EP2045425B1 - Single-leaf overhead gate and pre-tensioning device therefor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a single-leaf overhead door with a tiltable between a substantially vertical closed position and a substantially horizontal opening position movable door leaf, a Torblattgewichtsausgleichseinrichtung biasing the entire door leaf in the opening direction, a guide device for guiding the movement of the door leaf, wherein the door leaf a panel an upper engaging means for detecting the guiding device and a lower engaging means for detecting the guiding device, at least the lower engaging means having a lever spacing between a point of engagement with the guiding device and the panel, and wherein the guiding device comprises a first guiding rail substantially covering the upper engaging means horizontally, and has a second guide rail, which is detected by the lower engaging means and this in an obliquely from the closing plane, in which the panel extends in the closed position, upwardly and inwardly away inclined direction leads. Such a gate is out of the DE 20 2005 020 731 U1 as well as from the DE 40 37 867 A1 known.

From the FR 2 668 534 A1 a tipping gate is known with a door leaf, which is guided with its lower portion of vertical guide rails and is guided at its upper portion on horizontal guide rails. A Torblattgewicht balancing device has a weight, the tensile force is transmitted via ropes on a shaft, the tensile force on the one hand acts on a lower portion of the door leaf and on the other hand is passed to a traction mechanism, which pulls the upper portion in the direction of the vertical guide rails.

That from the DE 20 2005 020 731 U1 , which is referred to for more details, known gate and that from the DE 40 37 867 A1 known gate ways in each case a substantially formed of a rigid panel door leaf. A guide device for the door leaf, in addition to a first, substantially horizontally arranged guide rail obliquely, for example, at an angle of 25 ° (+/- 10 °) extending second guide rail. As upper and lower engagement means, with which the door leaf is guided in the two guide rails, serve upper and lower rollers. The upper rollers are offset with a smaller spacer from the plane of extension of the panel to the inside (ie directed in the intended use in the interior of the space to be closed). The lower engagement device is arranged offset with a much longer spacer further into the interior. As a Torblattgewichtsausgleicheinrichtung serves a counterweight, which is guided over a loose role and runs in a weight box in the region of a lateral frame Holmes. The second guide rail closes further inward offset only on the weight box. The bottom spacer bridges the width of the weight box. Such goals are characterized by an extraordinarily smooth running and by a very flat in a wide range of door movement force requirement for opening and closing. To smooth the power requirement is used at the gate after the DE 20 2005 020 731 U1 in particular, the leverage of the longer, lower spacer, which moves the point of the door leaf on the oblique guide rail inside.

The object of the invention is to improve the gate of such a gate on.

This object is achieved by a single-sheet overhead door with the features of appended claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The invention proposes in the aforementioned single-leaf overhead door with oblique second guide rail to provide, in addition to the Torblattgewichtausgleicheinrichtung a biasing device which biases the upper portion of the closed door leaf in the opening direction.

The invention is based on the recognition that the Torblattgewichtichtsgleichgleichseinrichtung, for example, the weight used in the known goal, the weight of the door leaf can no longer compensate when the center of gravity of the door leaf wanders over the point of engagement of the engaging device. In this state occurring near the closed position results in a reversal of the torques acting around the point of application of the lower engagement means of the lower guide means.

The biasing device according to the invention provides at the end of the closing process an additional balancing force to better balance the Torblattgewicht.

This can be very low in the preferred embodiment of the door when the biasing means is arranged to be attacking at the top and thus the lever arm around the point of engagement of the lower engagement means on the guide device is very large.

Since the torque reversal results only close to the closed position, it is sufficient if the pretensioning device exerts a force on the door leaf only in a partial region of the movement path of the door leaf near the closed position. On the remaining area of the trajectory, the door leaf weight balance device delivers the Torblattausgleichkraft and can provide the smoothest possible force curve.

By providing a pretensioning device which acts only close to the closed position, the power requirement of the door can be further smoothed over the path and kept lower overall.

This is advantageous in particular when the door is provided with a door drive. It can be assumed that the door on the market is predominantly equipped, distributed and deployed together with a door drive. The compensatory force provided by the pretensioner has a favorable effect on the force limitation of the drive. This is even so far that can be dispensed with a closing edge switching bar or other security function to protect against entrapment hazards. A force limit in the drive itself is sufficient. Even with a simple force limitation, future strict safety standards can be achieved, so that overall the door with drive can be very easily designed cost.

Furthermore, the door drive requires less power for the opening and closing cycle, which extends the life of the drive.

The biasing means is preferably designed such that the door leaf is biased to tilt, and more preferably to the point of engagement of the lower engagement means in the second guide rail as a fulcrum. Preferably, the biasing device is active only in the last third of the closing movement and / in the first third of an opening movement.

The biasing device can be mounted to save space on the substantially horizontal first guide rails.

Another advantage of the pretensioning device is that the gate does not fall by itself during emergency operation in the last third. An unbalanced door would result in a very high kinetic energy due to the high door leaf weight (up to 200kg) that occurs in practice in the last third of the closing process. This kinetic energy is effectively damped by the biasing device as the gate closes.

The biasing device according to the invention is equipped with a compression spring which is tensioned when closing the door to pressure.

This results in the further closing of the gate, where the center of gravity of the gate continues to move beyond the point of attack and thus is increasingly unbalanced, an increased restoring force. This makes it possible to achieve a very good balance of this imbalance.

For engaging the upper portion of the door leaf, the biasing device according to the invention on an attacking device. This is provided with an engaging element that can engage an attack point at an upper portion of the door leaf. The engaging device itself is movably guided in the direction of opening movement as well as the closing movement direction of the point of application. In particular, it is acted upon by a resilient force in the opening direction.

The engaging element can be formed, for example, by a hook element into which a projection on the door leaf hooks when reaching the partial area in which the pretensioning device becomes active. The projection is preferably formed by an axis of a roller, with which the door leaf is guided in one of the first guide rails.

For supporting on the compression spring, the attacking device further comprises a spring seat according to the invention. In order to accommodate the compression spring in the compressed state between the spring seat and the Torblattrahmen, and yet to ensure an attack of the attacking device on the upper portion of the door leaf, it is further provided that the spring seat is arranged spaced apart to the engaging element in the opening direction.

However, in order to enable accurate guidance and ease of assembly, the biasing means includes a guide means of its own for guiding the movement of the engagement means. This guide device may for example have a rod on which the compression spring is seated and on which the spring seat is displaceably guided.

Furthermore, a limiting device is advantageous which limits the movement of the pretensioning device to the desired subregion. This limiting device may, for example, have a stop for the spring seat.

Fig. 1

eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Einblatt-Überkopftores, eingebaut in eine Garage, in einer Zwischenstellung zwischen Öffnungsstellung und Schließstellung;

Fig. 2

eine vergleichbare Ansicht von Fig. 1 auf das Tor in vollständig geöffnetem Zustand (Öffnungsstellung);

Fig. 3

eine Ansicht vergleichbar derjenigen von Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 auf das Tor in vollständig geschlossenem Zustand (Schließstellung);

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung der Einzelteile einer bei dem Tor von Fig. 1 bis 3 verwendbaren Vorspanneinrichtung;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Vorspanneinrichtung in zusammengesetztem Zustand;

Fig. 6

einen Teilbereich der Fig. 3 mit der Vorspanneinrichtung und dem Tor in der Schließstellung;

Fig. 7

einen Teilbereich der Fig. 1 mit dem Tor in einer Zwischenstellung und der Vorspanneinrichtung; und

Fig. 8

eine Zusammenschau der Fig. 7 und 8, wobei das Tor und die Vorspanneinrichtung in vollständig geschlossenem Zustand und in der Zwischenstellung dargestellt sind.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a sectional side view of a single leaf overhead door, installed in a garage, in an intermediate position between the open position and closed position;

Fig. 2

a comparable view of Fig. 1 on the door in fully open condition (open position);

Fig. 3

a view comparable to that of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 on the door in fully closed condition (closed position);

Fig. 4

an exploded perspective view of the items one at the gate of Fig. 1 to 3 usable pretensioner;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of the biasing device in the assembled state;

Fig. 6

a subsection of the Fig. 3 with the biasing means and the gate in the closed position;

Fig. 7

a subsection of the Fig. 1 with the gate in an intermediate position and the pretensioner; and

Fig. 8

a synopsis of Fig. 7 and 8th , wherein the gate and the biasing means are shown in the fully closed state and in the intermediate position.

In the Fig. 1 to 3 is a generally designated 10 single-leaf overhead door shown in three different positions. Fig. 2 shows the door in fully open position - open position. Fig. 3 shows the gate 10 in the fully closed position - closed position. And Fig. 1 shows the gate 10 in an intermediate position in which the door leaf has indeed performed a third of its opening movement from the closed position in the opening direction.

The gate 10 has a door leaf 12 and a guide device 14 for guiding the movement of the door leaf 12. The guide device 14 is associated with a frame or a frame 16. The guide device 14 has lateral guides, of which only one is shown in the figures. The guide 18 on the opposite side is equipped with mirror images. Next, the gate 10 on a Torblattgewicht balancing device 20.

Each guide 18 of the guide device 14 has a first running rail or guide rail 22, which is guided in the region of the ceiling 24 of the space to be closed - garage 26 - in a substantially horizontal direction. Next, each guide 18 of the guide device 14 on a second guide rail 28 which extends from a vertical spar 30 of the frame 16 obliquely upward and in the interior of the garage 26 inside. The second guide rail 28 includes in the embodiment between the vertical beam 30 and the second guide rail 28 at an angle of about 25 °. Different angles are possible.

The door leaf 12 has a single rigid planar panel 32, which closes the garage door opening 34 in the closed state. This panel 32 is provided in an upper portion 36, near its upper edge 38 with an upper engagement means 40, with which the door leaf 12, the first guide rail 22 detected. The upper engagement device 40 has in the illustrated example a mounted on a respective axis 42 upper roller 44. The axle 42 of the upper roller defines in the embodiment an upper point of application.

On the panel 32 is further spaced a distance of several centimeters (eg 10 to 70 cm) from a closing edge 48, a lower engagement means 50 is arranged, with which the door leaf 12 is guided on the oblique second guide rail 28. The lower engagement means 50 also has lower rollers 54 mounted on axle 52. However, the axis 52 is compared to the axis 42 of the upper roller 44 by a Spacer 56 from the panel 32 inwardly, ie further spaced in the interior of the garage 26 in.

The door leaf weight balance device 20 has a counterweight 58, as shown in more detail in FIGS Fig. 6 to 8 is shown, which is guided in the corresponding box-like running vertical beam 30. The counterweight 58 engages via a loose roller 60 to a cable 62, whose first end is fixedly secured in the region of the frame 16 and the other end in the region of the axis 52 of the lower roller 54 is fixed to the door leaf 12. The cable (62) is guided for this purpose via corresponding rollers through the second guide rail 28.

The spacer 56 bridges the distance between a closing plane at the outer edge of the vertical spar 30 and the beginning of the second guide rail 28 behind the inner edge of the vertical spar 30.

Due to this type of construction, the situation arises that when the door leaf 12 is made of the in Fig. 2 shown opening position in the in Fig. 3 shown closing force, the weight F _G, attached here at the center of gravity 64 of the door leaf (12), moves over the defined by the axis 52 of the engagement point 50 of the lower engagement means 50 on the second guide rail 28. Upon further movement in the direction of the closed position, this results in a tilting moment of the door leaf (12) (counterclockwise in Fig. 1 ), which can not be compensated by the Torblattgewichtgleichgleicheinrichtung 20. The power of the weight balancer is in the Figures 1 - 3 with F _S , shown.

Based on FIGS. 4 to 8 Now, a total of 70 designated biasing means will be described, which biases the upper portion 36 in the opening movement direction with a compensating force F _a . How out Fig. 4 can be seen, the biasing means 70 comprises a spring means in the form of a compression spring 72, a loadable by the compression spring 72 An engagement device 74 and a guide device 76 for guiding a movement of the engagement device 74.

The guide device 76 has, as a guide element, a rod 78 which can be fastened by means of a suitable fastening device 80 to the guide device 14 for the door leaf 12. The fastening device 80 has in the illustrated embodiment, two mounting brackets 82, which are identical and on the one hand with the ends of the rod 78 and on the other hand with the first guide rail 22 are screwed. The mounting bracket 82 have a relation to the rod 78 larger lateral extent. They also act as limiting device 84. As is apparent from the illustration in FIG Fig. 5 can be seen, the compression spring 72 and acting as a spring seat ring portion 86 are placed on the rod 78. Depending on one of the mounting bracket 82 acts as another spring seat and the second of the mounting bracket 82 acts as a stop for the ring portion 86. In this way, the possibility of movement of the ring portion 86 and thus the engagement means 74 to a portion of the first guide rail 22 near the end of the garage door opening 34th limited. The partial area is approximately one third of the extent of the first guide rail 22 and / or the movement path of the upper engagement device 40 Fig. 8 the respective end points of the movement of the engagement device 74 are shown together.

The engagement device 74 has, in addition to the ring portion 86, an engagement element in the form of a hook element 88, wherein the axis 42 of the upper roller 44 can be hooked. The hook element 88 is designed to be open in the direction of the opening movement so that the axis 42 can leave the hook element when the ring section 86 abuts against the limiting device 84 and the door leaf 12 continues to move in the direction of opening movement and the door leaf 12 moves out of the position in FIG Fig. 8 shown partial area without attack of the biasing device 70 can move on.

When moving the gate from the in Fig. 2 illustrated opening position back to the in Fig. 3 shown closed position reaches the axis 42, just before the in Fig. 1 shown position is reached, the hook member 88 and hooks there. The door leaf 12 then takes in the closing direction, the attacking device 74 with further movement. This is moved along the guide device 76 in the closing direction to the garage door opening 34 and thereby biases the compression spring 72nd

The compression spring 72 generates the compensating force F _a . This is greater according to the tensioning of the compression spring 72, the further the door leaf moves in the closed position.

In Fig. 6 the closed position is shown with the biasing device 70 in attack against the upper portion 36 of the door leaf 12. The compression spring 72 is completely compressed here. For this purpose, the engagement device 74 has, between the ring section 86 and the hook element 88, a connecting region 90 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rod in order to provide sufficient space for the compressed compression spring 72 between the annular section 86 and the hook element located near the garage door opening 34.

The compensating force F _a generated by the pretensioning device 70 is advantageous in particular, but not only, when the gate 10, as in FIGS Fig. 1 to 3 shown equipped with a door drive 92. The door drive 92 is present in the embodiment as a towed drive. Due to the fact that the tilting moment between the position in Fig. 1 and the position in Fig. 3 located Torblattes 12 is compensated by the balancing force F _a , a total of balanced and lower power requirements for the opening and closing of the door leaf 12 can be achieved. The force curve over the way runs so very flat. As a result, a reliable power shutdown can be realized on the door drive. The gate 10 thus comes even when it is provided with the door drive 92, without additional security devices, such as an obstacle detection on the closing edge 48 from.

Although only one side of the door is shown in the figures, it should be understood that the biasing means 70 may be provided on both sides, for example screwed onto the two upper first guide rails, respectively.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

gate

12

door leaf

14

guiding device

16

frame

18

guide

20

Torblattgewichtsausgleichseinrichtung

22

first guide rail

24

blanket

26

garage

28

second guide rail

30

vertical spar

32

paneling

34

garage door opening

36

upper area

38

upper edge

40

upper engagement device

42

axis

44

upper roller

46

upper attack point

48

closing edge

50

lower engagement device

52

axis

54

lower caster

56

spacer

58

counterweight

60

loose roll

62

cable

64

main emphasis

70

biasing means

72

compression spring

74

Angreifseinrichtung

76

guide means

78

pole

80

fastening device

82

mounting brackets

84

limiting device

86

Ring section (spring seat and guide element for the attacking device)

88

hook element

90

connecting area

92

door drive

F _G

weight force

F _L1

required supporting force on the axis of the upper rollers

F _L2

required supporting force on the axis of the lower rollers

F _S

Weight balancing force of the Torblattgewichtichtsgleichgleichseinrichtung

F _N

Component of the support force F _L2 in the direction perpendicular to the counterbalancing force

F _a

balancing force

Claims (15)

1. Single-panel up-and-over door (10) having a door leaf (12) that is movable by tilting between a substantially vertical closed position and a substantially horizontal open position, a door leaf weight compensating device (20) that biases the door leaf (12) in the direction of opening, and guide means (14) for guiding the movement of the door leaf (12),
   the door leaf (12) having a panel (32), an upper engagement device (40) for gripping the guide means (14) and a lower engagement device (50) for gripping the guide means (14), wherein at least the lower engagement device (50) has a lever distance between a point of attack (52) on the guide means (14) and the panel (32),
   and wherein the guide means (14) comprise a first guide rail (22) that guides the upper engagement device (40) substantially horizontally, and a second guide rail (28) that is gripped by the lower engagement device (50) and guides the latter in a direction sloping diagonally upwards and inwards away from the closing plane in which the panel (32) extends in the closed position,
   characterised in that
   in addition to the door leaf weight compensating device (20) a pre-tensioning device (70) is provided for biasing the upper region (36) of the closed door leaf in the direction of opening,
   in that the pre-tensioning device (70) comprises an actuating device (74) with an actuating element (88) for acting on a point of attack (42) on the upper region (36) of the door leaf (12), while guide means (76) are provided for guiding the movement of the actuating device (74) in the opening and closing direction of the point of attack (42),
   in that the pre-tensioning device (70) comprises a compression spring (72) for acting on the actuating device (74) with a spring-elastic force (Fa) in the direction of opening, the compression spring (72) being biased into compression when the door is closed, and
   in that the actuating device has a spring seat (86) for supporting the compression spring (72), the spring seat (86) being arranged at a spacing from the actuating element (88) in the direction of opening.
2. Door according to claim 1, characterised in that the door leaf weight compensating device (20) acts on the lower engagement device (50) and exerts a force (Fs) thereon in the direction of the second guide rail (28).
3. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pre-tensioning device (70) exerts a force (Fa) on the door leaf (12) only over part of the path of movement of the door leaf (12), close to the closed position.
4. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pre-tensioning device (70) biases the door leaf (12) to tilt out of the substantially vertical closed position into a tilting movement towards the substantially horizontal open position.
5. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pre-tensioning device (70) exerts a force (Fa) on the upper region (36) of the door leaf (12) that is directed substantially towards the second guide rail in the direction of opening.
6. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pre-tensioning device (70) comprises the at least one compression spring (72) in the region of at least one of laterally provided first guide rails (22).
7. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one compression spring (72) of the pre-tensioning device (70) acts as a support, with a first end in the region of an upper part of a frame or a surround (16) or of the end of the first guide rail (22) facing the opening (32) that is to be closed off by the door (10), and acts with its other, second end on the door leaf (12), as the door leaf (12) moves into the closed position in a last part of the closing movement, so that the compression spring (72) can be biased by the further closing movement.
8. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuating element is a hook element (88) for acting on an axle (42) of a roller (44) guided in the first guide rail (22).
9. Door according to claim 7 or according to claim 7 and claim 8, characterised in that in the direction of opening the spring seat (86) is spaced from the actuating element (88) by a distance that can accommodate the compression spring (70) compressed in the closed position.
10. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide means (76) comprise a rod (78) which passes longitudinally through the compression spring (70) and on which the spring seat (6) is movably guided.
11. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pre-tensioning device (70) has a limiter (84) which limits its effectiveness to a partial range of the movement of the door.
12. Door according to claim 10 and claim 11, characterised in that the limiter (84) has a stop for the spring seat (86) which limits the movement of the spring seat in the direction of opening.
13. Door according to one of claims 3 or 7 or 11 or 12, characterised in that the partial range in which the pre-tensioning device (70) is effective is approximately the last third of the closing movement and the first third of the opening movement.
14. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a door drive (92) for driving the opening and closing movement of the door leaf (12).
15. Door according to claim 14, characterised in that the door drive (92) has a force monitoring device for switching off or reversing the door drive (92) when the drive force exceeds a pre-defined threshold and in that the door (10) is free from door edge monitoring devices.

Images