EP2421014A1 - Stepping switch - Google Patents
Stepping switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2421014A1 EP2421014A1 EP11005494A EP11005494A EP2421014A1 EP 2421014 A1 EP2421014 A1 EP 2421014A1 EP 11005494 A EP11005494 A EP 11005494A EP 11005494 A EP11005494 A EP 11005494A EP 2421014 A1 EP2421014 A1 EP 2421014A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tap changer
- motor
- drive shaft
- switching
- drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
Definitions
- the innovation relates to a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer.
- So-called reactor switches which are particularly common in North America, have a switching reactance, which allows a slow, continuous switching.
- the latter type of tap changers in turn can be divided in the load selector on the one hand, in which the winding selection and load switching is performed simultaneously, and tap changer with separate selector and separate diverter switch.
- the voter first makes a power-less preselection of the winding tapping to which it is to be switched; Subsequently, the diverter switch then performs the actual fast switching.
- Typical load selectors are the Applicant's OILTAP® V and VACUTAP® VV types.
- Typical tap-changers with separate selector and diverter switch are the Applicant's OILTAP® M and VACUTAP® VM types.
- All tap changers regardless of their operating principle, are usually operated by a motor drive.
- the motor drive usually includes a three-phase asynchronous, which is turned on by means of a controller and switched off again after reaching the respective desired voltage level.
- the motor drive further comprises a load gear and corresponding control and display means.
- the rotational movement of the drive motor is transmitted via a shaft guide and an angle gear on the respective tap changer.
- An early design of such a motor drive is from the DE-OS 24 10 641 known; There are numerous other versions of such motor drives from different manufacturers.
- Such motor drives are complex devices with a variety of mechanical and electrical components and correspondingly expensive. Usually, they are mounted laterally on the outside of the transformer tank and take up considerable space there. Finally, in any case, a drive train is required, which transmits the rotational movement from the motor drive to the tap changer, which is to be operated.
- the transmitted rotary motion of the motor drive is usually used to lift an energy accumulator, after its triggering a fast switching movement is generated.
- energy storage are known in various embodiments; an early design is in the DE-OS 19 56 369 described.
- the same basic principle is common to all these energy accumulators: there is a continuous lift of an elevator part, during which the elevator springs are tensioned, followed by the sudden release of an output part, in which the energy storage springs relax again.
- the object of the innovation is to specify an easy-to-operate and simply constructed tap-changer.
- Protection claim 1 relates to a renewal tap changer according to the invention; the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the innovation.
- the innovation is based on the general idea to drive the tap changer directly by a stepper motor "on site” make. This eliminates both the actual motor drive and the previously required drive train to the tap changer.
- the stepper motor can directly control its switch column with any division, for. B. with a rotation angle of 30 degrees, which in many cases corresponds to the distance between the contacts of adjacent winding taps that can be connected.
- a speed of the stepping motor is particularly advantageous such that this rotational movement of 30 degrees is completed in about 60 ms. Modern, commercially available stepper motors do this.
- the stepper motor In a tap changer with separate selector and diverter switch the stepper motor usually performs a rotation angle of 180 degrees, during which the described energy storage is mounted. After its release takes place, as described, the actual load switching.
- stepper motor itself generates the required rapid rotational movement and thus actuates the diverter switch directly.
- the in FIG. 1 Tap changer shown has an insulating cylinder 1, on the circumference fixed contacts 2 are arranged in a known manner. For reasons of clarity, only one of these contacts has been provided with reference numerals; The numerals in brackets denote the respective tap, here is the number of taps 12.
- Inside the insulating cylinder 1 is a central switching or drive shaft 3, which carries a movable contact carrier 4, which contacts one of the fixed contacts 2.
- the actuation, ie rotational movement of the central drive shaft 3 is effected by a stepping motor 5, which is indicated here only by dashed-dotted lines, and which may have an arbitrary degree of division.
- the stepper motor 5, and thus the drive shaft 3, performs a rotation angle a of 30 degrees with each changeover from one winding tap to an adjacent winding tap.
- this tap-changer is shown with its concrete possible embodiment.
- the insulating cylinder 1 is shown again, at the periphery of the fixed contacts 2 are located.
- a switching shaft 6 Arranged around the central pivot point 3 here is a switching shaft 6, which in turn carries the contact carrier 4 already explained.
- This switching shaft 6 is according to the innovation driven directly by a stepper motor, not shown here.
- two forks 9, 10 are arranged, which carry at their free end rollers 11, 11 a, the respective fixed contact 2, depending on the position of the switching shaft 6, contact.
- Slip rings 12, 13 for discharging the load as well as the respective power terminals 14, 15, 16, each for one phase, are still shown here. Also in this illustration, the corresponding angle of rotation a is indicated, ie the angle, the renewal of the stepping motor and thus perform the switching shaft 6 at a changeover.
- FIG. 3 shows a power storage of another tap-changer type, are separated in the selector and actual diverter switch.
- the energy storage is mounted.
- the known power storage is triggered and the actual load switching completed quickly.
- a stepping motor 5 is shown, which acts on a drive shaft 21, which leads to the force accumulator 17.
- the drive shaft 21 actuates an eccentric 20, which in turn biases an elevator carriage 18.
- the known power storage springs are omitted here.
- the tension of the elevator carriage 18 through the eccentric 20 is effected by pressing against a lateral block 18a.
- Such a block is available for both directions, but here only one is provided with a reference numeral.
- the output member 19 is triggered and performs a rapid movement, which is converted into a rotational movement of the output shaft 22, which operates a known diverter switch 23 quickly.
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- Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Neuerung betrifft einen Stufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators.The innovation relates to a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer.
Stufenschalter sind seit vielen Jahren auf der Basis von zwei unterschiedlichen Funktionsprinzipien am Markt.Tap changers have been on the market for many years based on two different operating principles.
Sogenannte Reaktorschalter, die besonders in Nord-Amerika verbreitet sind, besitzen eine Umschaltreaktanz, die eine langsame, kontinuierliche Umschaltung ermöglicht.So-called reactor switches, which are particularly common in North America, have a switching reactance, which allows a slow, continuous switching.
Sogenannte Widerstandsschnellschalter hingegen, nach ihrem Erfinder auch Jansen-Schalter genannt, führen eine schnelle Umschaltung zwischen den Wicklungsanzapfungen durch, wobei Überschaltwiderstände kurzfristig den Kreisstrom bei der Lastumschaltung führen.On the other hand, so-called resistance rapid-action switches, also called Jansen switches according to their inventor, perform a rapid changeover between the winding taps, in the short term switching resistors leading the circulating current during load switching.
Die letztgenannte Gattung von Stufenschaltern wiederum lässt sich im Lastwähler einerseits, bei denen die Wicklungsvorwahl und Lastumschaltung gleichzeitig vollzogen wird, sowie Stufenschalter mit getrenntem Wähler und separatem Lastumschalter unterteilen. Dabei wird vom Wähler zunächst eine leistungslose Vorwahl der Wicklungsanzapfung, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, vorgenommen; nachfolgend führt der Lastumschalter dann die eigentliche schnelle Umschaltung durch.The latter type of tap changers in turn can be divided in the load selector on the one hand, in which the winding selection and load switching is performed simultaneously, and tap changer with separate selector and separate diverter switch. In this case, the voter first makes a power-less preselection of the winding tapping to which it is to be switched; Subsequently, the diverter switch then performs the actual fast switching.
Typische Lastwähler sind die Typen OILTAP® V und VACUTAP® VV der Anmelderin.Typical load selectors are the Applicant's OILTAP® V and VACUTAP® VV types.
Typische Stufenschalter mit getrenntem Wähler und Lastumschalter sind die Typen OILTAP® M und VACUTAP® VM der Anmelderin.Typical tap-changers with separate selector and diverter switch are the Applicant's OILTAP® M and VACUTAP® VM types.
Alle Stufenschalter, unabhängig von ihrem Funktionsprinzip, werden üblicherweise von einem Motorantrieb betätigt. Der Motorantrieb umfasst in der Regel einen Drehstromasynchronmotor, der mit Hilfe einer Steuerung eingeschaltet und nach Erreichen der jeweils gewünschten Spannungsstufe wieder abgeschaltet wird. Der Motorantrieb umfasst weiterhin ein Lastgetriebe sowie entsprechende Steuer- und Anzeigemittel. Die Drehbewegung des Antriebsmotors wird über eine Wellenführung und ein Winkelgetriebe auf den jeweiligen Stufenschalter übertragen. Eine frühe Bauform eines solchen Motorantriebes ist aus der
Die übertragene Drehbewegung des Motorantriebes dient üblicherweise zum Aufzug eines Kraftspeichers, nach dessen Auslösung eine schnelle Schaltbewegung erzeugt wird. Solche Kraftspeicher sind in unterschiedlichsten Ausführungsformen bekannt; eine frühe Bauform ist in der
Aufgabe der Neuerung ist es, einen einfach zu betätigenden und einfach aufgebauten Stufenschalter anzugeben. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe der Neuerung, den bisher notwendigen Motorantrieb ganz entfallen zu lassen.The object of the innovation is to specify an easy-to-operate and simply constructed tap-changer. In particular, it is an object of the innovation to omit the previously necessary motor drive completely.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Neuerung gelöst. Schutzanspruch 1 betrifft einen neuerungsgemäßen Stufenschalter; die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Neuerung.This task is solved by the innovation.
Der Neuerung liegt die allgemeine Idee zugrunde den Antrieb des Stufenschalters direkt durch einen Schrittmotor "vor Ort" vorzunehmen. Dadurch entfallen sowohl der eigentliche Motorantrieb als auch der bisher erforderliche Antriebsstrang hin zum Stufenschalter.The innovation is based on the general idea to drive the tap changer directly by a stepper motor "on site" make. This eliminates both the actual motor drive and the previously required drive train to the tap changer.
Bei einem Stufenschalter des Lastwählertyps kann der Schrittmotor direkt dessen Schaltersäule mit einer beliebigen Teiligkeit ansteuern, z. B. mit einem Drehwinkel von 30 Grad, der in vielen Fällen dem Abstand zwischen den Kontakten benachbarter Wicklungsanzapfungen, die beschaltet werden können, entspricht. Besonders vorteilhaft ist etwa eine Geschwindigkeit des Schrittmotors derart, dass diese Drehbewegung von 30 Grad in ca. 60 ms vollzogen wird. Moderne, kommerziell verfügbare Schrittmotoren leisten dies.In a tap changer of the load selector type, the stepper motor can directly control its switch column with any division, for. B. with a rotation angle of 30 degrees, which in many cases corresponds to the distance between the contacts of adjacent winding taps that can be connected. A speed of the stepping motor is particularly advantageous such that this rotational movement of 30 degrees is completed in about 60 ms. Modern, commercially available stepper motors do this.
Bei einem Stufenschalter mit getrenntem Wähler und Lastumschalter vollführt der Schrittmotor üblicherweise einen Drehwinkel von 180 Grad, während dessen der beschriebene Kraftspeicher aufgezogen wird. Nach dessen Auslösung vollzieht sich, wie beschrieben, die eigentliche Lastumschaltung.In a tap changer with separate selector and diverter switch the stepper motor usually performs a rotation angle of 180 degrees, during which the described energy storage is mounted. After its release takes place, as described, the actual load switching.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Neuerung kann beim letztgenannten Stufenschaltertyp auch der Kraftspeicher entfallen. Dabei erzeugt der Schrittmotor selbst die erforderliche rasche Drehbewegung und betätigt damit den Lastumschalter direkt.In an advantageous development of the innovation can be omitted in the last-mentioned tap-changer type and the energy storage. The stepper motor itself generates the required rapid rotational movement and thus actuates the diverter switch directly.
Die Neuerung soll nachfolgend an Hand von drei schematischen Darstellungen näher erläutert werden.The innovation will be explained in more detail below with reference to three schematic representations.
Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Stufenschalter des Lastwählertyps in schematischer Darstellung von oben
Figur 2- einen solchen Stufenschalter in konkreterer Darstellung der tatsächlichen Bauelemente
Figur 3- einen Kraftspeicher eines Stufenschalters mit getrenntem Wähler und getrenntem Lastumschalter.
- FIG. 1
- a tap changer of the load selector type in a schematic representation from above
- FIG. 2
- Such a tap changer in a more concrete representation of the actual components
- FIG. 3
- a power storage of a tap changer with separate selector and separate diverter switch.
Der in
In
In Weiterbildung der Neuerung ist es auch bei diesem Typ eines Stufenschalters möglich, den Kraftspeicher vollständig wegzulassen und den Lastumschalter durch einen schnell bewegbaren Schrittmotor direkt zu betätigen; dies ist z. B. durch einen Torquemotor möglich.In a further development of the innovation, it is also possible in this type of tap changer to omit the energy storage completely and to actuate the diverter switch directly by a fast-moving stepper motor; this is z. B. possible by a torque motor.
Claims (5)
aufweisend eine Antriebswelle, die von einem Motorantrieb betätigbar ist,
wobei die Antriebswelle direkt auf Kontaktbetätigungsmittel und/oder einem Kraftspeicher, der seinerseits nach Auslösung Kontaktbetätigungsmittel antreibt, wirkt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der die Antriebswelle (3, 6) betätigende Motorantrieb aus einem direkt antreibenden Schrittmotor (5) besteht
und dass der Schrittmotor (5) oberhalb des Stufenschalters angeordnet und direkt mit der Antriebswelle (3, 6) verbunden ist.Tap changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer,
comprising a drive shaft operable by a motor drive,
wherein the drive shaft acts directly on contact actuation means and / or a force accumulator, which in turn drives contact actuation means upon actuation,
characterized,
in that the motor drive actuating the drive shaft (3, 6) consists of a directly driving stepping motor (5)
and that the stepping motor (5) is arranged above the tap changer and connected directly to the drive shaft (3, 6).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Schrittmotor eine vorab wählbare Teiligkeit, d. h. einen vorab wählbaren festen Drehwinkel (a, b) pro Umschaltung aufweist.Tap changer according to claim 1
characterized,
that the stepping motor comprises a pre-selectable number of segments in, ie a pre-selectable fixed angle of rotation (a, b) by switching.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Schrittmotor ein Torquemotor ist.Tap changer according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the stepping motor is a torque motor.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Stufenschalter ein Lastwähler ist.Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the tap changer is a load selector.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Stufenschalter einen getrennten Wähler und separaten Lastumschalter aufweist.Tap changer according to Claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the tap changer has a separate selector and separate diverter switch.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202010011522U DE202010011522U1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | step switch |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2421014A1 true EP2421014A1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
Family
ID=45044847
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11005494A Withdrawn EP2421014A1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2011-07-06 | Stepping switch |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2421014A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202010011522U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110707889A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 河南森源重工有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and change-over switch thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202011109469U1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-03-25 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Drive unit for tap changer |
DE102014100949B4 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-12-29 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | On-load tap-changer according to the reactor switching principle |
DE102021101237B3 (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-06-09 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | SWITCH ARRANGEMENT WITH LOAD TAP SWITCH AND DRIVE SYSTEM |
DE102021116421A1 (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-29 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | switch unit |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3532842A (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1970-10-06 | Gen Electric | Switch actuating and control mechanism for vacuum type electric circuit interrupters with lost-motion and bellows biasing means |
DE1956369A1 (en) | 1969-11-08 | 1971-05-19 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Energy store for diverter switches of tap changers for regulating transformers |
DE2410641A1 (en) | 1974-03-06 | 1975-09-11 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Motor drive for tap changing switch - has asynchronous or DC motor and auxiliary drive producing signals for thyristor |
FR2695769A1 (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1994-03-18 | Electricite De France | Transformer on=load tap-changer using solid state switching - has primary supplied through two thyristor switches, which are bridge-connected with selected diode pair for required tap |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10315206A1 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2004-10-21 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Multipoint switch for step-down transformer, has torque motor used as operating drive for fine selector, preselector and load switching device |
-
2010
- 2010-08-18 DE DE202010011522U patent/DE202010011522U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2011
- 2011-07-06 EP EP11005494A patent/EP2421014A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3532842A (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1970-10-06 | Gen Electric | Switch actuating and control mechanism for vacuum type electric circuit interrupters with lost-motion and bellows biasing means |
DE1956369A1 (en) | 1969-11-08 | 1971-05-19 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Energy store for diverter switches of tap changers for regulating transformers |
DE2410641A1 (en) | 1974-03-06 | 1975-09-11 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Motor drive for tap changing switch - has asynchronous or DC motor and auxiliary drive producing signals for thyristor |
FR2695769A1 (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1994-03-18 | Electricite De France | Transformer on=load tap-changer using solid state switching - has primary supplied through two thyristor switches, which are bridge-connected with selected diode pair for required tap |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110707889A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 河南森源重工有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and change-over switch thereof |
CN110707889B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-03-02 | 河南森源重工有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and change-over switch thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202010011522U1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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