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EP1583403A1 - Ballast for at least one lamp - Google Patents

Ballast for at least one lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1583403A1
EP1583403A1 EP05004716A EP05004716A EP1583403A1 EP 1583403 A1 EP1583403 A1 EP 1583403A1 EP 05004716 A EP05004716 A EP 05004716A EP 05004716 A EP05004716 A EP 05004716A EP 1583403 A1 EP1583403 A1 EP 1583403A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductance
lamp
brake
ballast according
resonance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05004716A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1583403B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Kästle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP1583403A1 publication Critical patent/EP1583403A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/0009—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders
    • A47L9/0018—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders integrated in or removably mounted upon the suction cleaner for storing parts of said suction cleaner
    • A47L9/0036—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders integrated in or removably mounted upon the suction cleaner for storing parts of said suction cleaner specially adapted for holding the suction hose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/24—Hoses or pipes; Hose or pipe couplings
    • A47L9/248—Parts, details or accessories of hoses or pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ballast for at least one lamp, in particular a ballast according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the problem underlying the invention is the better understanding shown half the example of a high-pressure discharge lamp, as for example in WO 02/30162 A2, WO 03/024161 A1 or US 2002/0041165 A1 are described.
  • the invention can also be applied to other lamp types, used in particular other circuit topologies with resonance ignition become.
  • To operate a high pressure discharge lamp is a sinusoidal Operating AC voltage required, their operating frequency depending on the geometry of the Lamp burner in the range between 45 kHz to 55 kHz usually in 100 Hz cycle sawtooth is wobbled or gesweept.
  • the sweep operation generally prevents the excitation of acoustic resonances and thus contributes to the stabilization the plasma arc at.
  • the output stage of an electronic ballast for the above operating frequency range is usually with an LC resonant circuit realized.
  • the LC output circuit in addition to its impedance and filtering behavior are designed so that per resonant excitation, the generation of the lamp ignition voltage, typically each after lamp at 3.5 kV to 5 kV is possible.
  • the possibility of resonant Generation of the ignition voltage represents a special boundary condition with respect to Design and dimensioning of the LC circuit, since both the used Inductance and the capacity used a sufficiently high energy carrying capacity must have, so that reaches the necessary Zündnapssdorf can be. In the case of the inductance, therefore, an air gap is usually to be provided.
  • High pressure discharge lamps now have the property of being immediately after Ignition breakdown is not the nominal operating mode with nominal lamp impedance but the still cold lamp with a Gasverstärkungs trimbruch reacts and immediately after the ignition breakthrough for a short time, typically 0.5 ⁇ s to 100 ⁇ s, often completely conductive, d. H. the burning voltage less can be as 5V. Regarding the resonance output circuit charged to ignition voltage this represents a sudden short across which the on Ignition voltage charged effective capacity (including lamp line) accordingly be unloaded quickly and abruptly. These short-time short-circuit currents depending on the size of the effective capacity and the remaining Lead inductances increase up to several 100 A.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore a generic Further develop the ballast so that there is an improved, especially safer Lamp startup possible.
  • the stress that the components are exposed, and thus reduced lifetime of such Ballast can be achieved.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the current immediately after Zünd be kept below a predetermined, still acceptable threshold can, if a brake inductance is arranged in series with the lamp.
  • the circuit structure to understand which results in the AC equivalent circuit diagram.
  • the resonant capacitance parallel to the first and second Terminal arranged for the lamp when it is switched directly to ground or indirectly, for example via a power supply is coupled to the ground or Combinations of these two variants.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the resonance inductance and the first brake inductor wound on a common core are. This concept is based on the finding that a separate brake inductance, which is not wound on the core of the resonance inductance, also large must be designed so that it can carry the same energy as the resonance inductance. In particular, it would also have to have a core with an air gap. By the measure of this preferred embodiment can thus be Save core. This results in a reduction of the costs as well as the size.
  • the winding sense of the resonance inductance and this Brake inductance on the core is in the same direction.
  • the resonance inductance, the first and the second brake inductance, in particular in the same direction, wound on the same core compensate each other in nominal operation the effects of the two brake inductances, and the resonant arrangement including its filtering effect is identical to the arrangement with only one single resonance choke.
  • the by the coupling of the first and the second brake inductance resulting stray inductance at least 10 ⁇ H, preferably at least 40 ⁇ H, is.
  • the values of the brake inductances themselves are preferably at least 60 ⁇ H, even more preferably at least 120 ⁇ H.
  • the first brake inductance or the first and the second brake inductance, depending on how sensitive the one to be operated therewith Lamp is the current through the lamp after the ignition break of the lamp to a maximum of 50 A, preferably to a maximum of 30 A, limit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a ballast according to the invention.
  • switches S 1 and S 2 which are mutually opened and closed.
  • Corresponding drive circuits are well known to the person skilled in the art. They are supplied by a supply voltage U 0 , which is also connected to two coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 .
  • a lamp La is connected to a resonance ignition circuit having a resonance inductance L 1 and a resonance capacitance C 1 .
  • a brake inductance L B1 is provided, which is arranged in series with the lamp La, specifically between the lamp La and the resonant inductance L 1 .
  • the brake inductance L B1 must have the same energy carrying capacity as the resonance inductance L 1 used to generate the resonance voltage. As shown, the resonance inductance L 1 and the brake inductance L B1 are coupled in the same direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a ballast according to the invention with a half-bridge arrangement
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with a full-bridge arrangement in which the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 .
  • a second brake inductance L B2 is provided, which is arranged in series with the resonance capacity. It is wound on the same core as the resonance inductance L 1 and the first brake inductance L B1 , in particular also in the same direction.
  • the air gap is arranged below the second brake inductance to a To produce stray inductance of sufficient magnitude.
  • the effective brake inductance is accordingly the stray inductance L stray resulting from the coupling of the first brake inductance L B1 with the second brake inductance L B2 .
  • L litter is at least 10 ⁇ H, preferably at least 40 ⁇ H.
  • the braking inductance (s) is / are to be interpreted such that the current through the lamp is limited to a maximum of 50 A after ignition breakdown, preferably to a maximum 30 A.
  • FIG 4 shows the ballast according to the invention shown in Figure 3 in full bridge arrangement, the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 again.
  • the brake inductance LB1 which is connected in series with the lamp, always between the lamp La and the resonance inductance L1 switched.
  • the brake inductance LB1 in series with the Lamp is connected to the terminal of the lamp La connected to the Resonance ignition circuit is coupled. This connection has a high before the ignition Voltage against a ground potential.
  • the lamp La over a longer cable connected to the ballast, so forms between said port of Lamp La and the earth potential from a parasitic capacitance, which has a value of can have several hundred Pikopfarad.
  • a remedy against high discharge currents from parasitic capacitances creates an embodiment a ballast according to the invention according to Figure 5.
  • This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Figure 3.
  • the difference to Figure 3 is that now the lamp La between the Brake inductance LB1 and the resonance inductance L1 is connected.
  • the brake inductance LB1 is thus connected to the lamp terminal labeled 12.
  • This alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB 1 causes discharge currents of parasitic capacitances flow through the brake inductance LB1 and thus the Value of these discharge currents is reduced. Also discharge currents of parasitic Capacities can not in the embodiment of Figure 5, the ballast Disturb or destroy.
  • FIG. 5 is an alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 compared to the embodiment of Figure 3 shown. Corresponding can also be the embodiments of Figures 1, 2 and 4 with the alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 can be performed. This is then advantageous if parasitic capacitances to earth potential have large values. If a symmetrical wiring of the lamp La is desired, the brake inductance LB 1 also divided and arranged on both sides of the lamp La be.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

A starter for a lamp (La) comprises at least two series switches (S1,S2) having a control circuit , power connection (Uo) and resonance lighting circuit between the switches and lamp comprising a series inductance (L1) and resonance capacitor (C1) ac parallel to the lamp connections (10,12). A retarding inductance (LB1) is in series with the lamp.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe, insbesondere ein Vorschaltgerät nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The present invention relates to a ballast for at least one lamp, in particular a ballast according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Problematik wird der besseren Verständlichkeit halber am Beispiel einer Hochdruckentladungslampe dargestellt, wie sie beispielsweise in der WO 02/30162 A2, der WO 03/024161 A1 oder der US 2002/0041165 A1 beschrieben sind. Selbstverständlich kann die Erfindung auch bei anderen Lampentypen, insbesondere anderen Schaltungstopologien mit Resonanzzündung eingesetzt werden. Zum Betrieb einer Hochdruckentladungslampe wird eine sinusförmige Betriebswechselspannung benötigt, deren Betriebsfrequenz je nach Geometrie des Lampenbrenners im Bereich zwischen 45 kHz bis 55 kHz meist im 100 Hz-Takt sägezahnförmig gewobbelt bzw. gesweept wird. Der Sweepbetrieb verhindert im Allgemeinen die Anregung akustischer Resonanzen und trägt damit zur Stabilisierung des Plasmabogens bei. Die Ausgangsstufe eines elektronischen Vorschaltgeräts für den oben genannten Betriebsfrequenzbereich wird meist mit einem LC-Resonanzkreis realisiert. Zur Verringerung der Bauteilemenge und damit zur platz-und kostensparenden Realisierung des Vorschaltgeräts kann der LC-Ausgangskreis zusätzlich neben seinem Impedanz- und Filterverhalten so ausgelegt werden, dass per resonanter Anregung die Erzeugung der Lampenzündspannung, die typischerweise je nach Lampe bei 3,5 kV bis 5 kV liegt, ermöglicht wird. Die Möglichkeit zur resonanten Erzeugung der Zündspannung stellt eine besondere Randbedingung bezüglich der Auslegung und Dimensionierung des LC-Kreises dar, da hierbei sowohl die verwendete Induktivität als auch die verwendete Kapazität eine hinreichend hohe Energietragfähigkeit aufweisen muss, damit die notwendige Zündspannungshöhe erreicht werden kann. Bei der Induktivität ist daher meist ein Luftspalt vorzusehen.The problem underlying the invention is the better understanding shown half the example of a high-pressure discharge lamp, as for example in WO 02/30162 A2, WO 03/024161 A1 or US 2002/0041165 A1 are described. Of course, the invention can also be applied to other lamp types, used in particular other circuit topologies with resonance ignition become. To operate a high pressure discharge lamp is a sinusoidal Operating AC voltage required, their operating frequency depending on the geometry of the Lamp burner in the range between 45 kHz to 55 kHz usually in 100 Hz cycle sawtooth is wobbled or gesweept. The sweep operation generally prevents the excitation of acoustic resonances and thus contributes to the stabilization the plasma arc at. The output stage of an electronic ballast for the above operating frequency range is usually with an LC resonant circuit realized. To reduce the quantity of components and thus to place and cost-saving implementation of the ballast, the LC output circuit in addition to its impedance and filtering behavior are designed so that per resonant excitation, the generation of the lamp ignition voltage, typically each after lamp at 3.5 kV to 5 kV is possible. The possibility of resonant Generation of the ignition voltage represents a special boundary condition with respect to Design and dimensioning of the LC circuit, since both the used Inductance and the capacity used a sufficiently high energy carrying capacity must have, so that reaches the necessary Zündspannungshöhe can be. In the case of the inductance, therefore, an air gap is usually to be provided.

Hochdruckentladungslampen haben nun die Eigenschaft, dass sich unmittelbar nach dem Zünddurchbruch nicht der nominale Betriebsmodus mit nominaler Lampenimpedanz einstellt, sondern die noch kalte Lampe mit einem Gasverstärkungsdurchbruch reagiert und unmittelbar nach dem Zünddurchbruch für kurze Zeit, typischerweise 0,5 µs bis 100 µs, oft vollständig leitend wird, d. h. die Brennspannung weniger als 5 V betragen kann. Bezüglich des auf Zündspannung aufgeladenen Resonanzausgangskreises stellt dies einen schlagartigen Kurzschluss dar, über den die auf Zündspannung aufgeladenen effektiven Kapazitäten (inklusive Lampenleitung) dementsprechend schnell und abrupt entladen werden. Diese kurzzeitigen Kurzschlussströme können hierbei je nach Größe der wirksamen Kapazität und der restlichen Leitungsinduktivitäten bis auf mehrere 100 A ansteigen.High pressure discharge lamps now have the property of being immediately after Ignition breakdown is not the nominal operating mode with nominal lamp impedance but the still cold lamp with a Gasverstärkungsdurchbruch reacts and immediately after the ignition breakthrough for a short time, typically 0.5 μs to 100 μs, often completely conductive, d. H. the burning voltage less can be as 5V. Regarding the resonance output circuit charged to ignition voltage this represents a sudden short across which the on Ignition voltage charged effective capacity (including lamp line) accordingly be unloaded quickly and abruptly. These short-time short-circuit currents depending on the size of the effective capacity and the remaining Lead inductances increase up to several 100 A.

Dieses unstete Anlaufverhalten einer Hochdrucklampe nach dem Zünddurchbruch stellt für die beteiligten Bauteile, insbesondere für die Kondensatoren im Resonanzkreis als auch, infolge von Streuströmen, für die der übrigen Elektronik des Vorschaltgeräts, eine Stresssituation dar, die oft zu Ausfällen und damit zur Zerstörung des Vorschaltgeräts führen kann.This unsteady start-up behavior of a high-pressure lamp after Zünddurchbruch represents for the involved components, in particular for the capacitors in the resonant circuit as well as, due to stray currents, for the other ballast electronics, a stress situation that often leads to failures and thus to destruction lead the ballast.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist keine Maßnahme bekannt, diese Stresssituation zu verhindern.From the prior art, no measure is known to this stress situation prevent.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, ein gattungsgemäßes Vorschaltgerät derart weiterzubilden, dass es einen verbesserten, insbesondere sichereren Lampenanlauf ermöglicht. Hierbei soll insbesondere der Stress, dem die Bauteile ausgesetzt sind, reduziert und damit eine höhere Lebensdauer eines derartigen Vorschaltgeräts erzielt werden. The object of the present invention is therefore a generic Further develop the ballast so that there is an improved, especially safer Lamp startup possible. Here, in particular, the stress that the components are exposed, and thus reduced lifetime of such Ballast can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Vorschaltgerät mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 1.This object is achieved by a ballast with the features of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass der Strom unmittelbar nach dem Zünddurchbruch unter einer vorgebbaren, noch akzeptablen Schwelle gehalten werden kann, wenn seriell zur Lampe eine Bremsinduktivität angeordnet wird.The invention is based on the finding that the current immediately after Zünddurchbruch be kept below a predetermined, still acceptable threshold can, if a brake inductance is arranged in series with the lamp.

Unter wechselstrommäßig ist im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung die Schaltungsstruktur zu verstehen, die sich im Wechselstromersatzschaltbild ergibt. Beispielsweise ist wechselstrommäßig die Resonanzkapazität parallel zum ersten und zweiten Anschluss für die Lampe angeordnet, wenn sie direkt auf Masse geschaltet wird oder indirekt, beispielsweise über eine Stromversorgung, mit der Masse gekoppelt ist oder Kombinationen aus diesen beiden Varianten.Under alternating current is in the context of the present application, the circuit structure to understand, which results in the AC equivalent circuit diagram. For example is AC-responsive, the resonant capacitance parallel to the first and second Terminal arranged for the lamp when it is switched directly to ground or indirectly, for example via a power supply, is coupled to the ground or Combinations of these two variants.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Resonanzinduktivität und die erste Bremsinduktivität auf einem gemeinsamen Kern gewickelt sind. Diesem Konzept liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass eine separate Bremsinduktivität, die nicht auf dem Kern der Resonanzinduktivität gewickelt ist, ebenfalls groß ausgelegt werden muss, damit sie dieselbe Energie tragen kann wie die Resonanzinduktivität. Insbesondere müsste sie damit ebenfalls einen Kern mit Luftspalt aufweisen. Durch die Maßnahme dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform lässt sich somit ein Kern einsparen. Dies resultiert in einer Reduktion der Kosten sowie der Baugröße.A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the resonance inductance and the first brake inductor wound on a common core are. This concept is based on the finding that a separate brake inductance, which is not wound on the core of the resonance inductance, also large must be designed so that it can carry the same energy as the resonance inductance. In particular, it would also have to have a core with an air gap. By the measure of this preferred embodiment can thus be Save core. This results in a reduction of the costs as well as the size.

Bevorzugt ist hierbei, dass der Wicklungssinn der Resonanzinduktivität und dieser Bremsinduktivität auf dem Kern gleichsinnig ist.In this case, it is preferred that the winding sense of the resonance inductance and this Brake inductance on the core is in the same direction.

Die Verwendung nur einer Bremsinduktivität, die auf demselben Kern gleichsinnig wie die Resonanzinduktivität gewickelt ist, führt jedoch dazu, dass von der Resonanzinduktivität, die ja gleichzeitig die Filterinduktivität im Nominalbetrieb darstellt, Anteile des rechteckförmigen Spannungssignals im Verbindungspunkt der beiden Schalter zur ersten Bremsinduktivität übertragen werden und dadurch Oberwellen im Spektrum des die Lampe ansteuernden Stroms enthalten sind. Damit liegt an der Lampe ein Signal an, das Rechteckanteile aufweist und bei empfindlichen Lampen zu den dem Fachmann bekannten Nachteilen führt, beispielsweise schlechte Leuchtwerte, Erhöhung der Gefahr des Erlöschens, etc.The use of only one brake inductance, the same core in the same core however, as the resonance inductance is wound, it results in that of the resonance inductance, which at the same time represents the filter inductance in the nominal mode, Proportions of the rectangular voltage signal at the junction of the two Switches are transmitted to the first Bremsinduktivität and thereby harmonics in Spectrum of the lamp driving current are included. This is due to the Lamp indicates a signal that has rectangular components and sensitive lamps leads to the disadvantages known to the person skilled in the art, for example bad luminous values, Increasing the risk of extinction, etc.

Diesem Problem kann begegnet werden, indem eine zweite Bremsinduktivität vorgesehen wird, die seriell zu der Resonanzkapazität angeordnet ist. Bevorzugt sind die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität gleich groß.This problem can be addressed by providing a second brake inductor which is arranged in series with the resonance capacitance. Preferred are the first and the second brake inductance equal.

Werden die Resonanzinduktivität, die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität, insbesondere gleichsinnig, auf demselben Kern gewickelt, kompensieren sich im Nominalbetrieb die Wirkungen der beiden Bremsinduktivitäten, und die Resonanzanordnung einschließlich ihrer Filterwirkung ist identisch zur Anordnung mit nur einer einzigen Resonanzdrossel.Be the resonance inductance, the first and the second brake inductance, in particular in the same direction, wound on the same core, compensate each other in nominal operation the effects of the two brake inductances, and the resonant arrangement including its filtering effect is identical to the arrangement with only one single resonance choke.

Nach dem Zünddurchbruch hingegen heben sich die Wirkungen der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität nicht vollständig auf. Durch lose Kopplung entsteht nämlich eine verbleibende Streuinduktivität, die ebenfalls die volle Strom- und Energietragfähigkeit aufweist und die damit nach dem Zünddurchbruch die Höhe des Entladestroms durch die Lampe hinreichend gut begrenzen kann.After the ignition breakthrough, on the other hand, the effects of the first and the second break away second brake inductance is not complete. By loose coupling namely arises a residual stray inductance, which also has full power and energy carrying capacity and thus the amount of the discharge current after the ignition breakdown can limit sufficiently well by the lamp.

Es ist bevorzugt, dass die durch die Kopplung der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität ergebende Streuinduktivität mindestens 10 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 40 µH, beträgt.It is preferred that the by the coupling of the first and the second brake inductance resulting stray inductance at least 10 μH, preferably at least 40 μH, is.

Die Werte der Bremsinduktivitäten selbst betragen bevorzugt mindestens 60 µH, noch bevorzugter mindestens 120 µH.The values of the brake inductances themselves are preferably at least 60 μH, even more preferably at least 120 μH.

Ganz allgemein lässt sich festhalten, dass die erste Bremsinduktivität oder die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität, je nach dem wie empfindlich die damit zu betreibende Lampe ist, den Strom durch die Lampe nach dem Zünddurchbruch der Lampe auf maximal 50 A, bevorzugt auf maximal 30 A, begrenzen.In general, it can be stated that the first brake inductance or the first and the second brake inductance, depending on how sensitive the one to be operated therewith Lamp is the current through the lamp after the ignition break of the lamp to a maximum of 50 A, preferably to a maximum of 30 A, limit.

Wie für den Fachmann offensichtlich, ist es für die Realisierung der Erfindung unerheblich, ob ein LC-Resonanzkreis für den Nominalbetrieb der Lampe und ein LC-Resonanzzündkreis separat ausgebildet sind oder durch ein und dieselbe LC-Schaltung realisiert sind. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it is immaterial to the realization of the invention whether an LC resonant circuit for the nominal operation of the lamp and a LC resonance ignition circuit are formed separately or by one and the same LC circuit are realized.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Im Nachfolgenden werden nunmehr Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit einer Bremsinduktivität;
Figur 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit einer Bremsinduktivität;
Figur 3
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten; und
Figur 4
ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten.
Figur 5
ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten.
In the following, embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a first embodiment of a ballast according to the invention with a brake inductance;
FIG. 2
A second embodiment of a ballast according to the invention with a Bremsinduktivität;
FIG. 3
A third embodiment of a ballast according to the invention with two Bremsinduktivitäten; and
FIG. 4
A fourth embodiment of a ballast according to the invention with two Bremsinduktivitäten.
FIG. 5
A fifth embodiment of a ballast according to the invention with two Bremsinduktivitäten.

Bevorzugte Ausführung der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Figur 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts. Es sind zwei Schalter S1 und S2 vorhanden, die wechselseitig geöffnet und geschlossen werden. Entsprechende Ansteuerschaltungen sind dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt. Sie werden versorgt von einer Versorgungsspannung U0, die außerdem mit zwei Koppelkondensatoren CK1 und CK2 verbunden ist. Eine Lampe La ist mit einem Resonanzzündkreis verbunden, der eine Resonanzinduktivität L1 und eine Resonanzkapazität C1 aufweist. Zur Kontrolle des Entladungsstroms der effektiven Kapazitäten direkt nach dem Zünddurchbruch ist eine Bremsinduktivität LB1 vorgesehen, die seriell zur Lampe La und zwar zwischen Lampe La und Resonanzinduktivität L1 angeordnet ist. Für eine optimale Kontrolle des Entladungsstroms muss die Bremsinduktivität LB1 dieselbe Energietragfähigkeit besitzen wie die zur Erzeugung der Resonanzspannung verwendete Resonanzinduktivität L1. Wie dargestellt sind die Resonanzinduktivität L1 und die Bremsinduktivität LB1 gleichsinnig gekoppelt.FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a ballast according to the invention. There are two switches S 1 and S 2 , which are mutually opened and closed. Corresponding drive circuits are well known to the person skilled in the art. They are supplied by a supply voltage U 0 , which is also connected to two coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 . A lamp La is connected to a resonance ignition circuit having a resonance inductance L 1 and a resonance capacitance C 1 . To control the discharge current of the effective capacitances directly after the ignition breakdown, a brake inductance L B1 is provided, which is arranged in series with the lamp La, specifically between the lamp La and the resonant inductance L 1 . For optimum control of the discharge current, the brake inductance L B1 must have the same energy carrying capacity as the resonance inductance L 1 used to generate the resonance voltage. As shown, the resonance inductance L 1 and the brake inductance L B1 are coupled in the same direction.

Während Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Vorschaltgerät mit einer Halbbrückenanordnung zeigt, ist in Figur 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Vollbrückenanordnung gezeigt, bei der die Koppelkondensatoren CK1 und CK2 durch Schalter S3 und S4 ersetzt sind.While FIG. 1 shows a ballast according to the invention with a half-bridge arrangement, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with a full-bridge arrangement in which the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 .

Bei dem in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts ist eine zweite Bremsinduktivität LB2 vorgesehen, die seriell zur Resonanzkapazität angeordnet ist. Sie ist auf demselben Kern wie die Resonanzinduktivität L1 und die erste Bremsinduktivität LB1 gewickelt, insbesondere auch gleichsinnig.In the embodiment of a ballast according to the invention shown in Figure 3, a second brake inductance L B2 is provided, which is arranged in series with the resonance capacity. It is wound on the same core as the resonance inductance L 1 and the first brake inductance L B1 , in particular also in the same direction.

Bevorzugt ist der Luftspalt unter der zweiten Bremsinduktivität angeordnet, um eine Streuinduktivität ausreichender Größe zu erzeugen.Preferably, the air gap is arranged below the second brake inductance to a To produce stray inductance of sufficient magnitude.

Die effektive Bremsinduktivität ist demnach die Streuinduktivität LStreu resultierend aus der Kopplung der ersten Bremsinduktivität LB1 mit der zweiten Bremsinduktivität LB2. LStreu beträgt mindestens 10 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 40 µH. Der maximale Strom Imax ergibt sich, wenn alle wirksamen Kapazitäten zu einer effektiven Kapazität C zusammengefasst sind und U die Spannung an einer derartigen effektiven Kapazität ist zu I max = 12 CU 2 12 L Streu The effective brake inductance is accordingly the stray inductance L stray resulting from the coupling of the first brake inductance L B1 with the second brake inductance L B2 . L litter is at least 10 μH, preferably at least 40 μH. The maximum current I max results when all the effective capacitances are combined into an effective capacitance C and U is the voltage across such an effective capacitance I Max = 1 2 CU 2 1 2 L litter

Die Bremsinduktivität(en) ist/sind derart auszulegen, dass der Strom durch die Lampe nach dem Zünddurchbruch auf maximal 50 A begrenzt ist, bevorzugt auf maximal 30 A. The braking inductance (s) is / are to be interpreted such that the current through the lamp is limited to a maximum of 50 A after ignition breakdown, preferably to a maximum 30 A.

Figur 4 zeigt das in Figur 3 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorschaltgerät in Vollbrückenanordnung, wobei die Koppelkondensatoren CK1 und CK2 wieder durch Schalter S3 und S4 ersetzt sind.Figure 4 shows the ballast according to the invention shown in Figure 3 in full bridge arrangement, the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 again.

In den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Figuren 1-4 ist die Bremsinduktivität LB1, die in Serie zur Lampe geschaltet ist, immer zwischen die Lampe La und die Resonanzinduktivität L1 geschaltet. D. h. die Bremsinduktivität LB1, die in Serie zur Lampe geschaltet ist, ist mit dem Anschluss der Lampe La verbunden, der mit dem Resonanzzündkreis gekoppelt ist. Dieser Anschluss hat vor der Zündung eine hohe Spannung gegenüber einem Erdpotenzial. Ist die Lampe La über ein längeres Kabel mit dem Vorschaltgerät verbunden, so bildet sich zwischen besagtem Anschluss der Lampe La und dem Erdpotenzial eine parasitäre Kapazität aus, die einen Wert von mehreren hundert Pikopfarad aufweisen kann. In den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Figuren 1-4 kann sich während des Gasverstärkungsdurchbruchs der Lampe La die in der parasitären Kapazität gespeicherte Energie ungebremst über einen Schutzleiter- oder Erdanschluss entladen. Diese Entladung kann zur Störung oder Zerstörung des Vorschaltgeräts führen. Insbesondere auch deshalb weil Entladeströme über Masseleitungen fließen und damit Bezugpotenziale des Vorschaltgeräts verschoben werden.In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1-4, the brake inductance LB1, which is connected in series with the lamp, always between the lamp La and the resonance inductance L1 switched. Ie. the brake inductance LB1, in series with the Lamp is connected to the terminal of the lamp La connected to the Resonance ignition circuit is coupled. This connection has a high before the ignition Voltage against a ground potential. Is the lamp La over a longer cable connected to the ballast, so forms between said port of Lamp La and the earth potential from a parasitic capacitance, which has a value of can have several hundred Pikopfarad. In the embodiments according to 1-4, during the gas amplification breakdown of the lamp La the energy stored in the parasitic capacitance is unrestrained via a protective conductor or discharge the earth connection. This discharge can cause disruption or destruction lead the ballast. In particular also because discharge currents over Ground lines flow and thus reference potentials of the ballast shifted become.

Abhilfe gegen hohe Entladeströme aus parasitären Kapazitäten schafft ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts gemäß Figur 5. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht im wesentlichen dem Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 3. Der Unterschied zu Figur 3 besteht darin, dass nun die Lampe La zwischen die Bremsinduktivität LB1 und der Resonanzinduktivität L1 geschaltet ist. Die Bremsinduktivität LB1 ist somit mit dem mit 12 bezeichneten Lampenanschluss verbunden. Diese alternative Anordnung der Bremsinduktivität LB 1 bewirkt, dass Entladeströme von parasitären Kapazitäten durch die Bremsinduktivität LB1 fließen und somit der Wert auch dieser Entladeströme reduziert ist. Auch Entladeströme von parasitären Kapazitäten können im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 5 das Vorschaltgerät nicht Stören oder Zerstören. A remedy against high discharge currents from parasitic capacitances creates an embodiment a ballast according to the invention according to Figure 5. This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Figure 3. The difference to Figure 3 is that now the lamp La between the Brake inductance LB1 and the resonance inductance L1 is connected. The brake inductance LB1 is thus connected to the lamp terminal labeled 12. This alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB 1 causes discharge currents of parasitic capacitances flow through the brake inductance LB1 and thus the Value of these discharge currents is reduced. Also discharge currents of parasitic Capacities can not in the embodiment of Figure 5, the ballast Disturb or destroy.

Die obigen Ausführungen zu Wickelsinn und Kopplungen gelten auch für diese Bremsinduktivität LB 1.The above statements on winding direction and couplings also apply to these Braking inductance LB 1.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 5 ist eine alternative Anordnung der Bremsinduktivität LB1 im Vergleich zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3 gezeigt. Entsprechend können auch die Ausführungsbeispiele aus den Figuren 1, 2 und 4 mit der alternativen Anordnung der Bremsinduktivität LB1 ausgeführt werden. Dies ist dann vorteilhaft, wenn parasitäre Kapazitäten zum Erdpotenzial große Werte aufweisen. Falls eine symmetrische Beschaltung der Lampe La gewünscht ist, kann die Bremsinduktivität LB 1 auch aufgeteilt und auf beiden Seiten der Lampe La angeordnet sein.In the embodiment of Figure 5 is an alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 compared to the embodiment of Figure 3 shown. Corresponding can also be the embodiments of Figures 1, 2 and 4 with the alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 can be performed. This is then advantageous if parasitic capacitances to earth potential have large values. If a symmetrical wiring of the lamp La is desired, the brake inductance LB 1 also divided and arranged on both sides of the lamp La be.

Claims (13)

Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe (La) mit mindestens zwei Schaltern (S1, S2), wobei jeweils zwei Schalter seriell angeordnet sind; einer Ansteuerschaltung zum abwechselnden Öffnen und Schließen von mindestens zwei seriell angeordneten Schaltern; einem Anschluss zum Anlegen einer Versorgungsspannung (U0) an jeweils zwei seriell angeordnete Schalter (S1, S2); einem Resonanzzündkreis, wobei der Resonanzzündkreis eingangsseitig an den Verbindungspunkt zweier seriell angeordneter Schalter (S1, S2) und ausgangsseitig an einen ersten Anschluss (10) für die Lampe (La) gekoppelt ist, wobei der Resonanzzündkreis eine Resonanzinduktivität (L1) aufweist, die seriell zum Verbindungspunkt zwischen den beiden Schaltern (S1, S2) und dem ersten Anschluss (10) für die Lampe (La) angeordnet ist, und eine Resonanzkapazität (C1), die wechselstrommäßig parallel zum ersten und zweiten Anschluss (10, 12) für die Lampe (La) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) vorgesehen ist, die wechselstrommäßig erstens seriell zur Lampe (La) und zweitens parallel zur Resonanzkapazität (C1) angeordnet ist.Ballast for at least one lamp (La) with at least two switches (S 1 , S 2 ), wherein in each case two switches are arranged in series; a drive circuit for alternately opening and closing at least two serially arranged switches; a terminal for applying a supply voltage (U 0 ) to in each case two serially arranged switches (S 1 , S 2 ); a Resonanzzündkreis, the Resonanzzündkreis the input side to the connection point of two serially arranged switch (S 1 , S 2 ) and the output side to a first terminal (10) for the lamp (La) is coupled, wherein the Resonanzzündkreis has a resonance inductance (L 1 ), which is arranged in series with the connection point between the two switches (S 1 , S 2 ) and the first terminal (10) for the lamp (La), and a resonance capacitor (C 1 ) which is AC-parallel to the first and second terminals (10, 12) is arranged for the lamp (La), characterized in that a first Bremsinduktivität (L B1 ) is provided, which is arranged AC firstly serially to the lamp (La) and secondly parallel to the resonant capacitance (C 1 ). Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) und die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) auf einem gemeinsamen Kern gewickelt sind.Ballast according to claim 1,
characterized in that the resonance inductance (L 1 ) and the first brake inductance (L B1 ) are wound on a common core. Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern Teil der Resonanzinduktivität (L1) ist.Ballast according to claim 2,
characterized in that the core is part of the resonance inductance (L 1 ). Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wicklungssinn der Resonanzinduktivität (L1) und der ersten Bremsinduktivität (LB1) auf dem Kern gleichsinnig ist.Ballast according to one of claims 2 to 3,
characterized in that the winding sense of the resonance inductance (L 1 ) and the first brake inductance (L B1 ) is in the same direction on the core. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB2) vorhanden ist, die seriell zu der Resonanzkapazität (C1) angeordnet ist.Ballast according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that there is a second brake inductor (L B2 ) arranged serially to the resonant capacitor (C 1 ). Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) gleich groß sind.Ballast according to claim 5,
characterized in that the first and the second brake inductance (L B1 , L B2 ) are equal. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Resonanzinduktivität (L1), die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) auf demselben Kern gewickelt sind.Ballast according to one of claims 5 or 6,
characterized in that the resonance inductance (L 1 ), the first and second brake inductances (L B1 , L B2 ) are wound on the same core. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wicklungssinn der Resonanzinduktivität (L1), der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) gleichsinnig ist.Ballast according to one of claims 5 to 7,
characterized in that the winding sense of the resonance inductance (L 1 ), the first and the second brake inductance (L B1 , L B2 ) is in the same direction. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kopplung der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) eine Streuinduktivität (LStreu) ergibt, die mindestens 10 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 40 µH beträgt.Ballast according to one of claims 5 to 8,
characterized in that the coupling of the first and the second brake inductance (L B1 , L B2 ) results in a leakage inductance (L stray ) which is at least 10 μH, preferably at least 40 μH. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Bremsinduktivität (LB1; LB2) mindestens 60 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 120 µH aufweist.Ballast according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that each brake inductance (L B1 ; L B2 ) has at least 60 μH, preferably at least 120 μH. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) oder die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) ausgelegt sind, den Strom (Imax) durch die Lampe (La) nach dem Zünddurchbruch der Lampe (La) auf maximal 50 A, bevorzugt auf maximal 30 A zu begrenzen.Ballast according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the first brake inductance (L B1 ) or the first and the second brake inductance (L B1 , L B2 ) are designed to maximize the current (I max ) through the lamp (La) after the ignition breakdown of the lamp (La) 50 A, preferably to a maximum of 30 A limit. Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) zwischen die Lampe (La) und die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) geschaltet ist.Ballast according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the first brake inductance (L B1 ) is connected between the lamp (La) and the resonance inductance (L 1 ). Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lampe (La) zwischen die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) und die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) geschaltet ist.Ballast according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that the lamp (La) is connected between the first brake inductance (L B1 ) and the resonance inductance (L 1 ).
EP05004716A 2004-04-02 2005-03-03 Ballast for at least one lamp Not-in-force EP1583403B1 (en)

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CN101461289A (en) * 2006-05-31 2009-06-17 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 Method and system for operating a gas discharge lamp
JP2009539218A (en) * 2006-05-31 2009-11-12 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ Method and system for operating a gas discharge lamp
DE102009052702A1 (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-12 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Circuit arrangement for operating gas-discharge lamp, has four-pole network arranged for damping predetermined harmonic of fundamental frequency from lamp power, where harmonic is produced during inversion
US10461651B2 (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-10-29 Abb Schweiz Ag Soft-switching power converters using air-core resonant inductor

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EP0855850A1 (en) * 1997-01-27 1998-07-29 MAGNETEK S.p.A. A power supply for discharge lamps with balanced resonant circuit
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US7129649B2 (en) 2006-10-31
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JP4843243B2 (en) 2011-12-21
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ATE514316T1 (en) 2011-07-15
CA2502846A1 (en) 2005-10-02
CN1678159A (en) 2005-10-05
EP1583403B1 (en) 2011-06-22
US20050218833A1 (en) 2005-10-06
CN1678159B (en) 2010-08-18
KR101145536B1 (en) 2012-05-15
TW200605734A (en) 2006-02-01

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