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EP1838507B1 - Method and device for production of hollow bricks - Google Patents

Method and device for production of hollow bricks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1838507B1
EP1838507B1 EP06706224A EP06706224A EP1838507B1 EP 1838507 B1 EP1838507 B1 EP 1838507B1 EP 06706224 A EP06706224 A EP 06706224A EP 06706224 A EP06706224 A EP 06706224A EP 1838507 B1 EP1838507 B1 EP 1838507B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spikes
compression
mould
height
compression mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP06706224A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1838507A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Backs
Klaus Dambauer
Norbert Kranzinger
Hans Georg Berghammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hess Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Hess Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1838507A1 publication Critical patent/EP1838507A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hollow building blocks according to claim 1 or claim 8.
  • EP 0 706 864 It is known to produce hollow blocks in that a mold is used with vertically movable mandrels. In this case, granular molding material is introduced as a humid concrete mortar in the mold with raised thorns, and then the mandrels are raised beyond the height of the mold out further, after which a pressing operation by means of a pressed from above on the filled molding material press plate into which the mandrels can dip , is carried out, wherein during the compacting process by pressing the mandrels are withdrawn again.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method according to claim 1 and a suitable device according to claim 8, which make it possible to produce hollow blocks regardless of their height with sufficient compression over the entire height of the stone.
  • the compaction is carried out in a plurality of stages, in which alternately pressing plate and mandrels are moved downward. This ensures that is first compressed by the action of the press plate of the granular molding material in the area adjacent to the top. Here, the grains of the molding material are pressed against the mandrels. The latter are then moved down a bit. By this downward movement, the static friction between the grains of the molding material and the thorns under entrainment and thus loosening of the grains is overcome. This is followed by a new pressing through the press plate, whereby the grains turn - and in a deeper layer - are pressed against the mandrels, etc.
  • the pressing force can be gradually applied to the grain layer at the bottom of the mold, so that the height of the Stone plays no role and small distances between the thorns, for example, 0.5 to 1 cm with equally small mandrel width can be readily realized.
  • Dahote device comprises a machine frame 1, which receives a press table 2, a lower lifting ram 3 and an upper ram 4.
  • the press table 2 comprises a tabletop 5 for placing a box-shaped mold 6.
  • Above the mold 6 is a horizontally along a guide 7 movable filling device 8, such as a filling provided, with which the mold 6 can be filled with granular molding material F.
  • the lifting ram 3 is used for vertical movement of a guided along vertical guide rods 9 support plate 10, the upper side upwardly projecting mandrels 11, which are inserted through openings 12 in the tabletop 5 from below into the mold 6 and also beyond this protruding.
  • the ram 4 carries a along the guide rods 9 vertically guided support plate 13 for a spaced therefrom arranged pressing plate 14.
  • the pressing plate 14 has openings 15 for the mandrels 11, so that they can enter the pressing plate 14 and through it.
  • the pressure plate 14 is movable into the press mold 6 by appropriate loading of the press ram 4.
  • a vibrator 16 may be disposed on the mold 6 and / or a vibrator 17 on the support plate 10 in order to perform corresponding Hinttelmosen these parts can.
  • the mold 6 is vertically movable via actuating cylinder 18, wherein the actuating cylinder 18 engage on projecting frame parts 19 of the mold 6.
  • first of all the pressing mold 6 sitting on the table top 5 is to be filled with moist (earth-moist) molding material F.
  • moist (earth-moist) molding material F For this purpose, first the mandrels 11 are retracted at most to the upper edge of the mold 6 in this.
  • the filled accordingly with molding material F filling device 8 is moved over the mold 6 and filled the molding material F in the mold 6. Since the pins 11 in this case at most up to the top of the mold protrude upwards, they interfere the method of the filling device 8 not.
  • the filling device 8 with a vibratory mounted sieve plate (not shown) with a corresponding oscillating drive for this purpose so as to achieve the most uniform distribution of the molding material F in the mold 6 by trickling. After filling, the. Filling device 8 moved back to its original position.
  • the mandrels 11 are first driven further upwards so that they protrude beyond the mold 6. This can conveniently be shaken, whereby the mold material F located in the mold 6 already collapses somewhat in height.
  • the pressing plate 14 is shut down by means of the ram 4, whereby the mandrels 11 dive into the through openings 15 of the pressing plate 14 and pass through it (to facilitate this, the mandrels 11 may be sharpened end), so that they upper side by the press plate 14 are led.
  • the pressure plate 14 finally reaches the surface of the molding material F in the height h 0 and presses this immersed in the mold 6 with predetermined force, so that the molding material F in the mold 6 only has a height h 1 .
  • the pressing force acting on the molding material F is greatest at the top and decreases continuously downwards.
  • the spikes 11 are retracted a small way d in the downward direction.
  • the static friction between compressed molding material F in the upper side region and the spikes 11 is overcome.
  • first a downward train is exerted on the solidified layer of the molding material F in the upper-side region, which decreases accordingly at the moment of overcoming the static friction, since then only sliding friction takes place.
  • the pressing plate 14 presses again on the molding material F. Since the layer of molding material F is already compacted in the upper side region, the pressing force acts on the underlying layer and compacts them so that their grains are pressed against the mandrels 11. Subsequently the mandrels 11 are moved down again by the distance d, overcoming the static friction resulting from the preceding pressing, etc. In this way, the molding material F is densified in layers until the bottom layer is reached and compacted.
  • the mold 6 can then after complete retraction of the mandrels 11 (retraction path d n in Fig. 2 ) started up with the stone blank thus formed, a storage board interposed and the stone blank placed on this under appropriate action of the pressing plate 14 and transported away.
  • the pressing plate 14 can act in each stage of the compression with a predetermined force, in which case the blank height h n per stage n decreases continuously until a predetermined blank height is reached.
  • the withdrawal path d of the mandrels 11 is expediently constant or increasing progressively.
  • the compression is expediently carried out by means of a control 20, which on the one hand controls the force with which the pressing plate 14 acts on the molding material F, and on the other hand, the return path d of the mandrels 11.
  • the resulting blank height can be determined in each case via their direct or indirect measurement, for example by means of a position sensor 21 for the ram 4 or a moving component and the filling amount for the filling device 8 are dimensioned accordingly, so that after compacting a predetermined blank height h n results.
  • molding material F Particularly suitable as molding material F are hydraulically curing mixtures which contain cement, lime, fly ash or the like as a binder, optionally mixed, and aggregates such as quartz sand, split or, in particular, lightweight aggregates such as natural pumice, expanded clay, tuff, optionally in admixture.
  • aggregates such as quartz sand, split or, in particular, lightweight aggregates such as natural pumice, expanded clay, tuff, optionally in admixture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Fish Paste Products (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

The method and device for producing hollow building blocks involves an open press mould (6) that has a height adjustable indentor (11) together with a retractable press plate (14) located in the press mould which is penetrated from below by the indentor. Once the press mould is filled with a granular mould material (F) the indentor is immersed and the material enters in the press plate. Under compression from the indentor, the material is pressed in a number of different ways. The press-plate may operate, step-wise, when pressing the material, whilst the indentor may move the same distance downwards at each step.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hohlbausteinen nach dem Anspruch 1, bzw. dem Anspruch 8.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hollow building blocks according to claim 1 or claim 8.

Aus EP 0 706 864 ist es bekannt, Hohlbausteine dadurch herzustellen, daß eine Preßform mit vertikal verfahrbaren Dornen verwendet wird. Hierbei wird körniger Formstoff etwa als erdfeuchter Betonmörtel in die Preßform bei hochgefahrenen Dornen eingebracht, und anschließend werden die Dorne über die Höhe der Preßform hinaus weiter hochgefahren, wonach ein Preßvorgang mittels einer von oben auf den eingefüllten Formstoff einwirkenden Preßplatte, in die die Dorne eintauchen können, erfolgt, wobei während des durch den Preßvorgang erfolgenden Verdichtens die Dorne wieder zurückgezogen werden. Mit diesem Verfahren ist es jedoch problematisch, Hohlbausteine genügender Höhe herzustellen, da sich beim Verdichten die Körner an der Oberseite benachbart zur Preßplatte miteinander verkeilen, wodurch der Druck bis zum Boden der Preßform kontinuierlich abnimmt bzw. u.U: den Boden gar nicht erreicht. Bei entsprechenden Steinhöhen, z.B. 25 cm oder 30 cm, führt dies dazu, daß die Verdichtung bodenseitig unzureichend ist. Insbesondere bei geringen Abständen zwischen den Dornen von beispielsweise 0,5 bis 1 cm und ebenso geringer Dombreite, die zwar wünschenswerterweise zu einer Vielzahl von die Wärmedämmung begünstigenden Hohlräumen führen, macht sich dies nachteilig bemerkbar.Out EP 0 706 864 It is known to produce hollow blocks in that a mold is used with vertically movable mandrels. In this case, granular molding material is introduced as a humid concrete mortar in the mold with raised thorns, and then the mandrels are raised beyond the height of the mold out further, after which a pressing operation by means of a pressed from above on the filled molding material press plate into which the mandrels can dip , is carried out, wherein during the compacting process by pressing the mandrels are withdrawn again. With this method, however, it is problematic to produce hollow bricks of sufficient height, since when compacting the grains wedged together at the top adjacent to the press plate, whereby the pressure decreases continuously to the bottom of the mold or possibly: the soil is not reached. At appropriate Stone heights, eg 25 cm or 30 cm, this leads to the fact that the compaction on the bottom side is insufficient. In particular, with small distances between the thorns, for example, 0.5 to 1 cm and also low Dombreite, although desirably lead to a variety of the thermal insulation favoring cavities, this makes adversely noticeable.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1 sowie eine geeignete Vorrichtung nach dem Anspruch 8 zu schaffen, die es ermöglichen, Hohlbausteine unabhängig von ihrer Höhe mit ausreichender Verdichtung über die gesamte Steinhöhe herzustellen.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method according to claim 1 and a suitable device according to claim 8, which make it possible to produce hollow blocks regardless of their height with sufficient compression over the entire height of the stone.

Diese Aufgabe wird entsprechend den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 8 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the features of claims 1 and 8, respectively.

Hiernach ist vorgesehen, daß das Verdichten in einer Vielzahl von Stufen vorgenommen wird, bei denen abwechselnd Preßplatte und Dorne abwärts bewegt werden. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß zunächst durch Einwirken der Preßplatte der körnige Formstoff im Bereich benachbart zur Oberseite verdichtet wird. Hierbei werden die Körner des Formstoffs gegen die Dorne gepreßt. Letztere werden danach etwas abwärts bewegt. Durch diese Abwärtsbewegung wird die Haftreibung zwischen den Körnern des Formstoffs und den Dornen unter Mitnahme und damit unter Auflockerung der Körner überwunden. Danach erfolgt ein erneutes Pressen durch die Preßplatte, wodurch die Körner wiederum - und zwar in einer tieferen Schicht - an die Dorne gedrückt werden, etc. Hierdurch läßt sich die Preßkraft bis in die Körnerschicht am Boden der Preßform stufenweise aufbringen, so daß die Höhe des Steins keine Rolle spielt und geringe Abstände zwischen den Dornen von beispielsweise 0,5 bis 1 cm bei ebenso geringer Dornbreite ohne weiteres verwirklicht werden können.Thereafter, it is envisaged that the compaction is carried out in a plurality of stages, in which alternately pressing plate and mandrels are moved downward. This ensures that is first compressed by the action of the press plate of the granular molding material in the area adjacent to the top. Here, the grains of the molding material are pressed against the mandrels. The latter are then moved down a bit. By this downward movement, the static friction between the grains of the molding material and the thorns under entrainment and thus loosening of the grains is overcome. This is followed by a new pressing through the press plate, whereby the grains turn - and in a deeper layer - are pressed against the mandrels, etc. In this way, the pressing force can be gradually applied to the grain layer at the bottom of the mold, so that the height of the Stone plays no role and small distances between the thorns, for example, 0.5 to 1 cm with equally small mandrel width can be readily realized.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Further embodiments of the invention are described in the following description and the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den beigefügten Abbildungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch eine Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hohlbausteinen.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt zwei Diagramme bezüglich der Rohlingshöhe eines Hohlbausteins und des Wegs von Dornen der Vorrichtung von Fig. 1 in Abhängigkeit von der Verdichtungsstufe.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of an apparatus for producing hollow blocks.
  • Fig. 2 FIG. 2 shows two diagrams relating to the blank height of a hollow brick and the way of thorns of the device of FIG Fig. 1 depending on the compression level.

Die in Fig. 1 dagestellte Vorrichtung umfaßt ein Maschinengestell 1, das einen Pressentisch 2, einen unteren Hubstempel 3 und einen oberen Preßstempel 4 aufnimmt. Der Pressentisch 2 umfaßt eine Tischplatte 5 zum Aufsetzen einer kastenförmigen Preßform 6. Oberhalb der Preßform 6 ist eine horizontal längs einer Führung 7 verfahrbare Fülleinrichtung 8, etwa ein Füllwagen, vorgesehen, mit dem die Preßform 6 mit körnigem Formstoff F befüllt werden kann.In the Fig. 1 Dagestellte device comprises a machine frame 1, which receives a press table 2, a lower lifting ram 3 and an upper ram 4. The press table 2 comprises a tabletop 5 for placing a box-shaped mold 6. Above the mold 6 is a horizontally along a guide 7 movable filling device 8, such as a filling provided, with which the mold 6 can be filled with granular molding material F.

Der Hubstempel 3 dient zum vertikalen Verfahren einer entlang von vertikalen Führungsstangen 9 geführten Trägerplatte 10, die oberseitig nach oben ragende Dorne 11 trägt, die durch Durchtrittsöffnungen 12 in der Tischplatte 5 von unten in die Preßform 6 und auch über diese hinausragend einfahrbar sind.The lifting ram 3 is used for vertical movement of a guided along vertical guide rods 9 support plate 10, the upper side upwardly projecting mandrels 11, which are inserted through openings 12 in the tabletop 5 from below into the mold 6 and also beyond this protruding.

Der Preßstempel 4 trägt eine entlang der Führungsstangen 9 vertikal geführte Trägerplatte 13 für eine beabstandet hierzu angeordnete Preßplatte 14. Die Preßplatte 14 besitzt Durchtrittsöffnungen 15 für die Dorne 11, so daß diese in die Preßplatte 14 und durch diese hindurch treten können. Die Preßplatte 14 ist durch entsprechende Beaufschlagung des Preßstempels 4 in die Preßform 6 hinein fahrbar.The ram 4 carries a along the guide rods 9 vertically guided support plate 13 for a spaced therefrom arranged pressing plate 14. The pressing plate 14 has openings 15 for the mandrels 11, so that they can enter the pressing plate 14 and through it. The pressure plate 14 is movable into the press mold 6 by appropriate loading of the press ram 4.

Gegebenenfalls kann ein Rüttler 16 an der Preßform 6 und/oder ein Rüttler 17 an der Trägerplatte 10 angeordnet sein, um entsprechende Rüttelbewegungen dieser Teile ausführen zu können.Optionally, a vibrator 16 may be disposed on the mold 6 and / or a vibrator 17 on the support plate 10 in order to perform corresponding Rüttelbewegungen these parts can.

Die Preßform 6 ist über Stellzylinder 18 vertikal beweglich, wobei die Stellzylinder 18 an abstehenden Rahmenteilen 19 der Preßform 6 angreifen.The mold 6 is vertically movable via actuating cylinder 18, wherein the actuating cylinder 18 engage on projecting frame parts 19 of the mold 6.

Zum Herstellen eines Hohlbausteins ist zunächst die auf der Tischplatte 5 aufsitzende Preßform 6 mit feuchtem (erdfeuchtem) Formstoff F zu befüllen. Hierzu werden zunächst die Dorne 11 bis höchstens zur Oberkante der Preßform 6 in diese eingefahren. Die entsprechend mit Formstoff F gefüllte Fülleinrichtung 8 wird über die Preßform 6 gefahren und der Formstoff F in die Preßform 6 gefüllt. Da die Dorne 11 hierbei höchstens bis zur Oberkante der Preßform nach oben ragen, stören sie das Verfahren der Fülleinrichtung 8 nicht. Beim Befüllen ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Preßform 6 und/oder die Trägerplatte 10 mittels des Rüttlers 16 bzw. 17 gerüttelt werden. Außerdem kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Fülleinrichtung 8 mit einem schwingfähig gelagerten Siebboden (nicht dargestellt) mit einem entsprechenden Schwingantrieb hierfür zu versehen, um so eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung des Formstoffs F in der Preßform 6 durch Hineinrieseln zu erzielen. Nach der Befüllung wird die. Fülleinrichtung 8 in ihre Ausgangsposition zurückgefahren.To produce a hollow brick, first of all the pressing mold 6 sitting on the table top 5 is to be filled with moist (earth-moist) molding material F. For this purpose, first the mandrels 11 are retracted at most to the upper edge of the mold 6 in this. The filled accordingly with molding material F filling device 8 is moved over the mold 6 and filled the molding material F in the mold 6. Since the pins 11 in this case at most up to the top of the mold protrude upwards, they interfere the method of the filling device 8 not. When filling, it is advantageous if the mold 6 and / or the support plate 10 are shaken by means of the vibrator 16 and 17 respectively. In addition, it may be expedient to provide the filling device 8 with a vibratory mounted sieve plate (not shown) with a corresponding oscillating drive for this purpose so as to achieve the most uniform distribution of the molding material F in the mold 6 by trickling. After filling, the. Filling device 8 moved back to its original position.

Nach dem Befüllen der Preßform 6 werden zunächst die Dorne 11 weiter nach oben gefahren, so daß sie über die Preßform 6 hinausragen. Hierbei kann zweckmäßigerweise gerüttelt werden, wodurch der in der Preßform 6 befindliche Formstoff F bereits etwas in seiner Höhe zusammensackt.After filling the mold 6, the mandrels 11 are first driven further upwards so that they protrude beyond the mold 6. This can conveniently be shaken, whereby the mold material F located in the mold 6 already collapses somewhat in height.

Danach wird die Preßplatte 14 mittels des Preßstempels 4 heruntergefahren, wodurch die Dorne 11 in die Durchtrittsöffnungen 15 der Preßplatte 14 eintauchen bzw. durch diese hindurchtreten (um dies zu erleichtern, können die Dorne 11 endseitig angespitzt sein), so daß sie oberseitig durch die Preßplatte 14 geführt werden. Die Preßplatte 14 erreicht schließlich die Oberfläche des Formstoffs F in der Höhe h0 und drückt diesen unter Eintauchen in die Preßform 6 mit vorbestimmter Kraft zusammen, so daß der Formstoff F in der Preßform 6 nur noch eine Höhe h1 aufweist. Die auf den Formstoff F einwirkende Preßkraft ist an der Oberseite am größten und nimmt nach unten hin kontinuierlich ab.Thereafter, the pressing plate 14 is shut down by means of the ram 4, whereby the mandrels 11 dive into the through openings 15 of the pressing plate 14 and pass through it (to facilitate this, the mandrels 11 may be sharpened end), so that they upper side by the press plate 14 are led. The pressure plate 14 finally reaches the surface of the molding material F in the height h 0 and presses this immersed in the mold 6 with predetermined force, so that the molding material F in the mold 6 only has a height h 1 . The pressing force acting on the molding material F is greatest at the top and decreases continuously downwards.

Anschließend erfolgt ein stufenweises Verdichten, indem zunächst die Dorne 11 einen kleinen Weg d in Abwärtsrichtung zurückgezogen werden. Hierdurch wird die Haftreibung zwischen verpreßtem Formstoff F im oberseitigen Bereich und den Dornen 11 überwunden. Hierzu wird zunächst ein nach unten gerichteter Zug auf die verfestigte Schicht des Formstoffs F im oberseitigen Bereich ausgeübt, der im Moment der Überwindung der Haftreibung entsprechend nachläßt, da dann nur noch Gleitreibung stattfindet. Danach drückt die Preßplatte 14 wiederum auf den Formstoff F. Da die Schicht des Formstoffs F im oberseitigen Bereich bereits verdichtet ist, wirkt die Preßkraft auf die darunter befindliche Schicht und verdichtet diese so, daß ihre Körner auch gegen die Dorne 11 gepreßt werden. Anschließend werden die Dorne 11 erneut um den Weg d unter Überwindung der sich durch den vorangegangenen Preßvorgang ergebenden Haftreibung nach unten bewegt, etc. Auf diese Weise wird der Formstoff F schichtweise verdichtet, bis auch die bodenseitige Schicht erreicht und verdichtet ist.Subsequently, a gradual compaction is carried out by first the spikes 11 are retracted a small way d in the downward direction. As a result, the static friction between compressed molding material F in the upper side region and the spikes 11 is overcome. For this purpose, first a downward train is exerted on the solidified layer of the molding material F in the upper-side region, which decreases accordingly at the moment of overcoming the static friction, since then only sliding friction takes place. Thereafter, the pressing plate 14 presses again on the molding material F. Since the layer of molding material F is already compacted in the upper side region, the pressing force acts on the underlying layer and compacts them so that their grains are pressed against the mandrels 11. Subsequently the mandrels 11 are moved down again by the distance d, overcoming the static friction resulting from the preceding pressing, etc. In this way, the molding material F is densified in layers until the bottom layer is reached and compacted.

Die Preßform 6 kann dann nach vollständigem Zurückziehen der Dorne 11 (Rückzugsweg dn in Fig. 2) mit dem so gebildeten Steinrohling hochgefahren, ein Lagerbrett zwischengeschoben und der Steinrohling auf diesem unter entsprechender Einwirkung der Preßplatte 14 abgesetzt und abtransportiert werden.The mold 6 can then after complete retraction of the mandrels 11 (retraction path d n in Fig. 2 ) started up with the stone blank thus formed, a storage board interposed and the stone blank placed on this under appropriate action of the pressing plate 14 and transported away.

Die Preßplatte 14 kann in jeder Stufe der Verdichtung mit einer vorbestimmten Kraft einwirken, wobei dann die Rohlingshöhe hn pro Stufe n kontinuierlich abnimmt, bis eine vorbestimmte Rohlingshöhe erreicht ist. Der Rückzugsweg d der Dorne 11 ist hierbei zweckmäßigerweise konstant oder nimmt fortschreitend zu.The pressing plate 14 can act in each stage of the compression with a predetermined force, in which case the blank height h n per stage n decreases continuously until a predetermined blank height is reached. The withdrawal path d of the mandrels 11 is expediently constant or increasing progressively.

Die Verdichtung wird zweckmäßigerweise über eine Steuerung 20 vorgenommen, die einerseits die Kraft, mit der die Preßplatte 14 auf den Formstoff F jeweils einwirkt, und andererseits den Rückzugsweg d der Dorne 11 steuert.The compression is expediently carried out by means of a control 20, which on the one hand controls the force with which the pressing plate 14 acts on the molding material F, and on the other hand, the return path d of the mandrels 11.

Die sich ergebende Rohlingshöhe kann jeweils über deren direkte oder indirekte Messung etwa mittels eines Positionssensors 21 für den Preßstempel 4 bzw. eines damit bewegten Bauteils bestimmt und die Füllmenge für die Fülleinrichtung 8 entsprechend bemessen werden, so daß sich nach dem Verdichten eine vorbestimmte Rohlingshöhe hn ergibt.The resulting blank height can be determined in each case via their direct or indirect measurement, for example by means of a position sensor 21 for the ram 4 or a moving component and the filling amount for the filling device 8 are dimensioned accordingly, so that after compacting a predetermined blank height h n results.

Sollten sich beim Verdichten die Dorne 11 verklemmen (dies kann durch Überschreiten eines Schwellenwertes durch die Zugkraft des Hubstempels 4 mittels eines entsprechenden Drucksensors festgestellt werden), kann dem durch Rütteln mittels des Rüttlers 16 und/oder 17 entgegengewirkt werden.Should the mandrels 11 jam during compression (this can be determined by exceeding a threshold value by the tensile force of the Hubstempels 4 by means of a corresponding pressure sensor), this can be counteracted by shaking the vibrator 16 and / or 17.

Als Formstoff F kommen insbesondere hydraulisch aushärtende Mischungen infrage, die als Bindemittel Zement, Kalk, Flugasche od.dgl., gegebenenfalls in Mischung, und Zuschlagstoffe wie Quarzsand, Split oder insbesondere Leichtzuschlagstoffe wie Naturbims, Blähton, Tuffe, gegebenenfalls in Mischung, enthalten.Particularly suitable as molding material F are hydraulically curing mixtures which contain cement, lime, fly ash or the like as a binder, optionally mixed, and aggregates such as quartz sand, split or, in particular, lightweight aggregates such as natural pumice, expanded clay, tuff, optionally in admixture.

Claims (8)

  1. Method of producing hollow building blocks, in which there are used a compression mould (6), which is open at the top and has spikes (11) raisable above the height of the compression mould (6), and a compression plate (14) which is introducible into the compression mould (6) and into which the spikes (11) are able to pass from below, wherein after the compression mould (6) has been filled with a granular moulding material (F) the spikes (11) are raised above the height of the compression mould (6) until they pass into the compression plate (14) and thereafter the moulding material (F) is compacted by introduction of the compression plate (14) into the compression mould (6), with withdrawal of the spikes (11), characterized in that during the compaction the compression plate (14) and the spikes (11) are alternately moved downwards in a plurality of steps.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the spikes (11) are being raised above the height of the compression mould (6), the moulding material (F) is vibrated.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compression plate (14) acts on the moulding material with the same compression force in each step.
  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spikes (11) are moved downwards by the same distance in each step.
  5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spikes (11) are moved downwards with an increasing distance from step to step.
  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the height of the resulting green body is measured and the amount of moulding material (F) to be introduced into the compression mould (6) is determined in accordance with the measured value in order to obtain a green body of predetermined height.
  7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that if the spikes (11) become jammed, the moulding material (F) is vibrated.
  8. Apparatus for the production of hollow building blocks, having a compression mould (6), which is open at the top and has spikes (11) raisable above the height of the compression mould (6), and having a compression plate (14) which is introducible into the compression mould (6) and into which the spikes (11) are able to pass from below, wherein after the compression mould (6) has been filled with a granular moulding material (F) the spikes (11) are raisable above the height of the compression mould (6) until they pass into the compression plate (14) and thereafter the moulding material (F) is compactable by introduction of the compression plate (14) into the compression mould (6), with withdrawal of the spikes (11), characterized in that a control means (20) is provided, by means of which the compression plate (14) and the spikes (11) are alternately movable downwards in a plurality of steps during the compaction.
EP06706224A 2005-01-19 2006-01-13 Method and device for production of hollow bricks Not-in-force EP1838507B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005002497A DE102005002497B3 (en) 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 Method and device for producing hollow building blocks
PCT/EP2006/000263 WO2006077053A1 (en) 2005-01-19 2006-01-13 Method and device for production of hollow bricks

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1838507A1 EP1838507A1 (en) 2007-10-03
EP1838507B1 true EP1838507B1 (en) 2009-11-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06706224A Not-in-force EP1838507B1 (en) 2005-01-19 2006-01-13 Method and device for production of hollow bricks

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1838507B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE448064T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005002497B3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006077053A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102717422A (en) * 2012-06-11 2012-10-10 靳光明 Small-sized brick press

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104128985A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-11-05 浙江立鑫高温耐火材料有限公司 Compacting die for refractory brick
CN104149168A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-11-19 浙江立鑫高温耐火材料有限公司 Pressing die for refractory bricks
CN104972546A (en) * 2015-06-29 2015-10-14 句容泰博尔机械制造有限公司 Movable single-die brick making machine
CN105690542B (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-11-03 哈尔滨工业大学 Building block processing unit (plant) is used in one kind experiment
CN112621991A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-04-09 临泉县睿鑫建材有限公司 Processing die for hollow brick production

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT402375B (en) * 1994-10-14 1997-04-25 Kranzinger Norbert METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW BLOCKS
DE19533903C1 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-04-03 Netzsch Erich Holding Press especially for ceramic pulp

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102717422A (en) * 2012-06-11 2012-10-10 靳光明 Small-sized brick press
CN102717422B (en) * 2012-06-11 2014-07-30 靳光明 Small-sized brick press

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE448064T1 (en) 2009-11-15
DE502006005334D1 (en) 2009-12-24
EP1838507A1 (en) 2007-10-03
WO2006077053A1 (en) 2006-07-27
DE102005002497B3 (en) 2006-06-01

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