EP1384502A1 - Mélangeur, échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Mélangeur, échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP1384502A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: heat exchanger; mixer; webs; tubes; exchanger according
Prior art date: 2002-07-24
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP03015959A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP1384502B1 (fr

Inventor

Klemens Dr. Kohlgrüber

Peter Jähn

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Bayer AG

Original Assignee

Bayer AG

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2002-07-24

Filing date

2003-07-14

Publication date

2004-01-28

2003-07-14 Application filed by Bayer AG, Bayer Technology Services GmbH filed Critical Bayer AG

2004-01-28 Publication of EP1384502A1 publication Critical patent/EP1384502A1/fr

2006-01-11 Application granted granted Critical

2006-01-11 Publication of EP1384502B1 publication Critical patent/EP1384502B1/fr

2023-07-14 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F35/93—Heating or cooling systems arranged inside the receptacle
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/47—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying involving high-viscosity liquids, e.g. asphalt
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
- B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
- B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
- B01F2215/0422—Numerical values of angles
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
- B01F2215/0486—Material property information
- B01F2215/0495—Numerical values of viscosity of substances

Definitions

the invention relates to a combination of static mixer and heat exchanger for process engineering treatment of thermally sensitive viscous Media consisting of several in parallel next to, on top of each other or offset from one another arranged pipes, which are at an angle, preferably of 90 °, to Product flow direction stand in a housing and the flow is flowing.
the Tubes have radially arranged webs on the outer diameter or curved, which are arranged axially offset to the tube axis and on the Pipe axis are offset from each other.
the raised contours are arranged that especially in the case of viscous and highly viscous substances and mixtures good mixing effect occurs and at the same time due to the significantly enlarged pipe outer surface rapid, gentle temperature control is only possible.
soldered static mixers which are in somewhat better temperature control properties Housing or pipes are soldered. Soldering requires a precisely prepared one Housing or tube and a machined on its outer diameter Static mixer, so that a good and complete solder connection is achieved can. The mechanical preparations for the parts to be soldered are complex and expensive. Soldered static mixers show a good contact surface when soldered well to the inner tempered housing wall. Because of the geometric structure however, the static mixer is the contact surface to the heated housing surface small, so that only a slightly higher temperature control output to the product flow is possible. The enlargement of the tempered area compared to the rolled area Static mixers are not significantly higher, so mixing sticks with soldered Static mixers, can not be shortened significantly. The soldering process is because of the limited size of the soldering furnace and because of the distortion of the tubes when Soldering only possible with a small tube length (generally ⁇ 2 m).
the temperature-controlled static mixer reactor (DE 2 839 564 A1) is also known. This reactor mixes the product flowing through, the mixing internals consist of meandering tubes. This device exists from a temperature-controlled housing in which the mixing internals by a special shaped meander - tube bundles are replaced.
the pipeline bundle consists of several curved bends running in parallel thin tubes.
the ends of the tubes are welded to a flange from which from which the heating or cooling medium for temperature control of the product stream is fed.
the parallel, curved pipes are temperature-controlled internals inserted into the housing parallel to the direction of flow of the product.
the meandering pipes are at an alternating angle in the Product flow direction and run across the hydraulic diameter of the housing.
the parallel tubes in the bundle cross each other in the axial direction of the housing, according to the known principle of the static mixer.
the mixing pipes show a round to in this construction elliptical flow cross-section, the pipes are under a product flow Angle inclined so that only a small distributing deflection or mixing of the product flow to be tempered. There flow round profiles one have a low mixing effect, is a homogeneous temperature distribution in a highly viscous Short flow of product is not sufficient.
the length of the insertable meander tube bundle is always a multiple of the hydraulic housing diameter.
the meandering tubes have a large heat transfer surface due to their elongated length.
the liquid heat carrier is supplied and removed through the connecting flange, which releases its energy through the tube bundle around which the product flows.
the large heating surface cannot be used effectively because the internals do not have a good mixing effect.
the bent, insertable tube bundles are susceptible to large pressure gradients.
Products experience high pressure gradients, so that the meandering curve Heating / cooling pipes in the product flow direction are subjected to tensile or pressure loads and stretched become.
the internal heat-transmitting internals of the apparatus tend to do so for deformation and a further tempering of the product by the then missing redirection of the product is no longer possible.
the unwanted stretching of the tube bundle is irreparable and can lead to plant downtime with high failure costs to lead.
the temperature-controlled meandering tube bundle shows due to the ideally stretched Length of the single pipe and the small flow cross-section a high pressure loss and a long dwell time on the tempering side.
Both pressure loss and Dwell time e.g. of the temperature control medium in the meander lines leads to high Differences between inlet and outlet temperatures and reduces those for heat transfer important mean temperature difference is crucial. Because of that the performance of such meandering tube bundles is low. In practice several tube bundles are often connected in series, which in turn increases the investment costs, the pressure loss, the dwell time of the temperature to be controlled Fabric and increases the assembly effort.
a uniform and gentle tempering of highly viscous, single-phase or multiphase product streams with a short dwell time can be used with the known systems, e.g. Static mixers with heated housings or temperature-controlled meandering tube bundles do not take place.
the New temperature-controlled static mixers are said to have a low pressure drop on the Have heat transfer side, so that with large temperature differences to the temperature Product flow can be expected. Furthermore, the new apparatus concept be applicable to large hydraulic housing diameters. Additional Improvement in terms of high robustness against mechanical influences, against high pressure gradients and the possibility of various heat-conducting and use corrosion-resistant materials to meet different product requirements would be beneficial.
the invention is intended for the use of viscous to highly viscous substances (viscosity 0.001 to 20,000 Pa.s) significant advantages demonstrate.
the new device is said to be a compact heat exchanger with a low Installation wall and low manufacturing costs installed in production facilities can be.
the object of the invention is a static mixer / heat exchanger provide the disadvantages of the known constructions of the prior art technology avoids a significantly improved temperature control with less Apparatus volume enables, reduces the manufacturing costs of the apparatus and greater robustness, operational reliability and service life than known heat exchangers having.
the invention relates to a static mixer / heat exchanger for the Treatment of viscous and highly viscous products, at least comprehensively an optionally temperature-controlled housing for the passage of the product in which in particular at least two at right angles to the main flow direction of the product, preferably tempered tubes arranged one behind the other, in particular temperable are arranged by passing a heat transfer medium, whereby on attached to the circumference of the pipes a variety of heat exchanger webs are characterized in that the heat exchanger webs along each Tube are aligned in at least two parallel layers and the webs of the different positions at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to 135 °, preferably from 70 ° to 100 °, particularly preferably from 85 ° to 95 ° to one another about the axis of the tube are arranged twisted and that the webs of the different layers to the main flow direction of the product through the housing at an angle ⁇ of ⁇ 10 ° stand up to ⁇ 80 °.
the webs of the different layers are available in a preferred embodiment Main flow direction of the product through the housing at an angle ⁇ from ⁇ 30 ° to ⁇ 60 ° and particularly preferably at an angle ⁇ of ⁇ 40 ° to ⁇ 50 °.
a mixer / heat exchanger is preferred, characterized in that each web of a layer has a web opposite this web on the tube is arranged. In the simplest case, both webs are then exactly on the tube at an angle of 180 ° opposite.
a mixer / heat exchanger is also preferred, characterized in that the Bars of the different layers of bars alternating over the length of the tube are arranged. This further improves the mixing effect.
the webs are designed such that the webs of the various web layers along the tubes to each other on a gap are.
the distances between the webs of the different layers along of the pipe so chosen that the gap between the pipe-axial neighboring Webs is larger than the respective web width.
the gaps enlarge the product flow cross section and reduce it Pressure loss. If the gaps are smaller than the respective axial web width, this increases the pressure loss and at the same time the heat transfer surface of the pipes.
the web width / gap ratio is between two webs two adjacent web layers less than 1, preferably less than 0.7 and particularly preferably less than 0.5 in order to reduce the pressure loss.
a mixer / heat exchanger is also preferred, characterized in that that several tubes with webs in the housing transverse to the main flow direction are attached side by side.
the tubes have Temperature control channels for the passage of a liquid heat transfer medium, in which Outflow area of each channel a nozzle with a smaller than the channel hydraulic diameter, to limit the flow rate of the temperature control medium, is appropriate.
the diameter of the nozzle is preferably only half as large as the hydraulic one Channel diameter of the respective pipe.
the preferred integrated nozzle at the end of the temperature control channel, in the outflow area of the pipes, reduces the flow rate of the liquid temperature control medium when completely flooded channel. This increases the even flow many parallel tubes of the mixer / heat exchanger.
this Housing of the mixer / heat exchanger one separate supply and one separate dissipative housing area for the heat transfer medium to the To supply inflow and outflow areas of the temperature control channels. This is done forced flow through the web tubes.
the temperature-controlled mixer / heat exchanger can be a circular (hydraulic) or show a rectangular cross-section so that the cross-sectional shape of the module can be adapted to the procedural need.
the Mixer has a height from length to diameter L / D ⁇ 10, preferably at larger diameters the L / D ratio is ⁇ 5 and this is particularly preferred L / D ratio ⁇ 1.
a preferred variant of the mixer / heat exchanger is characterized in that that in the housing in several levels one behind the other (in the main flow direction) tubes provided with webs, in particular with different web shapes pipes or versions provided are attached.
This multi-stage On the one hand, execution enables the mixed material to be mixed more locally on the other hand, due to the different heating surface in the Product flow direction, a temperature gradient along the pipes Mixing section enables.
the outer webs form gaps defined to each other.
the vertical Pipe distances "h” can form gaps between the individual mixing levels, so that there is a reduction in pressure loss and a good welding connection of the mixing elements formed in segments with the housing is.
a preferred one is to intensify the mixing effect and tempering further Mixer / heat exchanger constructed so that the radial expansion of the arranged adjacent tubes, each adjacent heat exchanger webs overlaps.
the variation of the pipe distances across the product flow direction or the variation of the distances in the product flow direction enables an improvement of the Mixing and temperature control processes with simultaneously lower apparatus volume (hold-up).
Hold-up When flowing through the mixer / heat exchanger takes place in a close arrangement an interlocking of the temperature control bars, side by side or one behind the other arranged pipes. That increases the flow rate and in follow the tempering and mixing performance.
a mixer / heat exchanger is also preferred, characterized in that that the radial extension of the webs is at least 0.5 times to 30 times, preferably at least 5 times to 15 times the inner diameter of the connected pipe is.
a mixer / heat exchanger is also preferred, characterized in that that the radial webs on the tubes are hollow and the web cavity is a direct one Has connection to the pipe interior.
the guide surfaces of the webs are raised, so that the heat-exchanging area is increased further and additional mixing or flow effects especially when passing through low-viscosity substances occur.
the radial expansion of the webs and the resulting effective heat exchange area while reducing the local pressure drop at the same time due to the thermal conductivity properties of the pipe material used and the substance-specific heat transfer coefficient of the product to be tempered cannot be chosen arbitrarily large.
a large radial expansion of the webs can take place when the webs are hollow and the web cavity is a direct one Has connection to the channel of the pipe. Is a high dispersion performance on the process side
the radial expansion of the webs can be chosen to be large, so that intersect the webs in different levels or webs of neighboring pipes mesh.
the tubes with hollow webs can be cast in one piece getting produced. Due to modern welding processes (laser welding) even a welded construction is economical.
a variant of the mixer / heat exchanger is also preferred characterized in that the inner wall of the pipes is contoured for enlargement has its surface, in particular in the form of longitudinal ribs.
the interior of the temperature control tube is preferably the outer surfaces of the temperature control tubes and in particular contour the webs to the product side Enlarge heat transfer area.
the mixer / heat exchanger is preferably designed so that the pipes are provided with an electrical resistance heater.
the mixer / heat exchanger comes as a heater with the pipes inserted electric heating cartridges are used, the separately designed supply lines are not required and dissipative lines for temperature control, so that the pipes with the enclosing housing are directly connected, one-sided with the heating cartridges can be equipped.
the temperature range of the Mixer / heat exchanger from -50 ° C to + 300 ° C. Above 300 ° C the Mixer / heat exchanger operated with electric heating cartridges up to 500 ° C become.
Another preferred design for the implementation of catalyzed processes is the Mixer / heat exchanger is advantageous, which is characterized in that the Pipes and / or the webs on their surface in contact with the mix with a catalyst are coated.
the web tubes of the mixer / heat exchanger are preferably formed in one piece, e.g. in that the pipes with webs in the casting process or as a forging are made.
the production of the tubes with webs or the web tubes by casting or forming technology has cost advantages.
the homogeneous material structure good heat conduction from the flowing tempering agent to the product contact External surface secured and cold bridges avoided.
metallic, alloyed CrNi materials, Cu connections, aluminum, titanium, Highly alloyed nickel steels or precious metals are preferred as materials.
the mixing effect and heat exchanger function are particularly effective in one preferred mixer / heat exchanger, in which the web tubes in the transverse direction to Main flow direction of the product at an angle ⁇ of at most +/- 15 Degrees are arranged in the housing.
a preferred mixer / heat exchanger is advantageous, in which one behind the other in the housing in several levels in the flow direction webs are attached, and the tubes of the levels differently dimensioned webs compared to the webs of the pipes of neighboring Have levels.
a mixer / heat exchanger is preferred, characterized in that at least two parallel groups of tubes with webs arranged one behind the other have different web shapes.
a mixer / heat exchanger is particularly preferably constructed, characterized in that that at least one tube with webs in one plane with one Pipe extension through the supply or discharge temperature range is guided outside the housing and the channel of the bridge tube on one side is closed and at least two radial openings connect the channel of the bridge tube to the flowed through product space of the mixer / heat exchanger forms an additional liquid or gaseous component in the main stream to direct the mix and mix it immediately.
a dye or an additive or an entrainer can be added are e.g. dyeing viscous products, realizing admixtures or Add detergent for a subsequent cleaning step.
Another procedural use becomes possible if e.g. a reaction component over the flow cross section of the mixer / heat exchanger in the Main flow metered in and thereby initiated or started a chemical reaction becomes. Any heat of reaction that arises from the start of an exothermic Reaction, can be removed immediately to keep the process isothermal.
plug-in temperature control units Another preferred embodiment of the invention with plug-in temperature control units is possible if the housing of the product-side flow channel in Flow direction has lateral openings through which the temperature control unit transversely to Flow direction can be used, so that the product-side flow cross-section is completely filled with the temperature-controlled static mixer unit.
plug-in temperature control units can then, each in the main flow direction offset by 90 degrees, inserted into the product-carrying channel of the housing become. This disassembles and assembles the device for cleaning purposes due to e.g. of a product change considerably simplified.
adjustable temperature control units are equipped with heating medium on one side supplied, so that via an extended capillary extending into the temperature control channel the tempering leveled the flow conditions of the heat exchanger and another. No narrowing of the temperature control channel.
pipes are also used outer webs or baffles arranged one above the other in a U-shaped housing and welded both U-shaped housing shells to a tight housing, see above that there is a right-angled flow cross-section for the product to be tempered forms (Figure 2, 2a).
Another user-friendly version of the mixer / heat exchanger consists of, if temperature-regulating tube ends each in separate heating pockets, for the supply and discharge of the temperature control medium, used, welded and be provided with a flange on one side in order to be plugged in as temperature control units an adapted housing to be used.
the stacked tubes with the one-sided distribution pockets can be pushed into temperature-controlled housings as plug-in units.
Arrangement is particularly small heating area in a small space, so that product-friendly temperature control takes place with a short dwell time.
a special The advantage for the user is the possibility of cleaning the temperature-controlled ones Mixer unit.
a plurality of mixers / heat exchangers can preferably be arranged one behind the other are, optionally in combination with known static mixers.
the Mixer / heat exchanger can be set at an angle ⁇ of 45 to 135 °, e.g. of 90 °, rotated relative to one another about the central axis of the housing.
the mixer / heat exchanger is a powerful temperature control unit that itself a high heat transfer capacity at laminar flow rate allows. For this reason, the mixer / heat exchanger according to the invention preferred for the construction of low backmixing flow reactors, suitable for carrying out exothermic and endothermic processes. ever According to the task, process-intensive reactor areas in which a Reaction is started, rapid heat exchange is desired and according to dwell time ranges which are less temperature regulating and only mix is differentiated. Dwell time ranges of flow reactors can e.g. Tempered tubes with known static mixers used.
the main application of the invention is in the field of gentle quick Temperature control of viscous to highly viscous material systems.
in addition to an effective temperature control is always a good and effective mixing required to maintain a constant temperature across the flow cross-section to achieve.
additives or Dyes are mixed in so that in a process plant additional mixing sections can be omitted.
additional mixing sections can be metered in, at the same time takes place through the effective temperature control a gentle short-term heating of the polymer to a higher temperature level, without initiating thermal product damage, so that a downstream Evaporation step as a cleaning step, e.g. an easier boiling unwanted component can be performed.
small, compact high-performance heat exchangers can be Form for low-viscosity and high-viscosity, liquid and gaseous substances.
the devices show a very stable design, can because of the stable Execution used with high pressure gradients have a large heat transfer Area and work with low backmixing.
the advantages of material systems are particularly noticeable due to their short residence times.
the invention can even be used at a fully tempered temperature Housing are dispensed with, which u. a. Investment costs can be further reduced.
the device always works with small temperature differences between input and Escaping the heat transfer medium or the coolant, so that a high power transfer when tempering and a very good use of the secondary energies is possible.
the invention enables compact, pressure-resistant and inexpensive heat transfer apparatus or low backmixing tubular reactors.
the form of insertable Mixer / heat exchanger units in appropriate tempered housing results particularly user-friendly apparatus that allow easy cleaning.
Mixing bars 2a, 2a 'in a front, shown in section and a rear Has web area with two further webs 2b, 2b '.
the width of the land area is chosen here so that alternating two web layers, each with two webs 2a, 2a 'and 2b, 2b 'are arranged radially offset from one another in the housing 6 along the tube axis and they connect seamlessly in their axial extent (see figure 1a).
the shape or design of the webs and the web surface quality can be different.
the surface of the webs and the tube can e.g. structured be by raised pimples, warts or grooves or grooves to the heat transfer Enlarge area and produce additional flow effects. in the It essentially depends on the process engineering task or requirement. Examples of this are shown in FIGS. 3 to 9.
the bridges can on the outer circumference of the tube 1 radially symmetrical (as in Fig. 3-5) or also be arranged asymmetrically (Fig. 7-9) and different from each other Show angles, with different web shapes combined can and correspond to Fig. 7-9.
the web shape can be from the radial simple form differ in that they also have a curved Show shape as a guide vane, which is particularly advantageous if the intersect concentric areas and forced secondary flows become.
3a show a cross section or longitudinal section through a tube 1 similar to FIG. 1 with two webs 32a, 32a 'which have a constant diameter and one Have flat 31 transversely to the main flow direction 21 at its ends.
the webs 42a, 42a ' are tapered at the end in cross section educated.
the webs 52a, 52a 'according to the variant according to FIGS. 5, 5a are similar 4, but with a widened foot corresponding to the diameter of the tube 1 executed.
Fig. 6 shows a variant of a web tube 1 similar to that of FIG. 5, but with only a web 62 'in a web position.
7 combines web shapes 4 and FIG. 5 here with different radial expansion of the webs 72, 72 '. 8, which is similar to FIG. 7, both webs 82, 82 ' in cross-section and at an angle of 170 ° C around the pipe axis rotated to each other arranged.
the angular offset is 90 ° C. between the webs 92 and 92 'compared to the arrangement of FIG. 7.
the heat transfer surface can the side in contact with the product and also the flow around the pipe and thus also the important mixing process are favored.
temperature control processes of highly viscous media with a viscosity greater than 1 Pa.s is a defined one Arrangement of the webs on the outer circumference of the tube makes sense to next to the Heat transfer can also achieve an effective mixing effect.
To increase the Heating power can be the inner contour of the web tubes 1, which is in contact with the Temperature control is also available with ribs. This will make the Heating surface on the heat or coolant side increased significantly.
the tube shape with any number or specifically arranged web areas on the outer tube diameter can be economical in the casting process or in a Forging processes are manufactured, this always ensures that a complete metallic contact between tube and raised outer contour consists .
the radial webs can be hollow, so that the web cavity has a direct connection to the temperature control room and everywhere constant wall thicknesses are present. Mechanical strength requirements and the required compressive strength is made by choosing the appropriate wall thickness.
the tubes can be made of different materials, so that one sufficiently high corrosion resistance is guaranteed.
the casting process allows economical production of only one particular one Pipe length too. Larger pipe lengths have to be connected by connecting several pipe units be produced using a suitable welding process.
FIG. 2 Another mixer / heat exchanger is shown in Figure 2 in longitudinal section.
Six tubes 1 have two parallel layers of webs 2a and 2b with each on the outer circumference of the tubes two radially offset webs 2a, 2a '.
the pipes 1 protrude at one end into a heat transfer medium supply chamber 4 and end in one Heat transfer chamber 5 ( Figure 2a).
the tubes 1 are with the feed 4 and the Discharge chamber 5 welded.
the tubes 1 are at an angle ⁇ of approximately 5 degrees transverse to the main flow direction 21 of the product.
the tubes 1 with the webs are positioned so that the webs are at an angle ⁇ of 45 degrees to the product flow 21 are positioned.
the webs 2a are in relation to the offset webs 2b in an angle ⁇ of 90 degrees.
the supply chamber 4 and discharge chamber 5 of the temperature control consist of a on the housing 6 welded pocket or a half tube (not shown).
FIG. 10 shows a mixer / heat exchanger unit with a rectangular housing 6 and three web tubes 1, 1 ', 1 ".
the webs 12a, 12b correspond in their construction the types shown in Fig. 3 and are over the length of the Pipes 1, 1 ', 1 "arranged in an alternating position.
the mixer / heat exchanger (compare sectional view in Fig. 12) has one through the housing 6 formed rectangular product flow area. The further that Housing 6 surrounding housing 15, which is divided with separators, forms the Chambers 4, 5 for the heat transfer medium 18. Several shaped according to FIG. 10 Mixer / heat exchanger units are one behind the other in the direction of flow arranged and connected flush to a product line. The product flows through 10 from above (flow direction 21).
Another option for supplying and discharging the bath liquid is in that around the heat exchanger housing with internal web tubes Ring or jacket tube, which in turn has two dividers to separate between supply and return of the heat transfer medium (see figure 14), put up and welded.
Ring or jacket tube which in turn has two dividers to separate between supply and return of the heat transfer medium (see figure 14), put up and welded.
With a round heat transfer chamber and Housing are the temperature-controlled tubes 1 with their webs in the inflow plane of the Product of different lengths.
the shape and direction of the web can interact with the horizontal Pipe distances "a” or the vertical pipe distances "h” among each other an optimal Form temperature-controlled mixer / heat exchanger geometry with large Heat transfer surface and high mixing effect.
the pipes with the outer Crosspieces can show different pipe spacings, they can be chosen so closely that the concentric land areas overlap and the outer Crossbars cross each other (see Figure 13). This allows the heat transfer Area varies per unit volume and the residence time of the product be made smaller.
the tubes in one level can have different web shapes show and arrangements.
FIG. 13 shows a mixer heat exchanger arrangement similar to that shown in FIG. 10 Shape however with two further rows of bridge tubes 131, 132, which in Product flow direction 21 are arranged one behind the other.
the first row of web tubes 1, 1 ', 1 "with webs 12 a, 12b corresponds to that in FIG Fig. 10 shape shown.
the tubes 131, 132 with the outer webs are arranged in such a way that the respective end webs to the housing 6 have a defined gap show in order to flow around the web tubes as completely as possible, in particular for To enable housing wall 6 ( Figure 13, level 2 and 3).
This gap prevents the Formation of dead spaces in the flow direction in which products are deposited can be used to reduce the quality of the products due to long temperature exposure leads.
additional temperature control takes place through the targeted Guiding the product to the temperature-controlled housing.
the temperature-controlled mixer / heat exchanger can according to the variant Fig. 14 can be used to evenly mix in a component Distribute product.
Fig. 14 can be used to evenly mix in a component Distribute product.
in the middle tube 13 in Area of the webs 2a, 2b introduced small inlet openings 14, which make it possible a component to be mixed in via a pipe extension (13) through the To supply heating medium room and through the openings 14 through the Enter the entire product flow cross-section evenly ( Figure 14, 14a).
a combination of several mixer / heat exchangers 9, 9a, 9b, 9c into one Flow reactor is shown schematically in section in FIG. 15.
the unit 9a has here an L / D ratio of 1.5 while the remaining units of the reactor L / D ratio of 0.75.
the units are offset from each other by 90 degrees arranged.
the incoming heat transfer chambers 4 and dissipative heat transfer chambers 5 of the mixer / heat exchanger units are all in parallel with the Heat transfer supply connected.
the temperature control tubes 1 with webs are in the Units 9, 9b by broken lines and in units 9a, 9c by the Crossing points of the broken lines are indicated.
the Units in the horizontal and vertical planes or in the main flow direction Have 21 different number of web tubes for temperature control in order to Module to achieve a differentiated temperature control and dispersion performance.
the middle tube is only open on one side (similar to the version in FIG. 14 a) and through a capillary 13 on one side through the temperature control chamber 4 extended to outside the mixer / heat exchanger unit 9.
Outside the Unit 9 can now connect a metering pump, which is not shown in FIG. 15 to e.g. another substance (additive, entrainer, reactants) over the entire flow cross-section of the module or unit dose and distribute. Bores or nozzles 14 along the tube in the product stream ensure an even distribution over the flow cross-section the unit.
the heat transfer medium e.g. hot water, oil, cooling brine
the simplest version is the inside diameter 3 of the pipe in the outlet area to the dissipating heat transfer chamber reduced in size over a short distance, e.g. on the inside diameter 3 ', similar to in Figure 11 is shown. If steam is used as an energy source, this narrowing is of the inner diameter 3 of the tube 1 is not required.
Compact heat exchangers have the task of flowing through in a short time Medium as high as possible, i.e. heat as close as possible to the heating medium temperature, so that due to a short-term temperature load no thermal Damage to the product occurs.
Compact heat exchangers are designed to have smaller apparatus dimensions have, as known heat exchangers with the same performance, thus only a small space requirement in a process engineering plant and this results in low installation and investment costs.
An essential feature to compare different types of heat exchanger is the heat transfer performance, the required heat exchange surface and the product side Apparatus volume.
the mixer / heat exchanger according to the invention was also used a device from the prior art (published patent application DE-2 839 564 A1) compared.
the investigated mixer / heat exchanger according to the invention corresponded basically the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 2a, but with four instead of two pipes arranged next to each other across the product flow direction and overall Nine instead of three arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow 21 Pipe bundles (see Figure 2a).
a highly viscous substance (silicone oil) with a viscosity of 10 Pa.s was selected and pumped through the heat exchanger with a gear pump, so that the mass flow could be determined gravimetrically in the outlet area of the respective apparatus.
the heat exchangers were connected to an electrically heated and controlled thermostat (heating output 3 kW). Water was selected as the heat transfer medium so that the thermostat controller for the flow temperature at the thermostat was set to 90 ° C.
the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat transfer medium and the product side were measured using a Pt-100 thermocouple and registered and saved on a data acquisition system.
the apparatus data show design-related deviations. From table 1 is It can be seen that the mixer / heat exchanger has a shorter design and therefore has a lower volume on the product side (hold-up). In addition, the Mixer / heat exchanger an effective heat transfer area smaller by 0.01 qm. Due to the design, there is always a section in the mixer / heat exchanger of the housing tempered. The effective total temperature control area is for the test evaluation been used. From the tests carried out, the measured Temperatures and pressures, the characteristic data were calculated and compared in Table 2 for both heat exchangers. It the transferred heat output, the average heat transfer coefficient and the pressure loss was calculated from the recorded measured values.
Table 2 shows the calculated performance data of the heat exchangers for a constant volume flow (silicone oil) of approx. 30 l / h. Stand d. technology Mixer / heat exchanger Heat transfer performance 400 W. 520 W. Product inlet temperature 22.6 ° C 22.5 ° C Product exit temperature 55.2 ° C 67.3 ° C Average heat transfer coefficient 98 W / qm / K 160 W / qm / K Pressure drop (product page) 1.5 bar 1 bar
test result confirms a significant improvement in heat transfer performance with a shorter residence time through the mixer / heat exchanger according to the invention.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Civil Engineering (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

EP03015959A 2002-07-24 2003-07-14 Mélangeur, échangeur de chaleur Expired - Lifetime EP1384502B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE10233506		2002-07-24
DE10233506A DE10233506B4 (de)	2002-07-24	2002-07-24	Mischer/Wärmeaustauscher

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP1384502A1 true EP1384502A1 (fr)	2004-01-28
EP1384502B1 EP1384502B1 (fr)	2006-01-11

Family

ID=29796539

Family Applications (1)

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EP03015959A Expired - Lifetime EP1384502B1 (fr)	2002-07-24	2003-07-14	Mélangeur, échangeur de chaleur

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
US (1)	US7220048B2 (fr)
EP (1)	EP1384502B1 (fr)
JP (1)	JP4430347B2 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE315434T1 (fr)
DE (2)	DE10233506B4 (fr)
ES (1)	ES2256622T3 (fr)

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EP2865503A1 (fr)	2013-09-20	2015-04-29	Promix Solutions AG	Procédé pour la production des mousses à densité basse
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- 2003-07-14 ES ES03015959T patent/ES2256622T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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WO2009021930A1 (fr) *	2007-08-14	2009-02-19	Wacker Chemie Ag	Procédé continu de polymérisation
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WO2009027212A1 (fr) *	2007-08-29	2009-03-05	Wacker Chemie Ag	Procédé de production de polymères stabilisés par colloïde protecteur et dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé
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WO2009127596A1 (fr) *	2008-04-15	2009-10-22	Rhodia Operations	Procede de preparation de cristaux a base d'un ester d'acide gras
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EP2851118A1 (fr)	2013-09-20	2015-03-25	Promix Solutions AG	Dispositif de mélange et d'échange thermique et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP2865503A1 (fr)	2013-09-20	2015-04-29	Promix Solutions AG	Procédé pour la production des mousses à densité basse
EP3489603A1 (fr)	2017-11-28	2019-05-29	Promix Solutions AG	Echangeur de chaleur
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CN112179176A (zh) *	2020-09-24	2021-01-05	金湖正泓企业策划有限公司	一种基于高密度管道换热用分流式换热器
CN113916037A (zh) *	2021-10-13	2022-01-11	江苏科技大学	雪花状翅片相变蓄热装置
WO2024052189A1 (fr) *	2022-09-06	2024-03-14	Basf Se	Désublimateur à actionnement discontinu présentant au moins un perturbateur d'écoulement

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE10233506B4 (de)	2004-12-09
EP1384502B1 (fr)	2006-01-11
DE50302165D1 (de)	2006-04-06
JP2004058058A (ja)	2004-02-26
ES2256622T3 (es)	2006-07-16
US20040085853A1 (en)	2004-05-06
DE10233506A1 (de)	2004-02-12
ATE315434T1 (de)	2006-02-15
US7220048B2 (en)	2007-05-22
JP4430347B2 (ja)	2010-03-10

Publication	Publication Date	Title
DE10233506B4 (de)	2004-12-09	Mischer/Wärmeaustauscher
EP2349552B1 (fr)	2018-03-28	Réacteur modulaire
EP2851118B1 (fr)	2016-05-25	Dispositif de mélange et d'échange thermique et procédé pour sa fabrication
DE60108071T3 (de)	2015-04-09	Chemischer reaktor mit wärmeaustauscher
EP2052199B1 (fr)	2018-02-14	Appareil combiné d'échange de chaleur et de mélange statique avec un liquide
EP1879674B1 (fr)	2010-10-13	Microevaporateur
EP3489603B1 (fr)	2021-06-16	Echangeur de chaleur
EP1890785A2 (fr)	2008-02-27	Evaporateur total complet et dispositif de melange, d'evaporation et/ou de reaction controles de plusieurs fluides
EP0290812A1 (fr)	1988-11-17	Echangeur de chaleur, particulièrement pour refroidir du gas de crackage
DE3930205A1 (de)	1991-03-14	Rohrbuendel-waermetauscher
EP1486749A2 (fr)	2004-12-15	Turbulateur
DE102017203058A1 (de)	2018-08-30	Wärmeübertrager und Reaktor
DE60023394T2 (de)	2006-04-27	Wärmetauscher
WO2009106174A1 (fr)	2009-09-03	Échangeur de chaleur servant à chauffer des produits sensibles à la température et au temps de séjour
DE2536657C3 (de)	1979-03-29	Wärmeaustauscher zum Vorwärmen von Verbrennungsluft für insbesondere ölbeheizte Industrieöfen
DE19837671A1 (de)	2000-02-24	Statischer Mischer
EP1681091A2 (fr)	2006-07-19	Reacteur tubulaire pour effectuer des reactions exothermes ou endothermes
EP0722075A1 (fr)	1996-07-17	Echangeur de chaleur à tubes capillaires de haute capacité
DE2149536A1 (de)	1972-04-13	Verfahren zum Erhitzen einer Waermeuebertragungsfluessigkeit
DE3000714C2 (de)	1982-07-22	Vorrichtung zum gleichmäßigen Verteilen eines Fließmediums in einem Reaktionsraum
EP3966513B1 (fr)	2024-07-17	Échangeur de chaleur à faisceau tubulaire comportant des modules/éléments intégrés constitués de surfaces déflectrices et de barrettes de guidage
EP3822569B1 (fr)	2023-06-07	Echangeur de chaleur
DE102014013019B3 (de)	2015-07-23	Vorrichtung zur pulsations- und oszillationsfreien Totalverdampfung von Medien; Handgerät zum Bedampfen von Oberflächen
EP4089357A1 (fr)	2022-11-16	Echangeur de chaleur
DE19852894B4 (de)	2007-02-15	Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Phthalsäureanhydrid durch katalytische Gasphasenreaktion und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

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