge pusher assembly 19 also pushes all the loaded cartridges 3 present in the magazine tube 4 in that direction.

The cartridge retainer system 17 is disengaged by a control system related to the movement of the bolt assembly 15 or to the state of the sub-guard assembly 14. In this position, it no longer prevents the cartridge 3 The control of the cartridge retainer system 17 allows the output of a single cartridge 3 and blocks the next cartridge 3 in the magazine tube 4.

The moving breech assembly 15 continues its course toward the rear of the carcass assembly 2 and allows the ejection of the empty cartridge 3 pulled out which is extracted from the chamber of the barrel 7.

Afterwards, the supply system connected to the sub-guard assembly 14 and the closure of the cylinder head assembly 15 via the action induced by the recuperating spring, makes it possible to introduce the new cartridge 3 loaded into the chamber 7 of the barrel assembly 5.

Then, the bolt assembly 15 is locked in the barrel assembly 6 as illustrated in FIG. figure 13 .

This situation corresponds to the starting situation of the figure 3 , but this time, at least one charged cartridge 3 is present in the magazine tube 4.

The figure 14 shows a variant of a rifle 1 according to the invention which differs from the rifle 1 described above, in that the rifle 1 is not provided with a restriction 33 of the number of cartridges in the magazine tube 4.

As a result, it becomes possible to load the magazine tube 4 with four loaded cartridges 3, as is the case with the figure 14 in which a cartridge 3 is located in the room 7, ready to be fired.

In the example of this figure 14 cartridges are cartridges with a maximum length as defined by SAAMI standards in the United States.

In fact, commercial cartridges rarely reach this maximum length.

In the situation of figure 14 , the cartridges 3 in the magazine tube are supported on the cartridge retainer 17. The spring is partially compressed, while maintaining a little damping stroke, for example of the order of 1 to 2 mm.

When the cartridge 3 in the chamber is pulled, the cartridges 3 in the magazine tube 4 are propelled forward against the cartridge pusher assembly 19 by the same effects of the recoil of the weapon and the inertia of the mass cartridges 3 as already explained before.

The impact of all the cartridges 3 in the magazine tube 4 on the cartridge pusher assembly 19 is absorbed by the buffer of the pusher 29 and the fact that the magazine bottom 18 exits the magazine tube 4 towards the before by the cumulative force of the impact of all the cartridges 3 and the force of the magazine spring 20, while crushing the damper 26 of the magazine bottom 18 in the assembly screw 11.

It is clear that the damper 26 of the tube bottom 18 and the damper 29 of the cartridge pusher assembly 19 may each be applied separately, one without the other.

The forward direction must be understood from the point of view of a shooter with his gun in firing position.

• Introduction d'un amortisseur dans l'ensemble écrou d'assemblage 11 : dans ce cas de figure, il s'agit d'un ressort de fond de magasin 26 qui est solidaire de l'écrou d'assemblage 11 et qui, en plus de la fonction d'assemblage de l'ensemble canon 6 sur l'ensemble carcasse 2, est en contact avec le fond de magasin 18 par l'intermédiaire du ressort de fond de magasin 26.
• Adaptation de la fixation du fond de magasin 18 dans le tube magasin 4: dorénavant, le fond de magasin 18 peut coulisser sur une course "D", tout en restant solidaire du tube magasin 4, cette course permettant au ressort de fond de magasin 26 d'amortir l'impact de l'ensemble poussoir de cartouche 19 avec, soit le réducteur de magasin 33; soit avec le fond de magasin 18 ou avec les deux.
• Introduction d'un amortisseur 29 à l'intérieure dans l'ensemble poussoir de cartouche 19: dans ce cas de figure, il s'agit d'une matière technique viscoélastique absorbant les chocs, cet amortisseur 29 peut se déformer à l'intérieur du poussoir de cartouche 19. Afin d'éviter tout dommage au matériau de l'amortisseur 29, ce dernier est protégé par un appui du ressort de magasin 32 qui peut coulisser à l'intérieur du poussoir de cartouche pour permettre le bon fonctionnement de l'amortisseur 29.

In summary, the advantages of the invention can be attributed mainly to the improvements described below with respect to a conventional rifle:

• Introduction of a damper in the assembly nut assembly 11: in this case, it is a magazine bottom spring 26 which is integral with the assembly nut 11 and which, in addition the assembly function of the barrel assembly 6 on the carcass assembly 2 is in contact with the magazine bottom 18 via the magazine bottom spring 26.
• Adaptation of the fixing of the magazine bottom 18 in the magazine tube 4: from now on, the magazine bottom 18 can slide on a stroke "D", while remaining integral with the magazine tube 4, this stroke allowing the magazine bottom spring 26 damping the impact of the cartridge pusher assembly 19 with either the magazine reducer 33; either with the store bottom 18 or with both.
• Introduction of a damper 29 inside the cartridge pusher assembly 19: in this case, it is a technical material shock absorbing viscoelastic, this damper 29 may deform inside the cartridge pusher 19. In order to avoid any damage to the material of the damper 29, the latter is protected by a support of the magazine spring 32 which can slide inside the cartridge pusher to allow the damper 29 to function properly.

It should be noted that the invention relates to a conventional rifle without mass of inertia separated from the cartridge pusher assembly, intended to reduce the recoil shock on the shoulder of the shooter as is the case of the patent US 3,650,060 .

Claims (7)

1. Gun with automatic loading of cartridges (1), comprising a receiver assembly (2), a barrel assembly (6), a loader for cartridges in the form of a tubular magazine (4) that runs up to the receiver assembly (2) and which extends in the axial direction (X-X') in a way essentially parallel to the axis of the barrel (6), and which is provided with a magazine bottom (26) at the front end (10) of the magazine (4), with the barrel assembly (6) being assembled on the receiver assembly (2) by means of an assembly nut (11) mounted on the front end (10) of the tubular magazine (4), with the tubular magazine (4) being equipped with a cartridge follower assembly (19) that slides in the axial direction (X-X') in the tubular magazine (4), and a magazine spring (20) mounted between the magazine bottom (18) and the cartridge follower assembly (19), with the tubular magazine (4) being provided or not with a magazine reducer (33), characterised in that:

   • the tubular magazine (4) is equipped with a magazine bottom shock absorber (26) that is joined with the assembly nut (11), which, in addition to the assembly function, is in contact with the magazine bottom (18) via the magazine bottom shock absorber (26);

   • the magazine bottom (18) can slide over a travel distance (D) while remaining joined with the tubular magazine (4), with the said travel distance (D) allowing the magazine bottom shock absorber (26) to damp the impact of the cartridge follower assembly (19) with either the magazine reducer (33) or with the magazine bottom (18) or with both; and,

   • with the cartridge follower assembly (19) being equipped with a shock absorber (29) between the cartridge follower and the magazine spring (20).
2. Gun (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the magazine bottom shock absorber (26) is formed by a spring that is supported by the magazine bottom (18) and which is situated on the opposite side of the magazine spring (20) with respect to the magazine bottom (18).
3. Gun (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the nut (11) is screwed on the front end (10) of the tubular magazine (4) in such a way that the magazine bottom (18) is pushed back in the tubular magazine (4) over a distance against the force exerted by the magazine spring (20).
4. Gun (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the spring that makes up the magazine bottom shock absorber (26) is chosen so as to be a spring which, in its assembled state in the weapon, is more resistant to compression than the magazine spring (20) in its compressed state.
5. Gun (1) according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that the shock absorber of the cartridge follower assembly (29) is supported by the magazine spring (20).
6. Gun (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the shock absorber of the cartridge follower assembly (29) is made of a shock-absorbing viscoelastic technical material that can deform inside the cartridge follower (19).
7. Gun (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the shock absorber of the cartridge follower assembly (29) is mounted in a cavity of the cartridge follower (31) and that this shock absorber (29) is supported by the magazine spring (20) via a support that can slide in the axial direction (X-X') in the cavity of the cartridge follower (31) to protect the shock absorber (29) material against all damage.

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