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EP2699799B1 - Mainframe of a wind turbine generator system with cabling and method for laying a loom of cables on a mainframe of a wind turbine generator system - Google Patents

Mainframe of a wind turbine generator system with cabling and method for laying a loom of cables on a mainframe of a wind turbine generator system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2699799B1
EP2699799B1 EP12715601.6A EP12715601A EP2699799B1 EP 2699799 B1 EP2699799 B1 EP 2699799B1 EP 12715601 A EP12715601 A EP 12715601A EP 2699799 B1 EP2699799 B1 EP 2699799B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
cable
main carrier
cables
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12715601.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2699799A1 (en
Inventor
Henning Wehnsen
Andreas Winkler
Rainer Jungbluth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Senvion GmbH
Original Assignee
Senvion GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Senvion GmbH filed Critical Senvion GmbH
Publication of EP2699799A1 publication Critical patent/EP2699799A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2699799B1 publication Critical patent/EP2699799B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • Fโ€”MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03โ€”MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03Dโ€”WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00โ€”Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80โ€”Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F03D80/82โ€”Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
    • F03D80/85โ€”Cabling
    • Fโ€”MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05โ€”INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05Bโ€”INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00โ€”Components
    • F05B2240/10โ€”Stators
    • F05B2240/14โ€”Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
    • Yโ€”GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02โ€”TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02Eโ€”REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00โ€”Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70โ€”Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72โ€”Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine carrier of a wind turbine with wiring, a corresponding wind turbine and a method for laying a wire harness to a machine support of a wind turbine
  • Wind turbines usually have a tower, at the top of which a nacelle with a rotor with a rotor hub with rotor blades is arranged, which drives a generator during operation.
  • the gondola houses machine parts such as bearings, shafts and the generator, electronics and control boxes and possibly a transmission.
  • the machine parts are carried by a floor platform or a machine carrier, which is rotatably mounted on the tower.
  • the machine carrier transmits the entire rotor forces in the front part
  • the azimuth bearing on the tower takes up the heavy loads of the machine parts and is correspondingly stiff and solid.
  • modern machine carriers consist of a main carrier and a rear carrier, which may be welded or cast.
  • the main carrier is strongly dynamically loaded, while the main task of the rear carrier, which is connected to the main carrier at the rear side, is to carry the weight of the generator and, where appropriate, a transformer, an inverter and control cabinets.
  • the load level is therefore lower for the rear carrier than for the heavily loaded main carrier. More important here is the stiffness design, as the generator must be exactly aligned with the gearbox. Dynamic loads of the rear carrier result mainly from vibrations and inertial forces.
  • Main carriers are currently manufactured in many wind turbines as castings made of cast iron, so produced as a casting in a casting process. This has the advantage that even complicated shapes are easy to produce.
  • the casting material has vibration-damping properties that a welded part made of steel does not have. This is advantageous in a nacelle of a wind turbine in which strong vibrations and thus also strong sound emissions can occur.
  • cast iron with a lower density than steel, has good compressive strength and, due to its embrittlement, good dimensional stability, which makes it particularly suitable for use as a machine carrier.
  • An example of a suitable cast iron is spheroidal graphite cast iron, d. H. spherical graphite deposits, which additionally has a comparatively high tensile strength.
  • the rear carrier can, as in some cases, the main carrier, for cost reasons, be a welded part, that is, of several Steel parts, ie steel beams, steel pipes and steel sheets, in particular made of rolled steel, welded together. Because of the higher tensile and breaking strength of the steel compared to cast iron, the rear carrier with the same load capacity has a lower weight.
  • connection between the main carrier and the rear carrier is usually designed as a flange connection.
  • the rear carrier is flanged to the machine frame by means of suitable screw.
  • Flange connections require a relatively large amount of space and can be difficult to access due to the tight space conditions in a gondola.
  • a special type of machine carrier is in DE 10 2007 009 575 A1 described.
  • This document discloses a wind turbine with a nacelle in which a machine carrier has a base body and a generator carrier.
  • the main body is constructed in two parts, namely with a base body and a bottom element, which carries one or more azimuth drives.
  • the generator carrier is arranged on the bottom element.
  • the designed as a tub for collecting liquids such as gear oil bottom element forms a structure that closes the nacelle to the tower. In the tub openings are arranged, which serve as a manhole and cable entry into the tower.
  • the machine carrier for a wind energy plant described therein essentially has a casting formed main carrier and a substantially formed as a welded part rear carrier, wherein at least one weldable Eingussteil is provided which is partially molded into a rear-side molded connector of the main carrier and outside of the connecting piece of the main carrier is connected to the rear carrier, in particular by means of a welded connection.
  • cables also include the power supply cables for the electrical components, computers, etc.
  • the large number of cables to be laid and the limited space in the nacelle of the wind turbine make maintenance in the nacelle difficult due to tripping hazards.
  • cables must be costly clad or through areas of the nacelle, e.g. be guided under the transmission, which are already bottlenecks anyway.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wiring of the electrical components of a wind turbine, which allows both a safe and convenient maintenance of both the wiring and the electrical components in the nacelle of the wind turbine as well as a secure electrical connection of both power cables and control cables while avoiding bottlenecks.
  • a machine carrier of a wind turbine with wiring wherein the machine carrier has a main carrier and a rear carrier, which is connected at least one connection point with the main carrier at the rear side, wherein the wiring at least one cable and / or at least one cable harness with power cables and / or with control cables, which and / or is laid between the main carrier and the rear carrier, wherein the machine carrier is further developed in that in the connection point a recess is arranged, through which the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness is relocated.
  • the measure according to the invention thus means that the cables or cable strands inside the machine carrier, ie the rear carrier and the main carrier, are laid instead, as before, above or on the top of the machine carrier or centrally between the support arms of the rear carrier. Except for the points where the cables or harnesses are led out of the rear carrier to be connected to the generator or the other electrical components on the rear carrier, the cables or cable strands thus extend completely below the plane on which all Machine parts, In particular, the drive train, gearbox and electrical components are arranged and thus below the area in which maintenance and repair work is carried out. All mechanical and electrical components that are arranged on the machine carrier, thus trouble-free by maintenance personnel accessible and visible.
  • the particular finding of the invention is to achieve a significant improvement of the spatial conditions by the cable strands are guided by the highly loaded joints.
  • recesses at the joints which are formed by recesses in the structures of the rear carrier and the main carrier at the joints, has the advantage that the cables and cable strands are guided close to the mechanical structures of the rear carrier and main carrier and thus also within the machine carrier structure are well fastened and are not or hardly freely guided, whereby damage to the cable or loss of contact can be prevented.
  • the recesses serve as natural bottlenecks, which allow a particularly suitable bundling and attachment of cables or cable strands.
  • a wiring harness Under a cable harness is understood in the context of the invention, a wiring harness.
  • Power cables and control cables are understood as meaning both high-current cables and control cables, power supply cables and all other cables which are used in a nacelle of a wind turbine.
  • the rear carrier is connected by means of a screw flange with the main carrier or welded to the main carrier.
  • a screw flange with the main carrier or welded to the main carrier.
  • a screw flange or a weld joint of a main carrier or a rear carrier is preferably designed substantially C-shaped, U-shaped or as a closed cross-section with a recess enclosed on all sides. These forms allow both a permanent and stable connection as well as the formation of a recess which is enclosed on two, three or more sides. For connections are also suitable, which are arranged on two sides, for example above and below the recess or above and on one side next to the recess, ie angularly.
  • a stable and advantageous embodiment is that on two opposite sides connecting points between the main carrier and rear carrier are arranged.
  • connection points are distributed either in a plane next to each other or in several levels.
  • both or more connection points have recesses with cables or cable strands laid therethrough, wherein in particular power cables and control cables are laid separately from one another by different connection points.
  • the separation of power cables and control cables reliably prevents the spread of interference from the power cables into the control cables, which could disturb the control of the wind turbine.
  • At least one cable runs through a junction without breakage and / or at least one cable in the rear carrier is connected to or in the region of a connection point with a cable in the main carrier by means of a plug contact.
  • a cable may also be part of a cable harness.
  • all cables of a cable harness in the rear carrier are preferably connected to the corresponding cables of a cable harness in the main carrier by means of plug contacts or a common plug contact at or in the region of a connection point.
  • a Steckitatispaneel for a variety of connectors can be provided on the rear carrier or the main carrier, which simplifies an orderly connection of the cable in the rear carrier and the cable in the main carrier each other.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the machine carrier provides that at least one cable rail for the cable harness or strands is arranged in the main carrier and / or in the rear carrier, wherein in particular the at least one cable rail passes through a connection point between the main carrier and the rear carrier or a cable rail in the main carrier and a cable rail in the rear carrier at or in the region of a joint abut each other.
  • a cable rail is understood to mean an open or a closed cable rail, in particular a cable duct.
  • a closed cable rail can also be a cable rail with side walls and cover which can be removable.
  • Even simple cable rails with a conductor structure can be used according to the invention. They have the advantage of a comparatively low weight and good accessibility of the cables and cable runs carried thereon.
  • Cable rails are preferably present both in the rear carrier and in the main carrier. Such cable rails can be installed either after assembly of the machine carrier of the main carrier and rear carrier and go through the joint as a whole, or the cable rails are initially separately mounted in the main carrier and the rear carrier so that they after assembly of the main carrier and rear carrier to the machine carrier on or Area of each junction encounter each other.
  • a cable rail In the rear carrier, which is usually welded together from steel beams, steel pipes and the like, a cable rail can be fixed so that at the desired locations, for example, eyelets for the cable rail are welded to the corresponding parts of the rear carrier.
  • welded parts are used in a main carrier in areas where cable rails are to be laid, the same procedure is possible.
  • the main beam is made of a cast material at these locations, a smooth wall may be provided in the mold after tapping provided blind holes provided. Screw connections for the cable rails can then be inserted into these blind holes.
  • the object underlying the invention is also achieved by a wind turbine with a previously described machine support according to the invention with wiring.
  • the object underlying the invention is further achieved by a method for laying a cable and / or a cable harness on a, in particular above-described invention, machine support a wind turbine, wherein a main carrier and a rear carrier by connecting to at least one connection point on a rear side of the main carrier a machine carrier is produced, wherein the method is further developed in that at least one cable and / or at least one cable harness with power cables and / or with control cables is laid through a recess in the connection point.
  • This method according to the invention leads to the above-described machine carrier according to the invention with cabling according to the invention and therefore has the same advantages as the machine carrier according to the invention.
  • this approach In the production of the machine carrier or the laying of the wiring, this approach has the advantage that it is independent of already installed machine components on the top of the machine carrier or of machine components still to be installed and thus represents a fast and straightforward transfer method.
  • connection of main carrier and rear carrier is preferably carried out by screwing of screw flanges or by welding.
  • cables and / or cable strands are laid separately from each other by different connection points between the main carrier and rear carrier, in particular power cable separated from control cables. This minimizes noise caused by power peaks in the power cables that affect the control cables.
  • At least one cable is laid without breakage through a connection point and / or at least one cable in the main carrier is connected by means of a plug contact to or in the region of the connection point with at least one cable in the rear carrier.
  • a plug contact to or in the region of the connection point with at least one cable in the rear carrier.
  • some cables pass through the junctions without break, while other cables have a contact point between the rear carrier and the main carrier. This can be freely selected according to the conditions of the electrical components and the procedure for establishing the wiring.
  • Brushless cable management has the advantage of trouble-free cable routing and avoidance of contact points, which can cause potential line breaks.
  • the use of plug contacts or panels with plug contacts has the advantage of flexibility and the ability to lay cables already on the rear carrier and on the main carrier before they are assembled into a machine carrier.
  • the main carrier and / or rear carrier go through or at or in the region of a junction between the main carrier and rear carrier abut each other.
  • the cable rails are arranged in this case so that the laying of the cables or cable strands respectively through the recess at the connection points.
  • the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness is laid before or after the connection of main carrier and rear carrier to the machine carrier through the at least one recess of the at least one connection point.
  • the laying of the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness on the ground for example in a workshop, and / or carried out in a nacelle of a wind turbine.
  • the laying on the ground, especially in a workshop has the advantage that there is enough space and freedom of movement for laying cables or cable strands.
  • the laying of cables or cable strands in the nacelle arranged at the top of a tower has the advantage that less weight must be heaved by means of a crane to the top of a wind turbine. It is also possible to lay a part or a majority of the wiring at ground level and, for example, also to lay subsequent wiring in the nacelle.
  • a nacelle 1 of a wind turbine is shown schematically from the side.
  • the gondola 1 is followed by a rotor hub 2 with three rotor blade connections 3 for rotor blades 4.
  • One Rotor blade 4 is shown with its blade root end.
  • the rotor blade connections 3 each have flanges for connecting a rotor blade 4 and blade angle adjustment devices for setting and determining the rotor blade angle.
  • a flange is provided with the reference numeral 5.
  • a bearing 6 of a slow rotor shaft connects to the rotor hub 2, which is connected directly to the rotor hub 2.
  • the slow shaft is connected to a gear 7, with which the speed of the slow rotor shaft is increased and transmitted to a fast shaft.
  • the fast shaft, which adjoins the transmission 7, leads to a generator 8, which is arranged at the rear end of the nacelle 1.
  • a control cabinet 9 which has electrical components.
  • An inverter may also be provided in the nacelle, which adjusts the electrical power generated by the generator 8 so that it can be fed into a private or public power grid.
  • a machine carrier with a main carrier 10 and a rear carrier 11 is shown in the lower part of the nacelle 1.
  • the main carrier 10 supports the support 6 of the slow shaft and the rotor hub 2 and the gearbox 7.
  • the rear carrier 11 carries electrical components such as the generator 8, control and switching cabinets and optionally a transformer and the inverter 9.
  • 10 azimuth drives 12 are arranged on the main carrier, which rotate the nacelle 1 on the tower 13 via a gear and sprocket gear.
  • the nacelle 1 has at its rear end also wind sensor and lightning protection 14. Another, not shown Lightning protection is usually arranged in the region of the transition between the nacelle 1 and the rotor hub 2 in order to derive lightning strikes from the rotor blade into the tower.
  • the main carrier 10 is preferably made of a cast body and / or of steel which has sufficient strength to support the components resting on the main carrier 10 and whose comparatively soft material properties are good for damping vibrations that continually occur during operation of the wind turbine suitable is.
  • the Gus carrier is particularly resistant to fatigue loads due to its notch-free geometry, which must be transferred from the rotor into the tower.
  • the rear carrier is preferably welded from steel parts and absorbs the weight forces and torques of the generator 8 and the control cabinet 9 and transmits them by means of a connection between the main carrier 10 and the rear carrier 11 on the main carrier 10 and the tower 13.
  • the rear carrier 11 is one-sided clamped cantilever executed sufficiently rigid, so that compression of the generator 8 during operation is reliably avoided.
  • the steel beam may also be designed as a cast part, which enables economical production, especially in the case of large numbers of pieces.
  • Fig. 2 to Fig. 6 is a machine carrier according to the invention or its components main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 of the machine frame are each shown schematically in detail.
  • Fig. 2 a perspective view of the machine carrier is shown, wherein the main carrier 10 at its front, ie the rotor hub end end of a bearing block 22 for a rotor main bearing having. Laterally, this is followed by brackets 21 for azimuth drives 12. At the bottom of an azimuth flange 23 with a bolt circle, not shown, for the Turmanitati of the main carrier 10 can be seen. The diameter of the bolt circle corresponds roughly to the outer diameter of the tower.
  • Fig. 2 It can also be seen that two symmetrical connecting pieces 24 adjoin each other at the longitudinal side to form a rear carrier 11, each opening into a screw flange 25.
  • the rear carrier 11 consists of two rear support arms 32, which are each attached to one of the connectors 24.
  • the present invention also covers the case that a rear carrier 11 is configured with three or more rear support arms 32.
  • the rear carrier 11 is connected to the main carrier 10 via a matching screw flange 35 which rests on the screw flange 25 of the main carrier 10 by means of connecting screws 34, which may also be bolts.
  • the junction of the screw flange 25 and screw flange 35 has, as on the right side of Fig. 2 can be seen, a recessed recess 33 on all sides, can be passed through the cable and / or cable strands or wiring harnesses.
  • the ausergende rear carrier 11 has at the end of the support arms 32 footprints 31 for machine components, such as a generator on.
  • Fig. 3 is a similar view as in Fig. 2 shown, wherein the main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 are not connected to each other in this perspective schematic view. It can be seen that the screw flange 25 of the main carrier 10 has recesses 26 at the connection points to each other are symmetrical and are enclosed on all sides. The screw flanges 35 of the rear carrier 11 have recesses 33 which are enclosed on three sides, while the recesses 33 are open inwards. The screw flanges 35 of the rear carrier are thus substantially C-shaped.
  • the support arms 32 are as out Fig. 3 can also be seen, in cross-section also substantially C-shaped.
  • cables or harnesses within the C-shaped profiles of the support arms 32 of the rear carrier as well as in the substantially C-shaped profiles of the main carrier 10 can be securely arranged and supported.
  • a main carrier 10 according to the invention is shown in detail. It can be seen that the screw flanges 25 have a substantially complementary shape to the screw flanges 35 of a mating rear carrier 11 according to FIG Fig. 5 exhibit.
  • the surfaces of the screw flanges 25 and 35 are substantially planar and have screw holes 36 for connecting screws 34 at the corresponding locations.
  • main carrier 10 Both in the main carrier 10 according to Fig. 4 as well as in the rear carrier 11 according to Fig. 5 If there is sufficient space, so that a laying of cables, harnesses and / or harnesses, especially before installing in a nacelle in a wind turbine, can be done easily.
  • the length of a complete machine carrier with main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 is 10 m or more in modern wind turbines.
  • FIG. 6 Finally, another schematic perspective view of a machine carrier with main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 is shown as in Fig. 2 , in which case cable rails 41, 42 are shown inside the machine carrier.
  • the superposed cable rails 41, 42 begin at the rear carrier 11 and extend on a side wall of the rear carrier 11 in a support arm 32 one above the other. It is in the illustrated form to closed cable rails 41, 42, each with a removable lid in which the cables or cable strands are laid. These cable rails together with the cables and cable runs laid therein run through the recess at the junction between the rear carrier 11 and main carrier 10. Depending on the specific application, open cable strands are used instead of the closed cable rails, which offers the advantage of easier accessibility and thus easier troubleshooting ,
  • the upper cable rail 41 extends within the main carrier 10 further to the Azimutflansch for Turmanitati, the in Fig. 6 is not visible, so that the power cables laid therein in the tower continue. The transition into the tower is designed so that one or more turns of the nacelle on the tower is possible.
  • the lower cable rail 42 also extends through the recess of the rear carrier 11 in the main carrier 10 and includes control cables, including power cables for the electrical components on the rear carrier and extends within the main carrier 10 separately from the cable rail 41st
  • the cable rails 41, 42 can already be attached to the main carrier and the main carrier 11 prior to assembly of main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 so that they abut each other in the region of the joint, or they can be installed after joining of the main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11, so that they pass through the junction. With the, in particular closed cable rails 41, 42, the cables laid therein are effectively cleared and protected from the way, so that the wiring is secured and more space for maintenance and direct access to the other components of the wind turbine on the machine frame is present.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Maschinentrรคger einer Windenergieanlage mit Verkabelung, eine entsprechende Windenergieanlage sowie ein Verfahren zum Verlegen eines Kabelstrangs an einem Maschinentrรคger einer WindenergieanlageThe invention relates to a machine carrier of a wind turbine with wiring, a corresponding wind turbine and a method for laying a wire harness to a machine support of a wind turbine

Windenergieanlagen weisen รผblicherweise einen Turm auf, an dessen Spitze eine Gondel mit einem Rotor mit einer Rotornabe mit Rotorblรคttern angeordnet ist, der im Betrieb einen Generator antreibt. Die Gondel beherbergt Maschinenteile wie Lager, Wellen und den Generator, Elektronik- und Schaltkรคsten sowie gegebenenfalls ein Getriebe. Die Maschinenteile werden von einer Bodenplattform bzw. einem Maschinentrรคger getragen, der auf dem Turm drehbar gelagert ist.Wind turbines usually have a tower, at the top of which a nacelle with a rotor with a rotor hub with rotor blades is arranged, which drives a generator during operation. The gondola houses machine parts such as bearings, shafts and the generator, electronics and control boxes and possibly a transmission. The machine parts are carried by a floor platform or a machine carrier, which is rotatably mounted on the tower.

Der Maschinentrรคger รผbertrรคgt im vorderen Teil die gesamten Rotorkrรคfte รผber die Azimutlagerung auf den Turm, nimmt die schweren Lasten der Maschinenteile auf und ist entsprechend steif und massiv gebaut. In vielen Fรคllen bestehen moderne Maschinentrรคger aus einem Haupttrรคger und einem Hecktrรคger, die geschweiรŸt oder gegossen sein kรถnnen. Der Haupttrรคger ist stark dynamisch belastet, wรคhrend die Hauptaufgabe des Hecktrรคgers, der mit dem Haupttrรคger an dessen Heckseite verbunden ist, darin liegt, das Gewicht des Generators und gegebenenfalls eines Transformators, eines Umrichters und von Schaltschrรคnken zu tragen. Beim Hecktrรคger ist das Belastungsniveau daher weniger hoch als bei dem hochbeanspruchten Haupttrรคger. Wichtiger ist hier die Steifigkeitsauslegung, da der Generator genau mit dem Getriebe fluchten muss. Dynamische Belastungen des Hecktrรคgers resultieren vor allem aus Schwingungen und Trรคgheitskrรคften.The machine carrier transmits the entire rotor forces in the front part The azimuth bearing on the tower takes up the heavy loads of the machine parts and is correspondingly stiff and solid. In many cases, modern machine carriers consist of a main carrier and a rear carrier, which may be welded or cast. The main carrier is strongly dynamically loaded, while the main task of the rear carrier, which is connected to the main carrier at the rear side, is to carry the weight of the generator and, where appropriate, a transformer, an inverter and control cabinets. The load level is therefore lower for the rear carrier than for the heavily loaded main carrier. More important here is the stiffness design, as the generator must be exactly aligned with the gearbox. Dynamic loads of the rear carrier result mainly from vibrations and inertial forces.

Haupttrรคger werden derzeit bei vielen Windenergieanlagen als Gussteile aus Gusseisen gefertigt, also als Abguss in einem Gussverfahren hergestellt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass auch komplizierte Formen leicht herstellbar sind. AuรŸerdem hat das Gussmaterial schwingungsdรคmpfende Eigenschaften, die ein SchweiรŸteil aus Stahl nicht hat. Dies ist in einer Gondel einer Windenergieanlage, in der starke Schwingungen und somit auch starke Schallabstrahlungen entstehen kรถnnen, vorteilhaft. Gusseisen hat bei geringerer Dichte als Stahl auรŸerdem eine gute Druckfestigkeit und aufgrund seiner Versprรถdung eine gute Formsteifigkeit, was es fรผr die Anwendung als Maschinentrรคger besonders geeignet macht. Ein Beispiel eines geeigneten Gusseisens ist Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, d. h. sphรคrischen Graphiteinlagerungen, welches zusรคtzlich eine vergleichsweise hohe Zugfestigkeit aufweist.Main carriers are currently manufactured in many wind turbines as castings made of cast iron, so produced as a casting in a casting process. This has the advantage that even complicated shapes are easy to produce. In addition, the casting material has vibration-damping properties that a welded part made of steel does not have. This is advantageous in a nacelle of a wind turbine in which strong vibrations and thus also strong sound emissions can occur. In addition, cast iron, with a lower density than steel, has good compressive strength and, due to its embrittlement, good dimensional stability, which makes it particularly suitable for use as a machine carrier. An example of a suitable cast iron is spheroidal graphite cast iron, d. H. spherical graphite deposits, which additionally has a comparatively high tensile strength.

Der Hecktrรคger kann, wie in einigen Fรคllen auch der Haupttrรคger, aus Kostengrรผnden ein SchweiรŸteil sein, das heiรŸt aus mehreren Stahlteilen, also Stahltrรคgern, Stahlrohren und Stahlblechen, insbesondere aus Walzstahl, zusammengeschweiรŸt sein. Wegen der hรถheren Zug- und Bruchfestigkeit des Stahls gegenรผber Gusseisen weist der Hecktrรคger bei gleicher Belastbarkeit ein geringeres Gewicht auf.The rear carrier can, as in some cases, the main carrier, for cost reasons, be a welded part, that is, of several Steel parts, ie steel beams, steel pipes and steel sheets, in particular made of rolled steel, welded together. Because of the higher tensile and breaking strength of the steel compared to cast iron, the rear carrier with the same load capacity has a lower weight.

Da Gusseisen nicht schweiรŸbar ist, ist die Verbindung zwischen dem Haupttrรคger und dem Hecktrรคger รผblicherweise als Flanschverbindung ausgebildet. Hierzu ist der Hecktrรคger an den Maschinentrรคger mittels geeigneter Schraubverbindungen angeflanscht. Flanschverbindungen benรถtigen relativ viel Platz und kรถnnen aufgrund der engen Platzverhรคltnisse in einer Gondel schwer zugรคnglich sein.Since cast iron is not weldable, the connection between the main carrier and the rear carrier is usually designed as a flange connection. For this purpose, the rear carrier is flanged to the machine frame by means of suitable screw. Flange connections require a relatively large amount of space and can be difficult to access due to the tight space conditions in a gondola.

Eine spezielle Art eines Maschinentrรคgers ist in DE 10 2007 009 575 A1 beschrieben. Dieses Dokument offenbart eine Windenergieanlage mit einem Maschinenhaus, bei dem ein Maschinentrรคger einen Grundkรถrper und einen Generatortrรคger aufweist. Der Grundkรถrper ist zweiteilig aufgebaut, nรคmlich mit einem Grundkรถrper und einem Bodenelement, das einen oder mehrere Azimutantriebe trรคgt. Der Generatortrรคger ist am Bodenelement angeordnet. Das als Wanne zum Auffangen von Flรผssigkeiten wie beispielsweise Getriebeรถl ausgebildete Bodenelement bildet eine Struktur, die das Maschinenhaus zum Turm hin abschlieรŸt. In der Wanne sind Durchbrechungen angeordnet, die als Mannloch und zur Kabeldurchfรผhrung in den Turm dienen.A special type of machine carrier is in DE 10 2007 009 575 A1 described. This document discloses a wind turbine with a nacelle in which a machine carrier has a base body and a generator carrier. The main body is constructed in two parts, namely with a base body and a bottom element, which carries one or more azimuth drives. The generator carrier is arranged on the bottom element. The designed as a tub for collecting liquids such as gear oil bottom element forms a structure that closes the nacelle to the tower. In the tub openings are arranged, which serve as a manhole and cable entry into the tower.

Ein alternatives Verbindungsverfahren ist in der Patentanmeldung DE 10 2010 002 828.2 der Anmelderin beschrieben, deren Offenbarungsgehalt vollinhaltlich in der vorliegenden Patentanmeldung aufgenommen sein soll. Der darin beschriebene Maschinentrรคger fรผr eine Windenergieanlage weist einen im Wesentlichen als Gussteil ausgebildeten Haupttrรคger und einen im Wesentlichen als SchweiรŸteil ausgebildeten Hecktrรคger auf, wobei wenigstens ein schweiรŸfรคhiges Eingussteil vorgesehen ist, das teilweise in ein heckseitiges gegossenes Verbindungsstรผck des Haupttrรคgers eingegossen ist und auรŸerhalb des Verbindungsstรผcks des Haupttrรคgers mit dem Hecktrรคger verbunden ist, insbesondere mittels einer SchweiรŸverbindung.An alternative connection method is in the patent application DE 10 2010 002 828.2 the Applicant whose disclosure content is to be incorporated in full in the present patent application. The machine carrier for a wind energy plant described therein essentially has a casting formed main carrier and a substantially formed as a welded part rear carrier, wherein at least one weldable Eingussteil is provided which is partially molded into a rear-side molded connector of the main carrier and outside of the connecting piece of the main carrier is connected to the rear carrier, in particular by means of a welded connection.

Bei modernen Windenergieanlagen, die Nennleistungen von mehreren Megawatt (MW) haben, wird eine Verkabelung des Generators und der weiteren elektrischen Komponenten zwischen dem Turm und den insbesondere auf dem Hecktrรคger gelagerten elektrischen Komponenten รผber den Haupttrรคger gefรผhrt. Beispielsweise bei der Verwendung von doppelt gespeisten Asynchrongeneratoren, bei denen ein Teil der Leistung vom Stator des Generators und ein anderer Teil der Leistung vom Rotor abgenommen wird, und zu jeder der drei Phasen des Stroms jeweils drei Leistungskabel verwendet werden, ergibt sich eine Gesamtdicke eines entsprechenden Leistungskabelstranges von bis zu einigen Dutzend Zentimetern. Diese Kabel werden auf dem Maschinentrรคger zwischen den auf dem Maschinentrรคger gelagerten Komponenten hindurch verlegt. Neben den Leistungskabeln werden auch Steuerkabel verlegt, mit denen Steuer- und Messsignale รผbertragen werden. Zu diesen Kabeln gehรถren auch die Stromversorgungskabel fรผr die elektrischen Komponenten, Computer usw. Die Vielzahl der zu verlegenden Kabel sowie die beengten Platzverhรคltnisse in der Gondel der Windenergieanlage fรผhren dazu, dass Wartungsarbeiten in der Gondel aufgrund von Stolpergefahr erschwert werden. AuรŸerdem mรผssen Kabel aufwรคndig verkleidet bzw. durch Bereiche der Gondel, z.B. unter dem Getriebe gefรผhrt werden, die ohnehin schon Engstellen darstellen.In modern wind turbines, which have rated outputs of several megawatts (MW), a wiring of the generator and the other electrical components between the tower and the particular mounted on the rear carrier electrical components is passed over the main carrier. For example, in the case of using doubly fed asynchronous generators, where part of the power is taken from the stator of the generator and another part of the power is taken from the rotor, and three power cables are used for each of the three phases of the current, a total thickness of a corresponding one results Power cable harness of up to a few tens of centimeters. These cables are laid on the machine carrier between the components stored on the machine carrier. In addition to the power cables, control cables are laid with which control and measuring signals are transmitted. These cables also include the power supply cables for the electrical components, computers, etc. The large number of cables to be laid and the limited space in the nacelle of the wind turbine make maintenance in the nacelle difficult due to tripping hazards. In addition, cables must be costly clad or through areas of the nacelle, e.g. be guided under the transmission, which are already bottlenecks anyway.

Demgegenรผber liegt die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, eine Verkabelung der elektrischen Komponenten einer Windenergieanlage zu schaffen, die sowohl eine sichere und bequeme Wartung sowohl der Verkabelung als auch der elektrischen Komponenten in der Gondel der Windenergieanlage als auch eine sichere elektrische Verbindung sowohl von Leistungskabeln als auch von Steuerkabeln unter Vermeidung von Engstellen ermรถglicht.In contrast, the object of the present invention is To provide a wiring of the electrical components of a wind turbine, which allows both a safe and convenient maintenance of both the wiring and the electrical components in the nacelle of the wind turbine as well as a secure electrical connection of both power cables and control cables while avoiding bottlenecks.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Maschinentrรคger einer Windenergieanlage mit Verkabelung gelรถst, wobei der Maschinentrรคger einen Haupttrรคger und einen Hecktrรคger aufweist, der an wenigstens einer Verbindungstelle mit dem Haupttrรคger an dessen Heckseite verbunden ist, wobei die Verkabelung wenigstens ein Kabel und/oder wenigstens einen Kabelstrang mit Leistungskabeln und/oder mit Steuerkabeln aufweist, das und/oder der zwischen dem Haupttrรคger und dem Hecktrรคger verlegt ist, wobei der Maschinentrรคger dadurch weitergebildet ist, dass in der Verbindungsstelle eine Aussparung angeordnet ist, durch die das wenigstens eine Kabel und/oder der wenigstens eine Kabelstrang verlegt ist.This object is achieved by a machine carrier of a wind turbine with wiring, wherein the machine carrier has a main carrier and a rear carrier, which is connected at least one connection point with the main carrier at the rear side, wherein the wiring at least one cable and / or at least one cable harness with power cables and / or with control cables, which and / or is laid between the main carrier and the rear carrier, wherein the machine carrier is further developed in that in the connection point a recess is arranged, through which the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness is relocated.

Unter einer Aussparung in der Verbindungsstelle wird insbesondere eine ร–ffnung, die teilweise oder vollstรคndig umschlossen ist, in der Verbindungsstelle verstanden. Sie liegt damit unterhalb der Oberseite des Maschinentrรคgers. Die erfindungsgemรครŸe MaรŸnahme bedeutet somit, dass die Kabel bzw. die Kabelstrรคnge im Inneren des Maschinentrรคgers, d.h. des Hecktrรคgers und des Haupttrรคgers, verlegt werden anstatt, wie bisher, oberhalb bzw. auf der Oberseite des Maschinentrรคgers oder mittig zwischen den Tragarmen des Hecktrรคgers. Bis auf die Stellen, an denen die Kabel bzw. Kabelstrรคnge aus dem Hecktrรคger herausgefรผhrt werden, um mit dem Generator bzw. den anderen elektrischen Komponenten auf dem Hecktrรคger verbunden zu werden, verlaufen die Kabel bzw. Kabelstrรคnge somit vollstรคndig unterhalb der Ebene, auf der sรคmtliche Maschinenteile, insbesondere Triebstrang, Getriebe und elektrische Komponenten, angeordnet sind und somit unterhalb des Bereiches, in dem Wartungsarbeiten und Reparaturarbeiten ausgefรผhrt werden. Sรคmtliche mechanischen und elektrischen Komponenten, die auf dem Maschinentrรคger angeordnet sind, sind somit stรถrungsfrei durch Wartungspersonal erreichbar und einsehbar. Die besondere Erkenntnis der Erfindung liegt darin, eine entscheidende Verbesserung der rรคumlichen Verhรคltnisse zu erreichen, indem die Kabelstrรคnge durch die hochbelasteten Verbindungsstellen gefรผhrt werden.Under a recess in the connection point in particular an opening which is partially or completely enclosed, understood in the connection point. It is thus below the top of the machine carrier. The measure according to the invention thus means that the cables or cable strands inside the machine carrier, ie the rear carrier and the main carrier, are laid instead, as before, above or on the top of the machine carrier or centrally between the support arms of the rear carrier. Except for the points where the cables or harnesses are led out of the rear carrier to be connected to the generator or the other electrical components on the rear carrier, the cables or cable strands thus extend completely below the plane on which all Machine parts, In particular, the drive train, gearbox and electrical components are arranged and thus below the area in which maintenance and repair work is carried out. All mechanical and electrical components that are arranged on the machine carrier, thus trouble-free by maintenance personnel accessible and visible. The particular finding of the invention is to achieve a significant improvement of the spatial conditions by the cable strands are guided by the highly loaded joints.

Die Nutzung von Aussparungen an den Verbindungsstellen, die von Aussparungen in den Strukturen des Hecktrรคgers und des Haupttrรคgers an den Verbindungsstellen gebildet werden, hat den Vorteil, dass die Kabel und Kabelstrรคnge dicht an den mechanischen Strukturen von Hecktrรคger und Haupttrรคger entlang gefรผhrt werden und somit auch innerhalb der Maschinentrรคgerkonstruktion gut befestigbar sind und nicht oder kaum frei gefรผhrt werden, wodurch Beschรคdigungen der Kabel oder Kontaktverluste verhindert werden kรถnnen. AuรŸerdem dienen die Aussparungen als natรผrliche Engstellen, die eine besonders geeignete Bรผndelung und Befestigung von Kabeln bzw. Kabelstrรคngen erlauben. Unter einem Kabelstrang wird im Rahmen der Erfindung auch ein Kabelbaum verstanden.The use of recesses at the joints, which are formed by recesses in the structures of the rear carrier and the main carrier at the joints, has the advantage that the cables and cable strands are guided close to the mechanical structures of the rear carrier and main carrier and thus also within the machine carrier structure are well fastened and are not or hardly freely guided, whereby damage to the cable or loss of contact can be prevented. In addition, the recesses serve as natural bottlenecks, which allow a particularly suitable bundling and attachment of cables or cable strands. Under a cable harness is understood in the context of the invention, a wiring harness.

Unter Leistungskabeln und Steuerkabeln werden sowohl Starkstrom fรผhrende Kabel als auch Steuerkabel, Stromversorgungskabel und sรคmtliche weiteren Kabel, die in einer Gondel einer Windenergieanlage verwendet werden, im Rahmen der Erfindung verstanden.Power cables and control cables are understood as meaning both high-current cables and control cables, power supply cables and all other cables which are used in a nacelle of a wind turbine.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Hecktrรคger mittels eines Schraubenflansches mit dem Haupttrรคger verbunden oder an den Haupttrรคger angeschweiรŸt. In beiden Fรคllen ist es mรถglich, vorhandene Aussparungen an den entsprechenden Verbindungsstellen erfindungsgemรครŸ zum Durchfรผhren von Kabeln und/oder Kabelstrรคngen zu verwenden.Advantageously, the rear carrier is connected by means of a screw flange with the main carrier or welded to the main carrier. In both cases, it is possible to use existing recesses at the corresponding connection points according to the invention for the passage of cables and / or cable strands.

Ein Schraubenflansch oder eine SchweiรŸverbindungsstelle eines Haupttrรคgers oder eines Hecktrรคgers ist vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen C-fรถrmig, U-fรถrmig oder als geschlossener Querschnitt mit allseits umschlossener Aussparung ausgefรผhrt. Diese Formen ermรถglichen sowohl eine dauerhafte und stabile Verbindung als auch die Ausbildung einer Aussparung, die an zwei, drei oder mehr Seiten umschlossen ist. Dafรผr sind auch Verbindungen geeignet, die an zwei Seiten, beispielsweise oberhalb und unterhalb der Aussparung oder oberhalb und einseitig neben der Aussparung, also winkelfรถrmig, angeordnet sind.A screw flange or a weld joint of a main carrier or a rear carrier is preferably designed substantially C-shaped, U-shaped or as a closed cross-section with a recess enclosed on all sides. These forms allow both a permanent and stable connection as well as the formation of a recess which is enclosed on two, three or more sides. For connections are also suitable, which are arranged on two sides, for example above and below the recess or above and on one side next to the recess, ie angularly.

Eine stabile und vorteilhafte Ausbildung besteht darin, dass an zwei gegenรผberliegenden Seiten Verbindungsstellen zwischen Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger angeordnet sind. Es kรถnnen auch drei oder mehr Verbindungsstellen vorgesehen sein, die entweder in einer Ebene nebeneinander oder in mehreren Ebenen verteilt liegen. Hierzu ist vorzugsweise in einer Weiterbildung vorgesehen, dass beide oder mehrere Verbindungsstellen Aussparungen mit hindurch verlegten Kabeln oder Kabelstrรคngen aufweisen, wobei insbesondere Leistungskabel und Steuerkabel getrennt voneinander durch verschiedene Verbindungsstellen verlegt sind. Die Trennung von Leistungskabeln und Steuerkabeln verhindert zuverlรคssig das Einstreuen von Stรถrungen aus den Leistungskabeln in die Steuerkabel, die die Steuerung der Windenergieanlage stรถren kรถnnten.A stable and advantageous embodiment is that on two opposite sides connecting points between the main carrier and rear carrier are arranged. There may also be provided three or more connection points, which are distributed either in a plane next to each other or in several levels. For this purpose, it is preferably provided in a development that both or more connection points have recesses with cables or cable strands laid therethrough, wherein in particular power cables and control cables are laid separately from one another by different connection points. The separation of power cables and control cables reliably prevents the spread of interference from the power cables into the control cables, which could disturb the control of the wind turbine.

Vorzugsweise durchlรคuft wenigstens ein Kabel eine Verbindungsstelle bruchlos und/oder ist wenigstens ein Kabel im Hecktrรคger an oder im Bereich einer Verbindungsstelle mit einem Kabel im Haupttrรคger mittels eines Steckkontakts verbunden. Ein solches Kabel kann auch Teil eines Kabelstrangs sein. In einem solchen Fall sind insbesondere vorzugsweise sรคmtliche Kabel eines Kabelstrangs im Hecktrรคger mit den entsprechenden Kabeln eines Kabelstrangs im Haupttrรคger mittels Steckkontakten oder eines gemeinsamen Steckkontaktes an oder im Bereich einer Verbindungsstelle verbunden. Hierzu kann am Hecktrรคger oder am Haupttrรคger auch ein Steckverbindungspaneel fรผr eine Vielzahl von Steckverbindungen vorgesehen sein, das eine geordnete Verbindung der Kabel im Hecktrรคger und der Kabel im Haupttrรคger miteinander vereinfacht.Preferably, at least one cable runs through a junction without breakage and / or at least one cable in the rear carrier is connected to or in the region of a connection point with a cable in the main carrier by means of a plug contact. Such a cable may also be part of a cable harness. In such a case, in particular all cables of a cable harness in the rear carrier are preferably connected to the corresponding cables of a cable harness in the main carrier by means of plug contacts or a common plug contact at or in the region of a connection point. For this purpose, a Steckverbindungspaneel for a variety of connectors can be provided on the rear carrier or the main carrier, which simplifies an orderly connection of the cable in the rear carrier and the cable in the main carrier each other.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des Maschinentrรคgers sieht vor, dass wenigstens eine Kabelschiene fรผr den oder die Kabelstrรคnge im Haupttrรคger und/oder im Hecktrรคger angeordnet ist, wobei insbesondere die wenigstens eine Kabelschiene eine Verbindungstelle zwischen Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger durchlรคuft oder eine Kabelschiene im Haupttrรคger und eine Kabelschiene im Hecktrรคger an oder im Bereich einer Verbindungsstelle aufeinander stoรŸen. Unter einer Kabelschiene wird im Rahmen der Erfindung eine offene oder eine geschlossene Kabelschiene, insbesondere ein Kabelkanal, verstanden. Eine geschlossene Kabelschiene kann auch eine Kabelschiene mit Seitenwรคnden und Deckel, der abnehmbar sein kann, sein. Auch einfache Kabelschienen mit einer Leiterstruktur sind erfindungsgemรครŸ einsetzbar. Sie haben den Vorteil eines vergleichsweise geringen Gewichts und einer guten Zugรคnglichkeit der darauf gefรผhrten Kabel und Kabelstrรคnge. Bevorzugt sind Kabelschienen sowohl im Hecktrรคger als auch im Haupttrรคger vorhanden. Solche Kabelschienen kรถnnen entweder nach dem Zusammensetzen des Maschinentrรคgers aus Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger eingebaut werden und die Verbindungsstelle als Ganzes durchlaufen, oder die Kabelschienen werden zunรคchst separat im Haupttrรคger und im Hecktrรคger angebracht, so dass sie nach dem Zusammensetzen von Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger zum Maschinentrรคger an oder im Bereich der jeweiligen Verbindungsstelle aufeinander stoรŸen.A particularly advantageous development of the machine carrier provides that at least one cable rail for the cable harness or strands is arranged in the main carrier and / or in the rear carrier, wherein in particular the at least one cable rail passes through a connection point between the main carrier and the rear carrier or a cable rail in the main carrier and a cable rail in the rear carrier at or in the region of a joint abut each other. In the context of the invention, a cable rail is understood to mean an open or a closed cable rail, in particular a cable duct. A closed cable rail can also be a cable rail with side walls and cover which can be removable. Even simple cable rails with a conductor structure can be used according to the invention. They have the advantage of a comparatively low weight and good accessibility of the cables and cable runs carried thereon. Cable rails are preferably present both in the rear carrier and in the main carrier. Such cable rails can be installed either after assembly of the machine carrier of the main carrier and rear carrier and go through the joint as a whole, or the cable rails are initially separately mounted in the main carrier and the rear carrier so that they after assembly of the main carrier and rear carrier to the machine carrier on or Area of each junction encounter each other.

Im Hecktrรคger, der รผblicherweise aus Stahltrรคgern, Stahlrohren und รคhnlichem zusammengeschweiรŸt ist, kann eine Kabelschiene so befestigt werden, dass an den gewรผnschten Stellen beispielsweise Schraubรถsen fรผr die Kabelschiene an die entsprechenden Teile des Hecktrรคgers angeschweiรŸt werden. In dem Fall, dass bei einem Haupttrรคger geschweiรŸte Teile verwendet werden in Bereichen, in denen Kabelschienen verlegt werden sollen, ist die gleiche Vorgehensweise mรถglich. Falls der Haupttrรคger an diesen Stellen aus einem gegossenen Material besteht, kann in der Form eine glatte Wand vorgesehen sein, die nach dem GieรŸen mit mit Gewindebohrungen versehenen Sacklรถchern versehen wird. In diese Sacklรถcher kรถnnen dann Schraubverbindungen fรผr die Kabelschienen eingefรผgt werden.In the rear carrier, which is usually welded together from steel beams, steel pipes and the like, a cable rail can be fixed so that at the desired locations, for example, eyelets for the cable rail are welded to the corresponding parts of the rear carrier. In the case that welded parts are used in a main carrier in areas where cable rails are to be laid, the same procedure is possible. If the main beam is made of a cast material at these locations, a smooth wall may be provided in the mold after tapping provided blind holes provided. Screw connections for the cable rails can then be inserted into these blind holes.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird auรŸerdem durch eine Windenergieanlage mit einem vorbeschriebenen erfindungsgemรครŸen Maschinentrรคger mit Verkabelung gelรถst.The object underlying the invention is also achieved by a wind turbine with a previously described machine support according to the invention with wiring.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird ferner durch ein Verfahren zum Verlegen eines Kabels und/oder eines Kabelstrangs an einem, insbesondere vorbeschriebenen erfindungsgemรครŸen, Maschinentrรคger einer Windenergieanlage gelรถst, wobei aus einem Haupttrรคger und einem Hecktrรคger durch Verbinden an wenigstens einer Verbindungsstelle an einer Heckseite des Haupttrรคgers ein Maschinentrรคger hergestellt wird, wobei das Verfahren dadurch weitergebildet ist, dass durch eine Aussparung in der Verbindungsstelle wenigstens ein Kabel und/oder wenigstens ein Kabelstrang mit Leistungskabeln und/oder mit Steuerkabeln verlegt wird. Dieses erfindungsgemรครŸe Verfahren fรผhrt zu dem erfindungsgemรครŸen vorstehend beschriebenen Maschinentrรคger mit erfindungsgemรครŸer Verkabelung und hat daher die gleichen Vorteile wie der erfindungsgemรครŸe Maschinentrรคger. In der Herstellung des Maschinentrรคgers bzw. dem Verlegen der Verkabelung hat diese Vorgehensweise den Vorteil, dass sie unabhรคngig von bereits installierten Maschinenkomponenten auf der Oberseite des Maschinentrรคgers bzw. von noch zu installierenden Maschinenkomponenten erfolgt und somit eine schnelle und unkomplizierte Verlegungsmethode darstellt.The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a method for laying a cable and / or a cable harness on a, in particular above-described invention, machine support a wind turbine, wherein a main carrier and a rear carrier by connecting to at least one connection point on a rear side of the main carrier a machine carrier is produced, wherein the method is further developed in that at least one cable and / or at least one cable harness with power cables and / or with control cables is laid through a recess in the connection point. This method according to the invention leads to the above-described machine carrier according to the invention with cabling according to the invention and therefore has the same advantages as the machine carrier according to the invention. In the production of the machine carrier or the laying of the wiring, this approach has the advantage that it is independent of already installed machine components on the top of the machine carrier or of machine components still to be installed and thus represents a fast and straightforward transfer method.

Das Verbinden von Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Verschrauben von Schraubenflanschen oder durch VerschweiรŸen.The connection of main carrier and rear carrier is preferably carried out by screwing of screw flanges or by welding.

Vorteilhafterweise werden mehrere Kabel und/oder Kabelstrรคnge getrennt voneinander durch verschiedene Verbindungsstellen zwischen Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger verlegt, insbesondere Leistungskabel getrennt von Steuerkabeln. So werden Stรถrungen, die von Leistungsspitzen in den Leistungskabeln ausgehen und die auf die Steuerkabel wirken, minimiert.Advantageously, several cables and / or cable strands are laid separately from each other by different connection points between the main carrier and rear carrier, in particular power cable separated from control cables. This minimizes noise caused by power peaks in the power cables that affect the control cables.

In einer bevorzugten Ausbildung des Verfahrens wird wenigstens ein Kabel bruchlos durch eine Verbindungsstelle verlegt und/oder wird wenigstens ein Kabel im Haupttrรคger mittels eines Steckkontakts an oder im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle mit wenigstens einem Kabel im Hecktrรคger verbunden. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist auch vorgesehen, dass einige Kabel bruchlos die Verbindungsstellen durchlaufen, wรคhrend andere Kabel eine Kontaktstelle zwischen Hecktrรคger und Haupttrรคger aufweisen. Dies kann nach den Gegebenheiten der elektrischen Komponenten und der Vorgehensweise beim Herstellen der Verkabelung frei gewรคhlt werden. Eine bruchlose Kabelfรผhrung hat den Vorteil einer stรถrungsfreien Kabelverlegung und einer Vermeidung von Kontaktstellen, die potenzielle Leitungsunterbrechungen bedeuten. Die Verwendung von Steckkontakten oder Paneelen mit Steckkontakten hat den Vorteil der Flexibilitรคt und der Mรถglichkeit, Kabel bereits am Hecktrรคger und am Haupttrรคger zu verlegen, bevor diese zu einem Maschinentrรคger zusammengefรผgt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the method, at least one cable is laid without breakage through a connection point and / or at least one cable in the main carrier is connected by means of a plug contact to or in the region of the connection point with at least one cable in the rear carrier. In the context of the invention, it is also provided that some cables pass through the junctions without break, while other cables have a contact point between the rear carrier and the main carrier. This can be freely selected according to the conditions of the electrical components and the procedure for establishing the wiring. Brushless cable management has the advantage of trouble-free cable routing and avoidance of contact points, which can cause potential line breaks. The use of plug contacts or panels with plug contacts has the advantage of flexibility and the ability to lay cables already on the rear carrier and on the main carrier before they are assembled into a machine carrier.

Vorzugsweise werden vor oder nach dem Verbinden von Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger Kabelschienen fรผr die Kabel und/oder Kabelstrรคnge am Haupttrรคger und/oder am Hecktrรคger befestigt, die Haupttrรคger und/oder Hecktrรคger durchlaufen oder an oder im Bereich einer Verbindungsstelle zwischen Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger aufeinander stoรŸen. Die Kabelschienen sind in diesem Fall so angeordnet, dass die Verlegung der Kabel bzw. Kabelstrรคnge jeweils durch die Aussparung an den Verbindungsstellen erfolgt.Preferably, before or after connecting the main carrier and rear carrier cable rails for the cables and / or cable strands attached to the main carrier and / or on the rear carrier, the main carrier and / or rear carrier go through or at or in the region of a junction between the main carrier and rear carrier abut each other. The cable rails are arranged in this case so that the laying of the cables or cable strands respectively through the recess at the connection points.

Vorteilhafterweise wird das wenigstens eine Kabel und/oder der wenigstens eine Kabelstrang vor oder nach dem Verbinden von Haupttrรคger und Hecktrรคger zum Maschinentrรคger durch die wenigstens eine Aussparung der wenigstens einen Verbindungsstelle verlegt.Advantageously, the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness is laid before or after the connection of main carrier and rear carrier to the machine carrier through the at least one recess of the at least one connection point.

AuรŸerdem ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, dass das Verlegen des wenigstens einen Kabels und/oder des wenigstens einen Kabelstrangs am Boden, beispielsweise in einer Werkhalle, und/oder in einer Gondel einer Windenergieanlage erfolgt. Das Verlegen am Boden, insbesondere in einer Werkhalle, hat den Vorteil, dass genรผgend Platz und Bewegungsfreiheit zum Verlegen von Kabeln bzw. Kabelstrรคngen vorhanden ist. Das Verlegen von Kabeln oder Kabelstrรคngen in der an der Spitze eines Turms angeordneten Gondel hat den Vorteil, dass weniger Gewicht mittels eines Krans auf die Spitze einer Windenergieanlage gehievt werden muss. Es ist auch mรถglich, einen Teil oder einen GroรŸteil der Verkabelung ebenerdig zu verlegen und beispielsweise nachtrรคgliche Verkabelung auch noch in der Gondel zu verlegen.In addition, it is advantageously provided that the laying of the at least one cable and / or the at least one cable harness on the ground, for example in a workshop, and / or carried out in a nacelle of a wind turbine. The laying on the ground, especially in a workshop, has the advantage that there is enough space and freedom of movement for laying cables or cable strands. The laying of cables or cable strands in the nacelle arranged at the top of a tower has the advantage that less weight must be heaved by means of a crane to the top of a wind turbine. It is also possible to lay a part or a majority of the wiring at ground level and, for example, also to lay subsequent wiring in the nacelle.

Die zu den Erfindungsgegenstรคnden, d.h. dem Maschinentrรคger, der Windenergieanlage und dem Verfahren genannten Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile gelten uneingeschrรคnkt auch fรผr die jeweils anderen Erfindungsgegenstรคnde. Dies gilt auรŸerdem auch fรผr einen erfindungsgemรครŸen Haupttrรคger bzw. fรผr einen erfindungsgemรครŸen Hecktrรคger, die jeweils bereits vor dem Verbinden zu einem Maschinentrรคger ausgerรผstet sein kรถnnen, um Kabel oder Kabelstrรคnge aufzunehmen und zu Aussparungen in Verbindungsstellen zum jeweils anderen Trรคgerteil zu fรผhren, insbesondere mittels vorbereiteten Kabelschienen oder anderen Befestigungselementen fรผr Kabel oder Kabelstrรคnge.The features, properties and advantages mentioned with regard to the subject matter of the invention, ie the machine carrier, the wind energy installation and the method, also apply unrestrictedly to the respective other subjects of the invention. This also applies to a main carrier according to the invention or for a rear carrier according to the invention, which may each be equipped before connecting to a machine support to accommodate cables or cable strands and to lead recesses in connection points to each other support member, in particular by means of prepared cable rails or other fasteners for cables or harnesses.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschrรคnkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausfรผhrungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben, wobei bezรผglich aller im Text nicht nรคher erlรคuterten erfindungsgemรครŸen Einzelheiten ausdrรผcklich auf die Zeichnungen verwiesen wird. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Gondel einer Windenergieanlage,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines Maschinentrรคgers,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung eines Haupttrรคgers und eines Hecktrรคgers,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung des Haupttrรคgers gemรครŸ Fig. 2 und 3,
Fig. 5
eine schematische Darstellung des Hecktrรคgers gemรครŸ Fig. 2 und 3 und
Fig. 6
eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung des Maschinentrรคgers gemรครŸ Fig. 2 und 3 mit Kabelschienen.
The invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive idea by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings, reference being expressly made to the drawings with respect to all in the text unspecified details of the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a nacelle of a wind turbine,
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a machine carrier,
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a main carrier and a rear carrier,
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of the main carrier according to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
Fig. 5
a schematic representation of the rear carrier according to FIGS. 2 and 3 and
Fig. 6
a schematic perspective view of the machine carrier according to FIGS. 2 and 3 with cable rails.

In den folgenden Figuren sind jeweils gleiche oder gleichartige Elemente bzw. entsprechende Teile mit denselben Bezugsziffern versehen, so dass von einer entsprechenden erneuten Vorstellung abgesehen wird.In the following figures, identical or similar elements or corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a corresponding renewed idea is dispensed with.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Gondel 1 einer Windenergieanlage schematisch von der Seite dargestellt. An die Gondel 1 schlieรŸt sich eine Rotornabe 2 mit drei Rotorblattanschlรผssen 3 fรผr Rotorblรคtter 4 an. Ein Rotorblatt 4 ist mit seinem blattwurzelseitigen Ende dargestellt. Die Rotorblattanschlรผsse 3 weisen jeweils Flansche zum Anschluss eines Rotorblatts 4 und Blattwinkelverstellvorrichtungen zur Einstellung und Feststellung des Rotorblattwinkels auf. Ein Flansch ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 5 versehen.In Fig. 1 a nacelle 1 of a wind turbine is shown schematically from the side. The gondola 1 is followed by a rotor hub 2 with three rotor blade connections 3 for rotor blades 4. One Rotor blade 4 is shown with its blade root end. The rotor blade connections 3 each have flanges for connecting a rotor blade 4 and blade angle adjustment devices for setting and determining the rotor blade angle. A flange is provided with the reference numeral 5.

Innerhalb der Gondel 1 schlieรŸt sich an die Rotornabe 2 eine Lagerung 6 einer langsamen Rotorwelle an, die direkt mit der Rotornabe 2 verbunden ist. Die langsame Welle ist mit einem Getriebe 7 verbunden, mit dem die Drehzahl der langsamen Rotorwelle heraufgesetzt und auf eine schnelle Welle รผbertragen wird. Die schnelle Welle, die sich an das Getriebe 7 anschlieรŸt, fรผhrt zu einem Generator 8, der am heckseitigen Ende der Gondel 1 angeordnet ist. Ebenfalls dargestellt ist ein Schaltschrank 9, der elektrische Komponenten aufweist. Es kann auch ein Umrichter in der Gondel vorgesehen sein, der den durch den Generator 8 erzeugten elektrischen Strom so anpasst, dass er in ein privates oder รถffentliches Stromnetz eingespeist werden kann.Within the nacelle 1, a bearing 6 of a slow rotor shaft connects to the rotor hub 2, which is connected directly to the rotor hub 2. The slow shaft is connected to a gear 7, with which the speed of the slow rotor shaft is increased and transmitted to a fast shaft. The fast shaft, which adjoins the transmission 7, leads to a generator 8, which is arranged at the rear end of the nacelle 1. Also shown is a control cabinet 9, which has electrical components. An inverter may also be provided in the nacelle, which adjusts the electrical power generated by the generator 8 so that it can be fed into a private or public power grid.

Im unteren Bereich der Gondel 1 ist ein Maschinentrรคger mit einem Haupttrรคger 10 und einem Hecktrรคger 11 dargestellt. Der Haupttrรคger 10 unterstรผtzt die Lagerung 6 der langsamen Welle sowie die Rotornabe 2 und das Getriebe 7. Der Hecktrรคger 11 trรคgt elektrische Komponenten wie den Generator 8, Steuerungs- und Schaltschrรคnke sowie gegebenenfalls einen Transformator und den Umrichter 9. Zur azimutalen Drehung, dass heiรŸt zur Drehung der Gondel 1 auf der Lรคngsachse des Turms 13, sind am Haupttrรคger 10 Azimutantriebe 12 angeordnet, die รผber ein Zahnrad und Zahnkranzgetriebe die Gondel 1 auf dem Turm 13 drehen.In the lower part of the nacelle 1, a machine carrier with a main carrier 10 and a rear carrier 11 is shown. The main carrier 10 supports the support 6 of the slow shaft and the rotor hub 2 and the gearbox 7. The rear carrier 11 carries electrical components such as the generator 8, control and switching cabinets and optionally a transformer and the inverter 9. For azimuthal rotation, that is to Rotation of the nacelle 1 on the longitudinal axis of the tower 13, 10 azimuth drives 12 are arranged on the main carrier, which rotate the nacelle 1 on the tower 13 via a gear and sprocket gear.

Die Gondel 1 verfรผgt an ihrem heckseitigen Ende auรŸerdem รผber Windsensorik und einen Blitzschutz 14. Ein weiterer, nicht dargestellter Blitzschutz ist รผblicherweise im Bereich des รœbergangs zwischen der Gondel 1 und der Rotornabe 2 angeordnet, um Blitzeinschlรคge aus dem Rotorblatt in den Turm abzuleiten.The nacelle 1 has at its rear end also wind sensor and lightning protection 14. Another, not shown Lightning protection is usually arranged in the region of the transition between the nacelle 1 and the rotor hub 2 in order to derive lightning strikes from the rotor blade into the tower.

Der Haupttrรคger 10 ist bevorzugt aus einem Gusskรถrper und/oder aus Stahl hergestellt, der eine ausreichende Festigkeit zum Tragen der auf dem Haupttrรคger 10 ruhenden Komponenten aufweist und dessen vergleichsweise weiche Materialeigenschaften zu einer Dรคmpfung von Schwingungen, die wรคhrend des Betriebs der Windenergieanlage fortwรคhrend auftreten, gut geeignet ist. Insbesondere ist der Gusstrรคger durch seine kerbfreie Geometrie besonders widerstandsfรคhig gegenรผber Ermรผdungsbelastungen, die aus dem Rotor in den Turm รผbertragen werden mรผssen.The main carrier 10 is preferably made of a cast body and / or of steel which has sufficient strength to support the components resting on the main carrier 10 and whose comparatively soft material properties are good for damping vibrations that continually occur during operation of the wind turbine suitable is. In particular, the Gus carrier is particularly resistant to fatigue loads due to its notch-free geometry, which must be transferred from the rotor into the tower.

Der Hecktrรคger ist bevorzugt aus Stahlteilen geschweiรŸt und nimmt die Gewichtskrรคfte und Drehmomente des Generators 8 sowie des Schaltschranks 9 auf und รผbertrรคgt sie mittels einer Verbindung zwischen dem Haupttrรคger 10 und dem Hecktrรคger 11 auf den Haupttrรคger 10 und den Turm 13. Der Hecktrรคger 11 ist als einseitig eingespannter Kragarm ausreichend steif ausgefรผhrt, so dass ein Einfedern des Generators 8 im Betrieb sicher vermieden wird. In einer alternativen Ausfรผhrungsform kann der Stahltrรคger auch als Gussteil ausgefรผhrt sein, was insbesondere bei groรŸen Stรผckzahlen eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung ermรถglicht.The rear carrier is preferably welded from steel parts and absorbs the weight forces and torques of the generator 8 and the control cabinet 9 and transmits them by means of a connection between the main carrier 10 and the rear carrier 11 on the main carrier 10 and the tower 13. The rear carrier 11 is one-sided clamped cantilever executed sufficiently rigid, so that compression of the generator 8 during operation is reliably avoided. In an alternative embodiment, the steel beam may also be designed as a cast part, which enables economical production, especially in the case of large numbers of pieces.

In Fig. 2 bis Fig. 6 ist ein erfindungsgemรครŸer Maschinentrรคger bzw. sind dessen Komponenten Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 des Maschinentrรคgers jeweils im Detail schematisch dargestellt.In Fig. 2 to Fig. 6 is a machine carrier according to the invention or its components main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 of the machine frame are each shown schematically in detail.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Perspektivdarstellung des Maschinentrรคgers dargestellt, wobei der Haupttrรคger 10 an seinem vorderen, also rotornabenseitigen Ende einen Lagerblock 22 fรผr ein Rotor-Hauptlager aufweist. Seitlich hierzu schlieรŸen sich Halterungen 21 fรผr Azimutantriebe 12 an. An der Unterseite ist ein Azimutflansch 23 mit einem nicht dargestellten Lochkreis fรผr die Turmanbindung des Haupttrรคgers 10 erkennbar. Der Durchmesser des Lochkreises entspricht in grober Nรคherung dem AuรŸendurchmesser des Turmes.In Fig. 2 a perspective view of the machine carrier is shown, wherein the main carrier 10 at its front, ie the rotor hub end end of a bearing block 22 for a rotor main bearing having. Laterally, this is followed by brackets 21 for azimuth drives 12. At the bottom of an azimuth flange 23 with a bolt circle, not shown, for the Turmanbindung of the main carrier 10 can be seen. The diameter of the bolt circle corresponds roughly to the outer diameter of the tower.

In Fig. 2 ist weiter zu sehen, dass sich lรคngsseitig zwei symmetrische Verbindungsstรผcke 24 zu einem Hecktrรคger 11 anschlieรŸen, die jeweils in einen Schraubenflansch 25 mรผnden. In der dargestellten Ausfรผhrungsform besteht der Hecktrรคger 11 aus zwei Hecktragarmen 32, die jeweils an einem der Verbindungsstรผcke 24 befestigt werden. Die vorliegende Erfindung erfasst auch den Fall, dass ein Hecktrรคger 11 mit drei oder mehr Hecktragarmen 32 ausgefรผhrt ist.In Fig. 2 It can also be seen that two symmetrical connecting pieces 24 adjoin each other at the longitudinal side to form a rear carrier 11, each opening into a screw flange 25. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear carrier 11 consists of two rear support arms 32, which are each attached to one of the connectors 24. The present invention also covers the case that a rear carrier 11 is configured with three or more rear support arms 32.

Der Hecktrรคger 11 ist mit dem Haupttrรคger 10 รผber einen passenden Schraubenflansch 35, der auf dem Schraubenflansch 25 des Haupttrรคgers 10 aufliegt, mittels Verbindungsschrauben 34 verbunden, die auch Schraubbolzen sein kรถnnen. Die Verbindungsstelle aus Schraubenflansch 25 und Schraubenflansch 35 weist, wie auf der rechten Seite von Fig. 2 zu sehen ist, eine allseits umschlossene Aussparung 33 auf, durch die Kabel und/oder Kabelstrรคnge oder Kabelbรคume hindurch gefรผhrt werden kรถnnen.The rear carrier 11 is connected to the main carrier 10 via a matching screw flange 35 which rests on the screw flange 25 of the main carrier 10 by means of connecting screws 34, which may also be bolts. The junction of the screw flange 25 and screw flange 35 has, as on the right side of Fig. 2 can be seen, a recessed recess 33 on all sides, can be passed through the cable and / or cable strands or wiring harnesses.

Der auslegende Hecktrรคger 11 weist am Ende der Tragarme 32 Standflรคchen 31 fรผr Maschinenkomponenten, beispielsweise einen Generator, auf.The ausergende rear carrier 11 has at the end of the support arms 32 footprints 31 for machine components, such as a generator on.

In Fig. 3 ist eine รคhnliche Ansicht wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, wobei Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 in dieser perspektivischen schematischen Darstellung nicht miteinander verbunden sind. Es ist zu erkennen, dass der Schraubenflansch 25 des Haupttrรคgers 10 Aussparungen 26 aufweist an den Verbindungsstellen, die zueinander symmetrisch sind und allseits umschlossen sind. Die Schraubenflansche 35 des Hecktrรคgers 11 weisen Aussparungen 33 auf, die an drei Seiten umschlossen sind, wรคhrend die Aussparungen 33 nach innen offen sind. Die Schraubenflansche 35 des Hecktrรคgers sind somit im Wesentlichen C-fรถrmig.In Fig. 3 is a similar view as in Fig. 2 shown, wherein the main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 are not connected to each other in this perspective schematic view. It can be seen that the screw flange 25 of the main carrier 10 has recesses 26 at the connection points to each other are symmetrical and are enclosed on all sides. The screw flanges 35 of the rear carrier 11 have recesses 33 which are enclosed on three sides, while the recesses 33 are open inwards. The screw flanges 35 of the rear carrier are thus substantially C-shaped.

Die Tragarme 32 sind, wie aus Fig. 3 ebenfalls erkennbar ist, im Querschnitt ebenfalls im Wesentlichen C-fรถrmig. Damit kรถnnen Kabel oder Kabelstrรคnge innerhalb der C-fรถrmigen Profile der Tragarme 32 des Hecktrรคgers ebenso wie in den im Wesentlichen C-fรถrmigen Profilen des Haupttrรคgers 10 sicher angeordnet und gehaltert werden.The support arms 32 are as out Fig. 3 can also be seen, in cross-section also substantially C-shaped. Thus, cables or harnesses within the C-shaped profiles of the support arms 32 of the rear carrier as well as in the substantially C-shaped profiles of the main carrier 10 can be securely arranged and supported.

In Fig. 4 ist ein erfindungsgemรครŸer Haupttrรคger 10 im Detail dargestellt. Es ist erkennbar, dass die Schraubenflansche 25 eine im Wesentlichen formkomplementรคre Form zu den Schraubenflanschen 35 eines dazu passenden Hecktrรคgers 11 gemรครŸ Fig. 5 aufweisen. Die Flรคchen der Schraubenflansche 25 und 35 sind im Wesentlichen eben und weisen an den entsprechenden Stellen Schraubenlรถcher 36 fรผr Verbindungsschrauben 34 auf.In Fig. 4 a main carrier 10 according to the invention is shown in detail. It can be seen that the screw flanges 25 have a substantially complementary shape to the screw flanges 35 of a mating rear carrier 11 according to FIG Fig. 5 exhibit. The surfaces of the screw flanges 25 and 35 are substantially planar and have screw holes 36 for connecting screws 34 at the corresponding locations.

Sowohl in dem Haupttrรคger 10 gemรครŸ Fig. 4 als auch in dem Hecktrรคger 11 gemรครŸ Fig. 5 ist ausreichend Platz vorhanden, so dass eine Verlegung von Kabeln, Kabelstrรคngen und/oder Kabelbรคumen, insbesondere vor dem Installieren in einer Gondel in einer Windenergieanlage, problemlos erfolgen kann. Die Lรคnge eines kompletten Maschinentrรคgers mit Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 ist in modernen Windenergieanlagen 10 m oder mehr.Both in the main carrier 10 according to Fig. 4 as well as in the rear carrier 11 according to Fig. 5 If there is sufficient space, so that a laying of cables, harnesses and / or harnesses, especially before installing in a nacelle in a wind turbine, can be done easily. The length of a complete machine carrier with main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 is 10 m or more in modern wind turbines.

In Fig. 6 ist schlieรŸlich eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines Maschinentrรคgers mit Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 dargestellt wie in Fig. 2, wobei in diesem Fall Kabelschienen 41, 42 im Inneren des Maschinentrรคgers dargestellt sind.In Fig. 6 Finally, another schematic perspective view of a machine carrier with main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 is shown as in Fig. 2 , in which case cable rails 41, 42 are shown inside the machine carrier.

Die รผbereinander angeordneten Kabelschienen 41, 42 beginnen am Hecktrรคger 11 und verlaufen an einer Seitenwand des Hecktrรคgers 11 in einem Tragarm 32 รผbereinander. Es handelt sich bei der dargestellten Form um geschlossene Kabelschienen 41, 42 mit jeweils einem abnehmbaren Deckel, in dem die Kabel bzw. Kabelstrรคnge verlegt sind. Diese Kabelschienen zusammen mit den darin verlegten Kabeln und Kabelstrรคngen verlaufen durch die Aussparung an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen Hecktrรคger 11 und Haupttrรคger 10. Je nach spezifischem Anwendungsfall werden statt der geschlossenen Kabelschienen auch offene Kabelstrรคnge genutzt, was den Vorteil der einfacheren Zugรคnglichkeit und somit auch einfacheren Fehlersuche bietet. Die obere Kabelschiene 41 verlรคuft innerhalb des Haupttrรคgers 10 weiter bis zum Azimutflansch fรผr die Turmanbindung, der in Fig. 6 nicht sichtbar ist, so dass die darin verlegten Leistungskabel in den Turm weiter verlaufen. Der รœbergang in den Turm ist so gestaltet, dass eine ein- oder mehrmalige Drehung der Gondel auf dem Turm mรถglich ist.The superposed cable rails 41, 42 begin at the rear carrier 11 and extend on a side wall of the rear carrier 11 in a support arm 32 one above the other. It is in the illustrated form to closed cable rails 41, 42, each with a removable lid in which the cables or cable strands are laid. These cable rails together with the cables and cable runs laid therein run through the recess at the junction between the rear carrier 11 and main carrier 10. Depending on the specific application, open cable strands are used instead of the closed cable rails, which offers the advantage of easier accessibility and thus easier troubleshooting , The upper cable rail 41 extends within the main carrier 10 further to the Azimutflansch for Turmanbindung, the in Fig. 6 is not visible, so that the power cables laid therein in the tower continue. The transition into the tower is designed so that one or more turns of the nacelle on the tower is possible.

Die untere Kabelschiene 42 verlรคuft ebenfalls durch die Aussparung aus dem Hecktrรคger 11 in den Haupttrรคger 10 und enthรคlt Steuerkabel, einschlieรŸlich Stromversorgungskabel fรผr die elektrischen Komponenten auf dem Hecktrรคger und verlรคuft innerhalb des Haupttrรคgers 10 getrennt von der Kabelschiene 41.The lower cable rail 42 also extends through the recess of the rear carrier 11 in the main carrier 10 and includes control cables, including power cables for the electrical components on the rear carrier and extends within the main carrier 10 separately from the cable rail 41st

Die Kabelschienen 41, 42 kรถnnen bereits vor Zusammenfรผgen von Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 am Haupttrรคger und am Haupttrรคger 11 befestigt werden, so dass sie im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle aneinander stoรŸen, oder sie kรถnnen nach Zusammenfรผgen von Haupttrรคger 10 und Hecktrรคger 11 verlegt werden, so dass sie durch die Verbindungsstelle verlaufen. Mit den, insbesondere geschlossenen, Kabelschienen 41, 42 sind die Kabel, die darin verlegt sind, wirkungsvoll aus dem Weg gerรคumt und geschรผtzt, so dass die Verkabelung gesichert ist und mehr Platz fรผr Wartungsarbeiten und direkter Zugang zu den anderen Komponenten der Windenergieanlage auf dem Maschinentrรคger vorhanden ist.The cable rails 41, 42 can already be attached to the main carrier and the main carrier 11 prior to assembly of main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11 so that they abut each other in the region of the joint, or they can be installed after joining of the main carrier 10 and rear carrier 11, so that they pass through the junction. With the, in particular closed cable rails 41, 42, the cables laid therein are effectively cleared and protected from the way, so that the wiring is secured and more space for maintenance and direct access to the other components of the wind turbine on the machine frame is present.

BezuaszeichenlisteBezuaszeichenliste

11
Gondelgondola
22
Rotornaberotor hub
33
RotorblattanschlussRotor blade connection
44
Rotorblattrotor blade
55
Flanschflange
66
Lagerung der langsamen RotorwelleStorage of the slow rotor shaft
77
Getriebetransmission
88th
Generatorgenerator
99
Schaltschrankswitch cabinet
1010
Haupttrรคgermain carrier
1111
Hecktrรคgerrear carrier
1212
Azimutantriebazimuth drive
1313
Turmtower
1414
Blitzschutzlightning protection
2121
Halterung fรผr AzimutantriebeMount for azimuth drives
2222
Lagerblock fรผr Rotor-HauptlagerBearing block for rotor main bearing
2323
Azimutflansch fรผr TurmanbindungAzimutflansch for Turmanbindung
2424
Verbindungsstรผck zum HecktrรคgerConnector to the rear carrier
2525
Schraubenflanschscrew flange
2626
Aussparungrecess
2727
Schraubenlochscrew hole
3131
Standflรคchenbooths
3232
TragarmBeam
3333
Aussparungrecess
3434
Verbindungsschraubeconnecting screw
3535
Schraubenflanschscrew flange
3636
Schraubenlochscrew hole
4141
Kabelschienecable rail
4242
Kabelschienecable rail

Claims (15)

  1. A machine support (10, 11) for a wind turbine with cabling, wherein the machine support (10, 11) includes a main carrier (10) and a rear carrier (11), which is connected at at least one joint to the rear side of the main carrier (10), wherein the cabling includes at least one cable and/or at least one cable harness with power cables and/or with control cables, which is laid between the main carrier (10) and the rear carrier (11), characterised in that an opening (26, 33) is disposed in the joint, through which at least one cable and/or the at least one cable harness is laid.
  2. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the rear carrier (11) is connected to the main carrier (10) by means of a screw flange or is welded to the main carrier (10).
  3. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a screw flange (25, 35) or a weld joint of a main carrier (10) or of a rear carrier (11) is constructed substantially of C shape, U shape or as a closed cross-section with an opening (26, 33) surrounded on all sides.
  4. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claims 1 to 3, characterised in that joints between the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11) are disposed on two opposing sides.
  5. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that both joints have openings with cables or cable harnesses laid through them, wherein, in particular, power cables and control cables are laid separately from one another through different joints.
  6. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterised in that at least one cable passes through a joint without interruption and/or that at least one cable in the rear carrier (11) is connected at or in the region of a joint with a cable in the main support (10) by means of a plug contact.
  7. A machine support (10, 11) as claimed in claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one cable rail (41, 42) for the cable harness(es) is arranged in the main carrier (10) and/or in the rear carrier (11), wherein, in particular, the at least one cable rail (41, 42) passes through a joint between the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11) or a cable rail (41, 42) in the main carrier (10) and a cable rail (41, 42) in the rear carrier (11) abut against one another at or in the region of a joint.
  8. A wind turbine with a machine support (10, 11) with cabling as claimed in claims 1 to 7.
  9. A method of laying a cable and/or a cable harness on a machine support (10, 11) for a wind turbine, particularly as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a machine support (10, 11) is produced from a main carrier (10) and a rear carrier (11) by connecting them at at least one joint at a rear side of the main carrier (10), characterised in that:
    at least one cable and/or at least one cable harness with power cables and/or with control cables is laid through an opening (26, 33) in the joint.
  10. A method as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that the connection of the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11) is effected by screwing screw flanges (25, 35) or by welding.
  11. A method as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterised in that a plurality of cables and/or cable harnesses are laid separately from one another through different joints between the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11), particularly power cables separately from control cables.
  12. A method as claimed in one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that at least one cable is laid continuously through a joint and/or that at least one cable in the main carrier (10) is connected by means of a plug contact at or in the region of the joint to at least one cable in the rear carrier (11).
  13. A method as claimed in one of claims 9 to 12, characterised in that before or after connecting the main carrier (10) and the rear carrier (11), cable rails (41, 42) for the cables and/or cable harnesses are connected to the main carrier (10) and/or the rear carrier (11), which pass through the main carrier (10) and/or rear carrier (11) or butt against one another at or in the region of a joint between the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11).
  14. A method as claimed in one of claims 9 to 13, characterised in that at least one cable and/or at least one cable harness is laid through the at least one opening (26, 33) at the at least one joint before or after connecting the main carrier (10) and rear carrier (11) to form the machine support.
  15. A method as claimed in one of claims 9 to 14, characterised in that the laying of the at least one cable and/or of the at least one cable harness is performed on the ground and/or in a housing of a wind turbine.
EP12715601.6A 2011-04-21 2012-04-11 Mainframe of a wind turbine generator system with cabling and method for laying a loom of cables on a mainframe of a wind turbine generator system Active EP2699799B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011007836A DE102011007836B3 (en) 2011-04-21 2011-04-21 Machine carrier of a wind turbine with wiring and method for laying a cable harness on a machine carrier of a wind turbine
PCT/EP2012/001565 WO2012143099A1 (en) 2011-04-21 2012-04-11 Mainframe of a wind turbine generator system with cabling and method for laying a loom of cables on a mainframe of a wind turbine generator system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2699799A1 EP2699799A1 (en) 2014-02-26
EP2699799B1 true EP2699799B1 (en) 2015-01-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12715601.6A Active EP2699799B1 (en) 2011-04-21 2012-04-11 Mainframe of a wind turbine generator system with cabling and method for laying a loom of cables on a mainframe of a wind turbine generator system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2699799B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011007836B3 (en)
DK (1) DK2699799T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2534901T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2012143099A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, โ€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11286914B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2022-03-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Nacelle base frame assembly for a wind turbine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, โ€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10465664B2 (en) * 2017-07-20 2019-11-05 General Electric Company Method for replacing a generator frame of a wind turbine
DK3447283T3 (en) * 2017-08-22 2022-03-07 Nordex Energy Se & Co Kg NACELLE FOR A WIND TURBINE AND GENERATOR CONSOLE
EP3789610A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-10 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Support structure for a nacelle of a wind turbine
EP4155537A1 (en) * 2021-09-27 2023-03-29 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Wind turbine support assembly and wind turbine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004046700B4 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-08-17 Aloys Wobben Wind turbine with a generator cooling
DE102007009575B4 (en) * 2007-02-22 2018-01-25 Nordex Energy Gmbh Wind turbine with a machine house
DE102008052412A1 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-22 Aerodyn Energiesysteme Gmbh Bearing housing for the storage of the rotor shaft of a wind turbine
WO2011015215A1 (en) * 2009-08-05 2011-02-10 Powerwind Gmbh Shear cleat for a wind power plant
DE102010002828B4 (en) * 2010-03-12 2016-03-31 Senvion Gmbh Method for producing a machine carrier for a wind turbine, machine carrier and wind turbine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, โ€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11286914B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2022-03-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Nacelle base frame assembly for a wind turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2534901T3 (en) 2015-04-29
DE102011007836B3 (en) 2012-10-04
WO2012143099A1 (en) 2012-10-26
DK2699799T3 (en) 2015-03-23
EP2699799A1 (en) 2014-02-26

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