EP1870656A2 - Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1870656A2 EP1870656A2 EP07008049A EP07008049A EP1870656A2 EP 1870656 A2 EP1870656 A2 EP 1870656A2 EP 07008049 A EP07008049 A EP 07008049A EP 07008049 A EP07008049 A EP 07008049A EP 1870656 A2 EP1870656 A2 EP 1870656A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- housing
- bundle
- heat exchanger
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/30—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing vibrations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
- F28F2280/02—Removable elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger, for example an exhaust gas heat exchanger, having the features of the preamble of the claims 1, 2, 3 or 7.
- An exhaust gas heat exchanger is out of the EP 1 348 924 A2 as well as from the EP 1 544 564 A1 known. He essentially fulfilled his task during the implementation. Recently, however, the exhaust gas mass flows, including the exhaust gas temperatures of the motor vehicle engines and consequently also the thermal loads of the exhaust gas cooler, resulting in the known, caused by excessive thermal cycling cracks and the like damage that may have the failure of the system result.
- the defined in the preamble of claim 1 heat exchanger goes out of the DE 32 42 619A1 out.
- the grid-like support structure has there the task to direct the flow in the housing or influence.
- elastic elements are provided on the support structure to compensate for certain tolerances in the housing and can, in which the tube bundle is inserted. Therefore, they consist of a suitable plastic, which is deformable over a wide range and therefore allows relatively large tolerance ranges.
- the elastic elements are attached to the support structure made of metal. Although the vibration damping properties of the elastic members may be present, they are not effective enough. In addition, especially in heat exchangers of considerable length dimension, there are others Create vibrations that are inadequately controlled with the known elastic elements.
- the object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger which can contribute to the solution of the above-mentioned problems, in particular to reduce the vibration level.
- the solution to this problem arises in a heat exchanger according to the preamble, according to the invention by the use of the characterizing features of claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or ultimately of claim 7. Because a lattice-like metallic support structure is integrally formed with elastic cantilevers that point to the inside of the housing, which are deformed against the insertion direction of the bundle in the housing and whose spring force is directed against the housing to reduce the vibration level, and because a length changes permitting or compensating device is designed and provided with elastic properties, vibrations of the bundle in the housing are significantly reduced or damped.
- the changes in length or changes in shape are induced by temperature changes that occur during operation of the heat exchanger.
- the natural frequency of the bundle is raised.
- the deformed elastic cantilevers protrude beyond its cross-sectional area before the bundle is inserted into the housing.
- When inserting the elastic cantilevers are elastically deformed against their spring force to fit into the housing and then to deploy their spring force against the inside of the housing.
- Alternative solutions suggest individual elastic, metallic cantilevers or springs, which are attached to a metallic support structure or between two metallic support structures. The inventors have come to the conclusion in the course of their investigations that it is insufficient to provide only such elastic, metallic cantilevers or springs or the like.
- the housing consists of aluminum and is preferably designed as a casting into which the bundle designed as a stainless steel soldering construction can be inserted with tube sheets provided on the tube ends and a diffuser.
- the housing has a connection flange which is matched to the diffuser, wherein the device permitting the length change has an elastic seal between the diffuser and the connection flange.
- the block arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow through the exhaust gas heat exchanger, wherein the black block arrows should symbolize the exhaust gas and the block arrows without filling color symbolize the coolant, which is a cooling liquid.
- the representation as double block arrows is intended to indicate that the media can flow through the exhaust gas heat exchanger either in countercurrent or in cocurrent.
- There are corresponding inlets / outlets 70, 80 are provided.
- the simple arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2 which point in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger, indicate the direction of insertion of the tube bundle into the housing 11 .
- the tube bundle of the heat exchanger consists of a plurality of tubes 2, which are formed in the embodiment as drawn flat tubes 2 . Each flat tube 2 contains a turbulator 3.
- the tube bundle in FIG. 1 has a plurality of (five) grid-like metallic holding devices 10, wherein (in the exemplary embodiment) only one of these was equipped in one piece with resilient cantilever arms 12 , which are arranged on opposite sides of the holding device 10 and the tube bundle.
- a corresponding number of holding devices 10 may be integrally formed with resilient cantilever arms 12 .
- springs 12b or the like may also be provided as individual parts which are to be force - and / or positively secured to the holding devices 10 .
- FIGS. 3 and 4 two exemplary embodiments have been illustrated, which show resilient, metallic cantilever arms 12 as individual parts, which are fastened in a force-locking and form-fitting manner to a lattice-type metallic holding device 10 . From the figures, in particular from Fig. 2, it is further apparent that the resilient, metallic cantilever arms 12 are deformed against the insertion direction to facilitate insertion.
- the position of the cantilever arms 12 was indicated in principle before insertion into the housing 11, not shown there on the example of a single cantilever 12 by dashed lines.
- the cantilevers 12 are on arranged opposite sides.
- the cantilevers 12 thus stand slightly farther from the imaginary center of the heat exchanger, and they are forced upon insertion of the tube bundle in the housing 11 , wherein they move toward the center resiliently, or undergo a change in shape lying in the elastic region.
- the case constructed spring force of the cantilevers 12 then acts against the housing wall and ensures by interaction with the arranged on opposite sides cantilevers 12 for corresponding reduction of the vibrations that occur during operation of the heat exchanger, for example in a motor vehicle.
- the lattice-like holding devices 10 may for example be in two parts, being pushed comb-like from opposite sides over the flat tubes 2 or they are in one piece and are then from one end of the tube bundle in the longitudinal direction to the slid position provided. In any case, the bars should extend transversely through the coolant channels 5 .
- a tube plate 30 and a collection box or a diffuser 31 is attached.
- the diffuser 31 changes the geometry on the exhaust side from a quadrangular shape on the tubesheet 30 into a round shape on the connection flange 60 (see below). All the components mentioned are made of stainless steel.
- the construction described is connected in a brazing process to form a structural unit.
- FIG. 8 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 7.
- a further flange 50 has been formed, to which the tube sheet 30 of the tube bundle and a further exhaust gas collection box 51 are attached.
- fastening means 52 are formed on the housing 11 in order to fasten the exhaust gas heat exchanger to a connection structure, not shown.
- connecting pieces 70 have also been provided on the housing 11 in order to allow the coolant to flow into or out of the coolant channels 5 of the tube bundle.
- tensioning element (s) 40 which preferably replace the resilient metallic cantilevers 12 or springs or the like but could complement them
- the tensioning element 40 may be a bolt that extends between the tubes 2 through the bundle and connects opposite housing walls. Rubber rings 41 or the like are inserted to dampen the vibrations.
- Fig. 10 shows curved springs 12b or the like elements, which are fastened between two lattice-like metallic support structures 10 . The curvature is also carried out here so that the insertion process can be performed, wherein the springs 12b yield elastically. As shown in FIG.
- the springs 12b arranged on opposite sides can also be arranged offset be, that is, not all four springs must lie in a passing through the tube bundle level. It has been found that by the proposed means the vibrations of the tube bundle in the housing are to be controlled so that fractures and / or noise developments caused thereby are avoided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, beispielsweise einen Abgaswärmetauscher, der die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs aus den Patentansprüchen 1, 2, 3 oder 7 aufweist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, for example an exhaust gas heat exchanger, having the features of the preamble of the
Ein Abgaswärmetauscher ist aus dem
Man hat auch bereits daran gearbeitet, Abgaswärmetauscher hinsichtlich ihrer Temperaturwechselbelastungsfähigkeit zu verbessern. Eine solche Lösung ist beispielsweise aus der
Der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierte Wärmetauscher geht aus der
Weiterer Stand der Technik ist in der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Schaffung eines Wärmetauschers, der einen Beitrag zur Lösung der vorstehend angerissenen Probleme, insbesondere zur Senkung des Vibrationsniveaus, leisten kann.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich bei einem Wärmetauscher gemäß dem Oberbegriff, erfindungsgemäß durch den Einsatz der kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 oder des Anspruchs 2 oder des Anspruchs 3 oder letztlich des Anspruchs 7.
Weil eine gitterartige, metallische Haltekonstruktion einstückig mit elastischen Kragarmen ausgebildet ist, die zur Innenseite des Gehäuses hinweisen, die entgegen der Einschieberichtung des Bündels in das Gehäuse verformt sind und deren Federkraft gegen das Gehäuse gerichtet ist, um das Vibrationsniveau zu reduzieren, und weil eine Längenänderungen zulassende bzw. ausgleichende Einrichtung mit elastischen Eigenschaften ausgebildet und vorgesehen ist, werden Vibrationen des Bündels im Gehäuse deutlich reduziert bzw. gedämpft. Die Längenänderungen oder Formänderungen werden durch Temperaturwechsel, die im Betrieb des Wärmetauschers auftreten, induziert. Prinzipiell wird die Eigenfrequenz des Bündels angehoben.
Die verformten elastischen Kragarme ragen - bevor das Bündel in das Gehäuse eingeschoben wird - über dessen Querschnittsfläche hinaus. Beim Einschieben werden die elastischen Kragarme entgegen ihrer Federkraft elastisch verformt, um in das Gehäuse zu passen und um dann ihre Federkraft gegen die Innenseite des Gehäuses zu entfalten.
Alternative Lösungsvorschläge sehen einzelne elastische, metallische Kragarme oder Federn vor, die an einer metallischen Haltekonstruktion oder zwischen zwei metallischen Haltekonstruktionen befestigt sind.
Die Erfinder sind im Rahmen ihrer Untersuchungen zu dem Ergebnis gekommen, dass es unzureichend ist, lediglich solche elastischen, metallischen Kragarme oder Federn oder dergleichen vorzusehen. Sie sehen deshalb zusätzlich eine Einrichtung vor, die durch Temperaturwechsel induzierte Längenänderungen des Bündels und des Gehäuses kompensiert, und sie bilden diese Einrichtung ebenfalls mit elastischen Eigenschaften aus, um die vibrationsreduzierende Eigenschaft der gesamten Vorrichtung zu befördern.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt ist vorgesehen, dass das Gehäuse aus Aluminium besteht und vorzugsweise als Gussteil ausgeführt ist, in das das als Edelstahl - Lötkonstruktion ausgeführte Bündel mit an den Rohrenden vorgesehenen Rohrböden und einem Diffusor einschiebbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger which can contribute to the solution of the above-mentioned problems, in particular to reduce the vibration level.
The solution to this problem arises in a heat exchanger according to the preamble, according to the invention by the use of the characterizing features of claim 1 or
Because a lattice-like metallic support structure is integrally formed with elastic cantilevers that point to the inside of the housing, which are deformed against the insertion direction of the bundle in the housing and whose spring force is directed against the housing to reduce the vibration level, and because a length changes permitting or compensating device is designed and provided with elastic properties, vibrations of the bundle in the housing are significantly reduced or damped. The changes in length or changes in shape are induced by temperature changes that occur during operation of the heat exchanger. In principle, the natural frequency of the bundle is raised.
The deformed elastic cantilevers protrude beyond its cross-sectional area before the bundle is inserted into the housing. When inserting the elastic cantilevers are elastically deformed against their spring force to fit into the housing and then to deploy their spring force against the inside of the housing.
Alternative solutions suggest individual elastic, metallic cantilevers or springs, which are attached to a metallic support structure or between two metallic support structures.
The inventors have come to the conclusion in the course of their investigations that it is insufficient to provide only such elastic, metallic cantilevers or springs or the like. They therefore also provide a device before, the change in temperature induced changes in length of the bundle and of the housing, and they also form this device with elastic properties to promote the vibration-reducing property of the entire device.
According to a further aspect, it is provided that the housing consists of aluminum and is preferably designed as a casting into which the bundle designed as a stainless steel soldering construction can be inserted with tube sheets provided on the tube ends and a diffuser.
Das Gehäuse weist einen mit dem Diffusor abgestimmten Anschlussflansch auf, wobei die die Längenänderung zulassende Einrichtung eine elastische Abdichtung zwischen dem Diffusor und dem Anschlussflansch besitzt.The housing has a connection flange which is matched to the diffuser, wherein the device permitting the length change has an elastic seal between the diffuser and the connection flange.
Es ist vorgesehen, dass die elastische Abdichtung entweder in wenigstens einer Nut angeordnet ist oder etwa den gesamten Bereich zwischen Diffusor und Anschlussflansch ausfüllt.
Eine weitere alternative Lösung sieht vor, dass wenigstens ein durch das Bündel hindurch sich erstreckendes Spannelement zwischen zwei gitterartigen Haltekonstruktionen angeordnet ist, um Vibrationen zu dämpfen, und dass auch bei der alternativen Lösung eine Längenänderungen zulassende Einrichtung mit elastischen Eigenschaften vorgesehen ist.
Die Rohre sind bevorzugt als Flachrohre ausgebildet, die entweder aus Paaren von Platten bestehen oder aus einem Blechstreifen hergestellt und mit einer Längsnaht verschweißt sind. Es können jedoch auch runde Rohre, die, wie in der
- Fig. 1 - Perspektivische Ansicht eines aufgeschnittenen Abgaswärmetauschers;
- Fig. 2 - Ausschnitt, der ein Stück des Rohrbündels mit einer Haltevorrichtung zeigt;
- Fig. 3 und 4 - Ähnlich der Fig. 2 jedoch mit modifizierten Haltevorrichtungen;
- Fig. 5 und 6 - Ausschnitt aus dem Wärmetauscher mit einer Spannvorrichtung;
- Fig. 7 - 9 - Ausschnitt aus dem Wärmetauscher, im Bereich der elastischen Einrichtung;
A further alternative solution provides that at least one clamping element extending through the bundle is arranged between two grid-like holding constructions in order to damp vibrations, and that in the alternative solution a length-changing device with elastic properties is also provided.
The tubes are preferably formed as flat tubes, which consist either of pairs of plates or made of a metal strip and welded to a longitudinal seam. However, it can also be round tubes, which, as in the
- Fig. 1 - Perspective view of a cut-off exhaust gas heat exchanger;
- Fig. 2 - detail showing a piece of the tube bundle with a holding device;
- Figures 3 and 4 - similar to Figure 2 but with modified holding devices.
- Fig. 5 and 6 - detail of the heat exchanger with a clamping device;
- Fig. 7 - 9 - detail of the heat exchanger, in the region of the elastic device;
Die Blockpfeile in der Fig. 1 zeigen die Durchströmung des Abgaswärmetauschers an, wobei die schwarzen Blockpfeile das Abgas symbolisieren sollen und die Blockpfeile ohne Füllfarbe symbolisieren das Kühlmittel, welches eine Kühlflüssigkeit ist. Die Darstellung als doppelte Blockpfeile soll andeuten, dass die Medien entweder im Gegenstrom oder auch im Gleichstrom den Abgaswärmetauscher durchströmen können. Es sind entsprechende Einlässe / Auslässe 70, 80 vorgesehen. Die einfachen Pfeile in den Fig. 1 und 2, die in Längsrichtung des Wärmetauschers weisen, zeigen die Einschieberichtung des Rohrbündels in das Gehäuse 11 an.
Das Rohrbündel des Wärmetauschers besteht aus einer Vielzahl von Rohren 2, die im Ausführungsbeispiel als gezogene Flachrohre 2 ausgebildet sind. Jedes Flachrohr 2 enthält einen Turbulator 3. Zwischen zwei Flachrohren 2 ist jeweils ein Kühlmittelkanal 5 angeordnet, der mit Strömungsleitelementen ausgestattet sein kann. In den Abbildungen werden keine solchen Elemente gezeigt, dafür sind jedoch die Kühlmittelkanäle 5 ziemlich flach ausgebildet. In den Ausführungsbeispielen wurden zwei Reihen 2.1 und 2.2 von Flachrohren 2 vorgesehen. Wie die Fig. 4 erkennen lässt, befinden sich in jeder Reihe jeweils sechs Flachrohre 2. Das Rohrbündel in der Fig. 1 besitzt mehrere (fünf) gitterartige metallische Haltevorrichtungen 10, wobei (im Ausführungsbeispiel) lediglich eine davon einstückig mit federnden Kragarmen 12 ausgestattet wurde, die an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Haltevorrichtung 10 bzw. des Rohrbündels angeordnet sind. Je nach Länge des Wärmetauschers und/oder nach anderen Einflussfaktoren kann eine entsprechende Anzahl von Haltevorrichtungen 10 einstückig mit federnden Kragarmen 12 ausgebildet werden. Anstelle von einstückigen Kragarmen 12 können auch Federn 12b oder dergleichen als Einzelteile vorgesehen werden, die an den Haltevorrichtungen 10 kraft - und/oder formschlüssig zu befestigen sind.
In den Fig. 3 und 4 wurden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele abgebildet, die federnde, metallische Kragarme 12 als Einzelteile zeigen, die kraft - und formschlüssig an gitterartigen, metallischen Haltevorrichtung 10 befestigt sind. Aus den Figuren, insbesondere aus Fig. 2, ist ferner ersichtlich, dass die federnden, metallischen Kragarme 12 entgegen der Einschubrichtung verformt sind, um das Einschieben zu erleichtern. In der Fig. 2 wurde die Position der Kragarme 12 vor dem Einschieben in das dort nicht gezeigte Gehäuse 11 am Beispiel eines einzigen Kragarmes 12 durch gestrichelte Linien prinzipiell angedeutet. Die Kragarme 12 sind an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angeordnet. Die Kragarme 12 stehen also etwas weiter von dem gedachten Zentrum des Wärmetauschers ab, und sie werden beim Einschieben des Rohrbündels in das Gehäuse 11 gezwängt, wobei sie sich zum Zentrum hin federnd bewegen, bzw. eine im elastischen Bereich liegende Formänderung erfahren. Die dabei aufgebaute Federkraft der Kragarme 12 wirkt dann gegen die Gehäusewand und sorgt durch Zusammenwirkung mit den an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angeordneten Kragarmen 12 für entsprechende Reduzierung der Vibrationen, die im Betrieb des Wärmetauschers, beispielsweise in einem Kraftfahrzeug, auftreten.
Unabhängig davon, ob Kragarme 12 vorgesehen werden oder nicht, können die gitterartigen Haltevorrichtungen 10 beispielsweise zweiteilig sein, wobei sie kammartig von gegenüberliegenden Seiten über die Flachrohre 2 geschoben werden oder sie sind einteilig und werden dann von einem Ende des Rohrbündels in dessen Längsrichtung bis in die vorgesehene Position geschoben. Die Gitterstäbe sollen sich jedenfalls quer durch die Kühlmittelkanäle 5 erstrecken.
An beiden Enden des Rohrbündels wird ein Rohrboden 30 und ein Sammelkasten oder ein Diffusor 31 angesetzt. Der Diffusor 31 verändert die Geometrie auf der Abgasseite von einer viereckigen Form am Rohrboden 30 in eine runde Form am Anschlussflansch 60 (siehe unten) Alle erwähnten Bestandteile werden aus Edelstahl hergestellt. Die beschriebene Konstruktion wird in einem Hartlötprozess zu einer Baueinheit verbunden. Es versteht sich allerdings, dass bei als Einzelteile vorgesehenen Federn oder dergleichen diese auch nach dem Löten an der Haltevorrichtung 10 angebracht werden können.
Die fertig gelötete Baueinheit wird dann gemäß der durch den erwähnten Pfeil angezeigten Einschubrichtung, mit dem Diffusor 31 voran, in ein Gehäuse 11 eingeschoben und fertig montiert.
Das Gehäuse 11 ist eine Gusskonstruktion aus Aluminium. Es besitzt einen Anschlussflansch 60 für das Abgas, welcher so dimensioniert ist, dass der am Rohrbündel über einen Rohrboden 30 angelötete Diffusor 31 dort hineinpasst. Ferner wurde eine Nut 61 ausgebildet, in der sich ein elastischer Dichtring oder eine andere geeignete Abdichtung 62 befindet. (Fig. 7 und 8) Die Fig. 8 zeigt dabei einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus der Fig. 7. Aus dieser Darstellung ist ersichtlich, dass sich durch Temperaturwechsel verursachte Längenänderungen durch Zulassen von Bewegungen in Längsrichtung des Rohrbündels bzw. des Gehäuses 11 ausgleichen können. Die beiden doppelten Blockpfeile in der Fig. 9 sollen das anzeigen. In der Fig. 9 wurde zur Ausbildung der elastischen Eigenschaften der Einrichtung 20 - anstelle der zwei O - Ringe 62 in der Nut 61 gemäß den Fig. 7 und 8 - der gesamte Ringspalt-Bereich zwischen dem Diffusor 31 und dem Anschlussflansch 60 mit einem elastischen Gummiring 62 oder dergleichen versehen. Hier können verbesserte elastische Eigenschaften erwartet werden. Der vorhandene Ringspalt sollte hier - in radialer Richtung gesehen - etwas größer sein als beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 7 und 8.
Die im Stand der Technik vorhandene Ausbildung von Schiebesitzen, bei denen gewöhnlich Metall auf Metall gleitet wird durch diesen Vorschlag vermieden, mit dem Ziel, das Vibrationsverhalten des Wärmetauschers zu verbessern. Wie die Fig. 8 weiter zeigt, verbleibt ein dort immer noch sichtbarer, aber tatsächlich geringfügiger ringförmiger Spalt zwischen dem Ende des Diffusors 31 und dem Flansch 60, um die elastischen Eigenschaften der O - Ringe 62 zur Schwingungsdämpfung zu nutzen.The block arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow through the exhaust gas heat exchanger, wherein the black block arrows should symbolize the exhaust gas and the block arrows without filling color symbolize the coolant, which is a cooling liquid. The representation as double block arrows is intended to indicate that the media can flow through the exhaust gas heat exchanger either in countercurrent or in cocurrent. There are corresponding inlets /
The tube bundle of the heat exchanger consists of a plurality of
In FIGS. 3 and 4, two exemplary embodiments have been illustrated, which show resilient, metallic cantilever arms 12 as individual parts, which are fastened in a force-locking and form-fitting manner to a lattice-type
Regardless of whether cantilevers 12 are provided or not, the lattice-
At both ends of the tube bundle, a
The finished soldered assembly is then inserted according to the insertion direction indicated by the mentioned arrow, with the
The
The existing in the prior art design of sliding seats, in which usually metal slides on metal is avoided by this proposal, with the aim of improving the vibration behavior of the heat exchanger. As further shown in FIG. 8, there remains a still visible but actually small annular gap between the end of the
Am anderen Ende des Gehäuses 11 ist ein weiterer Flansch 50 ausgebildet worden, an dem der Rohrboden 30 des Rohrbündels und ein weiterer Abgas-Sammelkasten 51 befestigt werden. Ferner sind am Gehäuse 11 Befestigungsmittel 52 ausgeformt, um den Abgaswärmetauscher an einer nicht gezeigten Anschlussstruktur befestigen zu können. Schließlich sind am Gehäuse 11 auch Anschlussstutzen 70 vorgesehen worden, um das Kühlmittel in die Kühlmittelkanäle 5 des Rohrbündels ein - bzw. ausströmen zu lassen.
In der Fig. 5 und 6 wird gezeigt, dass ähnliche Wirkungen auch durch den Einsatz eines (oder mehrerer) Spannelements(e) 40 erreicht werden können, die die federnden metallischen Kragarme 12 oder die Federn oder dergleichen vorzugsweise ersetzen, diese aber auch ergänzen könnten. Bei dem Spannelement 40 kann es sich um einen Bolzen handeln, der sich zwischen den Rohren 2 durch das Bündel erstreckt und gegenüberliegende Gehäusewände verbindet. Gummiringe 41 oder dergleichen werden eingefügt, um die Vibrationen zu dämpfen.
Die Fig. 10 zeigt gewölbte Federn 12b oder dergleichen Elemente, die zwischen zwei gitterartigen, metallischen Haltekonstruktionen 10 befestigt sind. Die Wölbung ist auch hier so ausgeführt, dass der Einschiebevorgang ausgeführt werden kann, wobei die Federn 12b elastisch nachgeben. Wie die Fig. 10 zeigt, können die an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angeordneten Federn 12b auch versetzt angeordnet werden, d. h., es müssen nicht alle vier Federn in einer durch das Rohrbündel hindurchgehenden Ebene liegen.
Es hat sich erwiesen, dass durch die vorgeschlagenen Mittel die Schwingungen des Rohrbündels im Gehäuse so zu beherrschen sind, dass dadurch verursachte Brüche und/oder Geräuschentwicklungen vermieden werden.At the other end of the
In Figs. 5 and 6 it is shown that similar effects can also be achieved by the use of one (or more) tensioning element (s) 40 , which preferably replace the resilient metallic cantilevers 12 or springs or the like but could complement them , The
Fig. 10 shows curved
It has been found that by the proposed means the vibrations of the tube bundle in the housing are to be controlled so that fractures and / or noise developments caused thereby are avoided.
Claims (12)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die gitterartige, metallische Haltekonstruktion (10) einstückig mit federnden Kragarmen (12a) ausgebildet ist, die entgegen der Einschieberichtung verformt sind und deren Federkraft gegen das Gehäuse (11) gerichtet ist, um das Vibrationsniveau zu reduzieren, und dass durch Temperaturwechselbelastungen induzierte Längen - oder Formänderung mittels einer Einrichtung (20) mit elastischen Eigenschaften zugelassen ist.Heat exchangers, for example, exhaust gas heat exchanger, which consists of a bundle of tubes (2) which can be inserted into a tubular housing (11); wherein the exhaust gas flows through the tubes (2) and between the tubes (2) is arranged in each case a coolant channel (5), wherein the bundle of tubes (2) has at least one grid-like holding structure (10), the bundle to the housing (11 ) is supported,
characterized in that
the grid-like metallic support structure (10) is integrally formed with resilient cantilevers (12a) deformed counter to the insertion direction and whose spring force is directed against the housing (11) to reduce the level of vibration and lengths induced by thermal cycling Form change by means (20) is permitted with elastic properties.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen zwei gitterartigen, metallischen Haltekonstruktionen (10) nach außen gewölbte metallische Federn (12b) formschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig befestigt sind, deren Federkraft gegen das Gehäuse (11) gerichtet ist, um das Vibrationsniveau zu reduzieren, und dass durch Temperaturwechselbelastungen induzierte Längen - oder Formänderung mittels einer Einrichtung (20) mit elastischen Eigenschaften zugelassen ist.Heat exchangers, for example, exhaust gas heat exchanger, which consists of a bundle of tubes (2) which can be inserted into a tubular housing (11); wherein the exhaust gas flows through the tubes (2) and between the tubes (2) is arranged in each case a coolant channel (5), wherein the bundle of tubes (2) has at least one grid-like holding structure (10), the bundle to the housing (11 ) is supported,
characterized in that
between two lattice-like metallic support structures (10) outwardly arched metallic springs (12b) are positively and / or non-positively attached, whose spring force is directed against the housing (11) to reduce the vibration level, and that by thermal cycling induced lengths - or Form change by means (20) is permitted with elastic properties.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einer gitterartigen, metallischen Haltekonstruktionen (10) nach außen gewölbte metallische Federn (12b) formschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig befestigt sind, deren Federkraft gegen das Gehäuse (11) gerichtet ist, um das Vibrationsniveau zu reduzieren, und dass durch Temperaturwechselbelastungen induzierte Längen - oder Formänderung mittels einer Einrichtung (20) mit elastischen Eigenschaften zugelassen ist.Heat exchangers, for example, exhaust gas heat exchanger, which consists of a bundle of tubes (2) which can be inserted into a tubular housing (11); wherein the exhaust gas flows through the tubes (2) and between the tubes (2) is arranged in each case a coolant channel (5), wherein the bundle of tubes (2) at least one lattice-like support structure (10) which supports the bundle to the housing (11),
characterized in that on a grid-like metallic support structures (10) outwardly arched metallic springs (12b) are positively and / or non-positively attached, whose spring force is directed against the housing (11) to reduce the vibration level, and that by thermal cycling induced length or shape change by means of a device (20) is approved with elastic properties.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
wenigstens ein durch das Bündel hindurch sich erstreckendes Spannelement (40) vorgesehen ist, um das Vibrationsniveau zu reduzieren, und dass durch Temperaturwechselbelastungen induzierte Längen - oder Formänderung mittels einer Einrichtung (20) mit elastischen Eigenschaften zugelassen ist.Heat exchangers, for example, exhaust gas heat exchanger, which consists of a bundle of tubes (2) which can be inserted into a tubular housing (11); wherein the exhaust gas flows through the tubes (2) and between the tubes (2) is arranged in each case a coolant channel (5), wherein the bundle of tubes (2) has at least one grid-like holding structure (10), the bundle to the housing (11 ) is supported,
characterized in that
at least one tensioning element (40) extending through the bundle is provided in order to reduce the vibration level, and that Thermal shock induced length or shape change by means of a device (20) is approved with elastic properties.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006028578.6A DE102006028578B4 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2006-06-22 | Heat exchangers, in particular exhaust gas heat exchangers |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1870656A2 true EP1870656A2 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
EP1870656A3 EP1870656A3 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
EP1870656B1 EP1870656B1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
Family
ID=38512470
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP07008049.4A Not-in-force EP1870656B1 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2007-04-20 | Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8033323B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1870656B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101093153B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006028578B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2425572T3 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080006398A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
EP1870656B1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
DE102006028578A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
DE102006028578B4 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
US8033323B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 |
EP1870656A3 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
ES2425572T3 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
CN101093153A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
CN101093153B (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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