EP2530192B1 - Open-end spinning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The open end-spinning device (1) has a spinning rotor (3) which is rotatably supported in a low-pressure chargeable rotor housing and is pneumatically connected with a release roller (21) over a conically incoming fiber conducting channel (14). The release roller is rotatably supported in a release roller housing (17). A unit is provided for influencing a transport air flow available in the fiber conducting channel. The unit is pneumatically arranged in the area of the fiber conducting channel. A boundary layer-suction unit is installed at the input side of the fiber conducting channel.

Description

The invention relates to an open-end spinning device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such open-end spinning devices have long been known in connection with open-end rotor spinning machines and in many patent applications, for example in the DE 42 27 885 C2 or in the DE 10 2006 033 971 A1 , described in relative detail.

Among other things, such open-end spinning devices have a spinning rotor revolving at high speed in a rotor housing that can be subjected to negative pressure, as well as a sliver-opening device whose combing roller rotates in an opening roller housing combing out a feed fiber ribbon into individual fibers.

The opening cylinder housing has two openings in the area of a peripheral wall which at least partially surrounds the opening roller, via which the original fiber tape is introduced into the opening cylinder housing, the dirt particles released from the original fiber tape are removed from the opening cylinder housing and the combed individual fibers are transferred into a fiber guide channel.

That is, in the region of the relatively large first opening a sliver feed cylinder is arranged, which, in conjunction with an associated feed trough, ensures that the original fiber web is presented to the rotating opening roller and can be combed out of this into individual fibers. In this combing out dirt particles and the like are released in addition to individual fibers, which are entrained with the combed individual fibers through the opening roller or a rotary fluid circulating with the opening roller.

A fiber beard support arranged on the feed trough ensures that the first opening of the opening roller housing is subdivided into a sliver entry region and a somewhat spaced-apart, so-called dirty discharge region adjoining the sliver entry region.

When the individual fibers and dirt particles entrained by the opening roller reach this dirt discharge area, the relatively heavy dirt particles are eliminated by centrifugal force, while the individual fibers are stabilized by an inflowing suction air component and remain in the area of the rotary flow or on the opening roller.

Some degrees of angle behind the dirt discharge area, the peripheral wall of the opening roller housing on a further, much smaller opening, which forms the inlet region of a conical Faserleitkanals.

The arranged in the region of the second opening of the peripheral wall of the opening roller housing Faserleitkanal is also the output connected to the unterdruckbeaufschlagbare rotor housing of the open-end spinning device, with the result that within the Faserleitkanals a directed from the opening roller housing to the rotor housing transport air flow is given.

The fiber guide channel is preferably designed and arranged such that a wall of the fiber guide channel rests as a tangent to the circumferential wall of the opening roller housing which encloses the opening roller.

During the spinning operation, due to the spinning vacuum prevailing in the rotor housing, there is also a negative pressure in the inlet region of the fiber guide channel which, in conjunction with the centrifugal force acting on the individual fibers accelerated by the opening roller, ensures that the individual fibers are separated from the opening roller or roller from the rotational flow and over the fiber guide be transported pneumatically to the rotating at high speed in the rotor housing spinning rotor.

The single fibers fed into the spinning rotor are spun in the spinning rotor into a thread, which is subsequently drawn off via a thread withdrawal device and wound up into a cross-wound bobbin.

Although the open-end spinning devices described above and their associated sliver-opening devices have proven themselves many times in practice, it is generally agreed in the art that there is still potential for optimization in the area of the fiber-guiding channel, in particular in terms of flow.

That is, not only the effective within the fiber guide air flow to the pneumatic transport of the individual fibers seems to be improved, but also the flow conditions in the inlet region of the fiber guide.

In the past, various devices have already been proposed by means of which the flow conditions in the fiber guide channel and / or in the inlet region of the fiber guide channel should be improved.

In the DE-OS 1,925,999 For example, a sliver-opening device is described, which is modified from the sliver-opening devices described above in that it has in the region of the fiber guide channel via a special compressed-air blowing device.

The compressed air injection device is designed and arranged so that the transported in the fiber guide individual fibers are acted upon by a foreign air flow so that it prevents the individual fibers in the in the area of Channel wall approaching boundary layer and can be braked there.

Furthermore, for example, by the DE-OS 21 31 270 Sliver-opening devices are known in which the area lying in front of the Faserleitkanal surrounding the opening roller peripheral wall of the opening roller housing has a special design and is each equipped with a special pneumatic device.

In a first embodiment, it is provided, for example, that immediately after the fiber sliver feed opening, the fiber transport channel bounded outwardly by the peripheral wall of the opening roller housing expands continuously outwards and the peripheral wall of the opening roller casing finally merges into a wall of a fiber guide channel.

In the region of the beginning of the fiber transport channel extension while ventilation openings are arranged, which are connected to a pressure source. That is, via the ventilation openings, an additional air flow in the opening roller housing, in particular in the Faserleitkanal be blown.

In a second embodiment, it is provided to additionally equip the region of the extension of the fiber transport channel with a constriction and to install a vent opening in front of this constriction, which is connected to a vacuum source.

The in the DE-OS 21 31 270 However, described sliver-opening devices have proved in corresponding experiments, however, as less advantageous and have found no input into the practice.

Other sliver-opening devices, which has been tried to influence the flow conditions in the fiber guide channel positively, are characterized by the DE 39 16 238 A1 and / or the DE 198 57 160 A1 known.

In this patent applications sliver-opening devices are described in which the amount of effective in Faserleitkanal Saugluftstromes, which is known to be dependent on the outlet cross section of the Faserleitkanals and the respective present machine inherent spinning negative pressure is increased by the fact that the Faserleitkanal equipped with an additional bypass opening and thereby increasing the effective suction cross section of the fiber guide channel.

At the by the DE 39 16 238 A1 Known sliver-opening device, the bypass opening is arranged behind a deflection point of the fiber guide in the region of the generally fiber-free inner web of Faserleitkanals usually.

In the case of corresponding experiments, however, it has been found that a not inconsiderable part of the individual fibers transported in the fiber guide channel is removed via such a bypass opening arranged orthogonally to the fiber transport direction, ie disposed of.

The DE 198 57 160 A1 concerns a further development of the DE 39 16 238 A1 known sliver-opening device.

In this sliver-opening device, the bypass opening is part of a channel plate adapter and arranged in the region of a channel plate adapter receptacle so that the bypass opening is positioned next to the fiber flow and facing against the fiber transport direction.

Although with sliver disintegrators as described by the DE 198 57 160 A1 are known, an additional amount of air in the fiber guide can be initiated without the negative pressure in the

Spinning machine must be increased, these sliver-opening devices, in particular with respect to their flow conditions in the region of the inlet opening of the fiber guide even better.

Starting from open-end spinning devices of the type described above, the invention has the object to develop an open-end spinning device which is designed so that the flow conditions in the region of the sliver-opening device, in particular in the region of the inlet opening of the fiber guide, are further improved and As a result, the detachment behavior of individual fibers from the opening roller and their entry into the fiber guide channel is improved.

This object is achieved by a device having the features described in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The inventive design of an open-end spinning device with an input side of a Faserleitkanals arranged boundary layer suction device has the advantage that can be reliably prevented by such a device that arises in the fiber guide channel input a turbulent flow with Ablösewirbeln.

That is, the inventive use of a boundary layer suction device, the emergence of a backflow, as it takes place in a Ablösungswirbel reliably prevented.

The single fibers brought up by the opening roller or the rotary flow effective in the fiber transport channel of the opening roller housing can thereby be mounted on a considerably larger one Align part of the Faserleitkanaleingangs in the direction of the fiber guide channel, which significantly improves the separation of individual fibers from the opening roller and the transfer of the individual fibers of the rotation flow in the Faserleitkanal.

The amount of air taken from the boundary layer suction device also leads to an increase in the mean flow velocity of the transport air flow in the input region of the fiber guide channel, which also has a positive effect on the individual fiber detachment.

As described in claim 2, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment that the boundary layer suction device has suction openings which are installed in the region of the wall of the fiber guide channel, which is arranged tangentially to a peripheral wall of the opening roller housing which at least partially surrounds the opening roller.

In such a design and arrangement, the risk of clogging of the intake ports of the boundary layer suction device and the risk of unwanted separation of individual fibers, especially when dosing correctly the boundary layer suction device is relatively low, as caused by the inertia of the opening roller at a speed between 25 and over 30m / s conveyed individual fibers in the range of action of the boundary layer suction device no individual fibers are to be expected.

As described in claim 3, the suction openings are connected in an advantageous embodiment via a vacuum channel to the rotor housing of the open-end spinning device.

Such, for example, flanged to the Auflöswalzengehäuse vacuum channel is not only a relatively simple and compact design, which also can be relatively easily integrated into an open-end spinning device, but is also inexpensive to maintain because of Operation of the boundary layer suction device according to the invention over the spinning machine in the rotor housing anyway existing, machine own spinning vacuum takes place.

According to claim 4, it is further provided in an advantageous embodiment that the suction force effective in the region of the boundary layer suction device can be defined in a defined manner via the design and / or the number of suction openings. In this way, it is relatively easy to effectively eliminate the air turbulence occurring in the region of the boundary layer, that is to significantly improve the flow conditions in the input region of the fiber guide channel and thus the single fiber flow.

The boundary layer suction device can be designed in such a way (Anspr.5) that different suction forces are present in the area of the boundary layer suction device.

Such training may, for example, provide advantages in the processing of difficult yarn material.

According to claim 6, the suction ports of the boundary layer suction device are preferably formed as a plurality of slots.

By such a fanning of the suction surface in a plurality of slot-like vacuum openings, a large-area pneumatic impingement of the critical region of the fiber guide is possible in a simple manner. The slots may, as stated in claims 7-9, be oriented either in the flow direction, orthogonal to the flow direction or obliquely to the flow direction of the fiber flow.

Each of these orientations has its advantages and disadvantages, which may be dependent on the fiber material or the prevailing spinning negative pressure.

That is, the respective advantageous orientation of the slots may vary.

Further details of the invention are shown in an embodiment explained below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

schematisch, in Seitenansicht, eine Offenend-Spinnvorrichtung mit einem in einem unterdruckbeaufschlagbaren Rotorgehäuse umlaufenden Spinnrotor und einer Faserband-Auflöseeinrichtung, die über einen Faserleitkanal mit dem Rotorgehäuse verbunden ist,

Fig. 2

in einem größeren Maßstab eine Vorderansicht auf die Faserband-Auflöseeinrichtung, deren Faserleitkanal mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Grenzschicht-Absaugeinrichtung ausgestattet ist,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung der Strömungsverhältnisse im Eintrittsbereich des Faserleitkanals, wenn eine erfindungsgemäße Grenzschicht-Absaugeinrichtung nicht zugeschaltet ist.

It shows:

Fig. 1

schematically, in side view, an open-end spinning device with a rotatable in a unterdruckbeaufschlagbaren rotor housing spinning rotor and a sliver-opening device, which is connected via a Faserleitkanal with the rotor housing,

Fig. 2

on a larger scale a front view of the sliver-opening device, the fiber guide channel is equipped with a boundary layer suction device according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the flow conditions in the inlet region of the Faserleitkanals when a boundary layer suction device according to the invention is not switched on.

In the FIG. 1 shown open-end spinning device carries the total number 1.

Such spinning devices 1 have, as is known, a rotor housing 2 in which the spinning cup 26 of a spinning rotor 3 rotates at high speed.

In the open-end spinning device according to the present embodiment, the spinning rotor 3 is supported with its rotor shaft 4 in the bearing gusset of a preferably axially thrust-free support disk bearing 5.

The spinning rotor 3 is driven by a machine-tangential belt 6, which is employed by a pressure roller 7 to the rotor shaft 4.

The axial positioning of the rotor shaft 4 in the bearing gusset of the support disk bearing 5 preferably takes place via a permanent magnetic thrust bearing 18.

The rotor housing 2, which is open towards the front, is closed during spinning by a pivotally mounted cover element 8 and connected via a suction line 10 to a vacuum source 11, which generates the spinning vacuum necessary in the rotor housing 2 during the spinning process.

The cover element 8 has a channel plate 27 with a seal 9 preferably positioned in an annular groove.

In a central bearing receptacle 34 of the channel plate 27 is also, as known interchangeable a channel plate adapter 12 is arranged, which has the mouth region of a Faserleitkanals 14.

Furthermore, the channel plate adapter 12 is equipped with a yarn draw-off nozzle 13 and on the output side with a yarn draw-off tube 15.

As in Fig.1 is further shown on the lid member 8, which is mounted rotatably limited about a pivot axis 16, an opening roller housing 17 and the opening roller housing 17 is integrated into the lid member 8, the further rear bearing brackets 19, 20 for supporting an opening roller 21 and a sliver feed cylinder 22 has.

The opening roller 21 is thereby driven in the area of its whorl 23 by a rotating, machine-long tangential belt 24, while the drive (not shown) of the sliver feed cylinder 22 preferably via a worm gear arrangement, which is connected to a machine-length drive shaft 25.

The Fig.2 shows on a larger scale, partly in section, a front view of an open-end spinning device 1 designed according to the invention.

In the opening roller housing 17 of the generally designated by the reference numeral 33 sliver opening device for an open-end spinning device 1, an opening roller 21 is rotatably mounted, which rotates during spinning in the direction of arrow R and on its outer periphery a so-called Auflösewalzengarnitur 35 for combing out an original fiber tape 36 ,

In or on the opening roller housing 17 also rotatable in the direction of arrow Z sliver picking cylinder 22 and an associated feed trough 38 are mounted.

As in FIG. 2 indicated, the original fiber tape 36, which is usually stored in a (not shown) spinning pot, passed through a sliver compressor 37 in a clamping zone, which is formed by the feed trough 38 and the sliver feed cylinder 22.

The feed trough 38 is acted upon by a (not shown) spring element in the direction of the sliver feed cylinder 22 and presses the original fiber ribbon 36 to the circulating in the direction of arrow Z Faserbandeinzugszylinder 22nd

The rotating Faserbandeinzugszylinder 22 promotes the original fiber ribbon 36 in the region of the rotating in the direction of arrow R opening roller 21, the Auflösewalzengarnitur 35 combs the original fiber ribbon 36 in individual fibers 40, which entrained by the opening roller assembly 35, that is, accelerated. In a downstream in the fiber transport dirt discharge area 41 dirt particles 39, which has exposed the opening roller 21 when combing the individual fibers 40, excreted. That is, the relatively heavy dirt particles 39 become, as in Fig.2 shown, while the single fibers 40, stabilized by an incoming suction air stream 42, on the opening rollers set 35 of the opening roller 21 or remain in the rotational flow.

The individual fibers 40 are conveyed by the opening roller 21 to the inlet region 43 of a fiber guide 14 where they dissolve under the influence of a force acting in the fiber guide 14 vacuum flow and the force acting on the individual fibers 40 centrifugal force of the opening roller assembly 35 of the opening roller 21 and on the Faserleitkanal 14 the spinning rotor 3 are fed.

In the inlet region 43 of the fiber guide channel 14, a boundary layer suction device 28 according to the invention is installed. That is, in the input region of the wall 30 of the fiber guide 14, which is arranged tangentially to the opening roller 21 at least partially surrounding peripheral wall 31, suction openings 29 are arranged, which are connected via a vacuum passage 32 to the vacuum-pressurized rotor housing 2.

The negative pressure prevailing in the rotor housing 2 during the spinning operation ensures that a suction air flow 44 is produced in the vacuum passage 32, which causes the inlet openings 29 to be given an air pressure which is slightly below the air pressure prevailing in the inlet region 43 of the fiber guide channel 14.

By this pressure difference, a suction air flow is initiated, which ensures a defined extraction of the boundary layer and thus prevents the fiber stream entering the fiber guide channel 14 from being negatively influenced by a turbulent flow in the boundary layer region.

The Figure 3 schematically shows the flow conditions in the inlet region 43 of a Faserleitkanals 14, when in this Area no inventive boundary layer suction device 28 is installed.

As indicated, by the opening roller assembly 35 of the opening roller 21 and a initiated by the spinning vacuum and the rotating opening roller 21 rotational flow 45 individual fibers 40 transported in the inlet region 43 of a Faserleitkanals 14 where gravitational and attracted by an effective in Faserleitkanal 14 Saugluftströmung 46 of solve the opening roller assembly 35 and 35 from the rotational flow and enter the Faserleitkanal 14.

In this case, the fiber guide channel 14 has in its entry region 43 an entry depth designated by the reference numeral 50, that is to say a region in which the individual fibers 40 can enter into the fiber guide channel 14.

In practice, however, the entry depth 50 of the fiber guide channel 14 is significantly reduced by the prevailing flow conditions.

As in Figure 3 As shown, a flow separation 48 generally forms in the entry region of the wall 30 of the fiber guide channel 14, which, even in conjunction with a counterflow effective in the region of the opposite fiber guide channel wall 47, considerably limits the entry depth, as indicated by the reference numeral 51.

The use of a boundary layer suction device 28 according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of such a flow separation 48 and thus a significant reduction in the entry depth 50 of the fiber guide channel 14 in the region of the wall 30 of the fiber guide channel 14.

Claims (9)

1. Open-end spinning device with a spinning rotor, which is rotatably mounted in a negative-pressure loadable rotor housing and is pneumatically connected to an opening roller rotatably mounted in an opening roller housing by means of a conically tapering fibre guide channel, and with a pneumatic mechanism arranged in the region of the fibre guide channel for influencing a transporting air flow present in the fibre guide channel, characterised in that a boundary layer extractor (28) is installed on the inlet side of the fibre guide channel (14).
2. Open-end spinning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the boundary layer extractor (28) has suction openings (29), which are installed in the region of a wall (30) of the fibre guide channel (14), which wall is arranged tangentially with respect to a peripheral wall (31), which surrounds the opening roller (21), of the opening roller housing (17).
3. Open-end spinning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the suction openings (29) are connected by a negative pressure channel (32) to the rotor housing (2) of the open-end spinning device (1).
4. Open-end spinning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the suction force effective in the region of the boundary layer extractor (28) can be predetermined in a defined manner by means of the configuration and/or the number of suction openings (29).
5. Open-end spinning device according to claim 4, characterised in that the boundary layer extractor (28) is configured in such a way that different suction forces are effective in the region of the boundary layer extractor (28).
6. Open-end spinning device according to claim 2, characterised in that the suction openings (29) are configured as slots.
7. Open-end spinning device according to claim 6, characterised in that the slots (29) are oriented in the flow direction (F) of the individual fibre flow.
8. Open-end spinning device according to claim 6, characterised in that the slots (29) are oriented orthogonally with respect to the flow direction (F) of the individual fibre flow.
9. Open-end spinning device according to claim 6, characterised in that the slots (29) are oriented obliquely with respect to the flow direction (F) of the individual fibre flow.

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