EP1442807A1 - Method for manufacturing a construction profile with closed hollow section and construction profile as such - Google Patents

Abstract

The girder production process involve taking a basic girder such as an I-beam (1) with at least two parallel flanges (2, 3) linked by a web (4) and bending the web along a bend line (5), bringing the edges (12, 13) of the flanges together and joining them to produce a box girder with flanges at a right angle to each others. Several of the forms of girder are also described and illustrated.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a construction profile with a closed hollow cross section according to the preamble of claim 1.

Hollow profiles are available on the market as cold or hot formed as well as extruded Round tube and square or rectangular hollow profiles offered. Have such hollow profiles static advantages in terms of torsional stiffness and favorable stability behavior, especially a slight tendency to buckle.

In the manufacture of lattice towers or lattice towers in construction, e.g. B. for wind turbines, as well as when creating truss structures with metal profiles mainly standard L-profiles used as construction profiles. These have the advantage easy assembly by screwing the end areas and infills to one another.

Bump with increasing height of the lattice tower or length of the truss structure Angle bars as L-profiles, however, reach their limit. Here they are available standing dimensions and material thicknesses are no longer sufficient to meet the required To ensure moments of resistance or inertia.

If the usual hollow profiles are used instead of the L-profiles, the static one is Resilience greater, but the connectivity for constructional reasons is significantly more difficult, since a connection of the hollow profiles only via screwed flange or Welded connections can be realized.

However, these connections show in terms of the fatigue behavior at Power transmission in the profile direction has significant disadvantages compared with HV screws (HV = high-strength connecting screw). Welding on site is also very complex.

JP 56105837 A describes a cross-shaped support which consists of two double-T supports is made. Each double T-beam has two flanges, one over one Web are connected to each other and extend on both sides of the web. The jetty Both double-T beams are angled 90 ° in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the beam, the two beams being welded to one another at the bending edges, that a cross-shaped profile is created in the corner areas. Such carriers become For example, used as a reinforcement for pile foundations, the of which Flanges and webs formed each room is poured with concrete.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a construction profile provide closed hollow cross-section, which is easy to carry out, the construction profile thus produced is easy to assemble with a high level of operational stability of connections united.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the flanges are bent of the web are moved towards one another in the longitudinal direction of the profile beam, that one flange edge of a flange directly corresponding to the other lies opposite or abuts against it and the two flanges are connected to one another.

The process according to the invention creates a construction profile with a closed one Hollow cross section creates that the advantages in terms of torsional rigidity and the stability behavior with the excellent properties of the angle profiles regarding the operational strength and easy assembly.

In addition, almost any dimensions can be achieved because the used Profile carrier, preferably commercially available I-profiles or special rolled profiles in one Numerous dimensions available with regard to both the flanges and the web are.

Another advantage compared to the angle profiles is that the main axes have approximately the same moments of inertia and resistance, which increases the versatility of this profile.

An advantageous development of the invention provides that the flanges on each other opposite cohesive flange edges are cohesively connected, preferably in such a way that they are together over the entire length of the profile beam be welded, which is advantageous due to automated welding afterwards to the bending process.

The stresses that form within the web due to the bending process to a permissible level, or the formation of impermissible voltage peaks To avoid, predetermined bending points in the form of grooves or are advantageous in the web Recesses are incorporated, along which the bend is carried out cold or warm. In addition to the improvement in durability due to the even tension in the bending area, these bends or grooves make the bending edge or Bending edges specified so that the bending process as such is simplified. Preferably the grooves or recesses during the rolling of the profile beam incorporated.

As the cross sections of the profile beams are generally symmetrical and the flange edges lie parallel to one another, the predetermined bending points are preferably parallel to the longitudinal extent of the profile beam arranged so that a bend around an axis parallel can take place for the longitudinal extension of the profile beam.

As an alternative to bending along only one bending line of the web, it is provided that a plurality of predetermined bending points arranged parallel to one another are provided in the web which is bent so that the web of three or more are aligned at an angle to each other Thighs. With only one predetermined bending point (bending line) or with one Bending around only one axis, the web becomes a connection angle of the flanges with two legs.

The bending process can be carried out immediately after the rolling process, if the profile carrier is still in a heated state, however, is possible bending even after cooling or subsequent heating of the bending points by induction, gas or the like. The bending process itself can be done in several, discrete Steps or continuously in an uninterrupted bending process.

A one-piece I-beam or a rolled I-beam is advantageously used as the profile beam used, alternatively an asymmetrical profile beam can be used, on which It is important to ensure that flange sections protrude on both sides so that a closed hollow cross-section with protruding flange sections or flange halves arises.

Depending on the dimensions of the initial profile, the cell size of the hollow cross section is formed. The contour of the hollow cross section can also be designed according to the requirement that is, different angles can be realized between the flanges become.

Depending on the initial profile, a different bending angle or can realize several different bending angles in the web between the flanges become. The web itself can also be rounded to relieve the tension inside to minimize the material.

It is also provided that material thickening in the web, preferably via the total profile length, is formed, along which the bend takes place, so that at the There is a greater wall thickness than on the back of the finished construction profile the sides of the profile. Advantageously run in the immediate vicinity of the beginning the material thickening bending points or predetermined bending points to make bending easier and reduce voltage spikes.

It is also provided that the flange edges are particularly shaped, for example with a chamfer so that the connection of the flanges over the welding of the Flange edges can be done particularly easily. The chamfers can be on the flange edge advantageously already be generated during rolling. A subsequent chamfer, for example by flame cutting is also possible.

As an alternative to the described method, a construction profile according to the invention can be used with a closed hollow cross-section by connecting a base profile beam with a support element or by connecting two identical profile supports be formed.

In the area spanned by an internal angle <180 °, preferably ≤ 90 ° a two-legged base profile carrier, the carrier element is arranged such that to form the closed hollow cross section, one end edge of the carrier element with one leg and the other end edge of the carrier element with the other Leg of the base support is connected so that a portion of the respective leg of the profile beam protrudes beyond the connection point. These stand out Sections are the connection points for similar ones during later assembly or other construction elements.

The connection between the base profile carrier and the carrier element is preferably carried out Welding.

The support elements can optionally be used as T, double T, as an angle profile, as Flat material, be designed as a U-profile or Y-profile. The base profile beam is preferred a 90 ° angle, but also angles of 30 ° or 60 ° can be advantageous.

For further stiffening, it is proposed, in the hollow cross section along the bisector a flat material, e.g. B. sheet to arrange.

In a further alternative, two profile carriers of identical design are joined together connected. These are preferably T-beams, with the edges of the two on top of each other aligned webs and the edges of the two facing flanges together are connected. The two T-beams are preferably at right angles to one another arranged.

For further stiffening, it is proposed to face each other between the two T-beam is a flat material that forms the bisector or a third T-beam to arrange. In the latter case, the flange of the third T-beam is from the connection point away.

A particularly preferred use of the construction profile according to the invention provides that it be used as a support for truss constructions or as a construction element is used, the connection of several such profiles by screwing Flange sections or partial sections of legs with HV screws over tabs or cut connections is possible. This allows these profiles to be easily assembled, have a very good fatigue behavior without the disadvantages of L-profiles, especially with regard to the bending twist and their direction-dependent Bending behavior under load. In addition, the number of screw connections required significantly reduced compared to the use of L-profiles.

Figuren 1 - 4

schematisch im Querschnitt dargestellte Ausgangsprofile und die daraus gebildeten erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktionsprofile mit geschlossenem Hohlquerschnitt,

Figuren 5 und 6

Detailansichten der Fügestelle zweier Flansche,

Figuren 7 und 8

Ausschnitte von Profil-Stegen mit erfindungsgemäßen Sollbiegestellen,

Figuren 9 - 25

Varianten von erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Konstruktionsprofilen mit einem geschlossenen Hohlquerschnitt.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. The same reference symbols in different figures denote the same components. Show it:

Figures 1 - 4

initial profiles shown schematically in cross section and the construction profiles according to the invention formed therefrom with a closed hollow cross section,

Figures 5 and 6

Detailed views of the joint of two flanges,

Figures 7 and 8

Sections of profile webs with predetermined bending points according to the invention,

Figures 9-25

Variants of construction profiles produced according to the invention with a closed hollow cross section.

Figures 1-4 show a schematic cross-sectional view on the left side of a profile beam 1, 1 ', which is designed as a so-called I-beam or double-T beam and preferably consists of a rolled profile. Such a profile carrier 1, 1 'consists of two flanges 2, 2', 3, 3 'arranged essentially parallel to each other, which are connected by a centrally arranged web 4, 4'. In addition to the illustrated embodiment with parallel flange surfaces, the inner and / or outer flange surfaces can also not be parallel, for. B. inclined, be formed.

To form a closed hollow cross-section, two are opposite Flange edges 12, 13 of the two flanges 2, 2 ', 3, 3' moved towards each other, the Web 4, 4 'of the profile beam 1, 1' is bent in the longitudinal direction. The bending process takes place until the flange edges 12, 13 lie on top of one another or are sufficiently close to one another lie so that a connection of the flanges 2, 2 'and 3, 3' in the area of each other can be done to moving flange edges 12, 13.

The bending process takes place according to FIGS. 1 and 2 around a bending line 5, which lies essentially in the middle of the web 4, 4 'between the flanges 2, 2', 3, 3 '. The bending line 5 runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal extent of the profile carrier 1, 1 ', preferably in the neutral plane or neutral fiber.

It is also possible to bend the web 4, 4 'along two bending lines 5, as shown in FIG. 3 . In principle, more than two bending lines 5 can also be provided in the web 4, 4 '.

While in FIGS. 1 and 2 the bending of the web 4, 4 'takes place with sharp edges on the bending line 5, in FIG. 4 a rounded design of the bending area of the web 4, 4' is provided. The geometry of the hollow cross-section as well as its dimensioning depend on the dimensions of the starting profile of the profile carrier 1, 1 '.

While a wide-flange I-beam 1 is used in FIG. 1 , an I-beam 1 'with a narrow flange 2', 3 'and high web 4' is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , which leads to different dimensions of the construction profile.

In addition to in Figures 1 - shown in Figure 4 rectangular array of the flanges 2, 2 ', 3, 3' and the flange edges 12, 13 to each other, depending on the application, different angles between the flanges 2, 2 ', 3, 3' realizable , While an angle of 90 ° makes sense for square constructions, an angle of 60 ° is provided for triangular constructions and for polygonal constructions a corresponding angle.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show different possibilities of connecting the two flanges 2, 3, the flange edges 12, 13 in FIG. 5 touching one another in a line and at a right angle to one another. A cohesive connection can then be established via a weld seam 15, which is designed as a V-seam.

Another arrangement of the flanges 2, 3, in which the flange edges 12, 13 do not line up with one another, but rather a flange edge 12 rests on the underside of the flange 3, is shown in FIG . The integral connection is realized according to this embodiment with a fillet weld or outer corner seam. FIGS. 7 and 8 each schematically show a section of a web 4 with advantageous predetermined bending points 14, wherein in FIG. 7 opposing predetermined bending points 14 are formed as grooves or recesses. In Figure 8 , such a groove is formed as a notch on one side only.

A predetermined bending point can advantageously be in the form of a reduction in the cross-sectional thickness in the web 4 already incorporated on one or both sides during the manufacture of the profile support 1, or rolled in. Of course, bending of the web 4 is also without Groove or predetermined bending point 14 possible.

The web 4 can also be spaced apart from one another at regular or irregular intervals Breakthroughs are provided so that there is a so-called honeycomb carrier. The bending lines 5 run through the web openings, which makes access to the hollow profile is improved if necessary.

It is important in all of the construction profiles shown that a flange half or a Flange section protrudes beyond the hollow cross section, so that the protruding Flange sections can be screwed very easily. Around to enable a symmetrical screw connection inside the hollow cross-section, can the legs or the web 4, 4 'recesses in the form of hand holes have, so that a symmetrical screwing of the flanges 2, 2 ', 3, 3' over Tabs or the like can be done. The loss of stability caused by the hand holes arises, is through the gain in stability by the otherwise closed Hollow cross section more than balanced.

The flange edges 12, 13 lying on or against one another are advantageously over the entire length is welded, alternatively batches can be welded. As an alternative to a material connection of the flanges 2, 2 ', 3, 3', these can can also be carried out via screw connections, rivets or the like.

FIG. 9 shows a base profile carrier 6 in the form of an L profile, which is connected to a T carrier 9 in such a way that a triangular, closed hollow cross section 10 is formed. Sections of the legs 7, 8 protrude beyond the triangular hollow cross-section 10, the web of the welded-in T-beam 9 pointing outwards and running approximately on the bisector of the legs 7, 8 of the L-profile.

FIG. 10 shows two T-beams 19, 20 welded together, the welding being carried out on the flange edges and the web edges, so that a square hollow cross section 10 is produced. As an alternative to welding to the flange edges and the web edges, it is possible to obtain the same construction profile by combining two L profiles.

FIG. 11 shows a base profile carrier 6 in the form of an L-profile with a welded-in flat material 16, so that a triangular, closed hollow cross section 10 is realized. In Figure 12 , a U-profile 17 with the parallel legs is welded into the L-profile, whereby a pentagonal, closed hollow cross-section 10 is created.

In FIG. 13 , a Y profile 18 is connected to a base profile carrier 6 in the form of an L profile, the flange edges of the Y profile 18 being arranged on the legs 7, 8 of the L profile. The web of the Y profile 18 runs on the bisector of the L profile and points outwards.

In FIG. 14 , two T-beams 19, 20 are welded to a flat material 30 such that this flat material 30 diagonally divides the closed hollow cross section 10 into two triangles. In this embodiment, the flat material 30 projects beyond the web edges of the two T-beams 19, 20.

In FIG. 18 , a U-profile 17 is connected to a base profile carrier 6 in the form of an L-profile in such a way that the parallel legs of the U-profile 17 point outwards, so that a closed triangular hollow cross section 10 is created.

FIG. 21 shows a basic profile carrier 6 in the form of an L-profile with a welded-in double T-carrier 21, two flange edges of a flange being welded to the legs 7, 8 of the L-profile, so that a closed triangular shape is also used Hollow cross section 10 arises.

FIG. 22 shows a combination of three T-beams 9, 19, 20, which is constructed similarly to FIG. 14, but the flat material 30 is formed by the web of the third T-beam 9.

All hollow cross sections of FIGS. 9 to 14, 18 and 21 and 22 have in common that the projecting legs 7, 8 of the L-profile run at a right angle to one another, so that preferably square constructions with such construction profiles can be erected.

A base profile carrier 6 'is shown in FIG. 15 , which corresponds to that of FIG. 9 , but the base profile carrier 6' is formed at an angle of 60 °, so that the closed hollow cross section 10 forms an equilateral triangle.

The representation in FIG. 16 corresponds to the structure of the cross section of FIG. 10, but the flanges 22, 23 of the two T-profiles 19, 20 are formed at an angle of 60 ° to one another, so that a triangular, closed hollow cross section 10 is created. As an alternative to the construction of the construction profile from two T-beams 19, 20, it is provided to form a base profile beam 6 'in the form of an angle profile with an included angle of 60 ° and to connect this with an angle profile.

FIG. 17 shows a construction profile made of a base profile carrier 6, the legs 7, 8 of which are at an angle of 60 ° to one another, with a flat material 16 used, so that a triangular, closed hollow cross section 10 is formed.

Figure 19 shows a variant of the embodiment of Figure 16 , wherein a web lying on the bisector of the projecting legs 7, 8 is formed by a Y profile 18, which is welded into the base profile carrier 6. As an alternative to this two-part design, the construction profile according to FIG. 19 is to be produced from three elements, in which two T-beams are welded to one another on the webs and one flange side each, and a band iron or flat material is welded onto the connection point of the webs.

FIG. 20 shows a variant of the construction profile according to FIG. 14, in which the flange sections 22, 23 lie at an angle of 60 ° to one another; the same applies to FIGS. 23 and 24, which are designed analogously to FIGS. 21 and 22 .

FIG. 25 shows a profile carrier 1 'which has a material thickening 25 in the middle of the web 4', which is preferably produced by a rolling process. In the immediate vicinity of the start of the material thickening 25 of the web 4 ', the profile carrier 1' is bent so that the flange edges of the flanges 2 'and 3' lie directly opposite one another or on top of one another and can be welded to one another at an angle α. The flange edges of the flanges 2 'and 3' are advantageously provided with a corresponding welding chamfer, in particular with a rolled chamfer, so that the welding of the flanges 2 ', 3' is particularly simple.

The material thickening 25 of the web 4 'is in the final state of the construction profile reaches a greater wall thickness in the area of the profile that the connection seam the flanges 2 ', 3' is opposite.

In order to reduce the stresses which arise when the web 4 'is bent, can Target bending points in the immediate vicinity of the start of the material thickening 25 of the web 4 'are attached. These can be milled or rolled into the web 4 '.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

No. description 1,1 ' profile support 2, 2 ', 3, 3' flange 4, 4 ' web 5 elastic line 6, 6 ' Basic Profile support 7, 8 leg 9 I-beam 10 Hollow cross section 12, 13 flange edge 14 Predetermined bending point 15 Weld 16 flat material 17 U-profile 18 Y-profile 19.20 I-beam 21 Double-T-carrier 22, 23 flange 25 material thickening 30 flat material

Claims (30)

Method for producing a construction profile with a closed hollow cross-section from a profile carrier (1, 1 ') which has two at least substantially parallel flanges (2, 2', 3, 3 ') which are separated by a substantially perpendicular to the flanges (2 , 2 ', 3, 3') formed web (4, 4 ') are connected to each other and extend on both sides of the web (4, 4')
characterized in that the flanges (2, 2 ', 3, 3') are moved towards one another by bending the web (4, 4 ') in the longitudinal direction of the profile carrier (1, 1') such that a first flange edge (12) the first flange (2, 2 ') is directly opposite a second flange edge (13) of the second flange (3, 3') and the flanges (2, 2 ', 3, 3') lying opposite one another are connected to one another. The method of claim 1
characterized in that the flanges (2, 2 ', 3, 3') are integrally connected to one another at the flange edges (12, 13) lying directly opposite one another. The method of claim 1 or 2
characterized in that the flange edges (12, 13) are welded together over the entire length. Method according to one of the preceding claims
characterized in that predetermined bending points (14) are worked into the web (4, 4 ') in the form of a reduction in cross-section, along which the bending is carried out. Method according to claim 4
characterized in that the predetermined bending points (14) run parallel to the longitudinal extent of the profile beam (1, 1 '). Method according to claim 4 or 5
characterized in that a plurality of predetermined bending points (14) arranged parallel to one another are provided in the web (4, 4 '), along which the bending is carried out. Method according to one of the preceding claims
characterized in that a one-piece I-beam, preferably a rolled beam, is used as the profile beam (1, 1 '). Method according to one of the preceding claims
characterized in that the bending process is carried out in discrete steps or continuously. Construction profile consisting of a profile beam which has two flanges which are connected to one another via a web and extend on both sides of the web and whose web is bent in the longitudinal direction of the profile beam according to the method of claim 1
characterized in that , forming a closed hollow cross section (10), at least one flange edge (12, 13) is connected to a further flange edge (12, 13) in such a way that flange sections (22, 23) protrude beyond the closed hollow cross section (10). Construction profile according to claim 9
characterized in that the flange edges (12, 13) are integrally connected to one another, in particular welded. Construction profile according to claims 9 and 10
characterized in that the flange edges (12, 13) are connected to one another over their entire length, in particular are welded. Construction profile according to one of claims 9 to 11
characterized in that the profile carrier (1, 1 ') is an I-profile. Construction profile according to one of claims 9 to 12
characterized in that the profile carrier (1, 1 ') is formed in one piece. Construction profile according to one of claims 9 to 13
characterized in that the profile carrier (1, 1 ') is a rolled profile. Construction profile according to one of claims 9 to 14
characterized in that predetermined bending points (14) are formed in the web (4, 4 '), along which the bending takes place. Construction profile according to claim 15
characterized in that the predetermined bending points (14) are formed on both sides opposite one another in the web (4, 4 '). Construction profile according to one of claims 9 to 16
characterized in that the flange edges (12, 13) touch after bending and are aligned at an angle α of 30 ° - 140 ° to each other. Construction profile according to one of claims 7 to 17
characterized in that a material thickening (25) is formed in the web (4, 4 '), the bending lines (5) or predetermined bending points (14) running in the immediate vicinity of the beginning of the material thickening (25). Construction profile consisting of a profile beam with a support element that can be connected to it
characterized in that the other support element is arranged in the area of a two-legged base profile support (6, 6 ') spanned by an internal angle of <180 °, preferably ≤ 90 °, in such a way that the one end edge of the Carrier element with one leg (7) and the other end edge of the carrier element with the other leg (8) of the base profile carrier (6, 6 ') is connected so that a portion of the respective leg (7, 8) of the base Profile carrier (6, 6 ') protrudes beyond the connection point. Construction profile according to claim 19
characterized in that the connection between the base profile carrier (6, 6 ') and the carrier element can be produced by welding. Construction profile according to claims 19 and 20
characterized in that the support element is a T- (9) or double-T support (21), the edges of a flange of which are connected to the legs (7, 8) of the base profile support (6, 6 '). Construction profile according to claims 19 and 20
characterized in that the carrier element is an angular profile, the leg edges of which are connected to the legs (7, 8) of the base profile carrier (6, 6 '). Construction profile according to claims 19 and 20
characterized in that the carrier element is a U-profile (17), the corner edges or leg edges of which are connected to the legs (7, 8) of the base profile carrier (6, 6 '). Construction profile according to claims 19 and 20
characterized in that the carrier element is a Y-profile (18), the leg edges of which are connected to the legs (7, 8) of the base profile carrier (6, 6 '). Construction profile according to one of claims 19 to 24
characterized in that a flat material (30) is arranged in the closed hollow cross section (10) along the bisector of the angle. Construction profile consisting of two interconnected identically designed profile beams
characterized in that both profile beams are designed as T-beams (19, 20) and the edges of the two webs directed towards one another and the edges of the two flanges directed towards one another are connected to form a closed hollow cross-section. Construction profile according to claim 26
characterized in that the two T-beams (19, 20) are arranged at right angles to one another. Construction profile according to claim 26
characterized in that the two T-beams (19, 20) are arranged at an angle of <90 ° to one another. Construction profile according to one of claims 26-28
characterized in that a flat material (30) forming the bisector is arranged between the two T-beams (19, 20) directed towards one another. Construction profile according to one of claims 26-28
characterized in that a T-beam (9) forming the bisector of the angle is arranged between the two T-beams (19, 20) directed towards one another.

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