EP2201550B1 - Method and device for controlling traffic flows having vehicles transporting hazardous goods, the vehicles moving through a security-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular through a road tunnel - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling traffic flows having vehicles transporting hazardous goods, the vehicles moving through a security-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular through a road tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- EP2201550B1 EP2201550B1 EP08803477A EP08803477A EP2201550B1 EP 2201550 B1 EP2201550 B1 EP 2201550B1 EP 08803477 A EP08803477 A EP 08803477A EP 08803477 A EP08803477 A EP 08803477A EP 2201550 B1 EP2201550 B1 EP 2201550B1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
- G08G1/0175—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
- G08G1/08—Controlling traffic signals according to detected number or speed of vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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- G08G1/015—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling itself by a safety-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular by a road tunnel, moving traffic streams with dangerous goods vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for controlling according to the preamble of claim 11.
- a system for managing dangerous goods transports is known, with mobile on-board transceiver devices, with a number of roadside transceiver stations and with a data network for bidirectional communication with the vehicular devices via the roadside stations.
- the vehicle device can be arranged on the dashboard, attached to the vehicle or directly to the dangerous goods container and contains information about the transported dangerous goods.
- Charge monitoring sensors measure the state of the dangerous goods during transport and trigger an alarm if there is a risk - for example due to excessive pressure or temperature values - threatens. The alarm is reported to the driver and the communication network to the carrier.
- JP 2003323689 A From the JP 2003323689 A it is known to arrange directly before and after a tunnel and at a certain distance in front of the tunnel video cameras that record video images of passing vehicles. By means of an image processing unit it is determined whether the recorded vehicle is a special vehicle with dangerous goods label. Based on an information panel, which is located at a certain distance in front of the tunnel, an access ban can be displayed. It is also easy to determine how many special vehicles are currently in the tunnel.
- JP 2003242595 A It is also known to read from images of vehicles whose license plate and to determine the speed of the change in the time of the vehicle on a video sequence.
- the known methods and devices for controlling traffic flows with dangerous goods vehicles suffer from the disadvantage that the dangerous goods transporting vehicles with complex facilities, such as transmitter / receiver devices, charge monitoring sensors, positioning systems, transponders or the like, must be equipped.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and an apparatus of the aforementioned types, with the aid of a detection and control of dangerous goods vehicles is easy, safe and largely independent of the vehicle-mounted equipment is possible.
- the procedural part of the object is achieved by a generic method with the characterizing features of claim 1.
- a generic method By taking a digital image of a vehicle approaching the traffic area and digitally evaluating the recorded image for recognition of a feature which characterizes a dangerous goods transport vehicle, it can be determined without special vehicle devices whether the approaching vehicle is a dangerous goods transport vehicle. Vehicle acts.
- a feature and a speed and a time of a dangerous goods transport vehicle when entering and leaving the safety-critical traffic area transmitted to a control center and the traffic signals to avoid dangerous passage of hazardous goods vehicles within the safety-critical traffic area are issued centrally triggered the possibly required control interventions, that is to say the delivery of a traffic signal, are determined and triggered.
- a time series of digital images is recorded by a vehicle approaching the traffic area.
- the detection reliability can be increased.
- temporally variable phenomena such as a change in size of the characterizing feature, can be observed on the image series.
- a detail of a recorded image containing the feature is determined.
- the digital evaluation of only one image feature having the feature of interest accelerates the evaluation process, since the recognition software has to process a smaller amount of image data.
- the feature is formed by a display area for characters and / or images arranged on the dangerous goods transport vehicle.
- a display surface mounted on a vehicle can be determined by its border or by its arrangement position on the vehicle as the image section of interest, which is then evaluated in a further step on detection of a dangerous goods transport vehicle.
- the feature is preferably determined by the shape and / or size and / or arrangement position and / or coloring and / or character content and / or image content of the display area. Recognition algorithms known per se recognize, on the basis of one or more of these properties, the feature which characterizes a vehicle as a dangerous goods transporter.
- the display surface is designed as a sign and / or orange marking and / or marking for substances which are conveyed in a heated state. These characteristics are defined in the "Annex to the Recast Annexes A and B of the European Convention on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road,” or ADR, and are mandatory for vehicle registration.
- the display surface is designed as an official motor vehicle license plate.
- Recognition of the official registration number is an additional identification feature represents, by means of which a vehicle can be recognized or recognized as dangerous goods transport vehicle.
- the license plates of the fleet vehicles of dangerous goods transport companies could be centrally managed electronically and linked to the information on each transported dangerous goods.
- the traffic signal indicates a blocking or release for an entrance to the traffic area and / or a speed limit and / or a direction for a lane change.
- These signals preferably relate only to drivers of dangerous goods vehicles, so that the rest of the traffic flow is not hindered.
- a blocking signal can be given to an approaching vehicle, which prevents a driver of this dangerous goods vehicle from entering the traffic area until this - after leaving another, already in the traffic area Getting Dangerous Goods Transport Vehicle Moving A Release Signal.
- FIG. 1 leads a road with a lane S and an oncoming lane S 'through a tunnel T, which represents a safety-critical traffic area due to its rigid lane boundaries, the prevailing limited visibility and ventilation conditions as well as the limited holding and escape possibilities.
- a tunnel T which represents a safety-critical traffic area due to its rigid lane boundaries, the prevailing limited visibility and ventilation conditions as well as the limited holding and escape possibilities.
- E and E' signal generator 30 is arranged, by means of which to drivers on their own approaching dangerous goods transport vehicles G and G 'traffic signals can be issued.
- the signalers 30 issue blocking or release signals in order to block or release the entrance into the tunnel T for a dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G '.
- the signalers 30 issue blocking or release signals in order to block or release the entrance into the tunnel T for a dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G '.
- traffic signals for speed limitation or lane change.
- a video camera 10 is arranged on the road side at a sufficiently great distance upstream of the signal generator 30.
- the video cameras take digital pictures of vehicles approaching the tunnel T, which are digitally evaluated by a device 11 for recognition of a feature which identifies a dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G '.
- a device 11 for recognition of a feature which identifies a dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G '.
- the internationally prescribed vehicle registration marks Z according to ADR for the transport of dangerous goods on the road which are shown on display surfaces and in the FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 are shown.
- the official motor vehicle license plate K which is likewise shown on display surfaces, can also be used to detect or recognize a dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G '.
- optical pattern recognition methods are used on the basis of which, on the basis of shape, size, arrangement position and coloration, the character content and optionally the image content of the display area and therefrom the feature which characterizes the transported dangerous goods can be determined.
- the video cameras are arranged in number and alignment of their optical axis such that all features Z or K of an approaching vehicle G is detected and from the time change of the size of a feature whose speed v is determined.
- the evaluation device 11 sends a dangerous goods transport message m, which has data on the characteristic z or k, the speed v and the measuring time t, to a control center 20 of the tunnel T.
- Such messages m receives the control center 20 also of video cameras 10 and evaluation devices 11, which are arranged at the exits A and A 'of the tunnel T, there to determine whether a detected dangerous goods transport vehicle G or G' has left the tunnel T again.
- the control center 20 Based on the received messages m is the control center 20 by means of data processing means, not shown in a position to decide whether a risky vehicle passage threatens, and to send corresponding switching commands to the signal generator 30.
- the evaluation devices 11 are connected, for example via a wireless communication link and the signal generator 30, for example via a data line to the control center 20.
- the approaching of a vehicle F, which does not have a dangerous goods transport vehicle characterizing feature is recognized by the evaluation device 11 as such; a dangerous goods transport message m to the control center 20 is omitted.
- the control center 20 the entrance of a dangerous goods transport vehicle G 'has been reported on the opposite lane S', but not yet its exit.
- the control center 20 thus has the information that in the tunnel T on the opposite lane S 'a dangerous goods transport vehicle G' moves, which conveys a Z 'corresponding dangerous goods and possibly the official motor vehicle license plate K' has.
- the dangerous goods corresponding to the identifiers K and K 'become adjusted to their risk potential in a collision.
- a switching command for a blocking signal is triggered in the control center 20, which is output via the signal generator 30 to the driver of the dangerous goods transport vehicle G.
- the dangerous goods transport vehicle G can then be stopped on a waiting lane in front of the entrance E into the tunnel until the signal generator 30 issues an enable signal after the oncoming dangerous goods transport vehicle G 'has left the tunnel T through the exit A'.
- a billboard Z1 As an example for arranged on dangerous goods transport vehicles display areas with dangerous goods indicator Z is in FIG. 2 a billboard Z1, a so-called Placard, shown for flammable gases.
- This billboard Z1 is formed by a square (rhombus) on a corner with at least 250 mm side length, which is provided with a black border and has a black flame symbol on a red background and the number "2" in the lower corner.
- An orange marking Z2 according to FIG. 3 has two rectangular, retroreflective, vertically mounted orange panels with side lengths of 400 mm by 300 mm and a 15 mm wide edge.
- a number to indicate the danger for example "33” for a highly flammable liquid substance (flashpoint below 23 ° C).
- a four-digit UN number for example "1088", for the labeling of substances or articles in accordance with UN model regulations.
- a marking Z3 for substances which are transported in a heated state has the shape of a triangle with a side of at least 250 mm in the hatched area FIG. 4 must be displayed in red. It has to be affixed to both sides of the vehicle and behind, for example, for tank vehicles, according to a special provision.
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Description
Der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung von sich durch einen sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereich eines Straßennetzes, insbesondere durch einen Straßentunnel, bewegenden Verkehrsströmen mit Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 11.The invention relates to a method for controlling itself by a safety-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular by a road tunnel, moving traffic streams with dangerous goods vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for controlling according to the preamble of
Die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter auf der Straße birgt vor allem in sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereichen, wie zum Beispiel in Tunneln, auf Brücken, in Wasserschutz- oder in Wohngebieten, ein besonderes Risiko in sich. Unfälle, bei welchen ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug beteiligt ist, können je nach Art des Gefahrengutes verheerende Folgen - etwa Feuer, Explosion, Entwicklung oder Freisetzung giftiger Stoffe - haben. Eine besondere Gefahr entsteht jedoch bei einer Passage von Fahrzeugen in sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereichen, wenn eine Wechselwirkung der transportierten Gefahrengüter zu unerwünschten Reaktionen führen würde, wie beispielsweise die Explosionsreaktion von Sauerstoffgas mit Wasserstoffgas.The transport of dangerous goods by road involves a particular risk, especially in safety-critical traffic areas, such as tunnels, bridges, water protection or residential areas. Accidents involving a dangerous goods transport vehicle can have devastating consequences, such as fire, explosion, development or release of toxic substances, depending on the nature of the hazard. However, a particular danger arises in the passage of vehicles in safety-critical traffic areas, if an interaction of the transported dangerous goods would lead to undesirable reactions, such as the explosion reaction of oxygen gas with hydrogen gas.
Aus der Patentschrift
Die Patentschrift
Aus der Patentschrift
Aus der
Aus der
Die bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Steuerung von Verkehrsströmen mit Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen leiden unter dem Nachteil, dass die Gefahrgut transportierenden Fahrzeuge mit aufwendigen Einrichtungen, wie Sender-/Empfängergeräte, Ladungsüberwachungssensoren, Positionsbestimmungssystemen, Transpondern oder dergleichen, ausgerüstet werden müssen.The known methods and devices for controlling traffic flows with dangerous goods vehicles suffer from the disadvantage that the dangerous goods transporting vehicles with complex facilities, such as transmitter / receiver devices, charge monitoring sensors, positioning systems, transponders or the like, must be equipped.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Arten bereitzustellen, mit dessen Hilfe eine Erkennung und Steuerung von Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen einfach, sicher und weitgehend unabhängig von der fahrzeugseitigen Ausrüstung möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and an apparatus of the aforementioned types, with the aid of a detection and control of dangerous goods vehicles is easy, safe and largely independent of the vehicle-mounted equipment is possible.
Der verfahrensartige Teil der Aufgabe wird durch ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Indem von einem sich dem Verkehrsbereich nähernden Fahrzeug ein digitales Bild aufgenommen und das aufgenommene Bild auf Erkennung eines Merkmals, welches ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug kennzeichnet, digital ausgewertet wird, kann ohne besondere Fahrzeuggeräte festgestellt werden, ob es sich bei dem herannahenden Fahrzeug um ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug handelt. Indem ein Merkmal und eine Geschwindigkeit und ein Zeitpunkt eines Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugs bei Einfahrt in den und bei Ausfahrt aus dem sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereich an eine Steuerungszentrale übermittelt und die Verkehrssignale zur Vermeidung von sicherheitsgefährdenden Passagen von Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen innerhalb des sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereiches zentral ausgelöst abgegeben werden, können die gegebenenfalls erforderlichen Steuereingriffe, das heißt die Abgabe eines Verkehrssignals, ermittelt und ausgelöst werden.The procedural part of the object is achieved by a generic method with the characterizing features of claim 1. By taking a digital image of a vehicle approaching the traffic area and digitally evaluating the recorded image for recognition of a feature which characterizes a dangerous goods transport vehicle, it can be determined without special vehicle devices whether the approaching vehicle is a dangerous goods transport vehicle. Vehicle acts. By a feature and a speed and a time of a dangerous goods transport vehicle when entering and leaving the safety-critical traffic area transmitted to a control center and the traffic signals to avoid dangerous passage of hazardous goods vehicles within the safety-critical traffic area are issued centrally triggered the possibly required control interventions, that is to say the delivery of a traffic signal, are determined and triggered.
Durch Abgabe eines zentral ausgelösten Verkehrssignals an ein sich dem Verkehrsbereich näherndes Fahrzeug kann dieses durch einen Steuereingriff beeinflusst werden, um das Auftreten kritischer Verkehrssituationen zu vermeiden, ohne dass besondere - über das Vorhandensein eines kennzeichnenden Merkmals hinausgehende - fahrzeugseitige Vorkehrungen zu treffen sind.By delivering a centrally triggered traffic signal to a vehicle approaching the traffic area, it can be influenced by a control intervention in order to avoid the occurrence of critical traffic situations without any special - on the vehicle beyond the presence of a characteristic feature - on-board arrangements are to be made.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird von einem sich dem Verkehrsbereich nähernden Fahrzeug eine zeitliche Serie digitaler Bilder aufgenommen. Durch Auswertung einer Bilderserie kann die Erkennungssicherheit erhöht werden. Außerdem können auf der Bilderserie zeitlich veränderliche Phänomene, etwa eine Größenänderung des kennzeichnenden Merkmals, beobachtet werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a time series of digital images is recorded by a vehicle approaching the traffic area. By evaluating a series of images, the detection reliability can be increased. In addition, temporally variable phenomena, such as a change in size of the characterizing feature, can be observed on the image series.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ein das Merkmal enthaltender Ausschnitt eines aufgenommenen Bildes ermittelt. Die digitale Auswertung lediglich eines das interessierende Merkmal aufweisenden Bildausschnittes beschleunigt das Auswertungsverfahren, da die Erkennungssoftware eine kleinere Bilddatenmenge zu verarbeiten hat.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a detail of a recorded image containing the feature is determined. The digital evaluation of only one image feature having the feature of interest accelerates the evaluation process, since the recognition software has to process a smaller amount of image data.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Merkmal durch eine am Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug angeordnete Anzeigefläche für Zeichen und/oder Bilder gebildet. Eine an einem Fahrzeug angebrachte Anzeigefläche kann durch ihre Umrandung oder durch ihre Anordnungsposition am Fahrzeug als interessierender Bildausschnitt ermittelt werden, der dann in einem weiteren Schritt auf Erkennung eines Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeuges ausgewertet wird.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the feature is formed by a display area for characters and / or images arranged on the dangerous goods transport vehicle. A display surface mounted on a vehicle can be determined by its border or by its arrangement position on the vehicle as the image section of interest, which is then evaluated in a further step on detection of a dangerous goods transport vehicle.
Vorzugsweise wird das Merkmal durch Form und/oder Größe und/oder Anordnungsposition und/oder Farbgebung und/oder Zeicheninhalt und/oder Bildinhalt der Anzeigefläche bestimmt. An sich bekannte Auswertungsalgorithmen erkennen aufgrund eines oder mehrerer dieser Eigenschaften das Merkmal, welches ein Fahrzeug als Gefahrguttransporter kennzeichnet.The feature is preferably determined by the shape and / or size and / or arrangement position and / or coloring and / or character content and / or image content of the display area. Recognition algorithms known per se recognize, on the basis of one or more of these properties, the feature which characterizes a vehicle as a dangerous goods transporter.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungegemäßen Verfahrens ist die Anzeigefläche als Großzettel und/oder orangefarbene Kennzeichnung und/oder Kennzeichen für Stoffe, die in erwärmtem Zustand befördert werden, ausgebildet. Diese Kennzeichenmerkmale sind in der "Anlage zur Bekanntmachung der Neufassung der Anlagen A und B des Europäischen Übereinkommens vom 30. September 1957 über die internationale Beförderung gefährlicher Güter auf der Straße", kurz ADR, definiert und verbindlich zur Fahrzeugkennzeichnung vorgeschrieben.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the display surface is designed as a sign and / or orange marking and / or marking for substances which are conveyed in a heated state. These characteristics are defined in the "Annex to the Recast Annexes A and B of the European Convention on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road," or ADR, and are mandatory for vehicle registration.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Anzeigefläche als amtliches Kraftfahrzeug-Kennzeichen ausgebildet. Die Erkennung des amtlichen Zulassungskennzeichens stellt ein zusätzliches Identifizierungsmerkmal dar, anhand dessen ein Fahrzeug als Gefahrgut-transport-Fahrzeug erkannt oder wiedererkannt werden kann. Beispielsweise könnten die Kfz-Kennzeichen der Flottenfahrzeuge von Gefahrguttransport-Unternehmen elektronisch zentral verwaltet und mit den Informationen zum jeweils transportierten Gefahrgut verknüpft sein.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the display surface is designed as an official motor vehicle license plate. Recognition of the official registration number is an additional identification feature represents, by means of which a vehicle can be recognized or recognized as dangerous goods transport vehicle. For example, the license plates of the fleet vehicles of dangerous goods transport companies could be centrally managed electronically and linked to the information on each transported dangerous goods.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird aus einer Lage einer optischen Achse einer die digitalen Bilder aufnehmenden Videokamera und aus der zeitlichen Veränderung der Größe des Merkmals eine Geschwindigkeit eines herannahenden Fahrzeugs ermittelt. Aus der ermittelten Geschwindigkeit und dem Ort der Videodetektion kann die Zeitdauer ermittelt werden, bis das Gefahrgut-transport-Fahrzeug die Einfahrt in den sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereich erreichen wird. Daraus läset sich errechnen, ob es zu einer gefährlichen Fahrzeugpassage innerhalb des Verkehrsbereiches kommen könnte, und gegebenenfalls ein Steuereingriff zur Beeinflussung des herannahenden Fahrzeugs vornehmen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a speed of an approaching vehicle is determined from a position of an optical axis of a video camera receiving the digital images and from the time change of the size of the feature. From the determined speed and the location of the video detection, the time period can be determined until the dangerous goods transport vehicle will reach the entrance to the safety-critical traffic area. From this, it is possible to calculate whether dangerous vehicle passage within the traffic area could occur and, if necessary, carry out a control intervention for influencing the approaching vehicle.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird von einem sich dem Verkehrsbereich entfernenden Fahrzeug ein digitales Bild aufgenommen und das aufgenommene Bild auf Erkennung eines Merkmals, welches ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug kennzeichnet, digital ausgewertet. Damit kann bestimmt werden, ob ein an einer Einfahrt in den sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereich erkanntes Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug sicher wieder aus dem Verkehrsbereich herausgefahren ist oder ob es sich noch darin aufhält.In a further preferred refinement of the method according to the invention, a digital image is taken of a vehicle removing from the traffic area and the recorded image is digitally evaluated for recognition of a feature which identifies a dangerous goods transport vehicle. It can thus be determined whether a dangerous goods transport vehicle recognized at an entrance into the safety-critical traffic area has safely left the traffic area or is still in it.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zeigt das Verkehrssignal eine Sperrung oder eine Freigabe für eine Einfahrt in den Verkehrsbereich und/oder eine Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung und/oder eine Richtung für einen Fahrspurwechsel an. Diese Signale betreffen vorzugsweise nur Fahrer von Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen, damit der übrige Verkehrsfluss nicht behindert wird. Zur Vermeidung einer sicherheitskritischen Passage zweier oder mehrerer Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeuge innerhalb des Verkehrsbereichs kann an ein sich näherndes Fahrzeug ein Sperrsignal gegeben werden, welches einem Fahrer dieses Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugs die Einfahrt in den Verkehrsbereich verwehrt, bis dieser - nach Verlassen eines anderen, bereits im Verkehrsbereich sich bewegenden Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugs-ein Freigabesignal erhält. Bei weniger kritischen Gefahrgütern mag es genügen, die maximal zugelassene Geschwindigkeit im Verkehrsbereich durch ein entsprechendes Signal zu verringern, oder aber - beispielsweise bei mehreren Fahrspuren je Fahrtrichtung - den Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen durch ein Richtungssignal die Benutzung nur der jeweils rechten Fahrspur zu gestatten.In another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the traffic signal indicates a blocking or release for an entrance to the traffic area and / or a speed limit and / or a direction for a lane change. These signals preferably relate only to drivers of dangerous goods vehicles, so that the rest of the traffic flow is not hindered. In order to avoid a safety-critical passage of two or more dangerous goods vehicles within the traffic area, a blocking signal can be given to an approaching vehicle, which prevents a driver of this dangerous goods vehicle from entering the traffic area until this - after leaving another, already in the traffic area Getting Dangerous Goods Transport Vehicle Moving A Release Signal. For less critical dangerous goods, it may be sufficient to reduce the maximum permitted speed in the traffic area by an appropriate signal, or - for example, with multiple lanes for each direction - the dangerous goods transport vehicles by a direction signal to allow the use of only the right lane.
Der vorrichtungsartige Teil der Aufgabe wird durch eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 11 gelöst. Eine Einrichtung zur Feststellung, ob ein sich dem Verkehrsbereich näherndes Fahrzeug ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug ist, ist als Videokamera zur Aufnahme eines digitalen Bildes ausgebildet. Mit der Videokamera und einer Steuerungszentrale ist eine Einrichtung zur digitalen Auswertung der aufgenommenen Bilder verbunden, die derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein auf einem aufgenommen Bild abgebildetes, ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug bestimmendes Merkmal erkennbar ist. Die Steuerungszentrale ist zum Empfangen einer Gefahrguttransport-Meldung der Feststellungseinrichtung sowie zum Auslösen von Schaltbefehlen an den Signalgeber zur Abgabe eines Verkehrssignals an ein sich dem Verkehrsbereich näherdes Fahrzeug ausgebildet. Feststellungseinrichtungen sind aneiner Einfahrt und an einer Ausfahrt des sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereichs angeordnet. Die Gefahrguttransport-Meldungen umfassen ein Merkmal und die Geschwindigkeit und einen Zeitpunkt eines Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeuges. Die Steuerungszentrale ist dazu ausgebildet, Verkehrssignale zur Vermeidung von sicherheitskritischen Passagen von Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen innerhalb des sicherheitskritischen Verkehrsbereichs auszulösen.The device-like part of the object is achieved by a generic device with the characterizing features of
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus einem Ausführungsbeispiel, welches nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert wird, in deren
- FIG 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Steuervorrichtung,
- FIG 2
- eine als Großzettel ausgebildete Anzeigefläche,
- FIG 3
- eine als orangefarbene Kennzeichnung ausgebildete Anzeigefläche,
- FIG 4
- eine als Kennzeichen für Stoffe, die in erwärmtem Zustand befördert werden, ausgebildete Anzeigefläche,
- FIG. 1
- a control device according to the invention,
- FIG. 2
- a display area designed as a leaflet,
- FIG. 3
- a display area designed as an orange marking,
- FIG. 4
- a display surface formed as a mark for fabrics being conveyed in a heated state,
Gemäß
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel werden von den Signalgebern 30 Sperr- oder Freigabesignale abgegeben, um die Einfahrt in den Tunnel T für ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G bzw. G' zu sperren oder freizugeben. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch Verkehrssignale zur Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung oder zum Fahrspurwechsel vorgesehen werden.In the illustrated embodiment, the
Erfindungsgemäß ist in hinreichend großem Abstand stromauf der Signalgeber 30 jeweils eine Videokamera 10 straßenseitig angeordnet. Die Videokameras nehmen digitale Bilder von sich dem Tunnel T nähernden Fahrzeugen auf, die mittels einer Einrichtung 11 auf Erkennung eines Merkmals, welches ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G bzw. G' kennzeichnet, digital ausgewertet werden. Als Merkmal dienen hier vor allem die nach ADR international vorgeschriebenen Fahrzeugkennzeichnungen Z für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter auf der Straße, die auf Anzeigeflächen abgebildet und in den
Hierbei bedient man sich optischer Mustererkennungsverfahren, anhand derer aufgrund von Form, Größe, Anordnungsposition und Farbgebung der Zeicheninhalt und gegebenenfalls der Bildinhalt der Anzeigefläche und daraus das Merkmal, welches das transportierte Gefahrgut kennzeichnet, bestimmt werden kann. Die Videokameras sind in Anzahl und Ausrichtung ihrer optischen Achse derart angeordnet, dass sämtliche Merkmale Z bzw. K eines herannahenden Fahrzeugs G erkannt sowie aus der zeitlichen Veränderung der Größe eines Merkmals dessen Geschwindigkeit v ermittelt wird. Wird ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G als solches erkannt, sendet die Auswertungseinrichtung 11 eine Gefahrguttransport-Meldung m, die Daten zum Merkmal z bzw. k, zur Geschwindigkeit v und zum Messzeitpunkt t aufweist, an eine Steuerungszentrale 20 des Tunnels T. Derartige Meldungen m empfängt die Steuerungszentrale 20 auch von Videokameras 10 bzw. Auswertungseinrichtungen 11, welche an den Ausfahrten A bzw. A' des Tunnels T angeordnet sind, um dort festzustellen, ob ein erkanntes Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G bzw. G' den Tunnel T wieder verlassen hat.In this case, optical pattern recognition methods are used on the basis of which, on the basis of shape, size, arrangement position and coloration, the character content and optionally the image content of the display area and therefrom the feature which characterizes the transported dangerous goods can be determined. The video cameras are arranged in number and alignment of their optical axis such that all features Z or K of an approaching vehicle G is detected and from the time change of the size of a feature whose speed v is determined. If a dangerous goods transport vehicle G is recognized as such, the
Anhand der empfangenen Meldungen m ist die Steuerungszentrale 20 mit Hilfe von nicht dargestellten Datenverarbeitungsmitteln in der Lage zu entscheiden, ob eine riskante Fahrzeugpassage droht, und entsprechende Schaltbefehle an die Signalgeber 30 zu senden. Hierzu sind die Auswertungseinrichtungen 11 zum Beispiel über eine drahtlose Kommunikationsverbindung und die Signalgeber 30 beispielsweise über eine Datenleitung mit der Steuerungszentrale 20 verbunden.Based on the received messages m is the
Das Annähern eines Fahrzeuges F, welches kein ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug kennzeichnendes Merkmal aufweist, wird von der Auswertungseinrichtung 11 als solches erkannt; eine Gefahrguttransport-Meldung m an die Steuerungszentrale 20 unterbleibt. Allerdings ist der Steuerungszentrale 20 die Einfahrt eines Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeuges G' auf der Gegenfahrbahn S' gemeldet worden, jedoch noch nicht dessen Ausfahrt. Die Steuerungszentrale 20 verfügt also über die Information, dass sich im Tunnel T auf der Gegenfahrbahn S' ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G' bewegt, welches ein dem Kennzeichen Z' entsprechendes Gefahrgut befördert und ggf. das amtliche Kraftfahrzeug-Kennzeichen K' aufweist. Wird nun der Steuerungszentrale 20 zum Zeitpunkt t gemeldet, dass sich auf der Fahrbahn S ein Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G mit einem Gefahrgut-Kennzeichen Z und mit einer Geschwindigkeit v der Einfahrt E des Tunnels T nähert, werden die den Kennzeichen K und K' entsprechenden Gefahrgüter auf deren Risikopotential bei einer Kollision abgeglichen. Im Falle eines zu hohen Risikos wird in der Steuerungszentrale 20 ein Schaltbefehl für ein Sperrsignal ausgelöst, welches über den Signalgeber 30 an den Fahrer des Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeuges G abgegeben wird. Das Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G kann dann auf einer Wartespur vor der Einfahrt E in den Tunnel angehalten werden, bis der Signalgeber 30 ein Freigabesignal abgibt, nachdem das entgegen kommende Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeug G' den Tunnel T durch die Ausfahrt A' verlassen hat.The approaching of a vehicle F, which does not have a dangerous goods transport vehicle characterizing feature is recognized by the
In der Steuerungszentrale 20 ist eine Risiko-Abgleichliste von Gefahrgütern hinterlegt, die als Entscheidungsgrundlage für den Steuereingriff dient. Eine Klassifizierung von Stoffen einschließlich Lösungen und Gemischen gemäß ADR mit hohem Gefahrenpotential ist:
- 1. Explosive Stoffe und Gegenstände mit Explosivstoff
- 2. Gase
- 3. Entzündbare flüssige Stoffe
- 4.1 Entzündbare feste Stoffe, selbstzersetzliche Stoffe und desensibilisierte explosive Stoffe
- 4.2 Selbstentzündliche Stoffe
- 4.3 Stoffe, die in Berührung mit Wasser entzündbare Gase entwickeln
- 5.1 Entzündend (oxidierend) wirkende Stoffe
- 5.2 Organische Peroxide
- 6.1 Giftige Stoffe
- 6.2 Ansteckungsgefährliche Stoffe
- 7. Radioaktive Stoffe
- 8. Ätzende Stoffe
- 9. Verschiedene gefährliche Stoffe und Gegenstände
- 1. Explosive substances and explosive articles
- 2. Gases
- 3. Flammable liquids
- 4.1 Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and desensitised explosive substances
- 4.2 Self-igniting substances
- 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases
- 5.1 Inflammatory (oxidizing) substances
- 5.2 Organic peroxides
- 6.1 Toxic substances
- 6.2 Infectious substances
- 7. Radioactive substances
- 8. Corrosive substances
- 9. Various dangerous substances and objects
Als Beispiel für an Gefahrguttransport-Fahrzeugen angeordnete Anzeigeflächen mit Gefahrgut-Kennzeichen Z ist in
Eine orangefarbene Kennzeichnung Z2 gemäß
Ein Kennzeichen Z3 für Stoffe, die in erwärmtem Zustand befördert werden, hat die Form eines Dreiecks mit einer Seitenlänge von mindestens 250 mm, welches im schraffierten Bereich aus
Aufgrund der nach ADR definierten Ausgestaltung der Gefahrgut-Kennzeichen Z1 bis Z3 können diese durch einschlägige Erkennungsalgorithmen im Wege der Videodetektion sicher erkannt werden.Due to the ADR defined embodiment of the dangerous goods indicator Z1 to Z3 they can be reliably detected by relevant detection algorithms in the way of video detection.
Claims (11)
- Method for controlling traffic flows with hazardous-goods transport vehicles (G, G') moving through a safety-critical traffic area in a road network, in particular through a road tunnel (T), wherein a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area confirms whether it is a hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G), and wherein a traffic signal is emitted to a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area, wherein a digital image is recorded of a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area, and wherein the recorded image is digitally evaluated in order to identify a feature which characterizes a hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G),
characterized in that a feature (k, z) and a speed (v) and a time (t) of a hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G) on entry (E, E') into and on exiting (A, A') from the safety-critical traffic area are transmitted to a control center (20), and wherein the traffic signals are emitted, triggered centrally, in order to prevent hazardous-goods transport vehicles (G, G') from passing within the safety-critical traffic area in a manner which endangers safety. - Method according to Claim 1,
wherein a time series of digital images is recorded of a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area. - Method according to Claim 1 or 2,
wherein a detail of a recorded image which contains the feature is determined. - Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
wherein the feature is formed by a display area, which is arranged on the hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G), for characters and/or images. - Method according to Claim 4,
wherein the feature is defined by shape and/or size and/or arrangement position, and/or coloring and/or character content and/or image content of the display area. - Method according to Claim 4 or 5,
wherein the display area is in the form of a large label (Z1) and/or orange-colored identification (K2) and/or identification (Z3) for substances which are conveyed in the heated state. - Method according to one of Claims 4 to 6,
wherein the display area is in the form of an official motor-vehicle registration (K). - Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
wherein a speed (v) of an approaching vehicle (G) is determined from a position of an optical axis of a video camera (10), which is recording the digital images, and from the rate of change of the size of the feature. - Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
wherein a digital image is recorded of a vehicle which is moving away from the traffic area, and wherein the recorded image is digitally evaluated in order to identify a feature which characterizes a hazardous-goods transport vehicle. - Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
wherein the traffic signal indicates a refusal or a clearance for entry into the traffic area and/or a speed limit and/or a direction for a lane change. - Apparatus for controlling traffic flows with hazardous-goods transport vehicles (G, G') moving through a safety-critical traffic area in a road network, in particular through a road tunnel (T), which has a device for confirming whether a vehicle which is approaching the traffic area is a hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G), has a signal transmitter (30) for emitting a traffic signal to a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area, and has a control center (20) for receiving a hazardous-goods transport message (m) from a confirmation device and for triggering switching commands to the signal transmitter (30), wherein the confirmation device is in the form of a video camera (10) for recording a digital image of a vehicle (G) which is approaching the traffic area, and wherein a device (11) which is connected to the video camera (10) and to the control center (20) is designed for digital evaluation of the recorded images, such that it is possible to identify a feature which defines a hazardous-goods transport vehicle and is imaged on a recorded image,
characterized in that the confirmation devices are arranged at an entrance (E, E') to and at an exit (A, A') from the safety-critical traffic area, in that the hazardous-goods transport signals (m) comprise a feature (k, z) and the speed (v) and a time (t) of a hazardous-goods transport vehicle (G), and in that the control center (20) is designed to trigger traffic signals in order to avoid safety-critical passages of hazardous-goods transport vehicles (G, G') within the safety-critical traffic area.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL08803477T PL2201550T3 (en) | 2007-09-24 | 2008-09-01 | Method and device for controlling traffic flows having vehicles transporting hazardous goods, the vehicles moving through a security-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular through a road tunnel |
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DE102007045461 | 2007-09-24 | ||
PCT/EP2008/061496 WO2009040217A1 (en) | 2007-09-24 | 2008-09-01 | Method and device for controlling traffic flows having vehicles transporting hazardous goods, the vehicles moving through a security-critical traffic area of a road network, in particular through a road tunnel |
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WO2011096840A1 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-11 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Cиctemы Передовых Технологий" | Method and device for determining the speed of travel and coordinates of vehicles and subsequently identifying same and automatically recording road traffic offences |
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