EP1897108B1 - Electrical switching device comprising magnetic displacement elements for a switching element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electrical switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.

document US 4 039 985 A describes an electrical switching device in the form of a reed relay, in which a switching element made of magnetic material between two mating contact elements of non-magnetic material is arranged. On the side next to the mating contact elements, a holding magnet is attached in each case. Another, movably mounted magnet causes by its movement, for example, a move towards a holding magnet or away from a holding magnet, an increased attraction of the switching element to one side. The switching element is thus to the mating contact element, which is on the side of stronger magnetic field, moved and held by the holding magnet there.

Also the DE 23 04 775 A1 shows a switchable by magnetic energy switch. Here, two permanent magnets with the surfaces of the unlike poles are arranged at a distance opposite. Between the two magnets is a contact pair, which can be closed by a freely movable anchor. By a wire winding, a magnetic field and thus a polarization of the armature is effected. Depending on the direction of polarization, the armature is moved towards the one or other permanent magnet and a contact between the contact pair is closed. The switching process can also be triggered by a common displacement of the two permanent magnets perpendicular to the plane of the contact pairs.

A switching device of this kind is in the DE 101 03 814 A1 described. This switching device is used in particular to switch a power line for a high-frequency attenuator via different damping elements. For this purpose, it has an elongated and preferably flat Switching element which is movable transversely to its longitudinal direction by an adjusting element and is thereby brought with a contact surface at one end selectively out of contact or in contact with a mating contact surface. In the contact position, the conduction of the electrical current at the contact surfaces is dependent inter alia on the contact surface and the mating contact surface. Impurities or particles can significantly affect the power line, especially if the impurities or particles are made of electrically non-conductive material.

Particularly important is a fault-free power line in attenuator lines, which is used as a reference in attenuation settings e.g. of signal generators or network analyzers. Emissivity lines have e.g. several serially arranged four-pole switching devices with input and output side equal and constant characteristic impedance and each adjustable calibrated damping and thus also precise level.

In known electrical high-frequency switching devices, as z. B. are typically used in high-frequency attenuator lines, the lateral switching movement of a switching element is achieved by means of external mechanical force by plunger, which thrust laterally against the switching element and move it. Due to the lateral pivotal movement, which executes the switching element and the linear thrusting movements of the plunger present on either side of the switching element arise in the contact region of the plunger and the switching element sliding movements, which lead to abrasion due to the resulting friction. In particular, when the switching device has a closed switching space, the risk of a contact failure by the abrasion generated by the friction is particularly large because the abrasion remains in the control room. But even with an open switch room there is a risk that the abrasion reaches between the contact surfaces and affects the electrical contact. In addition, the plunger can have negative effects on the RF behavior.

The invention has for its object to improve the transverse motion drive for the switching element in an electrical switching device of the type specified. Furthermore, friction processes and, as a result, the risk of damage to the electrical contact due to abrasion should be eliminated or at least reduced. In particular, the formation of abrasion in the vicinity of the contact surfaces should be avoided or at least reduced. In addition, a non-contact transverse movement of the switching element should be possible, preferably in a closed and in particular hermetically sealed or sealed housing. In addition, a simple construction should be created.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The invention is based on the finding that in a switching movement drive of the switching element with magnetic forces there is no need for mechanical movement drive contact between the switching element and the adjusting elements and therefore generated at with magnetic forces Switching movements of the switching element no mechanical contact is present and therefore therebetween neither a sliding friction takes place nor a resulting abrasion is generated.

The invention is further based on the finding that the effectiveness of the magnetic force of a magnet in dependence on the size of the distance between the magnet and a magnetic force detected by the element is variable and decreases with increasing distance and increases with decreasing distance.

In the switching device according to the invention, the switching element consists at least partially of magnetic material, and the adjusting elements are each formed by at least one magnet. As a result, the force acting on the switching element magnetic force of the respective magnet by its forward movement to the switching element so far that it exceeds the switching element effective magnetic force of the opposite other magnet and attracts the switching element from the magnetic attraction region of the opposite magnet to the advancing magnet and the associated Moved counter contact element.

A corresponding switching function is achieved when the opposite other magnet is advanced towards the switching element.

In this case, the magnetic force acting on the switching element of the non-advanced magnet can be reduced by an increase in the distance between it and the switching element in both aforementioned switching cases. As a result, the effectiveness of the magnetic force of the advancing magnet is increased and the switching of the switching element to the associated mating contact element amplified.

The switching function can be further improved or simplified if the non-advanced magnet is simultaneously moved away or moved backward by the switching element, which reduces its magnetic force acting on the switching element and therefore the effectiveness of the magnetic force of the advancing magnet is increased. It is therefore advantageous to simultaneously move both opposing magnets in the same transverse direction, which increases the effectiveness of the magnetic force of the Verstellmagnets moving towards the switching element and reduces the effectiveness of moving away from the switching element magnet. Such a movement drive for the magnets can be easily configured in that the magnets are connected to each other by a coupling member or are arranged on a common transversely movable slide.

In one switching operation, one of the two magnets thus fulfills by its forward movement the switching function, i. the movement of the switching element to the respective mating contact element and the contact holding function on the mating contact element, wherein the effectiveness of the magnet, which is opposite to the mating contact element to be contacted, is reduced or canceled by the travel or return movement.

In the switching device according to the invention, a contactless switching takes place. During the movement of the switching element as far as the mating contact element, there is therefore no mechanical sliding friction nor is there any resulting abrasion, so that the electrical contact remains unimpaired in this respect.

The invention is characterized in each case by a simple configuration, which can be realized in a small construction, because it requires no mechanical connection between the switching element and the magnet. Due to the lack of a mechanical connection, the embodiments according to the invention with respect to the distances between the switching element and the adjusting elements are variable and adaptable, so that they are in simple and advantageous to integrate into existing designs.

It contributes to a substantial simplification of the switching device, when the magnets are each formed by a permanent magnet.

The embodiments of the invention are also very advantageous in combination with a leaf spring-shaped switching element whose broad sides are facing the respectively associated magnet. In this case, the switching element may have the dimensions of a thin film, so that the switching element with low movement forces in the direction of the respective opposite mating contact element is movable and durable in contact.

In this case, the switching element does not need to be moved directly against the respectively associated magnet. Even if a sufficient distance between the switching element and the magnet is present in the contact position, the contact holding function is ensured at a sufficient magnetic force of the magnet.

The embodiment of the invention is also particularly suitable for a switching device in which the switching elements are arranged in a preferably sealed shelter of a housing, which eliminates bushings for mechanical adjustment.

It further contributes to a simple, small and inexpensive construction when, with respect to a transverse plane, two switching elements with their mutually facing contact ends are arranged opposite each other in a longitudinal distance and transversely against a z. B. common counter contact element are movable.

For an adjustment or switching function, it is sufficient if two magnets are arranged opposite one another on both sides of the switching element. To increase the magnetic forces acting on the switching element, a plurality of magnets, in particular in each case a Verstellmagnet pair, arranged on both sides of the switching element, wherein the opposing magnets of each pair must be of the same polarity. In this case, the two magnets of each pair may have a distance from each other, which is preferably about equal to or greater than a central plane of movement of the switching element, as the width of the preferably flat tongue-shaped switching element.

In a further development of the invention, with a plurality of magnets on each side of the switching element, it is advantageous for simplifying the construction to connect all the magnets together through the coupling element or to arrange them on a common slider, so that the magnets form a movement unit.

It is furthermore advantageous to assign a preferably common motion drive to the magnet or pairs of magnets, preferably each with an electric drive motor. By an associated control device, the switching functions can thereby mechanize. As an electric drive motor, an electromagnet is particularly advantageous, which causes by magnetic forces the desired movement of the respective at least one magnet or a plurality of magnets comprising movement unit. In such a magnetic drive can also be by a corresponding Polanordnung or Polumschaltung generate attractive and repulsive magnetic forces, with two electromagnets can simultaneously generate the respective drive movement in a gain or doubling the driving forces.

Further developments of the invention lead to simple construction and mounting features that ensure a small and durable construction and trouble-free and safe operation and contacting.

Fig. 1

mehrere elektrische Schaltvorrichtungen in Reihenanordnung jeweils in einer Schaltstellung in prinzipieller Darstellung;

Fig. 2

eine Schaltvorrichtung im Schnitt II-II in Fig. 1 in nicht erfindungsgemäßer Ausgestaltung;

Fig. 3

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung im Schnitt II-II in Fig. 1 in abgewandelter Ausgestaltung;

Fig. 4

die erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung nach Fig. 3 in der Draufsicht;

Fig. 5

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in weiter abgewandelter Ausgestaltung in perspektivischer Draufsicht;

Fig. 6

den Schnitt VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in weiter abgewandelter Ausgestaltung in perspektivischer Draufsicht;

Fig. 8

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung im vertikalen Querschnitt in abgewandelter Ausgestaltung und in einer ihrer beiden Schaltstellungen;

Fig. 9

die Schaltvorrichtung nach Fig. 8 in der Draufsicht;

Fig. 10

die Schaltvorrichtung nach Fig. 8 in ihrer anderen Schaltstellung;

Fig. 11

die Schaltvorrichtung nach Fig. 10 in der Draufsicht;

Fig. 12

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in weiter abgewandelter Ausgestaltung und in perspektivischer Darstellung;

Fig. 13

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in weiter abgewandelter Ausgestaltung und in perspektivischer Darstellung, und

Fig. 14

eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in weiter abgewandelter Ausgestaltung und in perspektivischer Darstellung.

Below, advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments and drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a plurality of electrical switching devices in a row arrangement, each in a switching position in a basic representation;

Fig. 2

a switching device in section II-II in Fig. 1 in not inventive design;

Fig. 3

a switching device according to the invention in section II-II in Fig. 1 in a modified embodiment;

Fig. 4

according to the switching device according to the invention Fig. 3 in the plan view;

Fig. 5

a switching device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment in a perspective plan view;

Fig. 6

the section VI-VI in Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a switching device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment in a perspective plan view;

Fig. 8

a switching device according to the invention in vertical cross section in a modified embodiment and in one of its two switching positions;

Fig. 9

the switching device after Fig. 8 in the plan view;

Fig. 10

the switching device after Fig. 8 in their other switching position;

Fig. 11

the switching device after Fig. 10 in the plan view;

Fig. 12

a switching device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment and in perspective view;

Fig. 13

a switching device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment and in perspective, and

Fig. 14

a switching device according to the invention in a further modified embodiment and in perspective view.

The drawing shows a plurality of switching devices, designated in their entirety by 1, whose electrically interconnectable line sections form the longitudinal sections of an electrical line 2 and each have a switch 3 with a switching element 4 which can be moved back and forth transversely to the electrical line 2 and which serves to to open or close the line 2. The switching element 4 is an elongate element which is connected at its base end 5 permanently connected to the line 2 and at its other end a contact end 6, with which it after a transverse movement in its contact position at one of two transversely at a distance mutually fixedly arranged mating contact elements 7a, 7b is present. An open position can result in the hinted center position in which the contact end 6 has a lateral distance from the mating contact elements 7a, 7b.

The mating contact elements 7a, 7b are held stationary, z. B. at a only in Fig. 2 illustrated base 11, and they may be formed by the ends of power sections, the z. B. are formed by flat and upright strips arranged.

In the exemplary embodiment, the at least one switching device 1 is part of a so-called attenuation line with parallel switchable attenuator sections 2a, 2b, which are connected to the mating contact elements 7a, 7b and can be selectively switched, wherein at least one attenuator section is attenuated and forms a damping line.

In Fig. 1 Left and right each formed by four switches 3 four-pin attenuator shown with two Eichleitungsabschnitten 2a, 2b and two preferably identical switching elements 4, on both sides of a transversely to the electrical line 2 and approximately centrally between the mating contact elements 7a, 7b extending transverse plane 8 are arranged mirror images of each other, so that their contact ends 6 are directed towards each other, which are each arranged between two laterally spaced mating contact elements 7a, 7b and are selectively movable against one or the other mating contact element 7a, 7b. Since the on both sides of the transverse plane 8 arranged in mirror image switching devices 1 are substantially equal, only one of the two left of the transverse plane 8 arranged switching devices 1 will be described in the following.

The switching element 4 is preferably laterally elastically bendable, with its base end 5 held on a holder 9 is on one in Fig. 2 shown first base 11 is attached. As a flexible switching element 4, a spring tongue in the form of a flat strip is particularly well, in Fig. 1 is shown in plan view, so that its narrow side is visible and its two opposite broad sides facing the counter contact element 7a, 7b. The flat strip may also be formed by a thin film whose thickness z. B. is less than about 1/10 mm and can be only a few microns.

According to a first non-inventive embodiment of the invention is to perform a switching operation in which the switching element 4 is moved laterally to the one or the other mating contact element 7a, 7b, respectively on each side of the switching element 4, a first adjustment or switching magnet 12, 13, which is each mounted transversely displaceably in an associated transverse guide 14 and thus in the direction of the switching element 4 and back again. As Fig. 2 shows, the magnets 12, 13 with respect to the central pivot plane 16 of the switching element or 4 arranged centrally on both sides, so that the pole axes of the magnets 12, 13 intersecting central axes are arranged in the central pivot plane 16.

The magnets 12, 13 are preferably arranged behind the mating contact elements 7a, 7b, wherein they can have a transverse spacing a from these. The height h of the magnets 12, 13 extending transversely to the pivoting plane 16 of the switching element or elements 4 is greater than the width b of the switching element or elements 4, so that in the case of a preferably elevational arrangement the magnets 12, 13 both narrow sides of the or Overhang adjusting elements 4, see Fig. 2 ,

The magnets 12, 13 are preferably jointly adjustable in the sense of a movement unit 10. For this purpose, they can be connected by a coupling element. As is the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and 2 clearly shows the magnets 12, 13 are arranged on a transversely extending slide 15, which is mounted transversely displaceably in the guide 14 and forms a movement unit with the magnets 12, 13. The guide 14 may be disposed on or on the first base 11.

The magnets 12, 13 are arranged substantially centrally with respect to the transverse plane 8, their length L 1 extending in the longitudinal direction of the line 2 being so large that they overlap sufficiently large end portions of the facing switching elements 4. It is advantageous that the magnets 12, 13 and the mating contact elements 7a, 7b project beyond, as shown in the embodiments. The length of the mating contact elements 7a, 7b is denoted by L2.

In Fig. 1 show the arranged in the right half of the switching devices 1, the common magnet 12 in its forward in the direction of the switching elements 4 foremost position in which the magnet 12 is applied to the mating contact elements 7a or may have a transverse distance thereof. The opposite magnet 13 is located in its most remote from the mating contact elements 7b position.

The magnetic force of the magnets 12, 13, which is substantially the same in the exemplary embodiments, is in each case so large that, at least in the position closest to the switching elements 4, taking into account the lateral spacing of the respective magnets 12, 13, the switching elements 4 are actuated by the magnetic force M 1 of FIG attracted to the closest magnets 12, 13 and pulled against the mating contact elements 7a and held in this contact position.

It should be noted that in each case during the advancing of a magnet 12, 13, which is to bring about a switching operation, the force acting on the switching element 4 magnetic force M1 of the other magnet or the Switching elements 4 pulls itself and holds on the associated mating contact element. It should also be noted that when advancing the one magnet 12, 13 of the other magnet 12, 13 is moved away from at least one switching element 4, because the switching element due to its abutment against the mating contact element 7 a, 7 b can not follow the other magnet and therefore the on Switching element 4 effective magnetic force M1 of the other magnet decreases with increasing movement, which increases the effective magnetic force M1 of a magnet 12, 13.

The distance w between the magnets 12, 13, the distance x between the mating contact elements 7a, 7b and the transverse movement or stroke length L3 of the magnets 12, 13 or the movement unit 10 are dimensioned so large that in the stroke end position of the advanced magnet 12th 13 whose distance y from the surface of the mating contact element 7a, 7b arranged facing away from it is smaller than the distance z of the retracted magnet 12, 13 from the surface of this mating contact element 7a, 7b facing away from it. As a result, due to the respectively smaller distance y in comparison to the greater distance z, it is ensured that the magnetic force M1 of the advanced magnet 12, 13 acting on the contact element 4 is greater than the magnetic force M1 of the retracted magnet 12, 13 acting on the switching element or elements 4 , And therefore, the switching of the switching elements or 4 takes place to the advancing magnet 12, 13 towards and against the associated mating contact elements 7b. If the switching element 4 has a restoring force, the distance y can also be selected larger than the distance z, as long as the sum of the restoring force and the magnetic force M1 of the advancing magnet is greater than the magnetic force M1 of the magnet moved back.

For switching the switching elements 4 in a switching position according to Fig. 1 right to the mating contact elements 7b out of the magnet 13 according to the Presentation in Fig. 1 moved forward in the direction of the switching elements 4, wherein at the same time the magnet 12 is moved back and thereby receives the force acting on the switching elements 4 magnetic force M1 of the magnet 13 is a size sufficient to attract the switching elements 4 to the magnet 13 and against the mating contact elements 7b.

To increase the effective on the switching elements 4 magnetic forces M1 are on each side of the switching elements 4 more, z. B. two, adjusting magnets 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b arranged. According to the embodiment Fig. 3 and the following in which the same or comparable parts are provided with the same reference numerals, two adjusting magnets 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b on both sides of the central pivot plane 16 of the switching elements 4, z. B. symmetrically thereto, arranged, wherein each located on one side adjusting magnets 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b facing each other with the same poles, z. B. with their south poles S, as shown in the embodiments. The distance b between each arranged on one side of the adjusting magnets of a pair of magnets is about equal to or greater than the width c of preferably identical switching elements 4. In the arrangement of magnetic pairs in the pivoting range of the switching elements 4 each have a common magnetic force M2 , which is a resultant magnetic force of the two Verstellmagnete 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b, the magnetic field lines, not shown, are bundled in the region of the distance b.

Although each arranged with respect to the transverse axis 8 magnet pair 12a, 12b is disposed behind the mating contact elements 7a, 7b, it is advantageous to ensure a good course of the magnetic lines of force to arrange the magnets 12a, 12b of this pair of magnets at a distance b, equal to or greater is, as the width c of the or the switching elements 4. This results in a distance d between the facing sides of the Magnets and one of the narrow sides of the switching elements or 4 containing level.

Also in the embodiments with Verstellmagnet pairs the adjusting magnets 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b are connected together to form a common movement unit. This is in 3 and 4 not shown with respect to the adjusting magnets 12b and 13b.

According to the embodiment FIGS. 5 and 6 the superimposed adjusting magnets 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b arranged on superimposed slide parts 15a, 15b, wherein they can be recessed in recesses 17a, 17b in the slide parts 15a, 15b at least partially sunk. There is a mechanical connection between the slide parts 15a, 15b, which are in FIGS. 5 and 6 not shown. In this embodiment, the contact elements of the two switching devices 3 are arranged protected in the interior of a box formed by the slide parts 15a, 15b. The interior may be formed by a longitudinally continuous groove 22, the end each z. B. can be closed by the holder 9.

In this embodiment, the first base 11 has a base bottom 11a and a base top 11b, which may be formed by stacked plates bolted together by unshown screws inserted into holes 18. The base lower part 11a and the base upper part 11b each have, in mutually coinciding middle areas, a lower-side or upper-side recess 19a, 19b in which the slide parts 15a, 15b are accommodated. In this case, at least two of the transverse to the electrical line 2 extending wall surfaces of the recesses 19a, 19b form the guide, wherein the also transversely extending dimension of the recesses 19a, 19b at least by the desired transverse movement length L3 is greater than the associated transverse dimension of the slide parts 15a, 15b, so that the adjusting magnets 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b or magnetic pairs can perform a sufficiently large transverse movement in order to achieve the aforementioned magnetic force effects. The with respect to the longitudinal center plane 14 transversely offset boundary surfaces of the recesses 19a, 19b may be arranged at such a distance from each other that they form stops to limit the transverse movement of the magnets 12, 13 or the slide parts 15a, 15b.

The electrical line 2 with the switching elements 4 may be in the between the base parts 11 a, 11 b or in one of the base parts 15 a ( Fig. 5 ) or 15b ( Fig. 6 ) extending longitudinal groove 22 whose vertical dimension g is slightly greater than the upright width d of the switching elements 4, in order to ensure a sufficient movement play for them. The holders 9 are arranged in the end regions of the longitudinal groove 22, wherein the longitudinal groove itself can be located in the upper and / or lower base part 11a, 11b.

The embodiment according to Fig. 7 shows an advantageous construction for the mechanical connection between the slide parts 15a, 15b. This construction has a frame 21 which overlaps the slide parts 15a, 15b and the first base 11, preferably quadrangular, which may consist of two horizontal and two vertical frame parts which may be screwed together, as illustrated by knitting point lines. The slide parts 15a, 15b may, for. B. be attached directly to the mutually facing sides of the horizontal frame portions 21 a. The transverse distance f between the vertical frame sections 21b is greater than the transverse dimension of the base 11 at least by the transverse movement length L3, whereby a corresponding transverse movement L3 of the movement unit 10 is ensured.

For the purpose of mechanization of the transverse movement of the adjusting magnets 12, 13 or the magnet pairs 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b or the movement unit formed with these 10, it is advantageous to provide a transverse movement drive 23 with a preferably electric drive motor 24, in which it is z. B. may be an electromagnet 24a, which consists of a ferromagnetic core and an electric coil surrounding it. The or the drive motors 24 may, for. B. be supported on the base 11. According to the embodiment 8 to 11 in which the adjusting magnets 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b and the slide parts 15a, 15b form the moving unit 10, a drive motor 24 is sufficient to accomplish the reciprocating movement of the moving unit 10. In the case of an electromagnet 24a, this can be done in the one direction of movement by magnetic force and in the other transverse direction of movement by a return spring, not shown, or also by magnetic force after electrical reversal of the electromagnet 24a. In a transverse magnetic drive 23, the core of the drives 24 is formed of a ferromagnetic material and serves to hold the moving unit 10 by attracting the magnets 12, 13, 12 a, 12 b, 13 a, 13 b.

The 8 to 11 show two arranged on each side of the moving unit 10 electromagnets 24a, which are formed and electrically umpolbar that acts one electromagnet by magnetic attraction and the other electromagnet by magnetic repulsion. For a directed in one or the other direction of movement transverse movement requires only a momentary surge in order to supply the electromagnets with electrical energy and to carry out the respective transverse movement. In 8 and 9 The movement unit 10 is in its rightward-moving end position, in which it has been moved by the right electromagnet 24a by magnetic attraction and by the left electromagnet 24a by magnetic repulsion. In this case, the switching elements 4 have been moved by the magnetic force of the left pair of magnets 12a, 12b to the left against the mating contact elements 7a, and they are by the magnetic force in maintained continuous contact with the mating contact elements 7a. The switching of the movement unit 10 in the in 10 and 11 shown switching position is reversed accordingly.

The embodiment according to Fig. 12 shows a the basic embodiment according to 8 to 11 containing construction in perspective view, wherein also like parts are provided with the same reference numerals. The design and arrangement of the switching device 1 according to Fig. 7 is in the embodiment according to Fig. 12 integrated, but with the difference that one or both side frame portions 21b is annular, wherein the given through the ring shape through hole 21c taking into account a movement clearance is greater than the cross-sectional size of the drive motor 24 or the associated electromagnet 24a. As a result, the drive motor 24 or the electromagnet 24a can extend to the base or the base parts 11a, 11b, so that the magnetic force can be better utilized. Also, the ring shape of the frame portion or portions 21b contributes to better utilization of the magnetic force of the associated solenoid 24a.

In addition, a second base 25 is provided which carries the first base 11 and is preferably formed by a particular square frame 26, the transversely extending frame portions 26a are connected to the longitudinal ends of the first base 11 and the longitudinally extending frame portions 26 carry web portions 27 that carry the associated or the drive motors 24. In the exemplary embodiment, the first base 11 is seated with its longitudinal ends on the transversely extending frame portions 26a and the drive motors 24 extend approximately horizontally from the inner sides of the web portions 27. Immediately or indirectly to the longitudinally extending frame portions 26 and connecting elements 28 for the power connection of or the Drive motors 24 and electromagnet 24 a be attached.

For the purpose of setting the electromagnetic effectiveness, it is advantageous to arrange the electromagnets 24a in each case adjustable by an adjusting device 32 transversely to the longitudinal center plane 14. In the embodiment, an adjusting screw 33 is provided for this purpose, which passes through a threaded hole in an outer web 34 protruding from the frame 26 and also engages with its inner end region in the associated solenoid valve 24a or the inner web part 27 in a threaded hole.

An embodiment similar to the above-described embodiment is shown in FIG Fig. 13 shown in perspective. In this embodiment, the drive motors 24 and electromagnets 24a form the transverse guide 14, wherein the annular frame portions 21b are guided transversely displaceably on the drive motors 24 and electromagnets 24a. In this case, the thus configured switching device unit on a control device 29, for. As a circuit board, and be held by extending from the control plate 29 to the drive motors 24 and electromagnet 24 a web leads 35. In this embodiment, the control plate 29 facing frame portion 21a may be at least partially sunk in a recess 36 of the control device 29 in order to reduce the design height.

For connecting the slide parts 15a, 15b with the frame portions 21a, a central z. B. round pin 21f may be provided, which engages in a pin hole in the slide parts 15a, 15b.

The embodiment according to Fig. 14 differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 13 in that only one drive motor 24 is provided in the form of an electromagnet 24a whose core 24b is C-shaped, the end portions 24d of the C-shape being coaxial with Direction of the movement by the adjusting magnets 12, 13 and the Verstellmagnet pairs 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, the slide members 15a, 15b and the frame 21 formed movement unit 10 and thereby overlap and in the above sense, a transverse guide 14 for the movable thereon Form frame sections 21b of the frame 21. There is only one coil 24c is provided which surrounds a web portion of the C-shaped core 24b, preferably the web portion which is offset transversely to the pivot plane 16 of the switching elements 4 and z. B. can be located above or below the switching device 1. In this embodiment, the control device 29 form another base part on which the coil 46c at z. B. the associated electrical lines contained ridge lines standing, suspended or transversely mounted.

In particular, for an attenuating line, a plurality of pairs of switching devices 1 arranged in mirror image with respect to the transverse plane 8 can be arranged one behind the other along the attenuating line, as it is Fig. 1 each with two and Fig. 4 with a pair of switching devices exemplarily shows.

In this case, the switching element 4 may in each case be a double switching element preferably extending in one piece beyond the holder 9, which protrudes in both longitudinal directions from the holder 9, wherein the switching elements 4a facing away from each other with further movement drives and mating contact elements 7a, 7b of co-operate with further sections of the attenuator line.

In order to protect the cooperating contact surfaces from contamination from the outside, it is advantageous to arrange at least one switching device 1 in a shelter 31 of a preferably sealed housing, which may be elongated to a plurality of longitudinally arranged one behind the other To receive switching devices 1, z. B. according to Fig. 1 ,

The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. All described and drawn elements can be combined with each other.

Claims (16)

1. An electrical switching device (1), especially a highfrequency switching device, with at least one oblong electrical switching element (4), which is disposed with one contact end (6) between two fixed-contact elements (7a, 7b) arranged at a transverse distance from one another and can be moved by two adjustment elements transversely to its longitudinal direction, optionally towards the one or the other fixed-contact element (7a, 7b),
   wherein the adjustment elements are arranged laterally alongside the switching element (4) and can be moved transversely to and fro relative to the latter, and wherein the switching element (4) at least partially comprises a magnetic material, and the adjustment elements are formed by magnets (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b),
   characterised in that
   two magnets (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b), which are arranged with reference to the movement plane (16) of the switching element or switching elements (4) at a distance (b) from one another with like poles (S) disposed opposite to one another, are arranged on each side of the switching element or switching elements (4).
2. The switching device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the magnets (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b) are permanent magnets.
3. The switching device according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the switching element (4) is capable of resilient bending in the transverse direction.
4. The switching device according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the switching element (4) is formed by a resilient tongue, of which the broad sides face towards the fixed-contact elements (7a, 7b).
5. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   two switching elements (4) are disposed opposite to one another with reference to a transverse plane (8) and can be moved with their mutually facing contact ends (6) transversely towards fixed-contact elements (7a, 7b) arranged on both sides.
6. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the longitudinal dimension of the magnets (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b) directed along the switching element or switching elements (4) is greater than their transverse dimension.
7. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the distance (b) is approximately equal to or greater than the width (c) of the switching element or switching elements (4).
8. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the magnets (12a, 13a and 12b, 13b) arranged on both sides of the movement plane (16) of the switching element or switching elements (4) are disposed respectively on the sides facing towards the movement plane of two slider components (15a, 15b), preferably each in a recess (17), wherein the slider components (15a, 15b) are connected to one another to form a movement unit (10), of which the movement lengths are preferably limited by stops.
9. The switching device according to claim 8,
   characterised in that
   the slider components (15a, 15b) are each arranged in recesses (19a, 19b) facing away from one another of a first base (11) and are mounted to be displaceable in the transverse direction.
10. The switching device according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the slider components (15a, 15b) are connected to one another by a frame (21) surrounding the base (11).
11. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the magnet pairs (12a, 13a and 12b, 13b) arranged on both sides of the switching element or switching elements (4) can each be moved transversely to and fro by a drive motor (24).
12. The switching device according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    the drive motor or drive motors (24) is or are formed respectively by an electromagnet (24a).
13. The switching device according to claim 12,
    characterised in that
    one or two electromagnets (24a) are disposed with a lateral offset relative to the switching element or switching elements (4).
14. The switching device according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the electromagnet (24a) or the electromagnets (24a) are pole-reversible.
15. The switching device according to any one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterised in that
    the drive motors (24) engage in through-passages (21c) through the annular-shaped frame portions (21b) of the frame (21)
16. The switching device according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    one or more switching devices (1) or switching-device pairs disposed in succession in the longitudinal direction is or are arranged in a protective chamber (31) of a housing (32).

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