EP1785329B1 - Joint structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has a base plate (11) that is connected with a vehicle body. A front spring unit (16) and a rear spring unit (17) are provided in the arrangement, where the front spring unit and the rear spring unit surround a middle piece (12) of couplers and draw gear. The front spring unit and the rear spring unit are supported in vertical and horizontal direction at the base plate and at a feed through opening (13) that is provided in the base plate.

Description

The present invention relates to a hinge assembly for articulating a drawbar with a car body, with a arranged on the carriage box end of the drawbar pull / push device for transmitting tensile and impact forces acting on the drawbar, on a base plate connected to the car body the pulling / pushing device has a middle piece which is connected to the carriage box-side end of the pull rod and which extends the pull rod in its longitudinal direction, which extends through a feedthrough opening provided in the base plate and has a drawbar-side front spring plate and a carriage-side rear spring plate, and wherein the drawbar / Shock means for damping the tensile and impact forces to be transmitted furthermore at least one arranged between the front spring plate and the base plate in Zugstangenlängsrichtung front spring element made of elastic material and at least one between the green Having plate and the rear spring plate arranged in Zugstangenlängsrichtung rear spring element made of elastic material.

The publication DE 200 09 859 U1 discloses a hinge assembly for pivotally connecting a pull rod to a car body, which prior art hinge assembly includes a pull / push device (elastic members) disposed on the carriage box end of the pull rod for transmitting tensile and impact forces acting on the pull rod; includes. Furthermore, a tie rod is provided in its longitudinal direction extending center piece, which is characterized by a in a base plate provided through-opening extends and has a zugstangenseitigen front spring plate and a carriage box-side rear spring plate. Further, arranged between the front spring plate and the base plate in Zugstangenlängsrichtung front spring element and arranged between the base plate and the rear spring plate in Zugstangenlängsrichtung rear spring element to be damped to transmit the tensile and impact forces.

The publication EP 1 342 637 A1 discloses a hinge arrangement which is similar in functional and structural respect to that of the prior art according to the document DE 200 09 859 U1 known arrangement. The publication EP 1 342 637 A1 However, the object is to provide a running in a lightweight construction joint arrangement, which should be designed to reliably transmit the longitudinal compressive forces occurring in maneuvering reliable. For this purpose, special intermediate discs are provided in this joint arrangement between the front spring element and the base plate, which are designed with respect to their carriage box-side shape to the effect that they can cause a support in the vertical and horizontal directions provided in the base plate passage opening.

A joint arrangement of the type mentioned is known for example from rail vehicle technology and comes there usually in clutches and joints for connecting car bodies or complete trains with each other by means of automatic couplings or short couplings for use.

To explain the basic structure of such a hinge assembly is on the Fig. 1a referenced, in which a known from the prior art hinge assembly of the type mentioned is shown. Fig. 1b shows the joint assembly according to Fig. 1a in a pressurized state, ie in a state when compressive forces act on the drawbar and are damped by means of the drawbar / bumper integrated in the articulated arrangement and subsequently transferred to the associated body of the vehicle.

The in the in Fig. 1a integrated pull / push device 100 has a total of three annular rubber springs as spring elements 116, 117, wherein two of the three spring elements 116 are arranged between a zugstangenseitigen front spring plate 114 and connected to the (not explicitly shown) car body base plate 111. Another elastomeric spring element 117 is disposed between the base plate 111 and a carriage side rear spring plate 115. In the in Fig. 1a shown unloaded state of the joint assembly, the two front spring elements 116 between the front spring plate 114 and the base plate 111 and the rear spring element 117 between the base plate 111 and the rear spring plate 115 is biased. Specifically, the one in the Fig. 1a illustrated and known from the prior art joint assembly integrated pull / push device 100 connected to the carriage body end of the tie rod 2 and the tie rod 2 in its longitudinal direction extending center piece 112, which extends through a provided in the base plate 111 passage opening, wherein the individual spring elements 116, 117 are pushed onto the center piece 112 and clamped by means of the front and rear spring plate 114, 115 with a lock nut 118.

Fig. 1b shows the known from the prior art hinge assembly according to Fig. 1a in a pressurized state, in which pressure forces on the pull rod 2 and thus on the connected to the carriage body end of the tie rod 2 and the pull rod 2 extending in its longitudinal direction center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 act. This pressurization causes the tie rod 2 and the center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 is moved with the zugstangenseitigen front spring plate 114 towards the car body, so that the distance between the front spring plate 114 and connected to the car body base plate 111 in comparison to the unloaded and in Fig. 1a shown state is reduced. The two between the front spring plate 114 and the base plate 111 arranged elastomeric spring elements 116 are - compressed due to the action of the compressive forces, the compressive forces are conducted in a damped manner via the compressed spring elements 116 on the base plate 111 of the car body. Of the Fig. 1b It can be seen clearly that in the pressurized state, the distance between the carriage box-side end face of the base plate 111 and the center piece 112 of the push / push device 100 firmly screwed rear spring plate 115 in comparison to that in Fig. 1a shown unloaded state increases, wherein the arranged between the base plate 111 and the rear spring plate 115 rear spring element 117 is set in a relaxed state.

As spring elements in the pull / push device 100 of the known from the prior art and in the FIGS. 1a and 1b Hollow springs made of an elastomer material used as an example are usually used as an example, with the cross-sectional shapes of these hollow springs usually having a circular shape as a result of the design. The spring elements 116, 117 take over the function of dampening the tensile and impact forces occurring in a power transmission from the drawbar 2 to the car body in the pull / push device 100. Another function is that in the spring elements 116, 117, a part of the energy generated during power transmission is dissipated.

In the conventional solution, as in the FIGS. 1a and 1b is shown, the center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 is guided by means of a ball bush arrangement 119 through the opening provided in the carriage body connected to the base plate 111 through opening. The center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 and thus also the pull rod 2 connected to the center piece 112 are at least partially supported by the ball bushing arrangement 119 in the passage opening of the base plate 111.

In the in the FIGS. 1a and 1b In addition, the drawbar 2 or the center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 connected to the drawbar 2 is supported correspondingly by means of a drawbar support device 120 provided for this purpose. This drawbar support device 120 may further assume the function of the center reset of the pull rod 2 and thus of the center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 connected to the pull rod 2.

In this generic joint arrangement, a solution is already provided with the ball bushing arrangement 119 in order to minimize the wear occurring during operation of the spring elements 116, 117 provided in the joint arrangement. However, such a ball bushing arrangement 119 due to the forces acting on the joint assembly and sometimes extreme forces in terms of their structure, since they must be designed according to the expected requirements. In particular, the deflection angle of the pull rod achievable with the conventional hinge assembly is limited to a relatively small range due to the manner of guiding the center piece 112 by the feedthrough opening provided in the base plate 111.

The invention is therefore based on the object to further develop a hinge assembly of the type mentioned in that on the one hand, the hinge assembly is simpler in its entirety, at the same time early wear of the joint assembly provided in the spring elements can be optimally prevented, and on the other hand, the transfer of tensile and compressive forces of the pull rod on the car body is made possible even at high deflection angles.

This object is achieved with a hinge assembly of the type mentioned in the present invention that the at least one front spring element and the at least one rear spring element form-fitting surround the center piece of the pull / push device and are designed such that they are each in the vertical and horizontal directions support the existing in the base plate edge of the passage opening.

The solution according to the invention has a number of significant advantages over the known from the prior art and explained above hinge assemblies. In particular, the fact that the front and rear spring element form-fitting surround the tie rod and then supported on the base plate in the vertical and horizontal directions, these spring elements not only serve to dampen the tensile and impact forces that are transmitted from the joint assembly, but also take over also the function of supporting the coupling rod within the provided in the base plate passage opening. Furthermore, the spring elements take over the task of guiding the coupling rod in the passage opening. In contrast to the solutions known from the prior art, a complex ball bushing arrangement or other solutions is thus eliminated in the case of the joint arrangement according to the invention. which guide and support the coupling rod inside the plate. Thus, the complexity of the structure of the hinge assembly can be reduced. In particular, with the solution according to the invention optionally also be dispensed with a separately executed drawbar support.

The spring joint according to the invention thus represents a simple variant of the articulation and support, wherein the basic structure of the spring joint similar to the existing and initially described hinge assemblies in which elastomeric spring elements are used in the form of hollow rubber springs, which basically have in the center piece and the hollow springs circular cross-sections and primarily assume the function of damping the tensile and impact forces transmitted by the joint assembly. Specifically, the basic structure of the spring joint is composed of a bolted tie rod with spring plates, a front and rear rubber element and a base plate against which the spring elements (rubber rings) are supported according to the invention. Thus, the solution according to the invention can also be used in conventional couplings and joints for connecting car bodies or complete trains with each other by means of, for example, an automatic or short coupling.

The main object of the invention is the transmission of tensile and impact forces or compressive forces, as they occur during operation. The joint arrangement is designed so that tensile and compressive forces are introduced via the tie rod in the system. Subsequently, a transmission of the compressive forces on the front spring plate and the adjacent spring element on the base plate. Tensile forces are transmitted to the base plate via the rear spring plate and the rear spring element. The base plate is bolted to the body frame, so that the force is transmitted into the base frame on the base plate is possible. The inventive arrangement of the spring elements in the pull / push device can be effectively prevented in particular early wear of the spring elements. In particular, the fact that according to the invention support the spring elements in the vertical and horizontal directions, namely, even at high angles of deflection, namely a nearly uniform loading of the spring elements can be achieved. Furthermore, with the solution according to the invention a direct contact between center piece and bearing plate (ie, the inner wall of the provided in the base plate passage opening) prevented in normal operation. Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is to mention that in comparison to the conventional joint arrangements, a larger deflection angle can be achieved. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the Spring elements take over the function of supporting the coupling rod within the passage opening.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In a particularly preferred further development it is provided that in the zugstangenseitigen end face and / or in the carriage box side end face of the base plate in each case a recess portion is formed, which extends at least partially along the respective periphery of the provided in the base passage opening and one of the contour of the front or Rear spring element has the following shape, wherein the respective spring element in the associated recess region is flush and is supported thereon. This is a preferred solution to allow the supporting of the pull rod positively enclosing spring elements on the base plate in the vertical and horizontal directions. In detail, it is provided that recess areas are formed at least on one end face of the base plate, which follows the contour of the adjacent spring element. In these recess areas, the respective spring elements is pressed in, so that it is flush with the walls of the recess area. Hereby, a support of the spring elements and thus the pull rod, which is positively surrounded by the spring elements, can be achieved in a particularly effective and effective manner. In other words, the recess areas formed in the respective end faces of the base plate thus form a seat for receiving the respective spring elements. In operation, the spring elements are very stressed components. The contours of these spring elements and the adjacent base plate or formed in the respective end faces of the base plate recess areas in which the respective spring elements are pressed in and flush, should be designed in an advantageous manner so that on the one hand sufficient support is ensured, on the other but also enough space for the deformation of the elastomeric spring elements during compression or deflection is available.

In particular, it should be mentioned as an advantage of this preferred embodiment that the spring elements provided in the pull / push device on the one hand allow the drawbar to be concealed, and on the other hand - with a suitable choice of shape of the cutout areas - simultaneously effect an integrated return of the drawbar.

In a particularly preferred further development of the already mentioned embodiments, it is provided that the passage opening provided in the base plate is designed with respect to the shaping of its opening cross section to a horizontal pivoting of the center piece of the pull / push device extending through the passage opening in a definable angular range, in particular by ± 25 °, thus allowing a deflection of the tie rod connected to the center piece about the Z axis. In particular, the lead-through opening through the base plate is to be made so large that deflections of the pull rod of up to ± 25 ° about the Z axis are possible. The base plate and the passage opening formed therein is preferably formed so that the tie rod, when the full rash is reached, applies flat to the correspondingly shaped contour of the base plate. The contours of the spring elements and the adjacent base plate must - as already mentioned - be designed so that on the one hand sufficient support is ensured, on the other hand, but also enough space for the deformation of the rubber elements during compression or deflection is available.

In the present specification, the term "X-axis" means the axis extending in the longitudinal direction of travel (horizontally), the right-angled horizontal axis under the term "Y-axis" and the vertical axis under the term "Z-axis" To understand Zugstangenlängsrichtung axis to understand.

As explained above, by providing the recess portions extending at least partially along the respective periphery of the through hole provided in the base plate at the tie rod side end face or at the carriage box side end face of the base plate in which the respective spring member is flush, a support of the spring elements and thus reaches the form-fitting surrounded by the spring elements center piece of the pull / push device. Since the center piece supported in this way is fastened to the carriage box-side end of the pull rod, a support of the pull rod in the Y and Z directions is thus also effected. In order to additionally enable a provision about the X-axis, it is provided in a particularly preferred further development of the last-mentioned embodiments that the at least one front spring element and / or the at least one rear spring element at least at their respective pressure plate-side ends each one different from a circular shape Cross-sectional shape, in particular an elliptical, oval or ellipse-like cross-sectional shape, have.

As used herein, the term "ellipsoidal cross-sectional shape" means shaping, including, for example, one in their own Elongated circumference truncated ellipse falls, so that the longitudinal sides of the thus trimmed ellipse parallel to each other. It is essential that the cross-sectional shape of the respective spring elements is not exactly circular, ie centrally symmetrical.

A spring element having such a different cross-sectional shape from a circular shape, thus preventing rotation of the spring element relative to the base plate when the spring element is flush with the base plate or formed in the respective end faces of the base plate recess areas. In this way, a rotation of the spring elements relative to the base plate can be prevented, is also a rotation of the center piece of the pull / push device on which the spring elements lie flush, and thus a rotation of the drawbar, which is connected at its cart side end with the center piece is excluded. Of course, other solutions are also conceivable here.

In a particularly preferred realization of the last-mentioned embodiment, in which the at least one front spring element and / or the at least one rear spring element each have a cross-sectional shape different from a circular shape at least at their respective pressure plate-side ends, an elliptical or elliptical-like cross-sectional shape is associated with the spring elements a horizontally extending major axis and a vertically extending semi-axis provided. As already indicated above, the term "ellipse-like cross-sectional shape" is to be understood as a shape under which, for example, an ellipse truncated in its longitudinal extent falls. In other words, the cross-sectional shapes of the respective spring elements can also have a rectangular shape, wherein the respective opposite shorter sides of the rectangle are formed as semicircles. However, this embodiment is to be understood that any cross-sectional shape is conceivable to allow a caused by the shaping of the spring element resetting the center piece of the push / push device about the X-axis, when the spring element on the base plate or in. In the recesses formed flush with the end faces of the base plate.

To on the one hand to prevent twisting of the drawbar or the center piece of the pull / push device relative to the spring elements in an effective manner, and on the other hand to achieve a provision of the tie rod, it is provided in a particularly preferred further development that the at least one front Spring element and the at least one rear spring element each have a through hole, in particular a centrally disposed in the respective spring elements through hole through which each of the center piece of the pull / push device extends, wherein the formed in the front spring element through hole and / or in the rear Spring element formed through hole each having a different cross-sectional shape of a circular shape, in particular an elliptical, oval or ellipse-like cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the center piece of the pull / push device at least in the sections which extend through the through hole formed in the front spring element and / or through the through hole formed in the rear spring element has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the respective through hole and there is flush with the inner contour of the corresponding through hole. The inner contour of the spring element and thus also the outer contour of the middle piece are thus elliptical, oval or elliptical, for example, whereby a rotation of the center piece and thus the tie rod relative to the spring elements in a simple but effective manner can be prevented. Thus, the permanent rotation of the tie rod relative to the base plate is also prevented and instead achieved a provision. Of course, other shapes are also conceivable for the through holes formed in the respective spring members and for the respective portions of the center piece of the pulling / pushing device extending through the through holes formed in the spring members. However, these shapes should differ from an exact circular shape.

In a particularly preferred realization of the last-mentioned embodiment, with which a permanent rotation of the drawbar relative to the base plate can be effectively prevented, it is provided that the through hole formed in the front spring element and / or the through hole formed in the rear spring element each have an elliptical or having elliptical cross-sectional shape with a horizontal major axis and a vertical axis. This is a possible realization, wherein the entire pull / push device can be formed against rotation with the help of the contour of the through holes. Of course, other solutions are also conceivable here.

In a further, although partially known from rail vehicle technology further development is provided that the at least one front spring element and the at least one rear spring element between the respective spring plates and the base plate are biased in tensile / impact direction. Thus, the occurring during the transmission of tensile and impact forces event sequence can be pre-set and set exactly. In particular, a backlash-free response of the spring elements provided in the joint arrangement can be achieved.

In the following a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1a

eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Gelenkanordnung zum gelenkigen Verbinden einer Zugstange mit einem Wagenkasten;

Fig. 1b

die in Fig. 1a gezeigte herkömmliche Gelenkanordnung bei Druckbeaufschlagung;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Gesamtansicht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Längsschnitts der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung;

Fig. 4a

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer in der Gelenkanordnung gemäß Fig. 2 verwendeten Grundplatte;

Fig. 4b

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht der in Fig. 4a gezeigten Grundplatte;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines in der Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung zum Einsatz kommenden Federelements;

Fig. 6

eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Mittenstücks einer Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung, die beispielsweise in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung verwendet wird;

Fig. 7a

eine Querschnittsansicht der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung zur Verdeutlichung des Kraftflussverlaufs innerhalb der Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung bei Druckbeaufschlagung;

Fig. 7b

eine Querschnittsansicht der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung zur Verdeutlichung des Kraftflussverlaufs innerhalb der Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung bei Zugbelastung; und

Fig. 8

eine Querschnittsansicht der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Gelenkanordnung zur Verdeutlichung des möglichen Auslenkungsbereichs der Zugstange.

Show it:

Fig. 1a

a known from the prior art hinge assembly for articulating a drawbar with a car body;

Fig. 1b

in the Fig. 1a shown conventional joint arrangement when pressurized;

Fig. 2

an overall perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a longitudinal section of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly;

Fig. 4a

a perspective view of one in the joint assembly according to Fig. 2 used base plate;

Fig. 4b

a perspective sectional view of the in Fig. 4a shown base plate;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of one in the Zug- / Stoßeinrichtung of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly for use coming spring element;

Fig. 6

an exploded view of a center piece of a pull / push device, for example, in the in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly is used;

Fig. 7a

a cross-sectional view of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly to illustrate the flow of force flow within the pull / push device when pressurized;

Fig. 7b

a cross-sectional view of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly to illustrate the flow of force within the train / shock device under tensile load; and

Fig. 8

a cross-sectional view of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly to illustrate the possible deflection range of the drawbar.

Fig. 1a shows a known from the prior art hinge assembly for articulating a pull rod 2 with a (not explicitly shown) car body of a rail vehicle. At the cart box side end of the pull rod 2, a pull / push device 100 is arranged, via which tensile and impact forces, which act on the pull rod 2, are transmitted to a base plate 111 connected to the car body. The other (not shown) end of the tie rod 2 is for example connected to a (also not explicitly shown) coupling head for an automatic central buffer coupling.

The tension / shock device 100 consists in its basic construction of a connected to the carriage end of the pull rod 2 center piece 112 with a front spring plate 114 and a rear spring plate 115, wherein the rear spring plate 115 by means of a lock nut 118 attached to the cart side end of the center piece 112 is. Between the front spring plate 114 and the pressure plate 111, which is fixedly connected to the undercarriage of the car body are in the in Fig. 1a illustrated embodiment of the known from the prior art hinge assembly two elastomer spring elements 116 biased. A rear elastomeric spring member 117 is provided between the base plate 111 and the rear spring plate 115. The spring elements 116, 117 are hollow rubber springs with a circular cross-section. They take over in the train / shock device 100, the function of damping the tensile and impact forces occurring during a power transmission, so that the forces can be attenuated by the tie rod 2 via the pressure plate 111 in the (not explicitly shown) vehicle undercarriage forwarded.

At the in Fig. 1a The embodiment shown is a so-called donut solution, in which the elastomeric spring elements 116, 117 are similar to a donut, wherein a circular cross-sectional shape is formed by the passage opening centrally arranged in the respective spring elements 116, 117. Through this passage opening, which in the Fig. 1a can not be seen, the center piece 112 of the pull / push device 100 extends. Furthermore, the center piece 112 extends through a provided in the base plate 111 through opening. In order to ensure the support and guidance of the center piece 112 in the passage opening, a ball bush assembly 119 is necessary, which complicates the overall structure of the hinge assembly. Further, a support 120 is provided to support the center piece 112 and the tie rod 2 connected to the center piece 112 in the vertical direction.

Fig. 1b shows the state of the art and above-explained hinge assembly according to Fig. 1a in a pressurized state, that is, in a state in which compressive forces are transmitted from the pull rod 2 to the pull / push device 100 and in a damped manner to the base plate 111. The front spring elements 116 are in the in Fig. 1b shown deformed state while the rear spring element 117 is in a relaxed state.

The problems in the known from the prior art joint arrangement, in particular with regard to the rubber hollow springs used as spring elements and with respect to the ball bush arrangement used for supporting and guiding the center piece of the pull / push device in the lead-through opening problems has already been shown and are intended to this Do not be listed again.

Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention in a perspective side view. The hinge assembly of this embodiment has a pull / push device 10 for transmitting tensile and compressive forces or impact forces acting on a tie rod 2 (not explicitly shown) to a base plate 11 connected to a body (also not shown). For this purpose, the pulling / pushing device 10 has a center piece 12 which is connected to the carriage box-side end of the pull rod 2 and which extends the pull rod 2 in its longitudinal direction. In the perspective side view of FIG Fig. 2 at the zugstangenseitigen end of the pull / push device 10 is recognizable as such.

To dampen the tensile and compressive forces occurring during operation, which act on the drawbar 2 and thus on the connected to the pull rod 2 center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10, a zugstangenseitiges front elastomeric spring element 16 between a zugstangenseitigen front spring plate 14 and the pressure plate 11 and a carriage-side elastomeric spring element 17 between the pressure plate 11 and a rear spring plate 15 is clamped. The rear spring plate 15 is fixed by means of a lock nut 18 on the center piece 12, wherein the lock nut 18 is attached to the carriage box end of the center piece 12 accordingly.

Fig. 3 shows the in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly in a perspective cross-sectional view. Based on this illustration, the course of the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10 can be clearly seen. In detail, the center piece 12 extends in turn from its zugstangenseitigen end to its cart box end by a centrally disposed in the front spring element 16 through hole 16 ', formed in the base plate 11 through opening 13, a centrally disposed in the rear spring member 17 through hole 17th ', And by the rear spring plate 15 and the lock nut 18 which is pushed onto the carriage box end of the center piece 12 and fixed the rear spring plate 15 and at the same time biases the front and rear spring element 16, 17 accordingly. The front spring plate 14 is integrally formed in the illustrated preferred embodiment in the shape of a flange-like projection with the center piece 12. Of course, but here is also conceivable that the front spring plate 14 - similar to the rear spring plate 15 - pushed as a separate component on the center piece 12 and fixed at a suitable location accordingly.

The center piece 12 is in the formed in the front spring element 16 and the rear spring element 17 through holes 16 ', 17' positively to the respective spring elements 16, 17 at. The spring elements 16, 17 themselves lie flush flush in respective recess regions 19 which are provided in the tie rod-side end face 11 'or the carriage box-side end face 11 "of the base plate 11. This ensures that the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10 is provided with In the case of the solution according to the invention, in particular, there is no need for a corresponding support and / or guide in the form of, for example, a complicated ball bush arrangement in the through opening 13 provided in the base plate 11 provided.

Fig. 4a shows that in the pull / push device 10 according to Fig. 2 used base plate 11 in a perspective single view. Fig. 4b shows the base plate 11 according to Fig. 4a in a cut view. As already indicated, the base plate 11 has a preferably centrally arranged passage opening 13, through which the in the FIGS. 4a and 4b not explicitly shown center piece in the assembled state of the pull / push device 10 extends therethrough. Furthermore, in the tie-rod-side end face 11 'and in the carriage-box-side end face 11 "of the base plate 11, a recess region 19 is formed which extends at least partially along the respective periphery of the through opening 13 provided in the base plate 11. Alternatively to the illustrated embodiment of the base plate However, 11 is also conceivable that only one of the two end faces 11 ', 11 "of the base plate 11 has such a recess portion 19.

The recess portion 19 has one of the contour of the front and rear (in Fig. 4a, 4b not explicitly shown) spring element 16, 17 the following shape, wherein in the assembled state of the pull / push device 10, the respective spring element 16, 17 is pressed into the associated recess portion 19 and there flush against the walls of the recess portion 19.

The passage opening 13 formed in the base plate 11 and the recess areas 19 extending along the periphery of the lead-through opening 13 each have a cross-sectional shape different from an (exact) circular shape. In particular, an oval, elliptical or elliptical cross-sectional shape is preferred. The in the FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrated cross-sectional shape of the passage opening 13 has a cross-sectional shape, which is referred to in the present specification as "ellipse-like". In particular, the horizontal extent of the cross-sectional shape is greater than the vertical extent of these. Through the recesses 19 in the base plate 11 is a support in the Y and Z direction of the respective walls of the recessed areas 19 flush (in the FIGS. 4a, 4b not explicitly shown) spring elements 16, 17 achieved.

Since these spring elements 16, 17, as related to the Fig. 3 has been described, positively surround the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10, due to the flush concerns of the spring elements 16, 17 in the respective Aussparungsbereichen 19 and a corresponding support of the center piece 12 and connected to the center piece 12 drawbar 2 can be achieved.

Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a spring element 16, 17, in the pull / push device 10 of the preferred embodiment according to Fig. 2 can be integrated either as a front or as a rear spring element. The illustrated spring element 16, 17 has an ellipse-like outer contour which corresponds to the contour of the recess area 19 formed in the base plate 11 (cf. Fig. 4a, 4b ) corresponds to the support of the spring elements 16, 17 with the help of the recessed areas 19 on the base plate 11 in the Y and Z directions. By using an ellipse-like spring element, which of course may also be a spring element with an oval or elliptical contour, in addition to the support described above, a provision of the center piece and thus the pull rod around the X-axis is possible. This is not achievable in the conventional pull / push devices, since the spring elements used herein are usually designed as a hollow rubber springs with a circular cross-section.

As already related to the FIGS. 1a and 1b mentioned, the corresponding support and provision of the center piece takes place in the known from the prior art train / shock devices using suitable Abstützanordnungen.

Of the Fig. 5 It can also be seen that the spring element 16, 17 has a preferably centered through hole 16 ', 17', through which the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10 extends in the assembled state, wherein those portions A of the center piece 12, which run through the provided in the spring element 16, 17 through hole 16 ', 17', positively abut the respective inner walls of the opening 16 ', 17'. This is especially in Fig. 3 shown.

Preferably, the through hole 16 ', 17' formed in the spring element 16, 17 has a cross-sectional shape different from a circular shape. According to Fig. 5 is an ellipse-like shape with a horizontally extending major axis and a vertical semi-axis before. The portions A of the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10, which extend through the through hole 16 ', 17' formed in the spring element 16, 17 and having such a (exact) circular shape different cross-sectional shape, thereby have a through hole 16 ', 17' corresponding cross-sectional shape to a flush concern to the Inner contour of the through hole 16 ', 17' to achieve. This corresponding cross-sectional shape of the sections A is in Fig. 6 to recognize.

In the Fig. 5 the inner contour of the spring element 16, 17 is formed ellipse-like. Accordingly, the outer contour of the corresponding portions A of the center piece 12 is formed ellipse-like, so that in an effective manner, a rotation of the center piece 12 relative to the spring elements 16, 17 and thus a rotation of the tie rod 2 relative to the spring elements 16, 17 can be prevented. In particular, so that the permanent rotation of the drawbar 2 relative to the base plate 11 can be prevented, and instead a provision is achieved.

Fig. 6 shows that in the pulling / pushing device 10 according to Fig. 2 used center piece 12 in an exploded view. The center piece 12 consists of the front spring plate 14, the rear spring plate 15 and the lock nut 18, wherein the rear spring plate 15 is pushed onto the center piece and fixed at the cart box side end of the center piece 12 by means of the lock nut 18 accordingly. The individual spring elements 16, 17 (see Fig. 5 ) are in Fig. 6 Not shown. They would be arranged in the assembled state between the front spring plate 14, the base plate 11 which is fixedly connected to the base of the car body, and the rear spring plate 15 biased.

As already related to Fig. 3 mentioned, the front spring plate 14 at the in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment of the center piece 12 integrally formed with the center piece 12. Between the front spring plate 14 and the rear spring plate 15 are the portions A of the center piece 12, which extend through the formed in the spring elements 16, 17 through openings 16 ', 17' therethrough.

In the preferred embodiment of Fig. 2 are the through holes 16 ', 17' of the spring elements 16, 17 - as already in connection with the Fig. 5 has been described - formed ellipse-like, so that the corresponding portions A of the center piece 12, which extend through the formed in the front spring member 16 through hole 16 'and through the formed in the rear spring member 17 through hole 17', a the respective through hole 16 ', 17 'have corresponding cross-sectional shape, which in the present case is an ellipse-like shape. Of course, it is also conceivable that only those portions A of the center piece 12, which is formed either by the formed in the front spring element 16 through hole 16 'or by the in the rear Spring element 17 formed through hole 17 'which have the inner contour of the respective through hole 16', 17 'corresponding outer contour.

The center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10 is designed, for example, as a single casting, due to the necessary elliptical contour of the respective sections, the front spring plate 14 being integrated directly in the center piece 12. Of course, other methods for producing the center piece 12 are also conceivable.

The assembly of the pulling / pushing device follows the existing donut variants (cf. Fig. 1a, 1b ). The spring elements 16, 17 and the base plate 11 are pushed onto the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10 and clamped by means of the spring plate 14, 15 and with a lock nut 18.

Fig. 7a shows a cross-sectional view of in Fig. 2 shown hinge assembly to illustrate the flow of force flow within the pull / push device when pressurized. In Fig. 7b is a cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 2 Shown joint assembly shown to illustrate the flow of force flow within the pull / push device under tensile load.

The main task of the pull / push device 10 is the transmission of tensile and compressive forces, as they occur during operation and act on the pull rod 2. The tensile and compressive forces on the pull rod 2, which is connected at its cart side end with the center piece 12 of the pull / push device 10, introduced into the system. The pressure forces are transmitted via the front spring plate 14 and the adjacent front spring element 16 to the base plate 11 ( Fig. 7a ). The tensile forces are conducted via the rear spring plate 15 and the rear spring element 17 on the base plate 11 ( Fig. 7b ). The base plate 11 is bolted to the (not explicitly shown) Wagenkastenuntergestell, so that the force is possible in the base frame.

Fig. 8 shows a plan view of the hinge assembly according to Fig. 2 , In this plan view, the deflection region of the drawbar 2 is indicated about the Z-axis; it is ± 25 ° in this case. For this purpose, it is necessary that the passage opening 13 is dimensioned accordingly by the base plate 11, so that a deflection of the tie rod 2 and the center piece 12 are possible in a pre-definable deflection range.

If the full deflection of the pull rod 2 or of the center piece 12 is reached, the pull rod 2 sets flat against the correspondingly shaped contour of the base plate 11.

The deflections and supports are realized in the illustrated in the figures preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention in the manner described above. The integrated in the pulling / pushing device 100 spring parts 16, 17 are very stressed components. The contours of these spring parts 16, 17 and the adjacent base plate 11 are designed in an advantageous manner so that on the one hand sufficient support is ensured, and on the other hand, however, enough space for the deformation of the elastomeric spring elements during compression or deflection is available.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the embodiment described in the figures, but is also possible in a plurality of variants.

Claims (8)

1. Joint arrangement for linking a draw bar (2) to a coach body, comprising draw/buffing gear (10) arranged at the coach body end of the draw bar (2) for transmitting tractive and impact forces acting on the draw bar (2) to a base plate (11) connected to the coach body, the draw/buffing gear (10) having a centre piece (12) connected to the coach body end of the draw bar (2) and extending the draw bar (2) in its longitudinal direction, the said centre piece extending through an inlet opening (13) provided in the base plate (11) and having a front spring plate (14) on the draw bar side and a rear spring plate (15) on the coach body side, and the draw/buffing gear (10) further having at least one front spring element (16) of resilient material arranged between the front spring plate (14) and the base plate (11) in the longitudinal direction of the draw bar and at least one rear spring element (17) of resilient material arranged between the base plate (11) and the rear spring plate (15) in the longitudinal direction of the draw bar in order to absorb the tractive and impact forces to be transmitted, characterised in that the at least one front spring element (16) and the at least one rear spring element (17) positively surround the centre piece (12) of the draw/buffing gear (10) and are designed in such a manner that they are each supported in the vertical and in the horizontal direction against the edge of the inlet opening (13) present in the base plate (11).
2. Joint arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that respective recess regions (19) extending at least partially along the respective periphery of the inlet opening (13) provided in the base plate (11) and having a shape matching the contour of the front or the rear spring element (16, 17) are provided in the end face (11') of the base plate (11) on the draw bar side and/or in the end face (11") of the base plate (11) on the coach body side, the respective spring element (16, 17) lying flush in the associated recess region (19) and being supported against it.
3. Joint arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the shape of the cross section of the inlet opening (13) provided in the base plate (11) is designed so as to allow for horizontal swivelling of the centre piece (12) of the draw/buffing gear (10) extending through the inlet opening (13) within a prescribed angular range, in particular through ± 25°, and therefore for deflection of the draw bar (2) connected to the centre piece (12) about the Z-axis.
4. Joint arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one front spring element (16) and/or the at least one rear spring element (17) each have an elliptical, oval, ellipse-like or similar cross-sectional shape at least at their respective pressure plate ends.
5. Joint arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the at least one front spring element (16) and/or the at least one rear spring element (17) each have an elliptical or ellipse-like cross-sectional shape with a horizontally extending major axis and a vertically extending semi-axis at their respective pressure plate ends.
6. Joint arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one front spring element (16) and the at least one rear spring element (17) each have a through hole (16', 17'), in particular a centrally arranged through hole, through which the centre piece (12) of the draw/buffing gear (10) extends, the through hole (16') formed in the front spring element (16) and/or the through hole (17') formed in the rear spring element (17) each having an elliptical, oval, ellipse-like or similar cross-sectional shape, and that the centre piece (12) of the draw/buffing gear (10) has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the respective through hole (16', 17') at least in the portions (A) extending through the through hole (16') formed in the front spring element (16) and/or through the through hole (17') formed in the rear spring element (17), where it bears flush against the inner contour of the through hole (16', 17').
7. Joint arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that the through hole (16') formed in the front spring element (16) and/or the through hole (17') formed in the rear spring element (17) each have an elliptical or ellipse-like cross-sectional shape with a horizontally extending major axis and a vertically extending semi-axis.
8. Joint arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one front spring element (16) and the at least one rear spring element (17) are pretensioned between the respective spring plates (14, 15) and the base plate (11) in the direction of traction/impact.

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