EP1857567A1 - Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1857567A1 EP1857567A1 EP06113963A EP06113963A EP1857567A1 EP 1857567 A1 EP1857567 A1 EP 1857567A1 EP 06113963 A EP06113963 A EP 06113963A EP 06113963 A EP06113963 A EP 06113963A EP 1857567 A1 EP1857567 A1 EP 1857567A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- steel substrate
- steel
- zinc
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001336 glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
- B08B1/16—Rigid blades, e.g. scrapers; Flexible blades, e.g. wipers
- B08B1/165—Scrapers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
- C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/20—Other heavy metals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a steel flat product coated with a corrosion protection system, in which a zinc-based coating is applied to a steel substrate, such as steel strip or sheet, by means of hot-dip coating and an organic coating is applied to the zinc-based coating.
- metallic coatings are applied, in particular on steel sheets or strips, which are based on zinc or zinc alloys in the majority of applications.
- Such zinc or zinc alloy coatings protect due to their barrier and cathodic protection effect the corresponding coated steel sheet in practical use against corrosion.
- the corrosion resistance of zinc-coated sheets can be further improved by application of organic coatings, which in practice are generally multi-layer coating systems.
- a method for coating, for example, zinc-coated steel sheets with such a paint system is disclosed in U.S.P. WO 98/24857 described.
- the substrate surface is first cleaned.
- an inorganic and / or organic pretreatment agent is applied to the coating.
- a so-called "primer” serving as an adhesion promoter is then applied to the coating layer prepared in this way, onto which in turn one of an amine-modified epoxy resin and a crosslinking agent-containing coating material is applied by spraying, dipping, knife coating, rolling or brushing.
- the coated substrates should therefore have a good and uniform surface quality and are characterized by good formability, durability, resistance to chemical substances, corrosion and weathering resistance.
- the object of the invention was to provide a method which allows an economical production of highly corrosion-resistant and at the same time readily processable flat steel products.
- a steel substrate for example in the form of a steel sheet or strip
- a coating process the steps of which are preferably completed in continuous operation with regard to the economic efficiency of its large-scale implementation.
- the throughput speeds set in practice can be in the range from 60 to 150 m / min, depending on the respective performance and the time required for the respective processing step.
- the steel substrate is first preheated.
- DFF Direct Fired Furnace
- RTF Radiant Tube Furnace
- the maximum band temperature achieved is set to 720 ° C. to 850 ° C., depending on the steel grade.
- the steel substrate runs under exclusion of air in a zinc bath.
- it can be conducted in a manner known per se, for example, through a trunk connected to the interior of the annealing furnace and with its opening into the melt bath, into which the melt bath is passed.
- the melt bath consists of a melt which, in addition to zinc and the usual manufacturing-related impurities, has magnesium and aluminum contents.
- the composition of the melt is chosen so that forms a Zn-Mg-Al-Fe-containing metallic corrosion protection coating on the steel substrate. This has due to the distribution of the alloying elements contained in it on the one hand optimum adhesion to the steel substrate and on the other hand, a surface finish, which is suitable for direct application of an organic coating without complex pretreatment. At the same time, the coating has excellent weldability, which makes flat steel products according to the invention particularly suitable for spot welding.
- the layer structure of the coating can be formed so that in its immediately adjacent to the surface surface boundary layer whose thickness is limited to max. 10% of Total thickness of the coating is limited, the elements Mg and Al are initially enriched as oxide present. In addition, Zn oxide is present on the surface. The amount of Al enrichment on the immediate surface is at most about 1 wt%.
- the oxide layer forming on the zinc alloy coating passivates the surface and allows a direct paint connection.
- the operating parameters of the zinc dip coating according to the invention are preferably adjusted so that the thickness of the surface boundary layer is less than 5%, in particular less than 1%, of the total thickness of the metallic coating.
- the surface boundary layer is followed, to a thickness of at least 25% of the total overlay of the coating, by an intermediate layer having Al contents of not more than 0.25% by weight.
- the Al content rises to 4.5% at the boundary to the steel substrate.
- the Mg enrichment on the immediate surface of the coating is significantly greater than the Al enrichment. Mg contents of up to 10% are achieved here.
- the amount of Mg decreases over the intermediate layer and is 0.5 to 2% at a depth of about 25% of the total overlay thickness of the overlay.
- An increase of the Mg content in the direction of the steel substrate then takes place via the boundary layer. On the border with Steel substrate, the Mg content is up to 3.5%.
- the low Al content in the intermediate layer ensures a particularly good weldability and a uniform surface formation, while the alloy alloyed into the boundary layer ensures the particularly good adhesion of the coating to the steel substrate.
- the particularly good corrosion protection effect of the coating, especially with low coating thicknesses, is guaranteed by the high contents of Mg and Al in the boundary layer.
- the information on the structure of the corrosion-coating layer and its individual layers contained herein and in the claims relates to a layer profile determined by a GDOS measurement (glow discharge optical emission spectrometry).
- a GDOS measurement low discharge optical emission spectrometry
- Hubert Gräfen, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf, 1993 is a standard method for rapidly detecting a concentration profile of coatings.
- the above enumerated properties of a metallic anticorrosive coating produced according to the invention are particularly safe if the Al content of the melt bath is 0.15-0.4% by weight. It has been found that with such a relatively low Al contents of a melt bath used for carrying out the method according to the invention, the expression of the desired layer structure according to the invention can be directly influenced by a suitable adjustment of the tape immersion and / or bath temperature.
- the process according to the invention during hot dip coating ensures that high Al and Mg contents accumulate in the boundary layer of the metallic corrosion protection coating adjacent to the steel substrate, while in particular low Al contents are present in the intermediate layer.
- the difference between the temperature of the strip during immersion and the temperature of the melt bath is of particular importance.
- the inventively minimized presence of Al in the intermediate layer can be set in a safe and targeted manner.
- the Mg content of the melt bath can be limited to 0.2-2.0% by weight, in particular 0.5-1.5% by weight.
- Elements of the group Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn and rare earths can be obtained in a corrosion protection coating produced according to the invention up to a total of their contents of 0.8% by weight. be present in the coating according to the invention.
- Pb, Bi and Cd can be used to form a larger crystal structure (zinc flower), Ti, B, Si to improve the formability, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn to influence the boundary layer reactions, Sn for influencing the surface oxidation and rare earths, in particular Lanthanum and cerium, can be added to improve the flow behavior of the melt.
- the impurities which may be present in a corrosion protection coating according to the invention also include the constituents resulting from the Hot dip coating from the steel substrate in amounts in the coating, which does not affect the properties of the coating.
- the coating thickness of the coating is set to 3 - 20 microns, which corresponds to a pad weight of the metallic corrosion protection coating of 20 - 140 g / m 2 per side.
- the excellent anticorrosive effect of coatings formed according to the invention makes it possible to limit the thickness of the coating to values of 4 to 12 ⁇ m, which corresponds to a coating weight of 30 to 85 g / m 2 per side. With such thin coatings coated steel substrates can be particularly well processed.
- the stripping of superfluous coating material carried out to adjust the coating thickness can be carried out, for example, in a manner known per se by means of gas jets ejected from a nozzle scraper system.
- nitrogen is preferably used as the gas for the gas jets in order to largely suppress oxidation of the surface of the coating.
- the steel strip now provided with the zinc-based, Mg- and Al-containing metallic corrosion protection coating has been led out of the zinc bath, it is purposefully cooled.
- the final temperature reached corresponds typically to the room temperature.
- the steel substrate provided with the metallic anticorrosive coating may be subjected to temper rolling to obtain one for the subsequent coating to obtain optimum texturing of its surface.
- temper rolling Both the controlled cooling and optionally carried out temper rolling are carried out in view of the economy and the output preferably in a line and in continuous flow with the galvanizing process.
- the steel substrate coated in accordance with the invention is organically coated. This can be done in a separate coil coating plant or also be carried out inline directly after cooling or, if necessary, additionally performed skin-pass. A procedure that is continuous with the preceding step is also favorable here, because then the coating can be applied with particularly good results of work directly on the freshly produced metallic surface. In particular, in the case of an organic coating following in line with the respective previous working step, it is avoided that the metallic coating is altered by aging, lubrication or degreasing.
- the organic coating may discontinuously in a manner known per se via a separate coil coating system.
- the steel substrate provided with the coating may first be oiled after galvanizing, cooling or rolling in order to ensure temporary corrosion protection.
- Another variant is a "sealing" of the steel substrate and galvanizing.
- an up to about 2 microns thick layer of polyacrylate or polyester is applied as a simple corrosion protection and further processing aid, the u. a. can be carried out thermally or UV-curing.
- a “mild cleaning” is understood to mean a cleaning in which the surface of the metallic anticorrosive coating is mixed with a mildly alkaline cleaning agent (pH 9-10, free alkalinity up to 14) or a strongly alkaline one (pH 12-12 5, free alkalinity 5), but with a low concentration of detergent.
- a mildly alkaline cleaning agent pH 9-10, free alkalinity up to 14
- a strongly alkaline one pH 12-12 5, free alkalinity 5
- Detergents suitable for this purpose are, for example, liquids based on phosphate-containing potassium or sodium hydroxide solutions whose temperature is typically in the range from 40 to 70.degree.
- a pretreatment can be applied to the strip surface by means of spraying, dipping or with the aid of a roll coater, which passivates the metallic surface and provides adhesion between the metal coating and the paint.
- a pretreatment it is preferably a Cr Vl -free system, preferably to an entirely Crsheddings system, which is made for example Ti, Zr, P and / or Si-based. Since the native oxide layers, which adjust on the steel substrate provided with the coating, already ensure a very good passivation of the surface, however, can be completely omitted in many practical applications such pretreatment and the paint directly on the possibly only degreased metallic Substrate are applied.
- the curing of the coating by means of heat or radiation.
- hardening by radiation in particular UV radiation, is advantageous. So can when hardened by blasting to dispense with a thermal post-combustion liberated solvents.
- a plant for UV curing can be realized on a length that is significantly shorter than the length that must be provided for a required for thermal drying convection oven.
- having a metallic and an organic coating steel flat products have at lowered coating thickness over conventional coated steel substrates significantly improved protection of open cut surfaces and improved infiltration properties of cracks and cut edges on.
- the procedure of the invention using Cr VI- free pretreatment agents achieves corrosion protection properties at least as good as those of products pretreated with Cr VI- containing agents according to the prior art.
- Diag. 1 and 2 Two possible in the context of the invention sequences of the individual steps of the method according to the invention are in Diag. 1 and 2 are shown by way of example.
- the respective steel substrate (steel sheet or strip) is first preheated, then hot-dip galvanized and after an adjustment of the thickness of the metallic coating produced on the substrate nach rolled up to form an optimized surface structure with low degrees of deformation. Then one turns off a coating system formed organic primer and paint either directly applied to the metallic corrosion protection coating without intermediate cleaning and pretreatment or applied to the metallic corrosion protection coating only after a subsequent to the subsequent rolling cleaning and optionally pretreatment.
- the thickness of the superficial oxidation surface boundary layer is max. 0.2 microns and is based on the determined in a GDOS measurement layer profile in each case in the range of up to 2.7% of the total overlay thicknesses.
- the amount of Al enrichment on the immediate surface is at most about 1 wt .-%. This is followed up to a thickness of at least 25% of the total overlay of the coating, the intermediate layer with a low Al content of not more than 0.25 wt .-% of. In the boundary layer, the Al content rises to 4.5% at the boundary to the steel substrate.
- the Mg enrichment on the immediate surface of the coating is significantly greater than the Al enrichment. Mg contents of up to 20% are achieved here.
- the amount of Mg decreases over the intermediate layer and is 0.5 to 2% at a depth of about 25% of the total overlay thickness of the overlay.
- An increase of the Mg content in the direction of the steel substrate then takes place via the boundary layer. At the border to the steel substrate, the Mg content is up to 3.5%.
- the surface boundary layer is followed by the approximately 2.5 ⁇ m thick intermediate layer whose Al content is less than 0.2%.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer is therefore approximately 36% of the total overlay thickness of the respective anti-corrosion coating of 7 ⁇ m.
- the intermediate layer merges into a boundary layer on the steel substrate, in which the contents of Al, Mg and Fe have increased significantly compared to the corresponding contents of the intermediate layer.
- FIG. 1 does not show to scale a detail of a steel flat product produced and obtained in accordance with the invention in cross-section. Accordingly, on the outside in use, the corrosive attack particularly strongly exposed side A of a present as a steel sheet Steel substrate S first applied about 7.5 microns thick metallic corrosion protection coating K, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
- the surface of the anticorrosive coating K is immediate, i. without further pretreatment, applied a primer layer P.
- the layer thickness of the primer layer P is in conventional primer products at 5 microns. If so-called "thick-film primers" are used, the thickness of the primer layer P can be up to 20 ⁇ m.
- the primer layer P On the primer layer P, a resist layer L has been applied, whose thickness is about 20 microns. To prepare the paint application and shorten the total drying time, the primer layer P can be previously pretreated by means of UV rays.
- a topcoat D is applied, which is up to 17 microns thick.
- the primer layer P, the lacquer layer L and the topcoat D together form an organic coating which, in spite of the omission of a pretreatment of the surface of the anticorrosive coating K, together with the metallic anticorrosive coating K, protects the steel substrate S particularly well against corrosion.
- metallic corrosion protection coating Ki which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
- a lacquer layer Li On the surface of the Corrosion protection coating Ki is immediately applied a lacquer layer Li, whose thickness is 5 - 10 microns.
- Flat steel products of the type shown in Fig. 1 are particularly suitable for use in the field of vehicle construction.
- an approximately 5 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is initially applied to the side of the steel substrate S present as a steel sheet which is in use on the outside and is particularly exposed to corrosive attack.
- the surface of the anticorrosive coating K has first of all been subjected to a pretreatment in which a thin pretreatment layer V has remained on the anticorrosive coating K.
- a thin pretreatment layer V On the pretreatment layer V, an approximately 8 microns thick primer layer P1 is applied.
- the primer layer P1 carries an approximately 5 ⁇ m thick adhesive layer E, over which an approximately 52 ⁇ m thick composite film F applied to the adhesive layer E is glued onto the primer layer P1.
- a further primer layer P2 is applied, which in turn carries an approximately 20 microns thick topcoat layer D.
- the topcoat D forms the outer termination of the formed from the primer layer P1, the adhesive layer E, the composite film F, the primer layer P2 and the topcoat layer D organic coating system.
- an approximately 5 ⁇ m thick metallic anti-corrosion coating Ki is also initially applied, consisting essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
- the surface of the anti-corrosion coating Ki has been pretreated in this case to form a thin pretreatment layer Vi first.
- a resist layer Li which is typically 5 ⁇ m thick, has been applied.
- an approximately 10 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is first applied to the side of the steel substrate S present as a steel sheet in use on the outside, which is particularly exposed to corrosive attack.
- the surface of the anticorrosive coating K has also been subjected to a pretreatment in this case, in which a thin pretreatment layer V has remained on the anticorrosive coating K.
- an approximately 5 microns thick primer layer P is applied, which in turn carries an approximately 20 microns thick topcoat layer D.
- the topcoat D itself carries on its outer side a peelable protective film U, which protects the flat steel product during its transport and storage.
- the protective film U can also be listed as a permanently adhering film to improve the surface properties.
- an approximately 10 ⁇ m thick metallic corrosion protection coating Ki is also initially applied, consisting essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
- the surface of the anticorrosion coating Ki has also been pretreated in this case to form a thin pretreatment layer V first.
- a lacquer layer Li has been applied to the pretreatment layer V, which is typically 7-15 ⁇ m thick.
- an approximately 4 to 5 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is initially applied to the side of a steel substrate S which is exposed to corrosive attack in the outside.
- the surface of the anticorrosive coating K is immediate, i. without further pretreatment, applied an approximately 8 microns thick primer layer P.
- a so-called “structure primer” has been used here, which forms a structured, elevations and depressions having surface.
- a lacquer layer L has been applied, whose thickness is about 20 microns.
- a permanently adhering protective layer can be applied to the lacquer layer, the u. a. is used to improve the surface properties.
- an approximately 4 to 5 .mu.m thick metallic anticorrosion coating Ki is also initially applied, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
- a paint layer Li is applied, whose thickness is 7 - 10 microns.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines mit einem Korrosionsschutzsystem überzogenen Stahlflachprodukts, bei dem auf ein Stahlsubstrat, wie Stahlband oder -blech, ein zinkbasierter Überzug mittels Schmelztauchbeschichten appliziert und bei dem auf den zinkbasierten Überzug ein organischer Überzug aufgetragen wird.The invention relates to a method for producing a steel flat product coated with a corrosion protection system, in which a zinc-based coating is applied to a steel substrate, such as steel strip or sheet, by means of hot-dip coating and an organic coating is applied to the zinc-based coating.
Zur Verbesserung ihrer Beständigkeit gegen Korrosion werden insbesondere auf Stahlblechen oder -bändern metallische Überzüge aufgebracht, die in der überwiegenden Zahl der Anwendungsfälle auf Zink oder Zinklegierungen basieren. Solche Zink- bzw. Zinklegierungsüberzüge schützen aufgrund ihrer Barriere- und kathodischen Schutzwirkung das entsprechend beschichtete Stahlblech im praktischen Einsatz gut gegen Korrosion.To improve their resistance to corrosion, metallic coatings are applied, in particular on steel sheets or strips, which are based on zinc or zinc alloys in the majority of applications. Such zinc or zinc alloy coatings protect due to their barrier and cathodic protection effect the corresponding coated steel sheet in practical use against corrosion.
Die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von zinkbeschichteten Blechen durch Auftrag von organischen Beschichtungen weiter verbessert werden, bei denen es sich in der Praxis in der Regel um mehrschichtig aufgebaute Lacksysteme handelt. Ein Verfahren zum Beschichten von beispielsweise mit einem Zinküberzug versehenen Stahlblechen mit einem solchen Lacksystem ist in der
Die auch bei dem voranstehend erläuterten Stand der Technik regelmäßig bestehende Notwendigkeit einer Vorbehandlung der Überzugsoberfläche hat neben dem damit verbundenen Aufwand den besonderen Nachteil, dass die Vorbehandlungsmittel in der Regel schlecht umweltverträglich sind. Eine Möglichkeit, unter Verzicht auf eine besondere Vorbehandlung ein Lacksystem unmittelbar auf die unbehandelte Oberfläche zu applizieren, ist in der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand darin, ein Verfahren anzugeben, das eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung von hoch korrosionsbeständigen und gleichzeitig gut weiter verarbeitbaren Stahlflachprodukten ermöglicht.The object of the invention was to provide a method which allows an economical production of highly corrosion-resistant and at the same time readily processable flat steel products.
Diese Aufgabe ist bei einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines mit einem Korrosionsschutzsystem überzogenen Stahlflachprodukts, bei dem auf ein Stahlsubstrat, wie Stahlband oder -blech, ein zinkbasierter Überzug mittels Schmelztauchbeschichten appliziert und bei dem auf den zinkbasierten Überzug ein organischer Überzug aufgetragen wird, dadurch gelöst worden, dass ein solches Verfahren folgende Arbeitschritte umfasst:
- Vorwärmen des Stahlsubstrats in einem Vorwärmofen auf eine Bandtemperatur von 720 - 850 °C unter einer Schutzgasatmosphäre;
- Abkühlen des Stahlsubstrats auf eine Bandeintrittstemperatur von 400 - 600 °C;
- Schmelztauchbeschichten des Stahlsubstrats unter Luftabschluss in ein Zinkbad, das neben Zink und unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen (in Gew.-%) 0,15 - 5 % Al, 0,2 - 3 % Mg sowie wahlweise in Summe bis zu 0,8 % an einem oder mehreren Elementen aus der Gruppe "Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn sowie Seltene Erden" enthält und dessen Badtemperatur 420 - 500 °C beträgt, wobei die Differenz zwischen der Bandeintauchtemperatur und der Badtemperatur im Bereich von -20 °C bis +100 °C so variiert wird, dass auf dem Stahlsubstrat ein metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug gebildet wird, der in (in Gew.-%) 0,25 - 2,5 % Mg, 0,2 - 3,0 % Al, ≤ 4,0 % Fe, sowie wahlweise in Summe bis zu 0,8 % an einem oder mehreren Elementen aus der Gruppe "Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn sowie Seltene Erden", Rest Zink und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen enthält und der in einer Zwischenschicht, die sich zwischen einer unmittelbar an die Oberfläche des Stahlflachprodukts angrenzenden Oberflächenschicht und einer an das Stahlsubstrat angrenzenden Grenzschicht erstreckt und deren Dicke mindestens 20 % der Gesamtdicke des Korrosionsschichtüberzugs beträgt, einen Al-Gehalt von höchstens 0,5 Gew.-% aufweist;
- Einstellen der Dicke des im Schmelzenbad auf das Stahlsubstrat aufgebrachten metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs auf Werte von 3 - 20 µm je Seite durch Abstreifen überschüssigen Überzugsmaterials;
- Abkühlen des mit dem metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug versehenen Stahlsubstrats und
- Auftragen der organischen Beschichtung auf den metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug des Stahlsubstrats.
- Preheating the steel substrate in a preheating furnace to a strip temperature of 720 - 850 ° C under a protective gas atmosphere;
- Cooling the steel substrate to a strip inlet temperature of 400-600 ° C;
- Hot dip coating the steel substrate in an air-sealed zinc bath containing, in addition to zinc and unavoidable impurities (in% by weight), 0.15-5% Al, 0.2-3% Mg, and optionally up to 0.8% total of one or contains several elements from the group "Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn and rare earths" and whose bath temperature is 420-500 ° C, wherein the difference between the tape immersion temperature and the bath temperature in the range of -20 ° C to +100 ° C is varied to form on the steel substrate a metallic anticorrosive coating consisting of (in% by weight) 0.25 - 2.5% Mg, 0, 2 - 3.0% Al, ≤ 4.0% Fe, and optionally in total up to 0.8% of one or more elements from the group "Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn and rare earths ", the remainder contains zinc and unavoidable impurities and that in an intermediate layer which is between a directly adjacent to the surface of the flat steel product Ob outer layer and a boundary layer adjacent to the steel substrate and whose thickness is at least 20% of the total thickness of the corrosion layer coating, has an Al content of at most 0.5% by weight;
- Adjusting the thickness of the metallic corrosion protection coating applied to the steel substrate in the melt bath to values of 3 to 20 μm per side by stripping off excess coating material;
- Cooling the steel substrate provided with the metallic anticorrosive coating and
- Applying the organic coating to the metallic anti-corrosion coating of the steel substrate.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird ein beispielsweise in Form eines Stahlfeinblechs oder -bands vorliegendes Stahlsubstrat einem Beschichtungsprozess unterzogen, dessen Arbeitschritte im Hinblick auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit seiner großtechnischen Umsetzung vorzugsweise im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf absolviert werden. Die dabei in der Praxis eingestellten Durchlaufgeschwindigkeiten können abhängig von der jeweiligen Leistungsfähigkeit und dem Zeitbedarf für den jeweiligen Bearbeitungsschritt im Bereich von 60 - 150 m/min liegen.According to the invention, a steel substrate, for example in the form of a steel sheet or strip, is subjected to a coating process, the steps of which are preferably completed in continuous operation with regard to the economic efficiency of its large-scale implementation. The throughput speeds set in practice can be in the range from 60 to 150 m / min, depending on the respective performance and the time required for the respective processing step.
Im Zuge des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Stahlsubstrat zunächst vorgewärmt. Die Vorwärmung kann dabei beispielsweise in einem Vorwärmofen des DFF-("DFF" = Direkt Fired Furnace) oder RTF-Typs ("RTF" = Radiant Tube Furnace) durchgeführt werden. Um bei der Erwärmung eine Oxidation der Oberfläche des Stahlsubstrats zu vermeiden wird die betreffende Glühung unter Schutzgas durchgeführt, welches in an sich bekannter Weise einen Wasserstoffanteil von mindestens 3,5 Vol.-% bis typischerweise 75 Vol.-% aufweisen kann.In the course of the process according to the invention, the steel substrate is first preheated. The preheating can be carried out, for example, in a preheating furnace of the DFF ("DFF" = Direct Fired Furnace) or RTF-type ("RTF" = Radiant Tube Furnace). In order to avoid oxidation of the surface of the steel substrate during heating, the annealing in question is carried out under protective gas, which in a manner known per se can have a hydrogen content of at least 3.5% by volume to typically 75% by volume.
Um das Stahlsubstrat optimal auf den nachfolgenden Beschichtungsschritt vorzubereiten, wird die maximal erreichte Bandtemperatur je nach Stahlsorte auf 720 °C bis 850 °C eingestellt.In order to optimally prepare the steel substrate for the subsequent coating step, the maximum band temperature achieved is set to 720 ° C. to 850 ° C., depending on the steel grade.
Nach der Erwärmung läuft das Stahlsubstrat unter Luftabschluss in ein Zinkbad ein. Dazu kann es in an sich bekannter Weise beispielsweise durch einen mit dem Innenraum des Glühofens verbundenen und mit seiner Öffnung in das Schmelzenbad tauchenden Rüssel in das das Schmelzenbad geleitet werden.After heating, the steel substrate runs under exclusion of air in a zinc bath. For this purpose, it can be conducted in a manner known per se, for example, through a trunk connected to the interior of the annealing furnace and with its opening into the melt bath, into which the melt bath is passed.
Das Schmelzenbad besteht aus einer Schmelze, die neben Zink und den üblichen herstellungsbedingten Verunreinigungen Gehalte an Magnesium und Aluminium aufweist. Die Zusammensetzung der Schmelze ist dabei so gewählt, dass sich auf dem Stahlsubstrat ein Zn-Mg-Al-Fe-haltiger metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug bildet. Dieser weist aufgrund der Verteilung der in ihm enthaltenen Legierungselemente einerseits eine optimale Haftung auf dem Stahlsubstrat und andererseits eine Oberflächenbeschaffenheit auf, die für einen unmittelbaren Auftrag einer organischen Beschichtung ohne aufwändige Vorbehandlung geeignet ist. Gleichzeitig besitzt der Überzug eine hervorragende Schweißeignung, die erfindungsgemäße Stahlflachprodukte insbesondere für das Punktschweißen geeignet macht.The melt bath consists of a melt which, in addition to zinc and the usual manufacturing-related impurities, has magnesium and aluminum contents. The composition of the melt is chosen so that forms a Zn-Mg-Al-Fe-containing metallic corrosion protection coating on the steel substrate. This has due to the distribution of the alloying elements contained in it on the one hand optimum adhesion to the steel substrate and on the other hand, a surface finish, which is suitable for direct application of an organic coating without complex pretreatment. At the same time, the coating has excellent weldability, which makes flat steel products according to the invention particularly suitable for spot welding.
So kann bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens der Schichtaufbau des Überzugs so ausgebildet werden, dass in seiner unmittelbar an die Oberfläche angrenzenden Oberflächengrenzschicht, deren Dicke auf max. 10 % der Gesamtdicke des Überzugs beschränkt ist, die Elemente Mg und Al zunächst als Oxid angereichert vorhanden sind. Daneben liegt Zn-Oxid an der Oberfläche vor. Der Betrag der Al-Anreicherung an der unmittelbaren Oberfläche beträgt maximal etwa 1 Gew.-%. Die sich so auf dem Zinklegierungsüberzug ausbildende Oxidschicht passiviert die Oberfläche und erlaubt eine direkte Lackanbindung.Thus, when using the method according to the invention, the layer structure of the coating can be formed so that in its immediately adjacent to the surface surface boundary layer whose thickness is limited to max. 10% of Total thickness of the coating is limited, the elements Mg and Al are initially enriched as oxide present. In addition, Zn oxide is present on the surface. The amount of Al enrichment on the immediate surface is at most about 1 wt%. The oxide layer forming on the zinc alloy coating passivates the surface and allows a direct paint connection.
Je geringer die Oberflächengrenzschicht ist, desto besser ist die Beschichtbarkeit und Schweißeignung des im Schmelztauchverfahren hergestellten metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs. Daher werden die Betriebsparameter beim erfindungsgemäßen Zinktauchbeschichten bevorzugt so eingestellt, dass die Dicke der Oberflächengrenzschicht weniger als 5 %, insbesondere weniger als 1 %, der Gesamtdicke des metallischen Überzugs beträgt.The lower the surface boundary layer, the better the coatability and weldability of the metallic corrosion protection coating produced by the hot dip process. Therefore, the operating parameters of the zinc dip coating according to the invention are preferably adjusted so that the thickness of the surface boundary layer is less than 5%, in particular less than 1%, of the total thickness of the metallic coating.
An die Oberflächengrenzschicht schließt sich bis zu einer Dicke von mindestens 25 % der Gesamtauflage des Überzuges eine Zwischenschicht mit Al-Gehalten von maximal 0,25 Gew.-% an. In einer einerseits an die Zwischenschicht und andererseits an das Stahlsubstrat angrenzenden Grenzschicht steigt danach der Al-Gehalt bis 4,5 % an der Grenze zum Stahlsubstrat an. Die Mg-Anreicherung an der unmittelbaren Oberfläche des Überzugs ist deutlich größer als die Al-Anreicherung. Es werden hier Mg-Anteile von bis zu 10 % erreicht. Danach nimmt der Mg-Anteil über die Zwischenschicht ab und beträgt in einer Tiefe von etwa 25% der Gesamtauflagendicke des Überzuges 0,5 bis 2%. Über die Grenzschicht findet dann ein Anstieg auch des Mg-Gehaltes in Richtung des Stahlsubstrats ab. An der Grenze zum Stahlsubstrat beträgt der Mg-Gehalt bis zu 3,5 %. Der niedrige Al-Gehalt in der Zwischenschicht gewährleistet eine besonders gute Schweißeignung und eine gleichmäßige Ausbildung der Oberfläche, während das in die Grenzschicht einlegierte Fe für die besonders gute Haftung des Überzugs auf dem Stahlsubstrat sorgt. Die insbesondere auch bei geringen Überzugsdicken ebenso besonders gute Korrosionsschutzwirkung des Überzugs wird durch die hohen Gehalte an Mg und Al in der Grenzschicht garantiert.The surface boundary layer is followed, to a thickness of at least 25% of the total overlay of the coating, by an intermediate layer having Al contents of not more than 0.25% by weight. In a boundary layer adjacent to the intermediate layer on the one hand and to the steel substrate on the other hand, the Al content rises to 4.5% at the boundary to the steel substrate. The Mg enrichment on the immediate surface of the coating is significantly greater than the Al enrichment. Mg contents of up to 10% are achieved here. Thereafter, the amount of Mg decreases over the intermediate layer and is 0.5 to 2% at a depth of about 25% of the total overlay thickness of the overlay. An increase of the Mg content in the direction of the steel substrate then takes place via the boundary layer. On the border with Steel substrate, the Mg content is up to 3.5%. The low Al content in the intermediate layer ensures a particularly good weldability and a uniform surface formation, while the alloy alloyed into the boundary layer ensures the particularly good adhesion of the coating to the steel substrate. The particularly good corrosion protection effect of the coating, especially with low coating thicknesses, is guaranteed by the high contents of Mg and Al in the boundary layer.
Die hier und in den Ansprüchen enthaltenen Angaben zum Aufbau der Korrosionsüberzugsschicht und ihrer einzelnen Schichten beziehen sich auf ein mit einer GDOS-Messung (glow discharge optical emission spectrometry) ermitteltes Schichtprofil. Bei dem beispielsweise im VDI-Lexikon Werkstofftechnik, hrsg. von Hubert Gräfen, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1993 beschriebenen GDOS-Messverfahren handelt es sich um ein Standardverfahren zum schnellen Erfassen eines Konzentrationsprofils von Beschichtungen.The information on the structure of the corrosion-coating layer and its individual layers contained herein and in the claims relates to a layer profile determined by a GDOS measurement (glow discharge optical emission spectrometry). For example, in the VDI Lexicon Materials, ed. The GDOS measuring method described by Hubert Gräfen, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf, 1993 is a standard method for rapidly detecting a concentration profile of coatings.
Besonders sicher stellen sich die voranstehend aufgezählten Eigenschaften eines erfindungsgemäß erzeugten metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs ein, wenn der Al-Gehalt des Schmelzenbads 0,15 - 0,4 Gew.-% beträgt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass bei solcherart relativ niedrigen Al-Gehalten eines zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwendeten Schmelzenbades durch eine geeignete Einstellung der Bandeintauch- und / oder der Badtemperatur selbst die Ausprägung des erfindungsgemäß angestrebten Schichtaufbaus direkt beeinflusst werden kann.The above enumerated properties of a metallic anticorrosive coating produced according to the invention are particularly safe if the Al content of the melt bath is 0.15-0.4% by weight. It has been found that with such a relatively low Al contents of a melt bath used for carrying out the method according to the invention, the expression of the desired layer structure according to the invention can be directly influenced by a suitable adjustment of the tape immersion and / or bath temperature.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensführung während des Schmelztauchbeschichtens wird erreicht, dass sich in der zum Stahlsubstrat angrenzenden Grenzschicht des metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs hohe Al- und Mg-Gehalte anreichern, während in der Zwischenschicht insbesondere niedrige Al-Gehalte vorhanden sind. Dabei kommt der Differenz zwischen der Temperatur des Bandes beim Eintauchen und der Temperatur des Schmelzenbades eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Indem diese Differenz im Bereich von -20 °C bis 100 °C, bevorzugt -10 °C - 70 °C, variiert wird, lässt sich die erfindungsgemäß minimierte Anwesenheit von Al in der Zwischenschicht sicher und gezielt einstellen.The process according to the invention during hot dip coating ensures that high Al and Mg contents accumulate in the boundary layer of the metallic corrosion protection coating adjacent to the steel substrate, while in particular low Al contents are present in the intermediate layer. In this case, the difference between the temperature of the strip during immersion and the temperature of the melt bath is of particular importance. By varying this difference in the range from -20 ° C. to 100 ° C., preferably -10 ° C.-70 ° C., the inventively minimized presence of Al in the intermediate layer can be set in a safe and targeted manner.
Um die Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäß einzustellenden Schichtaufbaus des metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs weiter zu unterstützen, kann der Mg-Gehalt des Schmelzenbads auf 0,2 - 2,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,5 - 1,5 Gew.-%, beschränkt werden. Elemente aus der Gruppe Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn sowie Seltene Erden können in einem erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Korrosionsschutzüberzug bis zu einer Summe ihrer Gehalte von 0,8 Gew.-% im erfindungsgemäßen Überzug vorhanden sein. Pb, Bi und Cd können dabei zur Ausbildung einer größeren Kristallstruktur (Zinkblume), Ti, B, Si zur Verbesserung der Umformbarkeit, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn zur Beeinflussung der Grenzschichtreaktionen, Sn zur Beeinflussung der Oberflächenoxidation und seltene Erden, insbesondere Lanthan und Cer, zur Verbesserung des Fließverhaltens der Schmelze zugegeben werden. Zu den Verunreinigungen, die in einem erfindungsgemäßen Korrosionsschutzüberzug enthalten sein können, zählen auch die Bestandteile, die in Folge des Schmelztauchbeschichtens aus dem Stahlsubstrat in Mengen in den Überzug gelangen, durch die die Eigenschaften des Überzugs nicht beeinflusst werden.In order to further support the formation of the layer structure of the metallic anticorrosive coating to be set according to the invention, the Mg content of the melt bath can be limited to 0.2-2.0% by weight, in particular 0.5-1.5% by weight. Elements of the group Pb, Bi, Cd, Ti, B, Si, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Sn and rare earths can be obtained in a corrosion protection coating produced according to the invention up to a total of their contents of 0.8% by weight. be present in the coating according to the invention. Pb, Bi and Cd can be used to form a larger crystal structure (zinc flower), Ti, B, Si to improve the formability, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn to influence the boundary layer reactions, Sn for influencing the surface oxidation and rare earths, in particular Lanthanum and cerium, can be added to improve the flow behavior of the melt. The impurities which may be present in a corrosion protection coating according to the invention also include the constituents resulting from the Hot dip coating from the steel substrate in amounts in the coating, which does not affect the properties of the coating.
Nach dem Durchlaufen des Verzinkungsteils wird beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Auflagendicke des Überzugs auf 3 - 20 µm eingestellt, was einem Auflagengewicht des metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs von 20 - 140 g/m2 je Seite entspricht. Die hervorragende Korrosionsschutzwirkung erfindungsgemäß gebildeter Überzüge erlaubt es dabei, die Dicke des Überzugs auf Werte von 4 - 12 µm zu beschränken, was einem Auflagengewicht von 30 - 85 g/m2 je Seite entspricht. Mit derart dünnen Überzügen versehene Stahlsubstrate lassen sich besonders gut weiterverarbeiten.After passing through the galvanizing in the process of the invention, the coating thickness of the coating is set to 3 - 20 microns, which corresponds to a pad weight of the metallic corrosion protection coating of 20 - 140 g / m 2 per side. The excellent anticorrosive effect of coatings formed according to the invention makes it possible to limit the thickness of the coating to values of 4 to 12 μm, which corresponds to a coating weight of 30 to 85 g / m 2 per side. With such thin coatings coated steel substrates can be particularly well processed.
Das zur Einstellung der Überzugsdicke durchgeführte Abstreifen von überflüssigem Überzugsmaterial kann beispielsweise in an sich bekannter Weise mittels von einem Düsenabstreifsystem ausgebrachter Gasstrahlen durchgeführt werden. Als Gas für die Gasstrahlen wird dabei bevorzugt Stickstoff verwendet, um eine Oxidation der Oberfläche des Überzugs weitestgehend zu unterdrücken.The stripping of superfluous coating material carried out to adjust the coating thickness can be carried out, for example, in a manner known per se by means of gas jets ejected from a nozzle scraper system. In this case, nitrogen is preferably used as the gas for the gas jets in order to largely suppress oxidation of the surface of the coating.
Nachdem das nun mit dem zinkbasierten, Mg- und Al-haltigen metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug versehene Stahlband aus dem Zinkbad herausgeleitet worden ist, wird es gezielt abgekühlt. Die dabei erreichte Endtemperatur entspricht typischerweise der Raumtemperatur.After the steel strip now provided with the zinc-based, Mg- and Al-containing metallic corrosion protection coating has been led out of the zinc bath, it is purposefully cooled. The final temperature reached corresponds typically to the room temperature.
Anschließend kann das mit dem metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug versehene Stahlsubstrat einer Dressierwalzung unterzogen werden, um eine für die nachfolgende Beschichtung optimal geeignete Texturierung seiner Oberfläche zu erhalten. Sowohl die gesteuerte Abkühlung als auch die gegebenenfalls durchgeführte Dressierwalzung werden dabei im Hinblick auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit und die Ausbringung bevorzugt in einer Linie und im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf mit dem Verzinkungsprozess durchgeführt.Subsequently, the steel substrate provided with the metallic anticorrosive coating may be subjected to temper rolling to obtain one for the subsequent coating to obtain optimum texturing of its surface. Both the controlled cooling and optionally carried out temper rolling are carried out in view of the economy and the output preferably in a line and in continuous flow with the galvanizing process.
Schließlich wird das in erfindungsgemäßer Weise beschichtete Stahlsubstrat organisch beschichtet. Dies kann in einer separaten Bandbeschichtungsanlage geschehen oder ebenfalls inline direkt nach dem Abkühlen bzw. dem erforderlichenfalls zusätzlich durchgeführten Dressieren durchgeführt werden. Eine sich kontinuierlich an den jeweils vorangehenden Arbeitsschritt anschließende Verfahrensweise ist auch hier günstig, weil dann die Beschichtung mit besonders guten Arbeitsergebnissen direkt auf der frisch erzeugten metallischen Oberfläche appliziert werden kann. Insbesondere wird bei einer sich in Linie an den jeweils vorangehenden Arbeitschritt anschließenden organischen Beschichtung vermieden, dass der metallische Überzug durch Alterung, Beölung oder Entfettung verändert wird.Finally, the steel substrate coated in accordance with the invention is organically coated. This can be done in a separate coil coating plant or also be carried out inline directly after cooling or, if necessary, additionally performed skin-pass. A procedure that is continuous with the preceding step is also favorable here, because then the coating can be applied with particularly good results of work directly on the freshly produced metallic surface. In particular, in the case of an organic coating following in line with the respective previous working step, it is avoided that the metallic coating is altered by aging, lubrication or degreasing.
Grundsätzlich ist es allerdings auch denkbar, die organische Beschichtung in an sich bekannter Weise diskontinuierlich über eine separate Coil-Coating-Anlage vorzunehmen. Zu diesem Zweck kann das mit dem Überzug versehene Stahlsubstrat nach der Verzinkung, der Abkühlung oder der Walzung zunächst geölt werden, um einen temporären Korrosionsschutz zu gewährleisten.In principle, however, it is also conceivable to carry out the organic coating discontinuously in a manner known per se via a separate coil coating system. For this purpose, the steel substrate provided with the coating may first be oiled after galvanizing, cooling or rolling in order to ensure temporary corrosion protection.
Eine weitere Variante ist eine "Versiegelung" des Stahlsubstrats und der Verzinkung. Dazu wird eine bis zu ca. 2 µm dicke Schicht aus Polyacrylat oder Polyester als einfacher Korrosionsschutz und weitere Verarbeitungshilfe aufgebracht, die u. a. thermisch oder UV-härtend ausgeführt sein kann.Another variant is a "sealing" of the steel substrate and galvanizing. For this purpose, an up to about 2 microns thick layer of polyacrylate or polyester is applied as a simple corrosion protection and further processing aid, the u. a. can be carried out thermally or UV-curing.
Überraschend hat sich nämlich gezeigt, dass gerade die unmittelbar ohne Reinigung und Vorbehandlung nach dem Verzinkungsschritt vorhandene, durch weitere Behandlungsschritte unbeeinflusste Oberfläche besonders gut zum direkten Auftrag der organischen Beschichtung geeignet ist. Sofern an einer Stelle des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine Reinigung der Oberfläche des Überzugs durchgeführt wird, hat sich eine milde Reinigung als zweckmäßig erwiesen, damit die auf dem metallischen Überzug befindliche native Oxidschicht möglichst wenig angegriffen wird. Unter einer "milden Reinigung" wird in diesem Zusammenhang eine Reinigung verstanden, bei dem die Oberfläche des metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs mit einem mild alkalischen Reinigungsmittel (pH-Wert 9 - 10, freie Alkalität bis 14) oder einem stark alkalischen (pH-Wert 12 - 12,5, freie Alkalität 5), jedoch gering konzentriertem Reinigungsmittel behandelt wird. Zu diesem Zweck geeignete Reinigungsmittel sind beispielsweise Flüssigkeiten auf Basis von phosphathaltigen Kali- oder Natronlaugen, deren Temperatur typischerweise im Bereich von 40 - 70 °C liegt.Surprisingly, it has been found that it is precisely the surface present without cleaning and pretreatment after the galvanizing step, which is unaffected by further treatment steps, that is particularly well suited for the direct application of the organic coating. If a cleaning of the surface of the coating is carried out at one point of the process according to the invention, a mild cleaning has proven to be expedient, so that the native oxide layer located on the metallic coating is attacked as little as possible. In this context, a "mild cleaning" is understood to mean a cleaning in which the surface of the metallic anticorrosive coating is mixed with a mildly alkaline cleaning agent (pH 9-10, free alkalinity up to 14) or a strongly alkaline one (pH 12-12 5, free alkalinity 5), but with a low concentration of detergent. Detergents suitable for this purpose are, for example, liquids based on phosphate-containing potassium or sodium hydroxide solutions whose temperature is typically in the range from 40 to 70.degree.
Vor der Applikation des organischen Überzugs kann mittels Spritzen, Tauchen oder mit Hilfe eines Rollcoaters eine Vorbehandlung auf die Bandoberfläche aufgebracht werden, welche die metallische Oberfläche passiviert und für eine Haftungsvermittlung zwischen Metallüberzug und dem Lack sorgt. Bei dieser Vorbehandlung handelt es sich bevorzugt um ein CrVl-freies System, vorzugsweise um ein gänzlich Crfreies System, das beispielsweise auf Ti-, Zr-, P- und/oder Si-Basis hergestellt ist. Da die nativen Oxidschichten, die sich auf dem mit dem Überzug versehenen Stahlsubstrat einstellen, bereits eine sehr gute Passivierung der Oberfläche gewährleisten, kann in vielen für die Praxis wichtigen Anwendungsfällen jedoch auf eine solche Vorbehandlung vollständig verzichtet und der Lack direkt auf dem gegebenenfalls nur entfetteten metallischen Substrat appliziert werden.Before the application of the organic coating, a pretreatment can be applied to the strip surface by means of spraying, dipping or with the aid of a roll coater, which passivates the metallic surface and provides adhesion between the metal coating and the paint. With this pretreatment, it is preferably a Cr Vl -free system, preferably to an entirely Crfreies system, which is made for example Ti, Zr, P and / or Si-based. Since the native oxide layers, which adjust on the steel substrate provided with the coating, already ensure a very good passivation of the surface, however, can be completely omitted in many practical applications such pretreatment and the paint directly on the possibly only degreased metallic Substrate are applied.
Der organische Überzug kann in an sich bekannter Weise als mindestens eine Schicht (Lacke und gegebenenfalls Folien) mittels Rollcoatern, durch Spritzen, Tauchen etc. aufgebracht werden. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, einen ein- oder mehrschichtigen Aufbau auszubilden, bei dem folgende Schichten bzw. Schichtsysteme verwirklicht und gegebenenfallsj miteinander kombiniert werden:
- 1. Lack
- 2. Lack-Folie
- 3. Lack-Folie-Lack
- 4. Lack (mit und ohne Klebstoff)
- 1st varnish
- 2. paint film
- 3. Varnish foil varnish
- 4. varnish (with and without glue)
Anschließend erfolgt die Aushärtung der Beschichtung mittels Wärmezufuhr oder Strahlung. Im Hinblick auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Verfahrensführung ist dabei eine Aushärtung durch Strahlen, insbesondere UV-Strahlung, vorteilhaft. So kann bei einer Aushärtung durch Strahlen auf eine thermische Nachverbrennung freiwerdender Lösemittel verzichtet werden. Zudem lässt sich eine Anlage zur UV-Härtung auf einer Baulänge realisieren, die deutlich kürzer ist als die Länge, die für einen zur thermischen Trocknung benötigten Umluftofen vorgesehen werden muss.Subsequently, the curing of the coating by means of heat or radiation. With regard to the cost-effectiveness of the process management, hardening by radiation, in particular UV radiation, is advantageous. So can when hardened by blasting to dispense with a thermal post-combustion liberated solvents. In addition, a plant for UV curing can be realized on a length that is significantly shorter than the length that must be provided for a required for thermal drying convection oven.
Erfindungsgemäß erzeugte, eine metallische und eine organische Beschichtung aufweisende Stahlflachprodukte weisen bei abgesenkter Überzugsdicke einen gegenüber konventionell beschichteten Stahlsubstraten deutlich verbesserten Schutz von offenen Schnittflächen und verbesserte Unterwanderungseigenschaften an Ritzen und Schnittkanten auf.According to the invention produced, having a metallic and an organic coating steel flat products have at lowered coating thickness over conventional coated steel substrates significantly improved protection of open cut surfaces and improved infiltration properties of cracks and cut edges on.
Sofern eine entsprechende Vorbehandlung erforderlich ist, werden bei erfindungsgemäßer Vorgehensweise unter Verwendung von CrVI-freien Vorbehandlungsmitteln mindestens gleich gute Korrosionsschutzeigenschaften erreicht wie bei Produkten, die gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit CrVI-haltigen Mitteln vorbehandelt werden.If a corresponding pretreatment is required, the procedure of the invention using Cr VI- free pretreatment agents achieves corrosion protection properties at least as good as those of products pretreated with Cr VI- containing agents according to the prior art.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Diag. 1
- eine Abfolge der Arbeitschritte einer ersten Variante eines Verfahrens zum Herstellen eines mit einem Korrosionsschutzsystem überzogenen Stahlflachprodukts;
- Diag. 2
- eine Abfolge der Arbeitschritte einer zweiten Variante eines Verfahrens zum Herstellen eines mit einem Korrosionsschutzsystem überzogenen Stahlflachprodukts;
- Diag. 3
- eine bildliche Darstellung der durch eine GDOS-Messung ermittelten Verteilung der Gehalte an Zn, Mg, Al und Fe über die Dicke eines auf einem Stahlsubstrat aufgebrachten ersten Korrosionsschutzüberzugs;
- Diag. 4
- eine bildliche Darstellung der Verteilung der durch eine GDOS-Messung ermittelten Gehalte an Zn, Mg, Al und Fe über die Dicke eines auf einem Stahlsubstrat aufgebrachten zweiten Korrosionsschutzüberzugs.
- Fig. 1 - 4
- Schichtaufbauten von mit einem Korrosionsschutzüberzug versehenen Stahlflachprodukten.
- Diag. 1
- a sequence of operations of a first variant of a method for producing a steel flat product coated with a corrosion protection system;
- Diag. 2
- a sequence of operations of a second variant of a method for producing a with a corrosion protection system coated steel flat product;
- Diag. 3
- a pictorial representation of the determined by a GDOS measurement distribution of contents of Zn, Mg, Al and Fe over the thickness of a deposited on a steel substrate first corrosion protection coating;
- Diag. 4
- a pictorial representation of the distribution of determined by a GDOS measurement levels of Zn, Mg, Al and Fe over the thickness of a second corrosion protection coating applied to a steel substrate.
- Fig. 1 - 4th
- Layer constructions of steel flat products provided with a corrosion protection coating.
Zwei im Rahmen der Erfindung mögliche Abfolgen der einzelnen Arbeitschritte des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in Diag. 1 und 2 beispielhaft bildlich dargestellt.Two possible in the context of the invention sequences of the individual steps of the method according to the invention are in Diag. 1 and 2 are shown by way of example.
Bei der in Diag. 1 dargestellten Variante werden sämtliche Arbeitschritte im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf absolviert. Dabei wird das jeweilige Stahlsubstrat (Stahlblech oder -band) zunächst vorgewärmt, dann schmelztauchverzinkt und nach einer Einstellung der Dicke des auf dem Substrat erzeugten metallischen Überzugs zur Ausbildung einer optimierten Oberflächenstruktur mit geringen Verformungsgraden nachgewalzt. Anschließend wird ein aus einem Primer und einem Lack gebildetes organisches Beschichtungssystem entweder ohne zwischengeschaltete Reinigung und Vorbehandlung unmittelbar auf den metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug aufgetragen oder erst nach einer auf die Nachwalzung folgenden Reinigung und gegebenenfalls Vorbehandlung auf den metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug appliziert.At the in Diag. 1 variant shown all the steps are completed in a continuous run. In this case, the respective steel substrate (steel sheet or strip) is first preheated, then hot-dip galvanized and after an adjustment of the thickness of the metallic coating produced on the substrate nach rolled up to form an optimized surface structure with low degrees of deformation. Then one turns off a coating system formed organic primer and paint either directly applied to the metallic corrosion protection coating without intermediate cleaning and pretreatment or applied to the metallic corrosion protection coating only after a subsequent to the subsequent rolling cleaning and optionally pretreatment.
Beim in Diag. 2 dargestellten Verfahrensablauf werden die Arbeitschritte "Vorwärmen", "Verzinken", "Dickeneinstellung" und "Nachwalzen" wie beim in Diag. 1 dargestellten Verfahren im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf absolviert. Anschließend wird das nach dem Nachwalzen erhaltene, mit dem Korrosionsschutzüberzug versehene Stahlsubstrat jedoch zunächst zwischenlagert, bevor es nach einer Reinigung seiner mit dem organischen Überzug zu versehenen Oberfläche in einer separaten Beschichtungsanlage mit dem aus Primer und Lack gebildeten organischen Beschichtungssystem beschichtet wird. Um während der Wartezeit die zu organisch zu beschichtende Oberfläche des metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs selbst vor Korrosion zu schützen, kann der metallische Korrosionsschutzüberzug nach dem Nachwalzen geölt oder "versiegelt" werden.When in Diag. 2 process shown are the steps "preheating", "galvanizing", "thickness adjustment" and "Nachwalzen" as in Diag. 1 completed in a continuous process. Subsequently, however, the steel substrate obtained after the temper rolling and provided with the anticorrosive coating is first temporarily stored before it is coated after cleaning its surface to be provided with the organic coating in a separate coating unit with the organic coating system formed from primer and lacquer. In order to protect the surface of the metallic anticorrosive coating to be coated organically against corrosion during the waiting time, the metallic anticorrosion coating can be oiled or "sealed" after the subsequent rolling.
Zur Erprobung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Betriebsversuche B1 - B8 durchgeführt worden, bei denen als Stahlsubstrat aus einem Qualitätsstahl bestehende Stahlbänder verwendet worden sind. Die Zusammensetzung des Stahlbands ist in Tabelle 1 angegeben.
Die bei den Betriebsversuchen eingestellten Betriebsparameter, die jeweilige Schmelzenbadzusammensetzung sowie eine Analyse der jeweils auf dem Stahlsubstrat erhaltenen Korrosionsschutzschicht sind in Tabelle 2 angegeben.The operating parameters set in the operating tests, the respective Schmelzenbadzusammensetzung and an analysis of each obtained on the steel substrate corrosion protection layer are given in Table 2.
Die Dicke der die oberflächige Oxidation aufnehmenden Oberflächengrenzschicht beträgt bei den untersuchten Proben max. 0,2 µm und liegt bezogen auf das bei einer GDOS-Messung ermittelte Schichtprofil jeweils im Bereich von bis zu 2,7 % der Gesamtauflagendicken. Der Betrag der Al-Anreicherung an der unmittelbaren Oberfläche liegt maximal bei etwa 1 Gew.-%. Daran schließt sich bis zu einer Dicke von mindestens 25 % der Gesamtauflage des Überzuges die Zwischenschicht mit niedrigem Al-Gehalt von maximal 0,25 Gew.-% an. In der Grenzschicht steigt danach der Al-Gehalt bis 4,5 % an der Grenze zum Stahlsubstrat an. Die Mg-Anreicherung an der unmittelbaren Oberfläche des Überzugs ist deutlich größer als die Al-Anreicherung. Es werden hier Mg-Anteile von bis zu 20 % erreicht. Danach nimmt der Mg-Anteil über die Zwischenschicht ab und beträgt in einer Tiefe von etwa 25 % der Gesamtauflagendicke des Überzuges 0,5 bis 2 %. Über die Grenzschicht findet dann ein Anstieg auch des Mg-Gehaltes in Richtung des Stahlsubstrats statt. An der Grenze zum Stahlsubstrat beträgt der Mg-Gehalt bis zu 3,5 %.The thickness of the superficial oxidation surface boundary layer is max. 0.2 microns and is based on the determined in a GDOS measurement layer profile in each case in the range of up to 2.7% of the total overlay thicknesses. The amount of Al enrichment on the immediate surface is at most about 1 wt .-%. This is followed up to a thickness of at least 25% of the total overlay of the coating, the intermediate layer with a low Al content of not more than 0.25 wt .-% of. In the boundary layer, the Al content rises to 4.5% at the boundary to the steel substrate. The Mg enrichment on the immediate surface of the coating is significantly greater than the Al enrichment. Mg contents of up to 20% are achieved here. Thereafter, the amount of Mg decreases over the intermediate layer and is 0.5 to 2% at a depth of about 25% of the total overlay thickness of the overlay. An increase of the Mg content in the direction of the steel substrate then takes place via the boundary layer. At the border to the steel substrate, the Mg content is up to 3.5%.
Eine entsprechende Verteilung über die Dicke D (Oberfläche D = 0 µm) ist beispielhaft in den Diagrammen 3 und 4 bildlich dargestellt, die das Ergebnis einer GDOS-Messung von zwei typischen Schichtaufbauten von erfindungsgemäß auf dem Stahlsubstrat erzeugten metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzügen wiedergeben.A corresponding distribution over the thickness D (surface D = 0 μm) is illustrated by way of example in the diagrams 3 and 4, which represent the result of a GDOS measurement of two typical layer structures of metallic corrosion protection coatings produced on the steel substrate according to the invention.
In den Diagrammen 3 und 4 ist zu erkennen, dass sich an der Oberfläche des jeweiligen Überzugs eine Oberflächengrenzschicht gebildet hat, deren Al-Gehalt in Folge von Oxidation hoch ist. Die Dicke dieser Oberflächengrenzschicht liegt jedoch bei maximal 0,2 µm und wird daher beim Punkt- oder Laserschweißen leicht durchbrochen, ohne dass es zu einer Beeinträchtigung der Qualität des Schweißergebnisses kommt.In the diagrams 3 and 4 it can be seen that on the surface of the respective coating, a surface boundary layer has formed whose Al content is high due to oxidation. However, the thickness of this surface boundary layer is at most 0.2 microns and is therefore easily broken in the spot or laser welding, without causing a deterioration in the quality of the welding result.
An die Oberflächengrenzschicht schließt sich die etwa 2,5 µm dicke Zwischenschicht an, deren Al-Gehalt jeweils unter 0,2 % liegt. Die Dicke der Zwischenschicht liegt somit bei rund 36 % der Gesamtauflagendicke des jeweiligen Korrosionsschutzüberzugs von 7 µm.The surface boundary layer is followed by the approximately 2.5 μm thick intermediate layer whose Al content is less than 0.2%. The thickness of the intermediate layer is therefore approximately 36% of the total overlay thickness of the respective anti-corrosion coating of 7 μm.
Die Zwischenschicht geht über in eine am Stahlsubstrat anliegende Grenzschicht, in der die Gehalte an Al, Mg und Fe gegenüber den korrespondierenden Gehalten der Zwischenschicht deutlich angestiegen sind.The intermediate layer merges into a boundary layer on the steel substrate, in which the contents of Al, Mg and Fe have increased significantly compared to the corresponding contents of the intermediate layer.
Fig. 1 zeigt nicht maßstäblich einen Ausschnitt eines in erfindungsgemäßer Weise erzeugten und beschaffenen Stahlflachprodukts im Querschnitt. Demgemäß ist auf die im Einsatz außen liegende, dem korrosiven Angriff besonders stark ausgesetzte Seite A eines als Stahlblech vorliegenden Stahlsubstrat S zunächst ein etwa 7,5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug K aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht.FIG. 1 does not show to scale a detail of a steel flat product produced and obtained in accordance with the invention in cross-section. Accordingly, on the outside in use, the corrosive attack particularly strongly exposed side A of a present as a steel sheet Steel substrate S first applied about 7.5 microns thick metallic corrosion protection coating K, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe.
Auf die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs K ist unmittelbar, d.h. ohne weitere Vorbehandlung, eine Primerschicht P aufgetragen. Die Schichtdicke der Primerschicht P liegt bei üblichen Primerprodukten bei 5 µm. Werden so genannte "Dickschicht-Primer" verwendet, kann die Dicke der Primerschicht P bis zu 20 µm betragen.The surface of the anticorrosive coating K is immediate, i. without further pretreatment, applied a primer layer P. The layer thickness of the primer layer P is in conventional primer products at 5 microns. If so-called "thick-film primers" are used, the thickness of the primer layer P can be up to 20 μm.
Auf die Primerschicht P ist eine Lackschicht L appliziert worden, deren Dicke ca. 20 µm beträgt. Zur Vorbereitung des Lackauftrages und Verkürzung der Gesamttrockenzeit kann die Primerschicht P zuvor mittels UV-Strahlen vorbehandelt werden.On the primer layer P, a resist layer L has been applied, whose thickness is about 20 microns. To prepare the paint application and shorten the total drying time, the primer layer P can be previously pretreated by means of UV rays.
Auf die Lackschicht L ist schließlich noch eine Decklackschicht D aufgebracht, die bis zu 17 µm stark ist. Die Primerschicht P, die Lackschicht L und der Decklack D bilden gemeinsam einen organischen Überzug, der gemeinsam mit dem metallischen Korrosionsschutzüberzug K trotz des Verzichts auf eine Vorbehandlung der Oberfläche der Korrosionsschutzüberzugs K das Stahlsubstrat S besonders gut gegen Korrosion schützt.On the lacquer layer L, finally, a topcoat D is applied, which is up to 17 microns thick. The primer layer P, the lacquer layer L and the topcoat D together form an organic coating which, in spite of the omission of a pretreatment of the surface of the anticorrosive coating K, together with the metallic anticorrosive coating K, protects the steel substrate S particularly well against corrosion.
Auf der im praktischen Einsatz innen liegenden, weniger stark korrosiv angegriffenen Seite I des Stahlsubstrats S ist ebenfalls zunächst ein etwa 7,5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug Ki aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht. Auf die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs Ki ist unmittelbar eine Lackschicht Li aufgetragen, deren Dicke 5 - 10 µm beträgt.On the inside in use, less corrosive attacked side I of the steel substrate S is also first applied about 7.5 microns thick metallic corrosion protection coating Ki, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe. On the surface of the Corrosion protection coating Ki is immediately applied a lacquer layer Li, whose thickness is 5 - 10 microns.
Stahlflachprodukte der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Art sind insbesondere für den Einsatz im Bereich des Fahrzeugbaus geeignet.Flat steel products of the type shown in Fig. 1 are particularly suitable for use in the field of vehicle construction.
Fig. 2 zeigt nicht maßstäblich einen Ausschnitt eines zweiten in erfindungsgemäßer Weise erzeugten und beschaffenen, ebenfalls für den Einsatz im Bereich des Fahrzeugbaus besonders geeigneten Stahlflachprodukts im Querschnitt. Demgemäß ist auf die im Einsatz außen liegende, dem korrosiven Angriff besonders stark ausgesetzte Seite des als Stahlblech vorliegenden Stahlsubstrats S zunächst ein etwa 5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug K aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht.2 does not show to scale a detail of a second in accordance with the invention produced and created, also for use in the field of vehicle construction particularly suitable steel flat product in cross section. Accordingly, an approximately 5 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is initially applied to the side of the steel substrate S present as a steel sheet which is in use on the outside and is particularly exposed to corrosive attack.
Die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs K ist in diesem Fall zunächst einer Vorbehandlung unterzogen worden, bei der auf dem Korrosionsschutzüberzug K eine dünne Vorbehandlungsschicht V zurückgeblieben ist. Auf die Vorbehandlungsschicht V ist eine etwa 8 µm dicke Primerschicht P1 aufgetragen.In this case, the surface of the anticorrosive coating K has first of all been subjected to a pretreatment in which a thin pretreatment layer V has remained on the anticorrosive coating K. On the pretreatment layer V, an approximately 8 microns thick primer layer P1 is applied.
Die Primerschicht P1 trägt eine etwa 5 µm starke Kleberschicht E, über die eine auf die Kleberschicht E aufgelegte, etwa 52 µm dicke Verbundfolie F auf die Primerschicht P1 aufgeklebt ist. Auf die Außenseite der Verbundfolie F ist eine weitere Primerschicht P2 aufgetragen, die wiederum eine etwa 20 µm dicke Decklackschicht D trägt. Die Decklackschicht D bildet den äußeren Abschluss des aus der Primerschicht P1, der Kleberschicht E, der Verbundfolie F, der Primerschicht P2 und der Decklackschicht D gebildeten organischen Überzugsystems.The primer layer P1 carries an approximately 5 μm thick adhesive layer E, over which an approximately 52 μm thick composite film F applied to the adhesive layer E is glued onto the primer layer P1. On the outside of the composite film F, a further primer layer P2 is applied, which in turn carries an approximately 20 microns thick topcoat layer D. The topcoat D forms the outer termination of the formed from the primer layer P1, the adhesive layer E, the composite film F, the primer layer P2 and the topcoat layer D organic coating system.
Auf der im praktischen Einsatz innen liegenden, weniger stark korrosiv angegriffenen Seite des Stahlsubstrats S ist ebenfalls zunächst ein etwa 5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug Ki aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht. Die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs Ki ist in diesem Fall unter Ausbildung einer dünnen Vorbehandlungsschicht Vi zunächst vorbehandelt worden. Dann ist auf die Vorbehandlungsschicht V eine Lackschicht Li aufgetragen worden, die typischerweise 5 µm dick ist.On the side of the steel substrate S, which is in use on the inside, and is less strongly corrosively attacked, an approximately 5 μm thick metallic anti-corrosion coating Ki is also initially applied, consisting essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe. The surface of the anti-corrosion coating Ki has been pretreated in this case to form a thin pretreatment layer Vi first. Then, on the pretreatment layer V, a resist layer Li, which is typically 5 μm thick, has been applied.
Fig. 3 zeigt nicht maßstäblich einen Ausschnitt eines dritten in erfindungsgemäßer Weise erzeugten und beschaffenen, für allgemeine Bauaußenanwendungen besonders geeigneten Stahlflachprodukts im Querschnitt. Demgemäß ist auf die im Einsatz außen liegende, dem korrosiven Angriff besonders stark ausgesetzte Seite des als Stahlblech vorliegenden Stahlsubstrats S zunächst ein etwa 10 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug K aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht. Die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs K ist auch in diesem Fall zunächst einer Vorbehandlung unterzogen worden, bei der auf dem Korrosionsschutzüberzug K eine dünne Vorbehandlungsschicht V zurückgeblieben ist.3 does not show to scale a section of a third in accordance with the invention produced and created, for general building exterior applications particularly suitable flat steel product in cross section. Accordingly, an approximately 10 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is first applied to the side of the steel substrate S present as a steel sheet in use on the outside, which is particularly exposed to corrosive attack. The surface of the anticorrosive coating K has also been subjected to a pretreatment in this case, in which a thin pretreatment layer V has remained on the anticorrosive coating K.
Auf die Vorbehandlungsschicht V ist eine etwa 5 µm dicke Primerschicht P aufgetragen, die wiederum eine etwa 20 µm dicke Decklackschicht D trägt.On the pretreatment layer V, an approximately 5 microns thick primer layer P is applied, which in turn carries an approximately 20 microns thick topcoat layer D.
Die Decklackschicht D selbst trägt auf ihrer Außenseite eine abziehbare Schutzfolie U, die das Stahlflachprodukt während seines Transports und seiner Lagerung schützt.The topcoat D itself carries on its outer side a peelable protective film U, which protects the flat steel product during its transport and storage.
Die Schutzfolie U kann aber auch als permanent haftende Folie zur Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften aufgeführt sein.The protective film U can also be listed as a permanently adhering film to improve the surface properties.
Auf der im praktischen Einsatz innen liegenden, weniger stark korrosiv angegriffenen Seite des Stahlsubstrats S ist ebenfalls zunächst ein etwa 10 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug Ki aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht. Die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs Ki ist auch in diesem Fall unter Ausbildung einer dünnen Vorbehandlungsschicht V zunächst vorbehandelt worden. Dann ist auf die Vorbehandlungsschicht V eine Lackschicht Li aufgetragen worden, die typischerweise 7 - 15 µm dick ist.On the inside of the steel substrate S, which is in use on the inside, and which is less strongly corrosively attacked, an approximately 10 μm thick metallic corrosion protection coating Ki is also initially applied, consisting essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe. The surface of the anticorrosion coating Ki has also been pretreated in this case to form a thin pretreatment layer V first. Then a lacquer layer Li has been applied to the pretreatment layer V, which is typically 7-15 μm thick.
Fig. 4 zeigt nicht maßstäblich einen Ausschnitt eines vierten in erfindungsgemäßer Weise erzeugten und beschaffenen, insbesondere für den Hausgerätebau geeigneten Stahlflachprodukts im Querschnitt. Demgemäß ist auf die im Einsatz außen liegende, dem korrosiven Angriff besonders stark ausgesetzte Seite eines als Stahlblech vorliegenden Stahlsubstrats S zunächst ein etwa 4 - 5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug K aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht.4 does not show to scale a detail of a fourth in accordance with the invention produced and created, in particular suitable for household appliance steel flat product in cross section. Accordingly, an approximately 4 to 5 .mu.m thick metallic corrosion protection coating K, which consists essentially of Zn, Al, Mg and Fe, is initially applied to the side of a steel substrate S which is exposed to corrosive attack in the outside.
Auf die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs K ist unmittelbar, d.h. ohne weitere Vorbehandlung, eine etwa 8 µm dicke Primerschicht P aufgetragen. Als Primer ist hier ein so genannter "Struktur-Primer" verwendet worden, der eine strukturierte, Erhebungen und Einsenkungen aufweisende Oberfläche ausbildet.The surface of the anticorrosive coating K is immediate, i. without further pretreatment, applied an approximately 8 microns thick primer layer P. As a primer, a so-called "structure primer" has been used here, which forms a structured, elevations and depressions having surface.
Auf die Primerschicht P ist dann eine Lackschicht L appliziert worden, deren Dicke ca. 20 µm beträgt.On the primer layer P then a lacquer layer L has been applied, whose thickness is about 20 microns.
Gegebenenfalls kann auf die Lackschicht beispielsweise eine permanent haftende Schutzschicht aufgebracht werden, die u. a. zur Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften eingesetzt wird.Optionally, for example, a permanently adhering protective layer can be applied to the lacquer layer, the u. a. is used to improve the surface properties.
Auf der im praktischen Einsatz innen liegenden, weniger stark korrosiv angegriffenen Seite des Stahlsubstrats S ist ebenfalls zunächst ein etwa 4 - 5 µm dicker metallischer Korrosionsschutzüberzug Ki aufgebracht, der im Wesentlichen aus Zn, Al, Mg und Fe besteht. Auf die Oberfläche des Korrosionsschutzüberzugs Ki ist unmittelbar eine Lackschicht Li aufgetragen, deren Dicke 7 - 10 µm beträgt.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06113963.0A EP1857567B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
PL06113963T PL1857567T3 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
US12/300,966 US20100055344A1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Process for Producing a Sheet Steel Product Coated with an Anticorrosion System |
ES06113963.0T ES2629109T3 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Procedure for the manufacture of a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
KR1020087027956A KR101154534B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Process for producing a sheet steel product coated with an anticorrosion system |
CA2650719A CA2650719C (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Method for production of a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
PCT/EP2007/054712 WO2007132008A1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Process for producing a sheet steel product coated with an anticorrosion system |
CN2007800176384A CN101454474B (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Process for producing a sheet steel product coated with an anticorrosion system |
BRPI0711621-7A BRPI0711621B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A FLAT STEEL PRODUCT COATED WITH A CORROSION PROTECTION SYSTEM |
AU2007251551A AU2007251551B2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Process for producing a sheet steel product coated with an anticorrosion system |
JP2009510445A JP5112422B2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Method for producing a flat steel product coated by a corrosion protection system |
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EP06113963.0A EP1857567B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
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EP1857567A1 true EP1857567A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
EP1857567B1 EP1857567B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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EP06113963.0A Not-in-force EP1857567B1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | Method of manufacturing a flat steel product coated with a corrosion protection system |
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US (1) | US20100055344A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1857567B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5112422B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101154534B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101454474B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007251551B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0711621B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2650719C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2629109T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1857567T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007132008A1 (en) |
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WO2014125117A1 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-21 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Method for the production of sheet metal having a znmg or znalmg coating, comprising the application of a basic solution of a magnesium ion complexing agent, and resulting sheet metal |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5112422B2 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
CA2650719A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
CN101454474B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
JP2009537698A (en) | 2009-10-29 |
AU2007251551B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
CN101454474A (en) | 2009-06-10 |
BRPI0711621B1 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
PL1857567T3 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
KR20080109935A (en) | 2008-12-17 |
US20100055344A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
WO2007132008A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
KR101154534B1 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
CA2650719C (en) | 2011-11-15 |
ES2629109T3 (en) | 2017-08-07 |
EP1857567B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
BRPI0711621A2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
AU2007251551A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
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