EP1265760B1 - Device mounted on vehicles with pneumatic-tired wheels, for use in a tire pressure monitoring system - Google Patents
Device mounted on vehicles with pneumatic-tired wheels, for use in a tire pressure monitoring system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1265760B1 EP1265760B1 EP01903695A EP01903695A EP1265760B1 EP 1265760 B1 EP1265760 B1 EP 1265760B1 EP 01903695 A EP01903695 A EP 01903695A EP 01903695 A EP01903695 A EP 01903695A EP 1265760 B1 EP1265760 B1 EP 1265760B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bus
- arrangement
- receiver
- connector
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 40
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/005—Devices specially adapted for special wheel arrangements
- B60C23/009—Devices specially adapted for special wheel arrangements having wheels on a trailer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0415—Automatically identifying wheel mounted units, e.g. after replacement or exchange of wheels
- B60C23/0416—Automatically identifying wheel mounted units, e.g. after replacement or exchange of wheels allocating a corresponding wheel position on vehicle, e.g. front/left or rear/right
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0433—Radio signals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0433—Radio signals
- B60C23/0435—Vehicle body mounted circuits, e.g. transceiver or antenna fixed to central console, door, roof, mirror or fender
- B60C23/0437—Means for detecting electromagnetic field changes not being part of the signal transmission per se, e.g. strength, direction, propagation or masking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0433—Radio signals
- B60C23/0447—Wheel or tyre mounted circuits
- B60C23/045—Means for detecting electromagnetic field changes being not part of the signal transmission per se, e.g. strength, direction, propagation or masking
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- a device is known from DE 195 18 806 A1, which discloses monitoring the air pressure in the tires of a vehicle by means of pressure sensors, which are provided together with a battery-operated electronic measuring and control circuit, with a transmitter and with a transmission antenna on the respective wheel are, in particular on the valve or in a structural unit with the valve of the wheel.
- Such a device provided on the wheel is also referred to below as wheel electronics.
- the electrical tire pressure signals supplied by the pressure sensor in the respective wheel electronics are supplemented by the electronic measuring and control circuit of the wheel electronics by an identification signal characterizing the respective wheel, converted into digital radio signals and transmitted via radio to a central receiving, evaluation and control unit which transmits for this purpose is connected to receiving antennas, one of which is in the vicinity of one the wheels is arranged, in particular on the wall of the wheel housing of the vehicle body.
- the radio signals form a data telegram which contains, as components in digital form, a preamble, the identification signal, a signal containing the tire pressure or a quantity derived therefrom, and a postamble.
- the radio signals are high-frequency signals.
- the high-frequency transmission takes place in Germany in the 433 MHz range, the so-called ISM band; in some other countries, the transmission takes place in the 315 MHz range or in the 868 MHz range.
- the radio signals sent by the wheel electronics are received by the intended receiving antennas.
- the receiving antennas transmit the RF signals via special RF-compatible lines to the central receiving, evaluating and control device, in which an RF receiver, which has its own receiving channel for each receiving antenna, is based on the Input of the respective receiving channel amplified and demodulated incoming signal.
- the low-frequency signal present after demodulation is decoded and evaluated in order to provide the driver with a warning or other information about the tire pressure via the control part of the receiving, evaluating and control device.
- the wheel electronics Since the wheel electronics are mostly battery-operated and the life of the battery should be as long as possible, for example at least seven years, the wheel electronics must work as energy-saving as possible. Your radio signals are therefore very weak. Due to the low signal level in the system known from DE 195 18 806 A1, the electrical lines between the receiving antennas and the central receiving, evaluating and control device require complex measures to protect the signals transmitted on these lines against external interference. In a practical tire pressure control system according to DE 195 18 806 A1, the electrical lines are elaborately shielded twisted-pair cables. The attainable with it Security against malfunctions is imperfect and involves considerable costs.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a way in which the transmission of the signals can be made more insensitive to interference and yet inexpensive. It must be ensured that the central evaluation and control device can recognize from the signals transmitted to it from which receiving antenna the respective signal comes.
- the HF receiver and an evaluation and control device are no longer combined as in the prior art to form a structural unit which is arranged as a central device in the vehicle and is connected to all receiving antennas. Instead, each receiving antenna is now assigned its own HF receiver, which is connected by means of a BUS to the evaluation and control device, which now no longer requires an HF receiving part.
- the invention is advantageous because the BUS system, which transmits electrical signals in digitized form, does not require any elaborately shielded cables to transmit these signals; Rather, unshielded electrical lines can be used, which are much cheaper than shielded cables. If the vehicle, which is often the case today, already has a BUS system, then this can be used for the purposes of the invention and it only has to be ensured that the HF receiver on the one hand and the evaluation and control unit on the other hand with the existing one BUS system are connected, for which only a few, depending on the spatial arrangement of the BUS system, only short or moderately long additional lines are required, which are in easily integrate a cable harness intended for the vehicle and have it prefabricated and installed.
- a further advantage is that by assigning an RF receiver to each of the receiving antennas, the sensitivity to interference of the signal transmission can be minimized, since the respective receiving antenna and the RF receiver assigned to it can be arranged in close proximity or even combined to form a structural unit, so that, unlike in the system disclosed by DE 195 18 806 A1, high-frequency signals no longer have to be transmitted over longer line paths, but rather are directly fed from the receiving antenna to the HF receiver in the shortest possible way, converted into LF signals in a demodulator connected downstream and these are decoded, digitized and brought into a signal form suitable for the selected BUS system in a BUS interface.
- the transmission of low-frequency signals and, in particular, that of digital direct current signals is subject to a much lower sensitivity to interference than the transmission of HF signals via twisted-pair cables according to the system disclosed in DE 195 18 806 A1.
- the shortest possible line connection to the HF receiver contributes to the immunity to interference of the signal transmission from the HF receiver to the evaluation and control device, in particular when the receiving antenna and the HF receiver assigned to it are combined to form a structural unit.
- BUS system e.g. the CAN-BUS.
- the RF receiver can be inexpensive; only a single-channel RF receiver is required.
- the HF receivers require a voltage supply from the vehicle's electrical system.
- the power supply can take place via a separate supply line from the vehicle electrical system to the respective HF receiver.
- the voltage supply is preferably not carried out via separate lines, but via the BUS system itself.
- the evaluation and control unit cannot recognize from which line the reception antenna is used to evaluate the control antenna solely from the line routing between the receiving antennas and the evaluation and control unit. and control unit transmitted signal. So that the evaluation and control device can obtain this information, it is further provided according to the invention that there is a connector at the BUS interface, which is assigned to the respective receiving antenna, with which this interface is connected to the BUS.
- the connector has two connecting parts, a first connecting part which is connected to the BUS and a second connecting part which is connected to the BUS interface.
- the first connecting part is designed according to the invention in such a way that it provides an identifier in electrical-mechanical form, which is transmitted by connecting to the second connecting part of the circuit arrangement provided at the RF receiver for generating a digital, electrical identification signal, which is generated by the structurally determined identifier of the first connecting part is determined.
- the identifier which carries the first connecting part of the connector is chosen differently for each installation location of a receiving antenna.
- the identifier of the circuit arrangement provided for generating a digital, electrical identifier signal is transmitted; this circuit arrangement then generates a digital, electrical identification signal, which is determined by the identification of the first connecting part, and adds this identification signal to the data telegram, which the associated receiver has received from radio electronics by radio.
- Each data telegram arriving in the central evaluation and control device therefore contains an identification signal which provides information about the receiving antenna from which the pressure measurement signal contained in the data telegram was received.
- the evaluation and control device can clearly determine from which receiving antenna each data telegram was received if the digital identification signal was also transmitted without errors. Otherwise the data telegram can be rejected as faulty.
- the connector coding required for this equipment variant is already made when installing a trailer coupling, because in connection with the installation of the trailer coupling an electrical coupler for connecting a trailer must be installed anyway.
- the "first" connecting part of the connector assigned to the installation location of the respective receiving antenna is designed such that it provides an identifier in an electrical-mechanical form.
- This is understood to mean that the first connecting parts of the plug connectors differ in their mechanical construction and that after a first connecting part is plugged together with a second connecting part, these differences have an electrical effect on the circuit arrangement provided in the HF receiver for generating a digital electrical identification signal, namely, that this generates and transmits a digital electrical identification signal determined by the identification of the first connecting part.
- Which structure these digital identification signals have is predetermined by the structure of the circuit arrangement.
- the circuit arrangement is designed in such a way that it can generate and transmit a predetermined identification signal, which characterizes the respective installation location, for all possible installation locations of a receiving antenna.
- the connector To connect to a BUS, the connector requires a number of contact pairs determined by the selected BUS structure.
- the contact pairs are preferably provided in the plug connector, the contact pairs each advantageously consisting of a contact pin and an associated contact socket, it being immaterial whether the contact pins are at the first Connecting part and the contact sockets are provided on the second connecting part of the connector or vice versa.
- the circuit arrangement is controlled by receiving voltage at different inputs, and generates an identification signal determined by the selected assignment of the additional contact pins or contact sockets with ground and voltage, and adds it to every data telegram that is forwarded to the evaluation and control unit.
- a number n of additional contact pairs can be used to distinguish between 2 "installation locations.
- first connecting parts differ in their contact assignment, however, they all fit onto the preferably matching "second" connecting parts of the plug connectors and thus form a family of connecting parts which have the same basic structure but differ in the number and / or arrangement of the can distinguish additional contacts and / or their assignment with voltage and ground.
- the assignment of the possible variants of the "first" connecting parts to different installation locations can remain the same for all vehicles in a model family and is suitable for all equipment variants in a model family.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically four wheels 1 of a vehicle 2, in particular an automobile.
- Wheel electronics 3 are attached to each wheel 1.
- the wheel electronics 3 are identical to one another and have matching installation positions with respect to the respective wheel 1.
- Each wheel electronics 3 contains (not shown) an electric battery, a preferably piezo-electric pressure sensor with associated measurement and control electronics and a transmitter with an HF stage which feeds a transmission antenna.
- the transmitter sends out pressure signals obtained from the pressure sensor and processed by the measuring and control electronics in the form of digital HF signals, which also contain an identification signal that characterizes the origin of certain wheel electronics 3.
- a reception antenna 4 is provided adjacent to each wheel 1 in the wheel arch of the body of the vehicle 2 surrounding it.
- Each receiving antenna 4 is assigned a single-channel RF receiver 5 in connection with a demodulator 6, with a circuit arrangement 7 for generating an identification signal and with a BUS interface 19, each of which forms a structural unit 20 which is connected by a BUS 17 to a Central evaluation and control unit 8 is connected, which z. B. can be located behind a dashboard of the vehicle 1.
- the evaluation and control device 8 contains a BUS interface 18, a microprocessor 10 for signal evaluation and for control tasks, a BUS driver 11 in a BUS interface 12, via which warning signals and other information about the tire pressure via the BUS 17 displayed on the dashboard and signals for the operation and setting of the evaluation and control unit 8 can be transmitted. Furthermore, the evaluation and control unit 8 has a driver 13 for a diagnostic interface part 14. The voltage supply of the evaluation and control unit 8 comes from the vehicle electrical system, symbolically represented by connecting the evaluation and control unit 8 to a battery 15 of the vehicle. The modules 20 are supplied with voltage via the evaluation and control unit 8 and via lines of the BUS 17.
- the tire pressure monitoring system shown in Figure 1 operates as follows:
- the wheel electronics 3 emit RF signals which contain a data telegram with a preamble, with an identification signal characterizing the transmitting wheel electronics 3, a measurement signal and a postamble. These RF signals are received by the antennas 4, demodulated, decoded, supplemented by an identification signal generated in the circuit arrangement 7, which the Characterized installation location of the respective receiving antenna 4, and fed to the BUS interface 19, which contains a BUS driver, which generates the data protocol of the BUS system installed in the vehicle and the data telegram from the wheel electronics 3 via the BUS 17 to the central evaluation and forwards control unit 8, where it is received by the BUS interface 18 and evaluated in the microprocessor 10.
- the microprocessor 10 compares the identifier signal contained in the data telegram, which is characteristic of the installation location of the receiving antenna 4 in question, with the identifiers of all possible installation locations of receiving antennas 4 stored in the microprocessor 10 and, if there is a match, recognizes from which of the receiving antennas 4 the one transmitted to it Data telegram comes from.
- the identification signal which is generated by the circuit arrangement 7 is determined by which of the plug connectors 21, with which the structural units 20 are connected to the BUS 17, is assigned to the installation location of a selected receiving antenna 4. This is to be explained with reference to FIG. 2, which in block form represents one of the structural units 20, which has a receiving antenna 4, an RF receiver 5 with demodulator 6, a circuit arrangement 7 for generating the identification signal and a BUS interface 19 with a BUS driver contains.
- a connector 21 is provided, consisting of a first connecting part 22 in the form of a plug and a second connecting part 23 in the form of a coupler attached to the unit 20.
- the required supply voltage U bat is transmitted via a first line 24 and an associated contact pin 24a from the vehicle electrical system via a plurality of data lines, of which only one data line 25 is shown, and a corresponding number of contact pins 25a, via a further line 26 and an associated contact pin 26a establishes the necessary ground connection.
- Via three further lines 27, 28 and 29, three additional contact pins 30, 31, 32 of the plug 22 are used for coding the installation location by placing these contact pins 30, 31 and 32 in one for the installation location characteristic way to be connected to ground and with the battery voltage U batt.
- the contact pins 30 and 31 are connected to ground and the contact pin 32 leads the battery voltage U batt to the ground.
- the additional contact pins 30, 31 and 32 are inserted in correspondingly arranged contact sockets 34 of the coupling 23, which are connected to the circuit arrangement 7 and control them in accordance with the assignment of the contact pins 30, 31 and 32 in such a way that they prevent the contact pins 30, 31 and 32 generates a specific identification signal and transmits it to the driver in the BUS interface 19 so that it adds it to the data telegram, which is then transmitted to the central evaluation and control unit 8 via the data lines 25.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a vehicle 2 with a single-axle trailer 35.
- seven installation locations P1 to P7 are provided for receiving antennas, and another installation location P8 on trailer 35. Not all installation locations P1 to P7 are occupied by a receiving antenna 4 in connection with a structural unit 20.
- the installation locations P1, P3, P4 and P6 are occupied in the vehicle 2.
- a cheaper version would e.g. only the installation locations P2 (a common assembly 20 for the two front wheels) and the installation location P5 (a common assembly 20 for the rear wheels) are occupied.
- only the installation location P7 would be e.g. at a central point below the floor panel of the body with a unit 20.
- only a single equipment variant is provided for the trailer 35, namely a single structural unit 20 for the two only wheels 1 seated on a common axle. In the trailer 35, however, each of the two wheels 1 could also be assigned its own structural unit 20.
- An analog signal can be generated in the single-channel RF receiver 5, the strength of which is proportional to the RSSI level of the signal received by radio.
- the analog signal can be generated, for example, by branching the received signal and integrating a branch by means of a capacitor. The voltage building up on the capacitor is then a measure of the RSSI level received.
- the analog signal can be transmitted as a DC voltage or as an impressed DC current via a line of the BUS 17 to the central evaluation and control device 8.
- the single-channel RF receiver 5 evaluates the RSSI level of the signals received via radio on site, converts the RSSI level into a digital signal and this digital RSSI signal together with that received via radio and then transmits demodulated, digital received signal to the central evaluation and control unit 8.
- the digital RSSI signal can be transmitted before or after the demodulated digital received signal.
- a separate assembly 20 is not provided for each individual wheel 1, but only a separate assembly 20 is provided for two wheels 1 on a common axle, or only a single assembly 20 is provided for a four-wheel vehicle, then the signals can be assigned to the Different wheel positions take place in that in the wheel electronics 3 additionally one or two acceleration sensors are provided, which allow information about the state of motion of the respective wheel 1 to be determined, such as the speed, the tangential acceleration and differences over the taxiways, which clearly shows between right wheels and left wheels and front wheels and rear wheels can be distinguished. How this is possible is disclosed in German patent applications 197 35 686.9, 198 56 861.4 and 100 12 458.5.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einrichtung mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Eine solche Einrichtung ist aus der DE 195 18 806 A1 bekannt, welche offenbart, den Luftdruck in den Reifen eines Fahrzeugs mittels Drucksensoren zu überwachen, welche zusammen mit einer batteriebetriebenen elektronischen Meß- und Steuerschaltung, mit einem Sender und mit einer Sendeantenne am jeweiligen Rad vorgesehen sind, insbesondere am Ventil oder in Baueinheit mit dem Ventil des Rades. Ein solches am Rad vorgesehenes Gerät wird nachfolgend auch als Radelektronik bezeichnet. Die von dem Drucksensor in der jeweiligen Radelektronik gelieferten elektrischen Reifendrucksignale werden durch die elektronische Meß- und Steuerschaltung der Radelektronik um ein das jeweilige Rad kennzeichnendes Identifikationssignal ergänzt, in digitale Funksignale umgewandelt und über Funk an ein zentrales Empfangs-, Auswerte- und Steuergerät übermittelt, welches zu diesem Zweck mit Empfangsantennen verbunden ist, von denen je eine in der Nachbarschaft eines der Räder angeordnet ist, insbesondere an der Wand des Radkastens der Fahrzeugkarosserie. Die Funksignale bilden ein Datentelegramm, welches als Bestandteile in digitaler Form eine Präambel, das Identifikationssignal, ein den Reifendruck oder eine davon abgeleitete Größe enthaltendes Signal und eine Postambel enthält. Die Funksignale sind Hochfrequenzsignale. Die Hochfrequenzübertragung erfolgt in Deutschland im 433 MHz-Bereich, dem sogenannten ISM-Band; in einigen anderen Ländern erfolgt die Übertragung im 315 MHz-Bereich oder im 868 MHz-Bereich. Die von den Radelektroniken gesendeten Funksignale werden von den vorgesehenen Empfangsantennen empfangen.The invention relates to a device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a device is known from DE 195 18 806 A1, which discloses monitoring the air pressure in the tires of a vehicle by means of pressure sensors, which are provided together with a battery-operated electronic measuring and control circuit, with a transmitter and with a transmission antenna on the respective wheel are, in particular on the valve or in a structural unit with the valve of the wheel. Such a device provided on the wheel is also referred to below as wheel electronics. The electrical tire pressure signals supplied by the pressure sensor in the respective wheel electronics are supplemented by the electronic measuring and control circuit of the wheel electronics by an identification signal characterizing the respective wheel, converted into digital radio signals and transmitted via radio to a central receiving, evaluation and control unit which transmits for this purpose is connected to receiving antennas, one of which is in the vicinity of one the wheels is arranged, in particular on the wall of the wheel housing of the vehicle body. The radio signals form a data telegram which contains, as components in digital form, a preamble, the identification signal, a signal containing the tire pressure or a quantity derived therefrom, and a postamble. The radio signals are high-frequency signals. The high-frequency transmission takes place in Germany in the 433 MHz range, the so-called ISM band; in some other countries, the transmission takes place in the 315 MHz range or in the 868 MHz range. The radio signals sent by the wheel electronics are received by the intended receiving antennas.
Gemäß der DE 195 18 806 A1 übertragen die Empfangsantennen die HF-Signale über spezielle HF-taugliche Leitungen an das zentrale Empfangs-, Auswerte- und Steuergerät, in welchem ein HF-Empfänger, der für jede Empfangsantenne einen eigenen Empfangskanal hat, das auf dem Eingang des jeweiligen Empfangskanals ankommende Signal verstärkt und demoduliert. Das nach der Demodulation vorliegende niederfrequente Signal wird dekodiert und ausgewertet, um dem Fahrer über den Steuerteil des Empfangs-, Auswerte- und Steuergerätes ggfs. eine Warnung oder eine sonstige Information über den Reifendruck zukommen zu lassen.According to DE 195 18 806 A1, the receiving antennas transmit the RF signals via special RF-compatible lines to the central receiving, evaluating and control device, in which an RF receiver, which has its own receiving channel for each receiving antenna, is based on the Input of the respective receiving channel amplified and demodulated incoming signal. The low-frequency signal present after demodulation is decoded and evaluated in order to provide the driver with a warning or other information about the tire pressure via the control part of the receiving, evaluating and control device.
Da die Radelektroniken meistens batteriebetrieben sind und die Lebensdauer der Batterie möglichst lang sein, z.B. wenigstens sieben Jahre betragen soll, müssen die Radelektroniken so stromsparend wie nur möglich arbeiten. Ihre Funksignale sind deshalb sehr schwach. Aufgrund des niedrigen Signalpegels bedürfen bei dem aus der DE 195 18 806 A1 bekannten System die elektrischen Leitungen zwischen den Empfangsantennen und dem zentralen Empfangs-, Auswerte- und Steuergerät aufwendiger Maßnahmen zum Schutz der auf diesen Leitungen übertragenen Signale gegen äußere Störeinflüsse. Bei einem praktisch ausgeführten Reifendruck-Kontrollsystem gemäß der DE 195 18 806 A1 sind die elektrischen Leitungen aufwendig geschirmte twisted-pair-Kabel. Die damit erreichbare Sicherheit gegen Störungen ist unvollkommen und bringt erhebliche Kosten mit sich.Since the wheel electronics are mostly battery-operated and the life of the battery should be as long as possible, for example at least seven years, the wheel electronics must work as energy-saving as possible. Your radio signals are therefore very weak. Due to the low signal level in the system known from DE 195 18 806 A1, the electrical lines between the receiving antennas and the central receiving, evaluating and control device require complex measures to protect the signals transmitted on these lines against external interference. In a practical tire pressure control system according to DE 195 18 806 A1, the electrical lines are elaborately shielded twisted-pair cables. The attainable with it Security against malfunctions is imperfect and involves considerable costs.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Weg anzugeben, wie die Übertragung der Signale in höherem Maße störunempfindlich und dennoch preiswert gestaltet werden kann. Dabei muß sichergestellt bleiben, daß das zentrale Auswerte- und Steuergerät aus den ihm übermittelten Signalen erkennen kann, von welcher Empfangsantenne das jeweilige Signal herkommt.The present invention is based on the object of specifying a way in which the transmission of the signals can be made more insensitive to interference and yet inexpensive. It must be ensured that the central evaluation and control device can recognize from the signals transmitted to it from which receiving antenna the respective signal comes.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Einrichtung mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a device with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß sind der HF-Empfänger und ein Auswerte- und Steuergerät nicht mehr wie im Stand der Technik zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt, welche als ein zentrales Gerät im Fahrzeug angeordnet und mit allen Empfangsantennen verbunden ist. Statt dessen ist jetzt jeder Empfangsantenne ein eigener HF-Empfänger zugeordnet, welcher mittels eines BUS mit dem Auswerte- und Steuergerät verbunden ist, welches nunmehr keinen HF-Empfangsteil mehr benötigt.According to the invention, the HF receiver and an evaluation and control device are no longer combined as in the prior art to form a structural unit which is arranged as a central device in the vehicle and is connected to all receiving antennas. Instead, each receiving antenna is now assigned its own HF receiver, which is connected by means of a BUS to the evaluation and control device, which now no longer requires an HF receiving part.
Die Erfindung ist vorteilhaft, weil das BUS-System, welches elektrische Signale in digitalisierter Form überträgt, zur Übertragung dieser Signale keine aufwendig geschirmte Kabel benötigt; es können vielmehr ungeschirmte elektrische Leitungen verwendet werden, welche sehr viel preiswerter als geschirmte Kabel sind. Hat das Fahrzeug, was heute häufig der Fall ist, bereits ein BUS-System, dann kann dieses für die Zwecke der Erfindung mitbenutzt werden und es muß nur noch dafür gesorgt werden, daß die HF-Empfänger einerseits und das Auswerteund Steuergerät andererseits mit dem vorhandenen BUS-System verbunden sind, wozu nur wenige, je nach der räumlichen Anordnung des BUS-Systems nur kurze oder mäßig lange zusätzliche Leitungen benötigt werden, welche sich in einen für das Fahrzeug vorgesehenen Kabelbaum leicht integrieren und mit diesem vorfertigen und installieren lassen. Als weiterer Vorteil kommt hinzu, daß durch die Zuordnung eines HF-Empfängers zu einer jeden der Empfangsantennen die Störempfindlichkeit der Signalübertragung minimiert werden kann, denn die jeweilige Empfangsantenne und der ihr zugeordnete HF-Empfänger können dicht benachbart angeordnet oder sogar zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt werden, so daß anders als in dem durch die DE 195 18 806 A1 offenbarten System Hochfrequenzsignale nicht mehr über längere Leitungswege übertragen werden müssen, sondern von der Empfangsantenne auf kürzestem Weg unmittelbar in den HF-Empfänger eingespeist, in einem diesem nachgeschalteten Demodulator in NF-Signale gewandelt und diese in einer BUS-Schnittstelle dekodiert, digitalisiert und in eine für das gewählte BUS-System geeignete Signalform gebracht werden.The invention is advantageous because the BUS system, which transmits electrical signals in digitized form, does not require any elaborately shielded cables to transmit these signals; Rather, unshielded electrical lines can be used, which are much cheaper than shielded cables. If the vehicle, which is often the case today, already has a BUS system, then this can be used for the purposes of the invention and it only has to be ensured that the HF receiver on the one hand and the evaluation and control unit on the other hand with the existing one BUS system are connected, for which only a few, depending on the spatial arrangement of the BUS system, only short or moderately long additional lines are required, which are in easily integrate a cable harness intended for the vehicle and have it prefabricated and installed. A further advantage is that by assigning an RF receiver to each of the receiving antennas, the sensitivity to interference of the signal transmission can be minimized, since the respective receiving antenna and the RF receiver assigned to it can be arranged in close proximity or even combined to form a structural unit, so that, unlike in the system disclosed by DE 195 18 806 A1, high-frequency signals no longer have to be transmitted over longer line paths, but rather are directly fed from the receiving antenna to the HF receiver in the shortest possible way, converted into LF signals in a demodulator connected downstream and these are decoded, digitized and brought into a signal form suitable for the selected BUS system in a BUS interface.
Die Übertragung von niederfrequenten Signalen und insbesondere die von digitalen Gleichstromsignalen unterliegt einer wesentlich geringeren Störempfindlichkeit als die Übertragung von HF-Signalen über twisted-pair-Kabel gemäß dem in der DE 195 18 806 A1 offenbarten System. Zu der Störunempfindlichkeit der Signalübertragung vom HF-Empfänger zum Auswerte- und Steuergerät trägt die kürzest mögliche Leitungsverbindung zum HF-Empfänger insbesondere dann bei, wenn die Empfangsantenne und der ihr zugeordnete HF-Empfänger zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt sind.The transmission of low-frequency signals and, in particular, that of digital direct current signals is subject to a much lower sensitivity to interference than the transmission of HF signals via twisted-pair cables according to the system disclosed in DE 195 18 806 A1. The shortest possible line connection to the HF receiver contributes to the immunity to interference of the signal transmission from the HF receiver to the evaluation and control device, in particular when the receiving antenna and the HF receiver assigned to it are combined to form a structural unit.
Als BUS-System eignet sich jedes bekannte BUS-System, z.B. der CAN-BUS.Any known BUS system is suitable as a BUS system, e.g. the CAN-BUS.
Der HF-Empfänger kann preiswert sein; es wird lediglich ein einkanaliger HF-Empfänger benötigt. Die HF-Empfänger benötigen eine Spannungsversorgung aus dem elektrischen Bordnetz des Fahrzeugs. Die Spannungsversorgung kann über eine gesonderte Zuleitung vom Bordnetz zum jeweiligen HF-Empfänger erfolgen. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Spannungsversorgung jedoch nicht über gesonderte Leitungen, sondern über das BUS-System selbst.The RF receiver can be inexpensive; only a single-channel RF receiver is required. The HF receivers require a voltage supply from the vehicle's electrical system. The power supply can take place via a separate supply line from the vehicle electrical system to the respective HF receiver. However, the voltage supply is preferably not carried out via separate lines, but via the BUS system itself.
Anders als bei dem aus der DE 195 18 806 A1 bekannten Reifendrucküberwachungssystem kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung eines BUS-Systems das Auswerte- und Steuergerät allein aus der Leitungsführung zwischen den Empfangsantennen und dem Auswerte- und Steuergerät nicht erkennen, von welcher Empfangsantenne ein dem Auswerte- und Steuergerät übermitteltes Signal stammt. Damit das Auswerte- und Steuergerät diese Informationen gewinnen kann, ist erfindungsgemäß weiterhin vorgesehen, daß sich an der BUS-Schnittstelle, welche der jeweiligen Empfangsantenne zugeordnet ist, ein Steckverbinder befindet, mit welchem diese Schnittstelle an den BUS angeschlossen wird. Der Steckverbinder hat zwei Verbindungsteile, ein erstes Verbindungsteil, welches an den BUS angeschlossen ist und ein zweites Verbindungsteil, welches an die BUS-Schnittstelle angeschlossen ist. Das erste Verbindungsteil ist erfindungsgemäß derart ausgebildet, daß es in elektrisch - mechanischer Form eine Kennung bereitstellt, die durch Verbinden mit dem zweiten Verbindungsteil der beim HF-Empfänger vorgesehenen Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung eines digitalen, elektrischen Kennungssignals übermittelt wird, welches durch die baulich bedingte Kennung des ersten Verbindungsteils bestimmt ist. Die Kennung, welche das erste Verbindungsteil des Steckverbinders trägt, ist für jeden Einbauort einer Empfangsantenne unterschiedlich gewählt. Durch seine Verbindung mit dem zweiten Verbindungsteil wird die Kennung der zur Erzeugung eines digitalen, elektrischen Kennungssignals vorgesehenen Schaltungsanordnung übermittelt; diese Schaltungsanordnung erzeugt daraufhin ein digitales, elektrisches Kennungssignal, welches durch die Kennung des ersten Verbindungsteils bestimmt ist, und fügt dieses Kennungssignal dem Datentelegramm hinzu, welches der zugehörige Empfänger per Funk von einer Radelektronik empfangen hat. Jedes im zentralen Auswerte- und Steuergerät ankommende Datentelegramm enthält deshalb ein Kennungssignal, welches Auskunft darüber gibt, von welcher Empfangsantenne das im Datentelegramm enthaltene Druckmeßsignal empfangen wurde. Durch Vergleichen des im Datentelegramm enthaltenen digitalen elektrischen Kennungssignales mit den im Auswerte- und Steuergerät gespeicherten Kennungen aller möglichen Einbauorte von Empfangsantennen kann das Auswerte- und Steuergerät eindeutig bestimmen, von welcher Empfangsantenne ein jedes Datentelegramm empfangen wurde wenn das digitale Kennungssignal fehlerfrei mitübertragen wurde. Andernfalls kann das Datentelegramm als fehlerhaft verworfen werden.In contrast to the tire pressure monitoring system known from DE 195 18 806 A1, when using a BUS system according to the invention, the evaluation and control unit cannot recognize from which line the reception antenna is used to evaluate the control antenna solely from the line routing between the receiving antennas and the evaluation and control unit. and control unit transmitted signal. So that the evaluation and control device can obtain this information, it is further provided according to the invention that there is a connector at the BUS interface, which is assigned to the respective receiving antenna, with which this interface is connected to the BUS. The connector has two connecting parts, a first connecting part which is connected to the BUS and a second connecting part which is connected to the BUS interface. The first connecting part is designed according to the invention in such a way that it provides an identifier in electrical-mechanical form, which is transmitted by connecting to the second connecting part of the circuit arrangement provided at the RF receiver for generating a digital, electrical identification signal, which is generated by the structurally determined identifier of the first connecting part is determined. The identifier which carries the first connecting part of the connector is chosen differently for each installation location of a receiving antenna. Through its connection to the second connecting part, the identifier of the circuit arrangement provided for generating a digital, electrical identifier signal is transmitted; this circuit arrangement then generates a digital, electrical identification signal, which is determined by the identification of the first connecting part, and adds this identification signal to the data telegram, which the associated receiver has received from radio electronics by radio. Each data telegram arriving in the central evaluation and control device therefore contains an identification signal which provides information about the receiving antenna from which the pressure measurement signal contained in the data telegram was received. By comparing the digital electrical identification signal contained in the data telegram with that in the evaluation and control unit stored identifiers of all possible installation locations of receiving antennas, the evaluation and control device can clearly determine from which receiving antenna each data telegram was received if the digital identification signal was also transmitted without errors. Otherwise the data telegram can be rejected as faulty.
Die erfindungsgemäße Weise, zu ermitteln, von welcher Empfangsantenne ein Datentelegramm empfangen wurde, hat wesentliche Vorteile:
- ◆ Die aus je einer Empfangsantenne, einem HF-Empfänger in Verbindung mit einem Demodulator, einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines den Einbauort der Empfangsantenne kennzeichnenden Kennungssignals und einer BUS-Schnittstelle bestehenden Baugruppen oder Baueinheiten können ununterscheidbar identisch ausgebildet sein. Das erleichtert sowohl die Fertigung als auch die Lagerhaltung. Erst dadurch, daß diese Baugruppen oder Baueinheiten an unterschiedlichen Einbauorten eingebaut und durch Zusammenstekken der beiden Verbindungsteile der Steckverbinder an den BUS angeschlossen werden, werden sie für das Auswerte- und Steuergerät unterscheidbar.
- ◆ Die für den Einbauort charakteristische Kodierung erfolgt im Zuge der ohnehin erforderlichen Verkabelung des Fahrzeuges bei dessen Herstellung.
- ◆ Der BUS kann Bestandteil eines ohnehin herzustellenden und einzubauenden Kabelbaumes sein. Bei der Kabelbaummontage ist es schon bisher eine Standardanforderung, daß bestimmte Steckverbinderteile an bestimmten Einbauorten zu liegen haben. Dies nun auch für Steckverbinder im Zusammenhang mit einem Reifendrucküberwachungssystem zu verwirklichen, stellt den Fachmann für Kabelbäume vor keinerlei Schwierigkeiten, so daß die Montage der am Kabelbaum angebrachten "ersten" Verbindungsteile an den richtigen Einbauorten ohne weiteres gewährleistet ist.
- ◆ Im Auswerte- und Steuergerät können nicht nur die Kennungen der Einbauorte der tatsächlich eingebauten Empfangsantennen gespeichert sein, sondern auch weitere Einbauorte, welche nur in Modellvarianten des Fahrzeuges vorkommen, oder sogar Einbauorte an Anhängern, welche nur zeitweise mitgeführt werden. So könnte z.B. in einer teureren Modellvariante einem jeden Rad eine Baugruppe aus Empfangsantenne, HF-Empfänger mit Demodulator, mit einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines Kennungssignals und mit einer BUS-Schnittstelle zugeordnet sein. In einer preiswerteren Modellvariante könnte man sich darauf beschränken, den auf einer gemeinsamen Achse angeordneten Rädern eine Baugruppe oder Baueinheit gemeinsam zuzuordnen. In einer noch preiswerteren Modellvariante könnte man allen Rädern eines Fahrzeuges eine gemeinsame, zentrale angeordnete Baugruppe oder Baueinehit zuordnen. In einer zusätzlichen Variante könnte man berücksichtigen, daß ein einachsiger Anhänger, z.B. ein Wohnanhänger, an dessen Rädern ebenfalls eine Reifendrucküberwachung stattfinden soll, angehängt werden kann. In einer weiteren Variante könnte man vorsehen, daß ein zweiachsiger Anhänger angehängt werden kann, in welchem die Räder mit Hilfe einer oder mehrerer solcher Baugruppen oder Baueinheiten auf den Reifendruck überwacht werden sollen. Eine große Anzahl von Varianten für unterschiedliche Einbauorte kann von vornherein im zentralen Auswerte- und Steuergerät angelegt sein, wobei jedem möglichen Einbauort eine eigene Kennung zugeordnet und gespeichert ist, welche von den Kennungen alle anderen möglichen Einbauorte verschieden ist.
- ◆ Für unterschiedliche Modellvarianten und Ausstattungsvarianten des Fahrzeugs können in an sich bekannter Weise unterschiedliche Kabelbäume mit unterschiedlich kodierten "ersten" Verbindungsteilen von Steckverbindern eingesetzt werden. Damit ist das erfindungsgemäße System mit identischen Baugruppen oder Baueinheiten aus Empfangsantenne, HF-Empfänger mit Demodulator, Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines Kennungssignals und BUS-Schnittstelle und mit identischen Auswerte- und Steuergeräten für alle Modellvarianten und Ausstattungsvarianten der Fahrzeuge ohne weitere Anpassung einsetzbar, was für die Fahrzeugmontage und für Reparatur- und Wartungszwecke außerordentlich vorteilhaft ist.
- ◆ The modules or assemblies, each consisting of a receiving antenna, an RF receiver in conjunction with a demodulator, a circuit arrangement for generating an identification signal which identifies the installation location of the receiving antenna, and a BUS interface can be designed to be indistinguishably identical. This makes both manufacturing and warehousing easier. Only when these modules or assemblies are installed at different installation locations and connected to the BUS by plugging together the two connecting parts of the plug connectors, can they be distinguished for the evaluation and control device.
- ◆ The coding that is characteristic of the installation location is carried out in the course of the wiring of the vehicle that is required anyway when it is manufactured.
- ◆ The BUS can be part of a cable harness that is to be manufactured and installed anyway. In the wiring harness assembly, it has been a standard requirement that certain connector parts have to be located at certain installation locations. Realizing this now also for connectors in connection with a tire pressure monitoring system does not present any difficulties for the person skilled in the art for wiring harnesses, so that the assembly of the “first” connecting parts attached to the wiring harness is readily guaranteed at the correct installation locations.
- ◆ Not only the identifiers of the installation locations of the actually installed receiving antennas can be stored in the evaluation and control device, but also other installation locations which are only available in model variants of the vehicle occur, or even installation locations on trailers, which are only carried occasionally. For example, in a more expensive model variant, each wheel could be assigned an assembly comprising a receiving antenna, an RF receiver with a demodulator, a circuit arrangement for generating an identification signal and a BUS interface. In a cheaper model variant, one could be limited to assigning a subassembly or assembly to the wheels arranged on a common axle. In an even cheaper model variant, one could assign a common, centrally arranged assembly or construction unit to all wheels of a vehicle. In an additional variant, one could take into account that a single-axle trailer, for example a caravan, on whose wheels a tire pressure monitoring should also take place, can be attached. In a further variant, one could provide that a two-axle trailer can be attached in which the wheels are to be monitored for the tire pressure with the help of one or more such assemblies or units. A large number of variants for different installation locations can be created from the outset in the central evaluation and control device, with each possible installation location being assigned and stored with its own identifier, which is different from the identifiers of all other possible installation locations.
- ◆ Different cable harnesses with differently coded "first" connecting parts of plug connectors can be used for different model variants and equipment variants of the vehicle in a manner known per se. Thus, the system according to the invention can be used with identical assemblies or assemblies comprising a receiving antenna, HF receiver with demodulator, circuit arrangement for generating an identification signal and BUS interface and with identical evaluation and control devices for all model variants and equipment variants of the vehicles without further adaptation, which for the Vehicle assembly and for repair and maintenance purposes is extremely advantageous.
So kann z.B. für den Fall, daß ein Anhänger Berücksichtigung finden soll, bereits bei der Montage einer Anhängerkupplung die für diese Ausstattungsvariante erforderliche Steckverbinderkodierung erfolgen, weil im Zusammenhang mit der Montage der Anhängerkupplung ohnehin ein elektrischer Kuppler für den Anschluß eines Anhängers montiert werden muß.For example, in the event that a trailer is to be taken into account, the connector coding required for this equipment variant is already made when installing a trailer coupling, because in connection with the installation of the trailer coupling an electrical coupler for connecting a trailer must be installed anyway.
Erfindungsgemäß wird das "erste" Verbindungsteil des dem Einbauort der jeweiligen Empfangsantenne zugeordneten Steckverbinders so ausgebildet, daß es eine Kennung in elektrisch - mechanischer Form bereitstellt. Darunter wird verstanden, daß sich die ersten Verbindungsteile der Steckverbinder im mechanischen Aufbau unterscheiden und daß sich nach dem Zusammenstecken eines ersten Verbindungsteils mit einem zweiten Verbindungsteil diese Unterschiede elektrisch auf die beim HF-Empfänger vorgesehene Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung eines digitalen elektrischen Kennungssignales auswirken, nämlich so, daß dieses ein von der Kennung des ersten Verbindungsteils bestimmtes digitales elektrisches Kennungssignal erzeugt und übermittelt. Welchen Aufbau diese digitalen Kennungssignale haben, wird durch den Aufbau der Schaltungsanordnung vorbestimmt. Die Schaltungsanordnung ist so ausgebildet, daß sie für alle möglichen Einbauorte einer Empfangsantenne ein vorgegebenes, für den jeweiligen Einbauort kennzeichnendes Kennungssignal erzeugen und übermitteln kann.According to the invention, the "first" connecting part of the connector assigned to the installation location of the respective receiving antenna is designed such that it provides an identifier in an electrical-mechanical form. This is understood to mean that the first connecting parts of the plug connectors differ in their mechanical construction and that after a first connecting part is plugged together with a second connecting part, these differences have an electrical effect on the circuit arrangement provided in the HF receiver for generating a digital electrical identification signal, namely, that this generates and transmits a digital electrical identification signal determined by the identification of the first connecting part. Which structure these digital identification signals have is predetermined by the structure of the circuit arrangement. The circuit arrangement is designed in such a way that it can generate and transmit a predetermined identification signal, which characterizes the respective installation location, for all possible installation locations of a receiving antenna.
Für den Anschluß an einen BUS benötigt der Steckverbinder eine von der gewählten BUS-Struktur bestimmte Anzahl von Kontaktpaaren. Um darüber hinaus eine vom Einbauort der Empfangsantenne bestimmte elektrisch - mechanische Kennung bereitstellen zu können, sind vorzugsweise mehrere zusätzliche Kontaktpaare im Steckverbinder vorgesehen, wobei die Kontaktpaare zweckmäßigerweise jeweils aus einem Kontaktstift und einer zugehörigen Kontaktbuchse bestehen, wobei es gleichgültig ist, ob die Kontaktstifte am ersten Verbindungsteil und die Kontaktbuchsen am zweiten Verbindungsteil des Steckverbinders vorgesehen sind oder umgekehrt. Während die zusätzlichen Kontaktstifte oder Kontaktbuchsen am zweiten Verbindungsteil des Steckverbinders für alle möglichen Einbauorte in identischer Weise vorgesehen, angeordnet und mit der Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung des digitalen elektrischen Kennungssignales verbunden sind, gibt es abhängig vom vorgesehenen Einbauort im ersten Verbindungsteil Unterschiede in der Anzahl und / oder in der Anordnung der zusätzlichen Kontaktstifte bzw. Kontaktbuchsen und / oder Unterschiede hinsichtlich ihrer Verbindung mit einer elektrische Spannung führenden Leitung des Bordnetzes des Fahrzeuges oder mit Masse, wobei dieses für jeden möglichen Einbauort unterschiedlich gewählt wird. So kann man z.B. aus den im ersten Verbindungsteil des Steckverbinders vorgesehenen zusätzlichen Kontaktstiften bzw. Kontaktbuchsen für jeden möglichen Einbauort zwei verschiedene Kontaktstifte bzw. Kontaktbuchsen auswählen und von diesen den einen mit Masse und den anderen mit einer Spannung führenden Leitung verbinden. Je nach dem, auf welchen beiden Kontaktbuchsen oder -stiften dieses erfolgt, wirs die Schaltungsanordnung dadurch, daß sie auf unterschiedlichen Eingängen Spannung erhält, gesteuert, und erzeugt ein durch die ausgewählte Belegung der zusätzlichen Kontaktstifte bzw. Kontaktbuchsen mit Masse und Spannung bestimmtes Kennungssignal und fügt es einem jeden Datentelegramm hinzu, welches an das Auswerte- und Steuergerät weitergeleitet wird. So läßt sich mit einer Anzahl n von zusätzlichen Kontaktpaaren zwischen 2" Einbauorten unterscheiden.To connect to a BUS, the connector requires a number of contact pairs determined by the selected BUS structure. In order to be able to provide an electrical-mechanical identifier determined by the installation location of the receiving antenna, several additional contact pairs are preferably provided in the plug connector, the contact pairs each advantageously consisting of a contact pin and an associated contact socket, it being immaterial whether the contact pins are at the first Connecting part and the contact sockets are provided on the second connecting part of the connector or vice versa. While the additional contact pins or contact sockets on the second connecting part of the connector for all possible Installation locations provided in an identical manner, arranged and connected to the circuit arrangement for generating the digital electrical identification signal, there are differences in the number and / or in the arrangement of the additional contact pins or contact sockets and / or differences with regard to the installation location provided in the first connecting part their connection to an electrical voltage-carrying line of the vehicle electrical system or to ground, this being chosen differently for each possible installation location. For example, one can select two different contact pins or contact sockets for each possible installation location from the additional contact pins or contact sockets provided in the first connecting part of the connector and connect one of them to ground and the other to a live line. Depending on the two contact sockets or pins on which this is done, the circuit arrangement is controlled by receiving voltage at different inputs, and generates an identification signal determined by the selected assignment of the additional contact pins or contact sockets with ground and voltage, and adds it to every data telegram that is forwarded to the evaluation and control unit. A number n of additional contact pairs can be used to distinguish between 2 "installation locations.
Obwohl sich die "ersten" Verbindungsteile in ihrer Kontaktbelegung unterscheiden, passen sie jedoch sämtlich auf die vorzugsweise übereinstimmenden "zweiten" Verbindungsteile der Steckverbinder und bilden somit eine Familie von Verbindungsteilen, welche in ihrem Grundaufbau übereinstimmen, sich aber in der Anzahl und / oder Anordnung der zusätzlichen Kontakte und / oder ihre Belegung mit Spannung und Masse unterscheiden können. Die Zuordnung der damit möglichen Varianten der "ersten" Verbindungsteile zu unterschiedlichen Einbauorten kann für alle Fahrzeuge einer Modellfamilie gleich bleiben und paßt für alle Ausstattungsvarianten einer Modellfamilie.Although the "first" connecting parts differ in their contact assignment, however, they all fit onto the preferably matching "second" connecting parts of the plug connectors and thus form a family of connecting parts which have the same basic structure but differ in the number and / or arrangement of the can distinguish additional contacts and / or their assignment with voltage and ground. The assignment of the possible variants of the "first" connecting parts to different installation locations can remain the same for all vehicles in a model family and is suitable for all equipment variants in a model family.
Anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen werden vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung beschrieben.
- Figur 1
- zeigt schematisch in einer Blockdarstellung die Anordnung der wesentlichen Bestandteile eines Reifendrucküberwachungssystems in einem Fahrzeug unter Nutzung eines in dem Fahrzeug installierten BUS-Systems,
- Figur 2
- zeigt schematisch in einer Blockdarstellung ein Beispiel einer Kodierung des Einbauortes einer Empfangsantenne mit Hilfe eines entsprechend kodierten Steckverbinders, und
- Figur 3
- zeigt in einer Blockdarstellung ähnlich der Figur 1 an einem Beispiel eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Anhänger, wie erfindungsgemäß von vornherein unterschiedliche Ausstattungsvarianten Berücksichtigung finden können.
- Figure 1
- schematically shows in a block diagram the arrangement of the essential components of a tire pressure monitoring system in a vehicle using a BUS system installed in the vehicle,
- Figure 2
- shows schematically in a block diagram an example of a coding of the installation location of a receiving antenna using a correspondingly coded connector, and
- Figure 3
- shows in a block diagram similar to FIG. 1, using an example of a vehicle with a trailer, how different equipment variants can be taken into account from the outset according to the invention.
Gleiche oder einander entsprechende Teile sind in den verschiedenen Figuren mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszahlen bezeichnet.The same or corresponding parts are identified in the different figures with the same reference numerals.
Figur 1 zeigt schematisch vier Räder 1 eines Fahrzeugs 2, insbesondere eines Automobils. An jedem Rad 1 ist eine Radelektronik 3 angebracht. Die Radelektroniken 3 sind untereinander gleich und haben in Bezug auf das jeweilige Rad 1 übereinstimmende Einbaulagen. Jede Radelektronik 3 enthält (nicht dargestellt) eine elektrische Batterie, einen vorzugsweise piezo-elektrisch arbeitenden Drucksensor mit zugehöriger Meß- und Steuerelektronik sowie einen Sender mit einer HF-Stufe, welche eine Sendeantenne speist. Der Sender sendet vom Drucksensor gewonnene und von der Meß- und Steuerelektronik verarbeitete Drucksignale in Gestalt von digitalen HF-Signalen aus, welche darüberhinaus ein die Herkunft von einer bestimmten Radelektronik 3 charakterisierendes Identifikationssignal enthalten.Figure 1 shows schematically four wheels 1 of a vehicle 2, in particular an automobile. Wheel electronics 3 are attached to each wheel 1. The wheel electronics 3 are identical to one another and have matching installation positions with respect to the respective wheel 1. Each wheel electronics 3 contains (not shown) an electric battery, a preferably piezo-electric pressure sensor with associated measurement and control electronics and a transmitter with an HF stage which feeds a transmission antenna. The transmitter sends out pressure signals obtained from the pressure sensor and processed by the measuring and control electronics in the form of digital HF signals, which also contain an identification signal that characterizes the origin of certain wheel electronics 3.
Jedem Rad 1 benachbart ist in dem ihn umgebenden Radkasten der Karosserie des Fahrzeugs 2 eine Empfangsantenne 4 vorgesehen. Jeder Empfangsantenne 4 ist ein einkanaliger HF-Empfänger 5 in Verbindung mit einem Demodulator 6, mit einer Schaltungsanordnung 7 zur Erzeugung eines Kennungssignals und mit einer BUS-Schnittstelle 19 zugeordnet, und zwar bilden diese jeweils eine Baueinheit 20, welche durch einen BUS 17 mit einem zentralen Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 verbunden ist, welches sich z. B. hinter einem Armaturenbrett des Fahrzeugs 1 befinden kann.A reception antenna 4 is provided adjacent to each wheel 1 in the wheel arch of the body of the vehicle 2 surrounding it. Each receiving antenna 4 is assigned a single-channel RF receiver 5 in connection with a demodulator 6, with a circuit arrangement 7 for generating an identification signal and with a BUS interface 19, each of which forms a structural unit 20 which is connected by a BUS 17 to a Central evaluation and control unit 8 is connected, which z. B. can be located behind a dashboard of the vehicle 1.
Das Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 enthält am Eingang eine BUS-Schnittstelle 18, einen Mikroprozessor 10 für eine Signalauswertung und für Steuerungsaufgaben, einen BUS-Treiber 11 in einer BUS-Schnittstelle 12, über welche Warnsignale und andere Informationen über den Reifendruck über den BUS 17 am Armaturenbrett zur Anzeige gebracht sowie Signale für die Bedienung und Einstellung des Auswerte- und Steuergerätes 8 übermittelt werden können. Ferner hat das Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 einen Treiber 13 für eine Diagnoseschnittsteile 14. Die Spannungsversorgung des Auswerte- und Steuergerätes 8 erfolgt aus dem Bordnetz, symbolisch dargestellt durch Verbindung des Auswerte- und Steuergerätes 8 mit einer Batterie 15 des Fahrzeugs. Die Spannungsversorgung der Baueinheiten 20 erfolgt über das Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 und über Leitungen des BUS 17.At the input, the evaluation and control device 8 contains a BUS interface 18, a microprocessor 10 for signal evaluation and for control tasks, a BUS driver 11 in a BUS interface 12, via which warning signals and other information about the tire pressure via the BUS 17 displayed on the dashboard and signals for the operation and setting of the evaluation and control unit 8 can be transmitted. Furthermore, the evaluation and control unit 8 has a driver 13 for a diagnostic interface part 14. The voltage supply of the evaluation and control unit 8 comes from the vehicle electrical system, symbolically represented by connecting the evaluation and control unit 8 to a battery 15 of the vehicle. The modules 20 are supplied with voltage via the evaluation and control unit 8 and via lines of the BUS 17.
Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Reifendrucküberwachungssystem arbeitet folgendermaßen:The tire pressure monitoring system shown in Figure 1 operates as follows:
Die Radelektroniken 3 senden HF-Signale aus, welche ein Datentelegramm mit einer Präambel, mit einem die sendende Radelektronik 3 kennzeichnenden Identifikationssignal, ein Meßsignal und eine Postambel enthalten. Diese HF-Signale werden von den Antennen 4 empfangen, demoduliert, dekodiert, um ein in der Schaltungsanordnung 7 erzeugtes Kennungssignal ergänzt, welches den Einbauort der jeweiligen Empfangsantenne 4 charakterisiert, und der BUS-Schnittstelle 19 zugeleitet, welche einen BUS-Treiber enthält, welcher das Datenprotokoll des im Fahrzeug installierten BUS-Systems erzeugt und das von der Radelektronik 3 stammende Datentelegramm über den BUS 17 an das zentrale Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 weiterleitet, wo es von der BUS-Schnittstelle 18 empfangen und im Mikroprozessor 10 ausgewertet wird. Der Mikroprozessor 10 vergleicht das im Datentelegramm enthaltene Kennungssignal, welches für den Einbauort der betreffenden Empfangsantenne 4 charakteristisch ist, mit den im Mikroprozessor 10 gespeicherten Kennungen aller möglicher Einbauorte von Empfangsantennen 4 und erkennt daraus im Falle einer Übereinstimmung, von welcher der Empfangsantennen 4 das ihm übermittelte Datentelegramm stammt.The wheel electronics 3 emit RF signals which contain a data telegram with a preamble, with an identification signal characterizing the transmitting wheel electronics 3, a measurement signal and a postamble. These RF signals are received by the antennas 4, demodulated, decoded, supplemented by an identification signal generated in the circuit arrangement 7, which the Characterized installation location of the respective receiving antenna 4, and fed to the BUS interface 19, which contains a BUS driver, which generates the data protocol of the BUS system installed in the vehicle and the data telegram from the wheel electronics 3 via the BUS 17 to the central evaluation and forwards control unit 8, where it is received by the BUS interface 18 and evaluated in the microprocessor 10. The microprocessor 10 compares the identifier signal contained in the data telegram, which is characteristic of the installation location of the receiving antenna 4 in question, with the identifiers of all possible installation locations of receiving antennas 4 stored in the microprocessor 10 and, if there is a match, recognizes from which of the receiving antennas 4 the one transmitted to it Data telegram comes from.
Das Kennungssignal, welches von der Schaltungsanordnung 7 erzeugt wird, wird dadurch bestimmt, welcher der Steckverbinder 21, mit welchen die Baueinheiten 20 mit dem BUS 17 verbunden sind, dem Einbauort einer ausgewählten Empfangsantenne 4 zugeordnet ist. Dies soll anhand der Figur 2 erläutert werden, welche in Blockdarstellung eine der Baueinheiten 20 darstellt, welche eine Empfangsantenne 4, einen HF-Empfänger 5 mit Demodulator 6, eine Schaltungsanordnung 7 zur Erzeugung des Kennungssignals und eine BUS-Schnittstelle 19 mit einem BUS-Treiber enthält. Zum Anschluß der Baueinheit 20 an den BUS 17 ist ein Steckverbinder 21 vorgesehen, bestehend aus einem ersten Verbindungsteil 22 in Gestalt eines Steckers und aus einem zweiten Verbindungsteil 23 in Gestalt eines an der Baueinheit 20 angebrachten Kupplers. Über diesen Steckverbinder 21 werden über eine erste Leitung 24 und einen zugehörigen Kontaktstift 24a vom Bordnetz die erforderliche Versorgungsspannung U bat über mehrere Datenleitungen, von denen nur eine Datenleitung 25 dargestellt ist, und über eine entsprechende Anzahl Kontaktstifte 25a Daten übertragen, über eine weitere Leitung 26 und einen zugehörigen Kontaktstift 26a die nötige Masseverbindung hergestellt. Über drei weitere Leitungen 27, 28 und 29 werden drei zusätzliche Kontaktstifte 30, 31, 32 des Steckers 22 zur Kodierung des Einbauortes herangezogen, indem diese Kontaktstifte 30, 31 und 32 in einer für den Einbauort charakteristischen Weise mit Masse und mit der Batteriespannung U batt verbunden werden. Im dargestellten Beispiel sind z.B. die Kontaktstifte 30 und 31 mit Masse verbunden und der Kontaktstift 32 führt gegenüber der Masse die Batteriespannung U batt. Die zusätzlichen Kontaktstifte 30, 31 und 32 stecken in entsprechend angeordneten Kontaktbuchsen 34 des Kuppiers 23, welche mit der Schaltungsanordnung 7 verbunden sind und diese entsprechend der Belegung der Kontaktstifte 30, 31 und 32 so steuern, daß sie ein von der Belegung der Kontaktstifte 30, 31 und 32 bestimmtes Kennungssignal erzeugt und dem Treiber in der BUS-Schnittstelle 19 übergibt, damit dieser es dem Datentelegramm hinzufügt, welches dann über die Datenleitungen 25 an das zentrale Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 übermittelt wird.The identification signal which is generated by the circuit arrangement 7 is determined by which of the plug connectors 21, with which the structural units 20 are connected to the BUS 17, is assigned to the installation location of a selected receiving antenna 4. This is to be explained with reference to FIG. 2, which in block form represents one of the structural units 20, which has a receiving antenna 4, an RF receiver 5 with demodulator 6, a circuit arrangement 7 for generating the identification signal and a BUS interface 19 with a BUS driver contains. To connect the unit 20 to the BUS 17, a connector 21 is provided, consisting of a first connecting part 22 in the form of a plug and a second connecting part 23 in the form of a coupler attached to the unit 20. Via this connector 21, the required supply voltage U bat is transmitted via a first line 24 and an associated contact pin 24a from the vehicle electrical system via a plurality of data lines, of which only one data line 25 is shown, and a corresponding number of contact pins 25a, via a further line 26 and an associated contact pin 26a establishes the necessary ground connection. Via three further lines 27, 28 and 29, three additional contact pins 30, 31, 32 of the plug 22 are used for coding the installation location by placing these contact pins 30, 31 and 32 in one for the installation location characteristic way to be connected to ground and with the battery voltage U batt. In the example shown, the contact pins 30 and 31 are connected to ground and the contact pin 32 leads the battery voltage U batt to the ground. The additional contact pins 30, 31 and 32 are inserted in correspondingly arranged contact sockets 34 of the coupling 23, which are connected to the circuit arrangement 7 and control them in accordance with the assignment of the contact pins 30, 31 and 32 in such a way that they prevent the contact pins 30, 31 and 32 generates a specific identification signal and transmits it to the driver in the BUS interface 19 so that it adds it to the data telegram, which is then transmitted to the central evaluation and control unit 8 via the data lines 25.
Figur 3 zeigt schematisch ein Fahrzeug 2 mit einem einachsigen Anhänger 35. Im Fahrzeug sind sieben Einbauorte P1 bis P7 für Empfangsantennen vorgesehen, am Anhänger 35 ein weiterer Einbauort P8. Nicht alle Einbauorte P1 bis P7 sind mit einer Empfangsantenne 4 in Verbindung mit einer Baueinheit 20 belegt. Bei einer Ausstattungsvariante wie in Figur 1 dargestellt sind im Fahrzeug 2 die Einbauorte P1, P3, P4 und P6 belegt. Bei einer preiswerteren Version wären z.B. nur die Einbauorte P2 (eine gemeinsame Baueinheit 20 für die beiden Vorderräder) und der Einbauort P5 (eine gemeinsame Baueinheit 20 für die Hinterräder) belegt. Bei einer noch preiswerteren Ausführungsform wäre nur der Einbauort P7 z.B. an einer zentralen Stelle unterhalb des Bodenblechs der Karrosserie mit einer Baueinheit 20 belegt. Für den Anhänger 35 ist in diesem Fall nur eine einzige Ausstattungsvariante vorgesehen, nämlich eine einzige Baueinheit 20 für die beiden einzigen auf einer gemeinsamen Achse sitzenden Räder 1. Auch im Anhänger 35 könnte aber jedem der beiden Räder 1 eine eigene Baueinheit 20 zugeordnet sein.FIG. 3 schematically shows a vehicle 2 with a single-axle trailer 35. In the vehicle, seven installation locations P1 to P7 are provided for receiving antennas, and another installation location P8 on trailer 35. Not all installation locations P1 to P7 are occupied by a receiving antenna 4 in connection with a structural unit 20. In an equipment variant as shown in Figure 1, the installation locations P1, P3, P4 and P6 are occupied in the vehicle 2. A cheaper version would e.g. only the installation locations P2 (a common assembly 20 for the two front wheels) and the installation location P5 (a common assembly 20 for the rear wheels) are occupied. In an even cheaper embodiment, only the installation location P7 would be e.g. at a central point below the floor panel of the body with a unit 20. In this case, only a single equipment variant is provided for the trailer 35, namely a single structural unit 20 for the two only wheels 1 seated on a common axle. In the trailer 35, however, each of the two wheels 1 could also be assigned its own structural unit 20.
Aus der Kenntnis der Einbauorte P1 bis P8, von welchen ein Datentelegramm im Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 ankommt, weiß dieses jedoch noch nicht, von welchem der Räder 1 das Datentelegramm stammt, denn grundsätzlich kann jede Empfangsantenne 4 Signale von jedem der Räder 1 empfangen. Die einem bestimmten Rad 1 am nächsten liegende Empfangsantenne 4 wird jedoch im Mittel die von der Radelektronik 3 an diesem Rad ausgesandten Signale mit größerer Intenstiät (Empfangsamplitude) empfangen als von den weiter entfernten Radelektroniken an den anderen Rädern. Durch einen Intensitätsvergleich der von einer bestimmten Empfangsantenne 4 aufgefangenen Signale kann deshalb ermittelt werden, welche Radelektronik an einer bestimmten Empfangsantenne 4 die höchste Signalintensität erzeugt, so daß aus der Signalintensität darauf geschlossen werden kann, von welcher Radelektronik und damit von welchem Rad eines Fahrzeuges ein bestimmtes Signal kommt. Wie ein solcher Intensitätsvergleich durchgeführt und zur Ermittlung der Radposition herangezogen werden kann, ist in der DE 196 08 478 A1 offenbart. Die jeweilige Radelektronik sendet zu diesem Zweck mit ihrem Datentelegramm auch ein Identifikationssignal aus, welches für die jeweilige Radelektronik 3 charakteristisch ist. Damit das Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 eine Auswertung der Intensitäten der empfangenen Signale vornehmen kann, muß mit dem Datentelegramm, welches ihm über den BUS 17 übermittelt wird, auch noch eine Information über die Intensität des von der jeweiligen Empfangsantenne 4 empfangenen Signals, z.B. eine Information über die empfangene Signalfeldstärke, mitübertragen werden. Diese Information wird in der Fachsprache mit der Abkürzung RSSI bezeichnet (Received Signal Strength Indicator = Maß für die Empfangsfeldstärke). Um dieses zu ermöglichen, gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten:From knowledge of the installation locations P1 to P8, from which a data telegram arrives in the evaluation and control unit 8, this does not yet know from which of the wheels 1 the data telegram comes, because in principle anybody can Receive antenna 4 receive signals from each of the wheels 1. However, the receiving antenna 4 closest to a particular wheel 1 will on average receive the signals emitted by the wheel electronics 3 on this wheel with greater intensity (reception amplitude) than from the more distant wheel electronics on the other wheels. By comparing the intensity of the signals picked up by a specific receiving antenna 4, it is therefore possible to determine which wheel electronics produce the highest signal intensity at a specific receiving antenna 4, so that it can be concluded from the signal intensity which wheel electronics and thus which wheel of a vehicle a specific one Signal is coming. DE 196 08 478 A1 discloses how such an intensity comparison can be carried out and used to determine the wheel position. For this purpose, the respective wheel electronics system also sends an identification signal with its data telegram, which is characteristic of the respective wheel electronics system 3. So that the evaluation and control device 8 can evaluate the intensities of the received signals, the data telegram which is transmitted to it via the BUS 17 must also provide information about the intensity of the signal received by the respective receiving antenna 4, for example information transmitted via the received signal field strength. This information is in the technical language by the acronym RSSI designated (R eceived S ignal S trength I ndicator = measure of the reception field strength). There are several ways to do this:
Im einkanaligen HF-Empfänger 5 kann ein analoges Signal erzeugt werden, dessen Stärke proportional zum RSSI-Pegel des über Funk empfangenen Signals ist. Das analoge Signal kann z.B. dadurch erzeugt werden, daß das empfangene Signal verzweigt und ein Zweig mittels eines Kondensators integriert wird. Die sich am Kondensator aufbauende Spannung ist dann ein Maß für den empfangenen RSSI-Pegel.An analog signal can be generated in the single-channel RF receiver 5, the strength of which is proportional to the RSSI level of the signal received by radio. The analog signal can be generated, for example, by branching the received signal and integrating a branch by means of a capacitor. The voltage building up on the capacitor is then a measure of the RSSI level received.
Das analoge Signal kann als Gleichspannung oder als eingeprägter Gleichstrom über eine Leitung des BUS 17 zum zentralen Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 übertragen werden.The analog signal can be transmitted as a DC voltage or as an impressed DC current via a line of the BUS 17 to the central evaluation and control device 8.
Andererseits ist es möglich, den einkanaligen HF-Empfänger 5 so auszubilden, daß er den RSSI-Pegel der über Funk empfangenen Signale vor Ort auswertet, den RSSI-Pegel in ein digitales Signal wandelt und dieses digitale RSSI-Signal zusammen mit dem über Funk empfangenen und dann demodulierten, digitalen Empfangssignal zum zentralen Auswerte- und Steuergerät 8 überträgt. Die Übertragung des digitalen RSSI-Signals kann vor oder nach dem demodulierten digitalen Empfangssignal erfolgen.On the other hand, it is possible to design the single-channel RF receiver 5 in such a way that it evaluates the RSSI level of the signals received via radio on site, converts the RSSI level into a digital signal and this digital RSSI signal together with that received via radio and then transmits demodulated, digital received signal to the central evaluation and control unit 8. The digital RSSI signal can be transmitted before or after the demodulated digital received signal.
Wenn nicht für jedes einzelne Rad 1 eine eigene Baueinheit 20 vorgesehen ist, sondern nur für je zwei Räder 1 auf einer gemeinsamen Achse eine eigene Baueinheit 20 oder für ein vierrädriges Fahrzeug nur eine einzige Baueinheit 20 vorgesehen ist, dann kann eine Zuordnung der Signale zu den verschiedenen Radpositionen dadurch erfolgen, daß in der Radelektronik 3 zusätzlich noch ein oder zwei Beschleunigungssensoren vorgesehen sind, welche Informationen über den Bewegungszustand des jeweiligen Rades 1 zu ermitteln erlauben, wie die Drehzahl, die Tangentialbeschleunigung und Unterschiede über die Rollwege, woraus sich eindeutig zwischen rechten Rädern und linken Rädern sowie vorderen Rädern und hinteren Rädern unterscheiden läßt. Wie das möglich ist, ist in den deutschen Patentanmeldungen 197 35 686.9 , 198 56 861.4 und 100 12 458.5 offenbart.If a separate assembly 20 is not provided for each individual wheel 1, but only a separate assembly 20 is provided for two wheels 1 on a common axle, or only a single assembly 20 is provided for a four-wheel vehicle, then the signals can be assigned to the Different wheel positions take place in that in the wheel electronics 3 additionally one or two acceleration sensors are provided, which allow information about the state of motion of the respective wheel 1 to be determined, such as the speed, the tangential acceleration and differences over the taxiways, which clearly shows between right wheels and left wheels and front wheels and rear wheels can be distinguished. How this is possible is disclosed in German patent applications 197 35 686.9, 198 56 861.4 and 100 12 458.5.
Claims (11)
- Arrangement on vehicles equipped with wheels (1) with pneumatic tires, having an evaluation and control unit (8) arranged in the vehicle (2) and one or more receiving antennas (4), that are assigned to individual wheels (1) or groups of wheels (1) of the vehicle (2) and are connected to the evaluation and control unit (8) via an RF receiver (5) comprising a demodulator (6),
for use in a tire-pressure monitoring system in which a unit (3), that is mounted on the respective wheel (1) and that comprises- a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the pneumatic tire and for generating an electric pressure-measurement signal,- a control circuit and- a transmitter with a sending antenna for sending out, under the control of the control circuit, the pressure-measuring signal or a signal derived therefrom in the form of a radio-frequency signal,characterized in that each receiving antenna (4) has assigned to it a separate RF receiver (5) in combination with a demodulator (6), a circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of a digital electric identification signal characteristic of the mounting location of the respective receiving antenna (4), and a BUS interface (19),
that the evaluation and control unit (8) comprises a BUS interface (18),
that the two BUS interfaces (18, 19) are connected one to the other by a BUS (17), for which purpose a plug-in connector (21) is provided which is connected to the BUS (17) by a first connector element (22) and to the BUS interface (19) of the RF receiver (5) by a second connector element (23), and that the first connector element (22) of the plug-in connector is designed so as to provide an identifier in electric/mechanical form and to supply it to the circuit arrangement (7) provided on the side of the RF receiver (5), through its connection to the second connector element (23), for the generation of the digital electric identification signal characteristic of the identifier of the first connector element (22). - The arrangement as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that each receiving antenna (4) and its associated RF receiver (5) with demodulator (6), the circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of the identification signal and the BUS interface (19) are combined to one module (20).
- The arrangement as defined in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the RF receivers (5) with demodulator (6) and the circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of the identification signal are connected to the wiring of the motor vehicle (2) via the BUS interface (19).
- The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each wheel (1) of the vehicle (2) has associated to it a separate receiving antenna (4) arranged in its neighborhood.
- The arrangement as defined in any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a common receiving antenna (4) is assigned to the wheels (1) mounted on a common axle of the vehicle (2).
- The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of trailers (35) with wheels (1), having likewise one or more receiving antennas (4) for monitoring the tire pressure of their wheels (1 ), with an RF receiver (5) in combination with a modulator (6), a circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of a characteristic identification signal and a BUS interface (19) associated to each antenna, an additional plug-in connector (21) is provided in the BUS system between the vehicle (1) and its trailer (35) for connecting the BUS interface (19) of the trailer (35) to the BUS (17) in the vehicle (2).
- The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (20),
consisting of the receiving antenna (4), the RF receiver (5), the modulator (6), the circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of identification signals, and the BUS interface (19), are identical one to the other. - The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two elements (22, 23) of the plug-in connector (21) each comprise, for electric/mechanical coding purposes, a plurality of additional contact pairs, each consisting of a contact pin (30, 31, 32) and a matching contact jack (34), with at least one of the additional contact pins (30, 31) or contact jacks of the first connector element (22) of the plug-in connector (21) being connected to ground and another one of the contact pins (32) or contact jacks being connected to a line (26) of the vehicle wiring carrying a voltage over ground, and that the selection and pole-connection of those contact pins (30, 31, 32) or contact jacks is different for each possible mounting location of receiving antennas (4) envisaged, but remains equal for all vehicles of one model family.
- The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug-in connector (21) consists of a plug (22) arranged on the BUS (17) and of a coupler (23) arranged on the BUS interface (19) associated to the receiving antenna (4).
- The arrangement as defined in Claim 9, characterized in that the coupler (23) is fixed on a housing that contains the RF receiver (5) with the modulator (6), the circuit arrangement (7) for the generation of identification signals and the BUS interface (19).
- The arrangement as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the BUS (17) is part of a cable harness on which the first connector elements (23) for the different mounting locations of the receiving antennas are mounted.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10014949A DE10014949B4 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-03-22 | Device on wheeled vehicles having pneumatic tires for use in a tire pressure monitoring system |
DE10014949 | 2000-03-22 | ||
PCT/EP2001/001175 WO2001070520A1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2001-02-03 | Device mounted on vehicles with pneumatic-tired wheels, for use in a tire pressure monitoring system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1265760A1 EP1265760A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
EP1265760B1 true EP1265760B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP01903695A Expired - Lifetime EP1265760B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2001-02-03 | Device mounted on vehicles with pneumatic-tired wheels, for use in a tire pressure monitoring system |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6972671B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1265760B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4582753B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE265327T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10014949B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2218377T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001070520A1 (en) |
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2000
- 2000-03-22 DE DE10014949A patent/DE10014949B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2001-02-03 ES ES01903695T patent/ES2218377T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-03 EP EP01903695A patent/EP1265760B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-03 US US10/239,537 patent/US6972671B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2001-02-03 AT AT01903695T patent/ATE265327T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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ES2218377T3 (en) | 2004-11-16 |
WO2001070520A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
DE10014949A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
EP1265760A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
JP2003528378A (en) | 2003-09-24 |
JP4582753B2 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
DE50102138D1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
US20040055370A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
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