EP2511595B1 - Headlamp with low half-peak divergence - Google Patents
Headlamp with low half-peak divergence Download PDFInfo
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- EP2511595B1 EP2511595B1 EP11003198.6A EP11003198A EP2511595B1 EP 2511595 B1 EP2511595 B1 EP 2511595B1 EP 11003198 A EP11003198 A EP 11003198A EP 2511595 B1 EP2511595 B1 EP 2511595B1
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- Prior art keywords
- reflector
- light
- floodlight
- shield
- optical axis
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V1/00—Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V11/00—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
- F21V11/16—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00 using sheets without apertures, e.g. fixed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/12—Combinations of only three kinds of elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/06—Optical design with parabolic curvature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a headlamp, in particular a downlight, according to the preamble of the independent claims 1 and 7.
- Such a headlamp comprises a reflector with a light inlet opening, a light exit opening and an optical axis. Furthermore, the headlamp comprises a light source arranged at the light inlet opening of the reflector and a tubular aperture.
- the aperture is disposed within the reflector and concentric with the optical axis and has a first end and a second end. The first end of the tubular aperture faces the light entrance opening of the reflector. The first end of the tubular aperture is thus closer to the light entrance aperture of the reflector than the second end of the tubular aperture.
- headlamps with a wide variety of light distributions are required.
- headlamps are used for various lighting purposes, which radiate a highly concentrated light with a nearly parallel beam path or merely lightly opening beam path.
- an ideal symmetrical, ie circular, light distribution is desired, such headlights can be described by the so-called half-beam angle. This angle indicates at which angle apart from the optical axis of the headlamp half of the maximum light intensity is reached. The smaller this angle, the closer the headlamp focuses the light.
- the invention is therefore based on a headlamp with inner tubular aperture.
- the obliquely emitted by the light source light which would otherwise be emitted through the light exit opening of the reflector, is absorbed by the inner panel. Due to the finite axial extent of the tubular aperture not all unwanted light can be absorbed. It goes without saying that the bundling of the headlight is better, the longer the reflector and aperture are made.
- the bundling of the headlight of such known from the prior art headlight is relatively good even with relatively short reflectors or short overall length of the headlamp, the luminous efficacy and thus the efficiency of such headlights is not optimal, as a significant part of the light emitted from the light source Light is absorbed through the tubular aperture.
- a light guide which plays the function of bundling.
- a system is for example off DE 10340039 B4 known.
- the light source shown there an LED
- the light guide is solid and made of transparent plastic.
- the light exit surface of the optical waveguide is convex, so that the obliquely emitted by the LED light is aligned almost parallel. Outside this central region, the light exit surface of the light guide body is conical.
- the outer shape of the optical waveguide corresponds to the shape of a parabolic reflector and is embodied such that a total reflection of the light emitted by the light source takes place on this lateral surface.
- the light is therefore deflected at this lateral surface obliquely in the direction of the optical axis and also diffracted at the exit from the conical light exit surface to a parallel beam path.
- the US 2010/0254128 A1 discloses a radiator equipped with LEDs of different colors.
- the spotlight has an outer reflector, in whose focal point an inner reflector is arranged.
- the light emitted by the LEDs light is passed through a tubular light guide to the inner reflector, reflected there, and finally emitted from the outer reflector through the light exit opening of the radiator.
- the headlight according to the invention should also be easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
- the converging lens By the converging lens, a large part of the light emitted by the light source, which would be absorbed in headlamps of the type mentioned on the inside of the tubular aperture, be bundled so that it leaves the tubular aperture as a focused spotlight. As a result, far less light is absorbed by the diaphragm compared to the known from the prior art headlamps of the type mentioned. Thus, the light emitted by the light source can be better utilized, which significantly increases the efficiency of the headlamp according to the invention over that of the known from the prior art headlights.
- the bundling lens also improves the focusing of the headlight.
- the headlight according to the invention can be made extremely inexpensive and easy.
- the following embodiments relate to the inventive solution with converging lens.
- the converging lens is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm.
- the first end of the aperture is along the optical axis of the headlamp or reflector at some distance from the light source, but the first end of the aperture is closer to the light source than the second end.
- the condenser lens is disposed at the first end of the aperture, much of the light passing through the aperture can be diffracted such that it leaves the aperture as collimated spotlight.
- the arrangement of the converging lens at the first end of the shutter thus prevents a significant portion of the light from being absorbed by the shutter. By this arrangement, therefore, a very good efficiency is achieved.
- the converging lens is made plano-convex, with the flat side of the condenser lens facing the light source. As a result, the effective light output is further improved.
- the plane side of the converging lens terminates with the first end of the diaphragm. This ensures on the one hand a simple installation and on the other hand a high efficiency.
- the refractive power of the condenser lens is dimensioned such that the beam path of the light passing through the aperture of the light source corresponds in its extension transverse to the optical axis of the inner contour of the aperture.
- the converging lens is arranged at a distance from the light source, which corresponds to the focal length of the converging lens.
- the auxiliary reflector is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm.
- the first end of the aperture is along the optical axis of the headlamp or reflector at some distance from the light source, but the first end of the aperture is closer to the light source than the second end. If the auxiliary reflector is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm, a large part of the light entering the diaphragm can be reflected by the additional reflector in such a way that it leaves the diaphragm as focused headlight light.
- the arrangement of the additional reflector at the first end of the shutter thus prevents a considerable portion of the light from being absorbed by the shutter. By this arrangement, therefore, a very good efficiency is achieved.
- the additional reflector is designed as a parabolic reflector. This achieves a very good bundling effect.
- the additional reflector comprises a focal point, wherein the light source is located in the focal point of the additional reflector. Since the light source has a finite extent, it is to be understood that the light center of gravity of the light source should be in focus. Thus, much of the light emitted by the light source can be effectively used. The efficiency is particularly high in this case.
- the following embodiments relate both to the solution according to the invention with additional reflector and to the solution according to the invention with condenser lens.
- the tubular diaphragm is cylindrical. This shape of the aperture is particularly suitable for a strong focusing headlamp with extremely low half-beam angle and high efficiency.
- the diaphragm is provided on its outer, the reflector-facing side with a light-absorbing coating.
- the diaphragm is also provided internally with a light-absorbing coating.
- the light source is an LED light source.
- the optical properties of the headlight according to the invention or its arrangement can be used optimally.
- FIG. 1 shows an oblique view of a headlamp 1 according to the invention, wherein the headlamp 1 is shown cut lengthwise.
- the light source of the headlamp 1 is an LED 6, which is located in the light entrance opening 3 of the parabolic reflector 2.
- the optical axis of the parabolic reflector 2 is designated by the reference numeral 5.
- the LED 6 is located in the focal point of the parabolic reflector. 2
- a tubular cylindrical aperture 7 is provided within the reflector and concentric with this arranged.
- the diaphragm 7 is held by suitable struts 11 concentric with the reflector 2 and its optical axis 5.
- the struts 11 extend between the reflector and the diaphragm and, as in the case shown, can be designed, for example, as radially extending struts. However, it is also possible to perform the struts parallel to the optical axis 5, in which case they are connected, so to speak, as an extension of the cylindrical aperture 7 with the lower end of the reflector at the light inlet opening 3.
- a plano-convex converging lens 10 is arranged, the plane side with the first end 8 of the tubular aperture 7 terminates.
- the distance of the converging lens 10 from the LED 6 and the refractive power of the converging lens 10 are dimensioned such that the LED 6 is located at the focal point of the converging lens 10.
- the plano-convex converging lens 10 is bordered with its edge in the cylindrical tubular aperture 7.
- the second end 9 of the tubular aperture 7 terminates for aesthetic reasons with the light exit opening 4 of the reflector 2 from.
- the tubular diaphragm 7 protrudes beyond the light exit opening 4 of the reflector 2. This version may be desired for aesthetic reasons. Since the tubular diaphragm 7 is arranged concentrically to the reflector 2, the optical axis of the converging lens 10 coincides with the optical axis of the reflector.
- FIG. 2 the effect of the optical system of the headlamp 1 according to the invention is illustrated.
- the light emitted by the LED 6 is divided into an inner beam path 12. 1, 12. 2 and an outer beam path 13.
- the beam path 12. 1 widening by the LED 6 is converted by the convergent lens 10 into a nearly parallel beam path 12.
- On the way between the converging lens 10 and the the second end 9 and the light exit opening 4, a large part of the undesired obliquely emitted to the optical axis 5 light is absorbed on the inner wall of the tubular aperture 7.
- the inner wall of the tubular diaphragm 7 is provided for this purpose with a light-absorbing coating.
- the outer beam path 13 is in FIG. 2 symbolized by the rays 13.1, 13.2 and 13.3.
- the light component of the light emitted by the LED 6, which does not enter the converging lens 10 or the tubular diaphragm 7, but at the lower first end 8 of the tubular diaphragm passes, reflected and almost parallel to the optical axis. 5 radiated.
- the light emitted by the LED 6 can not escape directly through the light exit opening 4 of the parabolic reflector 2. All light of the outer beam path 13 is therefore reflected on the inner wall of the reflector 2.
- the tubular diaphragm 7 is also provided on the outside with an absorbent coating.
- the light-absorbing coating consists of a deep black matt finish both inside and out.
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a headlight according to the invention with additional reflector 14.
- the headlight 1 is substantially the same structure as the headlight from the Figures 1 and 2 , wherein instead of the converging lens, an additional reflector 14 is used.
- This is, as well as the condenser lens in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment, arranged at the first end 8 of the tubular aperture 7, so that the light inlet opening 15 of the additional reflector 14 terminates with the first end 8 of the tubular aperture 7.
- the additional reflector 14 is designed as a parabolic reflector, and widens along the optical axis 5, so that the light exit opening 16 of the additional reflector 14 corresponds in diameter to the diameter of the tubular aperture 7.
- the additional reflector 14 designed as a parabolic reflector is designed in such a way that the light source 6 is at its focal point.
- the inner beam path 12.1 is in accordance with the inventive headlight Fig. 3 in a bundled beam path 12.2, but here by reflection of the emitted light from the light source 6 on the wall of the reflector 14 illustrates the effect of the additional reflector 14 on the basis of the light beam 12.3, starting from the LED 6 obliquely impinges on the inner wall of the additional reflector 14 and is reflected there to a nearly paraxial beam.
- the focal point of the main reflector 2 and the focal point of the additional reflector 14 coincide, namely in the location of the light source or its light center.
- headlights according to the invention are also suitable for light sources other than the LED 6 shown.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Scheinwerfer, insbesondere ein Downlight, nach dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 7.The present invention relates to a headlamp, in particular a downlight, according to the preamble of the
Ein derartiger Scheinwerfer umfasst einen Reflektor mir einer Lichteintrittsöffnung, einer Lichtaustrittsöffnung und einer optischen Achse. Ferner umfasst der Scheinwerfer eine an der Lichteintrittsöffnung des Reflektors angeordnete Lichtquelle sowie eine rohrförmige Blende. Die Blende ist innerhalb des Reflektors und konzentrisch zur optischen Achse angeordnet und weist ein erstes Ende sowie ein zweites Ende auf. Das erste Ende der rohrförmigen Blende ist der Lichteintrittsöffnung des Reflektors zugewandt. Das erste Ende der rohrförmigen Blende befindet sich damit näher an der Lichteintrittsöffnung des Reflektors als das zweite Ende der rohrförmigen Blende.Such a headlamp comprises a reflector with a light inlet opening, a light exit opening and an optical axis. Furthermore, the headlamp comprises a light source arranged at the light inlet opening of the reflector and a tubular aperture. The aperture is disposed within the reflector and concentric with the optical axis and has a first end and a second end. The first end of the tubular aperture faces the light entrance opening of the reflector. The first end of the tubular aperture is thus closer to the light entrance aperture of the reflector than the second end of the tubular aperture.
In der Beleuchtungstechnik werden Scheinwerfer mit verschiedensten Lichtverteilungen benötigt. Insbesondere werden für verschiedene Beleuchtungszwecke Scheinwerfer eingesetzt, die ein stark gebündeltes Licht mit nahezu parallelem Strahlengang oder sich lediglich leicht öffnendem Strahlengang abstrahlen. Sofern dabei eine idealsymmetrische, das bedeutet kreisrunde, Lichtverteilung gewünscht ist, lassen sich derartige Scheinwerfer durch den sogenannten Halbstreuwinkel beschreiben. Dieser Winkel gibt an, bei welchem Winkel abseits der optischen Achse des Scheinwerfers die Hälfte der maximalen Lichtstärke erreicht ist. Je kleiner dieser Winkel ist, umso enger bündelt der Scheinwerfer das Licht.In lighting technology, headlamps with a wide variety of light distributions are required. In particular, headlamps are used for various lighting purposes, which radiate a highly concentrated light with a nearly parallel beam path or merely lightly opening beam path. If an ideal symmetrical, ie circular, light distribution is desired, such headlights can be described by the so-called half-beam angle. This angle indicates at which angle apart from the optical axis of the headlamp half of the maximum light intensity is reached. The smaller this angle, the closer the headlamp focuses the light.
Um sehr kleine Halbstreuwinkel erzielen zu können, werden sehr tiefe Reflektoren benötigt, d.h. Reflektoren, deren Ausdehnung entlang der optischen Achse sehr groß ist. Diese tiefen Reflektoren werden benötigt, damit möglichst wenig direktes Licht von der Lampe bzw. Lichtquelle außerhalb des gewünschten engen Lichtbündels austreten kann. Für einen idealen Scheinwerfer müsste der Reflektor demnach unendlich lang sein. Üblicherweise wird daher versucht, das direkt austretende Licht der Lichtquelle durch entweder innere oder äußere Blenden abzuschotten. Dadurch kann auch mit relativ kurzen Reflektoren ein eng gebündeltes Scheinwerferlicht erzeugt werden. Äußere Blenden haben dabei den Nachteil, dass durch sie wiederum die Länge des Scheinwerfers vergrößert wird. Auch aus ästhetischen Gründen sind äußere Blenden daher oft nicht erwünscht. Wie oben beschrieben, geht die Erfindung daher von einem Scheinwerfer mit innerer rohrförmiger Blende aus. Das von der Lichtquelle schräg ausfallende Licht, welches ansonsten durch die Lichtaustrittsöffnung des Reflektors ausgestrahlt werden würde, wird von der inneren Blende absorbiert. Aufgrund der endlichen axialen Ausdehnung der rohrförmigen Blende kann dabei auch nicht sämtliches unerwünschtes Licht absorbiert werden. Auch hier gilt selbstverständlich, dass die Bündelung des Scheinwerferlichts umso besser ist, je länger Reflektor und Blende ausgeführt sind.In order to be able to achieve very small half-beam angles, very deep reflectors are needed, ie reflectors whose dimensions along the optical axis are very large. These deep reflectors are required so that as little direct light as possible can escape from the lamp or light source outside the desired narrow light bundle. For an ideal headlight, the reflector would therefore have to be infinitely long. Usually, therefore, it is attempted to seal off the directly exiting light from the light source through either inner or outer shutters. As a result, a tightly focused headlight can be generated even with relatively short reflectors. Outer diaphragms have the disadvantage that in turn the length of the headlamp is increased by them. For aesthetic reasons, external blinds are therefore often undesirable. As described above, the invention is therefore based on a headlamp with inner tubular aperture. The obliquely emitted by the light source light, which would otherwise be emitted through the light exit opening of the reflector, is absorbed by the inner panel. Due to the finite axial extent of the tubular aperture not all unwanted light can be absorbed. It goes without saying that the bundling of the headlight is better, the longer the reflector and aperture are made.
Während die Bündelung des Scheinwerferlichts derartiger aus dem Stand der Technik bekannter Scheinwerfer auch bei relativ kurzen Reflektoren bzw. kurzer Gesamtbaulänge des Scheinwerfers relativ gut ist, ist die Lichtausbeute und damit der Wirkungsgrad derartiger Scheinwerfer nicht optimal, da ein nicht unerheblicher Teil des von der Lichtquelle ausgesandten Lichts durch die rohrförmige Blende absorbiert wird.While the bundling of the headlight of such known from the prior art headlight is relatively good even with relatively short reflectors or short overall length of the headlamp, the luminous efficacy and thus the efficiency of such headlights is not optimal, as a significant part of the light emitted from the light source Light is absorbed through the tubular aperture.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es ebenfalls bekannt, auf die Lichtquelle einen Lichtleitkörper aufzusetzen, dem die Funktion der Bündelung zukommt. Ein derartiges System ist beispielsweise aus
Strahler mit massivem Lichtleitkörper, welchen ein ähnliches Prinzip zugrunde liegt, sind zudem bekannt aus
Während die Bündelungswirkung dieser aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten massiven Lichtleitkörper je nach Ausgestaltung relativ gut sein kann, sind derartige Lichtleitkörper jedoch relativ schwer und aufwendig herzustellen. Das hohe Gewicht aufgrund der massiven Ausführung der Lichtleitkörper beschränkt den Einsatz daher in der Regel auf kleine und Kleinststrahler, wohingegen ein Einsatz massiver Lichtleitkörper bei größeren Scheinwerfern aufgrund des großen Gewichts und der hohen Materialkosten in der Regel ausscheidet. Zudem sind derartige Lichtleitkörper relativ unflexibel, was die verwendete Lichtquelle anbelangt. Derartige massive Lichtleitkörper werden zumeist direkt auf LEDs aufgespritzt.While the bundling effect of this known from the prior art massive light guide can be relatively good depending on the configuration, such light guide are relatively difficult and expensive to produce. The heavy weight due to the massive Therefore, the design of the light-conducting body generally limits the use to small and very small radiators, whereas the use of solid light-conducting bodies in larger headlamps usually ceases due to the large weight and the high material costs. In addition, such light guide are relatively inflexible, as far as the light source used. Such massive light guide are usually sprayed directly on LEDs.
Die
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Scheinwerfer der eingangs genannten Art mit geringem Halbstreuwinkel und verbessertem Wirkungsgrad bereitzustellen. Der erfindungsgemäße Scheinwerfer soll zudem einfach und kostengünstig in der Herstellung sein.It is an object of the present invention to provide a headlamp of the type mentioned with low half-angle angle and improved efficiency. The headlight according to the invention should also be easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Demnach liegt dann eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe vor, wenn eine in der Blende angeordnete Sammellinse vorgesehen ist, deren optische Achse mit der optischen Achse des Reflektors zusammenfällt.The object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. Accordingly, then an inventive solution to the problem, when a arranged in the diaphragm converging lens is provided, whose optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the reflector.
Durch die Sammellinse kann ein Großteil des von der Lichtquelle ausgesandten Lichts, das bei Scheinwerfern der eingangs genannten Art an der Innenseite der rohrförmigen Blende absorbiert würde, derart gebündelt werden, dass es die rohrförmige Blende als gebündeltes Scheinwerferlicht verlässt. Dadurch wird im Vergleich zu den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Scheinwerfern der eingangs genannten Art weitaus weniger Licht durch die Blende absorbiert. Somit kann das von der Lichtquelle ausgesandte Licht besser genutzt werden, wodurch sich der Wirkungsgrad des erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers gegenüber dem der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Scheinwerfer deutlich erhöht. Zudem wird durch die Sammellinse auch die Bündelung des Scheinwerferlichts verbessert. Der erfindungsgemäße Scheinwerfer kann äußerst kostengünstig und einfach hergestellt werden.By the converging lens, a large part of the light emitted by the light source, which would be absorbed in headlamps of the type mentioned on the inside of the tubular aperture, be bundled so that it leaves the tubular aperture as a focused spotlight. As a result, far less light is absorbed by the diaphragm compared to the known from the prior art headlamps of the type mentioned. Thus, the light emitted by the light source can be better utilized, which significantly increases the efficiency of the headlamp according to the invention over that of the known from the prior art headlights. In addition, the bundling lens also improves the focusing of the headlight. The headlight according to the invention can be made extremely inexpensive and easy.
Die Aufgabe wird ferner gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 7. Demnach liegt auch dann eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe vor, wenn ein in der Blende angeordneter bündelnder Zusatzreflektor vorgesehen ist, dessen optische Achse mit der optischen Achse des Reflektors zusammenfällt. Die oben genannten Vorteile eines erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers mit Sammellinse werden auch bei Verwendung eines Zusatzreflektors erreicht. Gegenüber einer Sammellinse bietet die alternative erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit Zusatzreflektor den Vorteil einer äußerst leichten Bauweise. Auch ist der erfindungsgemäße Scheinwerfer mit Zusatzreflektor sehr günstig in der Herstellung.The object is further achieved by the features of
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die folgenden Ausgestaltungen beziehen sich auf die erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit Sammellinse.The following embodiments relate to the inventive solution with converging lens.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Sammellinse am ersten Ende der Blende angeordnet. Das erste Ende der Blende befindet sich entlang der optischen Achse des Scheinwerfers bzw. des Reflektors in einem gewissen Abstand von der Lichtquelle, jedoch ist das erste Ende der Blende näher an der Lichtquelle als das zweite Ende. Wenn die Sammellinse am ersten Ende der Blende angeordnet ist, so kann ein Großteil des durch die Blende hindurchtretenden Lichts derart gebeugt werden, dass es die Blende als gebündeltes Scheinwerferlicht verlässt. Die Anordnung der Sammellinse am ersten Ende der Blende verhindert somit, dass ein beträchtlicher Anteil des Lichts von der Blende absorbiert wird. Durch diese Anordnung wird daher ein sehr guter Wirkungsgrad erreicht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converging lens is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm. The first end of the aperture is along the optical axis of the headlamp or reflector at some distance from the light source, but the first end of the aperture is closer to the light source than the second end. When the condenser lens is disposed at the first end of the aperture, much of the light passing through the aperture can be diffracted such that it leaves the aperture as collimated spotlight. The arrangement of the converging lens at the first end of the shutter thus prevents a significant portion of the light from being absorbed by the shutter. By this arrangement, therefore, a very good efficiency is achieved.
Als besonders vorteilig hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Sammellinse plankonvex ausgeführt ist, wobei die plane Seite der Sammellinse der Lichtquelle zugewandt ist. Dadurch wird die effektive Lichtausbeute nochmals verbessert.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the converging lens is made plano-convex, with the flat side of the condenser lens facing the light source. As a result, the effective light output is further improved.
Ganz besonders von Vorteil ist dabei, wenn die plane Seite der Sammellinse mit dem ersten Ende der Blende abschließt. Dies gewährleistet zum einen eine einfache Montage und zum anderen einen hohen Wirkungsgrad.It is particularly advantageous if the plane side of the converging lens terminates with the first end of the diaphragm. This ensures on the one hand a simple installation and on the other hand a high efficiency.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Brechwert der Sammellinse so bemessen, dass der Strahlengang des durch die Blende hindurchtretenden Lichts der Lichtquelle in seiner Ausdehnung quer zur optischen Achse der Innenkontur der Blende entspricht. Dadurch wird eine sehr hohe Lichtausbeute und damit ein hoher Wirkungsgrad erzielt.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refractive power of the condenser lens is dimensioned such that the beam path of the light passing through the aperture of the light source corresponds in its extension transverse to the optical axis of the inner contour of the aperture. As a result, a very high light output and thus a high efficiency is achieved.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Sammellinse in einem Abstand zur Lichtquelle angeordnet, welcher der Brennweite der Sammellinse entspricht. Dadurch kann zumindest ein Großteil des von der Lichtquelle abgestrahlten Lichts durch die Sammellinse in einen nahezu parallelen Strahlengang überführt werden.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converging lens is arranged at a distance from the light source, which corresponds to the focal length of the converging lens. As a result, at least a large part of the light emitted by the light source can be converted by the converging lens into a nearly parallel beam path.
Die folgenden Ausgestaltungen beziehen sich auf die erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit Zusatzreflektor.The following embodiments relate to the inventive solution with additional reflector.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Zusatzreflektor am ersten Ende der Blende angeordnet. Das erste Ende der Blende befindet sich entlang der optischen Achse des Scheinwerfers bzw. des Reflektors in einem gewissen Abstand von der Lichtquelle, jedoch ist das erste Ende der Blende näher an der Lichtquelle als das zweite Ende. Wenn der Zusatzreflektor am ersten Ende der Blende angeordnet ist, so kann ein Großteil des in die Blende eintretenden Lichts vom Zusatzreflektor derart reflektiert werden, dass es die Blende als gebündeltes Scheinwerferlicht verlässt. Die Anordnung des Zusatzreflektors am ersten Ende der Blende verhindert somit, dass ein beträchtlicher Anteil des Lichts von der Blende absorbiert wird. Durch diese Anordnung wird daher ein sehr guter Wirkungsgrad erreicht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary reflector is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm. The first end of the aperture is along the optical axis of the headlamp or reflector at some distance from the light source, but the first end of the aperture is closer to the light source than the second end. If the auxiliary reflector is arranged at the first end of the diaphragm, a large part of the light entering the diaphragm can be reflected by the additional reflector in such a way that it leaves the diaphragm as focused headlight light. The arrangement of the additional reflector at the first end of the shutter thus prevents a considerable portion of the light from being absorbed by the shutter. By this arrangement, therefore, a very good efficiency is achieved.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Zusatzreflektor als Parabolreflektor ausgebildet. Dadurch wird eine sehr gute Bündelungswirkung erzielt.In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additional reflector is designed as a parabolic reflector. This achieves a very good bundling effect.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst der Zusatzreflektor einen Brennpunkt, wobei sich die Lichtquelle im Brennpunkt des Zusatzreflektors befindet. Da die Lichtquelle eine endliche Ausdehnung hat, ist darunter zu verstehen, dass der Lichtschwerpunkt der Lichtquelle im Brennpunkt liegen soll. So kann ein Großteil des von der Lichtquelle ausgestrahlten Lichts effektiv genutzt werden. Der Wirkungsgrad ist in diesem Fall besonders hoch. Die folgenden Ausgestaltungen beziehen sich sowohl auf die erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit Zusatzreflektor als auch auf die erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit Sammellinse.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additional reflector comprises a focal point, wherein the light source is located in the focal point of the additional reflector. Since the light source has a finite extent, it is to be understood that the light center of gravity of the light source should be in focus. Thus, much of the light emitted by the light source can be effectively used. The efficiency is particularly high in this case. The following embodiments relate both to the solution according to the invention with additional reflector and to the solution according to the invention with condenser lens.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die röhrenförmige Blende zylindrisch ausgeführt ist. Diese Form der Blende eignet sich besonders für einen stark bündelnden Scheinwerfer mit äußerst geringem Halbstreuwinkel und hohem Wirkungsgrad.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention it is provided that the tubular diaphragm is cylindrical. This shape of the aperture is particularly suitable for a strong focusing headlamp with extremely low half-beam angle and high efficiency.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Blende auf ihrer äußeren, dem Reflektor zugewandten Seite mit einer lichtabsorbierenden Beschichtung versehen. Dadurch wird unerwünschtes Streulicht des äußeren Strahlengangs zwischen Reflektor und Blende an der äußeren Seite der Blende optimal absorbiert. Dadurch können äußerst geringe Halbstreuwinkel erzielt werden.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm is provided on its outer, the reflector-facing side with a light-absorbing coating. As a result, unwanted scattered light of the outer beam path between the reflector and diaphragm is optimally absorbed on the outer side of the diaphragm. As a result, extremely low half-angle can be achieved.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Blende auch innen mit einer lichtabsorbierenden Beschichtung versehen. Dadurch wird unerwünschtes Streulicht des inneren Strahlengangs, das von der Sammellinse insbesondere aufgrund der Ausdehnung der Lichtquelle quer zur optischen Achse nicht optimal gebündelt werden kann, zuverlässig absorbiert. Auch hierdurch wird die Bündelung des Scheinwerferlichts verbessert.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm is also provided internally with a light-absorbing coating. As a result, unwanted scattered light of the inner beam path, which can not be optimally bundled by the converging lens, in particular due to the extension of the light source transversely to the optical axis, reliably absorbed. This also improves the bundling of the headlight light.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei der Lichtquelle um eine LED-Lichtquelle. Mit einer LED als Lichtquelle können die optischen Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers bzw. dessen Anordnung optimal genutzt werden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light source is an LED light source. With an LED as a light source, the optical properties of the headlight according to the invention or its arrangement can be used optimally.
Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- Eine Schrägansicht eines Längsschnitts eines erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers mit Sammellinse,
- Figur 2:
- Den Längsschnitt aus
Figur 1 in der Draufsicht mit Verdeutlichung des Strahlengangs, und - Figur 3:
- Einen Längsschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers mit Zusatzreflektor.
- FIG. 1 :
- An oblique view of a longitudinal section of a headlamp according to the invention with a converging lens,
- FIG. 2 :
- The longitudinal section
FIG. 1 in the plan view with clarification of the beam path, and - FIG. 3 :
- A longitudinal section of a headlamp according to the invention with additional reflector.
Für die folgenden Ausführungen gilt, dass gleiche Teile durch gleiche Bezugszeichen bezeichnet sind.For the following statements applies that the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
Innerhalb des Reflektors und konzentrisch zu diesem angeordnet ist eine tubusförmige zylindrische Blende 7 vorgesehen. Die Blende 7 wird durch geeignete Streben 11 konzentrisch zum Reflektor 2 bzw. dessen optischer Achse 5 gehalten. Die Streben 11 verlaufen zwischen Reflektor und Blende und können, wie im gezeigten Fall, beispielsweise als radial verlaufende Streben ausgeführt sein. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Streben parallel zur optischen Achse 5 auszuführen, wobei sie in diesem Fall sozusagen als Verlängerung der zylindrischen Blende 7 mit dem unteren Ende des Reflektors an der Lichteintrittsöffnung 3 verbunden sind.Within the reflector and concentric with this arranged a tubular
In der Darstellung der
In
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer 1 aus
Es wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass sich die erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer auch für andere Lichtquellen als die gezeigte LED 6 eignen.It is expressly pointed out that the headlights according to the invention are also suitable for light sources other than the
Claims (14)
- A floodlight (1), in particular a downlight, with a reflector (2) with a light inlet opening (3), a light outlet opening (4) and an optical axis (5), a light source (6) arranged on the light inlet opening (3), and with a tubular shield (7), wherein the shield (7) is arranged inside the reflector (2) and concentrically with the optical axis (5) and has a first end (8) and a second end (9), wherein the first end (8) faces the light inlet opening (3) of the reflector (2), characterized in that a converging lens (10), which is arranged in the shield (7) and the optical axis of which coincides with the optical axis (5) of the reflector (2), is further provided.
- A floodlight (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the converging lens (10) is arranged at the first end (8) of the shield (7).
- A floodlight (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the converging lens (10) is made plano-convex, wherein the plane side of the converging lens (10) faces the light source (6).
- A floodlight (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the plane side of the converging lens (10) terminates with the first end (8) of the shield (7).
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the refractive power of the converging lens (10) is designed to be such that the beam path (12.2) of the light of the light source (6) passing through the shield (7) corresponds in the extension thereof transverse to the optical axis (5) to the internal contour of the shield (7).
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the converging lens (10) is arranged at a distance from the light source (6) which corresponds to the focal length of the converging lens (10).
- A floodlight (1), in particular a downlight, with a reflector (2) with a light inlet opening (3), a light outlet opening (4) and an optical axis (5), a light source (6) arranged on the light inlet opening (3), and with a tubular shield (7), wherein the shield (7) is arranged inside the reflector (2) and concentrically with the optical axis (5) and has a first end (8) and a second end (9), wherein the first end (8) faces the light inlet opening (3) of the reflector (2), characterized in that a bundling additional reflector (14), which is arranged in the shield (7) and the optical axis of which coincides with the optical axis (5) of the reflector (2), is further provided.
- A floodlight (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the additional reflector (14) is arranged at the first end (8) of the shield (7).
- A floodlight according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the additional reflector (14) is designed in the form of a parabolic reflector.
- A floodlight according to any one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the additional reflector (14) has a focal point, wherein the light source (6) is situated at the focal point of the additional reflector (14).
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tubular shield (7) is made cylindrical.
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shield (7) is provided on the outer side thereof facing the reflector (2) with a light-absorbing coating.
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shield (7) is provided on the inside with a light-absorbing coating.
- A floodlight (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the light source (6) is an LED light source.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11003198.6A EP2511595B1 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | Headlamp with low half-peak divergence |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11003198.6A EP2511595B1 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | Headlamp with low half-peak divergence |
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EP2511595A1 EP2511595A1 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
EP2511595B1 true EP2511595B1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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US6547423B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-04-15 | Koninklijke Phillips Electronics N.V. | LED collimation optics with improved performance and reduced size |
JP2004259541A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Cateye Co Ltd | Lighting fixture |
DE10340039B4 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2011-01-05 | Odelo Gmbh | Lighting unit with light source and this downstream transparent light guide body |
DE102004004772B4 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2008-09-11 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Electromagnetic radiation directing optical element and electromagnetic radiation emitting device |
ATE453930T1 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2010-01-15 | Fiat Ricerche | OPTICAL ELEMENT AND MODULE FOR PROJECTING A BUNDLE OF LIGHTS, AND MOTOR VEHICLE LAMP HAVING A PLURALITY OF SUCH MODULES |
US7125147B2 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2006-10-24 | Waring Patrick S | Method and apparatus for directing light from a light source |
US8529102B2 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2013-09-10 | Cree, Inc. | Reflector system for lighting device |
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