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EP2645378B1 - Elektrische Vorrichtung mit Isolatoren - Google Patents

Elektrische Vorrichtung mit Isolatoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2645378B1
EP2645378B1 EP12161172.7A EP12161172A EP2645378B1 EP 2645378 B1 EP2645378 B1 EP 2645378B1 EP 12161172 A EP12161172 A EP 12161172A EP 2645378 B1 EP2645378 B1 EP 2645378B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
distance
fins
electric device
fin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12161172.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2645378A1 (de
Inventor
Gianluca Cortinovis
Giorgio Moriconi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP12161172.7A priority Critical patent/EP2645378B1/de
Priority to RU2013110501A priority patent/RU2615979C2/ru
Priority to CN201310097881.9A priority patent/CN103368095B/zh
Priority to BR102013007028-9A priority patent/BR102013007028B1/pt
Publication of EP2645378A1 publication Critical patent/EP2645378A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2645378B1 publication Critical patent/EP2645378B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/027—Integrated apparatus for measuring current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric device having a plurality of insulators with improved characteristics.
  • insulators such as for example bushings or insulating rods, are widely used in electric devices, associated to corresponding powered parts of such devices.
  • the insulator has a main insulating body suitable for housing the corresponding powered parts, in such a way as to isolate them from the environment outside the insulator.
  • a phase of the electric device is associated to an insulator which contributes to the electrical isolation between the electric phase itself and the other adjacent electric phases of the electric device.
  • insulators can be associated to the electric phases, or poles, of known switching devices, such as circuit breakers, disconnectors or contactors.
  • insulators can be associated to the electric phases of known electric transformers, such as in the case where a feedthrough insulator is provided for allowing the passage of a conductor under voltage through an obstacle, e.g. thorough the tank of the transformer.
  • the insulator generally comprises a plurality of circular fins which protrude from its main insulating body in order to increase the creepage distance of the insulator itself (i.e. the distance covered by a leakage current flowing along the peripheral surface of the main insulating body, between its upper and lower ends).
  • fins having a greater radius (greater fins) and fins having a smaller radius (smaller fins) protrude from the main insulating body alternated to each other.
  • the greater fins of insulating bodies placed side by side are faced to each other, and the smaller fins of such insulating bodies are faced to each other.
  • figure 1 shows a first insulator 700 and a second insulator 701 according to the state of the art, having a first main insulating body 702 and a second main insulating body 703, respectively.
  • the insulating body 702 and the insulating body 703 protrude and extent from corresponding portions of a known electric device, such as for example a switching device, along a first longitudinal axis 80 and a second longitudinal axis 81, respectively.
  • the first and second longitudinal axes 80 and 81 lie parallel to each other in a common plane in such a way that the main insulating bodies 702 and 703 are aligned to each other and placed side by side.
  • the insulators 700 and 701 are associated to a first electric phase and a second adjacent electric phase of the electric device, respectively.
  • the greater circular fins 710 of the insulator 700 protrude from the main insulating body 702, each one faced to a corresponding greater circular fin 711 protruding from the main insulating body 703; in particular, the faced greater fins 710 and 711 have the same radius.
  • the smaller circular fins 712 of the insulator 700 protrude from the main insulating body 702, each one faced to a corresponding one of the smaller fins 713 protruding from the second main insulating body 703; the smaller fins 712 and 713 faced to each other have the same radius.
  • the clearance distance between the first and second electric phases depends on the minimum distance in air D phase between insulators 700, 701.
  • distance Dp hase corresponds to the minimum distance between the greater fins 710 of the insulator 700 and the corresponding faced greater fins 711 of the insulator 701.
  • the distance Dp hase is particularly critical, since that the dielectric stress between adjacent phases (and the undesired effects of the dielectric stress), strongly depends on such distance D phase .
  • US patent document No. 5821486 discloses an electric device according to the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • an electric device suitable for being installed in an electric circuit and comprising at least a first insulator having a first main insulating body and a second insulator having a second main insulating body, wherein the first main insulating body and the second main insulating body protrude from corresponding portions of the electric device along a first longitudinal axis and a second longitudinal axis, respectively, with the first and second longitudinal axes lying parallel to each other in a common plane.
  • the first insulator has a plurality of insulating fins comprising:
  • the second insulator has a plurality of insulating fins comprising:
  • the first, second, third and fourth distances D 1 , D 2 , D 3 and D 4 satisfy the following relationships: D 1 > D 3 ; D 4 > D 2 ; D 4 > D 3 ; and D 4 ⁇ D 1 + (D 1 -D 2 ).
  • the electric device comprises at least:
  • the electric device comprises a casing having at least an insulating portion, wherein the casing houses the first switching unit and the second switching unit, and wherein the at least an insulating portion of the casing comprises the first and second insulators.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a switchgear comprising at least an electric device such as the electric device defined by the annexed claims and disclosed in the following description.
  • intermediate voltage is referred to applications with operating voltages in the range from 1 kV to some tens of kV, e.g. 30kV or 40 kV.
  • the introduced solutions and technical characteristics are also applicable to any type of electric device, such as for example an electric transformer.
  • the present disclosure is related to an electric device 1 suitable for being installed in an electric circuit; the electric device 1 comprises at least a first insulator 800 having a first main insulating body 92a and a second insulator 801 having a second main insulating body 92b.
  • the main insulating body 92a and the main insulating body 92b protrude from corresponding portions of the electric device 1 along a first longitudinal axis 500a and a second longitudinal axis 500b, respectively; in particular, the first and second longitudinal axes 500a and 500b lie parallel to each other in a common plane 900 (which is schematically depicted by dot lines in figure 3 and which practically coincides to the sheet of figure 8 ), in such a way that the main insulating bodies 92a and 92b are aligned to each other.
  • the longitudinal axes 500a and 500b cross centrally the respective insulators 800 and 801 along the longitudinal extension of their main insulating bodies 92a and 92b.
  • the electric device 1 can be a switching device 1 suitable for being installed in an electric circuit 102, for instance in a medium voltage electric circuit 102.
  • the switching device 1 illustrated for example in figures 2-9 comprises: a first electrical phase 2a associated to the first insulator 800 (having the main insulating body 92a), a second electric phase 2b associated to the second insulator 801 (having the main insulating body 92b); and a third electric phase 2c associated to a third insulator 802 (having the main insulating body 92c).
  • the three electric phases 2a, 2b and 2c operatively electrically connect a first part 100 and a second part 101 of the electric circuit 102 (as illustrated for example in figure 2 which is related to the electric phase 2a).
  • the first part 100 of the electric circuit 102 can be a distribution, or line, part 100 suitable for distributing power
  • the second part 101 can be a load part 101 drawing power from the distribution part 101.
  • each of the three illustrated electric phases 2a, 2b, 2c comprises at least a switching unit 10 having a movable contact 11, which can be actuated, during the operation of the switching unit 10 itself, to be coupled/decoupled to/from a corresponding fixed contact 12, as will be disclosed in more detail in the following description.
  • the main insulating bodies 92a, 92b, 92c of the three insulators 800, 801, 802 protrude from a corresponding portion 90 of the switching device 1 along the longitudinal axis 500a, the longitudinal axis 500b and the third longitudinal axis 500c, respectively, which lie parallel to each other in the common plane 900.
  • the three main insulating bodies 92a, 92b, 92c are aligned to each other; in particular, the main insulating body 92a is placed side by side to the main insulating body 92b, which in turn is placed side by side to the main insulating body 92c.
  • the switching device 1 can have, according to specific requirements, a number of phases and associated insulators different to the illustrated one, e.g. two or four electric phases and associated insulators.
  • the first insulator 800 of the electric device 1 has a plurality of insulating fins comprising:
  • the second insulator 801 of the electric device 1 has a plurality of insulating fins comprising:
  • the insulating fins 41a and 42a lie in the same plane 901 so as to be faced to each other; in the same way, the insulating fins 41a and 41b lie in the same plane 902 so as to be faced to each other.
  • the distances D 1 , D 2 , D 3 and D 4 advantageously satisfy the following relationships: D 1 > D 2 ; D 1 > D 3 ; D 4 > D 2 ; D 4 > D 3 ; and D 4 ⁇ D 1 + D 1 - D 2 .
  • the remaining fin 42b in addition to be dimensioned so as D 4 is greater than D 2 and greater that D 3 , has to be dimensioned imposing an upper limit to the value of D 4 .
  • Such upper limit is chosen so as the distance D 24 between the delimiting ends 45b and 46b of the faced fins 41b and 42b (see figure 4 ) is greater than the minimum distance in air D phase that would be present by dimensioning the fins 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b according to the state of the art.
  • the fins 41a, 41b and 42a, 42b have a circular shape; in this case the distances D 1 , D 2 , D 3 and D 4 correspond to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the respective fins 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b.
  • the distance D 4 is equal to the distance D 1
  • the distance D 3 is equal to the distance D 2 . In this way the same distance Dp hase is present between the delimiting ends 45a-46a of the faced fins 41a-42a and between the delimiting ends 45b-46b of the faced fins 41b-42b.
  • the ratio between the distance D 3 (equal to the distance D 2 ) and the distance D 1 (equal to the minimum distance D 4 ) is comprised for instance between 0.5 and 0.9, e.g. is equal to 0.8.
  • the insulator 800 comprises a plurality of fins 41a and a plurality of fins 41b, wherein the fins 41a and 41b protrude from the main insulating body 92a alternated to each other, as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment of figures 3-4 , 6 and 8-9 .
  • the insulator 801 comprises a plurality of fins 42a and a plurality of fins 42b, wherein the fins 42a and 42b protrude from the main insulating body 92b alternated to each other.
  • each fin 42a is faced to a corresponding one of the plurality of fins 41a (i.e. it lies in the same plane 901 of the corresponding fin 41a)
  • each fin 42b is faced to a corresponding one of the plurality of fins 41b (i.e. it lies in the same plate 902 of the corresponding fin 42b).
  • the main insulating bodies 92a, 92b and 92c of the insulators 800, 801 and 802 have a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • Two circular-shaped insulating fins 41a and two circular-shaped insulating fins 41b protrude from the main insulating body 92a alternated to each other; two circular-shaped insulating fins 42a and two ring-shaped insulating fins 42b protrude from the main insulating body 92b alternated to each other, so as each of the two insulating fins 42a face a corresponding one of the two insulating fins 41a (i.e. they lie in the same plane 901), and each of the two insulating fins 42b face a corresponding one of the two insulating fins 42b (i.e. they lie in the same plane 902).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 41a has the distance D 1 between its delimiting end 45a nearer to the longitudinal axis 500b of the main insulating body 92b and the longitudinal axis 500a of the main insulating body 92a (such distance D 1 corresponding to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 41a).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 41b has the distance D 2 between its delimiting end 45b nearer to the longitudinal axis 500b and the longitudinal axis 500a (such distance D2 corresponding to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 41b).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 42a has the distance D 3 between its delimiting end 46a nearer to the and the longitudinal axis 500a and the longitudinal axis 500b (such distance D 3 corresponding to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 42a).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 42b has the distance D 4 between its delimiting end 46b nearer to the longitudinal axis 500a and the longitudinal axis 500b (such distance D 4 corresponding to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 42b).
  • the distance D 1 is equal to the distance D 4 and the distance D 2 is equal to the distance D 3 , wherein the distance D 1 is greater than the distance D 2 .
  • the ratio between D 3 and D 1 (and therefore between D 2 and D 4 ) is substantially equal to 0.8.
  • the minimum distance D 4 (greater than the minimum distance D 2 and than the minimum distance D3) could be dimensioned minor with respect to the minimum distance D 1 , or could be dimensioned according to the following relationship: D 1 + D 1 - D 2 > D 4 > D 1 .
  • the insulator 802 also comprises two circular-shaped fins 43a and two circular-shaped fins 43b, wherein the fins 43a and 43b protrude from the main insulating body 92c alternated to each other, so as each of the two fins 43a is faced to a corresponding one of the two fins 42a (i.e. it lies in the same plane 901 of the corresponding fin 42a), and each one of the two insulating fins 43b is faced to a corresponding one of the two insulating fins 42b (i.e. it lies in the same plane 902 of the corresponding fin 42b).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 43a has a distance between its delimiting end 48a nearer to the longitudinal axis 500b of the main insulating body 92b and the longitudinal axis 500c of the main insulating body 92c; such distance is equal to the distance D 1 and corresponds to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 43a.
  • Each of the two insulating fins 43b has a distance between its delimiting end 48b nearer to the longitudinal axis 500b and the longitudinal axis 500c which is equal to the distance D 2 (such distance corresponding to the radius of the circumference delimiting the peripheral edge of the fin 43b).
  • Each of the two insulating fins 42a having the distance D 3 is faced to the corresponding fins 41a and 43a having the greater distance D 1 ; and each of the two fins 42b having the distance D 4 (equal to the radial distance D 1 ) is faced to the corresponding fins 41b and 43b having the smaller distance D 2 .
  • the switching device 1 according to the exemplary embodiment of figures 2-9 comprises a casing 50 having at least a portion 51 made of insulting material.
  • the casing 50 defines a gas-tight internal space which can be filled with insulating gas, such as for example SF6 or alternatively, in applications for smaller voltages, with air.
  • the casing 50 houses the switching unit 10 of each of its electric phases 2a, 2b, 2c, and its insulating portion 51 comprises the insulators 800, 801 and 802 associated to such electric phases 2a, 2b and 2c.
  • the casing 50 advantageously comprises also a metal portion 52.
  • the insulating portion 51 and the metal portion 52 of the casing 50 comprise an insulting shell 51 and a metal shell 52, respectively, which are coupled to each other.
  • the insulating shell 51 can be made for example of polymeric material (e.g. a thermoplastic or a thermosetting material).
  • polymeric material e.g. a thermoplastic or a thermosetting material.
  • thermosetting polymers epoxy resin or polyester can be cited for example.
  • the insulating shell 51 can be entirely made of or comprise at least a covering layer of a polymeric material that is resistant to the external environment, e.g. epoxy cycloaliphatic resin or silicon coated material.
  • the metal shell 52 can be made for example of steel, such as stainless steel or pre-galvanized steel.
  • each of the main insulating bodies 92a, 92b and 92c of the insulators 800, 801 and 802 defines an internal chamber 93 housing the switching unit 10 of the corresponding electric phase 2a, 2b, 2c.
  • the switching unit 10 is a circuit breaker unit 10, wherein its movable contact 11 can be actuated, during the operation of the circuit breaker unit 10 itself, between a closed position where it is coupled to the corresponding fixed contact 12 and an open position where it is spaced away from the fixed contact 12 so as to be electrically separated from such contact 12.
  • the actuation from the open position to the closed position of the movable contact 11 of the circuit breaker unit 10 of the electric phase 2a allows the flowing of a current Ip hase between the first and second parts 100, 101 of the electric circuit 102, through the electrically coupled movable and fixed contacts 11, 12.
  • the actuation of the movable contact 11 from the closed position to the open position causes the interruption of such current Ip hase by means of the electrical separation between the movable and fixed contacts 11, 12.
  • Such actuation can be caused by the manual intervention of an operator, or automatically (by means of actuators) at the occurrence of an electric fault, e.g. an overload or a short-circuit.
  • the circuit breaker unit 10 comprises a bulb 15 defining an internal sealed environment where the electrical connection/separation between the movable and fixed contacts 11, 12 can occur.
  • the internal space of the bulb 15 is in vacuum; alternatively, such internal space may be filled with insulating gas.
  • the circuit breaker chamber 93 is defined so as to house the bulb 15 of the corresponding circuit breaker unit 10.
  • a through hole 95 is defined in the upper end of the insulating bodies 92a, 92b and 92c to allow the free passage into the respective circuit breaker chamber 93 of an electric terminal 3.
  • the electric terminal 3 is connected to the circuit breaker unit 10 housed in the circuit breaker chamber 53 (in particular it is connected to the fixed contact 12 into the bulb 15) and is suitable for electrically connecting the circuit breaker unit 10 to the corresponding portion 100 of the electric circuit 102.
  • the switching device 1 comprises actuating means (schematically depicted and indicated with numeral reference 200 in figure 2 ) which are operatively connected to and adapted to actuate the movable contact 11 of each circuit breaker unit 10 of the switching device 1 itself.
  • the actuating means 200 comprise a kinematic chain (overall indicated with numeral reference 201) and driving means 203 operatively connected to each other.
  • the kinematic chain 201 is operatively connected to the movable contact 11 of each circuit breaker unit 10 housed in a corresponding circuit breaker chamber 93 and is adapted to be driven by the driving means 203 to cause the actuation of the movable contacts 11 between the open and closed positions.
  • the driving means 203 comprise a driving shaft 203 which can rotate about an axis of rotation 204 and which is operatively connected (through conventional linkage means 205) to the kinematic chain 201.
  • the kinematic chain 201 is in turn operatively connected to and adapted to cause the actuation of the movable contact 11 of each circuit breaker unit 10, upon the rotation of the driving shaft 203 about the axis 204.
  • the insulating shell 51 of the switching device 1 comprises a central portion 90 defining an internal main chamber 91 housing at least a portion of the actuating means 200, wherein the main insulating bodies 92a, 92b and 92c protrude from such central portion 90 along the respective longitudinal axes 500a, 500b and 500c.
  • the internal main chamber 91 houses the kinematic chain 201, wherein each circuit breaker chamber 93 can be accessed from the main chamber 91 so as the kinematic chain 201 can operatively interact to the associated movable contacts 11 of the circuit breaker units 10.
  • An access opening 59 is defined in the central portion 90 of the insulating shell 51; the switching device 1 comprises a cover 400 which is operatively coupled to the central portion 90 to cover the access opening 59, and which is adapted to cover and support the driving shaft 203 in such a way that it can rotate about the axis 204.
  • the access opening 59 allows the free access into the main chamber 91 of the linkage means 205 in order to operatively connect the driving shaft 203 and the kinematic chain 201.
  • the cover 400 is made of metal material to better support the driving shaft 203 and withstand the forces generated during the rotation of the shaft 203 itself.
  • the insulating shell 51 is advantageously manufactured in a single piece, i.e. the central portion 90, the main insulating body 90a (with the associated insulating fins 41a, 41b), the main insulating body 92b (with the associated insulating fins 42a, 42b) and the main insulating body 92c (with the associated insulating fins 43a, 43b) are all integral-made during the manufacturing process.
  • the central portion 90 of the insulating shell 51 1 comprises: a base portion 53; a first front wall 96 and a second front wall 97 which protrude transversally from opposed ends of the base portion 53 in such a way to be faced to each other; first and second parallel lateral walls 98 and 99 which protrude transversally from the base portion 53 in such a way to link transversally the first and second front walls 96 and 97; and an upper wall 25 linking transversally the first and second lateral walls 98 and 99 (and the first and second faced front walls 96 and 97).
  • the base portion 53 is coupled to a corresponding flanged portion 54 of the metal shell 52 and the accesses opening 59 is defined in the first front wall 96, with the cover 400 fixed to such wall 96 so as to cover such opening 59 and to support the driving shaft 203.
  • the main insulating bodies 92a, 92b and 92c protrude from the upper wall 25 along their respective longitudinal axes 500a, 500b and 500c.
  • the central portion 90 further advantageously comprises: at least a support tab 110 connecting the first lateral wall 98 to the based portion 53; and at least a second support tab 111 (viewable for example in figure 7 ) connecting the second lateral wall 99 to the based portion 53.
  • Such support tabs 110, 111 are suitable for reinforcing the overall structure of the insulating shell 51.
  • said at least a tab 110 comprises:
  • Said at least a support tab 111 comprises:
  • each of the electric phase 2a, 2b and 2c of the switching device 1 comprises a further switching unit 20 associated to the switching unit 10 disclosed in the above description.
  • Such switching unit 20 comprises at least movable contact 21 which can be actuated, during the operation of the switching unit 20 itself, to be coupled/separated to/from a corresponding fixed contact 22.
  • An electric terminal 4 is connected to each switching unit 20 and is suitable for electrically connecting the switching unit 20 to the corresponding portion 101 of the electric circuit 102.
  • the overall casing 50 also houses the switching unit 20 of each electric phase 2a, 2b, 2c.
  • the switching unit 20 is a disconnector unit 20 wherein the movable contact 21 can be actuated, during the operation of the disconnector unit 20 itself, between a connection position where it is coupled and connected to the corresponding fixed contact 22, and at least a disconnection position where it is spaced away from from the fixed contact 22, so as to be disconnected from such contact 22.
  • the switching device 1 comprises actuating means (schematically depicted and indicated with numeral reference 300 in figure 2 ) operatively connected to and adapted to cause the actuation of the movable contact 21 of each disconnector unit 20.
  • actuating means (schematically depicted and indicated with numeral reference 300 in figure 2 ) operatively connected to and adapted to cause the actuation of the movable contact 21 of each disconnector unit 20.
  • the casing 50 houses at least a portion of the actuating means 300.
  • connection between the movable and fixed contacts 21, 22 is suitable for realizing an electrical connection between the first and second parts 100, 101 of the electric circuit 102.
  • the actuation of the movable contact 21 from the connection position to the disconnection position causes a physical separation between the first and second parts 100, 101 (in order to interrupt the electrical connection between them).
  • the disconnector unit 20 and the circuit breaker unit 10 of each phase 2a, 2b, 2c are connected in series between the first and second parts 100, 101 of the electric circuit 102
  • the movable contact 11 is electrically connected to the fixed contact 22 so as to realized the connection in series between the associated circuit breaker unit 10 and the disconnector unit 20; alternatively, such connection can be realized by connecting the fixed contact 12 of the circuit breaker unit 10 to one among the movable and fixed contacts 21 and 22 of the associated disconnector unit 20.
  • the current Ip hase flows between the first and second parts 100, 101 through the current path realized by the electrically coupled movable and fixed contacts 11, 12 of the circuit breaker unit 10 and by the connected movable and fixed contacts 21, 22 of the disconnector unit 20.
  • the movable contact 21 of the disconnector unit 20 can be also actuated from the connection position to the disconnection position so as to provide a further physical interruption in the electrical connection between the first and second parts 100, 101.
  • the disconnector unit 20 is advantageously arranged to realize also the functionality of earthing means, i.e. the disconnector unit 20 is arranged in such a way that it can connect, during its operation, the associated part 101 of the electric circuit 102 to electric earth.
  • the disconnector unit 20 comprises an earthing contact 23, i.e. a contact 23 electrically connected to earth, and the movable contact 21 of such disconnector unit 20 can be actuated between the connection position and:
  • the associated part 101 of the electric circuit 102 is electrically connected to the earthing contact 23 by means of the electric connection provided by the movable contact 21 and the electric terminal 4.
  • the metal shell 52 of the casing 50 is earthed, i.e. it is connected to electric earth, so as to perform a metal earthed segregation between the first and second parts 100, 101 of the electric circuit 102.
  • the earthing contact 23 is preferably connected to the metal shell 52; for instance, the earthing contact 23 can be mounted on a corresponding portion of the metal shell 52 (as shown in the exemplary embodiment of figure 5 ).
  • the metal shell 52 is suitable for: supporting the movable contact 21 and housing the earthing contact 23 of each disconnector unit 20; and housing the actuating means 300.
  • the actuating means 300 of the illustrated exemplary embodiment comprise a driving shaft 301.
  • the driving shaft 301 is operatively connected to each movable contact 21, through conventional linking means, in such a way that the rotation of the driving shaft 301 about the axis 302 causes the actuation of each movable contact 21 between the connected position, the first disconnection position and the earthing position.
  • the metal shell 52 comprises at least: a base wall 71; a front wall 72 and a rear wall 73 protruding transversally from two opposed ends of the base wall 71; first and second parallel lateral walls 74, 75 protruding transversally from the base wall 71 so as to link the first and second front walls 72, 73.
  • the upper ends of the front walls 72, 73 and of the lateral walls 74, 75 are configured to define an overall flanged upper edge (globally indicated by the numeral reference 76) which is coupled to the flanged portion 54 (which in turn is coupled to the insulating shell 51).
  • the ends of the driving shaft 301 are operatively coupled to a front wall 72 and a rear wall 73 of the metal shell 52, in such a way that the driving shaft 301 is able to rotate about the axis of rotation 302.
  • the driving shaft 301 is positioned inside the metal shell 52 between the movable contacts 21 and the second lateral wall 75.
  • the earthing contacts 23 are fixed to the first lateral wall 74, each one aligned to the movement direction of a corresponding contact 21.
  • the metal shell 52 is connected to electric earth together with the earthing contacts 23 fixed thereto.
  • the present disclosure is also related to an electric unit 1000, or switchgear 1000, comprising at least an electric device 1 according to the present disclosure.
  • the switchgear 1000 comprises a housing 1001 inside which the switching device 1 according to previous disclosure is installed. Such switching device 1 is placed between an upper compartment 1002, or power distribution compartment 1002, containing the power distribution bars, and a lower compartment 1003, or load compartment 1003, containing the load cables or connections associated to one or more electric loads drawing power from the distribution bars.
  • the insulating shell 51 of the casing 50 is placed at the power distribution compartment 1002, so as the electric terminal 3 associated to each circuit breaker unit 10 can be connected to a corresponding distribution bar.
  • the metal shell 52 of the casing 50 is placed at the load compartment 1003, so as the electric terminal 4 associated to each disconnector unit 20 can be connected to a corresponding load cable or connector.
  • the casing 50 (in particular the earthed metal shell 52) realizes an earthed metal segregation between the distribution and load compartments 1002, 1003.
  • a greater minimum distance in air Dp hase between insulators 800- 801, 801-802 placed side by side is achieved with respect to known solution, such as the solution illustrated in figure 1 .
  • known solution such as the solution illustrated in figure 1 .
  • the disclosed switching device 1 carries out at least the current interruption functionality between parts 100, 101 of the associated electric circuit 102 (through the circuit breaker units 10) and the disconnection functionality between such parts 100, 101 (through the disconnector units 20).
  • the switching device 1 itself also carries out the earthing functionality on one of the parts 100, 101 of the associated electric circuit 102, namely the part associated to one or more electric loads.
  • the switchgear 1000 By integrating more functionalities in a single device, the overall space occupied into the housing 1001 of a corresponding electric unit, such as the switchgear 1000, is drastically reduced.
  • the one or more circuit breaker units 10 (carrying out the interruption functionality) and the one or more disconnector units 20 (carrying out the disconnection functionality) are all housed in the single casing 50 having a compact and at the same time sturdy structure.
  • the insulating shell 51 realizes an economical and compact size of the overall casing 50. Since such size is made of insulating material, it is possible to reduce its electrical distance with respect to live parts (i.e. energized parts) in the switchgear 1000, such as the bars in the distribution compartment 1002, thereby further reducing the waste of space into the housing 1001 of the switchgear 1000.
  • live parts i.e. energized parts
  • the compact insulating shell 51 is configured to house the circuit breaker units 10 (and at least the associated kinematic chain 201) according to a practice and economic solution. By manufacturing the insulating shell 51 in a single piece such advantages are further improved.
  • the circuit breaker units 10 are housed in the corresponding circuit breaker chambers 93 defined by the aligned main insulating bodies 92a-92c.
  • the disclosed configuration of the insulating fins 41a-43a, 42a-42c and 43a-43c allows to reduce the dielectric stress between the main insulating bodies 92a-92b and 92b-92c, and hence between the circuit breaker units 10 housed into the circuit breaker chambers 93 of such main insulating bodies 92a-92c.
  • the metal shell 52 connected to ground, realizes a size of the overall casing 50 which ensures the respect of relevant Standards (e.g. the required metal earthed segregation between the distribution compartment 1002 and the load compartment 1003 of the switchgear 100), even if only a single, multifunctional and very compact device, as the switching device 1, is placed between the distribution bars of the distribution compartment 1002 and the load compartment, and even if the insulating shell 51 of such device 1 is placed very close to the distribution bars.
  • relevant Standards e.g. the required metal earthed segregation between the distribution compartment 1002 and the load compartment 1003 of the switchgear 100

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Elektrische Einrichtung (1), die geeignet ist, in einem elektrischen Schaltkreis (102) installiert zu werden, wobei die elektrische Einrichtung (1) zumindest einen ersten Isolator (800), der einen ersten Hauptisolierkörper (92a) aufweist, und einen zweiten Isolator (801), der einen zweiten Hauptisolierkörper (92b) aufweist, aufweist, wobei der erste Hauptisolierkörper (92a) und der zweite Hauptisolierkörper (92b) jeweils aus entsprechenden Abschnitten (90) der elektrischen Einrichtung (1) entlang einer ersten Längsachse (500a) und einer zweiten Längsachse (500b) herausragen, wobei die erste und zweite Längsachse (500a, 500b) parallel zueinander auf einer gemeinsamen Ebene (900) liegen, wobei der erste Isolator (800) eine Mehrzahl an Isolierrippen (41a, 41b) aufweist, aufweisend:
    • zumindest eine erste Isolierrippe (41a), die aus dem ersten Hauptisolierkörper (92a) herausragt, so dass sie in einer entsprechenden ersten Ebene (901) liegt, die zu der gemeinsamen Ebene (900) rechtwinklig ist, wobei die erste Isolierrippe eine erste Entfernung D1 zwischen ihrem begrenzenden Ende (45a), das sich näher an der zweiten Längsachse (500b) befindet, und der ersten Längsachse (500a) aufweist; und
    • zumindest eine zweite Isolierrippe (41b), die aus dem ersten Hauptisolierkörper (92a) herausragt, so dass sie in einer entsprechenden zweiten Ebene (902) liegt, die zu der gemeinsamen Ebene (900) rechtwinklig ist, wobei die zweite Isolierrippe eine zweite Entfernung D2 zwischen ihrem begrenzenden Ende (45b), das sich näher an der zweiten Längsachse (500b) befindet, und der ersten Längsachse (500a) aufweist, wobei die erste Entfernung D1 größer ist als die zweite Entfernung D2;
    wobei der zweite Isolator (801) eine Mehrzahl an Isolierrippen (42a, 42b) aufweist, aufweisend:
    • zumindest eine dritte Isolierrippe (42a), die aus dem zweiten Hauptisolierkörper (92b) herausragt, so dass sie der ersten Isolierrippe (41a) gegenüberliegt, wobei die dritte Isolierrippe eine dritte Entfernung D3 zwischen ihrem begrenzenden Ende (46a), das sich näher an der ersten Längsachse (500a) befindet, und der zweiten Längsachse (500b) aufweist; und
    • zumindest eine vierte Isolierrippe (42b), die aus dem zweiten Hauptisolierkörper (92b) herausragt, so dass sie der zweiten Isolierrippe (41b) gegenüberliegt, wobei die vierte Isolierrippe eine vierte Entfernung D4 zwischen ihrem begrenzenden Ende (46b), das sich näher an der ersten Längsachse (500a) befindet, und der zweiten Längsachse (500b) aufweist;
    wobei die erste, zweite, dritte und vierte Entfernung D1, D2, D3 und D4 den folgenden Verhältnissen entsprechen: D 1 > D 3 ; D 4 > D 2 ; D 4 > D 3 ; und D 4 < D 1 + D 1 - D 2 ;
    Figure imgb0009
    wobei die elektrische Einrichtung (1) zumindest Folgendes aufweist:
    • eine erste elektrische Phase (2a), die zumindest eine erste Schalteinheit (10) aufweist, wobei die erste Schalteinheit (10) zumindest einen ersten beweglichen Kontakt (11) aufweist, der während des Betriebs der ersten Schalteinheit (10) angesteuert werden kann, um an einen ersten Festkontakt (12) gekoppelt oder von diesem getrennt zu werden;
    • eine zweite elektrische Phase (2b), die zumindest eine zweite Schalteinheit (10) aufweist, wobei die zweite Schalteinheit (10) zumindest einen zweiten beweglichen Kontakt (11) aufweist, der während des Betriebs der zweiten Schalteinheit (10) angesteuert werden kann, um an einen zweiten Festkontakt (12) gekoppelt oder von diesem getrennt zu werden;
    wobei der erste Isolator (800) und der zweite Isolator (801) der ersten elektrischen Phase (2a) bzw. der zweiten elektrischen Phase (2b) zugeordnet sind, und wobei die elektrische Einrichtung (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie ein Gehäuse (50) aufweist, das zumindest einen Isolierabschnitt (51) aufweist, wobei das Gehäuse (50) die erste Schalteinheit (10) und die zweite Schalteinheit (10) aufnimmt, und wobei der zumindest eine Isolierabschnitt (52) des Gehäuses (50) den ersten und zweiten Isolator (800, 801) aufweist.
  2. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vierte Entfernung D4 der ersten Entfernung D1 gleicht, und die dritte Entfernung D3 der zweiten Entfernung D2 gleicht.
  3. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen der dritten Entfernung D3 und der ersten Entfernung D1 zwischen 0,5 und 0,9 liegt.
  4. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach einem oder mehreren der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die zumindest erste Isolierrippe (41a) eine Mehrzahl an ersten Isolierrippen (41a) aufweist und die zumindest zweite Isolierrippe (41b) eine Mehrzahl an zweiten Isolierrippen (41b) aufweist, wobei die ersten und zweiten Isolierrippen (41a, 41b) aus dem ersten Hauptisolierkörper (92a) nacheinander abwechselnd herausragen;
    • die zumindest dritte Isolierrippe (42a) eine Mehrzahl an dritten Isolierrippen (42a) aufweist, die jeweils einer entsprechenden von der Mehrzahl an ersten Isolierrippen (41a) gegenüberliegen, und die zumindest vierte Isolierrippe (42b) eine Mehrzahl an vierten Isolierrippen (42b) aufweist, die jeweils einer entsprechenden von der Mehrzahl an zweiten Isolierrippen (41b) gegenüberliegen.
  5. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach einem oder mehreren der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Hauptisolierkörper (92a) eine erste Innenkammer (93) begrenzt, die die erste Schalteinheit (10) aufnimmt, und der zweite Hauptisolierkörper (92b) eine zweite Innenkammer (93) begrenzt, die die zweite Schalteinheit (10) aufnimmt.
  6. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Ansteuermittel (200) aufweist, die operativ mit dem zumindest ersten beweglichen Kontakt (11) und dem zumindest zweiten beweglichen Kontakt (11) verbunden und darauf ausgelegt sind, diese anzusteuern, wobei der zumindest eine Isolierabschnitt (52) des Gehäuses (50) einen zentralen Abschnitt (90) aufweist, der eine Hauptkammer (91) begrenzt, die zumindest einen Abschnitt der Ansteuermittel (200) aufnimmt, und wobei die ersten und zweiten Hauptisolierkörper (92a, 92b) aus dem zentralen Abschnitt (90) herausragen.
  7. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zentrale Abschnitt (90) aufweist:
    • einen Sockelabschnitt (53);
    • erste und zweite parallele Seitenwände (98, 99), die transversal aus dem Sockelabschnitt (53) herausragen;
    • zumindest einen Stützstreifen (110), der die erste Seitenwand (98) mit dem Sockelabschnitt (53) verbindet;
    • zumindest einen Stützstreifen (111), der die zweite Seitenwand (99) mit dem Sockelabschnitt (53) verbindet.
  8. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • der zentrale Abschnitt (90) eine obere Wand (25) aufweist, die transversal die erste und zweite Seitenwand (98, 99) verbindet, wobei der erste und zweite Hauptisolierkörper (92a, 92b) aus der oberen Wand (25) herausragen;
    • der zumindest eine Streifen (110), der die erste Seitenwand (98) mit dem Sockelabschnitt (53) verbindet, aufweist: einen ersten Stützstreifen (110a), der in einer Ebene (450) liegt, die die erste Längsachse (500a) aufweist; einen zweiten Stützstreifen (110b), der in einer Ebene (451) liegt, die die zweite Erweiterungsachse (500b) aufweist; einen dritten Stützstreifen (110c), der sich zwischen dem ersten Stützstreifen (110a) und dem zweiten Stützstreifen (110b) befindet;
    • der zumindest eine Stützstreifen (111), der die zweite Seitenwand (99) mit dem Sockelabschnitt (53) verbindet, aufweist: einen vierten Stützstreifen, der auf den ersten Stützstreifen (110a) ausgerichtet ist; einen fünften Stützstreifen, der auf den zweiten Stützstreifen (110b) ausgerichtet ist, und einen sechsten Stützstreifen, der auf den dritten Stützstreifen (110c) ausgerichtet ist.
  9. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach einem oder mehreren der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (50) einen Metallabschnitt (52) aufweist.
  10. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine Isolierabschnitt (51) des Gehäuses (50) eine Isolierhülle (51) aufweist, und der Metallabschnitt (52) eine Metallhülle (52) aufweist, die mit der Isolierhülle (51) gekoppelt ist.
  11. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die erste elektrische Phase (2a) eine dritte Schalteinheit (20) aufweist, die der ersten Schalteinheit (10) zugeordnet ist, wobei die dritte Einheit (20) zumindest einen dritten beweglichen Kontakt (21) aufweist, der während des Betriebs der dritten Schalteinheit (20) angesteuert werden kann, um mit einem entsprechenden dritten Festkontakt (22) gekoppelt oder von diesem getrennt zu werden;
    • die zweite elektrische Phase (2b) eine vierte Schalteinheit (20) aufweist, die der ersten Schalteinheit (10) zugeordnet ist, wobei die vierte Einheit (20) zumindest einen vierten beweglichen Kontakt (21) aufweist, der während des Betriebs der vierten Einheit (20) angesteuert werden kann, um mit einem entsprechenden vierten Festkontakt (22) gekoppelt oder von diesem getrennt zu werden;
    wobei das Gehäuse (50) die dritten und vierten Schalteinheiten (20) aufnimmt.
  12. Elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und zweite Schalteinheit (10) jeweils eine erste und zweite Hauptschaltereinheit (10) ist, und die dritte und vierte Schalteinheit (20) jeweils eine dritte und vierte Trenneinheit (20) ist.
  13. Schaltanlage (1000), aufweisend zumindest eine elektrische Einrichtung (1) nach einem oder mehreren der vorgenannten Ansprüche 1 bis 12.
EP12161172.7A 2012-03-26 2012-03-26 Elektrische Vorrichtung mit Isolatoren Active EP2645378B1 (de)

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RU2013110501A RU2615979C2 (ru) 2012-03-26 2013-03-11 Электрическое устройство с изоляторами
CN201310097881.9A CN103368095B (zh) 2012-03-26 2013-03-25 电气装置及开关设备
BR102013007028-9A BR102013007028B1 (pt) 2012-03-26 2013-03-26 Dispositivo elétrico com isoladores comutador

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DE102014101746A1 (de) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-13 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Halterung für wenigstens eine Vakuumschaltröhre eines Laststufenschalters
CN104201041B (zh) * 2014-08-15 2015-10-21 浙江道笃智能开关有限公司 组合固封极柱及其工作原理
DE102017222941A1 (de) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und Verfahren zum elektromagnetischen Abschirmen einer Vakuumschaltröhre in einem Isolator
EP4276869A1 (de) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-15 ABB Schweiz AG Mittelspannungsschaltvorrichtung
EP4277059A1 (de) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-15 ABB Schweiz AG Schaltanlagen für elektrische stromverteilungsnetze
EP4276870A1 (de) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-15 ABB Schweiz AG Mittelspannungsschaltvorrichtung

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RU2130660C1 (ru) * 1996-07-26 1999-05-20 Мамхегов Мухамед Абдулкеримович Опорный полимерный изолятор
US5821486A (en) * 1996-08-26 1998-10-13 S&C Electric Company Switch for hookstick operation
IT1309626B1 (it) * 1999-11-03 2002-01-30 Vei Electric Systems Spa Dispositivo di sezionamento e interruzione, per cabine elettriche.
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CN103368095B (zh) 2017-03-01
CN103368095A (zh) 2013-10-23
BR102013007028A8 (pt) 2017-12-19
BR102013007028B1 (pt) 2021-08-10
EP2645378A1 (de) 2013-10-02
BR102013007028A2 (pt) 2015-07-14
RU2615979C2 (ru) 2017-04-12

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