EP2438203A1 - Method for producing an agglomerate made of fine material containing metal oxide for use as a blast furnace feed material - Google Patents
Method for producing an agglomerate made of fine material containing metal oxide for use as a blast furnace feed materialInfo
- Publication number
- EP2438203A1 EP2438203A1 EP10722706A EP10722706A EP2438203A1 EP 2438203 A1 EP2438203 A1 EP 2438203A1 EP 10722706 A EP10722706 A EP 10722706A EP 10722706 A EP10722706 A EP 10722706A EP 2438203 A1 EP2438203 A1 EP 2438203A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- mineral
- weight
- fines
- lime
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Ca+2] YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NINOVVRCHXVOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NINOVVRCHXVOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
- C22B1/205—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates regulation of the sintering process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an agglomerate comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder.
- the invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be produced by the process according to the invention, and to a premix for the production of the blast furnace feed.
- Finely divided iron ore-containing substances are obtained, for example, during sieving of the lump or by other treatment methods.
- the use of these finely divided ores has the advantage that these ores are readily available and inexpensive. It is common to agglomerate the finely divided ores prior to their use. In this way, dust formation in the blast furnace can be kept low.
- the agglomeration has the additional advantage that the agglomerates formed can be easily melted and have a good gas permeability. Thus, the reducing gases can be sucked through the ores without much effort. Finally, the use of agglomerates can reduce rust diarrhea.
- pelletization A common form of agglomeration of finely divided ores is pelletization.
- a smelting furnace such as a blast furnace
- the pellets often do not have sufficient mechanical strength. This has a detrimental effect in particular during transport and handling of the pellets.
- the known pellets are often not sufficiently permeable to hot
- sintering Another common form of processing of not immediately usable fine ores is sintering.
- This also fine ores can be used, which are difficult to agglomerate due to their grain size and properties.
- difficult to agglomerate fine ores typically have mean grain diameters of up to 2 mm, more typically from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm (inter-particle sizes).
- the binder used is usually lime-based products. Lime-based products increase the cohesion of fine ores. Nevertheless, the proportion of fine ores which are difficult to agglomerate remains limited since a high proportion of these grain sizes weaken the cohesion of the sintered product and can also lead to a high dust discharge from the sintering belt. In addition, a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes also deteriorates the gas flowability of the sintered product and leads to a high proportion of recycled material in the sintering treatment.
- an aggregate for the production of autoclave-hardened building materials comprising a mineral filler with a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably 75 wt.% And a
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing an agglomerate, as
- Blast furnace feed can be used, and with which the aforementioned problems in the prior art can be overcome.
- a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes and yet a sintered good having a high cohesion and a good gas permeability can be obtained.
- the sintered material should have a low dust discharge.
- a small amount of return material should be obtained.
- a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of inter-particle sizes and yet pellets with a high mechanical strength can be obtained.
- This object is achieved by a method for producing an agglomerate, as
- Blast furnace feed is used by mixing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally conventional additives to a mass and solidifying the mass to an agglomerate, wherein as a mineral raw material is used, which has a silica content of at least 40 wt.% And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.%, Wherein the particle size fraction of less than 1 .mu.m is at least 10 wt.%.
- ore containing ore sizes metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular of 0.1 to 0.5 mm understood.
- agglomerates in the form of a sintered product are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines with a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight containing ore grains while nevertheless obtaining sintered material having an excellent cohesion.
- agglomerates in the form of pellets are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines having a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight of ore grain sizes and still obtain pellets having a high mechanical strength.
- An essential process step of the method according to the invention is the use of a lime-based material together with a mineral raw material as a binder.
- a mineral raw material can be used in principle a variety of substances that have a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt. % exhibit.
- Obtained raw material having a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably at least 75 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 2 microns of at least 40 wt.%, The particle size fraction of less than 0.5 microns at least 25 wt. % is.
- clay mineral-containing raw material preferably an unfired two- and / or three-layer clay mineral containing raw material has proved to be particularly favorable.
- the lean clay has, which consists of at least 60 wt.% Fine quartz and 20 to 40 wt.% Kaolinit and optionally subordinate micas.
- Excellent is a mineral raw material, the 70 to 90 wt.%, Preferably about 83 wt.% Of silica, 5 to 20 wt.%, Preferably about 13 wt.% Of alumina, 0.2 to 1.5 wt.%, Preferably about 0.7 wt% Fe 2 O 3 and 0.1 to 1 wt%, preferably about 0.4 wt% potassium oxide.
- Calexor ® Q HP is a mineral binder.
- the mineral raw material with a substantially continuous particle size distribution.
- the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and the mineral binder are mixed together.
- the mixing of fines and binders can be carried out in a variety of ways known to those skilled in the art.
- the mixing of fines and binders in a mixing unit is particularly simple.
- the ratio of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder can vary within a wide range and is suitably adapted to the type and grain size structure of the fine material used and the binder. Practical experiments have shown that usually with a quantitative ratio between metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder of 5 to 1 to 1000 to 1, preferably from 10 to 1 to 100 to 1, agglomerates with particularly good strength properties can be obtained. It has been found that in some cases agglomeration can be facilitated by the fact that the mass containing the fine material and the binder has a certain mass moisture content. Depending on the intrinsic moisture content of fines and binders, the
- Mass moisture can be adjusted by withdrawal or addition of water.
- the height of the mass moisture is expediently set as a function of various factors, for example composition and grain size distribution of the fine material and binder used. Another important factor is the way in which the agglomeration is carried out. Usually, good results are achieved with mass moistures in the range from 2 to 20% by weight, preferably from 4 to 10% by weight.
- metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines the most diverse fines can be used.
- the term "metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines" are understood according to the invention as powdery to finer materials. These preferably have average particle sizes of 0.01 to 10 mm. The use of materials having average particle sizes of from 0.05 to 3 mm, in particular from 0.1 to 2 mm, has proven particularly suitable. Preferably, up to 50 wt.% Of the particle sizes of the fine material in the grain size range between 0.1 and 2 mm.
- the binder contains a lime-based material.
- Lime, limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, hydrated lime, dolomite, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime hydrate and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable according to the invention.
- additional solidifying substances preferably inorganic thickening agents, in particular waterglass, sugar solution, aluminum chromate and / or phosphate.
- inorganic thickening agents in particular waterglass, sugar solution, aluminum chromate and / or phosphate.
- the amount of additional strengthens depends on the degree of solidification to be achieved. Usually, even with the addition of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of additional solidification substances, based on the mixture of fine material and binder, good results are achieved.
- offset additives for lowering the hardening temperature such as, for example, low-melting silicatic substances, in particular a glass powder and / or phonolite, can be added to the mixture.
- Invention is used as fines intermediate grain sizes containing ore in admixture with sintered feed.
- the proportion of ore containing intermediate grain sizes in the fine material is particularly preferably greater than 30% by weight, preferably greater than 50% by weight, more preferably greater than 70% by weight, and in particular greater than 90% by weight, based in each case on the total amount Fines.
- agglomerates produced by a sintering process have proven to be particularly suitable.
- the production of a sintered product constitutes a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the advantages of sintering include the fact that the agglomerates can be pre-reduced and losses in the furnace can be avoided.
- the course of the sintering process is known to the person skilled in the art and may, for example, be as follows. It is first produced a mix containing fine ores, KreislaufStoffe, fuel, especially coke breeze, mineral binder and Sintereigenabsiebung. This mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt. The fuel contained in the mixture is ignited, for example, by natural gas and / or blast gas flames. The induced draft fan located under the sintering belt now pulls the firing front through the mixture, so that the sinter cake is completely burnt out at the discharge of the belt. Due to the heat generated in the process, the fine ores melt superficially so that their grains form a firm connection. After breaking the sinter cake, it is cooled and classified. So-called grate and sintered material can remain in the sintering plant. The finished sinter is fed to the blast furnace.
- the solidification of the mass to the agglomerate is carried out by a sintering process.
- a mixture containing the fine material and the mineral binder is preferably mixed with water, customary blast furnace circulating materials, preferably pan outbreak and / or slag, fuel, preferably coke breeze, mixed and optionally compressed.
- the resulting mixture is then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the mixture, forming a sinter cake.
- a heat treatment at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the mixture, forming a sinter cake.
- the starting materials are chosen such that at least a minimum cohesion of the individual particles is given.
- the fines used contain fractions having a particle size of less than 2 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, preferably in an amount of at least 30% by weight.
- An essential process step of sintering is the thermal treatment of the starting materials.
- the mass of fines and binder is cured.
- the curing is preferably based on a sintering process to form a silicate sintered matrix, which has a glass phase and optionally a crystalline phase, in particular a mullitic phase.
- the silicate sintered matrix is preferably a glassy matrix in which crystalline particles are embedded. These are preferably a primary zero.
- the curing process is preferably carried out by means of a thermal treatment at temperatures between 800 and
- the mineral raw material form a melting phase, which preferably gives a glassy solidified sintered matrix with a crystalline content, in particular granular mullite or Primärärmullit, in which the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines is embedded. If a high porosity of the sintered products is desired, this can be effected in a simple manner by subjecting a mass with a higher water content to the sintering process.
- Sintered material is ideal for use as a blast furnace feed.
- the mixture of fines and binders can be mixed with water and conventional pelletizing additives, the resultant mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are cured in one firing operation.
- the hardening of the pellets can also be carried out hydraulically.
- a mixture of fine material, binder and water is additionally added with a hydraulic solidification substance, the resulting mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are hardened.
- hydraulic consolidation materials can also be used in the production of sintered material.
- Cement in particular Portland cement, Portland cement clinker, aluminum oxide cement, alumina cement clinker, cement mixed with blast furnace slag, cement mixed with fly ash, cement mixed with borazon and / or bentonite are preferably used as the hydraulic binder.
- the hydraulic binder can also be mixed with various additives.
- An advantage of the use of a hydraulic binder is that it is possible to dispense with firing the green pellets. In this way, the manufacturing costs for the blast furnace charge can be reduced and the release of harmful gases such as SO x and NO x can be avoided during the firing process.
- the preparation of the pellets can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in a shaft furnace, a traveling grate furnace or a traveling grate / rotary kiln.
- the pellets may be provided with a coating before curing.
- Suitable coating materials are preferably inorganic substances, for example iron ore powder.
- the thickness of the coating is preferably not greater than 0.5 mm.
- the size of the pellets can vary widely. Pellets with a diameter of 1 to 20 mm, preferably of 3 to 10 mm, have proven to be particularly suitable for the blast furnace process.
- the invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be prepared by the process according to the invention.
- the blast furnace feed can be fed as the only metal and / or metal oxide-containing material to the blast furnace. According to the invention, it is preferable that the blast furnace feedstock together with other metal and / or metal oxide-containing
- the blast furnace charge according to the invention accounts for a share of 30 to 80 wt.%, Preferably from 40 to 70 wt.% And in particular from 55 to 65 wt.% Of the total carrier for the blast furnace operation.
- Another object of the invention is a premix for the production of blast furnace feedstock according to the invention containing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a kalkstämmiges material, wherein the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines a proportion of fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.9 mm and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5 mm of more than 30 wt.%, Each based on the total amount of the fine material.
- the mineral raw material used is preferably a raw material as described in relation to the process according to the invention.
- the premix contains 50 to 99 wt.%, Preferably 60 to 90 wt.%, In particular 70 to 85 wt.% Of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and 1 to 20 wt.%, Preferably 1 to 15% by weight, conventional additives and mineral binder.
- the proportion of mineral binder in the premix should not exceed 15% by weight.
- the amount of slag produced in the blast furnace can be kept low.
- the mineral binder comprises 30 to 98% by weight lime-based material and 2 to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight, of mineral raw material.
- the premix contains 0 to 30% by weight.
- Additives preferably coke breeze, pan breakout and / or slags.
- a further subject of the invention is a premix for the production of the blast furnace feedstock according to the invention comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder which comprises a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, wherein a raw material is used as the mineral raw material which contains a silicon oxide.
- a premix for the production of the blast furnace feedstock according to the invention comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder which comprises a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, wherein a raw material is used as the mineral raw material which contains a silicon oxide.
- the invention further relates to the use of a mineral binder comprising a mineral raw material and a lime-based material and optionally conventional additives, for the production of an agglomerate, the is used as a blast furnace feedstock, being used as a mineral raw material, a silicon oxide content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10% by weight.
- the use according to the invention comprises both the joint and the separate addition of mineral raw material and lime-based material.
- Mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b there are five different Sinterbandmischungen (mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b) produced.
- the mixed material 3a and 3b fine material, which has a defined proportion of intermediate grain sizes, mixed with the respective binder and conventional sintering aids and adjusted the mass moisture.
- a mineral raw material is used as a binder having a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 % By weight.
- the mix 1, 2 and 3 is prepared without the addition of binder. Subsequently, the mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt.
- the mix has a specific Gas shealek, which can be measured by the pressure loss of a compressed air flow through the mixture. A low pressure loss indicates good gas flowability. A good Gas sheströmiana is desirable in the sintering process, since it leads to a good burn through of the sinter cake.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES AGGLOMERATS AUS METALLOXIDHALTIGEM FEINGUT ZURMETHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AGGLOMERATE FROM METAL OXIDE - CONTAINING FEINGUTE FOR
VERWENDUNG ALS HOCHOFENEINSATZSTOFFUSE AS A HIGH OXER INGREDIENTS
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Agglomerats enthaltend ein metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut und ein mineralisches Bindemittel. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Hochofeneinsatzstoff, der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden kann, sowie eine Vormischung für die Herstellung des Hochofeneinsatzstoffes .The invention relates to a method for producing an agglomerate comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder. The invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be produced by the process according to the invention, and to a premix for the production of the blast furnace feed.
Es ist bekannt neben Stückerzen feinteilige Eisenerz enthaltende Stoffe für die Herstellung vonIt is known besides lump ores finely divided iron ore containing substances for the production of
Hochofeneinsatzstoffen zu verwenden. Feinteilige Eisenerz enthaltende Stoffe fallen beispielweise beim Sieben der Stückerze oder durch andere Aufbereitungsverfahren an. Die Verwendung dieser feinteiligen Erze hat den Vorteil, dass diese Erze leicht verfügbar und kostengünstig sind. Es ist üblich die feinteiligen Erze vor ihrem Einsatz zu agglomerieren. Auf diese Weise kann die Staubbildung im Hochofen gering gehalten werden. Das Agglomerieren hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, dass die gebildeten Agglomerate leicht aufgeschmolzen werden können und eine gute Gasdurchlässigkeit besitzen. Somit können die Reduktionsgase ohne großen Kraftaufwand durch die Erze hindurchgesaugt werden. Schließlich kann durch die Verwendung von Agglomeraten der Rostdurchfall verringert werden.To use blast furnace feeds. Finely divided iron ore-containing substances are obtained, for example, during sieving of the lump or by other treatment methods. The use of these finely divided ores has the advantage that these ores are readily available and inexpensive. It is common to agglomerate the finely divided ores prior to their use. In this way, dust formation in the blast furnace can be kept low. The agglomeration has the additional advantage that the agglomerates formed can be easily melted and have a good gas permeability. Thus, the reducing gases can be sucked through the ores without much effort. Finally, the use of agglomerates can reduce rust diarrhea.
Eine übliche Form der Agglomerierung feinteiliger Erze ist die Pelletisierung . Die Verwendung von Pellets in einem Schmelzofen, wie beispielsweise einem Hochofen, ist jedoch nicht ohne Probleme, da die Pellets oftmals keine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit aufweisen. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere bei Transport und Handling der Pellets nachteilig aus . Darüber hinaus sind die bekannten Pellets oftmals nicht ausreichend durchlässig für heißeA common form of agglomeration of finely divided ores is pelletization. However, the use of pellets in a smelting furnace, such as a blast furnace, is not without problems, since the pellets often do not have sufficient mechanical strength. This has a detrimental effect in particular during transport and handling of the pellets. In addition, the known pellets are often not sufficiently permeable to hot
Reduktionsgase, wie sie im Schmelzofen auftreten, was ihr Aufschmelzen erschwert.Reduction gases, as they occur in the furnace, which makes their melting difficult.
Eine weitere übliche Form der Aufarbeitung von nicht sofort einsatzfähigen Feinerzen ist das Sintern. Hierdurch können auch Feinerze eingesetzt werden, die aufgrund ihrer Korngröße und Eigenschaften nur schwierig zu agglomerieren sind. Nicht sofort einsatzfähige, schwierig zu agglomerierende Feinerze weisen typischerweise mittlere Korndurchmesser von bis zu 2 mm, noch typischer von 0,2 bis 0,7 mm, insbesondere von 0,2 mm bis 0,5 mm auf (Zwischenkorngrößen) . Als Bindemittel werden üblicherweise kalkstämmige Produkte eingesetzt. Kalkstämmige Produkte erhöhen den Zusammenhalt der Feinerze. Dennoch bleibt der Anteil an schwierig zu agglomerierenden Feinerzen begrenzt, da ein hoher Anteil an diesen Korngrößen den Zusammenhalt des Sinterguts schwächen und außerdem zu einem hohen Staubaustrag aus dem Sinterband führen kann. Darüber hinaus verschlechtert ein hoher Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen auch die Gasdurchströmbarkeit des Sinterguts und führt zu einem hohen Anteil an Rückgut bei der Sinteraufbereitung .Another common form of processing of not immediately usable fine ores is sintering. This also fine ores can be used, which are difficult to agglomerate due to their grain size and properties. Not immediately usable, difficult to agglomerate fine ores typically have mean grain diameters of up to 2 mm, more typically from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm (inter-particle sizes). The binder used is usually lime-based products. Lime-based products increase the cohesion of fine ores. Nevertheless, the proportion of fine ores which are difficult to agglomerate remains limited since a high proportion of these grain sizes weaken the cohesion of the sintered product and can also lead to a high dust discharge from the sintering belt. In addition, a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes also deteriorates the gas flowability of the sintered product and leads to a high proportion of recycled material in the sintering treatment.
Ein hoher Verwendungsanteil an Zwischenkorngrößen in der Sinteraufgabe ist jedoch wünschenswert, da Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendes Erz besonders leicht verfügbar und kostengünstig ist. Um die Menge an Zwischenkorngrößen in den Feinerzen zu erhöhen, wird im Stand der Technik vorgeschlagen kalkstämmige Produkte gemeinsam mit tonminerahlhaltigen Produkten als Bindemittel zu verwenden. So beschreibt die Auslegeschrift 1 029 568 ein Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von auf Rosten zu sinternden Erzen durch eine dem Sintern vorgeschaltete Agglomeration unter Verwendung von Bentonit oder einem anderen Ton als Bindemittel. Nach dem Agglomerieren wird das Gut mit einem Kalk enthaltenden Pulver versetzt. Auch bei dieser Vorgehensweise ist jedoch der Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen im Ausgangsmaterial auf maximal 30 Gew.% begrenzt.However, a high rate of use of inter-grain sizes in the sintering task is desirable because ore size-containing ore sizes are particularly readily available and inexpensive. In order to increase the amount of intermediate grain sizes in the fine ores, lime-based is proposed in the prior art To use products together with clay minerahlhaltigen products as a binder. For example, German Published Patent Application No. 1,029,568 describes a process for the pretreatment of ores to be sintered by means of an agglomeration preceding sintering using bentonite or another clay as binder. After agglomeration, the material is mixed with a powder containing lime. Even with this procedure, however, the proportion of intermediate grain sizes in the starting material is limited to a maximum of 30% by weight.
Aus der EP 1 359 129 A2 ist ein Zuschlagstoff zur Herstellung von autoklavgehärteten Baustoffen bekannt, der einen mineralischen Füllstoff mit einem Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 60 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 75 Gew.% und einemFrom EP 1 359 129 A2 an aggregate for the production of autoclave-hardened building materials is known, comprising a mineral filler with a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably 75 wt.% And a
Feinstkornanteil von unter 2μm von wenigstens 40 Gew.% des Zuschlagstoffs aufweist.Feinstkornanteil of less than 2μm of at least 40 wt.% Of the aggregate has.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Agglomerats bereitzustellen, das alsThe invention has for its object to provide a method for producing an agglomerate, as
Hochofeneinsatzstoff verwendet werden kann, und mit dem die vorgenannten Probleme im Stand der Technik überwunden werden können .Blast furnace feed can be used, and with which the aforementioned problems in the prior art can be overcome.
Insbesondere soll ein Verfahren bereitgestellt werden, bei dem Feinerz mit einem hohen Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen eingesetzt und dennoch ein Sintergut mit einem hohen Zusammenhalt und einer guten Gasdurchströmbarkeit erhalten werden kann. Darüber hinaus soll das Sintergut einen geringen Staubaustrag aufweisen. Schließlich soll bei der Aufbereitung des Sinters ein geringer Anteil an Rückgut erhalten werden. Ferner soll ein Verfahren bereitgestellt werden, bei dem Feinerz mit einem hohen Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen eingesetzt und dennoch Pellets mit einer hohen mechanischen Festigkeit erhalten werden können.In particular, a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes and yet a sintered good having a high cohesion and a good gas permeability can be obtained. In addition, the sintered material should have a low dust discharge. Finally, in the processing of the sinter a small amount of return material should be obtained. Furthermore, a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of inter-particle sizes and yet pellets with a high mechanical strength can be obtained.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Agglomerats, das alsThis object is achieved by a method for producing an agglomerate, as
Hochofeneinsatzstoff verwendet wird, durch Vermengen eines metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltigen Feinguts, eines mineralischen Bindemittels, das einen mineralischen Rohstoff und ein kalkstämmiges Material aufweist, und gegebenenfalls üblichen Zusatzstoffen zu einer Masse und Verfestigen der Masse zu einem Agglomerat, wobei als mineralischer Rohstoff ein Rohstoff eingesetzt wird, der einen Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.% und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% aufweist, wobei der Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm mindestens 10 Gew.% beträgt .Blast furnace feed is used by mixing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally conventional additives to a mass and solidifying the mass to an agglomerate, wherein as a mineral raw material is used, which has a silica content of at least 40 wt.% And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.%, Wherein the particle size fraction of less than 1 .mu.m is at least 10 wt.%.
Überraschend wurde festgestellt, dass bei der Herstellung von Agglomeraten der eingangs genannten Art ein metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut mit einem überraschend hohen Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen eingesetzt werden kann, wenn als Bindemittel ein kalkstämmiges Material gemeinsam mit einem mineralischen Rohstoff verwendet wird, der einenSurprisingly, it was found that in the production of agglomerates of the type mentioned a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines can be used with a surprisingly high proportion of intermediate grain sizes, if a lime-based material is used together with a mineral raw material as a binder, the one
Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% sowie einen Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm von mindestens 10 Gew.% aufweist.Silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann Feinerz mit einem hohen Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen eingesetzt und dennoch ein Sintergut mit einem hohen Zusammenhalt und einer guten Gasdurchströmbarkeit erhalten werden. Darüber hinaus kann Sintergut mit einem geringen Staubaustrag erhalten werden, das außerdem einen geringen Anteil an Rückgut aufweist. Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass der Sintervorgang mit einer hervorragenden Kinetik durchgeführt werden kann.With the method according to the invention fine ore can be used with a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes and still a Sintered material with a high cohesion and a good Gasdurchströmbarkeit be obtained. In addition, sintered material can be obtained with a low dust discharge, which also has a low proportion of Rückgut. Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that the sintering process can be carried out with excellent kinetics.
Unter dem Begriff „Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendes Erz" wird erfindungsgemäß metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut mit einem mittleren Korndurchmesser von unter 1 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,05 mm bis 1 mm, noch bevorzugter von 0,2 bis 0,7 mm, insbesondere von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm verstanden.The term "ore containing ore sizes" according to the invention metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular of 0.1 to 0.5 mm understood.
Sollen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Agglomerate in Form eines Sinterguts hergestellt werden, so ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich Feingut mit einem Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendem Erz von mehr als 30 Gew.% einzusetzen und dennoch Sintergut mit einem hervorragendem Zusammenhalt zu erhalten.If agglomerates in the form of a sintered product are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines with a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight containing ore grains while nevertheless obtaining sintered material having an excellent cohesion.
Sollen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Agglomerate in Form von Pellets hergestellt werden, so ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich Feingut mit einem Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendem Erz von mehr als 30 Gew.% einzusetzen und dennoch Pellets mit einer hohen mechanischen Festigkeit zu erhalten.If agglomerates in the form of pellets are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines having a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight of ore grain sizes and still obtain pellets having a high mechanical strength.
Ein wesentlicher Verfahrensschritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Verwendung eines kalkstämmigen Materials gemeinsam mit einem mineralischen Rohstoff als Bindemittel. Als mineralischer Rohstoff können grundsätzlich die verschiedensten Stoffe eingesetzt werden, die einen Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% sowie einen Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm von mindestens 10 Gew.% aufweisen.An essential process step of the method according to the invention is the use of a lime-based material together with a mineral raw material as a binder. As a mineral raw material can be used in principle a variety of substances that have a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt. % exhibit.
Praktische Versuche haben ergeben, dass bei der Verwendung von tonmineralhaltigen Rohstoffen der Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen im erfindungemäßen Verfahren besonders hoch sein kann und dennoch Sintergut mit einem hohen Zusammenhalt und/oder Pellets mit guten mechanischen Festigkeiten erhalten werden können.Practical experiments have shown that with the use of clay mineral-containing raw materials, the proportion of intermediate grain sizes in erfindungemäßen method can be particularly high and yet sintered material can be obtained with a high cohesion and / or pellets with good mechanical strength.
Hervorragende Ergebnisse werden mit einem mineralischenExcellent results are with a mineral
Rohstoff erzielt, der einen Siliciumoxidanteil von wenigstens 60 Gew.%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 75 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 2 μm von wenigstens 40 Gew.% aufweist, wobei der Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 0,5 μm mindestens 25 Gew.% beträgt.Obtained raw material having a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably at least 75 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 2 microns of at least 40 wt.%, The particle size fraction of less than 0.5 microns at least 25 wt. % is.
Als besonders günstig hat sich die Verwendung eines tonmineralhaltigen Rohstoffs, vorzugsweise eines ungebrannten Zwei- und/oder Dreischichttonminerale enthaltenden Rohstoff erwiesen.The use of a clay mineral-containing raw material, preferably an unfired two- and / or three-layer clay mineral containing raw material has proved to be particularly favorable.
Als besonders günstig hat sich ferner der Einsatz eines tonmineralhaltigen Rohstoffs erwiesen, der Magerton aufweist, welcher aus mindestens 60 Gew.% Feinquarz sowie 20 bis 40 Gew.% Kaolinit und gegebenenfalls untergeordneten Glimmern besteht . Ausgezeichnet eignet sich ein mineralischen Rohstoff, der 70 bis 90 Gew.%, vorzugsweise etwa 83 Gew.% Siliciumoxid, 5 bis 20 Gew.%, vorzugsweise etwa 13 Gew.% Aluminiumoxid, 0,2 bis 1,5 Gew.%, vorzugsweise etwa 0,7 Gew.% Fe2O3 und 0,1 bis 1 Gew.%, vorzugsweise etwa 0,4 Gew.% Kaliumoxid, aufweist. Ganz besonders geeignet ist die Verwendung von Calexor® Q HP als mineralisches Bindemittel.Furthermore, the use of a clay mineral-containing raw material has proved particularly favorable, the lean clay has, which consists of at least 60 wt.% Fine quartz and 20 to 40 wt.% Kaolinit and optionally subordinate micas. Excellent is a mineral raw material, the 70 to 90 wt.%, Preferably about 83 wt.% Of silica, 5 to 20 wt.%, Preferably about 13 wt.% Of alumina, 0.2 to 1.5 wt.%, Preferably about 0.7 wt% Fe 2 O 3 and 0.1 to 1 wt%, preferably about 0.4 wt% potassium oxide. Especially suitable is the use of Calexor ® Q HP as a mineral binder.
In manchen Fällen ist es zweckmäßig den mineralischen Rohstoff mit einer im Wesentlichen kontinuierlichen Korngrößenverteilung einzusetzen.In some cases it is expedient to use the mineral raw material with a substantially continuous particle size distribution.
Im ersten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden das metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltige Feingut und das mineralische Bindemittel miteinander vermengt. Das Vermengen von Feingut und Bindemittel kann auf die verschiedensten dem Fachmann bekannten Weisen erfolgen. Besonders einfach erfolgt das Vermengen von Feingut und Bindemittel in einem Mischaggregat .In the first step of the process according to the invention, the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and the mineral binder are mixed together. The mixing of fines and binders can be carried out in a variety of ways known to those skilled in the art. The mixing of fines and binders in a mixing unit is particularly simple.
Das Mengenverhältnis von metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltigem Feingut und mineralischem Bindemittel kann in weiten Bereichen variieren und wird zweckmäßigerweise an die Art und den Korngrößenaufbau des verwendeten Feinguts sowie des Bindemittels angepasst. Praktische Versuche haben ergeben, dass üblicherweise bei einem Mengenverhältnis zwischen metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltigem Feingut und mineralischem Bindemittel von 5 zu 1 bis 1000 zu 1, vorzugsweise von 10 zu 1 bis 100 zu 1, Agglomerate mit besonders guten Festigkeitseigenschaften erhalten werden können. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass in manchen Fällen die Agglomeratbildung dadurch erleichtert werden kann, dass die das Feingut und das Bindemittel enthaltende Masse eine bestimmte Massefeuchte aufweist. In Abhängigkeit von der Eigenfeuchte von Feingut und Bindemittel kann dieThe ratio of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder can vary within a wide range and is suitably adapted to the type and grain size structure of the fine material used and the binder. Practical experiments have shown that usually with a quantitative ratio between metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder of 5 to 1 to 1000 to 1, preferably from 10 to 1 to 100 to 1, agglomerates with particularly good strength properties can be obtained. It has been found that in some cases agglomeration can be facilitated by the fact that the mass containing the fine material and the binder has a certain mass moisture content. Depending on the intrinsic moisture content of fines and binders, the
Massefeuchte durch Entzug oder Zugabe von Wasser eingestellt werden. Die Höhe der Massefeuchte wird zweckmäßigerweise in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Faktoren, beispielsweise Zusammensetzung und Korngrößenverteilung des eingesetzten Feinguts und Bindemittels eingestellt. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Faktor ist die Art und Weise, in der die Agglomerierung durchgeführt wird. Üblicherweise werden mit Massefeuchten im Bereich von 2 bis 20 Gew.%, vorzugsweise von 4 bis 10 Gew.%, gute Ergebnisse erzielt.Mass moisture can be adjusted by withdrawal or addition of water. The height of the mass moisture is expediently set as a function of various factors, for example composition and grain size distribution of the fine material and binder used. Another important factor is the way in which the agglomeration is carried out. Usually, good results are achieved with mass moistures in the range from 2 to 20% by weight, preferably from 4 to 10% by weight.
Als metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut können die verschiedensten Feingüter eingesetzt werden. Unter der Bezeichnung "metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut" werden erfindungsgemäß pulvrige bis feinere Materialien verstanden. Diese weisen vorzugsweise mittlere Partikelgrößen von 0,01 bis 10 mm auf. Als besonders geeignet hat sich die Verwendung von Materialien mit mittleren Partikelgrößen von 0,05 bis 3 mm, insbesondere von 0,1 bis 2 mm, erwiesen. Vorzugsweise liegen bis zu 50 Gew.% der Partikelgrößen des Feinguts im Korngrößenbereich zwischen 0,1 und 2 mm.As metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, the most diverse fines can be used. The term "metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines" are understood according to the invention as powdery to finer materials. These preferably have average particle sizes of 0.01 to 10 mm. The use of materials having average particle sizes of from 0.05 to 3 mm, in particular from 0.1 to 2 mm, has proven particularly suitable. Preferably, up to 50 wt.% Of the particle sizes of the fine material in the grain size range between 0.1 and 2 mm.
Besonders zweckmäßig ist die Verwendung von Feinerz, insbesondere Eisenfeinerz, Zundermaterial, insbesondere Walzenzunder, Gichtstäuben, Rückgut aus der Sinteraufbereitung, metallischen Schleifstäuben und/oderParticularly suitable is the use of fine ore, in particular iron ore, Zundermaterial, in particular mill scale, gout dusts, recycled material from the sintering treatment, metallic grinding dusts and / or
Metallspänen als metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut. Erfindungsgemäß enthält das Bindemittel ein kalkstämmiges Material. Erfindungsgemäß besonders geeignete kalkstämmige Materialien sind Kalk, Kalkstein, Branntkalk, gelöschter Kalk, Kalkhydrat, Dolomit, Dolomitkalk, Dolomitbranntkalk Dolomitkalkhydrat und Gemische hieraus.Metal shavings as metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines. According to the invention, the binder contains a lime-based material. Lime, limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, hydrated lime, dolomite, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime hydrate and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable according to the invention.
In manchen Fällen hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, neben dem Bindemittel zusätzliche Verfestigungsstoffe, vorzugsweise anorganische Verdickungsmittel, insbesondere Wasserglas, Zuckerlösung, Aluminiumchromat und/oder Phosphat zuzusetzen. Auf diese Weise kann die Festigkeit des Agglomerats weiter gesteigert werden.In some cases, it has proved to be advantageous to add, in addition to the binder, additional solidifying substances, preferably inorganic thickening agents, in particular waterglass, sugar solution, aluminum chromate and / or phosphate. In this way, the strength of the agglomerate can be further increased.
Die Menge der zusätzlichen Verfestigungsstoffe richtet sich nach dem Grad der zu erzielenden Verfestigung. Üblicherweise werden bereits mit dem Zusatz von 0,3 bis 1,5 Gew.% zusätzliche Verfestigungsstoffe bezogen auf das Gemenge aus Feingut und Bindemittel gute Ergebnisse erzielt.The amount of additional strengthens depends on the degree of solidification to be achieved. Usually, even with the addition of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of additional solidification substances, based on the mixture of fine material and binder, good results are achieved.
Ferner können dem Gemenge Versatzzusätze zur Erniedrigung der Erhärtungstemperatur zugegeben werden, wie beispielsweise niedrigschmelzende silikatische Stoffe, insbesondere ein Glasmehl und/oder Phonolith.Furthermore, offset additives for lowering the hardening temperature, such as, for example, low-melting silicatic substances, in particular a glass powder and / or phonolite, can be added to the mixture.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform derAccording to a particularly preferred embodiment of the
Erfindung wird als Feingut Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendes Erz im Gemisch mit Sinter Feed eingesetzt. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen enthaltendem Erz im Feingut höher als 30 Gew.%, vorzugsweise höher als 50 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter höher als 70 Gew.%, und insbesondere höher als 90 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge an Feingut . Für den Einsatz im Hochofen haben sich durch einen Sintervorgang hergestellte Agglomerate als besonders geeignet erwiesen. Somit stellt die Herstellung eines Sinterguts eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung da. Die Vorteile des Sinterns liegen unter anderem darin, dass die Agglomerate vorreduziert und Glühverluste im Hochofen vermieden werden können.Invention is used as fines intermediate grain sizes containing ore in admixture with sintered feed. The proportion of ore containing intermediate grain sizes in the fine material is particularly preferably greater than 30% by weight, preferably greater than 50% by weight, more preferably greater than 70% by weight, and in particular greater than 90% by weight, based in each case on the total amount Fines. For use in blast furnaces, agglomerates produced by a sintering process have proven to be particularly suitable. Thus, the production of a sintered product constitutes a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention. The advantages of sintering include the fact that the agglomerates can be pre-reduced and losses in the furnace can be avoided.
Der Ablauf des Sintervorgangs ist dem Fachmann bekannt und kann beispielsweise wie folgt aussehen. Es wird zunächst ein Mischgut erzeugt, das Feinerze, KreislaufStoffe, Brennstoff, insbesondere Koksgrus, mineralisches Bindemittel und Sintereigenabsiebung enthält. Dieses Mischgut wird mit Wasser vermischt und auf ein Sinterband geschichtet. Der in der Mischung enthaltene Brennstoff wird beispielsweise durch Erdgas und/oder Gichtgasflammen gezündet. Das unter dem Sinterband befindliche Saugzuggebläse zieht nun die Brennfront durch die Mischung, so dass der Sinterkuchen am Abwurf des Bandes vollständig durchgebrannt ist. Durch die im Prozess entstehende Wärme schmelzen die Feinerze oberflächlich auf, so dass ihre Körner eine feste Verbindung eingehen. Nach dem Brechen des Sinterkuchens wird er gekühlt und klassifiziert. Sogenannter Rostbelag und Sinterrückgut können in der Sinteranlage verbleiben. Der Fertigsinter wird dem Hochofen zugeführt.The course of the sintering process is known to the person skilled in the art and may, for example, be as follows. It is first produced a mix containing fine ores, KreislaufStoffe, fuel, especially coke breeze, mineral binder and Sintereigenabsiebung. This mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt. The fuel contained in the mixture is ignited, for example, by natural gas and / or blast gas flames. The induced draft fan located under the sintering belt now pulls the firing front through the mixture, so that the sinter cake is completely burnt out at the discharge of the belt. Due to the heat generated in the process, the fine ores melt superficially so that their grains form a firm connection. After breaking the sinter cake, it is cooled and classified. So-called grate and sintered material can remain in the sintering plant. The finished sinter is fed to the blast furnace.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Verfestigen der Masse zum Agglomerat durch einen Sintervorgang durchgeführt. Hierzu wird vorzugsweise ein Gemenge, das das Feingut und das mineralische Bindemittel enthält, mit Wasser, üblichen HochofenkreislaufStoffen, vorzugsweise Pfannenausbruch und/oder Schlacke, Brennstoff, vorzugsweise Koksgrus, vermischt und gegebenenfalls verdichtet. Das hierbei entstandene Gemisch wird anschließend einer Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur, die unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Gemisches liegt, unterworfen, wobei sich ein Sinterkuchen bildet. Durch Brechen des Sinterkuchens kann das erfindungsgemäße Agglomerat erhalten werden.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the solidification of the mass to the agglomerate is carried out by a sintering process. For this purpose, a mixture containing the fine material and the mineral binder is preferably mixed with water, customary blast furnace circulating materials, preferably pan outbreak and / or slag, fuel, preferably coke breeze, mixed and optionally compressed. The resulting mixture is then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the mixture, forming a sinter cake. By breaking the sinter cake, the agglomerate according to the invention can be obtained.
Praktische Versuche haben ergeben, dass es vorteilhaft ist, wenn beim Sintern die Ausgangsstoffe so gewählt werden, dass wenigstens ein minimaler Zusammenhalt der einzelnen Partikel gegeben ist. Aus diesem Grund ist es erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt, wenn das eingesetzte Feingut Anteile mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 2 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,05 mm bis 1 mm, vorzugsweise in einer Menge von mindestens 30 Gew.% enthält .Practical experiments have shown that it is advantageous if, during sintering, the starting materials are chosen such that at least a minimum cohesion of the individual particles is given. For this reason, it is preferred according to the invention if the fines used contain fractions having a particle size of less than 2 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, preferably in an amount of at least 30% by weight.
Ein wesentlicher Verfahrensschritt des Sinterns ist die thermische Behandlung der Ausgangsstoffe. Hierbei wird die Masse aus Feingut und Bindemittel gehärtet. Vorzugsweise liegt der Härtung ein Sintervorgang unter Ausbildung einer silikatischen Sintermatrix, die eine Glasphase sowie gegebenenfalls eine kristalline Phase, insbesondere eine mullitische Phase aufweist, zugrunde. Die silikatische Sintermatrix ist vorzugsweise eine glasige Matrix, in die kristalline Partikel eingelagert sind. Bei diesen handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Primärmullit .An essential process step of sintering is the thermal treatment of the starting materials. Here, the mass of fines and binder is cured. The curing is preferably based on a sintering process to form a silicate sintered matrix, which has a glass phase and optionally a crystalline phase, in particular a mullitic phase. The silicate sintered matrix is preferably a glassy matrix in which crystalline particles are embedded. These are preferably a primary zero.
Der Härtungsvorgang erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels einer thermischen Behandlung bei Temperaturen zwischen 800 undThe curing process is preferably carried out by means of a thermal treatment at temperatures between 800 and
12000C. Die Haltezeiten bewegen sich vorzugsweise in einem Bereich von weniger als 90 min. Auf diese Weise kann der mineralische Rohstoff eine Schmelzphase bilden, die vorzugsweise eine glasig erstarrte Sintermatrix mit einem kristallinen Anteil, insbesondere körnigem Mullit oder Primärmullit, ergibt, in die das metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltige Feingut eingebettet ist. Ist eine hohe Porosität der gesinterten Produkte erwünscht, so kann dies auf einfache Weise dadurch bewirkt werden, dass eine Masse mit höherem Wassergehalt dem Sintervorgang unterworfen wird.1200 ° C. The hold times are preferably within a range of less than 90 minutes. In this way, the mineral raw material form a melting phase, which preferably gives a glassy solidified sintered matrix with a crystalline content, in particular granular mullite or Primärärmullit, in which the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines is embedded. If a high porosity of the sintered products is desired, this can be effected in a simple manner by subjecting a mass with a higher water content to the sintering process.
Das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellteThe produced by the method according to the invention
Sintergut eignet sich hervorragend für die Verwendung als Hochofeneinsatzstoff .Sintered material is ideal for use as a blast furnace feed.
Gute Ergebnisse werden auch mit Agglomeraten erzielt, die im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in Form von Pellets, Briketts und/oder Granulaten hergestellt werden.Good results are also achieved with agglomerates which are produced in the novel process in the form of pellets, briquettes and / or granules.
Für die Herstellung von Pellets kann das Gemenge aus Feingut und Bindemittel mit Wasser und üblichen Pelletisierungszuschlagstoffen vermischt, das hierbei erhaltene Gemisch zu Grünpellets geformt und die Grünpellets in einem Brennvorgang gehärtet werden.For the production of pellets, the mixture of fines and binders can be mixed with water and conventional pelletizing additives, the resultant mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are cured in one firing operation.
Die Härtung der Pellets kann auch hydraulisch durchgeführt werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird dem Gemenge aus Feingut, Bindemittel und Wasser zusätzlich ein hydraulischer Verfestigungsstoff zugegeben, das hierbei erhaltene Gemisch zu Grünpellets geformt und die Grünpellets gehärtet. Selbstverständlich können auch bei der Herstellung von Sintergut hydraulische Verfestigungsstoffe eingesetzt werden. Als hydraulisches Bindemittel werden vorzugsweise Zement, insbesondere Portlandzement, Portlandzementklinker, Aluminiumoxidzement, Aluminiumoxidzementklinker, Zement, gemischt mit Hochofenschlacke, Zement gemischt mit Flugasche, Zement gemischt mit Borazon und/oder Bentonit, eingesetzt. Dem hydraulischen Bindemittel können auch verschiedene Additive beigemischt werden.The hardening of the pellets can also be carried out hydraulically. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mixture of fine material, binder and water is additionally added with a hydraulic solidification substance, the resulting mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are hardened. Of course, hydraulic consolidation materials can also be used in the production of sintered material. Cement, in particular Portland cement, Portland cement clinker, aluminum oxide cement, alumina cement clinker, cement mixed with blast furnace slag, cement mixed with fly ash, cement mixed with borazon and / or bentonite are preferably used as the hydraulic binder. The hydraulic binder can also be mixed with various additives.
Vorteilhaft an dem Einsatz eines hydraulischen Bindemittels ist, dass auf ein Brennen der Grünpellets verzichtet werden kann. Auf diese Weise können die Herstellungskosten für den Hochofeneinsatzstoff verringert und die Freisetzung von schädlichen Gasen wie beispielsweise SOx und NOx beim Brennvorgang vermieden werden.An advantage of the use of a hydraulic binder is that it is possible to dispense with firing the green pellets. In this way, the manufacturing costs for the blast furnace charge can be reduced and the release of harmful gases such as SO x and NO x can be avoided during the firing process.
Die Herstellung der Pellets kann auf dem Fachmann bekannte Weise in einem Schachtofen, einem Wanderrostofen oder einem Wanderrost-/Drehrohrofen durchgeführt werden.The preparation of the pellets can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in a shaft furnace, a traveling grate furnace or a traveling grate / rotary kiln.
Um das Zusammenkleben der Pellets, insbesondere im feuchten Zustand, zu verhindern, können die Pellets vor dem Aushärten mit einer Beschichtung versehen werden. Als Beschichtungsmaterialien eignen sich vorzugsweise anorganische Substanzen, beispielsweise Eisenerzpulver. Die Dicke der Beschichtung ist vorzugsweise nicht größer als 0, 5 mm.In order to prevent the pellets sticking together, in particular when wet, the pellets may be provided with a coating before curing. Suitable coating materials are preferably inorganic substances, for example iron ore powder. The thickness of the coating is preferably not greater than 0.5 mm.
Das Vorhandensein von Wasser in der Masse erleichtert die Pelletbildung. Die Massefeuchte sollte jedoch nicht zu hoch sein, da sonst die Oberfläche der Pellets feucht und klebrig wird. Feuchte und klebrige Pellets weisen nämlich oftmals eine nicht genügende Festigkeit auf und zeigen die Neigung, unter ihrem eigenen Gewicht zusammenzufallen, wodurch die Gasdurchlässigkeit der Pellets verringert wird.The presence of water in the mass facilitates pellet formation. However, the moisture content should not be too high, otherwise the surface of the pellets will be moist and sticky. In fact, moist and sticky pellets often lack in strength and tend to collapse under its own weight, thereby reducing the gas permeability of the pellets.
Die Größe der Pellets kann in weiten Bereichen variieren. Als für den Hochofenprozess besonders geeignet haben sich Pellets mit einem Durchmesser von 1 bis 20 mm, vorzugsweise von 3 bis 10 mm, erwiesen.The size of the pellets can vary widely. Pellets with a diameter of 1 to 20 mm, preferably of 3 to 10 mm, have proven to be particularly suitable for the blast furnace process.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Hochofeneinsatzstoff, der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden kann.The invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be prepared by the process according to the invention.
Der Hochofeneinsatzstoff kann als einziges metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Material dem Hochofen zugeführt werden. Erfindungsgemäß ist es bevorzugt den Hochofeneinsatzstoff gemeinsam mit weiteren metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltigenThe blast furnace feed can be fed as the only metal and / or metal oxide-containing material to the blast furnace. According to the invention, it is preferable that the blast furnace feedstock together with other metal and / or metal oxide-containing
Materialien dem Hochofen zuzuführen. Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn der erfindungsgemäße Hochofeneinsatzstoff einen Anteil von 30 bis 80 Gew.%, vorzugsweise von 40 bis 70 Gew.% und insbesondere von 55 bis 65 Gew.% der Gesamteisenträger für den Hochofenbetrieb ausmacht.To feed materials to the blast furnace. It is particularly useful if the blast furnace charge according to the invention accounts for a share of 30 to 80 wt.%, Preferably from 40 to 70 wt.% And in particular from 55 to 65 wt.% Of the total carrier for the blast furnace operation.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vormischung zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Hochofeneinsatzstoffs enthaltend ein metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut und ein mineralisches Bindemittel, das einen mineralischen Rohstoff und ein kalkstämmiges Material aufweist, wobei das metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltige Feingut einen Anteil an Feingut mit einem mittleren Korndurchmesser von unter 1 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,05 mm bis 0,9 mm und insbesondere von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm von mehr als 30 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des Feinguts aufweist. Als mineralischer Rohstoff wird vorzugsweise ein Rohstoff eingesetzt, wie er im Bezug auf das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beschrieben wurde.Another object of the invention is a premix for the production of blast furnace feedstock according to the invention containing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a kalkstämmiges material, wherein the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines a proportion of fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.9 mm and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5 mm of more than 30 wt.%, Each based on the total amount of the fine material. The mineral raw material used is preferably a raw material as described in relation to the process according to the invention.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt der Anteil an Feingut mit einem mittleren Korndurchmesser von unter 1 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,05 mm bis 0,9 mm und insbesondere von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm in der erfindungsgemäßen Vormischung mehr als 50 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 70 Gew.% bis 100 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter 80 Gew.% bis 100 Gew.% und insbesondere 90 Gew.% bis 100 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des Feinguts.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of fines having an average grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.9 mm and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5 mm in the premix according to the invention more than 50 wt %, preferably 70% by weight to 100% by weight, more preferably 80% by weight to 100% by weight and in particular 90% by weight to 100% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of the fine material.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt der Anteil an Feingut mit einem mittlerenAccording to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of fines with a middle
Korndurchmesser von über 1 mm, vorzugsweise von über 1 mm bis 3 mm und insbesondere von über 1 mm bis 2 mm in der erfindungsgemäßen Vormischung weniger als 50 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 0 bis 30 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter 0 bis 20 Gew.%, und insbesondere 0 bis 10 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des Feinguts.Grain diameter of more than 1 mm, preferably of more than 1 mm to 3 mm and in particular of more than 1 mm to 2 mm in the premix according to the invention less than 50% by weight, preferably 0 to 30% by weight, more preferably 0 to 20% by weight , And in particular 0 to 10 wt.%, Each based on the total amount of the fine material.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung enthält die Vormischung 50 bis 99 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 60 bis 90 Gew.%, insbesondere 70 bis 85 Gew.% metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut und 1 bis 20 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 15 Gew.%, übliche Zusatzstoffe und mineralisches Bindemittel.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the premix contains 50 to 99 wt.%, Preferably 60 to 90 wt.%, In particular 70 to 85 wt.% Of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and 1 to 20 wt.%, Preferably 1 to 15% by weight, conventional additives and mineral binder.
Vorzugsweise sollte der Anteil an mineralischem Bindemittel in der Vormischung 15 Gew.% nicht überschreiten. Auf diese Weise kann die Menge an im Hochofen anfallender Schlacke gering gehalten werden.Preferably, the proportion of mineral binder in the premix should not exceed 15% by weight. To this The amount of slag produced in the blast furnace can be kept low.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das mineralische Bindemittel 30 bis 98 Gew.% kalkstämmiges Material und 2 bis 70 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 10 bis 60 Gew.%, mineralischen Rohstoff auf.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the mineral binder comprises 30 to 98% by weight lime-based material and 2 to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight, of mineral raw material.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung enthält die Vormischung 0 bis 30 Gew.%According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the premix contains 0 to 30% by weight.
Zusatzstoffe, vorzugsweise Koksgruß, Pfannenausbruch und/oder Schlacken .Additives, preferably coke breeze, pan breakout and / or slags.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vormischung zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Hochofeneinsatzstoffs enthaltend ein metall- und/oder metalloxidhaltiges Feingut und ein mineralisches Bindemittel, das einen mineralischen Rohstoff und ein kalkstämmiges Material aufweist, wobei als mineralischer Rohstoff ein Rohstoff eingesetzt wird, der einen Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% sowie einen Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm von mindestens 10 Gew.% aufweist.A further subject of the invention is a premix for the production of the blast furnace feedstock according to the invention comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder which comprises a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, wherein a raw material is used as the mineral raw material which contains a silicon oxide. Content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.
Im Bezug auf weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vormischungen wird auf die Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwiesen.With regard to further preferred embodiments of the premixes according to the invention, reference is made to the embodiments of the method according to the invention.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner die Verwendung eines mineralischen Bindemittels, das einen mineralischen Rohstoff und ein kalkstämmiges Material und gegebenenfalls übliche Zusatzstoffe aufweist, zur Herstellung eines Agglomerats, das als Hochofeneinsatzstoff verwendet wird, wobei als mineralischer Rohstoff ein Rohstoff eingesetzt wird, der einen Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% sowie einen Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm von mindestens 10 Gew.% aufweist.The invention further relates to the use of a mineral binder comprising a mineral raw material and a lime-based material and optionally conventional additives, for the production of an agglomerate, the is used as a blast furnace feedstock, being used as a mineral raw material, a silicon oxide content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10% by weight.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung umfasst sowohl die gemeinsame als auch die getrennte Zugabe von mineralischem Rohstoff und kalkstämmigem Material.The use according to the invention comprises both the joint and the separate addition of mineral raw material and lime-based material.
Im Bezug auf weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung wird auf die Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwiesen.With regard to further preferred embodiments of the use according to the invention, reference is made to the embodiments of the method according to the invention.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Beispiels näher illustriert .In the following, the invention is illustrated in more detail by means of an example.
Es werden fünf verschiedene Sinterbandmischungen (Mischgut 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b) hergestellt. Zur Herstellung des Mischguts 3a und 3b wird Feingut, das einen definierten Anteil an Zwischenkorngrößen aufweist, mit dem jeweiligen Bindemittel sowie üblichen Sinterhilfsstoffen vermengt und die Massefeuchte eingestellt. Für das erfindungsgemäße Mischgut 3b wird ein mineralischer Rohstoff als Bindemittel verwendet, der einen Siliciumoxid-Anteil von wenigstens 40 Gew.%, und einen Feinstkornanteil von weniger als 4 μm von wenigstens 20 Gew.% sowie einen Korngrößenanteil von weniger als 1 μm von mindestens 10 Gew.% aufweist. Das Mischgut 1, 2 und 3 wird ohne Zugabe von Bindemittel hergestellt. Anschließend wird das Mischgut mit Wasser vermischt und auf ein Sinterband geschichtet. Das Mischgut weist eine spezifische Gasdurchströmbarkeit auf, die anhand des Druckverlusts eines durch das Mischgut gepressten Luftstroms gemessen werden kann. Ein niedriger Druckverlust zeigt eine gute Gasdurchströmbarkeit an. Eine gute Gasdurchströmbarkeit ist beim Sinterprozess erwünscht, da sie zu einer guten Durchbrennung des Sinterkuchens führt.There are five different Sinterbandmischungen (mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b) produced. For the production of the mixed material 3a and 3b fine material, which has a defined proportion of intermediate grain sizes, mixed with the respective binder and conventional sintering aids and adjusted the mass moisture. For the mixed material 3b according to the invention a mineral raw material is used as a binder having a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 % By weight. The mix 1, 2 and 3 is prepared without the addition of binder. Subsequently, the mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt. The mix has a specific Gasdurchströmbarkeit, which can be measured by the pressure loss of a compressed air flow through the mixture. A low pressure loss indicates good gas flowability. A good Gasdurchströmbarkeit is desirable in the sintering process, since it leads to a good burn through of the sinter cake.
In der folgenden Tabelle werden die Druckverluste für das Mischgut 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b illustriert. Ein Vergleich des Mischguts 1, 2, 3 ergibt, dass eine Erhöhung des Anteils anThe following table illustrates the pressure losses for the mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b. A comparison of the mix 1, 2, 3 shows that an increase in the proportion of
Zwischenkorngrößen zu einer Erhöhung des Druckverlusts und zu einer Verringerung der Gasdurchströmbarkeit führt. Ein Vergleich des Mischguts 3, 3a zeigt, dass durch die Zugabe von CaO als Bindemittel eine verbesserte Gasdurchströmbarkeit erreicht werden kann.Intergrain sizes lead to an increase in pressure loss and a reduction in Gasdurchströmbarkeit. A comparison of the mixed material 3, 3a shows that improved gas flowability can be achieved by the addition of CaO as binder.
Anhand des erfindungsgemäßen Beispiels 3b konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass durch Verwendung des speziellen mineralischen Bindemittels ein Mischgut mit einer besonders guten Gasdurchströmbarkeit erhalten werden kann.By means of example 3b according to the invention, it was possible to demonstrate that by using the special mineral binder, a mixture having a particularly good gas permeability can be obtained.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL10722706T PL2438203T3 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Method of producing agglomerates from metal oxide bearing mineral fines for use as blast furnace feed |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009023928A DE102009023928A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2009-06-04 | Process for producing an agglomerate |
| PCT/EP2010/057842 WO2010139789A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Method for producing an agglomerate made of fine material containing metal oxide for use as a blast furnace feed material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2438203A1 true EP2438203A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| EP2438203B1 EP2438203B1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
Family
ID=42272476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10722706.8A Active EP2438203B1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Method of producing agglomerates from metal oxide bearing mineral fines for use as blast furnace feed |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US9175363B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2438203B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5762403B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101798162B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102459658B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010255697B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1010034B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2764535A1 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2011003071A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009023928A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA023830B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2537209T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2011012939A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2438203T3 (en) |
| RS (1) | RS54006B1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA103533C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010139789A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201108924B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009023928A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Rheinkalk Gmbh | Process for producing an agglomerate |
| BRPI1104742A2 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-08-13 | Vale Sa | Method of inhibiting aging (weathering) of iron ore pellets during storage |
| KR101291403B1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-07-30 | 한호재 | Mineralization pellet, its manufacturing method, additives pellet and manufacturing method of pig iron using the sames |
| CA2899897A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Alternative Charge Materials, Llc | Method of agglomerating silicon/silicon carbide from wiresawing waste and product therefrom |
| CZ304951B6 (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-02-04 | Ecofer, S.R.O. | Agglomeration slagging medium, process for preparing the slagging medium, agglomeration mixture for producing agglomerate and use of secondary metallurgy slag as slagging media for producing the agglomeration mixture |
| EP2848299B1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2019-08-14 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Method and device for producing granulates |
| EP3502284A1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-26 | Imertech Sas | Mineral treatment process |
| CN111733320A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-02 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Granulation method for improving particle size of sintering mixture |
Family Cites Families (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB805938A (en) * | 1955-10-31 | 1958-12-17 | United Steel Companies Ltd | Improvements relating to the sintering of materials such as ores |
| GB825440A (en) * | 1956-04-05 | 1959-12-16 | Heinrich Dohmen | Briquetting of ores |
| GB990672A (en) * | 1963-02-01 | 1965-04-28 | Kennedy Van Saun Mfg & Eng | Improvements in method of pelletizing finely divided solid materials |
| GB1162991A (en) | 1966-07-13 | 1969-09-04 | Frederick Haydon | Artstone |
| SE335623B (en) * | 1968-12-20 | 1971-06-01 | P Kihlstedt | |
| US3628947A (en) | 1968-12-26 | 1971-12-21 | Shenango Furnace Co The | Agglomerate of iron ore |
| JPS55152133A (en) * | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Preparation of sintered ore |
| JPS5983727A (en) * | 1982-11-02 | 1984-05-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacturing method of iron ore sintered raw material |
| JPS60220135A (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1985-11-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Particle uniformizing agent of iron-manufacturing powdery stock material |
| SU1315504A1 (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1987-06-07 | Научно-исследовательский институт по проблемам Курской магнитной аномалии им.Л.Д.Шевякова | Charge for producing pellets |
| WO1989011457A1 (en) | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-30 | Schultze Kraft Andreas | Process for producing artificial stones, and their use |
| JP3394563B2 (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 2003-04-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for producing sintered ore with excellent softening and melting properties |
| US5476532A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-12-19 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method for producing reducible iron-containing material having less clustering during direct reduction and products thereof |
| DE4331159C1 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-05-18 | Fuenders Dieter Dr Ing | Utilisation of waste products in the mfr. of additives for metal casting industries |
| GB9523229D0 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1996-01-17 | Allied Dust Processing Ltd | Method of processing finely divided material incorporating metal based constituents |
| RU2092590C1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-10-10 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Лебединский горно-обогатительный комбинат" | Method of preparing pellets from iron ore materials |
| DE19629099A1 (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-01-02 | Anton Grehl | Ceramic product production |
| JP4238401B2 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2009-03-18 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method for producing low SiO2 sintered ore |
| DE19940219A1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-10-18 | Weis Wilfried | Quick-lay decorative stone cladding system comprises a thin self-supporting panel of artificial stone having cracks and seams backed with a fabric-reinforced laminate |
| CN1163620C (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2004-08-25 | 济南济钢设计院 | Technology and equipment for sphericizing powdered magnetic concentrate |
| JP3825272B2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2006-09-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Method for producing sintered ore |
| JP5020446B2 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2012-09-05 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for producing sintered ore |
| JP4204798B2 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2009-01-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for granulating raw materials for iron making |
| ATE434593T1 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2009-07-15 | Stephan Schmidt Kg | ADDITIVE AND MIXTURES WITH THIS ADDITIVE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AUTOCLAVE-HARDENED CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS |
| SE0201453D0 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2002-05-10 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | Method to improve iron production rate in a blast furnace |
| JP3942167B2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2007-07-11 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for granulating raw materials for iron making |
| DE10261692A1 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2004-07-15 | Sievers, Thomas, Dipl.-Ing. | Molded composite stone |
| EP1659103B1 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2014-07-09 | Otkrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo "Borovichsky Kombinat Ogneuporov". | Charging material for producing refractory high-strength spherical granules and method for the production thereof |
| JP4152286B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2008-09-17 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Granulation method for sintered raw materials for iron making |
| RU2241770C1 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2004-12-10 | Мельник Виктор Герасимович | Batch for manufacturing of iron-ore pellets |
| KR100675348B1 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-30 | 주식회사디.알.에스 | Binary binder for manufacturing waste iron briquettes and method for producing waste iron briquettes using the same |
| DE202006019074U1 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2007-04-05 | Ehrlich, Gernot | Flexible planar material, useful for creating a decorative surface on floors, walls, roofs and tables, comprises a surface layer having a layer of a multi-layered stone material, a flexible carrier material and adhesive layer |
| CA2661511C (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2015-02-17 | Ore Pro Pty Ltd | Treatment of green pellets using microwave energy |
| CN100547091C (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2009-10-07 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of iron ore sintering ignition method |
| DE102009023928A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Rheinkalk Gmbh | Process for producing an agglomerate |
-
2009
- 2009-06-04 DE DE102009023928A patent/DE102009023928A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-06-04 EP EP10722706.8A patent/EP2438203B1/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 AU AU2010255697A patent/AU2010255697B2/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 CN CN201080032486.7A patent/CN102459658B/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 JP JP2012513633A patent/JP5762403B2/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 CA CA2764535A patent/CA2764535A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-04 RS RS20150333A patent/RS54006B1/en unknown
- 2010-06-04 WO PCT/EP2010/057842 patent/WO2010139789A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-06-04 KR KR1020127000157A patent/KR101798162B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-06-04 UA UAA201115294A patent/UA103533C2/en unknown
- 2010-06-04 ES ES10722706.8T patent/ES2537209T3/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 EA EA201101700A patent/EA023830B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-06-04 BR BRPI1010034-2A patent/BRPI1010034B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-06-04 PL PL10722706T patent/PL2438203T3/en unknown
- 2010-06-04 US US13/375,931 patent/US9175363B2/en active Active
- 2010-06-04 MX MX2011012939A patent/MX2011012939A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2011
- 2011-12-02 CL CL2011003071A patent/CL2011003071A1/en unknown
- 2011-12-05 ZA ZA2011/08924A patent/ZA201108924B/en unknown
-
2015
- 2015-09-25 US US14/865,783 patent/US9988695B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010139789A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101798162B1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
| CL2011003071A1 (en) | 2012-05-04 |
| AU2010255697B2 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
| RS54006B1 (en) | 2015-10-30 |
| US20160083809A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
| CA2764535A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
| US20120180599A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| ZA201108924B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
| UA103533C2 (en) | 2013-10-25 |
| EA201101700A1 (en) | 2012-07-30 |
| US9175363B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
| AU2010255697A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
| WO2010139789A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
| MX2011012939A (en) | 2012-04-02 |
| BRPI1010034B1 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
| ES2537209T3 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| BRPI1010034A2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| EA023830B1 (en) | 2016-07-29 |
| JP2012528941A (en) | 2012-11-15 |
| DE102009023928A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
| EP2438203B1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| CN102459658B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| PL2438203T3 (en) | 2015-07-31 |
| EA201101700A8 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| KR20120037447A (en) | 2012-04-19 |
| JP5762403B2 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN102459658A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| US9988695B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE102006007781B4 (en) | Rough ceramic refractory offset and refractory product thereof | |
| EP2438203B1 (en) | Method of producing agglomerates from metal oxide bearing mineral fines for use as blast furnace feed | |
| DE102017121452B4 (en) | Process for producing a porous sintered magnesia, batch for producing a coarse ceramic refractory product with a grain size from the sintered magnesia, use of the batch for producing the product and process for producing the product | |
| EP1999085B1 (en) | Fireproof carbon-bonded magnesia brick and method for the production thereof | |
| DE10025224C2 (en) | Process for the production of sintered ore | |
| EP1538223A2 (en) | Carbon bricks with micro-porosity or supermicro-porosity and method for manufacturing | |
| DE102004027193A1 (en) | Agglomerated stone for use in shaft, corex or blast furnaces, process for producing agglomerate stones and use of iron ore fine and fine dust | |
| DE2044289C2 (en) | Process for the production of a refractory sintered material | |
| DE102004048804B4 (en) | Agglomerate brick, for use in furnaces, is composed of aluminum oxide as a fine dust together with a bonding agent and a hardening accelerator | |
| EP4077239B1 (en) | Backfill for producing a basic heavy-clay refractory product, such a product and method for producing same, lining of an industrial furnace, and industrial furnace | |
| DE975186C (en) | Process for sintering chrome ore with subsequent processing of the sintered material into chrome magnesite stones | |
| DE102005062036A1 (en) | Agglomerate stone used in blast furnaces for recovering pig iron comprises cement binder, organic fibers, carbon support, residue materials, solidifying accelerator and a balance of iron ore in the form of fine and/or very fine particles | |
| DE102007058125A1 (en) | Metal residues and carbon carriers containing molding | |
| DE60215398T2 (en) | COLD LABELING AND PELLETING OF MINERAL FINE PARTICLES USING AN IRON-CONTAINING HYDRAULIC BINDER | |
| EP1402077A1 (en) | Method for compacting rolling-mill scale | |
| DE1646834C (en) | Process for the production of unfired, refractory bricks and masses from magnesite chromium and chromium magnesite | |
| DE1088403B (en) | Refractory material | |
| DE2602628A1 (en) | COLD PELLETS | |
| DE202004021100U1 (en) | Agglomerated stone comprising cement binding agent, carbon carrier, residual and recyclable substances, and accelerator useful in pig iron production and in shaft, Corex and blast furnaces | |
| DE2058494A1 (en) | Stone bodies for paving purposes | |
| DE1275934B (en) | Process for the production of a fired, basic refractory molded article | |
| DE19905521A1 (en) | Synthetic dolomite briquette production from dead burned dolomite |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20111201 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA RS |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: RUECKERT, WOLFGANG Inventor name: PICKBRENNER, ARND Inventor name: PUST, CHRISTOPHER Inventor name: ALFENAS MOREIRA, DENISE Inventor name: GUENTHER, THEO Inventor name: BLOESER, MATTHIAS |
|
| RAX | Requested extension states of the european patent have changed |
Extension state: RS Payment date: 20111201 Extension state: BA Payment date: 20111201 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BLOESER, MATTHIAS Inventor name: RUECKERT, WOLFGANG Inventor name: ALFENAS MOREIRA, DENISE Inventor name: PUST, CHRISTOPHER Inventor name: PICKBRENNER, ARND Inventor name: GUENTHER, THEO |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20140902 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA RS |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502010008962 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20150409 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 712081 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20150415 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: RO Ref legal event code: EPE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2537209 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20150603 Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150525 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SK Ref legal event code: T3 Ref document number: E 18668 Country of ref document: SK |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150625 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150526 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502010008962 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20151126 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150630 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150604 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150630 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20100604 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150225 |
|
| P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230517 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20230726 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240619 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20240425 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Payment date: 20240425 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Payment date: 20240430 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240619 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20240425 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Payment date: 20240424 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20240620 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20240724 Year of fee payment: 15 |