EP1222653B1 - Underwater broadband acoustic transducer - Google Patents
Underwater broadband acoustic transducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1222653B1 EP1222653B1 EP00967997A EP00967997A EP1222653B1 EP 1222653 B1 EP1222653 B1 EP 1222653B1 EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 1222653 B1 EP1222653 B1 EP 1222653B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- cap
- transducer
- transducer according
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
- G10K9/20—Sounding members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to acoustic transducers broadband submarines which are basically used as acoustic signal transmitters in the active sonar of buildings in area. However, these transducers can also be used as receivers, as well as in submarine sonar.
- transmitter transducers are type says “tonpilz”. These transducers use a transmitter horn which is excited by a ceramic pillar which rests on a counter mass.
- the invention proposes a wideband underwater acoustic transducer, comprising at least a piezoelectric plate operating in flexion, mainly characterized in that it further comprises a cylindrical cover closed at one end by a base plate and open at the other end to form a first cavity; the piezoelectric plate being fixed on the outside face of the plate base and the first hood cavity being open freely towards the middle outside in which the hood is immersed.
- the cross section of the cover is circular.
- the cross section of the cover is elliptical.
- the first cavity is filled at least partially by an adaptation material whose characteristics are different from those of the external environment in which the transducer is immersed.
- it further comprises a body comprising a second interior cavity closed by the cover so as to be isolated from the outside environment with the piezoelectric blade enclosed in the second interior cavity and the first cavity being turned outward.
- it comprises two sets cover / piezoelectric blade fixed head to tail.
- the cover forms the front face of a transducer of known type "tonpilz".
- the device according to the invention shown in longitudinal section in Figure 1 presents a structure which we can easily see that it is in complete break with the technology currently used, which is based on the "tonpilz" structure mentioned above.
- This device comprises as active element a plate of ceramic 101, which is preferably unique and which includes classic a pair of electrodes 102 and 103 each fixed on one of main faces of this plate. Preferably these electrodes are consisting of silvering by deposit. These electrodes are connected by wire 104 to an amplifier which delivers an excitation signal at the frequency desired. Given the structure of the device, it would be entirely possible to limit these supply wires to a single wire connected to the electrode 103 which is isolated. The other electrode, which is connected to the ground of the device, would then powered through this mass.
- the electrode 102 is fixed on the flat underside of a part 105 in the shape of a cylinder closed at its base and open at its end higher. We will call this part "hood”.
- the vibrations of the ceramic plate 101 are transmitted to the hood, the structure of which vibrates according to two modes of resonance key.
- the critical couplings of these two modes of resonance then make it possible to obtain a large bandwidth, corresponding to about 60% of the center frequency.
- the first mode of resonance is the natural mode of bending of the underside of the cover under the action of ceramic working in mode 3.1.
- the second mode comes from the action of the fluid filling the cavity inner 106 formed by the cover which is directly immersed in the middle outside, sea water in general. Indeed in this cavity the speed of sound waves is lower than in free space because the walls of the hood are not infinitely rigid. We then obtain a resonance mode corresponding to a ⁇ / 4 blade. The more the rigidity of the walls increases, the more the high frequency increases. The higher the height of the walls, the more low frequency decreases.
- the invention also provides that the lower wall 107 of the cover has a central excess thickness such that the cross section of this blade corresponds to the shape of a beam of equal resistance.
- the constraints applied by the pressure of the external fluid on the ceramic blade 101 via from the bottom 107 of the hood are uniformly distributed over this blade, which prevents it from bending under the action of this pressure and therefore eliminates the risk of the ceramic blade breaking under the effect of pressure.
- This shape increases the radiation area by a factor of 2 in the fluid. All in all, the ceramic is held better, better mechanical and acoustic performance and a lower threshold cavitation compared to a standard bending transducer.
- the transducer is completed by a body, or "tape", 107 which has the shape of a cylinder concentric with the cover 105 and which has at its upper part a cavity 108 into which the cover is inserted.
- This cover is fixed by its lateral face external to the body by welding, for example at the upper end of this body.
- This attachment 109 is oversized at the interior of the cavity 108 so as to provide a free space 110 between the internal wall of the cavity 108 and the external wall of the cover 105, to avoid disturb the vibrational regime.
- the power cables 104 come out of the body by an axial channel 111 which opens on one side into the cavity 108 and on the other hand to the lower surface of the body.
- This axial channel is blocked by means not shown, a screw cap for example, which allow both the connection of the wires 104 and the closure sealing the cavity 108/111. In this way, this cavity remains filled of air without the external water entering it, which allows the blade to ceramic 101 to vibrate and also short circuit the electrodes 101.
- FIG. 2 is shown.
- an emission sensitivity curve for such a transducer whose cover 105 has an outside diameter of 115 millimeters with a thickness side walls of 4 millimeters, and a total height of 46 millimeters with a central thickness of the underside of the cover equal to 14 millimeters.
- this curve the widening of the band frequency.
- this frequency band is shifted towards the bass frequencies for a dimensioning which would correspond for a classic "tonpilz" type transducer at an emission frequency significantly higher.
- the invention also proposes to carry out the cover 105 in the form of a cylinder with an elliptical cross section instead of circular. This then gives two distinct resonances at the level of the cavity 106, in addition to the resonance of the ceramic plate 101. From this way the bandwidth is further increased.
- cover 105 / blade assembly ceramic 101 by itself, without adding the body 107, but while ensuring insulation of the electrodes 102 and 103 by an appropriate coating, a waterproof paint layer for example.
- This transducer which is then type known without the Anglo-Saxon expression "free flooded”, can be used without any immersion limit but with a lower yield, however due to the action of water on the back of the ceramic.
- height of the cavity will advantageously be chosen to be equal to the half the central wavelength of the transducer, in order to obtain a good adaptation by rephasing between the waves emitted at the front and those which in this case are emitted at the rear.
- the invention also proposes, as a variant, to fill the cavity cover 105, possibly over a height which is not equal to that of the cover, with an adaptation material whose characteristics acoustics, especially the speed of sound propagation, are different of those of water. This allows to modify the response curve, by example to make it flatter or to widen it even more.
- FIG. 3 Another variant, represented in FIG. 3, consists in using two hood / ceramic assemblies, one 105/101 and the other 205/201, fixed head to tail on a cover 117 having the shape of a cylinder open from both sides.
- the connection wires 114 to the two ceramic blades then exit by a connector 211 fixed to the side wall of the body 117.
- Such a arrangement makes it possible to obtain a transducer having a radiation of dipolar type, characterized by significant rejection along its axis longitudinal.
- an extension of the invention consists in fitting out the pavilion emission of a known transducer of the "tonpilz” type, so that it takes the form of the cover 105.
- this advantage comes at the cost of increased footprint and return known problems of tightness of the "tonpilz” system since it is then necessary to maintain the freedom of movement of the flag of the "tonpilz" by relation to the body of it.
- the invention allows, compared to the technology used currently, to simultaneously obtain a widening of the band frequency transmitted, an offset of this band towards low frequencies without modifying the size of the device, an improvement in sealing the front panel, and reducing the cost of the device by decrease in the number of parts used to make it.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
La présente invention se rapporte aux transducteurs acoustiques sous-marins à large bande qui sont essentiellement utilisés comme émetteurs de signaux acoustiques dans les sonars actifs des bâtiments de surface. Toutefois ces transducteurs peuvent également être utilisés comme récepteurs, ainsi que dans les sonars pour sous-marins.The present invention relates to acoustic transducers broadband submarines which are basically used as acoustic signal transmitters in the active sonar of buildings in area. However, these transducers can also be used as receivers, as well as in submarine sonar.
On sait que dans l'évolution des sonars on cherche à diminuer la fréquence de travail, afin entre autres d'augmenter la portée de ces sonars, ainsi que la puissance d'émission. On cherche aussi à avoir des transducteurs qui fonctionnent en large bande pour pouvoir, par un traitement adéquat, s'affranchir des phénomènes de réverbération, ainsi que pour pouvoir utiliser plusieurs sonars dans une même zone géographique, en réalisant ainsi une interopérabilité des systèmes.We know that in the evolution of sonars we try to reduce the working frequency, in particular to increase the range of these sonars, as well as the transmission power. We are also looking to have transducers that operate in broadband to be able, by a adequate treatment, to overcome reverberation phenomena, as well as to be able to use several sonars in the same geographic area, thus achieving system interoperability.
Actuellement les transducteurs émetteurs les plus utilisés sont du type dit "tonpilz". Ces transducteurs utilisent un pavillon émetteur qui est excité par un pilier de céramique qui s'appuie sur une contre masse.Currently the most used transmitter transducers are type says "tonpilz". These transducers use a transmitter horn which is excited by a ceramic pillar which rests on a counter mass.
Ces émetteurs "tonpilz" permettent d'obtenir un bon niveau d'émission et une réjection arrière importante, permettant d'effectuer des formations de voies à faible niveau de secondaires. En outre ils sont utilisables aussi bien en émission qu'en réception.These "tonpilz" transmitters provide a good level emission and a large rear rejection, allowing to perform low secondary level track formations. Furthermore they are usable both in transmission and in reception.
Par contre ils présentent le désavantage d'avoir une largeur de bande relativement faible, correspondant typiquement à un coefficient de surtension Q ≅ 3,5. Par ailleurs la jonction transducteur/boítier est relativement fragile ce qui entraíne un risque d'entrée d'eau à ce niveau. Enfin les fréquences pouvant être émises étant strictement reliées aux dimensions du pavillon, on ne peut descendre en fréquence qu'en augmentant ces dimensions, ce qui devient rapidement prohibitif.However, they have the disadvantage of having a width of relatively small band, typically corresponding to a coefficient of overvoltage Q ≅ 3.5. In addition, the transducer / housing junction is relatively fragile which causes a risk of water entry at this level. Finally, the frequencies that can be transmitted are strictly linked to dimensions of the pavilion, you can only descend in frequency by increasing these dimensions, which quickly becomes prohibitive.
Pour pallier ces inconvénients, l'invention propose un transducteur acoustique sous-marin à large bande, comprenant au moins une lame piézoélectrique fonctionnant en flexion, principalement caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un capot cylindrique fermé à une extrémité par une plaque de base et ouvert à l'autre extrémité pour former une première cavité ; la lame piézoélectrique étant fixée sur la face extérieure de la plaque de base et la première cavité du capot étant ouverte librement vers le milieu extérieur dans lequel le capot est plongé. To overcome these drawbacks, the invention proposes a wideband underwater acoustic transducer, comprising at least a piezoelectric plate operating in flexion, mainly characterized in that it further comprises a cylindrical cover closed at one end by a base plate and open at the other end to form a first cavity; the piezoelectric plate being fixed on the outside face of the plate base and the first hood cavity being open freely towards the middle outside in which the hood is immersed.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la section droite du capot est circulaire.According to another characteristic, the cross section of the cover is circular.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la section droite du capot est elliptique.According to another characteristic, the cross section of the cover is elliptical.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la première cavité est remplie au moins partiellement par un matériau d'adaptation dont les caractéristiques acoustiques sont différentes de celles du milieu extérieur dans lequel le transducteur est plongé.According to another characteristic, the first cavity is filled at least partially by an adaptation material whose characteristics are different from those of the external environment in which the transducer is immersed.
Selon une autre caractéristique il comprend en outre un corps comportant une deuxième cavité intérieure fermée par le capot de manière à être isolée du milieu extérieur avec la lame piézoélectrique enfermée dans la deuxième cavité intérieure et la première cavité étant toumée vers l'extérieur.According to another characteristic, it further comprises a body comprising a second interior cavity closed by the cover so as to be isolated from the outside environment with the piezoelectric blade enclosed in the second interior cavity and the first cavity being turned outward.
Selon une autre caractéristique, il comprend deux ensembles capot/lame piézoélectrique fixés ensemble tête-bêche.According to another characteristic, it comprises two sets cover / piezoelectric blade fixed head to tail.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le capot forme la face avant d'un transducteur de type connu "tonpilz".According to another characteristic, the cover forms the front face of a transducer of known type "tonpilz".
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaítront clairement dans la description suivante, présentée à titre d'exemple non limitatif en regard des figures annexées qui représentent :
- la figure 1, une vue en coupe d'un transducteur selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2, un diagramme fréquence/amplitude de l'émission d'un tel transducteur ; et
- la figure 3, une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une variante de l'invention, dans laquelle le transducteur est double.
- Figure 1, a sectional view of a transducer according to the invention;
- Figure 2, a frequency / amplitude diagram of the emission of such a transducer; and
- Figure 3, a longitudinal sectional view of a variant of the invention, in which the transducer is double.
Le dispositif selon l'invention représenté en coupe longitudinale sur la figure 1 présente une structure dont on constate aisément qu'elle est en rupture complète avec la technologie utilisée actuellement, qui repose sur la structure "tonpilz" citée plus haut.The device according to the invention shown in longitudinal section in Figure 1 presents a structure which we can easily see that it is in complete break with the technology currently used, which is based on the "tonpilz" structure mentioned above.
Ce dispositif comporte comme élément actif une plaque de
céramique 101, qui est de préférence unique et qui comporte de manière
classique une paire d'électrodes 102 et 103 fixées chacune sur l'une des
faces principales de cette plaque. Préférentiellement ces électrodes sont
constituées d'une argenture par dépôt. Ces électrodes sont reliées par des
fils 104 à un amplificateur qui délivre un signal d'excitation à la fréquence
désirée. Compte tenu de la structure de l'appareil, il serait tout à fait possible
de limiter ces fils d'alimentation à un seul fil relié à l'électrode 103 qui est
isolée. L'autre électrode, qui est reliée à la masse de l'appareil, serait alors
alimentée par l'intermédiaire de cette masse.This device comprises as active element a plate of
ceramic 101, which is preferably unique and which includes
classic a pair of
L'électrode 102 est fixée sur la face inférieure plane d'une pièce
105 en forme de cylindre fermé à sa base et ouvert à son extrémité
supérieure. Nous appellerons cette pièce "capot".The
Les vibrations de la plaque de céramique 101 sont transmises au
capot, dont la structure entre en vibration selon deux modes de résonance
principaux. Les couplages critiques de ces deux modes de résonance
permettent alors d'obtenir une grande largeur de bande, correspondant à
environ 60% de la fréquence centrale.The vibrations of the
Le premier mode de résonance est le mode naturel de flexion de la face inférieure du capot sous l'action de la céramique travaillant en mode 3.1.The first mode of resonance is the natural mode of bending of the underside of the cover under the action of ceramic working in mode 3.1.
Le second mode provient de l'action du fluide remplissant la cavité intérieure 106 formée par le capot qui est directement plongé dans le milieu extérieur, l'eau de mer en général. En effet dans cette cavité la célérité des ondes acoustiques est plus basse que dans l'espace libre, car les parois du capot ne sont pas infiniment rigides. On obtient alors un mode de résonance correspondant à une lame λ/4. Plus la rigidité des parois augmente, plus la fréquence haute augmente. Plus la hauteur des parois augmente, plus la fréquence basse diminue.The second mode comes from the action of the fluid filling the cavity inner 106 formed by the cover which is directly immersed in the middle outside, sea water in general. Indeed in this cavity the speed of sound waves is lower than in free space because the walls of the hood are not infinitely rigid. We then obtain a resonance mode corresponding to a λ / 4 blade. The more the rigidity of the walls increases, the more the high frequency increases. The higher the height of the walls, the more low frequency decreases.
Comme représenté sur la figure, l'invention propose également
que la paroi inférieure 107 du capot présente une surépaisseur centrale telle
que la section droite de cette lame correspond à la forme d'une poutre
d'égale résistance. De cette manière, les contraintes appliquées par la
pression du fluide extérieur sur la lame de céramique 101 par l'intermédiaire
du fond 107 du capot sont uniformément réparties sur cette lame, ce qui
l'empêche de se courber sous l'action de cette pression et donc élimine ainsi
les risques de rupture de la lame de céramique sous l'effet de la pression.As shown in the figure, the invention also provides
that the
Cette forme augmente d'un facteur 2 la surface de rayonnement dans le fluide. Au total on obtient ainsi une meilleure tenue de la céramique, un meilleur rendement mécanoacoustique et une diminution du seuil de cavitation par rapport à un transducteur de flexion standard. This shape increases the radiation area by a factor of 2 in the fluid. All in all, the ceramic is held better, better mechanical and acoustic performance and a lower threshold cavitation compared to a standard bending transducer.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure, le
transducteur est complété par un corps, ou "tape", 107 qui a la forme d'un
cylindre concentrique au capot 105 et qui présente à sa partie supérieure
une cavité 108 dans laquelle vient s'enfoncer le capot. Ce capot est fixé par
sa face latérale extérieure au corps par soudure par exemple au niveau de
l'extrémité supérieure de ce corps. Cette fixation 109 est en surépaisseur à
l'intérieur de la cavité 108 de manière à ménager un espace libre 110 entre
la paroi interne de la cavité 108 et la paroi externe du capot 105, pour éviter
de perturber le régime vibratoire. Les câbles d'alimentation 104 sortent du
corps par un canal axial 111 qui débouche d'un côté dans la cavité 108 et
d'un autre côté à la surface inférieure du corps. Ce canal axial est bouché
par des moyens non représentés, un bouchon à vis par exemple, qui
permettent à la fois d'assurer la connexion des fils 104 et la fermeture
hermétique de la cavité 108/111. De cette manière, cette cavité reste remplie
d'air sans que l'eau extérieure y pénètre, ce qui permet à la lame de
céramique 101 de vibrer et aussi mettrait en court circuit les électrodes 101.In the embodiment shown in the figure, the
transducer is completed by a body, or "tape", 107 which has the shape of a
cylinder concentric with the
Suivant un exemple de réalisation on a représenté sur la figure 2
une courbe de sensibilité à l'émission pour un tel transducteur dont le capot
105 présente un diamètre extérieur de 115 millimètres avec une épaisseur
des parois latérales de 4 millimètres, et une hauteur totale de 46 millimètres
avec une épaisseur centrale de la face inférieure du capot égale à 14
millimètres. On constate bien sur cette courbe l'élargissement de la bande de
fréquence. En outre cette bande de fréquence est décalée vers les basses
fréquences pour un dimensionnement qui correspondrait pour un
transducteur classique du type "tonpilz" à une fréquence d'émission
nettement plus élevée.According to an exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 is shown.
an emission sensitivity curve for such a transducer whose
A titre de variante, l'invention propose également de réaliser le
capot 105 sous la forme d'un cylindre à section droite elliptique au lieu de
circulaire. Ceci permet d'obtenir alors deux résonances distinctes au niveau
de la cavité 106, en plus de la résonance de la lame de céramique 101. De
cette manière on augmente encore la largeur de bande.As a variant, the invention also proposes to carry out the
II est aussi possible d'utiliser l'ensemble capot 105/lame de
céramique 101 tout seul, sans lui rajouter le corps 107, mais tout en assurant
l'isolation des électrodes 102 et 103 par un revêtement approprié, une
couche de peinture étanche par exemple. Ce transducteur, qui est alors du
type connu sans l'expression anglo-saxonne "free flooded", peut être utilisé
sans aucune limite d'immersion mais avec toutefois un rendement plus faible
dû à l'action de l'eau sur la face arrière de la céramique. Dans ce cas la
hauteur de la cavité sera avantageusement choisie pour être égale à la
moitié de la longueur d'onde centrale de transducteur, afin d'obtenir une
bonne adaptation en effectuant une remise en phase entre les ondes émises
à l'avant et celles qui dans ce cas sont émises à l'arrière.It is also possible to use the
L'invention propose aussi, à titre de variante, de remplir la cavité
du capot 105, éventuellement sur une hauteur qui ne soit pas égale à celle
du capot, avec un matériau d'adaptation dont les caractéristiques
acoustiques, en particulier la vitesse de propagation du son, sont différentes
de celles de l'eau. Ceci permet de modifier la courbe de réponse, par
exemple pour la rendre plus plate ou pour l'élargir encore plus.The invention also proposes, as a variant, to fill the
Une autre variante, représentée sur la figure 3, consiste à utiliser
deux ensembles capot/céramique, l'un 105/101 et l'autre 205/201, fixés tête-bêche
sur un capot 117 présentant la forme d'un cylindre ouvert des deux
côtés. Les fils de connexion 114 aux deux lames de céramique sortent alors
par un connecteur 211 fixé sur la paroi latérale du corps 117. Une telle
disposition permet d'obtenir un transducteur présentant un rayonnement de
type dipolaire, caractérisé par une réjection important selon son axe
longitudinal.Another variant, represented in FIG. 3, consists in using
two hood / ceramic assemblies, one 105/101 and the other 205/201, fixed head to tail
on a
Enfin une extension de l'invention consiste à aménager le pavillon
d'émission d'un transducteur connu de type "tonpilz", de manière à ce qu'il
prenne la forme du capot 105. On obtient ainsi un transducteur "tonpilz" à
large bande qui, par rapport à la réalisation de base de la figure 1, permet
d'obtenir une puissance d'émission plus importante en raison de
l'empilement de céramique caractéristique d'un "tonpilz". Toutefois cet
avantage se fait au prix d'une augmentation de l'encombrement et du retour
des problèmes connus d'étanchéité du système "tonpilz" puisqu'il est alors
nécessaire de maintenir la liberté de débattement du pavillon du "tonpilz" par
rapport au corps de celui-ci.Finally, an extension of the invention consists in fitting out the pavilion
emission of a known transducer of the "tonpilz" type, so that it
takes the form of the
En résumé l'invention permet, par rapport à la technologie utilisée actuellement, d'obtenir simultanément un élargissement de la bande de fréquence émise, un décalage de cette bande vers les basses fréquences sans modification de l'encombrement du dispositif, une amélioration de l'étanchéité de la face avant, et la réduction du coût de l'appareil par diminution du nombre des pièces utilisées pour le fabriquer.In summary the invention allows, compared to the technology used currently, to simultaneously obtain a widening of the band frequency transmitted, an offset of this band towards low frequencies without modifying the size of the device, an improvement in sealing the front panel, and reducing the cost of the device by decrease in the number of parts used to make it.
Claims (7)
- Broadband underwater acoustic transducer, comprising at least one piezoelectric plate (101) operating in flexion, characterized in that it furthermore comprises a cylindrical cap (105) closed at one end by a baseboard (107) and open at the other end so as to form a first cavity (106); the piezoelectric plate (101) being fixed on the outside face of the baseboard and the first cavity (106) of the cap being open freely towards the outside medium in which the cap is immersed.
- Transducer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the cap (105) is circular.
- Transducer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the cap (105) is elliptical.
- Transducer according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first cavity (106) is filled at least partially with a matching material whose acoustic characteristics are different from those of the outside medium in which the transducer is immersed.
- Transducer according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it furthermore comprises a body (107) including a second inside cavity (108) closed by the cap (105) in such a way as to be insulated from the outside medium with the piezoelectric plate (101) enclosed in the second inside cavity (108) and the first cavity (106) pointing outwards.
- Transducer according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises two cap/piezoelectric plate assemblies (105, 101, 205, 201) fixed together head-to-tail.
- Transducer according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cap (105) forms the front face of a transducer of the so-called "tonpilz" type.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9913215 | 1999-10-22 | ||
| FR9913215A FR2800229B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 1999-10-22 | BROADBAND SUBMARINE ACOUSTIC TRANSDUCER |
| PCT/FR2000/002815 WO2001029820A1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-10 | Underwater broadband acoustic transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1222653A1 EP1222653A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
| EP1222653B1 true EP1222653B1 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
Family
ID=9551245
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00967997A Expired - Lifetime EP1222653B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-10 | Underwater broadband acoustic transducer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6617765B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1222653B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60005382T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2800229B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001029820A1 (en) |
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-
1999
- 1999-10-22 FR FR9913215A patent/FR2800229B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-10-10 US US10/110,130 patent/US6617765B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-10 EP EP00967997A patent/EP1222653B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-10 WO PCT/FR2000/002815 patent/WO2001029820A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-10-10 DE DE60005382T patent/DE60005382T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001029820A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
| US6617765B1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
| EP1222653A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
| DE60005382T2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
| FR2800229B1 (en) | 2002-04-05 |
| FR2800229A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 |
| DE60005382D1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
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