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EP2261430A2 - Constructing an overhang - Google Patents

Constructing an overhang Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2261430A2
EP2261430A2 EP20100165500 EP10165500A EP2261430A2 EP 2261430 A2 EP2261430 A2 EP 2261430A2 EP 20100165500 EP20100165500 EP 20100165500 EP 10165500 A EP10165500 A EP 10165500A EP 2261430 A2 EP2261430 A2 EP 2261430A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slab
beams
concrete
set forth
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20100165500
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2261430B1 (en
EP2261430A3 (en
Inventor
Martti Karimies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LO RAKENNE OY
Original Assignee
Hameen Terasrakenne Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hameen Terasrakenne Oy filed Critical Hameen Terasrakenne Oy
Publication of EP2261430A2 publication Critical patent/EP2261430A2/en
Publication of EP2261430A3 publication Critical patent/EP2261430A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2261430B1 publication Critical patent/EP2261430B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres

Definitions

  • the invention deals with construction engineering and relates to constructing an overhang on the wall of a building.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the construction of balconies.
  • Concrete slab overhangs have been constructed earlier in such a way that to the wall are attached protruding I-beams, around the beams is fabricated a casting mold, followed by pouring concrete therein for producing a slab. After the slab has dried, the mold is removed and handrail posts and other accessories are secured to the slab.
  • a commonly applied technique of renovating such balconies is to chisel away the old slab while leaving the beams in place, followed by casting a new slab on site. Even the beams are sometimes cut off, followed by constructing columns upon which is mounted an entirely new balcony.
  • Publication JP 10-331250 A discloses a method for the construction of a balcony, said method comprising laying concrete boards to rest on top of wall cantilever I-beams.
  • the boards have threaded holes in a bottom surface and the beams are provided with holes in the top flange in alignment therewith.
  • the board is attached to the beams by screwing bolts through the holes into the holes of the board.
  • a completed concrete slab having its bottom surface provided with an enclosure in alignment with each beam for accommodating the beam therein.
  • the slab is pushed to its position supported on the beams, such that the beams become pushed into the enclosures.
  • the slab is secured to the beams.
  • the method is particularly suitable for constructing balconies. The method does not require on-site assembling and dismantling a casting mold, which reduces labor and facilitates construction. From the standpoint of technology and economy, the concrete slab is most beneficially fabricated at a precast concrete plant.
  • the best way of securing the slab to the beams is by pouring concrete into the enclosures. At the same time, concrete works as a protection material against fire and corrosion.
  • the slab can be secured also in another way.
  • the slab is provided with a suitable fastening element for securing the slab to the beams, for example by welding.
  • the enclosure must be filled with a fire protection material. This is most preferably done beforehand during the slab fabrication process. Another option is to fill the enclosures after placing the slab in its position.
  • the slab has openings in line with the enclosure for bringing concrete or some other filler inside the enclosure.
  • the openings can also be filled with concrete or some other filler mass.
  • a rear end of the enclosure is sealed against the wall for a casting operation. If necessary, a separate sealing block can also be used.
  • the method is particularly beneficial in renovation.
  • the replaceable slab is just chiseled off, the beams are left in place, and a new slab is mounted thereupon.
  • the distance of a slab from each beam is preferably adjustable.
  • the slabs can be set precisely at a desired height, even if the top surfaces of the slabs had a slight mutual height discrepancy.
  • This also enables the use of a rougher dimensional tolerance in the installation process of slabs.
  • the slab may have openings in line with the beam, and those openings can be provided with a plate which is parallel to the slab plane and includes a threaded hole. Into the hole can be screwed a bolt for adjusting thereby the slab to an exactly flat position and correct height. Accordingly, prior to the setting of concrete, the slab can be carried by bolts responding to the top flange of a beam. This type of adjustment is easy and quick to perform in the installation process.
  • a bottom plate for providing an enclosed structure.
  • fig. 1 shows one slab of the invention placed to be supported by wall-mounted beams
  • fig. 2 shows a section of fig. 1 in enlargement
  • fig. 3 shows a partial enlargement.
  • the concrete slab 3 is preferably made of fiber-reinforced concrete. It can be for example about 50-100 mm in thickness and about 1200-2500 * 3000-5000 mm in external dimensions. In order to provide a drain slope, the top surface of a slab can be appropriately declining.
  • each opening In line with each beam 2, the slab 3 has two openings 4, one close to the rear edge and the other close to the front edge. In the cross-direction of a beam, each opening is wider than the beam's top flange. At the bottom surface of a slab, each opening is provided with a cross-beam extending steel flat bar 5 with a threaded hole 6 in the middle of it.
  • the steel flat bar has a width which is less than the opening's diameter lengthwise of the beam.
  • the holes have been made and the steel flat bars have been attached in conjunction with the casting operation. The holes are adapted to receive bolts by screwing for thereby setting the slab by means of the bolts to be supported by the beams in a precisely straight position.
  • a steel enclosure 7 Fixed to a bottom surface of the slab 3 in line with each beam 2 is a steel enclosure 7, within which the beam settles as the slab is pushed to its position to be supported by the beams.
  • a steel enclosure 7 Fixed to a bottom surface of the slab 3 in line with each beam 2 is a steel enclosure 7, within which the beam settles as the slab is pushed to its position to be supported by the beams.
  • side plates 8 Along lateral edges of the slab are mounted side plates 8 of steel and a front edge is provided with a front plate 9, whereby to both of these plates is fixed a bottom plate 10 of appropriate material.
  • the slab 3 is hoisted up and pushed to be supported on top of the beams 2 all the way to a panel or insulation present on a wall surface. If necessary, bolts are screwed into the holes 6 and the slab is adjusted to a flat position. Thereafter, the enclosures 7 are filled up with concrete by pouring it in through the openings 4. If necessary, the rear end of the enclosures can be closed by means of a separate plate for the duration of a casting operation.
  • the holes 4 can also be filled with concrete. However, these can also be filled with some other appropriate mass. If desirable, the mass can even be in a different color than the slab surface.
  • the side plates 8 and 9 can be fitted beforehand also with balcony handrails and other possible accessories, or these can be installed in a slab which has already been stabilized in its position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete overhang to be supported upon wall-mounted cantilevered beams (2) In the method, a concrete slab (3), whose bottom surface is provided with enclosures in alignment with the beams, is placed upon the beams for support and secured thereto, most preferably by pouring concrete into the enclosures.

Description

    Technical field
  • The invention deals with construction engineering and relates to constructing an overhang on the wall of a building. The invention is particularly applicable to the construction of balconies.
    • Technical background
  • Concrete slab overhangs have been constructed earlier in such a way that to the wall are attached protruding I-beams, around the beams is fabricated a casting mold, followed by pouring concrete therein for producing a slab. After the slab has dried, the mold is removed and handrail posts and other accessories are secured to the slab. Currently, a commonly applied technique of renovating such balconies is to chisel away the old slab while leaving the beams in place, followed by casting a new slab on site. Even the beams are sometimes cut off, followed by constructing columns upon which is mounted an entirely new balcony.
  • In use today are also various reinforcement mold structures or elements, which are provided with thermal breaks, whereby these are installed in place and cantilever slabs are stabilized and molded and cast to the attachment with the building as early as concurrently with frame casting.
  • Publication JP 10-331250 A discloses a method for the construction of a balcony, said method comprising laying concrete boards to rest on top of wall cantilever I-beams. The boards have threaded holes in a bottom surface and the beams are provided with holes in the top flange in alignment therewith. The board is attached to the beams by screwing bolts through the holes into the holes of the board.
    • General description of the invention
  • Now, according to the independent claims, what has been invented is a method for the construction of an overhang, and also invented is a concrete slab. The dependent claims present a few preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • According to the invention, upon wall cantilever beams is placed a completed concrete slab, having its bottom surface provided with an enclosure in alignment with each beam for accommodating the beam therein. Thus, the slab is pushed to its position supported on the beams, such that the beams become pushed into the enclosures. When successfully placed in its position, the slab is secured to the beams. The method is particularly suitable for constructing balconies. The method does not require on-site assembling and dismantling a casting mold, which reduces labor and facilitates construction. From the standpoint of technology and economy, the concrete slab is most beneficially fabricated at a precast concrete plant.
  • The best way of securing the slab to the beams is by pouring concrete into the enclosures. At the same time, concrete works as a protection material against fire and corrosion. Alternatively, however, the slab can be secured also in another way. In this case, the slab is provided with a suitable fastening element for securing the slab to the beams, for example by welding. Even in this case, in practice, the enclosure must be filled with a fire protection material. This is most preferably done beforehand during the slab fabrication process. Another option is to fill the enclosures after placing the slab in its position.
  • Most favorably, the slab has openings in line with the enclosure for bringing concrete or some other filler inside the enclosure. Finally, the openings can also be filled with concrete or some other filler mass.
  • A rear end of the enclosure is sealed against the wall for a casting operation. If necessary, a separate sealing block can also be used.
  • The method is particularly beneficial in renovation. In this case, the replaceable slab is just chiseled off, the beams are left in place, and a new slab is mounted thereupon.
  • The distance of a slab from each beam is preferably adjustable. Thereby, the slabs can be set precisely at a desired height, even if the top surfaces of the slabs had a slight mutual height discrepancy. This also enables the use of a rougher dimensional tolerance in the installation process of slabs. For adjustment, the slab may have openings in line with the beam, and those openings can be provided with a plate which is parallel to the slab plane and includes a threaded hole. Into the hole can be screwed a bolt for adjusting thereby the slab to an exactly flat position and correct height. Accordingly, prior to the setting of concrete, the slab can be carried by bolts responding to the top flange of a beam. This type of adjustment is easy and quick to perform in the installation process.
  • Alongside the slab can be provided downward extending plates. To these can be attached a bottom plate for providing an enclosed structure.
    • Drawings
  • The accompanying drawings constitute a part of the written specification of the invention and are relevant to the subsequently presented detailed description of a few embodiments of the invention. In the drawings, fig. 1 shows one slab of the invention placed to be supported by wall-mounted beams, fig. 2 shows a section of fig. 1 in enlargement, and fig. 3 shows a partial enlargement.
    • Detailed description of a few embodiments of the invention
  • In fig. 1, on a wall 1 have been mounted perpendicularly cantilevered I-beams 2. To rest upon these has been placed a concrete slab 3.
  • The concrete slab 3 is preferably made of fiber-reinforced concrete. It can be for example about 50-100 mm in thickness and about 1200-2500 * 3000-5000 mm in external dimensions. In order to provide a drain slope, the top surface of a slab can be appropriately declining.
  • In line with each beam 2, the slab 3 has two openings 4, one close to the rear edge and the other close to the front edge. In the cross-direction of a beam, each opening is wider than the beam's top flange. At the bottom surface of a slab, each opening is provided with a cross-beam extending steel flat bar 5 with a threaded hole 6 in the middle of it. The steel flat bar has a width which is less than the opening's diameter lengthwise of the beam. The holes have been made and the steel flat bars have been attached in conjunction with the casting operation. The holes are adapted to receive bolts by screwing for thereby setting the slab by means of the bolts to be supported by the beams in a precisely straight position.
  • Fixed to a bottom surface of the slab 3 in line with each beam 2 is a steel enclosure 7, within which the beam settles as the slab is pushed to its position to be supported by the beams. Along lateral edges of the slab are mounted side plates 8 of steel and a front edge is provided with a front plate 9, whereby to both of these plates is fixed a bottom plate 10 of appropriate material.
  • The slab 3 is hoisted up and pushed to be supported on top of the beams 2 all the way to a panel or insulation present on a wall surface. If necessary, bolts are screwed into the holes 6 and the slab is adjusted to a flat position. Thereafter, the enclosures 7 are filled up with concrete by pouring it in through the openings 4. If necessary, the rear end of the enclosures can be closed by means of a separate plate for the duration of a casting operation. The holes 4 can also be filled with concrete. However, these can also be filled with some other appropriate mass. If desirable, the mass can even be in a different color than the slab surface.
  • The side plates 8 and 9 can be fitted beforehand also with balcony handrails and other possible accessories, or these can be installed in a slab which has already been stabilized in its position.

Claims (9)

  1. A method for constructing a concrete overhang on the wall of a building, said method comprising arranging the overhang to be supported upon wall-mounted cantilever beams (2), characterized in that
    - a concrete slab (3) is cast and its bottom surface is formed with an enclosure (7), which is in line with each beam (2) and within which the beam settles as the slab is placed to be supported upon the beams,
    - the slab is placed upon the beams for support, and
    - the slab is secured to the beams.
  2. A method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the enclosures (7) are filled with a fire protection material.
  3. A method as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slab (3) has openings (4), by way of which the enclosures (7) are filled with a material after the slab has been placed upon the beams (2) for support.
  4. A method as set forth in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, when the slab (3) has been placed upon the beams (2) for support, the enclosures are filled by pouring concrete therein.
  5. A method as set forth in any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the distance of the slab (3) from the beam (2) is adjusted before the slab is secured, such that the slab settles exactly at a desired height.
  6. A method as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that the slab has openings (4), which are in alignment with the beams and which include a plate (5) provided with a threaded hole (6), and in that the distance of the slab, which has been placed upon the beams for support, is adjusted by means of bolts to be screwed into the holes.
  7. A concrete slab, which is mountable for support on cantilevered beams present on a wall, characterized in that a slab (3) has an enclosure (7) in alignment with each beam, such that, when the slab is placed upon the beams for support, the beams settle within the enclosures.
  8. A slab as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that the slab (3) has openings (4) in alignment with each beam.
  9. A slab as set forth in claim 8, characterized in that the opening includes a plate (5) which is provided with a threaded hole (6).
EP10165500.9A 2009-06-10 2010-06-10 Constructing an overhang Not-in-force EP2261430B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20095644A FI123579B (en) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Procedure for forming a concrete projection and concrete slab

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2261430A2 true EP2261430A2 (en) 2010-12-15
EP2261430A3 EP2261430A3 (en) 2012-08-22
EP2261430B1 EP2261430B1 (en) 2016-04-06

Family

ID=40825350

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10165500.9A Not-in-force EP2261430B1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-10 Constructing an overhang

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2261430B1 (en)
FI (1) FI123579B (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2666918A3 (en) * 2012-05-21 2014-06-25 LO Rakenne Oy Balcony
WO2014174269A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 Sapphire Balustrades Ltd Balcony
FR3031530A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-15 Tbi BALCONY WITH SLIDING CONSOLES
EP3061880A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2016-08-31 FEHR Groupe Prefabricated balcony with ribs
GB2558272A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-11 Brooksby Projects Ltd Balcony structures
CN108842964A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-20 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 Steel construction assembled-type house Prefabricated superposed beam construction method
SE544321C2 (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-04-05 Nordiska Balco Ab Suspension system for a balcony, a method for suspending a balcony on an exterior wall structure of a building and the use of such suspension system
GB2600746A (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-11 Sapphire Balconies Ltd Balcony developments
WO2024110218A1 (en) * 2022-11-22 2024-05-30 Svein Berg Holding As Cantilevered corner balcony

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110172912A (en) * 2019-05-04 2019-08-27 湖北省路桥集团有限公司 A kind of solid pier capping beam processing construction method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10331250A (en) 1997-05-29 1998-12-15 Sekisui House Ltd Structure of balcony and corridor, and floor board therefor

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3114486A1 (en) * 1981-04-10 1982-10-28 Hans Veit 8602 Schlüsselfeld Dennert Floor slab which is designed as a cantilevered balcony slab and is intended for intermediate floors in buildings
BE1007398A3 (en) * 1993-08-20 1995-06-06 Rebuild World Rbw Sa Supports for bow-windows and balconies and building comprising thesesupports

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10331250A (en) 1997-05-29 1998-12-15 Sekisui House Ltd Structure of balcony and corridor, and floor board therefor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2666918A3 (en) * 2012-05-21 2014-06-25 LO Rakenne Oy Balcony
WO2014174269A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 Sapphire Balustrades Ltd Balcony
AU2014259192B2 (en) * 2013-04-22 2017-09-21 Sapphire Balconies Ltd Balcony
US10400437B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2019-09-03 Sapphire Balconies Limited Balcony
FR3031530A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-15 Tbi BALCONY WITH SLIDING CONSOLES
EP3061880A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2016-08-31 FEHR Groupe Prefabricated balcony with ribs
GB2559872B (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-08-21 Brooksby Projects Ltd Balcony structures
GB2559872A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-08-22 Brooksby Projects Ltd Balcony structures
GB2558272A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-11 Brooksby Projects Ltd Balcony structures
CN108842964A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-20 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 Steel construction assembled-type house Prefabricated superposed beam construction method
GB2600746A (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-11 Sapphire Balconies Ltd Balcony developments
GB2600746B (en) * 2020-11-09 2023-03-08 Sapphire Balconies Ltd Balcony developments
SE544321C2 (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-04-05 Nordiska Balco Ab Suspension system for a balcony, a method for suspending a balcony on an exterior wall structure of a building and the use of such suspension system
SE2150533A1 (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-04-05 Nordiska Balco Ab Suspension system for a balcony, a method for suspending a balcony on an exterior wall structure of a building and the use of such suspension system
WO2022229075A1 (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 Nordiska Balco Ab Suspension system for a framework structure, a method for suspending a framework structure on an exterior wall structure of a building and the use of such suspension system
WO2024110218A1 (en) * 2022-11-22 2024-05-30 Svein Berg Holding As Cantilevered corner balcony

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20095644A0 (en) 2009-06-10
EP2261430B1 (en) 2016-04-06
FI123579B (en) 2013-07-31
FI20095644A (en) 2010-04-08
EP2261430A3 (en) 2012-08-22

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