EP1375803B1 - Door hinge in particular for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The door hinge has a hinge part (1) attached to the automobile door, provided with a hinge pin (3) and a hinge part (2) attached to the door column, provided with a housing (6) receiving the hinge pin. A retaining device (F) within the housing has 2 braking elements (13,14) respectively attached to the hinge pin and the housing, coupled together for preventing rotation of the hinge pin and released to allow its rotation by de-activation of a pressure device (D) via an operating device (B) with a control element attached to the hinge pin cooperating with a control profile (22) provided by a component of the retaining device.

Description

The invention relates to a door hinge, in particular for motor vehicles.

There are door hinges known with which doors of motor vehicles when pivoting the same at least in the fully open position by means of locking devices so they do not accidentally strike again or theirs Change opening angle. Today, door hinges are preferably used with which When opening or closing doors, allow doors to be fixed in intermediate positions from which they are released with relatively little effort by hand again and weiterverschwenkt can be.

There are also door hinges known that allow a door in any desired Position between the closing and maximum opening position of the door and from this position by overcoming the mechanical holding force of the door hinge again to solve and to pivot in the desired direction. A door hinge of this kind is from WO 00/42280, in which a door hinge part by means of a hinge pin is arranged relatively rotatable to a column hinge part and a braking device comprehensive fixing unit holds the door open or close as soon as the pivoting of the door is stopped, and the door releases again as soon as the holding force Hand over by further swinging the door is overcome. This effect of the Door hinge is based on the principle that the braking device of the fixing unit in Dependence on the movement situation - panning or pausing - off and on is turned on. This principle is reliable in the known door hinge mechanical way, but realized with a relatively complex construction.

It is therefore an object to provide a door hinge, in particular for motor vehicles, with which the door is stepless, ie in every position of its maximum opening angle, settle when closing and opening and has a simple structure.

This object is achieved with a door hinge according to claim 1.

It should be noted that the invention does not apply to door hinges for motor vehicles is limited, but an application as a hinge connection for others Purposes such. As flaps, lids and the like, and windows, doors, etc. of buildings of all kinds can be used. In addition, the invention also includes modifications, which are self-evident to the person skilled in the art and therefore not separate here be set out as B. door hinges in which the hinge pin on the pillar hinge part, So on the frame of the vehicle, is attached and the door with the door hinge part is rotatably mounted about the hinge pin. Accordingly, the fixing unit and adjust the operating unit.

The door hinge according to the invention is characterized by a clear constructive structure The components consist of a continuous setting of the door in any position of its maximum Pivoting angle in a reliable manner with a relatively simple structure in particular the fixing unit, the printing unit and the operating unit realize.

In a rest position, the door to which the hinge pin is attached to the Fixed unit held. Stand in this coupling state of the fixing device their braking elements by the action of the pressure unit with each other. If the door is moved out of the rest position by overcoming the holding force of the fixing unit First, the actuator deactivates the printing unit, i.e. that the brake elements separate from each other and the fixing unit so in a disconnected state goes over, so that the hinge pin is released for pivoting the door. As soon as the door stops, because the door has taken the position in which it is now is set, the operating unit activates the printing unit, so that the Fixing unit resumes its coupling state in which the braking elements are engaged with each other and so the hinge pin and the door hinge part are fixed with the door. From this rest position, in the door through the fixing unit is securely held, the door can easily be pivoted again at any time, and indeed out of any intermediate position both toward the closed position of the door as well towards their maximum opening position.

The actuating unit has a control that with the hinge pin is firmly connected and engaged with a formed on the fixing unit so Control profile is that a rotational movement of the hinge pin a relative movement causes the control along the control profile and thereby the brake elements be solved from each other and the printing unit so from the activated position in the deactivated Position is offset while the fixing unit of the coupling state in the Separation state passes. Here is the assignment of the control profile to the fixing unit a question of definition, where within the causal link the actuation unit constructive stops and the fixing unit begins. In any case, the operating unit effective once its firmly connected to the hinge pin control is moved when, namely at the beginning of a pivotal movement of the door of the hinge pin begins to rotate with the control. By the movement of the control Along the control profile, the fixing unit goes from the coupling state to the disconnected state over because the pressure unit is deactivated, thus releasing the brake elements from each other become. Once the pivotal movement of the door decreases, the control returns in a Sliding or rolling movement along the control profile back to the starting position, in which the operating unit activates the printing unit, which in turn is the fixing unit offset from the disconnected state in the coupling state, so that the brake elements again engaged with each other and the hinge pin and thus the Door hinge part and the door itself are fixed again.

A very simple solution for the design of the control and the hereby cooperating Control profile results when the control is a pen that is extends transversely through the hinge pin and from the at least one of the end portions laterally out of the hinge pin and in engagement with the control profile, which is preferably formed on the first brake element of the locking unit, the axially displaceable and rotatable relative to the second fixed brake element is. This constructive solution is characterized by a particularly simple production and by special reliability, because by the hinge pin directly fastened pin and its laterally protruding from the hinge pin end portions a secure engagement with the control profile under the effect of the pressure unit results.

The control profile as a link between the fixing unit and the operating unit is preferably formed in an arcuate manner directly on the first brake element, that the coupling state of the fixing unit is achieved when the pin in the middle of the sheet stands, with both brake elements engaged with each other, and the disconnected state the fixing unit is brought about when the respective protruding end portion of the pen is moved from the bow center on one of the two sides of the sheet and so the first brake element axially displaced and released from the second brake element becomes. The arc shape of the control profile refers in particular to the bow center, with the pin in cross-section preferably circular designed as a control in Intervention is when the fixing unit assumes the coupling state, and on the rounded ends of the two sides of the sheet on both sides of the bow center. Because the end of the sheet side toward which the pen is moved, the pen is in Disconnected state of the fixing unit, namely, when the pin as a control element of the operating unit the brake elements detached from each other and thus deactivated the printing unit Has. The sheet sides can, starting from a rounded Bogenmitte, up to their rounded ends - based on the position of use of the door hinge - straight sloping or inclined.

According to a development of the invention, the control profile is on - based on the position of use of the door hinge - upper portion of a radial opening in one Upper part of the first brake element formed at the level of the control element or of the pin, which extends transversely through the hinge pin. Instead of a pen can be as Control also a cam attached to the hinge pin or a cam roller use that engages the control profile. Likewise, the tax profile can a slider acting on the printing unit, connected to the first brake element is connected, be formed. However, since a particularly simple construction results, if the control profile does not require a separate component, the control profile on upper section or at the top - based on the position of use of the door hinge - A radial opening in an upper part of the first brake element, the art an extension of the first brake element may be formed produced. To this The result is an immediate action of the control as directly on the Hinge pin attached pin as part of the actuator to the first brake element as part of the fixing unit.

Preferably, the pin is on both sides of the hinge pin with an end portion before to be transferred from the operating unit to the printing unit Distribute forces as evenly as possible. This results in an immediate intervention the two end portions with corresponding in the upper part radially opposite one another Openings and the control profiles formed there.

The proportions of the control and the control profile depend essentially from the forces to be transmitted by the pressure unit and the required path, which is required to separate the two brake elements. Only as an example to that extent stated that the width of the openings about 1.5 to 3 times the diameter corresponds to the pin and in the case of the choice of an arcuate control profile appropriate Variable height of the openings is such that the pin is free along the length of the arc of the control profile can slide. In the formation of the lower section of the radial opening, so the control profile is opposite, is essentially only on it to make sure that jamming of the pin in any possible position of the same is avoid.

According to a development of the invention is expedient that the printing unit and the fixing unit - in the housing - based on the position of use of the door hinge - Are arranged one above the other, so that the printing unit directly on the fixing unit acts.

Preferably, the hinge pin extends in a coaxial position through the printing unit and the fixing unit, so that the hinge pin at the same time as a centering element for the Assignment of the two units is used.

According to a development of the invention, it is preferred that the fixing unit based on the position of use of the door hinge - located in the lower part of the housing, where formed the second brake element fixed to the housing and the first brake element with the Hinge pin is connected, which acts on the pressure unit. Through this and through The aforementioned measure results in a particularly compact design of the door hinge.

For the interaction between the actuator unit and the fixing unit is appropriate that the first brake element relative to the hinge pin axially and radially is displaceable or movable to the extent that it is the relative movement between the Specifies control and the control profile.

Since the printing unit essentially undergoes only short, resilient axial movements, but preferably also the immediately adjacent fixing unit Rotational movements subject, is appropriate between the printing unit and the fixing unit a bearing, e.g. a ball bearing or a sliding bearing or the like arranged. Even a thrust washer would be enough.

The braking elements of the fixing unit are preferable for enhancing the braking force equipped with conical braking surfaces.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that the printing unit as Spring, z. B. is designed as a leaf or plate spring package, which is biased supported between the fixing unit and a lid or termination of the housing.

Further, it is preferably provided that the hinge pin coaxially through the cylindrical housing extends, in the lower portion - based on the position of use the door hinge - the housing is rotatably mounted and axially supported, while a second radial bearing for the hinge pin at the of the lower portion located remote upper end or cover of the housing. In this way All functions of the door hinge according to the invention are compact and space-saving accommodated in the housing, in which also the hinge pin in a simple Store way radially and axially.

The housing is on - based on the position of use of the door hinge - upper end open, so that the assembly of the internal components can be easily made. The upper end of the housing in this case preferably consists of a nut or from a screwed into the housing insert, in which the radial bearing for the hinge pin is located.

A very significant development of the invention is that the first with the Hinge pin connected brake element and the second housing-mounted brake element each having a conical braking surface, but spaced from each other are and between these two brake elements a loose one-piece or multi-part annular Brake segment with correspondingly conical braking surfaces to reinforce the Braking effect is interposed. In this case, there is the annular brake segment suitably from annularly arranged in the housing brake shells, which are easy adapt and install in a simple manner. By inserting the annular Brake segment will be the total braking surface available for the fixing unit stands, significantly enlarged.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Türscharniers als Längsschnittdarstellung;

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittsansicht einer Betätigungseinheit des Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 1 im Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie II-II von Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht von Einzelheiten der Betätigungseinheit von Fig. 1 und 2 sowie von einer Festsetzeinheit von Fig. 1, wobei die Festsetzeinheit links in der Darstellung von Fig. 3 im Kopplungszustand und rechts davon im Trennzustand dargestellt ist;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Gesamtansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Türscharniers;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht des Türscharniers von Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht des Türscharniers von Fig. 4 und 5;

Fig. 7

eine Längsschnittdarstellung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 4-6 im Schnitt entlang der Linie VII-VII von Fig. 6;

Fig. 8

eine Schnittansicht einer Einzelheit von Fig. 7 zur Verdeutlichung der dort verwendeten Betätigungseinheit mit Teilen einer Druckeinheit sowie der dort verwendeten Festsetzeinheit.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a view of a first embodiment of a door hinge as a longitudinal sectional view;

Fig. 2

a cross-sectional view of an actuating unit of the embodiment of Figure 1 in section along the section line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

a schematic side view of details of the actuator of Figures 1 and 2 and of a fixing unit of Figure 1, wherein the fixing unit is shown on the left in the illustration of Figure 3 in the coupling state and to the right thereof in the disconnected state.

Fig. 4

an overall perspective view of a second embodiment of the door hinge;

Fig. 5

a side view of the door hinge of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

a plan view of the door hinge of Figures 4 and 5;

Fig. 7

a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment of Figure 4-6 in section along the line VII-VII of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8

a sectional view of a detail of Fig. 7 to illustrate the operating unit used there with parts of a printing unit and the fixing unit used there.

The illustrated in Fig. 1 first embodiment of a particular for motor vehicles Door hinge has a to be fastened to the motor vehicle door, not shown Door hinge part 1 and one to the also not shown motor vehicle frame fixing pillar hinge part 2, which by means of a hinge pin 3 rotatable connected to each other. The hinge pin 3 is shown in the apparent from the drawing Way releasably secured with its upper portion to the door hinge part 1. Therefor engages the upper end of the hinge pin 3 in a bore 1 a of the door hinge part and is tightened there by means of a screw 4, with its threaded portion in a Tapped hole 5 at the end of the hinge pin 3 engages.

The hinge pin 3 extends in a coaxial position through a housing 6, which on the Pillar hinge part 2 is attached. For clarity, reference is made to Figs. 4-6, where of a second embodiment, several views can be seen in which a similar cylindrical housing is used, which is attached to the pillar hinge part 2 is.

The housing 6 has an upper opening 7, which has a thread for receiving a nut 8 with which the housing 6 is closed at the top. In centric position of Nut 8 is a radial bearing 9 for the section of the hinge pin 3 located there intended. At the lower end, the housing 6 has a central bore 10, which in a paragraph 12 passes on which in conjunction with the bore 10 an axial and Radial bearing 11 for the lower end of the hinge pin 3 in the apparent from the drawing Way is formed.

In the lower part of the housing 6 is a fixing unit F, which is substantially from a first by a bearing surface 15 centric and rotatable on the hinge pin 3 mounted and conically formed in the lower part brake element 13 and a second brake element 14, which serves as a conical seat for the brake element 13 in the lower Part of the housing 6 is formed, as shown in the drawing.

At the conical lower part of the first brake element 13 is a substantially closes cylindrical upper part 18, above which a ball bearing 17 and a substantially a plate spring package 16 existing pressure unit D is arranged.

In the coupling state of the fixing unit F is of the printing unit D via the ball bearing 17 exerted axial pressure on the fixing unit F, so that the brake elements 13 and 14 engage each other. Under the action of one described below Actuator B can set the fixing unit F in a disconnected state, in the first brake element 13 is released from the second brake element 14 and with the Ball bearing 17 is moved against the axial force of the pressure unit D upwards.

As shown in Fig. 1, a pin 19 serving as a control of the operating unit B is transverse attached to the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin 3 in this, with right and left respectively End portions 19a of the pin 19 of the hinge pin 3 in the of the drawing protrude in an obvious manner. These extend into opposing and mirror-image identically formed openings 21 in the upper part 18 of the first brake element 13. At the top of each opening 21 extends a substantially arcuate designed control profile 22, with which the pin 19 as a control under the action the axial force exerted by the printing unit D is constantly engaged. As especially Fig. 3 reveals, the control profile 22 in each opening 21 a bow center 23 and on both sides sloping sheet sides 24.

When the door of the motor vehicle and thus the door hinge part 1 on the hinge pin 3 and the fixing unit F on the pillar hinge part 2 and thus relative to the Motor vehicle frame is fixed, is the fixing unit F in the in Figures 1 and 2 and on the left in Fig. 3 illustrated coupling state in which the two brake elements 13, 14 are held by the action of the pressure unit D in engagement. The end sections 19 a of the pin 19 are respectively at the bow center 23 of the control profile 22. As soon as the Door of the motor vehicle and thus the door hinge part 1 moves, namely, is pivoted, is taken in the onset of rotation of the hinge pin 3 of the pin 19, so that the end portions 19 a position at the bow center 23 of the control profile 23rd leave and slide along the sheet side 24, the direction of rotation of the hinge pin 3, wherein according to FIG. 3 one of the arc center 23 directed to the right Movement of the end portions 19 a of the pin 19 is assumed. This movement corresponds in Fig. 2 a rotational movement of the pin 19 in a clockwise direction, so that the pin 19 and its end portions 19a at the end of their relative movement relative to the first Brake element 13 are in the position shown in Figure 2 with dash-dotted lines, which corresponds to the right representation of Fig. 3, where compared to the left representation of End portion 19a of the pin 19 - relative to the first brake element 13 - to the right wandered. In this way, by the operation unit B, the fixing unit F of Coupling state (left in Fig. 3) in the separation state (right in Fig. 3) passed, so that the hinge pin 3 with entrainment of the first brake element 13 at further pivoting the door can continue to turn freely.

Once the pivotal movement of the door and thus the rotational movement of the hinge pin 3 stops, the first brake member 13 rotates relative to the hinge pin 3 and the Pen 19 so far back that the end portions 19 a back to their position on the Arc center 13 of the control profile 23 occupy. This restoration of the coupling state the fixing unit F is based on the action of the printing unit D, whose axial Force on the arcuate control profile 22 exerts a corresponding rotational component, by the end portions 19 a of the pin 19, the center of the arc 23 of the control profile 22nd to reach.

The axial movement of the first brake element 13 of the fixing unit F is at a Comparison of the left and the right view of Fig. 3 clearly where the from the coupling state until the separation state of the fixing unit F or of the first brake element 13 axial distance is marked H.

The second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4-8 has the same principle in principle Construction as the first embodiment. Not significant differences between The two embodiments are therefore not described separately, but can be found in the drawings. The same applies to the principle matching structure, which also by the use of the same reference numerals is clarified. The description therefore focuses on the following significant difference of the second compared to the first embodiment.

Between the first movable brake element 13 and the second with the housing 6th firmly connected brake element 14 is in this embodiment for reinforcement the braking force of the fixing unit F a multi-part annular brake segment 25th interposed, the radially divided several times, namely a plurality of annular in the Housing 6 arranged brake shells 26 is composed. Form and arrangement of Brake shells 26 results in particular from Fig. 7. Thereafter, the upper cone surfaces 27 of the brake cups with the corresponding cone or braking surfaces of the first Bremselementes 13 in engagement (coupling state), while the lower conical surfaces 27th the brake cups 26 with the corresponding cone or braking surface of the second Brake element 14 cooperate. By insertion of the brake segment 25 is the total available for the fixing unit available braking surface on which the printing unit D comes to effect, significantly enlarged.

In both embodiments - but also for all other embodiments of this Further development of the invention - can be of the plate spring package 16 or each other spring used there outgoing and exerted on the first brake element 13 Force vary by turning the nut 8 deeper into the opening 7 of the housing 6 or further out of the opening 7. For the radial bearing of the hinge pin 3, it does not matter if it is the radial bearing 9, the central Position of the nut 8 is formed slightly higher or slightly deeper. In any Fall becomes possible thus influencing the size of the torque, which on the Actuator B when turning the first brake element 13 is exercised. simultaneously thus the braking force of the locking unit F is influenced.

Not shown is a bearing or thrust washer, which is appropriate between the Upper part 18 of the brake element 13 and the disc spring assembly 16 of the printing unit D. is inserted in order to minimize the friction occurring during pivoting of the door to keep. Function and effect of the door hinge correspond to the rest of the first Embodiment, so that apart from a repetition of the description becomes.

Both illustrated and described examples allow stepless braking and setting the door of a motor vehicle or the like in any desired Position of the maximum opening angle of the door, and it requires no more effort as with conventional door stops to the door from the respective intermediate position again to pivot in the direction you want.

Claims (16)

1. Door hinge, in particular for motor vehicles comprising

   a door hinge member (1),

   a hinge member (2) associated with the door jamb,

   an immobilising unit (F) in a housing (6), including a first brake element (13), connected to the hinge pin (3), and a second brake element (14), rigidly connected to the housing (6), the brake elements (13, 14) being in an engaged relationship with one another when in a coupled state of the immobilising unit (F) and being released from one another in a released state of the immobilising unit (F),

   a compression unit (D) in the housing (6), which in its activated position maintains the immobilising unit (F) in the coupled state and in its deactivated position brings about the released state of the immobilising unit (F), and

   an operating unit,

   characterised in that

   the hinge pin (3) is fitted to the door hinge member (1)

   the housing (6) wherein the hinge pin (3) is pivotally mounted, is fitted to the hinge member (2), associated with the door jamb,

   the brake elements (13, 14) fix the hinge pin (3) and the door hinge member in the coupled state of the immobilising unit (F) and are released in the released state of the immobilising unit (F), permitting the hinge pin (3) to be turned in the process with the door hinge member (1) in the housing and

   the operating unit (B), coupling the hinge pin (3) to the immobilising unit (F), comprises a pin (19) designed as a control element, extending transversely through the hinge pin (3) and from which at least one of the end sections (19a) projects laterally from the hinge pin (3) and comes into engagement with a control profile (22) provided on the immobilising unit (F) in such manner that a rotary movement of the hinge pin (3) causes a relative movement of the pin (19) along the control profile (22), as a result of which the brake elements (13, 14) are released from one another and the compression unit (D) is thus moved from the activated position into the deactivated position, while the immobilising unit (F) passes from the coupled state into the released state, in which case the control profile (22) is provided on the first brake element (13) of the immobilising unit (F) and is axially displaceable and rotatable in relation to the second stationary brake element (14) and stopping of the rotary movement of the hinge pin (3) brings about the coupled state of the immobilising unit (F) by activating the compression unit (D).
2. Door hinge according to claim 1, characterised in that the control profile (22) on the first brake element (13) is designed arc-like in such a manner that the coupled state of the immobilising unit (F) is attained if the pin (19) is situated in the centre (23) of the arc, in which case both brake elements (13, 14) are engaged with one another, and the released state of the immobilising unit (F) is brought about if the respectively projecting end section (19a) of the pin (19) is moved from the centre (23) of the arc along one of the two sides (24) of the arc, thus axially displacing the first brake element (13) and releasing it from the second brake element (14).
3. Door hinge according to either claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the control profile (22) - with regard to the position of use of the door hinge - is formed on the upper section of a radial aperture (21) in an upper portion (18) of the first brake element (13) of the control element and of the pin (19), which extends transversely through the hinge pin (3).
4. Door hinge according to claim 3, characterised in that the pin (19) projects on both sides of the hinge pin (3) by an end section (19a) for engagement in corresponding apertures (21) radially opposite from one another in the upper section (18) and control profiles (22) formed there.
5. Door hinge according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the width of the apertures (21) corresponds to approximately 1,5 to 3 times the diameter of the pin (19) and the correspondingly variable height of the apertures (21) is so dimensioned in the event of an arcuate configuration of the control profile (22) that the pin (19) can glide freely along the length of the arc of the control profile (22).
6. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compression unit (D) and the immobilising unit (F) are so placed one above the other in the housing (6) - with regard to the position of use of the door hinge - that the compression unit (D) acts directly on the immobilising unit (F).
7. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hinge pin (3), in a coaxial position, passes through the compression unit (D) and the immobilising unit (F).
8. Door hinge according to claim 6 and 7, characterised in that the immobilising unit (F) - with regard to the position of use of the door hinge - is situated in the lower part of the housing (6), where the second brake element (14) is provided immovably and the first brake element (13) is connected to the hinge pin (3), onto which the compression unit (D) acts.
9. Door hinge according to claim 8, characterised in that the first brake element (13), relative to the hinge pin (3), is displaceable or moveable axially and radially to the extent required by the relative movement between the pin (19) and the control profile (22).
10. Door hinge according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that a bearing, e.g. a ball bearing (17) or a slide bearing or the like is provided between the compression unit (D) and the immobilising unit (F).
11. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the brake elements (13, 14) of the immobilising unit (F) comprise conical braking surfaces.
12. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compression unit (D) is designed as a spring, e.g. a leaf or disk spring stack (16), pre-stressed between the immobilising unit (F) and a cover (8) of the housing (6).
13. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hinge pin (3), extending coaxially through the cylindrical housing (6), - with regard to the position of use of the door hinge - is pivotally mounted and axially supported in the lower section of the housing (6), while a second radial bearing (9) for the hinge pin (3) is situated on the upper closure or cover (8) of the housing (6) remote from the lower section.
14. Door hinge according to claim 13, characterised in that the upper closure of the housing (6) consists of a nut (8) or an insert adapted to be screwed into the housing (6), in which insert the radial bearing (9) for the hinge pin (3) is accommodated.
15. Door hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first brake element (13) connected to the hinge pin (3) and the second, stationary brake element (14) each comprise a conical braking surface, but are positioned in spaced apart relationship from one another and that between these two brake elements (13, 14) a loose one-part or multi-part annular braking segment (25) with correspondingly conical braking surfaces is interposed for an intensified braking action.
16. Door hinge according to claim 15, characterised in that the annular braking segment (25) consists of brake linings (26), arranged annularly in the housing (6).

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