EP1217117A1 - Apparatus to lock and unlock a door closure for an electrical appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The electric door lock (2) retainer has a locking and release actuator (12) to lock the door in a locking mode and prevent accidental release, or to release the lock. An emergency release (14) is formed separately to move the lock control into the free position in the event of power loss. The retainer engages the door lock when the latter is moved into the locked position.

Description

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a locking device and unlocking a door lock or lock for electrical devices and in particular electrical household appliances. In particular, the present invention relates a device that allows a door lock or a door lock an electrical device, e.g. a washing machine, a dishwasher or dryer, in Lock normal operation to prevent unwanted unlocking or Prevent opening of the door lock or door lock. Furthermore, the present invention enables the door lock or the door lock to unlock or open automatically, automatically release when the electrical Device is in an abnormal operating state.

Background of the Invention

For safety reasons it is necessary that electrical Devices and in particular in electrical household appliances, such as. Washing machines, dishwashers and tumble dryers, Appliance doors on an operating one Device cannot be opened. That way prevents a user from being in an electrical Device rotating components, such as a washing drum one Washing machine or rotating arms in a dishwasher, injured when trying to operate the device to open. It also prevents that due to a unintentional, even partial opening of an appliance door Water or heated air escapes.

Locking or locking devices are usually used for this used when or after commissioning an electrical Device with the appliance door closed, a door lock or lock a door lock for the appliance door so that while the electrical device is in operation Door cannot be opened. In an operating state of the electrical device in which it is provided that the Device door can be opened, the door lock or the Door lock released for opening. Such an operating condition is generally present when the actual Operation of the electrical device (e.g. washing or drying programs) is finished. Such operating conditions can but also during the actual operation of the electrical Device is present when opening the device door safely can be done.

While the unlocking function of locking or Locking devices are provided in normal operation unlocking a door lock or a door lock normally not by means of such devices more possible if the electrical device deviates from desired operating states in an abnormal operating state located. This is the case, for example, if a failure of the power supply for the electrical device or the electrical device is not connected to an electrical one Energy supply is connected. Locking or Locking devices that prevent unwanted opening of the appliance door of an electrical device in normal operation generally operated using electrical energy. Thus, a failure or lack of electrical leads Power supply to that in normal operation such a device secured or locked device door cannot be opened.

State of the art

From DE 196 01 228 C2 it is known the door of a washing machine Dishwasher in normal operation using a device to lock that a locking block or a door hook and has a locking body. The locking body gives the locking block or the door hook in an open position free for a door opening while in a closed position the locking block or the door hook on a door opening prevents. To the locking body in the open position and Bringing the closed position becomes a bistable element used that by means of a force-generating element in can be biased two positions. Prevented in a first position the bistable element a movement of the locking body from its closed position to its open position. In contrast, the bistable element enables in a second Position a movement of the locking body from it Closed position in its open position. The bistable element thus provides the locking and unlocking function described above ready in normal operation of a washing machine or dishwasher.

The bistable element is held in by two independent magnets its first and second positions moved, being for transitions to overcome a snap point between the positions is that used by one as the force generating element Spring is provided. A locking bolt is also used there, the locking body by means of the bistable element locked in its closed position and released of the locking body from the bistable element except Engagement with the locking body is brought.

To the locking device described there in a as Emergency designated abnormal operating condition of the washing or Dishwasher for a door opening in the open position bring, an emergency release lever is provided. The of a user-operated emergency release lever moves the Locking bolt so that it disengages from the locking body brought. The actuation of the emergency release lever can for example by means of a rope or Bowden cable take place, usually to a side wall or the bottom of the washing machine or dishwasher.

This emergency release also allows the appliance door during normal operation of the washing machine or dishwasher can be opened because a user can independently use a Operation of the emergency release lever by the locking device provided security measures against override any undesired opening of the appliance door can. Another disadvantage is that not in one normal operating status of the washing machine or dishwasher the emergency release is to be carried out manually by a user. This turns out to be complicated in part because it is operated of the emergency release lever used trains on difficult to access Positions are arranged. In addition, it is necessary that the user is informed of how a Emergency unlocking is to be carried out.

The disadvantages of an emergency release performed by a user to eliminate, according to EP 965 677 A1 Locking device used, which means a Thermal element movable locking element and by means of a Includes electromagnet movable release element. In normal Operation of a household appliance in which this locking device is used, the thermocouple is under Energy supply heated so that it is the locking element in a Locked position that moves a locking block or a door hook a device door locked to prevent unwanted opening to prevent. Should be in normal operation of the household appliance an opening of the appliance door will be allowed, the release element by means of the electrically activated electromagnet so that it moves the locking element from the locking position in brings a release position. In the release position no operative connection between the locking element and the Closing block or the door hook. In normal operation it will Locking element by the thermocouple in its locked position held that for a suitable heating and the resulting Position electrical energy is supplied.

There is no electrical energy to operate the household appliance and thus to operate this locking device Available, the thermocouple is also no longer heated.

Accordingly, the thermocouple cools down and goes in its starting position over, whereby the locking element is not is held more in its locked position, but in its Release position passes. In this way, an emergency release provided by a user none Measures to be taken.

The disadvantage here is that the thermocouple is used to bring the locking element into the locking position and in the Hold locked position. Because of the time required, which is needed to heat the thermocouple so that the locking element is brought into the locked position, locked this locking device does not open the appliance door forcibly at the same time as the home appliance is put into operation. Especially with household appliances, where rotating components are used this can be a danger. Because of the delayed A user can lock immediately after a Putting the household appliance into operation Open the door again and be injured by running on rotating components. Furthermore, the thermocouple does not guarantee that the locking element is held securely in its locking position, since this requires the thermocouple during the Normal operation of the household appliance with the supply of energy heat. For example, a failure of the thermocouple or its electrical supply cause the Appliance door released during the operation of the household appliance and can therefore be opened.

Another disadvantage of this locking device is in that the locking function and the release function through separately executed facilities, namely the Locking element and the release element are provided. This is structurally complex and can lead to that Locking element and the release element in an undesirable manner interact, move more precisely against each other. Furthermore the release element must be applied by the thermocouple Forces to hold the locking element in its locking position overcome the locking element in the release position bring to. This leads to a higher energy requirement when releasing the appliance door and can, for example by Signs of wear, damage to the thermocouple to lead.

Object of the invention

The object of the present invention is a device provide a door lock or door lock an electrical device and in particular an electrical one Household appliance securely locked in place during normal operation prevent unwanted opening of an appliance door and ensures that the appliance door automatically unlocks for opening if the device is in an abnormal operating state located.

Brief description of the invention

For this, the present invention provides a device for Locking and unlocking an electric door lock Device ready. The device according to the invention comprises a Locking and releasing unit that locked the locked in a locked state Door lock of the device locks to unlock to prevent the locked door lock. In a release state enables the locking and release unit to unlock the door lock by pulling the (still locked) Door lock releases. Furthermore, the device according to the invention an emergency release unit that is in a non-normal Operating status of the device, e.g. in the event of a power failure, brings the blocking and release unit into the release state. In particular, the emergency release device becomes independent for this, automatically activated so that no action by one Users are to be performed.

The use of a unit to lock and unlock the Door lock enables a compact structure of the invention Device and avoids the wear described above in known devices. The emergency release unit ensures that the door lock when needed, i.e. in general for an abnormal operating state of the device, for Opening or unlocking is released. Because the emergency release unit preferably separate from the blocking and release unit the characteristics can accordingly their functions can be defined separately. For example can be the amount of time required by the emergency release unit the lock and release unit in the release state bring regardless of the technical specifications of the Locking and release unit specified for specific applications become. Likewise, the times and / or ranges for the states of the blocking and release unit and for transitions between these states regardless of the execution of the Emergency release unit can be specified.

In order to bring the locking and release unit into the locked state, an active connection can be used with the door lock, when locking the door lock, for example when closing the appliance door, the locking and release unit moved to the locked state. This is preferred essentially immediately after or simultaneously with the actual locking of the door lock. at This embodiment of the invention can be operated in a controlled manner Components such as electromagnetic or piezostrictive Components that are used to transition the To effect locking and release unit in the locked state. This also ensures that the actual Lock the appliance door, i.e. when locking the door lock, the door lock is locked.

To the locking and release unit depending on one To put the device into commissioning, the blocking and release unit goes into the blocked state, if due to the operation of the device a condition for the Door lock is present in which this is to be locked. In this Electric controlled actuators, e.g. (Miniaturized) electric drives, electromagnets or piezostrictive acting components, are used. This embodiment allows the door lock and thus the appliance door to be able to open for a long time until the device is actually in operation is taken. It is also possible to change the Locking and releasing unit in the locked state in relation delayed commissioning of the device. In this way it is possible to lock the door lock only to be carried out when the appliance door is actually opened is undesirable or actually represents a danger. For example, in the case of a washing machine, the door lock only be locked when the water level in the washing machine has reached a level at which opening the Washer door would cause water to leak. In this way it is possible to add more (forgotten) laundry items fill in the washing machine, although a washing program has already started. Such a refill requires currently usually a termination of the selected washing program, being already put in the washing machine Water must be removed (pumped out). Become frequent for this purpose also emergency unlocking devices which can be operated manually by a user used improperly.

As operating states during operation of the electrical device can occur when opening the appliance door the blocking and take no danger or is desired Release unit the release state in an operating state of the device that unlocks the door lock and thus allows the appliance door to be opened. This transition in the release status can thus also be closed during an Operating cycle take place.

To move the locking and unlocking unit from the locked state into the Electric drives, electromagnets, piezostrictive actuators and the like are used become.

One is preferred for the transition to the release state Actuator used also for a transition from the release state used in the locked state.

The emergency release unit has an idle state and a working state on, with a transition from the working state in the idle state the blocking and release unit in the Release status is brought.

Accordingly, the emergency release unit is in the Working state if during normal operation of the electrical Device the locking and release unit in its locked state located. Here, the emergency release unit in the Work status can be brought up by using a suitable operative connection with the blocking and release unit the emergency release unit from the idle state to the working state brought when the locking and release unit in passes its locked state.

It is also provided that a transition of the emergency release unit from the idle state to the working state, if the locking and unlocking unit is already in the locked state or before the locking and unlocking unit in the locked state is brought.

The emergency release unit is preferably in the normal position Operation of the electrical device in the idle state when the locking and release unit is in the release state. Consequently, it is envisaged that the emergency release unit in response to normal operation of the electrical device on a transition of the blocking and release unit from the Lock state changes to the release state in the idle state. This can be done, for example, by means of an active connection, preferably the above-mentioned operative connection between the Emergency release unit and the lock release unit performed so that the state transitions of the units essentially run synchronously. Alternatively, the transition from Emergency release unit controlled in its idle state or uncontrolled take place with a time delay.

To transition the emergency release unit from the idle state in the working state, this can be an actuator include. To get the emergency release unit back in Bringing the device into idle state is separate from the actuator implemented force-generating element, e.g. a feather, used. The actuator is activated when the electrical device activated so that it is the emergency release unit brings into the working state (moved). Should the emergency release unit in a normal operating condition of the electrical The device goes into idle state, the actuator deactivated and the force-generating element effects the desired Change of state. So with an abnormal operating condition of the electrical device Element for a transition to hibernation take effect can, the actuator is to be arranged and / or a suitable one Actuator type to use that is an abnormal operating condition of the electrical device also a deactivation of the Actuator.

Alternatively, it is provided that the emergency release unit is preferred one or, if necessary, several actuators includes the transition (s) into the working state and into the Hibernation causes. In one embodiment of the invention The device includes the emergency release unit Emergency energy supply device for the actuator making a transition effected in the idle state, or for the force-generating Element. The emergency energy supply device leads to a transition not in the idle state of the emergency release unit normal operating state of the electrical device this actuator or energy to the force-generating element to activate. The emergency power supply can also be used to be in normal operation of the electrical Device to activate the actuator or the force-generating element, it is generally intended that these Energy supply is carried out by means of devices that a normal operation for the energy supply of the electrical Device can be used.

Furthermore, the emergency release unit can be an energy supply device include that during normal operation of the electrical Device causing a transition to the working state Actuator for activating the same energy. Dependent on of how transitions to work and rest states generated, this energy supply device is optional or in addition to the emergency energy supply device his. Furthermore, there is provision for a combined energy supply component to use the functions of the emergency power supply device and provides the energy supply device.

Preferably, the actuator (s) comprise the emergency release unit a thermally sensitive, thermally actuated Element such as a PCT element, elements with bimetallic Components or a wax motor. Here the actuator activated by supplying it with electrical energy to heat the thermally sensitive element. The one change in state or position caused by such heating of the actuator (movement of the actuator) is by means of suitable Active connections with corresponding, not specified here movable components of the emergency release unit for Transitions to work and / or hibernation are used. In particular, the use of a wax motor offers due to its high coefficient of thermal expansion on.

Alternatively or additionally, the actuator (s) can be an electric motor, an electromagnetic actuator or comprise at least one magnet.

To the necessary for a transition to hibernation Providing energy without external energy supply can Emergency energy supply device a capacitor, an accumulator, comprise a solar cell or combinations thereof. Here, it is preferable that the emergency power supply device during normal operation of the electrical device Energy absorbs or stores it in a non-normal way Provide operating status.

As stated at the beginning, operating states for the electrical Device are present that are of normal operating conditions deviate and additionally require that unlocking of the door lock and opening of the appliance door is prevented becomes. An example of this is a washing machine, at which is interrupted due to a power failure and the water level in the washing drum is so high that water would escape when the appliance door was opened. In In this case, the door lock should be released by the Emergency release unit can be prevented. For this purpose, the invention includes Device a release device for the Emergency release unit, which depends on parameters that an abnormal operating state of the electrical device characterize a transition of the emergency release unit into whose idle state enables. The parameters for controlling the If an electrical power supply, for example the emergency energy supply device and / or the energy supply device of the emergency release unit, is available, by electrical means or by means of a mechanical arrangement (e.g. float for water level detection) to be provided.

Brief description of the figures

Fig. 1a-1d

eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 2a-2d

eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2a-2d verwendeten Kulissenführung,

Fig. 4a-4f

eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, und

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 4a-4f verwendeten Kulissenführung.

In the following description of preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying figures, in which:

Figures 1a-1d

one embodiment of the device according to the invention,

2a-2d

another embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 3

2 shows a schematic illustration of a link guide used in the embodiment of FIGS. 2a-2d,

4a-4f

a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, and

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a link guide used in the embodiment of Fig. 4a-4f.

Description of preferred embodiments

1a to 1d show a known door lock 2 with a an axis 4 rotatable gripping device 6 formed therein has a trap 8. The trap 8 works with one Locking block 10 together so that movement of the locking block 10 when closing an appliance door, not shown Gripping device 6 rotates so that the door lock 2 locks becomes. A corresponding movement turns when the appliance door is opened of the locking block 10, the gripping device 6 in a Comparison to closing opposite direction of rotation, whereby the door lock 2 is unlocked.

Furthermore, FIGS. 1a to 1d show components 14 to 34 one Locking and releasing unit 12 and components 36 to 52 one Emergency release unit 14 for one embodiment of a device to lock and unlock the door lock 2. The components the blocking and release and emergency release units 12 and 14 will be explained with reference to Fig. 1a. For the Description of the operation of this embodiment will be made on 1a to 1d referenced.

The locking and release unit 12 has an electromagnetic Actuator 16 and a magnetic plunger movable by this 18 on. 1a to 1d, the magnetic plunger is 18th movable left and right. The magnetic plunger 18 engages one end of a lever 22 rotatable about an axis 20. The Lever 22 is a bistable element formed by a spring 24 are biased in two positions described below can. Furthermore, the spring 24 is arranged here so that Transitions of the lever 22 between its positions required Forces at least partially provided by the spring 24 become. This is achieved by moving potential of the lever 22 stored in the spring 24 Energy after overcoming a snap point in kinetic Energy is converted to forces in the original direction of movement to provide the lever 22.

The design of the lever 22 as a bistable element is reduced that required for the electromagnetic actuator 16 Energy since the electromagnetic actuator 16 does not need to hold the lever 22 in one of the positions. the opposite the lever 22 can also be a conventional lever, if the electromagnetic actuator 16 and / or the magnetic plunger 18 and / or other devices not shown, that the lever assumes and maintains 22 positions, the, as described below, for the operation of the Locking and releasing unit 12 are required.

One that is operatively connected to the magnetic plunger 18 End opposite end of the lever 22 is by means of a articulated connection 26 with an end 28 of a locking and Release element 30 connected. That executed here as a slide Locking and releasing element 30 points in the area of the door lock 2 a blocking area 32. One opposite the end 28 End 34 is used to operate the locking and Release element 30 by the emergency release unit 14 to how explained below, the locking and release unit 12 at an abnormal operating state of an electrical device, whose appliance door locks and unlocks with the door lock 2 can be, the door lock 2 for unlocking release.

The emergency release unit 14 comprises a rotatable around an axis 36 Lever 38, which has an end 40 at an abnormal Operation of the electrical device through an active connection with the end 34 can operate the locking and release unit 12. An end 42 opposite the end 40 has a nose 44 on, which serves to fasten one end of a tension spring 46. The other end of the tension spring 46 is on a mounting flange 48 attached to a housing according to FIGS. 1a to 1d (not designated) a thermally sensitive, thermally activatable actuator 50 is attached. Instead of the mounting flange 48 can also be another fastener can be used, for example on a frame for individual, several or all of the components shown in FIGS. 1a to 1d is appropriate.

The actuator 50 here comprises a wax motor which due to used its high coefficient of thermal expansion becomes. The actuator 50 can be supplied by electrical or thermal energy are heated, whereby the wax expands, around a slidable member 52 connected thereto to move. Depending on an activation of the Actuator 50 caused position of the slidable member 52 an operative connection can be established with the lever 38, the "emergency" release of the door lock described below 2 in the event of an abnormal operating state of the electrical Device.

In the illustration shown in FIG. 1a, the appliance door is open, which is why the locking block 10 does not engage with the trap 8. Accordingly, the door lock 2 unlocked. There is also a locking and release unit 12 in a release state and the emergency release unit 14 in an idle state.

Here, the lever 22 is in position by the spring 24 held for the release position, whereby the locking and Release element 30 and in particular the blocking surface 32 thus positioned are that for closing and locking the appliance door the locking block 10 inserted into the trap 8 and the Gripping device 6 can be rotated.

The actuator 50 is in the idle state of the emergency release unit 14 not activated, whereby the sliding member 52 in the rest position shown in Fig. 1a. The mainspring 46 holds the lever 38 in the position shown there, the Slidable member 52 and / or the end 34 as a stop for serve the lever 38. Such a stop can also be caused by a separately executed stop element (not shown) provided become. When using such an external stop for the lever 38 is a contact thereof with the displaceable Link 52 and / or the end 34 in the in Fig. 1a shown position is not necessary, but will be how described below by a movement of the locking and Release element 30 and / or the displaceable member 52 manufactured. If the closing block when closing the appliance door 10 the door lock by rotating the gripping device 6 2 locked, results in the position shown in Fig. 1b Door lock 2 and the locking block 10. Around the door lock 2 secure against unauthorized / unwanted unlocking, the locking and release unit 12 is activated to the door lock 2 to lock, more precisely a rotation of the gripping device 6 to prevent. It is provided that the locking and Release unit 12 essentially immediately at the same time the locking of the door lock 2, according to a predetermined Duration or depending on an operating state of the electrical device is operated.

To operate the locking and unlocking unit 12, i.e. in the 1b to take the position shown at the time to which the door lock 2 is to be locked, the electromagnetic Actuator 16 activated. This will make the magnet plunger 18 in Fig. 1b moved to the left, whereby the lever 22 around the Axis 20 rotated into the position shown there and in this held by the spring 24 and / or the magnetic plunger 18 becomes.

The rotation of the lever 22 causes the locking and displacement Release element 30 to the right, creating the restricted area 32 assumes a position, one for unlocking the door lock 2 required rotation of the gripping device 6 prevented. Depending on the respective manufacturing tolerances can still smaller movements of the gripping device 6 be possible, but rotations that actually unlock of the door lock 2 are necessary due to the restricted area 32 can be prevented.

The movement of the locking and releasing element 30 to the right rotates due to contact of end 34 with end 40 the lever 38 counterclockwise. This is the mainspring 46 deflected. The position of the slidable member 52 has here in relation to the position shown in Fig. 1a not changed. This is due to the fact that in this State of the actuator 50 is not yet activated or the supply of energy yet for actuation of the sliding Link 52 required change of thermally sensitive Actuator 50 has caused.

Here, the actuator 50 can essentially coincide with the electromagnetic actuator 16 or according to a predetermined time delay activated, i.e. energized become.

Alternatively, it is provided that the actuator 50 in front of a Activation of the electromagnetic actuator 16 activated will that before a shift of the locking and release element 30 the slidable member 52 shifted to the left becomes. In this case, the lever 38 can be the one shown in FIG. 1b Working position before actuation by the blocking and Take release unit 12.

If the locking and releasing element 30 in the above described Moved to the right and the actuator 50 heated that the slidable member 52 is moved to the left, the state shown in FIG. 1c results. In this Condition is the door lock 2 locked and by the in a blocking and releasing unit 12 which is in a blocked state locked, the slidable member 52 contacts the lever 38. Here is the following as the working state designated state of the emergency release unit 14 and in particular maintain the position of the slidable member 52 that the actuator 50 remains activated, the for this required energy continuously or at predetermined Times and / or during predetermined periods of time can be.

If the appliance door is in a normal operating state of the electrical device is to be opened again, the electromagnetic actuator 16 actuated so that the magnetic plunger 18 is moved to the right. As a result, the lever 22 with the participation of the spring 24 in that shown in Fig. 1d Rotated position and held there by the spring 24. consequently the locking and release element 30 due to the articulated Link 26 shifted to the left. As a result, the Locking surface 32 a position that allows through a Opening the appliance door and the movement caused by it of the locking block 10 to rotate the gripping device 6 and thereby unlock the door lock 2 again. Such a state in which the locking and release unit 12 in their Release status is, the door lock 2 is unlocked and no operative connection between the locking block 10 and the Trap 8 exists, is shown in Fig. 1d.

Essentially at the same time as that required for approval Activation of the electromagnetic actuator 16 is the Energy supply for the actuator 50 interrupted / ended. The the lack of energy supply causes the actuator 50 to cool down and thereby moving the slidable member 52 to the right becomes. The one required for such a cooling process Duration leads to the sliding member 52 still in the working position shown in Fig. 1d, the Position in Fig. 1c corresponds when the locking and Release unit 12 has already passed into its release state is.

If the slidable when the actuator 50 cools Moved member 52 to the right, the tension spring 46 causes depending of the movement of the slidable member 52 one Turn the lever 38 clockwise. That way the emergency release unit 14 in its idle state, whereby the state shown in Fig. 1a is reached again.

In the event of an abnormal operating state of the electrical device, in which the required to release the door lock 2 Change in state of the blocking and release unit 12, for example due to a power failure, not provided can be, the release of the door lock 2 by the emergency release unit 14 causes.

If such an abnormal operating state occurs, the power supply to the actuator 50 is interrupted. This Power supply interruption can be controlled if an operating state by means not shown here is detected by the blocking and releasing unit 12 to release the door lock 2 can no longer be actuated can. In the event of a power failure or a lack of energy supply the power supply is interrupted for the electrical device for the actuator 50 automatically.

As described above with reference to Figure 1d, cools due to the lack of energy supply, the actuator 50 whereby the slidable member 52 is no longer in the in Fig. 1c and d position is held. This leads to a Rotation of the lever 38 due to the force of the tension spring 46 clockwise. In contrast to that shown in Fig. 1d In this case, the state is the locking and Release unit 12 in its locked state shown in Fig. 1b and c. As a result, the rotation of the lever 38 causes displacement of the locking and release element 30 due to the Operational connection of the end 40 and the end 34. This displacement causes a transition of the blocking and releasing unit 12 from their locked state to their release state. As a result is shown by the emergency release unit 14 in Fig. 1a Condition reached by unlocking the door lock 2 and the appliance door can be opened.

In a variant of the embodiment of FIG 1a to 1d is used instead of the actuator 50 and the tension spring 46 an actuator having a thermally sensitive element used, at least in abnormal operating conditions of the electrical device, comparable to the tension spring 46, forces generated by the lever 38 in the manner described above Turn way to lock and release unit 12 in their Bring release status. In this case, such Actuator can be arranged so that it is not normal Operating state of the electrical device for turning the lever 38 suitable forces in the end 42 can initiate. Here, an actuator can be used which, comparable to the tension spring 46, cooperates with the end 42 and at one Interruption of the energy supply and the resulting Cooling turns lever 38 clockwise (pulls). In particular, an actuator with a wax motor can be used here unlike what was described earlier Wax motor, with a supply of electrical or thermal Energy an actuator (comparable to the sliding Link 52) in a direction opposite to that described above Movement of the slidable member 52 at one Activation of the actuator 50 moves ("pulls into the actuator"). Accordingly, deactivation of this actuator, i.e. an interruption in the energy supply, the actuator move in a direction that is essentially the Direction of movement of the displaceable member 52 when deactivated of the actuator 50 corresponds to ("a movement from the actuator out ").

Furthermore, an actuator can be used, which is in a abnormal operating condition of the electrical device compressive forces exerts on the end 42 to rotate the lever 38. In in this case the actuator is for an abnormal operating state to supply the electrical device with energy, the desired thermal expansion to rotate the To reach lever 38. To ensure that the Actuator even in the event of a complete power supply failure a transition of the locking and release unit 12 in can cause their release state is an energy supply required independent energy in such cases can provide. Such an energy supply can, for example through an appropriately dimensioned storage capacitor be provided during a normal Operation of the electrical device is charged.

Can not normal operating conditions with the electrical device occur in which a release of the door lock 2 is not desired or inadmissible, a not shown Release device for the emergency release unit 14 used become. Such a release device acts in dependence of parameters that reflect the current abnormal operating condition characterize the electrical device, so together with the emergency release unit 14 that a release of the Door lock 2 can be prevented by the emergency release unit 14 can. Here, the release device can, for example have a lever or pin in such operating conditions a transition of the emergency release unit 14 from her Working state mechanically prevented in its idle state. In Dependence on the embodiment of the emergency release unit used 14 can the release device depending on the the current release of the emergency release unit 14 by a corresponding activation in their working state hold or prevent activation of the same. To the Operation of the release device it may be necessary to use an energy supply device that is comparable to the power supply of the last explained embodiment the emergency release unit 14 regardless of a power supply can supply energy for the electrical device.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2a to 2d, the mirrored in relation to the representations of FIGS. 1a to 1d shown are the components that are described above Components correspond with the same reference numerals Mistake. This embodiment differs from the above in that the emergency release device 14 is an actuator 54, which has a hinge 56 with the End 40 is connected.

At the end of the actuating element opposite the joint 56 54 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Pin 58 attached. A spring 60 creates one on the Actuator 54 counterclockwise torque and a compressive force acting in the plane of the drawing. The Compressive force can also be caused by an elastic deformation of the actuator 53 and / or the lever 38 are provided.

Furthermore, this embodiment comprises a backdrop guide 62, for example on a mounting frame for the Emergency release unit 14 is attached. The schematic in Fig. 3 Set guide 62 shown has a not designated Recess on that is essentially horizontal extending guide channel 64 and an associated in substantially vertical guide channel 66, which merges into a curved guide channel 68, which additionally connects the guide channels 64 and 66. The curved guide channel 68 includes a slope 70 that starts out rising from the level of the guide channel 66 (slightly) runs to an edge 72. One arranged in the recess Web 74 forms an edge boundary together with edge 72 of the guide channel 64. Give the arrows shown in Fig. 3 the directions of movement of the pin 58 in the link guide 62 when operating the emergency release unit 14.

In the state shown in FIG. 2a, the door lock 2 is unlocked, the locking and release unit 12 being in the release state and the emergency release unit 14 are in the idle state. The pin 58 is located on the one in FIG. 3 position labeled I.

Fig. 2b shows a state in which the door lock 2 locks is and the locking and release unit 12 in its locked state located. Contrary to that with reference to 1a to 1d explained embodiment causes the Transition of the locking and release unit 12 into the locked state here no actuation of the lever 38. Rather, the Lever 38 rotated when the slidable member 52 due to an activation of the actuator 50 moves to the right Has.

Movement of the slidable member 52 causes rotation the lever 38 clockwise, with the pin 58 in the curved guide channel 68 starting from position I in the direction given by arrow P1 to position II is moved (see Fig. 3). With this movement, the pen 58 led from the slope 70 to the edge 72, behind the it due to the compressive force of the spring 60 on the level of the bottom surface of the guide channel 64 jumps. Is the Pin 58 at position II shown in Fig. 3 is the emergency release unit 14 in its working state shown in FIG. 2c passed.

During normal operation of the electrical device, this will be Door lock 2, as described above, due to a transition the locking and release unit 12 in the release state for Unlocked released. A transition of the emergency release unit 14 in their idle state due to an interruption / termination their energy supply in connection with the backdrop guide 62 a movement of the actuating element 54, which corresponds to the movement of the actuating element 54, the in the following for an abnormal operating state of the electrical device is explained. In contrast to that in following shown release of the door lock 2 in one abnormal operating condition of the electrical device the movement of the actuator 54 in this case no release.

As described above, is in an abnormal operating condition of the electrical device, the energy supply of the Actuator 50 interrupted / terminated, due to the resulting Cooling the slidable member 52 from the tension spring 46 is moved to the left. The lever is accordingly 38 rotated counterclockwise, causing the actuator 54 through the pin 58 guided in the guide channel 64 in the direction of the part P1 shown in Fig. 3 in the direction of Position III is moved. In this movement contacted how seen in Fig. 2d, the actuator 54, the end 34 of the Locking and releasing element 30 and moves this to the right. If the operative connection between the actuator 54 and the end 34 is made, causes the further movement of the Actuator 54 to position III (see Fig. 3) one Transition of the blocking and release unit 12 into its release state, as described above.

Because of the boundary formed by the edge 72 and the web 74 of the guide channel 64 is the pin 58 in this led to position III. The pin 58 is located on the Position III, i.e. at the transition between the guide channel 64 and the guide channel 66, the spring 60 causes rotation of the actuator counterclockwise and thus a movement in the direction of arrow P2 to position I. The emergency release unit 14 is then located in the position shown in FIG. 2a shown idle state.

An advantage of this embodiment is that when Locking the door lock 2 by the electromagnetic actuator 16 and / or the spring 24 only the forces are to be generated, for actuation / movement of the locking and release unit 12 are required. Forces required for a rotation of the Lever 38 required against the force of the tension spring 46 in this case will not be blocked by the blocking and release unit 12 provided. This can in terms of interpretation of the electromagnetic actuator 16 and / or the spring 24 be advantageous.

Another advantage is that the emergency release unit 14 essentially independent of the locking and release unit 12 works. Accordingly, this is also a reliable one Locking the door lock 2 ensures when the emergency release unit 14 does not work correctly, for example if due to a defect in the actuator 50 the working state is maintained.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a-4f, the Function of the locking and release element 30 of FIGS. 1 and 2 provided by a locking slide 80. In Fig. 4a, 4b and 4f is the locking slide 80 in a release position in which a door lock, not shown here can be unlocked. Contacted in the release position the locking slide 80 a stop 82, wherein one between the locking slide 80 and another Stop 84 arranged compression spring 86 the locking slide 80 secures in the release position. This backup function the compression spring 86 is only one feature here because the Compression spring 86, as described below, also serves the locking slide 80 in both normal operation as well as during an abnormal operation of an electrical Device using this embodiment a locking position described below in the release position bring to.

The locking slide 80 is by means of an actuator 88 of an electromagnetic actuator 90 actuated. The function of the electromagnetic actuator 90 corresponds essentially to the function of the electromagnetic Actuator 16 and is used to lock the slider 80 from the release position into one shown in FIG. 4d Bring locked position.

A pawl movably and rotatably arranged on an axis 92 94 acts with one on the top of the locking slide 80 arranged guide 96 together. The Operation of the pawl 94 and the link guide 96 will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5 explained. The pawl 94 is connected to a tension spring 98, which exerts 94 forces on the pawl that has an end 100 of the pawl 94 in the direction of the link guide 96 pulling surface of the locking slide 80 pull. Furthermore, the tension spring 98 is arranged so that its forces with respect to axis 92, rotation of end 100 against Clockwise (i.e. a rotation of the end 100 4a-4f in the direction of the viewer).

Comparable to the above embodiments, the emergency release unit comprises in this embodiment a thermally sensitive thermally activatable actuator 102 with a Wax motor. The actuator 102 is slidable Link 104 connected by contact with an angled here End 106 of the pawl 94 this in the in Fig. 4a position shown holds. Here is the actuator 102 in the idle state described above and accordingly the displaceable member 104 has taken a rest position. To achieve this rest position, an actuator 102 and in particular a type of wax motor used in one not activated state (i.e. in the case of missing or interrupted Energy supply) a movement of the displaceable member 104 in this position.

If the locked door lock not shown here for operation of the electrical device is to be blocked, the electromagnetic Actuator 90 activated, causing the actuator 88 moves the locking slide 80 to the right. The necessary contact of the actuator 88 with the locking slide 80 can already be at one non-activated state of the electromagnetic actuator 90 are present or, as shown, when the same is activated getting produced.

Furthermore, to lock the door lock, it is necessary that the actuator 102 activates, i.e. in its working state is brought to the sliding member 104 in the in Fig. 4b to bring the working position shown. This leads to a Active connection of the end 100 to the link guide 96. Depending on the technical characteristics of the actuator 102 and in particular the resulting period of time is needed to move the movable member 104 into the working position is the time of activation of the Actuator 102 relative to the activation time for the electromagnetic actuator 90 to choose.

If the state shown in FIG. 4b is present, the electromagnetic pushes Actuator 90 the locking slide 80 in the position shown in Fig. 4c, which is further to the right than that 4d shown locking position of the locking slide 80. This movement of the locking slide 80 over the Locked position is due to that explained below Link guide 96 required to an operative connection of the End 100 to produce with the backdrop guide 96, the Locking slide 80 in the locked position according to FIG. 4d holds. Such a movement of the locking slide 80 can be omitted if other suitable slide guides are used become.

The electromagnetic actuator 90 has the locking slide 80 brought into the position shown in Fig. 4c, for example by the length of the actuator 88 and / or a stop not shown here can be defined, the electromagnetic actuator 90 is deactivated again. Accordingly, the actuator 88 gives the locking slide 80 free from the compression spring 86 to the left and moved into the locking position shown in Fig. 4d. in this connection the blocking position is achieved by the cooperation of the end 100 the pawl 94 maintained with the link guide 96.

In order that the normal operation of the electrical device To release the door lock to unlock it, the electromagnetic one Actuator 90 reactivated. Subsequently moved the actuator 88 the locking slide 80 from the latter Locked position to the right in the position shown in Fig. 4e. Corresponds to the backdrop guide 96 used this position essentially the position shown in Fig. 4c. This movement of the locking slide 80 is also required here for an operative connection of the end 100 of the To reach pawl 94 and the link guide 96 for a transition of the locking slide 80 from the Lock position in the release position is required.

If the position of the locking slide shown in Fig. 4e 80 is present, the electromagnetic actuator 90 is deactivated and due to movement of the actuator 88 to the right the locking slide 80 released. is the locking slide 80 released, moves the compression spring 86 the locking slide 80 to the left, due to the design of the link guide 96, the pawl 94 takes the position shown in Fig. 4f, here for one Transition of the locking slide 80 into the release position is required.

In the state shown in Fig. 4f, the door lock is for Unlocked released. As with reference to the actuator 50 above, the actuator 102 essentially becomes deactivated at the same time or after a predetermined period of time.

This causes the slidable member 104 to move to the left, which results in the state shown in FIG. 4a.

To at an abnormal operating condition of the electrical device to release the locked door lock for unlocking, i.e. a transition from the state shown in Fig. 4d in The actuator serves to effect the state shown in FIG. 4a 102. Depending on what is currently not normal The operating state of the electrical device becomes the actuator 102 deactivated. This deactivation can, for example in the event of a power failure inherently from the abnormal Operating state result or take place if for example, an incorrect operating procedure has occurred is where unlocking the door lock is required or is desired.

The deactivation of the actuator 102 leads to a shift of the movable member 104 to the left. Actuated the slidable member 104 the end 106 of the pawl 94 so that this starting from the position shown in Fig. 4d is brought into the position shown in Fig. 4a. This change of position the pawl 94 releases the Locking slide 80 due to a missing operative connection between the end 100 and the backdrop guide 96. Accordingly the compression spring 86 moves the locking slide 80 in its release position, whereby the one shown in Fig. 4a Condition is reached. The door lock is in this state released and can be unlocked.

In the following, with reference to FIG. 5, the backdrop guide 96 explained in detail. The shown in Fig. 5 Arrows relative to movements of the end 100 of the pawl to areas of the backdrop guide 96.

Starting from the state shown in Fig. 4a the end 100 at position 'I. An activation of the actuator 102 causes end 100 to move to position II, from which the end 100 along the arrow P1 due to a Activation of the electromagnetic actuator 90 and the same resulting movement of the locking slide 80 the Position III reached. End 100 is in position III, if the locking slide 80 in the in Fig. 4c position shown. As a result of a deactivation of the electromagnetic actuator 90 becomes the locking slide 80 by the compression spring 86 in the in Fig. 4d brought position shown, which is a movement of the Link guide 96 results to the right. Moving the end 100 of the pawl 94 over an inclined surface 108 to position IV, where there is a notch defining Surface 110 contacted. Because of the active connection of the detent 110 with the end 100 of the locking slide 80 in the Locked position held.

For a transition of the locking slide 80 into the release position, becomes, as described above, the electromagnetic Actuator 90 reactivated. This results in a 5 to the left, wherein the tension spring 98 rotates the pawl 94 about the axis 92. As a result, the end 100 moves relative to the backdrop guide along arrow P3 to position V. The following Deactivation of the electromagnetic actuator 90 gives the Locking slide 80 free, which is due to the pressure spring 86 generated force according to FIG. 5 a movement of the link guide 96 to the right. That moves End 100 of the pawl 94 along the arrow P4 over a inclined surface 112 and a substantially horizontally shown Area 114 to an edge 116. Due to the of the tensile forces generated 98 "jumps" the end 100 after edge 116 down and reached due to the movement of the locking slide 80 position II. The deactivation of actuator 102 causes the end to move 100 from position II to position I.

For a release of the door lock on a non-normal one Operating state of the electrical device, as described above, the actuator 102 deactivates the pawl 94 to operate. Because of the electromagnetic actuator 90 caused locking of the door lock is located the end 100 of the pawl at position IV. The actuation the pawl 94 by the deactivated actuator 102 causes end 100 to move in the direction of the arrow P5 to position VI. Due to the movement of the locking slide 80 results from the force of the compression spring 86 a movement of the end 100 relative to the link guide in the direction of arrow P6 to position I.

An advantage of that explained with reference to Figures 4a-4f Embodiment consists in that in order to maintain the locked state, i.e. the locking position of the locking slide 80 it is not necessary to use the electromagnetic actuator 90 to keep in an activated state and / or facility to use the function described above bistable element 22 provides.

Claims (15)

Device for locking and unlocking a door lock of an electrical device, with: a locking and release unit (12) which locks a locked door lock (2) of an electrical device in a locked state and enables unlocking of the door lock in a released state, and an emergency release unit (14) which brings the blocking and release unit (12) into the release state in an abnormal operating state of the electrical device. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that : the locking and release unit (12) assumes the locked state by means of an active connection with the door lock (2) in response to its locking, or the locking and release unit (12) assumes the locked state when the door lock (2) is locked. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that : the locking and release unit (12) assumes the release state when the electrical device is in an operating state for which an unlocking of the door lock (2) is desired and / or permitted. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the locking and release unit (12) comprises an electromagnetic actuator (16) for a transition from the locked state to the released state. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that : the electromagnetic actuator (16) is designed to bring about a transition from the release state to the blocking state. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) has an idle state and a working state, the emergency release unit (14) bringing the blocking and release unit (12) into the release state during a transition from the working state to the idle state. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) assumes the working state by means of an active connection with the locking and release unit (12) in response to its transition to the locked state. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) assumes the working state in a controlled manner when the blocking and releasing unit (12) is in the blocking state or before the blocking and releasing unit (12) assumes the blocking state. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) assumes its idle state during normal operation of the electrical device in response to a transition of the blocking and release unit (12) from the blocked state to the released state. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) comprises an actuator (50) to effect a transition to the working state and a force-generating element (46) to effect a transition to the idle state. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) comprises an actuator (50) to effect a transition to the idle state and a force-generating element (46) to effect a transition to the working state. Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that : the force-generating element (46) is a spring. Device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that : The actuator (50) comprises a thermally sensitive element, a thermocouple or a wax motor. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that : the emergency release unit (14) comprises an energy supply device for the actuator (50), which is designed to supply energy to the actuator (50) when the electrical device is not operating normally in order to activate it. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by : a release device for the emergency release unit (14) which, depending on parameters which characterize an abnormal operating state of the electrical device, permits the emergency release unit (14) to transition to the idle state.

Images