EP2473067A1 - Method for preserving food - Google Patents
Method for preserving foodInfo
- Publication number
- EP2473067A1 EP2473067A1 EP10747208A EP10747208A EP2473067A1 EP 2473067 A1 EP2473067 A1 EP 2473067A1 EP 10747208 A EP10747208 A EP 10747208A EP 10747208 A EP10747208 A EP 10747208A EP 2473067 A1 EP2473067 A1 EP 2473067A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- food
- drinks
- benzyl
- alkyl
- independently
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004520 electroporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GZDFHIJNHHMENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl dicarbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC(=O)OC GZDFHIJNHHMENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010300 dimethyl dicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004316 dimethyl dicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 tert-butyl Amyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000016943 Muramidase Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010335 lysozyme Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004325 lysozyme Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000274 lysozyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N Nisin Chemical compound N1C(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C)NC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C(=C/C)/NC(=O)[C@H](N)[C@H](C)CC)CSC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(NCC(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]2C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N[C@H](CC=4NC=NC=4)C(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]3C)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]2C)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]1C NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010053775 Nisin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019987 cider Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020400 fruit nectar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004309 nisin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010297 nisin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011496 sports drink Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000010298 natamycin Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004311 natamycin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960003255 natamycin Drugs 0.000 description 9
- NCXMLFZGDNKEPB-FFPOYIOWSA-N natamycin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C[C@@H](C)OC(=O)/C=C/[C@H]2O[C@@H]2C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 NCXMLFZGDNKEPB-FFPOYIOWSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940075554 sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M (E,E)-sorbate Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004215 spore Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- PZBPKYOVPCNPJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(OCC=C)CN1C=NC=C1 PZBPKYOVPCNPJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005795 Imazalil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015197 apple juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960002125 enilconazole Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003893 lactate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001147780 Alicyclobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- APKFDSVGJQXUKY-KKGHZKTASA-N Amphotericin-B Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 APKFDSVGJQXUKY-KKGHZKTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000722885 Brettanomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228337 Byssochlamys Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004648 C2-C8 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MUAOHYJGHYFDSA-YZMLMZOASA-N CCCCC1C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@@H](C[C@@H]2O[C@@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]2O[C@@H]2\C=C\C(=O)O1)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@@H]1O Chemical compound CCCCC1C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@@H](C[C@@H]2O[C@@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]2O[C@@H]2\C=C\C(=O)O1)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@@H]1O MUAOHYJGHYFDSA-YZMLMZOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000032681 Gluconacetobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192132 Leuconostoc Species 0.000 description 1
- MUAOHYJGHYFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lucensomycin Natural products C1C(C(C(O)C2)C(O)=O)OC2(O)CC(O)CC2OC2C=CC(=O)OC(CCCC)CC=CC=CC=CC=CC1OC1OC(C)C(O)C(N)C1O MUAOHYJGHYFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002129 Malva sylvestris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006770 Malva sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000064 Penicillium roqueforti Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002233 Penicillium roqueforti Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000235648 Pichia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235017 Zygosaccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- APKFDSVGJQXUKY-INPOYWNPSA-N amphotericin B Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 APKFDSVGJQXUKY-INPOYWNPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003942 amphotericin b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001857 anti-mycotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002543 antimycotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004666 bacterial spore Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009932 biopreservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021448 clear apple juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950005519 lucimycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000988 nystatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VQOXZBDYSJBXMA-NQTDYLQESA-N nystatin A1 Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/CC/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 VQOXZBDYSJBXMA-NQTDYLQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011085 potassium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010332 potassium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
-
- A23L3/32—
-
- A23L3/3454—
-
- A23L3/34635—
-
- A23L3/3481—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/46—Hybrid immunoglobulins
- C07K16/468—Immunoglobulins having two or more different antigen binding sites, e.g. multifunctional antibodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of microbially stabilized foods, in particular beverages by means of electroporation.
- natamycin is used together with dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) for the sterilization of beverages.
- DMDC dimethyl dicarbonate
- US-A-6136356 requires a combination of 3 preservatives, such as natamycin, sorbate and dimethyl dicarbonate, to achieve acceptable stabilization results.
- Natamycin is an antifungal, so it acts therefore mainly against fungi Compared to fermented yeast, which are characterized by dangerous carbon dioxide pressure build-up to the bursting of glass bottles as beverage pests, it has, however, inadequate effectiveness.
- US-A-2005/0112251 describes the combination of electroporation techniques such as the pulsed electric field (PEF) method in combination with persistent fungicides such as natamycin or sorbate in the search for product-sparing methods.
- PEF pulsed electric field
- a disadvantage of this method is that the persistent preservatives above all sorbic acid, are used in such high concentrations that they exceed the legal limits for special foods in many countries.
- preservatives only a spore seed of 10 cfu / mL (see Example 2) was examined in the mold and in the vegetative yeast a germination of only 10 4 cfu / mL (see Example 2).
- the weak effect of natamycin over fermentation yeast can lead to the disadvantages described above.
- WO03 / 070026 also describes the combination of persistent fungicides such as natamycin or sorbate / sorbic acid in combination with the PEF method.
- the natamycin is used as an example, but in addition to the disadvantages described above in some countries such as. In Germany in view of its use in human medicine for the food industry is only approved for special types of sausages and cheeses.
- fungicides sorbate / sorbic acid is called, which is however recommended in very large quantities of 500-2000 ppm and also in the examples with 800 ppm very high is metered.
- the preservatives used in WO03 / 070026 are therefore either undesirable in beverages either or even in combination with PEF use very high doses.
- combinations of PEF and, for example, nisin for certain bacterial strains are found in Galvez A., et al .: "Bacterioncin-based strategies for food biopreservation" International Journal of Microbiology, 2007, pp. 51-70.
- US2008 / 311259 describes a very different type of sterilization of high-pressure pasteurization in beverages, in which chemical preservatives can also be used.
- a disadvantage of high-pressure pasteurization is the long treatment time under high pressure, which is too time-consuming for drinks in large bottling plants.
- the object was therefore to find a method for the stabilization of foods, in particular beverages, which does not have the disadvantages described and, moreover, can be used not only against molds and yeasts but also against other, preferably occurring in drinks microorganisms.
- a process has now been found for producing microbially stabilized foods, in particular beverages, which is characterized in that a foodstuff containing dialkyl dicarbonate is treated by electroporation.
- Preservatives such as sorbates or natamycin can be enhanced by the influence of PEF, DMDC acts only after the passage through the membrane inside the cell by inactivation of enzymes. A process that can not be influenced by a short - term, reversible influence on the
- the dialkyl dicarbonate is a compound of the formula (I) embedded image in which
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, cycloalkyl,
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 8 -alkenyl or benzyl, particularly preferred
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 5 -alkyl, C 3 -alkenyl or benzyl, and very particularly preferably R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, tert . Amyl, AHyI or benzyl.
- DMDC dialkyldicarbonate dimethyldicarbonate
- the dialkyl dicarbonate is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 300 ppm, in particular from 10 to 260 ppm, based on the food, in particular beverage.
- the substance class of dialkyl dicarbonates has the special property of being in contact with corresponding (aqueous) foods, in particular beverages in the derived alcohols and - -
- the invention is preferably a food pumpable at room temperature.
- food is understood to mean substances or products which are intended or which can reasonably be expected to be ingested in processed, partially processed or unprocessed state by humans.
- Food also includes beverages, chewing gum and all substances - including water - intentionally added to the food during its manufacture or processing.
- Particularly preferred foods are beverages, especially tea-based beverages, including green tea, black tea and other tea varieties, as well as acidified beverages, in particular having a pH ⁇ 4.2, carbonated and non-carbonated non-alcoholic soft drinks, fruit juices, fruit nectars, fruit juice -containing drinks, fruit preparations, wines, soft drinks, ciders, iced teas, mixed alcoholic drinks, flavored waters or sports drinks or isotonic drinks. It is further preferred to use no or further antimicrobial substances, in particular persistent preservatives, preferably with the exception of natamycin.
- the food to be treated especially beverage more of these substances, in particular additionally at least one further antimicrobial preservative from the group of polyene antimycotics, such as nystatin, lucensomycin or amphotericin B, organic acids such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, Propionic acid, or lactic acid, salts of said acids, such as benzoates, sorbates, propionates or lactates imidazoles or their salts, in particular imazalil, sulfur dioxide, EDTA and lysozyme are added. Particular preference is given to sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.
- polyene antimycotics such as nystatin, lucensomycin or amphotericin B
- organic acids such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, Propionic acid, or lactic acid
- salts of said acids such as benzoates, sorbates, propionates or lactates imidazoles or their salts, in particular imazalil, sulfur dioxide,
- the process according to the invention is preferred in which no further antimicrobial substances are added to the food.
- the food to be treated by the process according to the invention contains, in particular, at least one further antimicrobial preservative, in particular one of the abovementioned group.
- these are preferably present in an amount of (in the case of salts based on the free acid) from 1 to 2000 ppm, in particular from 25 to 500 ppm, preferably from 25 to less than 500 ppm, based on the food, in particular Used drink.
- dialkyl dicarbonates in particular of dimethyl dicarbonate
- the addition of the dialkyl dicarbonates is usually carried out in liquid form, in portions or continuously to the food, in particular beverage. It is preferred that the addition of dialkyl dicarbonate is preferably carried out continuously by means of a nozzle, in particular with a pressure of 0.1 to 40 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 40 bar, in particular 10 to 35 bar with respect to the beverage pressure.
- DMDC is preferably sprayed into the beverage stream by means of a metering pump via a heated nozzle. Improvements to corresponding pumps have been described in the patent literature, for example in DE-A-2910328 or in DE-A-2930765.
- Corresponding metering devices usually consist of storage vessels, electromagnetically operated Do sierpumpe, injection area and an electronically coupled inductive flow meter, and of course suction, ventilation or temperature, connections, valves, sensors, etc., including connecting and controlling electronic elements.
- the dosing of the pumps are usually 0.1 to 20 liters of DMDC per hour. - -
- dialkyl dicarbonate, in particular DMDC to the food, in particular beverage is preferably carried out at a temperature of -5 to 30 0 C, in particular at 0 to 25 ° C, particularly preferably at 5 to 22 ° C.
- dialkyl dicarbonate compound preferably takes place after the addition of the other antimicrobial substance.
- the electroporation in particular the method known as PEF (pulsed electric field), which is also referred to as a high-intensity pulsed electric field, in the context of the invention is a method which is preferably characterized by allowing pulsed electric fields to act on the food , Process parameters are primarily the electric field strength and the electric energy input.
- PEF pulsed electric field
- foods with high voltage pulses are preferably treated with field strengths of 0.5 to 100 kV / cm between two electrodes.
- the PEF process is preferably carried out at -10 to 60 0 C, in particular at 15 to 25 ° C.
- the food is preferably exposed for less than 1 s of energy, wherein the heating of the food is minimized.
- PEF technology is considered to be a better process because it does not or only barely influences the sensory and physical properties of food
- the high field strength in PEF technology is generally achieved by storing a large portion of the energy in a capacitor bank of a DC power supply, which then discharges in the form of high voltage pulses.
- the PEF process according to the invention preferably
- Energy densities of 1 to 1000 J / ml food, especially drink for use preferably 15 to 200 J / ml.
- field strengths preferably 0.5 to 100 kV / cm, in particular 3 to 50 kV / cm advantageous.
- the frequency of the electrical pulses is preferably 10 to 800 Hz, preferably 60 to 500 Hz.
- the duration of the pulses is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ s, in particular 5 to 50 ⁇ s.
- the energy density is defined as follows.
- the efficiency is, for example, about 85% for the Elcrack® device used in the examples
- the power consumed in watts was read off from the PEF device during the treatment process and the flow rate was 70 l / h.
- the treated food, especially beverage is usually heated in dependence on the electric energy input by about 1 to 20 0 C.
- Bacteria for example Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Acetobacter spp., Gluconacetobacter spp., Alicyclobacillus spp.
- Yeasts for example Saccharomyces spp , Zygosaccharomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Candida spp., Brettanomyces spp., Pichia spp.
- And mold e.g., Penicillium spp., Byssochlamys spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp.).
- the method according to the invention thus has the advantage of effectively combating microorganisms without or without high and possibly even unauthorized amounts of persistent preservatives.
- Bacterial cells usually 100 0 C can last for several hours and be killed only after a several minutes long heating to 120 0 C safely.
- the method according to the invention could also be used successfully against these microorganisms.
- the treatment cell of the device had a diameter of 5 mm and an electrode distance of 7 mm.
- the treatment was carried out at different field strengths and energy densities, the pulse width being 20 ⁇ s and the pulse frequency 400 Hz.
- each clear apple juice with stirring by means of a propeller stirrer a germ or spore suspension, then after about 3 minutes, if necessary, further antimicrobial substances and then after about 2 minutes DMDC.
- the germ or spore suspension was added in such a way that in the apple juice a certain amount of cells was generally 10 3 to 10 5 CFU / ml.
- the apple juice was then treated with PEF (with the Elcrack device described above), and other microbially active substances were sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate, respectively.
- the temperatures of the finished drinks indicated in the table were determined.
- the mean logarithmic microbial reduction (MLK) was determined.
- MLK mean logarithmic microbial reduction
- the microorganisms used were the following.
- Bacillilus subtilis DSM 347 (ATCC 6633)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing microbially stabilized food, characterized in that a food product containing a dialkyl dicarbonate is treated by means of electroporation.
Description
- - - -
Verfahren zur Konservierung von Lebensmitteln Process for the preservation of food
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von mikrobiell stabilisierten Lebensmitteln, insbesondere Getränken mittels Elektroporation. The invention relates to a process for the production of microbially stabilized foods, in particular beverages by means of electroporation.
Die Kaltentkeimung von Getränken ist in der Literatur vielfach beschrieben. Sie kann einerseits über chemische Zusätze wie Konservierungsmittel oder durch physikalische Verfahren wie thermische Sterilisation realisiert werden. Nachteile dieser Verfahren sind häufig unerwünschter Geschmack durch die Zusätze und/oder Zerstörung oder Veränderung von wichtigen Inhaltsstoffen beispielsweise durch die thermischen Verfahren. Cold sterilization of beverages has been described many times in the literature. It can be realized on the one hand via chemical additives such as preservatives or by physical methods such as thermal sterilization. Disadvantages of these methods are often unwanted taste by the additions and / or destruction or modification of important ingredients, for example by the thermal process.
Die Verwendung von Kombinationen von einzelnen Konservierungmitteln für Getränke ist bereits bekannt. So wird in US-A- 5738888 Natamycin zusammen mit Dimethyldicarbonat (DMDC) zur Sterilisation von Getränken verwendet. In US-A-6136356 bedarf es gar einer Kombination von 3 Konservierungsmitteln wie Natamycin, Sorbat und Dimethyldicarbonat, um akzeptable Stabilisierungsergebnisse zu erzielen. The use of combinations of individual beverage preservatives is already known. Thus, in US Pat. No. 5,738,888, natamycin is used together with dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) for the sterilization of beverages. Indeed, US-A-6136356 requires a combination of 3 preservatives, such as natamycin, sorbate and dimethyl dicarbonate, to achieve acceptable stabilization results.
Natamycin ist ein Antimykotikum, wirkt also von daher hauptsächlich gegen Pilze Gegenüber Gärhefen, die sich durch gefährlichen Kohlendioxiddruckaufbau bis zum Zerplatzen von Glasflaschen als Getränkeschädlinge auszeichnen, hat es dagegegen eine unzureichende Wirksamkeit. Natamycin is an antifungal, so it acts therefore mainly against fungi Compared to fermented yeast, which are characterized by dangerous carbon dioxide pressure build-up to the bursting of glass bottles as beverage pests, it has, however, inadequate effectiveness.
Aus US-A-6803064 sind Ca-haltige Getränke beschrieben, die auch konserviert werden können, wobei alternativ ein oder mehrere Konservierungsmittel wie Sorbate, Benzoate oder DMDC oder Pasteurisierungverfahren wie PEF eingesetzt werden können. Beispielhaft kommt jedoch lediglich eine Mischung von K-Benzoat und K-Sorbat im Verhältnis 26:7 zur Konservierung zum Einsatz. From US-A-6803064 Ca-containing beverages are described which can also be preserved, alternatively one or more preservatives such as sorbates, benzoates or DMDC or pasteurization processes such as PEF can be used. By way of example, however, only a mixture of K-benzoate and K-sorbate in the ratio 26: 7 is used for preservation.
Auf der Suche nach Produkt schonenden Verfahren ist in US-A-2005/0112251 die Kombination von Elektroporationsverfahren wie der Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Methode in Kombination mit persistenten Fungiziden wie Natamycin oder Sorbat beschrieben. Nachteilig bei diesem Verfahren ist allerdings, dass die persistenten Konservierungsmittel allen voran Sorbinsäure, in solch hohen Konzentrationen eingesetzt werden, dass sie in vielen Ländern die gesetzlichen Höchstmengen für spezielle Lebensmittel übersteigen. Trotz der hohen Einsatzmengen an Konservierungsmitteln wurde beim Schimmelpilz nur eine Sporeneinsaat von 10 KBE/ mL (siehe Beispiel 2) und bei der vegetativen Hefe eine Keimeinsaat von nur 104 KBE/ mL (siehe Beispiel 2) untersucht. Insbesondere die schwache Wirkung von Natamycin gegenüber Gärhefen kann zu den oben beschrieben Nachteilen führen.
- -US-A-2005/0112251 describes the combination of electroporation techniques such as the pulsed electric field (PEF) method in combination with persistent fungicides such as natamycin or sorbate in the search for product-sparing methods. A disadvantage of this method, however, is that the persistent preservatives above all sorbic acid, are used in such high concentrations that they exceed the legal limits for special foods in many countries. Despite the high use of preservatives, only a spore seed of 10 cfu / mL (see Example 2) was examined in the mold and in the vegetative yeast a germination of only 10 4 cfu / mL (see Example 2). In particular, the weak effect of natamycin over fermentation yeast can lead to the disadvantages described above. - -
Auch WO03/070026 beschreibt die Kombination von persistenten Fungiziden wie Natamycin oder Sorbat/Sorbinsäure in Kombination mit der PEF-Methode. Bevorzugt wird beispielhaft das Natamycin verwendet, das aber neben den oben beschrieben Nachteilen auch in einigen Länder wie bspw. in Deutschland im Hinblick auf seinen Einsatz auch in der Humanmedizin für den Lebensmittelbereich nur für spezielle Wurst- und Käsesorten zugelassen ist. WO03 / 070026 also describes the combination of persistent fungicides such as natamycin or sorbate / sorbic acid in combination with the PEF method. Preferably, the natamycin is used as an example, but in addition to the disadvantages described above in some countries such as. In Germany in view of its use in human medicine for the food industry is only approved for special types of sausages and cheeses.
Als weitere bevorzugte Fungizide wird Sorbat/Sorbinsäure genannt, das aber in sehr großen Mengen von 500-2000 ppm empfohlen wird und auch in den Beispielen mit 800 ppm sehr hoch dosiert wird. Die in WO03/070026 eingesetzten Konservierungmittel sind daher entweder in Getränken enwtweder nicht erwünscht oder selbst in Kombination mit PEF sehr hoch dosiert einzusetzen. Ähnliches findet sich für Kombinationen von PEF und bspw. Nisin für bestimmte Bakterienstämme in Galvez A., et al:„Bacterioncinbased strategies for food biopreservation" International Journal of Microbio logy, 2007, Seiten 51-70. As further preferred fungicides sorbate / sorbic acid is called, which is however recommended in very large quantities of 500-2000 ppm and also in the examples with 800 ppm very high is metered. The preservatives used in WO03 / 070026 are therefore either undesirable in beverages either or even in combination with PEF use very high doses. Similarly, combinations of PEF and, for example, nisin for certain bacterial strains are found in Galvez A., et al .: "Bacterioncin-based strategies for food biopreservation" International Journal of Microbiology, 2007, pp. 51-70.
In US2008/311259 wird eine ganz andere Art der Sterilisation die Hochdruckpasteurisierung bei Getränken beschrieben, bei der auch chemische Konservierungsmittel mitverwendet werden können. Nachteilig bei der Hochdruck-Pasteurisierung ist die lange Behandlungszeit unter Hochdruck, was für Getränke in großen Abfüllanlagen zu zeitintensiv ist. US2008 / 311259 describes a very different type of sterilization of high-pressure pasteurization in beverages, in which chemical preservatives can also be used. A disadvantage of high-pressure pasteurization is the long treatment time under high pressure, which is too time-consuming for drinks in large bottling plants.
Aufgabe war es daher, ein Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Lebensmitteln, insbesondere Getränken zu finden, das die beschriebenen Nachteile nicht aufweist und darüber hinaus nicht nur gegen Schimmelpilze und Hefen sondern auch gegen andere, vorzugsweise in Getränken vorkommenden Mikroorganismen eingesetzt werden kann. The object was therefore to find a method for the stabilization of foods, in particular beverages, which does not have the disadvantages described and, moreover, can be used not only against molds and yeasts but also against other, preferably occurring in drinks microorganisms.
Es wurde nun ein Verfahren zur Herstellung mikrobiell stabilisierter Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränke gefunden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man ein Lebensmittel, enthaltend Dialkyldicarbonat mittels Elektroporation behandelt. A process has now been found for producing microbially stabilized foods, in particular beverages, which is characterized in that a foodstuff containing dialkyl dicarbonate is treated by electroporation.
Es wurde eine Wirkverstärkung gefunden, die überraschend ist. Während sich die Wirkung der auch oder ausschließlich an der Membran von Mikroorganismen reagierenden, persistentenAn effect enhancement was found which is surprising. While the effect of persistent or even on the membrane of microorganisms reacting, persistent
Konservierungsmitteln wie Sorbate oder Natamycin durch den Einfluss von PEF verstärken lässt, wirkt DMDC erst nach dem Durchtritt durch die Membran im Inneren der Zelle durch Inaktivierung von Enzymen. Ein Prozess, der folglich nicht durch kurzzeitige, reversible Einflussnahme auf diePreservatives such as sorbates or natamycin can be enhanced by the influence of PEF, DMDC acts only after the passage through the membrane inside the cell by inactivation of enzymes. A process that can not be influenced by a short - term, reversible influence on the
Membran beeinflusst werden sollte. Die Wanderungsgeschwindigkeit von DMDC durch die Membran ist ungleich höher als die normalerweise im Millisekundenbereich liegende PEFMembrane should be affected. The migration rate of DMDC through the membrane is much higher than the normally in the millisecond range PEF
Behandlung. Insofern war eine Wirkverstärkung nicht zu erwarten, wie bei denTreatment. In this respect, an effect enhancement was not expected, as with the
Konservierungsmitteln, die bereits an der Membranoberfläche ihre Wirkung entfalten (siehe auch
- -Preservatives that already have their effect on the membrane surface (see also - -
„Antimicrobials in Food", P.M. Davidson, J.N. Sofos and A.L. Branen 2005, S. 49-50 (für Sorbate), S. 277 und 280 (für Natmycin) und S. 305 und 313 (für DMDC)., "Antimicrobials in Food", P.M. Davidson, J.N. Sofos and A.L. Branen 2005, pp. 49-50 (for sorbates), pp. 277 and 280 (for natmycin) and pp. 305 and 313 (for DMDC).
Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem Dialkyldicarbonat um eine Verbindung der Formel (I)
woπn Particularly preferably, the dialkyl dicarbonate is a compound of the formula (I) embedded image in which
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes Ci-Cg-Alkyl, Cycloalkyl, R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, cycloalkyl,
C2-Cg-Alkenyl, C2-Cg-AIkUIyI oder Benzyl stehen, welches jeweils gegebenenfalls ein- bis mehrfach, gleich oder verschieden substituiert ist durch Halogen, Nitro, Cyano, Ci-Cβ-Alkoxy und/oder Dialkylamino, oder für Phenyl stehen, welches gegebenenfalls ein bis mehrfach, gleich oder verschieden substituiert ist durchC 2 -Cg alkenyl, C 2 -Cg -AlkUIyI or benzyl, which is in each case optionally mono- to polysubstituted by identical or different substituents by halogen, nitro, cyano, Ci-Cβ-alkoxy and / or dialkylamino, or phenyl which is optionally substituted one to more than once, the same or different
Halogen, Nitro, Cyano, Alkyl, Halogenalkyl, Alkoxy, Halogenalkoxy, Acyl, Acyloxy, Alkoxycarbonyl und/oder Carboxyl, bevorzugt Halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl and / or carboxyl
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes Ci-Cg-Alkyl, C2-C8- Alkenyl oder Benzyl stehen, besonders bevorzugt R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 8 -alkenyl or benzyl, particularly preferred
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes Ci-C5-Alkyl, C3-Alkenyl oder Benzyl stehen, und ganz besonders bevorzugt R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für Methyl, Ethyl, Isopropyl, tert.-Butyl, tert.-Amyl, AHyI oder Benzyl stehen. R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 5 -alkyl, C 3 -alkenyl or benzyl, and very particularly preferably R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, tert . Amyl, AHyI or benzyl.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist als Dialkyldicarbonat Dimethyldicarbonat (DMDC). Very particular preference is given as dialkyldicarbonate dimethyldicarbonate (DMDC).
Das Dialkyldicarbonat wird vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 1 bis 300 ppm, insbesondere von 10 bis 260 ppm, bezogen auf das Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk zugesetzt. Die Substanzklasse der Dialkyldicarbonate hat die besondere Eigenschaft, in Kontakt mit entsprechenden (wässrigen) Lebensmitteln, insbesondere Getränken in die abgeleiteten Alkohole und
- -The dialkyl dicarbonate is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 300 ppm, in particular from 10 to 260 ppm, based on the food, in particular beverage. The substance class of dialkyl dicarbonates has the special property of being in contact with corresponding (aqueous) foods, in particular beverages in the derived alcohols and - -
Kohlendioxid zu hydrolysieren. In Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur der Getränke während der Anwendung ist deshalb schon nach relativ kurzer Zeit die eigentlich aktive Substanz nicht mehr im Getränk vorhanden. Bei den üblichen Temperaturen der Kaltabfüllung von Getränken von 0 bis 25 0C ist dies nach einigen Stunden der Fall. Die Wirkung von Dialkyldicarbonaten durch verschiedene Methoden oder Kombinationen zu verbessern ist bereits in der Patentliteratur vielfach beschrieben beispielsweise in DE-A-4434314, US-A-5738888, WO 200187096 oder US-A-2001046538. To hydrolyze carbon dioxide. Depending on the temperature of the drinks during the application, therefore, the actually active substance is no longer present in the drink after a relatively short time. At the usual temperatures of cold filling of drinks from 0 to 25 0 C, this is the case after a few hours. The effect of dialkyl dicarbonates by various methods or combinations is already described in many cases in the patent literature, for example in DE-A-4434314, US-A-5738888, WO 200187096 or US-A-2001046538.
Bei der Erfindung handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein bei Raumtemperatur pumpbares Lebensmittel. Unter Lebensmittel werden im Rahmen der Erfindung Stoffe oder Erzeugnisse verstanden, die dazu bestimmt sind oder von denen nach vernünftigem Ermessen erwartet werden kann, dass sie in verarbeitetem, teilweise verarbeitetem oder unverarbeitetem Zustand von Menschen aufgenommen werden. Zu„Lebensmitteln" zählen auch Getränke, Kaugummi sowie alle Stoffe - einschließlich Wasser -, die dem Lebensmittel bei seiner Herstellung oder Ver- oder Bearbeitung absichtlich zugesetzt werden. The invention is preferably a food pumpable at room temperature. For the purposes of the invention, food is understood to mean substances or products which are intended or which can reasonably be expected to be ingested in processed, partially processed or unprocessed state by humans. "Food" also includes beverages, chewing gum and all substances - including water - intentionally added to the food during its manufacture or processing.
Besonders bevorzugte Lebensmittel sind Getränke, insbesondere Tee-basierte Getränke, einschließlich grünem Tee, schwarzem Tee sowie anderen Tee-Sorten, sowie um sauer eingestellte Getränke, insbesondere mit einem pH < 4.2, karbonisierte und nicht-carbonisierte alkoholfreie Erfrischungsgetränke, Fruchtsäfte, Fruchtnektare, Fruchsaft-haltige Getränke, Frucht-zubereitungen, Weine, alkoholfreie Getränke, Ciders, Eistees, alkoholische Mischgetränke, aromatisierte Wässer oder Sportgetränke bzw. isotonische Getränke. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist es, keine oder weitere antimikrobiell wirkende Stoffe, insbesondere persistente Konservierungsmittel, vorzugsweise ausgenommen Natamycin, mit zu verwenden. Es ist daher bevorzugt, dass dem zu behandelnden Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk weitere dieser Stoffe, insbesondere zusätzlich wenigstens ein weiteres antimikrobiell wirkendes Konservierungsmittel aus der Gruppe der polyenen Antimykotika, wie beispielsweise Nystatin, Lucensomycin oder Amphotericin B, organischen Säuren, wie beispielsweise Benzoesäure, Sorbinsäure, Propionsäure, oder Milchsäure, Salze der genannten Säuren, wie beispielsweise Benzoate, Sorbate, Propionate oder Laktate Imidazole oder deren Salze, insbesondere Imazalil, Schwefeldioxid, EDTA und Lysozym zugegeben werden. Besonders bevorzugt sind Natriumbenzoat und Kaliumsorbat.Bevorzugt ist es im Fall einer Mitverwendung weiterer antimikrobiell wirkender Konservierungsmittel solche einzusetzen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Benzoesäure, Sorbinsäure, Propionsäure, oder Milchsäure, Salze der genannten Säuren, wie beispielsweise Benzoate, Sorbate, Propionate oder Laktate Imidazole oder deren Salze, insbesondere Imazalil, Schwefeldioxid, EDTA und Lysozym.
Ganz bevorzugt ist es im Fall einer Mitverwendung weiterer antimikrobiell wirkender Konservierungsmittel solche einzusetzen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Benzoesäure, Sorbinsäure, Propionsäure, oder Milchsäure, Benzoate, insbesondere Natriumbenzoat, Sorbate, insbesondere Kaliumsorbat, Propionate und Laktate. Besonders bevorzugt ist es im Fall einer Mitverwendung weiterer antimikrobiell wirkender Konservierungsmittel solche einzusetzen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Natriumbenzoat und Kaliumsorbat. Particularly preferred foods are beverages, especially tea-based beverages, including green tea, black tea and other tea varieties, as well as acidified beverages, in particular having a pH <4.2, carbonated and non-carbonated non-alcoholic soft drinks, fruit juices, fruit nectars, fruit juice -containing drinks, fruit preparations, wines, soft drinks, ciders, iced teas, mixed alcoholic drinks, flavored waters or sports drinks or isotonic drinks. It is further preferred to use no or further antimicrobial substances, in particular persistent preservatives, preferably with the exception of natamycin. It is therefore preferred that the food to be treated, especially beverage more of these substances, in particular additionally at least one further antimicrobial preservative from the group of polyene antimycotics, such as nystatin, lucensomycin or amphotericin B, organic acids such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, Propionic acid, or lactic acid, salts of said acids, such as benzoates, sorbates, propionates or lactates imidazoles or their salts, in particular imazalil, sulfur dioxide, EDTA and lysozyme are added. Particular preference is given to sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate. It is preferred to use those selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, sorbic acid, propionic acid or lactic acid, salts of the acids mentioned, such as, for example, benzoates, sorbates, propionates or lactates, if further antimicrobial preservatives are used Imidazoles or their salts, in particular imazalil, sulfur dioxide, EDTA and lysozyme. In the case of a concomitant use of further antimicrobial preservatives, it is most preferred to use those selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, sorbic acid, propionic acid or lactic acid, benzoates, in particular sodium benzoate, sorbates, in particular potassium sorbate, propionates and lactates. In the case of co-use of further antimicrobial preservatives it is particularly preferred to use those selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.
Bevorzugt ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei dem keine weiteren antimikrobiell wirkenden Stoffe dem Lebensmittel zugegeben wird. Vorzugsweise enthält das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zu behandelnde Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk wenigstens ein weiteres antimikrobiell wirkendes Konservierungsmittel, insbesondere eines aus der oben genannten Gruppe. The process according to the invention is preferred in which no further antimicrobial substances are added to the food. Preferably, the food to be treated by the process according to the invention contains, in particular, at least one further antimicrobial preservative, in particular one of the abovementioned group.
Im Falle einer Mitverwendung von weiteren antimikrobiell wirkenden Stoffen werden diese vorzugsweise in einer Menge von (bei Salzen bezogen auf die freie Säure) 1 bis 2000 ppm, insbesondere von 25 bis 500 ppm, vorzugsweise 25 bis kleiner 500 ppm, bezogen auf das Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk eingesetzt. In the case of additional use of antimicrobial substances, these are preferably present in an amount of (in the case of salts based on the free acid) from 1 to 2000 ppm, in particular from 25 to 500 ppm, preferably from 25 to less than 500 ppm, based on the food, in particular Used drink.
Die Zugabe der Dialkyldicarbonate, insbesondere von Dimethyldicarbonat erfolgt üblicherweise in flüssiger Form, portionsweise oder kontinuierlich zu dem Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk. Bevorzugt ist es, dass die Zugabe von Dialkyldicarbonat vorzugsweise kontinuierlich mittels einer Düse, insbesondere mit einem Druck von 0,1 bis 40bar, vorzugsweise von 0,5 bis 40 bar, insbesondere 10 bis 35 bar gegenüber dem Getränkedruck erfolgt. Insbesondere DMDC wird bevorzugt mittels einer Dosierpumpe über eine beheizte Düse, in den Getränkestrom verdüst. Verbesserungen entsprechender Pumpen wurden in der Patentliteratur beschrieben beispielsweise in der DE-A-2910328 oder in der DE-A-2930765. Verbesserungen der Düse bzw. der davor liegenden Mischkammer wurden beispielsweise in der DE-A-1557043 beschrieben. Entsprechende Dosiervorrichtungen bestehen üblicherweise aus Vorratsgefäßen, elektromagnetisch betriebener Do sierpumpe, Eindüsungsbereich und einem elektronisch gekoppelten induktiven Durchflussmessgerät, sowie selbstverständlich Ansaugvorrichtungen, Belüftung bzw. Temperierung, Verbindungen, Ventilen, Sensoren etc. samt verbindenden und steuernden Elektronikelementen. Die Dosierleistungen der Pumpen betragen üblicherweise 0,1 bis 20 Liter DMDC pro Stunde.
- -The addition of the dialkyl dicarbonates, in particular of dimethyl dicarbonate, is usually carried out in liquid form, in portions or continuously to the food, in particular beverage. It is preferred that the addition of dialkyl dicarbonate is preferably carried out continuously by means of a nozzle, in particular with a pressure of 0.1 to 40 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 40 bar, in particular 10 to 35 bar with respect to the beverage pressure. In particular, DMDC is preferably sprayed into the beverage stream by means of a metering pump via a heated nozzle. Improvements to corresponding pumps have been described in the patent literature, for example in DE-A-2910328 or in DE-A-2930765. Improvements to the nozzle or the preceding mixing chamber have been described for example in DE-A-1557043. Corresponding metering devices usually consist of storage vessels, electromagnetically operated Do sierpumpe, injection area and an electronically coupled inductive flow meter, and of course suction, ventilation or temperature, connections, valves, sensors, etc., including connecting and controlling electronic elements. The dosing of the pumps are usually 0.1 to 20 liters of DMDC per hour. - -
Die Zugabe von Dialkyldicarbonat, insbesondere DMDC zum Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk erfolgt vorzugsweise bei einer Temperatur von -5 bis 300C, insbesondere bei 0 bis 25°C, besonders bevorzugt bei 5 bis 22°C. The addition of dialkyl dicarbonate, in particular DMDC to the food, in particular beverage is preferably carried out at a temperature of -5 to 30 0 C, in particular at 0 to 25 ° C, particularly preferably at 5 to 22 ° C.
Bei Mitverwendung von weiteren antimikrobiell wirkenden Stoffen kann diese entweder getrennt oder gemeinsam mit dem Dimethyldicarbonat zum Getränk erfolgen. If further antimicrobial substances are used, this can be done either separately or together with the dimethyl dicarbonate to the beverage.
Bevorzugt erfolgt nach der Zugabe des anderen antimikrobiell wirkenden Stoffes die Zugabe der Dialkyldicarbonatverbindung. The addition of the dialkyl dicarbonate compound preferably takes place after the addition of the other antimicrobial substance.
Aufgrund des Zerfalls der Dialkyldicarbonatverbindung im Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk ist es bevorzugt, nach der Zugabe der Dialkyldicarbonatverbindung die Elektroporation möglichst kurz danach anzuschließen. So erfolgt bevorzugt weniger als 15 Minuten nach der Dialkyldicarbonat- Zugabe, vorzugsweise nach weniger als 5 Minuten, die Elektroporation. Die Elektroporation, insbesondere das als PEF (pulsed electric field) bekannte Verfahren, das auch als high intensity pulsed electric field bezeichnet wird, im Sinne der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren, das vorzugsweise dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man gepulste elektrischer Felder auf das Lebensmittel einwirken lässt. Verfahrensparameter sind primär die elektrische Feldstärke und der Elektroenergieeintrag. Due to the decomposition of the dialkyl dicarbonate compound in the food, in particular beverage, it is preferred to connect the electroporation as soon as possible after the addition of the dialkyl dicarbonate compound. Thus, preferably less than 15 minutes after the dialkyl dicarbonate addition, preferably after less than 5 minutes, the electroporation. The electroporation, in particular the method known as PEF (pulsed electric field), which is also referred to as a high-intensity pulsed electric field, in the context of the invention is a method which is preferably characterized by allowing pulsed electric fields to act on the food , Process parameters are primarily the electric field strength and the electric energy input.
Bei dem Elektroporations-Verfahren PEF werden Lebensmittel mit Hochspannungspulsen vorzugsweise mit Feldstärken von 0,5 bis 100 kV/cm zwischen zwei Elektroden behandelt. Das PEF -Verfahren wird vorzugsweise bei -10 bis 60 0C, insbesondere bei 15 bis 25°C durchgeführt. Das Lebensmittel ist dabei vorzugsweise für weniger als 1 s der Energie ausgesetzt, wobei die Erhitzung des Lebensmittels minimiert wird. Im Gegensatz zu den thermischen Verfahren wird die PEF- Technologie als besseres Verfahren betrachtet, da hierdurch die sensorischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften von Lebensmitteln nicht oder nur kaum beeinflusst werden In the electroporation method PEF, foods with high voltage pulses are preferably treated with field strengths of 0.5 to 100 kV / cm between two electrodes. The PEF process is preferably carried out at -10 to 60 0 C, in particular at 15 to 25 ° C. The food is preferably exposed for less than 1 s of energy, wherein the heating of the food is minimized. In contrast to thermal processes, PEF technology is considered to be a better process because it does not or only barely influences the sensory and physical properties of food
Die hohe Feldstärke bei der PEF Technologie wird im allgemeinen dadurch erreicht, dass ein großer Teil der Energie in einer Kondensatorbank eines Gleichstromnetzteils gespeichert wird, welches sich dann in Form von Hochspannungspulsen entlädt. The high field strength in PEF technology is generally achieved by storing a large portion of the energy in a capacitor bank of a DC power supply, which then discharges in the form of high voltage pulses.
Beispiele solcher PEF-Geräte, bzw. der Beschreibung ihrer Funktionsweise können beispielsweise der DE-A-3413583 entnommen werden. Examples of such PEF devices or the description of their mode of operation can be found, for example, in DE-A-3413583.
Bei der Elektroporation, insbesondere dem PEF-Verfahren kommen erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweiseIn the electroporation, in particular the PEF process according to the invention preferably
Energiedichten von 1 bis 1000 J/ml Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk zum Einsatz, vorzugsweise 15 bis 200 J/ml. Für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sind Feldstärken von vorzugsweise 0,5 bis
100 kV/cm, insbesondere 3 bis 50 kV/cm vorteilhaft. Die Frequenz der elektrischen Impulse beträgt vorzugsweise 10 bis 800 Hz, vorzugsweise 60 bis 500 Hz. Energy densities of 1 to 1000 J / ml food, especially drink for use, preferably 15 to 200 J / ml. For the method according to the invention are field strengths of preferably 0.5 to 100 kV / cm, in particular 3 to 50 kV / cm advantageous. The frequency of the electrical pulses is preferably 10 to 800 Hz, preferably 60 to 500 Hz.
Die Dauer der Pulse (Pulsbreite) beträgt vorzugsweise 1 bis 100 μs, insbesondere 5 bis 50 μs. The duration of the pulses (pulse width) is preferably 1 to 100 μs, in particular 5 to 50 μs.
Die Energiedichte ist dabei wie folgt definiert. The energy density is defined as follows.
3600 * Wirkungsgrad * aufgenommeneLeistung[W] 3600 * efficiency * absorbed power [W]
Energiedichte = Energy density
Durchfluss[l / h] * 1000 Flow rate [l / h] * 1000
Der Wirkungsgrad beträgt beispielsweise bei dem in den Beispielen eingesetzten Elcrack" -Gerät ca. 85 %. Die aufgenommene Leistung in Watt wurde während des Behandlungsverfahrens vom PEF- Gerät abgelesen. Der Durchfluss betrug 70 l/h. The efficiency is, for example, about 85% for the Elcrack® device used in the examples The power consumed in watts was read off from the PEF device during the treatment process and the flow rate was 70 l / h.
Das behandelte Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk wird in der Regel in Abhängigkeit von dem Elektroenergieeintrag um ca. 1 bis 200C erwärmt. The treated food, especially beverage is usually heated in dependence on the electric energy input by about 1 to 20 0 C.
Besonders bevorzugt wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gegen folgende Stämme eingesetzt: Bakterien (z. B. Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Acetobacter spp., Gluconacetobacter spp., Alicyclobacillus spp.), Hefen (z. B. Saccharomyces spp., Zygosaccharomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Candida spp., Brettanomyces spp., Pichia spp.) und Schimmel (z. B. Penicülium spp., Byssochlamys spp., Aspergülus spp., Fusarium spp.). Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, dass das erfmdungsgemäße Verfahren zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Entkeimung führt, was zur Folge hat, dass entweder höhere Anfangsverkeimungen von Getränken mit gleichen Mengen an Dialkyldicarbonat ggf. in Kombination mit persistenten Konservierungsmitteln bekämpft werden können oder bei normaler Verkeimung geringe Mengen bereits ausreichen. The method according to the invention is particularly preferably used against the following strains: Bacteria (for example Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Acetobacter spp., Gluconacetobacter spp., Alicyclobacillus spp.), Yeasts (for example Saccharomyces spp , Zygosaccharomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Candida spp., Brettanomyces spp., Pichia spp.) And mold (e.g., Penicillium spp., Byssochlamys spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp.). Surprisingly, it has been found that the erfmdungsgemäße process leads to a significant improvement in the sterilization, which has the consequence that either higher initial bacterial contamination of beverages with equal amounts of dialkyl dicarbonate can be combated, if necessary in combination with persistent preservatives or in normal microbial small amounts already sufficient ,
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat somit den Vorteil Mikroorganismen effektiv zu bekämpfen, ohne bzw. ohne hohe und ggf. gar nicht zugelassene Mengen an persistenten Konservierungsmitteln auszukommen. The method according to the invention thus has the advantage of effectively combating microorganisms without or without high and possibly even unauthorized amounts of persistent preservatives.
Zusätzlich wurde gefunden, dass Bakteriensporen und Bakterien, die Schleimbildner sind und somit in der Lage, Biofilme zu produzieren, welche große Probleme in der Lebensmittelindustrie darstellen (z.B. Lactobacillus frigidus) effektiv bekämpft werden können. Außerdem wurden endosporenbildende Bakterien am Beispiel von Bacillus subtilis untersucht. Endosporen sind Überdauerungsformen von Bakterien (z. B. Bacillus, Clostridium), die im Vergleich zu vegetativen
- -In addition, it has been found that bacterial spores and bacteria that are slime producers and thus able to produce biofilms that pose major problems in the food industry (eg Lactobacillus frigidus) can be effectively controlled. In addition, endospore-forming bacteria were investigated using the example of Bacillus subtilis. Endospores are forms of persistence of bacteria (eg Bacillus, Clostridium), which are in comparison to vegetative ones - -
Bakterienzellen in der Regel 1000C mehrere Stunden überdauern können und erst nach einer mehrere Minuten langen Erhitzung auf 1200C sicher abgetötet werden. Auch gegen diese Mikroorganismen konnte das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erfolgreich eingesetzt werden.
Bacterial cells usually 100 0 C can last for several hours and be killed only after a several minutes long heating to 120 0 C safely. The method according to the invention could also be used successfully against these microorganisms.
- - - -
Beispiele: Examples:
In den folgenden Beispielen wurde für die PEF-Behandlung das Gerät Elcrack" des Deutschen Instituts für Lebensmitteltechnik e. V. eingesetzt. In the following examples, the apparatus Elcrack "of the German Institute of Food Technology eV was used for the PEF treatment.
Die Behandlungszelle des Gerätes hatte dabei einen Durchmesser von 5 mm und einen Elektrodenabstand von 7 mm. Die Behandlung erfolgte bei unterschiedlichen Feldstärken und Energiedichten, wobei die Pulsbreite 20 μs und die Pulsfrequenz 400 Hz betrugen. The treatment cell of the device had a diameter of 5 mm and an electrode distance of 7 mm. The treatment was carried out at different field strengths and energy densities, the pulse width being 20 μs and the pulse frequency 400 Hz.
In den nachfolgenden Beispielen wurde jeweils klarem Apfelsaft unter Rühren mittels eines Propellerrührers eine Keim- bzw. Sporensuspension, dann nach ca. 3 Minuten ggf. weitere antimikrobiell wirksamen Stoffe und danach nach ca. 2 Minuten DMDC. Die Keim- bzw. Sporensuspenison wurde so zugesetzt, dass sich im Apfelsaft eine bestimmte Menge an Zellen in der Regel 103 bis 105 KBE/ mL befanden. In the following examples, each clear apple juice with stirring by means of a propeller stirrer a germ or spore suspension, then after about 3 minutes, if necessary, further antimicrobial substances and then after about 2 minutes DMDC. The germ or spore suspension was added in such a way that in the apple juice a certain amount of cells was generally 10 3 to 10 5 CFU / ml.
Der Apfelsaft wurde danach PEF behandelt (mit dem oben beschriebenen Elcrack" Gerät). Als weitere mikrobiell wirksame Stoffe kamen Natriumbenzoat bzw. Kaliumsorbat zum Einsatz. The apple juice was then treated with PEF (with the Elcrack device described above), and other microbially active substances were sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate, respectively.
Bei unterschiedlichen Energiedichten und Feldstärken wurden die in der Tabelle angegebenen Temperaturen der endbehandelten Getränke festgestellt. At different energy densities and field strengths, the temperatures of the finished drinks indicated in the table were determined.
Als Maß für die Keimreduzierung wurde die mittlere logarithmische Keimreduzierung (MLK) bestimmt. Hierbei wird der Logarithmus der Überlebendkeimzahl vom Logarithmus der Anfangskeimzahl subtrahiert. Je höher der MLK- Wert, desto höher die Keimreduzierung und desto besser die Wirkung. V steht für Vergleichsbeispiel As a measure of the germ reduction, the mean logarithmic microbial reduction (MLK) was determined. Here, the logarithm of the surviving germ count is subtracted from the logarithm of the initial germ count. The higher the MLK value, the higher the germ reduction and the better the effect. V stands for comparative example
Die verwendeten Mikroorganismen waren die folgenden. The microorganisms used were the following.
A: Bacillilus subtilis DSM 347 (ATCC 6633) A: Bacillilus subtilis DSM 347 (ATCC 6633)
B: Penicillium roqueforti DSM 1079 (ATCC 34908) B: Penicillium roqueforti DSM 1079 (ATCC 34908)
C: Lactobacillus frigidus DSM 6235 D: Saccharomyces cervisiae DSM 70449 (ATCC 18824)
- -C: Lactobacillus frigidus DSM 6235 D: Saccharomyces cervisiae DSM 70449 (ATCC 18824) - -
Tabelle:Table:
- - - -
1) Menge Sorbat und Benzoat sind jeweils als freie Säure angegeben 1) Amount of sorbate and benzoate are each given as free acid
2) Für den Wert„mind. 7" gilt: Die Keimeinsaat bei den vegetativen Zellen betruglO5 KBE/ mL. Für die mikrobiologischen Untersuchungen wurden 100 mL der Probe membranfiltriert und analysiert, weshalb sich dann ein Wert von mind. 7 ergibt, da nichts gewachsen war.
2) For the value "min. 7 "applies: The Keimeinsaat in the vegetative cells betruglO 5 CFU / mL 100 mL of sample was filtered through a membrane and analyzed for microbiological testing, why then a value of at least 7 results because nothing had grown...
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von mikrobiell stabilisierten Lebensmitteln dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man ein Lebensmittel, enthaltend ein Dialkyldicarbonat mittels Elektroporation behandelt. 1. A process for the preparation of microbially stabilized foodstuffs, characterized in that a food containing a dialkyl dicarbonate is treated by electroporation.
2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Dialkyldicarbonat um eine Verbindung der Formel (I) handelt worin 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the dialkyl dicarbonate is a compound of formula (I) wherein
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes CpCg-Alkyl, R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched CpCg-alkyl,
Cycloalkyl, C2-Cg-Alkenyl, C2-Cg-Alkinyl oder Benzyl stehen, welches jeweils gegebenenfalls ein- bis mehrfach, gleich oder verschieden substituiert ist durch Halogen; Nitro; Cyano; Ci-Cβ-Alkoxy; Dialkylamino; oder für Phenyl stehen, welches gegebenenfalls ein bis mehrfach, gleich oder verschieden substituiert ist durch Halogen; Nitro; Cyano; Alkyl; Halogenalkyl; Alkoxy; Halogenalkoxy; Acyl; Acyloxy; Alkoxycarbonyl; Carboxyl, bevorzugt R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes CpCg-Alkyl, C2- Cg-Alkenyl oder Benzyl stehen, besonders bevorzugt Cycloalkyl, C 2 -Cg-alkenyl, C 2 -Cg-alkynyl or benzyl, each of which is optionally mono- to polysubstituted by identical or different substituents by halogen; nitro; cyano; Ci-Cβ-alkoxy; dialkylamino; or are phenyl which is optionally substituted one to more than once, identically or differently by halogen; nitro; cyano; alkyl; haloalkyl; alkoxy; haloalkoxy; acyl; acyloxy; alkoxycarbonyl; Carboxyl, preferably R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched CpCg-alkyl, C 2 -Cg-alkenyl or benzyl, are particularly preferred
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für geradkettiges oder verzweigtes Ci-C5-Alkyl, R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 5 -alkyl,
C3-Alkenyl oder Benzyl stehen, und ganz besonders bevorzugt - -C 3 alkenyl or benzyl, and most preferably - -
R1 und R2 unabhängig voneinander für Methyl, Ethyl, Isopropyl, tert.-Butyl, tert-R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, tert-butyl
Amyl, Allyl oder Benzyl stehen. Amyl, allyl or benzyl.
3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the
Dialkyldicarbonat um Dimethyldicarbonat handelt. Dialkyl dicarbonate is dimethyl dicarbonate.
4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Lebensmittel um ein Getränk handelt. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the food is a drink.
5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Lebensmittel um Tee-basierte Getränke, einschließlich grünem Tee, schwarzem Tee sowie anderen Tee- Sorten, sowie um sauer eingestellte Getränke mit einem pH < 4.2, karbonisierte und nicht- carbonisierte alkoholfreie Erfrischungsgetränke, Fruchtsäfte, Fruchtnektare, Fruchsaft- haltige Getränke, Fruchtzubereitungen, Weine, alkoholfreie Getränke, Ciders, Eistees, alkoholische Mischgetränke, aromatisierte Wässer, Sportgetränke oder isotonische Getränke handelt. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the food is tea-based beverages, including green tea, black tea and other tea varieties, as well as acidified beverages with a pH <4.2, carbonated and non-carbonated non-alcoholic soft drinks, fruit juices, fruit nectars, drinks containing fruit juices, fruit preparations, wines, soft drinks, ciders, iced teas, mixed alcoholic drinks, flavored waters, sports drinks or isotonic drinks.
6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem zu behandelnden Lebensmittel zusätzlich ein weiteres antimikrobiell wirkendes Konservierungsmittel zugegeben wird. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the food to be treated additionally a further antimicrobial preservative is added.
7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem zu behandelnden Lebensmittel zusätzlich wenigstens ein weiteres antimikrobiell wirkendes Konservierungsmittel aus der Gruppe Benzoesäure, Benzoate, Sorbinsäure, Sorbate, Propionsäure, Propionate, Nisin, Schwefeldioxid, EDTA und Lysozym zugegeben wird. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the food to be treated additionally at least one further antimicrobial preservative from the group benzoic acid, benzoates, sorbic acid, sorbates, propionic acid, propionates, nisin, sulfur dioxide, EDTA and lysozyme is added.
8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mittels Elektroporation ins Lebensmittel Getränk eingebrachte Energiedichte 1 bis 1000 J/ml beträgt. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the introduced by means of electroporation into the food beverage energy density is 1 to 1000 J / ml.
9. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Elektroporation das pulsed electric field- Verfahren eingesetzt wird. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as electroporation, the pulsed electric field method is used.
10. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dialkyldicarbonat in einer Menge von 10 bis 250 ppm, bezogen auf das Lebensmittel, insbesondere Getränk zugesetzt wird. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dialkyl dicarbonate is added in an amount of 10 to 250 ppm, based on the food, in particular drink.
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DE102015104671B4 (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-10-05 | Weingärtner Cleebronn-Güglingen eG | Non-alcoholic soft drink |
DE102017210328A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | Elea Vertriebs- Und Vermarktungsgesellschaft Mbh | Process for the preparation of a food, in particular a snack product, with improved introduction of an additive by application of an electric field |
CN113115893B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-05-24 | 湖南湘源美东医药科技有限公司 | Food antibacterial additive and application thereof |
CN115119919B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-15 | 中国农业大学 | Method for killing bacillus subtilis spores by combining ultrahigh pressure with dimethyl dicarbonate |
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DE2910328C2 (en) | 1979-03-16 | 1983-03-03 | BURDOSA Ing. Herwig Burgert, 6305 Buseck | Diaphragm or bellows pump |
DE2930765C2 (en) | 1979-07-28 | 1983-01-05 | BURDOSA Ing. Herwig Burgert, 6305 Buseck | Perforated support disc for the diaphragm of a hydraulically operated diaphragm pump |
DE3413583A1 (en) | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-20 | Heinz 4950 Minden Doevenspeck | ELECTRO-IMPULSE METHOD FOR TREATING SUBSTANCES AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
DE4434314A1 (en) | 1994-09-26 | 1996-03-28 | Bayer Ag | Combination of dimethyl dicarbonate / potassium sorbate / ascorbic acid for the disinfection of non-carbonated and carbonated beverages |
US6063428A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 2000-05-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Green tea extract subjected to cation exchange treatment and nanofiltration to improve clarity and color |
US5738888A (en) | 1996-06-20 | 1998-04-14 | Thomas J. Lipton Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Beverage preservation |
US6132787A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2000-10-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antimicrobial combinations of a sorbate preservative natamycin and a dialkyl dicarbonate useful in treating beverages and other food products and process of making |
GB0011674D0 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2000-07-05 | Unilever Plc | Ambient stable beverage |
US6803064B1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2004-10-12 | Pepsico, Inc. | Calcium fortified beverage compositions and process for preparing the same |
AR038600A1 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2005-01-19 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | PRESERVATION OF LIQUIDS |
US20080311259A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Singh Prem S | High pressure pasteurization of liquid food product |
EP2052743A1 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-29 | Carlsberg Breweries A/S | A beverage sterilisation device |
-
2009
- 2009-08-31 EP EP09169053A patent/EP2298088A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-08-26 US US13/391,826 patent/US20130129732A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-08-26 WO PCT/EP2010/062436 patent/WO2011023739A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-26 EP EP10747208A patent/EP2473067A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2011023739A1 * |
Also Published As
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US20130129732A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
EP2298088A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
WO2011023739A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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