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EP1492979B1 - Pressurized fluid tank, in particular compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Pressurized fluid tank, in particular compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1492979B1
EP1492979B1 EP20030745828 EP03745828A EP1492979B1 EP 1492979 B1 EP1492979 B1 EP 1492979B1 EP 20030745828 EP20030745828 EP 20030745828 EP 03745828 A EP03745828 A EP 03745828A EP 1492979 B1 EP1492979 B1 EP 1492979B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
containers
tank according
cylindrical body
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20030745828
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1492979A2 (en
Inventor
Antoine Hervio
Philippe Malarge
Jacques Pescheux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA filed Critical SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA
Publication of EP1492979A2 publication Critical patent/EP1492979A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1492979B1 publication Critical patent/EP1492979B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0166—Shape complex divided in several chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0171—Shape complex comprising a communication hole between chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0673—Polymers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0138—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0146—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels with details of the manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0169—Details of mounting arrangements stackable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0308—Protective caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F17C2205/0317—Closure means fusing or melting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/035—Flow reducers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2109—Moulding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F17C2209/2163—Winding with a mandrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/018—Adapting dimensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4673—Plural tanks or compartments with parallel flow
    • Y10T137/474—With housings, supports or stacking arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4673—Plural tanks or compartments with parallel flow
    • Y10T137/4841—With cross connecting passage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tank for high pressure fluid, that is to say a pressure greater than 1 MPa.
  • a particular, but not exclusive, field of application of the invention is that of CNG tanks (Natural Gas Vehicle) intended for contain a compressed gas at about 20 MPa for a motor vehicle.
  • CNG tanks Natural Gas Vehicle
  • a compressed gas at about 20 MPa for a motor vehicle.
  • existing tanks consist of one or more containers elementals, or modules of cylindrical general shape and made either in metallic material, either of composite material.
  • modules When the modules are made of metal material, they have a relatively low construction index. In the case of modules made of material composite, the construction index is significantly higher but the pressure resistance stress induces a high wall thickness, this which affects the filling factor. In addition, the realization of monolithic tanks of the bottom type + ferrule made of composite material major manufacturing constraints, particularly for the production winding and / or draping the fibrous reinforcement of the composite material, and for the necessary tools, in particular mandrels or shapes which must allow disassembly of the wound or draped structure.
  • each lid is held by a single strap longitudinal axis which bears on part of the edge of the lid does not guarantee a holding at high pressures.
  • each longitudinal strap is common to two parts of tanks limits the flexibility in the construction of the tank, in particular does not allow to assemble parts of tanks of different lengths.
  • JP 10-274391 shows the use of peripheral straps in the form of ribbons reinforced by fibers.
  • the purpose of the invention is to propose reservoirs for fluid under pressure formed from one or a plurality of containers elementary, but with a simplification of the realization of the basic containers, and therefore a significant reduction in the cost of manufacturing, while allowing the production of compact tanks and performing.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose reservoirs having a excellent performance under high pressures, typically pressures of the order of those encountered in CNG tanks, that is to say about 20 MPa.
  • the invention also aims to allow a construction modular design with great flexibility and in particular a construction of tanks of various shapes adaptable to available locations for housing the tanks.
  • the or each container comprises a cylindrical body of composite material, two flanges closing the body cylindrical at its axial ends, and at least two straps which encircle the container substantially longitudinally while taking on parts of the outer faces of the flanges, and which are arranged on either side of a median longitudinal plane of the body cylindrical.
  • the straps can be made of metallic material or material composite. In the latter case, they comprise a fibrous reinforcement formed continuous fibers.
  • the flanges may be made of metallic material or material structural composite.
  • each strap passes through a groove made to the outer face of each flange.
  • each flange has a plug shape with a portion sealingly engaged at one end of the body cylindrical.
  • a rotational locking element may furthermore be provided between the cylindrical body and at least one of the flanges for to oppose a rotation of the flange relative to the cylindrical body around the axis of it.
  • each container can be provided with an inner lining of fluid-tight material, depending on the nature of the constituent materials of the container and the fluid content.
  • these form part of advantageously in parallelepipedal or prismatic volumes defined by the flanges, which allows an assembly of the containers of modular way by placing them side by side.
  • the mechanical connection between two adjacent containers can then be be obtained by a mechanical link connecting them for example at the level of the flanges arranged side by side of these two containers.
  • containers can be assembled into a bundle being held together at least partially by a device circling the beam.
  • Containers can be different lengths.
  • the internal volumes of two adjacent containers can be put in communication with each other through at least one link of fluid connecting flanges located side by side of these two containers.
  • At least some of the containers can be connected to a fluid manifold by at least one outlet formed through a flange.
  • FIG. 1 shows a tank 10 formed of an assembly of modules or basic containers 20 arranged side by side (not all shown).
  • Each container 20 comprises a cylindrical body 22 closed at its axial ends by flanges 30.
  • the containers 20 are arranged parallel to each other, each registering inside a parallelepipedic volume 21 defined by the shape of the flasks 30. All the containers are part of a volume defined by the size allowed for the tank. In cross section, this together is part of a regular or non-regular polygon, some containers may also have lengths different from those other containers, so that the tank may have recesses or projecting parts (not shown in Figure 1).
  • FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate in more detail an elementary container 20.
  • the cylindrical body 22 for example of circular section, is made of structural composite material formed of fibrous reinforcement densified by a matrix.
  • the fibers of the reinforcement may be, for example, fibers in carbon, glass, aramid, polyethylene or other.
  • the matrix can be by example in a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.
  • the body cylindrical 22 may also be of thermostructural composite material with reinforcing fibers and matrix in carbon or ceramic.
  • the cylindrical body 22 gives the container 20 the holding at the radial component of the pressure of the fluid it contains.
  • cylindrical body 22 Various known methods can be used to realize the cylindrical body 22, such as, for example, the wire filament winding prepreg on a mandrel, or the winding of strips or strata fibrous pre-impregnated on a mandrel or the molding of strata with resin transfer (or RTM process).
  • the cylindrical shape allows also to use the pultrusion process which allows the continuous production of tubes of great length in which the bodies cylindrical 22 are cut to the desired lengths.
  • the cylindrical body 22 is provided if necessary on its inner face a coating 24 (or liner) sealed to thick fluids substantially constant.
  • the coating 24 may be formed by a sheet metal, for example aluminum alloy, or by a material plastic, for example polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or by an elastomer.
  • the coating 24 is present at least over the entire internal surface in contact with the fluid.
  • the coating 24 can be glued on the inside of the body cylindrical 22 after completion thereof.
  • the integration of coating 24 can be performed at the body-making stage cylindrical 22, for example by performing a winding or draping directly on the cover sheet or by carrying out the pultrusion with simultaneous supply of the coating material.
  • the flanges 30 closing the cylindrical body 22 at its ends have a plug shape with a head 32 which bears on the end of the cylindrical body and a skirt 34 which penetrates inside thereof.
  • the flanges can be made in one piece of material structural composite. As the cylindrical body 22, the flanges may be provided with a fluid-tight coating if necessary on their internal surfaces, coating made in continuity with that 24 of the cylindrical body 22.
  • the flanges 30 are made in one piece from metallic material, for example aluminum alloy.
  • the head 32 has a polygonal cross section which is part of the section of the parallelepipedal volume 21 defining the bulk of the container 20.
  • the skirt 34 has at least one groove in which is housed a seal 35 which rests on the inner face of the coating 24.
  • a locking rotation is produced by means for example of one or more pins 16, each housed through a lumen 28 formed in the wall of the body cylindrical 22 and in a blind hole formed in the skirt 34, on the side outside of the seal 35 with respect to the internal volume of the container.
  • the light 28 extends in the longitudinal direction to allow a relative axial displacement between the cylindrical body and the flange when the container is under pressure.
  • the holding flanges 30 at the axial pressure exerted by the fluid contained in the primary tank 20 is ensured by at least two straps 40 a, 40 b. These surround the container 20 longitudinally relying on the external faces of the flanges 30.
  • the straps 40 a, 40 b pass through grooves 36 a, 36 b formed in the outer faces of the heads 32 of the flanges, of so that the straps are effectively held in position.
  • the depth of the grooves 36 a, 36 b is chosen so that the straps 40, 40 b housed them throughout their thickness and does not create protrusions on the outer faces of the heads 32.
  • the grooves 36a, 36b ensure thus a function of protecting the straps at the ends of the container in addition to the guiding function.
  • An interposing layer for example of elastomer, may be disposed at the bottom of the grooves 36a, 36b, the straps pressing the interposer layer.
  • the straps 40, 40 b may be constituted by metal strips fixed around the container.
  • the straps are made of a structural composite material with fibrous reinforcement and matrix, for example resin.
  • the fibers of the reinforcement are continuous fibers making it possible to withstand the longitudinal forces.
  • the fibers may be carbon, glass, aramid, polyethylene or other, while the matrix is for example a phenolic or epoxy resin.
  • the straps 40, 40 b can then be implemented by winding filaments or fiber fabric prepreg tape by the matrix resin.
  • the two straps 40 a, 40 b extend along planes parallel to each other situated on either side of a median plane of the container. In this way, the straps 40, 40 b and the reliefs of the gorge 36, 36 b fit into the box volume 21 and do not increase the footprint.
  • each container elementary is in internal communication with each or at least one of his neighbors at one end.
  • tubular connectors 42 provided with an internal passage 42a are provided to be inserted into holes 38 formed in at least one of the side faces 32 1 , 32 2 , 32 3 , 32 4 of the heads 32 of the flanges 30.
  • Seals 46 are also mounted on the connectors 42 to interpose between the parts of the fittings penetrating the holes 38 and the inner walls thereof. The holding in position of the tubular connector 42 between the two adjacent plates is obtained for example by the presence of a flange 44 being received in counterbores 38 has formed in the adjacent side faces of the flanges 30.
  • Each container is in direct natural physical contact with one or more adjacent containers by support between flanges 30 at the faces 32 1 , 32 2 , 32 3 , 32 4 .
  • the assembly can be achieved by means of local fasteners such as flanges 50 fixed for example by screws 51 engaged in holes 39 of the heads 32 of the flanges 30 (see Figures 1 and 4).
  • the flange connections are made at both ends of the containers.
  • the tank assembly can be made by at least one belt 17 which encircles the tank 10 at the level of flanges, perpendicular to the axes of the elementary containers as shown in Figure 6.
  • the tank can be formed of containers of different lengths.
  • Figure 7 shows very schematically containers each connected at one end to a tube manifold 14.
  • the collector tubes 14 which are connected in common to a collector pipe 15, can then have a mechanical function container assembly 20.
  • the lengths and / or layouts of the containers may be selected to give the tank a desired general shape (see Figures 6 and 7) corresponding to the space available for housing the tank.
  • a tank 10 as described above is particularly suitable for storing pressurized gas in a motor vehicle operating on NGV. It is then advantageously equipped with a shield of metal protection or composite material (not shown), as known per se (reference may be made to WO 98/26209 already cited), at least to protect exposed parts of composite material vis-à-vis external aggression.
  • Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of the volume connection internal of a container 20 with a collector tube 14.
  • a conduit 48 is connected to a bore 37 formed in the head 32 of the flange 30, at a end of the elemental tank.
  • the conduit 48 is connected to a tube collector 14.
  • a similar provision can be provided at the other end of the elementary reservoir, in which case it is connected not to one, but to with two collecting tubes.
  • the space between the straps, at the level of flanges can be used to incorporate at least one measuring, safety or connection, such as manometer, system insulation, thermal fuse, flow limiter, tube connection manifold.
  • at least one measuring, safety or connection such as manometer, system insulation, thermal fuse, flow limiter, tube connection manifold.
  • a device 52 for example example a pressure gauge, is screwed into a central opening formed in the flange 30, with the interposition of a seal 54.
  • the equipment 52 is also introduced into a central opening of the flange 30 with seal sealing 54, but the mechanical connection is made by screws 56 through a collar 58 secured to the equipment 52.
  • the volume in which each elementary container fits may be of a prismatic shape other than parallelepiped, depending on the form heads flasks.
  • heads flanges a shape hexagonal cross section.
  • a tank may consist of different sub-assemblies each comprising a container assembly elementary and interconnected by pipes.
  • the tank may have only one container carried out in a manner similar to that described above for containers elementary.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a pressurized fluid tank comprising one or several assembled elementary containers or modules made at least partly of a composite material. The or each elementary container (20) comprises a cylindrical body (22) made of composite material, two flanges (30) closing the cylindrical body at its axial ends, and at least one belt enclosing the container substantially in the longitudinal direction by being supported on parts of the outer surfaces of the flanges.

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne un réservoir pour fluide sous pression élevée, c'est-à-dire une pression supérieure à 1 MPa.The invention relates to a tank for high pressure fluid, that is to say a pressure greater than 1 MPa.

Un domaine particulier, mais non exclusif, d'application de l'invention est celui des réservoirs GNV (Gaz Naturel Véhicule) destinés à contenir un gaz comprimé à environ 20 MPa pour véhicule automobile.A particular, but not exclusive, field of application of the invention is that of CNG tanks (Natural Gas Vehicle) intended for contain a compressed gas at about 20 MPa for a motor vehicle.

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

Le développement de la propulsion automobile par carburants gazeux ou liquéfiés sous pression a conduit à rechercher des solutions de stockage de carburant permettant, dans les meilleures conditions de sécurité :

  • l'obtention d'un indice de performance en volume, ou coefficient de remplissage (rapport entre volume embarqué et encombrement autorisé) le plus élevé possible,
  • l'obtention d'un indice constructif (rapport entre volume embarqué et masse du réservoir) le plus élevé possible, et
  • l'utilisation de technologies à coûts réduits.
The development of automobile propulsion by gaseous or liquefied fuels under pressure has led to search for fuel storage solutions allowing, under the best security conditions:
  • obtaining a performance index in volume, or filling factor (ratio between airborne volume and authorized space allowance) as high as possible,
  • obtaining a constructive index (ratio between the on-board volume and the mass of the tank) as high as possible, and
  • the use of low-cost technologies.

Dans le cas de la motorisation par GPL (Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié), les pressions de service sont relativement faibles (de l'ordre de 1 MPa), de sorte que l'indice constructif est moins discriminant que les autres facteurs.In the case of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) propulsion, the operating pressures are relatively low (of the order of 1 MPa), so that the construction index is less discriminating than the others factors.

Par contre, dans le cas de la motorisation par GNV, la pression est beaucoup plus élevée, de l'ordre de 20 MPa. Dans ce domaine, les réservoirs existants sont constitués d'un ou plusieurs conteneurs élémentaires, ou modules de forme générale cylindrique et réalisés soit en matériau métallique, soit en matériau composite.On the other hand, in the case of CNG engines, the pressure is much higher, of the order of 20 MPa. In this area, existing tanks consist of one or more containers elementals, or modules of cylindrical general shape and made either in metallic material, either of composite material.

Un réservoir permettant de stocker un fluide sous pression élevée tout en conservant un bon coefficient de remplissage a été proposé dans la demande de brevet WO 98/26209. Ce réservoir connu est formé d'une pluralité de conteneurs élémentaires tubulaires et présente une architecture polymorphe avec les avantages particuliers suivants :

  • grande facilité d'adaptation à l'espace disponible,
  • modularité,
  • fractionnement du volume de stockage avec possibilité d'isolement éventuel de conteneurs élémentaires pour répondre aux objectifs de sécurité, et
  • une masse relativement peu élevée, du fait que l'exigence d'épaisseur de paroi pour chaque conteneur élémentaire est bien moins sévère que pour un réservoir monocorps ayant le même volume total utile.
A reservoir for storing a fluid under high pressure while maintaining a good filling coefficient has been proposed in the patent application WO 98/26209. This known reservoir is formed of a plurality of tubular elementary containers and has a polymorphous architecture with the following particular advantages:
  • great ease of adaptation to the available space,
  • modularity
  • fractionation of the storage volume with possibility of possible isolation of basic containers to meet security objectives, and
  • a relatively low mass, because the wall thickness requirement for each elementary container is much less severe than for a one-piece reservoir having the same total useful volume.

Lorsque les modules sont en matériau métallique, ils présentent un indice constructif relativement faible. Dans le cas de modules en matériau composite, l'indice constructif est sensiblement plus élevé mais la contrainte de tenue en pression induit une épaisseur de paroi élevée, ce qui affecte le coefficient de remplissage. En outre, la réalisation de réservoirs monolithes de type fonds + virole en matériau composite induit des contraintes de fabrication importantes, notamment pour la réalisation du bobinage et/ou du drapage du renfort fibreux du matériau composite, et pour les outillages nécessaires, en particulier mandrins ou formes qui doivent permettre le démontage de la structure bobinée ou drapée.When the modules are made of metal material, they have a relatively low construction index. In the case of modules made of material composite, the construction index is significantly higher but the pressure resistance stress induces a high wall thickness, this which affects the filling factor. In addition, the realization of monolithic tanks of the bottom type + ferrule made of composite material major manufacturing constraints, particularly for the production winding and / or draping the fibrous reinforcement of the composite material, and for the necessary tools, in particular mandrels or shapes which must allow disassembly of the wound or draped structure.

Il a été proposé dans la demande de brevet DE 3026116, considerée comme divulguant l'art antérieur le plus proche, de réaliser un réservoir pour fluide sous pression comprenant plusieurs parties de réservoir en contact mutuel par des parois planes. Les parties de réservoir sont maintenues ensemble par des sangles périphériques. Des couvercles obturent les parties de réservoir à leurs extrémités longitudinales. Des sangles longitudinales prenant chacune appui sur des bords adjacents des couvercles contribuent au maintien de ceux-ci.It has been proposed in patent application DE 3026116, considered as disclosing the closest prior art, to realize a fluid reservoir under pressure comprising several parts of tank in mutual contact by flat walls. The tank parts are held together by peripheral straps. Lids seal the tank parts at their longitudinal ends. of the longitudinal straps each bearing on adjacent edges of the lids contribute to the maintenance of these.

Le fait que chaque couvercle soit maintenu par une seule sangle longitudinale qui prend appui sur une partie du bord du couvercle ne permet pas de garantir une tenue à des pressions élevées.The fact that each lid is held by a single strap longitudinal axis which bears on part of the edge of the lid does not guarantee a holding at high pressures.

En outre, le fait que chaque sangle longitudinale est commune à deux parties de réservoirs limite la flexibilité dans la construction du réservoir, notamment ne permet pas d'assembler des parties de réservoirs de longueurs différentes. In addition, the fact that each longitudinal strap is common to two parts of tanks limits the flexibility in the construction of the tank, in particular does not allow to assemble parts of tanks of different lengths.

L'amélioration de la tenue de réservoirs à la pression par sanglage est également écrite dans le document JP 10-274391 qui montre l'utilisation de sangles périphériques sous forme de rubans renforcés par des fibres.Improved tank holding at pressure by webbing is also written in JP 10-274391 which shows the use of peripheral straps in the form of ribbons reinforced by fibers.

Objet et résumé de l'inventionObject and summary of the invention

L'invention a pour but de proposer des réservoirs pour fluide sous pression qui soient formés d'un ou d'une pluralité de conteneurs élémentaires, mais avec une simplification de la réalisation du ou des conteneurs élémentaires, et donc une réduction sensible du coût de fabrication, tout en permettant l'obtention de réservoirs compacts et performants.The purpose of the invention is to propose reservoirs for fluid under pressure formed from one or a plurality of containers elementary, but with a simplification of the realization of the basic containers, and therefore a significant reduction in the cost of manufacturing, while allowing the production of compact tanks and performing.

L'invention a aussi pour but de proposer des réservoirs ayant une excellente tenue sous des pressions élevées, typiquement des pressions de l'ordre de celles rencontrées dans des réservoirs GNV, c'est-à-dire environ 20 MPa.Another object of the invention is to propose reservoirs having a excellent performance under high pressures, typically pressures of the order of those encountered in CNG tanks, that is to say about 20 MPa.

L'invention a encore pour but de permettre une construction modulaire avec une grande flexibilité et notamment une construction de réservoirs de formes variées adaptables aux emplacements disponibles pour le logement des réservoirs.The invention also aims to allow a construction modular design with great flexibility and in particular a construction of tanks of various shapes adaptable to available locations for housing the tanks.

Ce but est atteint du fait que le ou chaque conteneur comprend un corps cylindrique en matériau composite, deux flasques obturant le corps cylindrique à ses extrémités axiales, et au moins deux sangles qui ceinturent le conteneur sensiblement en direction longitudinale en prenant appui sur des parties des faces extérieures des flasques, et qui sont disposées d'une part et d'autre d'un plan longitudinal médian du corps cylindrique.This goal is achieved by the fact that the or each container comprises a cylindrical body of composite material, two flanges closing the body cylindrical at its axial ends, and at least two straps which encircle the container substantially longitudinally while taking on parts of the outer faces of the flanges, and which are arranged on either side of a median longitudinal plane of the body cylindrical.

La réalisation de chaque conteneur en un corps cylindrique complété par deux flasques d'extrémité maintenus par deux sangles longitudinales apporte un certain nombre d'avantages :

  • le corps cylindrique peut être dimensionné pour tenir aux seuls efforts radiaux engendrés par la pression interne, ce qui autorise une épaisseur de paroi réduite,
  • la séparation des fonctions de reprise des efforts radiaux et de reprise des efforts longitudinaux permet d'élargir la possibilité de choix des matériaux utilisés pour le corps cylindrique, la ou les sangles et les flasques, et du dimensionnement de ces pièces,
  • le corps cylindrique étant à section constante, différents modes de fabrication en continu ou semi-continu peuvent être utilisés, c'est-à-dire non seulement les techniques de bobinage ou de drapage, mais d'autres processus d'obtention de structures tubulaires en matériau composite, tels que des processus de pultrusion,
  • l'utilisation de deux sangles longitudinales permet un maintien efficace des flasques sur le corps cylindrique, y compris sous des pressions élevées,
  • l'espace entre les sangles, au niveau d'au moins un des flasques, peut être mis à profit pour former un évidement permettant de loger un équipement de mesure, de sécurité ou de raccordement, sans pénaliser l'encombrement.
The realization of each container in a cylindrical body completed by two end flanges held by two longitudinal straps provides a number of advantages:
  • the cylindrical body can be sized to take into account the radial forces generated by the internal pressure, which allows a reduced wall thickness,
  • the separation of the functions of recovery of the radial forces and recovery of the longitudinal forces makes it possible to widen the possibility of choice of the materials used for the cylindrical body, the strap or the flanges and the dimensioning of these parts,
  • the cylindrical body being of constant section, different modes of continuous or semi-continuous manufacturing can be used, that is to say not only winding or draping techniques, but other processes for obtaining tubular structures in composite material, such as pultrusion processes,
  • the use of two longitudinal straps allows effective maintenance of the flanges on the cylindrical body, including under high pressures,
  • the space between the straps, at least one of the flanges, can be used to form a recess for housing measuring equipment, security or connection, without penalizing congestion.

Les sangles peuvent être en matériau métallique ou en matériau composite. Dans ce dernier cas, elles comportent un renfort fibreux formé de fibres continues.The straps can be made of metallic material or material composite. In the latter case, they comprise a fibrous reinforcement formed continuous fibers.

Les flasques peuvent être en matériau métallique ou en matériau composite structural.The flanges may be made of metallic material or material structural composite.

Avantageusement, chaque sangle passe dans une gorge ménagée à la face extérieure de chaque flasque.Advantageously, each strap passes through a groove made to the outer face of each flange.

Avantageusement encore, chaque flasque a une forme de bouchon avec une partie engagée de façon étanche à une extrémité du corps cylindrique. Un élément de verrouillage en rotation peut en outre être prévu entre le corps cylindrique et l'un au moins des flasques pour s'opposer à une rotation du flasque par rapport au corps cylindrique autour de l'axe de celui-ci.Advantageously, each flange has a plug shape with a portion sealingly engaged at one end of the body cylindrical. A rotational locking element may furthermore be provided between the cylindrical body and at least one of the flanges for to oppose a rotation of the flange relative to the cylindrical body around the axis of it.

Le corps cylindrique et les flasques de chaque conteneur peuvent être munis d'un revêtement interne en un matériau étanche au fluide, selon la nature des matériaux constitutifs du conteneur et du fluide contenu.The cylindrical body and the flanges of each container can be provided with an inner lining of fluid-tight material, depending on the nature of the constituent materials of the container and the fluid content.

Dans le cas d'une pluralité de conteneurs, ceux-ci s'inscrivent avantageusement dans des volumes parallélépipédiques ou prismatiques définis par les flasques, ce qui permet un assemblage des conteneurs de façon modulaire en les disposant côte à côte. In the case of a plurality of containers, these form part of advantageously in parallelepipedal or prismatic volumes defined by the flanges, which allows an assembly of the containers of modular way by placing them side by side.

La liaison mécanique entre deux conteneurs adjacents peut alors être obtenue par un organe de liaison mécanique les reliant par exemple au niveau des flasques disposés côte à côte de ces deux conteneurs.The mechanical connection between two adjacent containers can then be be obtained by a mechanical link connecting them for example at the level of the flanges arranged side by side of these two containers.

En variante, des conteneurs peuvent être assemblés en faisceau en étant maintenus ensemble au moins partiellement par un dispositif ceinturant le faisceau. Les conteneurs peuvent être de différentes longueurs.Alternatively, containers can be assembled into a bundle being held together at least partially by a device circling the beam. Containers can be different lengths.

Les volumes internes de deux conteneurs adjacents peuvent être mis en communication l'un avec l'autre à travers au moins une liaison de fluide reliant des flasques situés côte à côte de ces deux conteneurs.The internal volumes of two adjacent containers can be put in communication with each other through at least one link of fluid connecting flanges located side by side of these two containers.

En variante ou en complément, au moins certains des conteneurs peuvent être reliés à un collecteur de fluide par au moins une sortie formée à travers un flasque.Alternatively or in addition, at least some of the containers can be connected to a fluid manifold by at least one outlet formed through a flange.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres particularités et avantages du réservoir selon l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description faite ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle très schématique en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'un réservoir conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle en perspective et à échelle agrandie d'un conteneur élémentaire du réservoir de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe longitudinale du conteneur de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue éclatée partielle en perspective et à échelle agrandie montrant un mode de réalisation d'un raccordement entre conteneurs adjacents dans le réservoir de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe du raccordement entre deux conteneurs adjacents selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 6 montre très schématiquement une variante de réalisation de l'assemblage de conteneurs formant un réservoir ;
  • la figure 7 montre très schématiquement une variante de réalisation du raccordement des volumes internes des conteneurs formant un réservoir ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant un raccordement entre un conteneur d'un réservoir et un tube collecteur ;
  • les figures 9 à 11 sont des vues en coupe montrant des variantes de réalisation d'un flasque d'un conteneur permettant le logement d'équipement(s).
Other features and advantages of the reservoir according to the invention will become apparent on reading the description given below by way of indication but not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a tank according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a partial perspective view on an enlarged scale of an elementary container of the reservoir of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the container of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial exploded perspective view on an enlarged scale showing an embodiment of a connection between adjacent containers in the reservoir of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of the connection between two adjacent containers according to the embodiment of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 shows very schematically an alternative embodiment of the container assembly forming a reservoir;
  • FIG. 7 very schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the connection of the internal volumes of the containers forming a reservoir;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a connection between a container of a reservoir and a collector tube;
  • Figures 9 to 11 are sectional views showing alternative embodiments of a flange of a container for housing equipment (s).

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation de l'inventionDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

La figure 1 montre un réservoir 10 formé d'un assemblage de modules ou conteneurs élémentaires 20 disposés côte à côte (non tous représentés). Chaque conteneur 20 comprend un corps cylindrique 22 obturé à ses extrémités axiales par des flasques 30. Les conteneurs 20 sont disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres, chacun s'inscrivant à l'intérieur d'un volume parallélépipédique 21 défini par la forme des flasques 30. L'ensemble des conteneurs s'inscrit dans un volume défini par l'encombrement autorisé pour le réservoir. En section transversale, cet ensemble s'inscrit dans un polygone régulier ou non régulier, certains conteneurs pouvant en outre présenter des longueurs différentes de celles des autres conteneurs, de sorte que le réservoir peut présenter des renfoncements ou des parties en saillie (non montrées sur la figure 1).FIG. 1 shows a tank 10 formed of an assembly of modules or basic containers 20 arranged side by side (not all shown). Each container 20 comprises a cylindrical body 22 closed at its axial ends by flanges 30. The containers 20 are arranged parallel to each other, each registering inside a parallelepipedic volume 21 defined by the shape of the flasks 30. All the containers are part of a volume defined by the size allowed for the tank. In cross section, this together is part of a regular or non-regular polygon, some containers may also have lengths different from those other containers, so that the tank may have recesses or projecting parts (not shown in Figure 1).

Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent plus en détail un conteneur élémentaire 20. Le corps cylindrique 22, par exemple à section circulaire, est réalisé en matériau composite structural formé d'un renfort fibreux densifié par une matrice. Les fibres du renfort peuvent être par exemple des fibres en carbone, verre, aramide, polyéthylène ou autre. La matrice peut être par exemple en une résine thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable. Le corps cylindrique 22 peut aussi être en matériau composite thermostructural avec fibres de renfort et matrice en carbone ou céramique.Figures 2 and 3 illustrate in more detail an elementary container 20. The cylindrical body 22, for example of circular section, is made of structural composite material formed of fibrous reinforcement densified by a matrix. The fibers of the reinforcement may be, for example, fibers in carbon, glass, aramid, polyethylene or other. The matrix can be by example in a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. The body cylindrical 22 may also be of thermostructural composite material with reinforcing fibers and matrix in carbon or ceramic.

Le corps cylindrique 22 confère au conteneur 20 la tenue à la composante radiale de la pression du fluide qu'il contient.The cylindrical body 22 gives the container 20 the holding at the radial component of the pressure of the fluid it contains.

Différents procédés connus peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser le corps cylindrique 22, tels que par exemple le bobinage filamentaire par fil préimprégné sur un mandrin, ou l'enroulement de bandes ou strates fibreuses pré-imprégnées sur un mandrin ou encore le moulage de strates avec transfert de résine (ou procédé RTM). La forme cylindrique permet également de faire appel au procédé de pultrusion qui autorise la réalisation en continu de tubes de grande longueur dans lequel les corps cylindriques 22 sont découpés aux longueurs voulues.Various known methods can be used to realize the cylindrical body 22, such as, for example, the wire filament winding prepreg on a mandrel, or the winding of strips or strata fibrous pre-impregnated on a mandrel or the molding of strata with resin transfer (or RTM process). The cylindrical shape allows also to use the pultrusion process which allows the continuous production of tubes of great length in which the bodies cylindrical 22 are cut to the desired lengths.

Le corps cylindrique 22 est muni si nécessaire sur sa face interne d'un revêtement 24 (ou liner) étanche aux fluides d'épaisseur sensiblement constante. Le revêtement 24 peut être formé par une feuille métallique, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium, ou par un matériau plastique, par exemple polyéthylène ou polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), ou par un élastomère. Le revêtement 24 est présent au moins sur toute la surface interne au contact du fluide.The cylindrical body 22 is provided if necessary on its inner face a coating 24 (or liner) sealed to thick fluids substantially constant. The coating 24 may be formed by a sheet metal, for example aluminum alloy, or by a material plastic, for example polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or by an elastomer. The coating 24 is present at least over the entire internal surface in contact with the fluid.

Le revêtement 24 peut être collé sur la face interne du corps cylindrique 22 après réalisation de celui-ci. En variante, l'intégration du revêtement 24 peut être réalisée au stade de la fabrication du corps cylindrique 22, par exemple en réalisant un bobinage ou drapage directement sur la feuille de revêtement ou en réalisant la pultrusion avec amenée simultanée du matériau du revêtement.The coating 24 can be glued on the inside of the body cylindrical 22 after completion thereof. Alternatively, the integration of coating 24 can be performed at the body-making stage cylindrical 22, for example by performing a winding or draping directly on the cover sheet or by carrying out the pultrusion with simultaneous supply of the coating material.

Les flasques 30 obturant le corps cylindrique 22 à ses extrémités ont une forme de bouchon avec une tête 32 qui s'appuie sur l'extrémité du corps cylindrique et une jupe 34 qui pénètre à l'intérieur de celui-ci.The flanges 30 closing the cylindrical body 22 at its ends have a plug shape with a head 32 which bears on the end of the cylindrical body and a skirt 34 which penetrates inside thereof.

Les flasques peuvent être réalisés en une seule pièce en matériau composite structural. De même que le corps cylindrique 22, les flasques peuvent être alors munis si nécessaire d'un revêtement étanche au fluide sur leurs surfaces internes, revêtement réalisé en continuité avec celui 24 du corps cylindrique 22.The flanges can be made in one piece of material structural composite. As the cylindrical body 22, the flanges may be provided with a fluid-tight coating if necessary on their internal surfaces, coating made in continuity with that 24 of the cylindrical body 22.

De préférence, les flasques 30 sont réalisés en une seule pièce en matériau métallique, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium.Preferably, the flanges 30 are made in one piece from metallic material, for example aluminum alloy.

La tête 32 a une section transversale polygonale qui s'inscrit dans la section du volume parallélépipédique 21 définissant l'encombrement du conteneur 20.The head 32 has a polygonal cross section which is part of the section of the parallelepipedal volume 21 defining the bulk of the container 20.

La jupe 34 présente au moins une gorge dans laquelle est logé un joint d'étanchéité 35 qui s'appuie sur la face interne du revêtement 24.The skirt 34 has at least one groove in which is housed a seal 35 which rests on the inner face of the coating 24.

Afin de s'opposer à une rotation entre chaque flasque 30 et le corps cylindrique 22, autour de l'axe de ce dernier, un verrouillage en rotation est réalisé au moyen par exemple d'une ou plusieurs goupilles 16, chacune logée à travers une lumière 28 formée dans la paroi du corps cylindrique 22 et dans un trou borgne formé dans la jupe 34, du côté extérieur du joint d'étanchéité 35 par rapport au volume interne du conteneur. La lumière 28 s'étend en direction longitudinale pour autoriser un déplacement axial relatif entre le corps cylindrique et le flasque lorsque le conteneur est sous pression.In order to oppose a rotation between each flange 30 and the body cylindrical 22, around the axis of the latter, a locking rotation is produced by means for example of one or more pins 16, each housed through a lumen 28 formed in the wall of the body cylindrical 22 and in a blind hole formed in the skirt 34, on the side outside of the seal 35 with respect to the internal volume of the container. The light 28 extends in the longitudinal direction to allow a relative axial displacement between the cylindrical body and the flange when the container is under pressure.

La tenue des flasques 30 à la pression axiale exercée par le fluide contenu dans le réservoir élémentaire 20 est assurée par au moins deux sangles 40a, 40b. Celles-ci ceinturent le conteneur 20 longitudinalement en s'appuyant sur les faces externes des flasques 30. Avantageusement, les sangles 40a, 40b passent dans des gorges 36a, 36b formées dans les faces externes des têtes 32 des flasques, de sorte que les sangles sont efficacement maintenues en position.The holding flanges 30 at the axial pressure exerted by the fluid contained in the primary tank 20 is ensured by at least two straps 40 a, 40 b. These surround the container 20 longitudinally relying on the external faces of the flanges 30. Preferably, the straps 40 a, 40 b pass through grooves 36 a, 36 b formed in the outer faces of the heads 32 of the flanges, of so that the straps are effectively held in position.

La profondeur des gorges 36a, 36b est choisie pour que les sangles 40a, 40b s'y logent dans toute leur épaisseur et ne créent pas de protubérances sur les faces externes des têtes 32. Les gorges 36a, 36b assurent ainsi une fonction de protection des sangles aux extrémités du conteneur en plus de la fonction de guidage. Une couche d'interposition, par exemple en élastomère, pourra être disposée au fond des gorges 36a, 36b, les sangles s'appuyant sur cette couche d'interposition.The depth of the grooves 36 a, 36 b is chosen so that the straps 40, 40 b housed them throughout their thickness and does not create protrusions on the outer faces of the heads 32. The grooves 36a, 36b ensure thus a function of protecting the straps at the ends of the container in addition to the guiding function. An interposing layer, for example of elastomer, may be disposed at the bottom of the grooves 36a, 36b, the straps pressing the interposer layer.

Les sangles 40a, 40b peuvent être constituées par des bandes métalliques fixées autour du conteneur. De préférence, les sangles sont en un matériau composite structural à renfort fibreux et matrice par exemple en résine. Les fibres du renfort sont des fibres continues permettant la tenue aux efforts longitudinaux. Les fibres peuvent être en carbone, verre, aramide, polyéthylène ou autre, tandis que la matrice est par exemple une résine phénolique ou époxy. Les sangles 40a, 40b peuvent alors être mises en place par bobinage de filaments ou de texture fibreuse en bande préimprégnés par la résine de la matrice.The straps 40, 40 b may be constituted by metal strips fixed around the container. Preferably, the straps are made of a structural composite material with fibrous reinforcement and matrix, for example resin. The fibers of the reinforcement are continuous fibers making it possible to withstand the longitudinal forces. The fibers may be carbon, glass, aramid, polyethylene or other, while the matrix is for example a phenolic or epoxy resin. The straps 40, 40 b can then be implemented by winding filaments or fiber fabric prepreg tape by the matrix resin.

Les deux sangles 40a, 40b s'étendent le long de plans parallèles entre eux situés de part et d'autre d'un plan médian du conteneur. De la sorte, les sangles 40a, 40b ainsi que les reliefs des gorges 36a, 36b s'inscrivent dans le volume parallélépipédique 21 et n'augmentent pas l'encombrement.The two straps 40 a, 40 b extend along planes parallel to each other situated on either side of a median plane of the container. In this way, the straps 40, 40 b and the reliefs of the gorge 36, 36 b fit into the box volume 21 and do not increase the footprint.

Bien que l'utilisation de deux sangles soit préférée, il est possible aussi de prévoir plus de deux sangles, par exemple avec une ou plusieurs sangles supplémentaires disposées selon un plan non parallèle à ceux des sangles 40a, 40b et croisant celles-ci lors de leur passage sur les têtes 32 des flasques.Although the use of two straps is preferred, it is also possible to provide more than two straps, for example with one or more additional straps arranged in a plane non-parallel to those of the straps 40 a, 40 b and crossing these during their passage over the heads 32 of the flanges.

Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, chaque conteneur élémentaire est en communication interne avec chacun ou au moins un de ses voisins à une extrémité.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, each container elementary is in internal communication with each or at least one of his neighbors at one end.

A cet effet, comme le montrent les figures 4 et 5, des raccords tubulaires 42 munis d'un passage interne 42a sont prévus pour être insérés dans des perçages 38 formés dans l'une au moins des faces latérales 321, 322, 323, 324 des têtes 32 des flasques 30. Des joints d'étanchéité 46 sont aussi montés sur les raccords 42 pour s'interposer entre les parties des raccords pénétrant dans les perçages 38 et les parois internes de ceux-ci. Le maintien en position du raccord tubulaire 42 entre les deux flasques adjacents est obtenu par exemple par la présence d'une collerette 44 venant se loger dans des lamages 38a formés dans les faces latérales adjacentes des flasques 30.For this purpose, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, tubular connectors 42 provided with an internal passage 42a are provided to be inserted into holes 38 formed in at least one of the side faces 32 1 , 32 2 , 32 3 , 32 4 of the heads 32 of the flanges 30. Seals 46 are also mounted on the connectors 42 to interpose between the parts of the fittings penetrating the holes 38 and the inner walls thereof. The holding in position of the tubular connector 42 between the two adjacent plates is obtained for example by the presence of a flange 44 being received in counterbores 38 has formed in the adjacent side faces of the flanges 30.

La communication entre les volumes internes de deux conteneurs voisins est alors assurée par les raccords 42 tubulaires et les perçages 38 qui s'ouvrent dans le volume interne du corps cylindrique à travers les jupes 34 des flasques (voir figure 3).Communication between the internal volumes of two containers neighbors is then provided by the tubular connectors 42 and the holes 38 which open into the internal volume of the cylindrical body through the skirts 34 flanges (see Figure 3).

Chaque conteneur est en contact physique naturel direct avec un ou plusieurs conteneurs adjacents par appui entre flasques 30 au niveau des faces 321, 322, 323, 324. L'assemblage peut être réalisé au moyen d'attaches locales telles que des brides 50 fixées par exemple par des vis 51 engagées dans des trous 39 des têtes 32 des flasques 30 (voir figures 1 et 4).Each container is in direct natural physical contact with one or more adjacent containers by support between flanges 30 at the faces 32 1 , 32 2 , 32 3 , 32 4 . The assembly can be achieved by means of local fasteners such as flanges 50 fixed for example by screws 51 engaged in holes 39 of the heads 32 of the flanges 30 (see Figures 1 and 4).

Les liaisons par brides sont réalisées aux deux extrémités des conteneurs.The flange connections are made at both ends of the containers.

En variante, ou en complément, l'assemblage du réservoir peut être réalisé par au moins une ceinture 17 qui encercle le réservoir 10 au niveau des flasques, perpendiculairement aux axes des conteneurs élémentaires comme montré par la figure 6. Le réservoir peut être formé de conteneurs de longueurs différentes.Alternatively, or in addition, the tank assembly can be made by at least one belt 17 which encircles the tank 10 at the level of flanges, perpendicular to the axes of the elementary containers as shown in Figure 6. The tank can be formed of containers of different lengths.

Lorsque les conteneurs 20 sont directement interconnectés, la liaison de fluide entre le réservoir et un tube collecteur 14 (figure 1) peut être réalisée au niveau d'un seul conteneur 20, au niveau du réservoir qui convient le mieux dans sa configuration d'utilisation.When the containers 20 are directly interconnected, the fluid connection between the reservoir and a collector tube 14 (FIG. at the level of a single container 20, at the level of the reservoir which best suited for its use configuration.

En variante, si nécessaire, en particulier lorsque les conteneurs ne sont pas interconnectés ou pas tous interconnectés, des liaisons de fluide multiples entre un ou plusieurs tubes collecteurs et des conteneurs élémentaires peuvent être réalisées. La figure 7 montre très schématiquement des conteneurs reliés chacun à une extrémité à un tube collecteur 14. Les tubes collecteurs 14 qui sont reliés en commun à une conduite collectrice 15, peuvent alors avoir une fonction mécanique d'assemblage des conteneurs 20.Alternatively, if necessary, especially when containers do not are not interconnected or not all interconnected, fluid connections multiples between one or more collection tubes and containers Elementals can be realized. Figure 7 shows very schematically containers each connected at one end to a tube manifold 14. The collector tubes 14 which are connected in common to a collector pipe 15, can then have a mechanical function container assembly 20.

Les longueurs et/ou dispositions des conteneurs peuvent être choisies pour conférer au réservoir une forme générale désirée (voir figures 6 et 7) correspondant à l'espace disponible pour le logement du réservoir.The lengths and / or layouts of the containers may be selected to give the tank a desired general shape (see Figures 6 and 7) corresponding to the space available for housing the tank.

Un réservoir 10 tel que décrit ci-avant convient particulièrement pour le stockage de gaz sous pression dans un véhicule automobile fonctionnant au GNV. Il est alors avantageusement muni d'un bouclier de protection métallique ou en matériau composite (non représenté), comme connu en soi (on pourra se référer au document WO 98/26209 déjà cité), au moins pour protéger des parties apparentes en matériau composite vis-à-vis d'agressions extérieures.A tank 10 as described above is particularly suitable for storing pressurized gas in a motor vehicle operating on NGV. It is then advantageously equipped with a shield of metal protection or composite material (not shown), as known per se (reference may be made to WO 98/26209 already cited), at least to protect exposed parts of composite material vis-à-vis external aggression.

La figure 8 illustre une réalisation du raccordement du volume interne d'un conteneur 20 avec un tube collecteur 14. Un conduit 48 est raccordé à un perçage 37 formé dans la tête 32 du flasque 30, à une extrémité du réservoir élémentaire. Le conduit 48 est relié à un tube collecteur 14.Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of the volume connection internal of a container 20 with a collector tube 14. A conduit 48 is connected to a bore 37 formed in the head 32 of the flange 30, at a end of the elemental tank. The conduit 48 is connected to a tube collector 14.

Une disposition semblable peut être prévue à l'autre extrémité du réservoir élémentaire, auquel cas celui-ci est relié non pas à un seul, mais à deux tubes collecteurs.A similar provision can be provided at the other end of the elementary reservoir, in which case it is connected not to one, but to with two collecting tubes.

Avantageusement, l'espace entre les sangles, au niveau des flasques, peut être utilisé pour y intégrer au moins un équipement de mesure, de sécurité ou de raccordement, tel que manomètre, système d'isolement, fusible thermique, limiteur de débit, raccord avec un tube collecteur. Cette disposition permet d'intégrer cet équipement dans le volume du réservoir et, de plus, contribue à le protéger. Advantageously, the space between the straps, at the level of flanges, can be used to incorporate at least one measuring, safety or connection, such as manometer, system insulation, thermal fuse, flow limiter, tube connection manifold. This arrangement makes it possible to integrate this equipment into the tank volume and, moreover, helps to protect it.

Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure 9, un équipement 52, par exemple un manomètre, est vissé dans une ouverture centrale formée dans le flasque 30, avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité 54.In the example illustrated in FIG. 9, a device 52, for example example a pressure gauge, is screwed into a central opening formed in the flange 30, with the interposition of a seal 54.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 10, l'équipement 52 est également introduit dans une ouverture centrale du flasque 30 avec joint d'étanchéité 54, mais la liaison mécanique est réalisée par vis 56 traversant une collerette 58 solidaire de l'équipement 52.In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the equipment 52 is also introduced into a central opening of the flange 30 with seal sealing 54, but the mechanical connection is made by screws 56 through a collar 58 secured to the equipment 52.

Quant au mode de réalisation de la figure 11, il se distingue de celui de la figure 9 en ce que l'équipement 52 est traversé par un conduit 60 permettant le raccordement du volume interne du conteneur à un tube collecteur 14. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 11, la liaison mécanique de l'équipement 52 sur le flasque pourrait être réalisée par vis, comme montré sur la figure 10.As to the embodiment of Figure 11, it differs from that of Figure 9 in that the equipment 52 is traversed by a conduit 60 allowing the connection of the internal volume of the container to a tube In the embodiment of FIG. 11, the link mechanical equipment 52 on the flange could be achieved by screws, as shown in Figure 10.

Bien entendu, d'autres variantes pourront être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, other variants can be envisaged without depart from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi, le volume dans lequel s'inscrit chaque conteneur élémentaire pourra être de forme prismatique autre que parallélépipédique, selon la forme des têtes des flasques. On pourra par exemple conférer aux têtes des flasques une forme à section transversale hexagonale.Thus, the volume in which each elementary container fits may be of a prismatic shape other than parallelepiped, depending on the form heads flasks. For example, we can give heads flanges a shape hexagonal cross section.

En outre, un réservoir peut être constitué de différents sous-ensembles comprenant chacun un assemblage de conteneurs élémentaires et reliés entre eux par des conduites. Une réalisation du réservoir en de tels sous-ensembles permet de tirer parti de différents espaces disponibles dans un véhicule.In addition, a tank may consist of different sub-assemblies each comprising a container assembly elementary and interconnected by pipes. An achievement of the reservoir in such subsets makes it possible to take advantage of different spaces available in a vehicle.

Par ailleurs, le réservoir pourra ne comporter qu'un seul conteneur réalisé de façon semblable à celle décrite ci-avant pour des conteneurs élémentaires.In addition, the tank may have only one container carried out in a manner similar to that described above for containers elementary.

Enfin, bien qu'une application à un réservoir de gaz pour véhicule automobile avec motorisation par GNV ait été envisagée, l'invention s'applique à tout réservoir de fluide sous pression élevée.Finally, although an application to a vehicle gas tank car with CNG engines has been envisaged, the invention applies to any fluid reservoir under high pressure.

Claims (16)

  1. A tank for fluid under pressure, the tank comprising one or more individual containers or modules assembled together and made at least in part out of composite material, the tank being characterised in that the or each individual container (20) comprises a cylindrical body (22) of composite material, two end plates (30) closing the axial ends of the cylindrical body, and at least two straps (40a, 40b) passing around the container substantially in its longitudinal direction and bearing against portions of the outside faces of the end plates, which straps are disposed on either side of a mid-longitudinal plane of the cylindrical body (22).
  2. A tank according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one of the end plates (30) of a container carries measuring, safety, or connection equipment (52) housed in a space situated between the straps.
  3. A tank according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the straps (40a, 40b) are made of composite material with continuous fiber reinforcement.
  4. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the end plates (30) are made of composite material and are provided with a fluid-proof coating on their inside surfaces.
  5. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the end plates (30) are made of metal.
  6. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that each strap (40a, 40b) passes in a groove (36a, 36b) formed in the outside face of each end plate.
  7. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that each end plate (30) is in the form of a plug with a portion (34) engaged in leaktight manner in one end of the cylindrical body (22).
  8. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the cylindrical body (22) of each container is provided with an internal coating (24) of fluid-proof material.
  9. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that at least one element (16) is provided to prevent rotation between the cylindrical body (22) and at least one end plate (30) so as to prevent the end plate turning relative to the cylindrical body about its axis.
  10. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a plurality of individual containers (20), the tank being characterised in that two containers situated side by side are in mutual direct physical contact via adjacent end plates (30).
  11. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising a plurality of individual containers (20), the tank being characterised in that two adjacent containers are mechanically connected together by at least one mechanical link member (50) interconnecting the end plates (30) situated side by side of the two containers.
  12. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising a plurality of individual containers (20), the tank being characterised in that the internal volumes of two adjacent containers are in communication with each other via at least one connection pipe (42) interconnecting end plates (30) situated side by side of the two containers.
  13. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that at least some of the individual containers are connected to a fluid take-off via at least one outlet formed through an end plate.
  14. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that a plurality of individual containers form a bundle of containers held together at least in part by a device (17) passing around the bundle.
  15. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that it comprises a plurality of individual containers having different lengths.
  16. A tank according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that it is provided with a protective shield.
EP20030745828 2002-04-08 2003-04-07 Pressurized fluid tank, in particular compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1492979B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0204346A FR2838177B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2002-04-08 RESERVOIR FOR PRESSURIZED FLUID, IN PARTICULAR RESERVOIR FOR COMPRESSED GAS FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR0204346 2002-04-08
PCT/FR2003/001085 WO2003085314A2 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-04-07 Pressurized fluid tank, in particular compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1492979A2 EP1492979A2 (en) 2005-01-05
EP1492979B1 true EP1492979B1 (en) 2005-08-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20030745828 Expired - Lifetime EP1492979B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-04-07 Pressurized fluid tank, in particular compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle

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US (1) US6883536B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1492979B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005522638A (en)
AR (1) AR039616A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE302924T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003246785A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0304225A (en)
CA (1) CA2449965C (en)
DE (1) DE60301400T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2247555T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2838177B1 (en)
NO (1) NO328815B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2309321C2 (en)
UA (1) UA79593C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2003085314A2 (en)

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WO2003085314A3 (en) 2004-04-01
ATE302924T1 (en) 2005-09-15
RU2003134538A (en) 2005-05-10
AU2003246785A1 (en) 2003-10-20
CA2449965C (en) 2010-07-20
BR0304225A (en) 2004-07-27
UA79593C2 (en) 2007-07-10
US20040226607A1 (en) 2004-11-18
DE60301400D1 (en) 2005-09-29
JP2005522638A (en) 2005-07-28
ES2247555T3 (en) 2006-03-01
NO328815B1 (en) 2010-05-18
AR039616A1 (en) 2005-03-02
FR2838177B1 (en) 2004-09-03
FR2838177A1 (en) 2003-10-10
EP1492979A2 (en) 2005-01-05
US6883536B2 (en) 2005-04-26
CA2449965A1 (en) 2003-10-16
DE60301400T2 (en) 2006-06-01
RU2309321C2 (en) 2007-10-27
NO20035249D0 (en) 2003-11-26

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