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EP1247429B1 - Heating element with integrated heat safety device - Google Patents

Heating element with integrated heat safety device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1247429B1
EP1247429B1 EP01903905A EP01903905A EP1247429B1 EP 1247429 B1 EP1247429 B1 EP 1247429B1 EP 01903905 A EP01903905 A EP 01903905A EP 01903905 A EP01903905 A EP 01903905A EP 1247429 B1 EP1247429 B1 EP 1247429B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
fuse
thermal
heater device
electrical heater
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01903905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1247429A1 (en
EP1247429B2 (en
Inventor
Pascal Hantz
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SEB SA
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SEB SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • H05B1/0205—Switches using a fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric heating element of the type armored element and more particularly the integration of a security device thermal to this element.
  • This protective element therefore corresponds to a fuse placed in series with the heating element in the tubular casing, requiring connection intermediate. Furthermore, the confinement of the fuse within the element heater is a source of possible re-ionization of the gas around the fuse when the latter is vaporized by overheating of the device, which can lead to within the insulating material, to close the electrical supply circuit from to be open. This possibility of malfunction of the safety device must be avoided as much as possible as its consequences can be serious.
  • a heating element 70 comprises a spiral resistance 72 contained in a first tube 71 within an insulating powder 73.
  • the spiral resistance 72 is held by two connection pins 78a and 78b through two closure beads 74a and 74b arranged in the ends of this first tube 71.
  • a thermal protection fuse 77 is housed between the pearl 74b and a third end bead 76b arranged on a second tube 75 containing the first tube. This fuse is connected to pin 78b as well as to pin 78c connected to the electrical supply circuit.
  • a fourth pearl 76a, crossed by pin 78a ensures the plugging of the second tube.
  • the fuse is certainly not housed within the heating element, but it remains confined between two cork beads, which does not does not completely eliminate the risks of re-ionization of the surrounding gas after tripping, the pearl 76b constituting in particular a thermal brake. Moreover, inserting the fuse requires a specific connection. Overall, four beads and two tubes are thus necessary to obtain an element heater with a thermal fuse at one end, which significantly increases the cost price of the whole.
  • the document DE 4243894 A1 describes an electric heating device consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by a insulator, said heating element being connected to an electrical supply circuit by rods and connection pins, said tubular casing comprising, at one end, a thermal fuse housed in a separate volume from that where the heating element is placed. The the fuse is however confined in a volume closed by two plug beads.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the art by presenting an electric heating device consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by insulation, said heating element being connected to a supply circuit electric by connecting rods and pins, said tubular casing being provided with two cylindrical stopper beads arranged at its ends, at the minus one of these pearls, called a specific pearl, being in direct contact with the insulation surrounding the heating element, characterized in that the specific bead has a recess running axially through it, into which is inserted a thermal fuse electrically mounted in series with the heating element.
  • the heating element is in a spiral and mounted in tension in the tubular casing.
  • This configuration allows in particular the stopper beads, linked to ends of the heating element, to be maintained by resting on the ends of the tubular casing without any specific part.
  • the recess comprises a narrowing at the level of the end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which the fuse.
  • the narrowing made in the recess allows correct positioning and systematically the fuse in the recess, without any particular mechanical part. This also makes it possible to ensure the plugging of the tube with respect to the insulation. surrounding the heating element.
  • the thermal fuse has a housing inside which is housed a compression spring exerting a pressure between, on the one hand a thermal patch located at the end external of the housing and in contact with an external connection pin and other share a first central sliding disc pushed into abutment against a rod internal connection, and this against a restoring force exerted by a spring opening coaxial to the connecting rod.
  • the connecting rod is surrounded, within the thermal fuse, an isolator, also allowing to center and / or maintain the rod remote connection of the fuse box.
  • the thermal patch is located at the end of the housing of the fuse located outside the tubular casing.
  • connection pins Furthermore, direct contact between the patch and one of the connection pins external prevents re-ionization of the gas produced during the melting of the pellet, in particular by allowing the rapid flow of the calories generated.
  • a heating device 1 is presented in FIG. 2 in the form of what is commonly called an armored resistor.
  • This device includes a tubular casing 2 inside which is housed a heating element spiral 4 surrounded by insulation 3, like magnesia. Stopper beads of this insulation are arranged at each end of the tubular casing 2. At least one of these pearls, called a specific pearl as will be detailed below, is in direct contact with the insulation 3 surrounding the spiral heating element 4, as it is perfectly visible in figure 2. Preferably, the two stopper beads are in direct contact with said insulator.
  • the ends 6 of the heating element 4 are arranged, for example by welding, each around a cylindrical connection or a terminal 8 used to connect the heating element to the external electrical supply circuit.
  • This cylindrical connection is thus extended by an electrical connecting rod 10.
  • the second stopper bead is cylindrical and has a recess 18 passing through it axially.
  • This recess is intended to receive a thermal fuse 20.
  • the fuse will be mounted in the recess with the minimum of Game.
  • the recess has a narrowed zone in its internal part, this is to say located on the side of the heating element, in the form for example of a cone 21.
  • This cone cooperates with the thermal fuse 20 also having a conical part 22 to prevent the latter from sliding towards the element heating.
  • the spiral heating element is mounted in tension in the envelope tubular, so that the fuse undergoes a tensile force which tends to hold it against the conical part 22 of the recess, ensuring, at the same time a plugging of the heating element, but also the maintenance of the fuse, and jointly the holding the pearl 16 on the tubular casing.
  • the thermal fuse 20 is mounted in series with the heating element 4 by via the connecting rod 10. It is linked to the external supply circuit electric via a pin 12 carrying a connector 14. This fuse thus makes the link between the external electrical circuit and the interior of the tubular casing.
  • the fuse 20 can be housed either partially inside said envelope, either totally inside or completely outside of said envelope, according to the reaction characteristics desired thermal values for the protection device.
  • This fuse makes it possible to cut the electrical supply to the element heating in case of non-functioning of the regulating element of the device, causing the resistance to overheat.
  • the calibration of the fuse, as well as its position in the tubular casing 2 are adapted to the temperature obtained at the level of the pearl during overheating, lower temperature than within the heating element.
  • the thermal fuse 20 is detailed in FIGS. 3a and 3b which illustrate its state respectively before and after triggering, i.e. respectively in operating state and in cut-off state.
  • the thermal fuse 20 comprises a housing 23 inside which is housed a thermal tablet 24 having the particularity of vaporizing when subjected to a given, corresponding temperature in our case, overheating of the heating element.
  • This patch is arranged at the outer end, that is to say the furthest from the heating element, so as not to exhibit too great a reactivity which could cause it to vaporize while the heating element is not in a overheat state.
  • the fuse comprises a first compression spring 28 mounted between two discs 26. One of these discs is in contact with the pad 24, while the other ensures the connection between this first spring 28 and a third disc 30 arranged against the return force of a second spring 32.
  • the disc 30 is in contact with the connecting rod 10 immobilized in the housing 23 by an insulator 34, in particular using recesses 38 on the connecting rod.
  • the spring 28 constrains the internal disc 26 and the disc of contact 30 against the end of the connecting rod 10 ensuring, by the pad thermal continuity of the electrical supply circuit.
  • the disc 30 is in the form of a star contact so ensure good electrical contact.
  • Other forms are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the housing 23 has an opening 40 at the end where the thermal pad, at the connection with pin 12, allowing a direct contact between the pad 24 and the pin 12.
  • the box is vented through the cavity 18.
  • the thermal tablet volatilizes
  • the calories generated can mainly and quickly dissipate, both by exchange with the ambient air, thanks to the cavity 18, but also by conduction in the spindle 12.
  • the risks of ionization are then very low, which provides high reliability to device.
  • volatilization of the pellet causes the relaxation of the two springs 28 and 32 resulting in a mechanical equilibrium where in particular the disc 30 is no longer in contact with the connecting rod 10.
  • the electrical supply circuit of the element heating is then interrupted.
  • the use of a conventional thermal fuse to replace the terminal usual connection of the heating element, integrating the protection thermal resistance also allows direct temperature measurement by removing a diffuser, while making thermal inertia faster and More reliable.
  • the heating element is thus self-regulated.
  • the fuse is positioned in a single operation when fixing the stopper bead. It is therefore no longer a patch that requires additional steps for its integration within the heater. Assembly time and costs are thus reduced.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to armoured heating elements. The invention specifically relates to a heating device (1) consisting of a tubular envelope, wherein a heating element (4) surrounded by insulation (3) is arranged, said heating element (4) is connected to an electric supply circuit by connecting (14) rods and pins (10,12) and said tubular envelope (2) is provided with two cylindrical sealing beads (16) arranged in the ends thereof, whereby at least one of the beads known as a specific bead (16) is in direct contact with the insulation (3) surrounding the heating element (4); The invention is characterized in that the specific bead (16) comprises an axially transversal recess (18), wherein a thermal fuse (20) is inserted and electrically and serially mounted with said heating element (4).

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de chauffage électrique de type élément blindé et plus particulièrement l'intégration d'un dispositif de sécurité thermique à cet élément.The present invention relates to an electric heating element of the type armored element and more particularly the integration of a security device thermal to this element.

Dans le domaine des éléments chauffants de type blindé, c'est à dire comportant une enveloppe tubulaire à l'intérieur de laquelle est placé un élément chauffant noyé dans un isolant, il est connu, par le document DE 34 33 688, un corps de chauffe tubulaire contenant une spirale de fil résistif chauffante entourée d'une poudre de matière isolante telle de la magnésie. Un élément de protection thermique est relié en série à la spirale chauffante à l'intérieur du tube. Cet élément de protection est une perle fusible qui, en cas de surchauffe, libère un ressort de compression permettant d'interrompre définitivement le circuit d'alimentation de la spirale chauffante.In the field of armored type heating elements, that is to say comprising a tubular envelope inside which is placed a heating element embedded in an insulator, it is known from document DE 34 33 688, a body of tubular heater containing a spiral of resistive heating wire surrounded by a powder of insulating material such as magnesia. A protective element is connected in series to the heating spiral inside the tube. This protective element is a fusible pearl which, in the event of overheating, releases a compression spring to permanently interrupt the circuit feeding the heating spiral.

Cet élément de protection correspond donc à un fusible mis en série avec l'élément chauffant dans l'enveloppe tubulaire, nécessitant une connexion intermédiaire. Par ailleurs, le confinement du fusible au sein de l'élément chauffant est source d'une possible ré-ionisation du gaz autour du fusible lorsque ce dernier est vaporisé par une surchauffe du dispositif, pouvant conduire, au sein de la matière isolante, à refermer le circuit électrique d'alimentation venant d'être ouvert. Cette possibilité de dysfonctionnement du dispositif de sécurité doit être évitée autant que possible car ses conséquences peuvent être graves.This protective element therefore corresponds to a fuse placed in series with the heating element in the tubular casing, requiring connection intermediate. Furthermore, the confinement of the fuse within the element heater is a source of possible re-ionization of the gas around the fuse when the latter is vaporized by overheating of the device, which can lead to within the insulating material, to close the electrical supply circuit from to be open. This possibility of malfunction of the safety device must be avoided as much as possible as its consequences can be serious.

Le document JP 6267641 apporte un élément de réponse aux problèmes susmentionnés. L'élément chauffant présenté dans ce document est illustré figure 1. Ainsi un élément chauffant 70 comporte une résistance spiralée 72 contenue dans un premier tube 71 au sein d'une poudre isolante 73. La résistance spiralée 72 est maintenue par deux broches de connexion 78a et 78b au travers de deux perles de bouchage 74a et 74b agencées dans les extrémités de ce premier tube 71. Un fusible 77 de protection thermique est logé entre la perle 74b et une troisième perle 76b d'extrémité agencée sur un deuxième tube 75 contenant le premier tube. Ce fusible est connecté à la broche 78b ainsi qu'à une broche 78c reliée au circuit électrique d'alimentation. A son extrémité opposée, une quatrième perle 76a, traversée par la broche 78a assure le bouchage du second tube.Document JP 6267641 provides an element of response to the above-mentioned problems. The heating element presented in this document is illustrated in Figure 1. Thus a heating element 70 comprises a spiral resistance 72 contained in a first tube 71 within an insulating powder 73. The spiral resistance 72 is held by two connection pins 78a and 78b through two closure beads 74a and 74b arranged in the ends of this first tube 71. A thermal protection fuse 77 is housed between the pearl 74b and a third end bead 76b arranged on a second tube 75 containing the first tube. This fuse is connected to pin 78b as well as to pin 78c connected to the electrical supply circuit. At its opposite end, a fourth pearl 76a, crossed by pin 78a ensures the plugging of the second tube.

Dans ce dispositif, le fusible n'est certes pas logé au sein de l'élément chauffant, mais il n'en reste pas moins confiné entre deux perles de bouchage, ce qui ne supprime pas totalement les risques de ré-ionisation du gaz environnant après déclenchement, la perle 76b constituant notamment un frein thermique. De plus, l'insertion du fusible nécessite une connexion spécifique. Globalement, quatre perles et deux tubes sont ainsi nécessaires pour l'obtention d'un élément chauffant comportant un fusible thermique à l'une de ses extrémités, ce qui augmente de façon notable le prix de revient de l'ensemble.In this device, the fuse is certainly not housed within the heating element, but it remains confined between two cork beads, which does not does not completely eliminate the risks of re-ionization of the surrounding gas after tripping, the pearl 76b constituting in particular a thermal brake. Moreover, inserting the fuse requires a specific connection. Overall, four beads and two tubes are thus necessary to obtain an element heater with a thermal fuse at one end, which significantly increases the cost price of the whole.

Le document DE 4243894 A1 décrit un dispositif de chauffage éléctrique constitué d'une enveloppe tubulaire, à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant entouré d'un isolant, ledit élément chauffant étant reliè à un circuit d'alimentation éléctrique par des tiges et des broches de connexion, ladite enveloppe tubulaire comprenant, à une extremité, un fusible thermique logé dans un volume séparé de celui où est placé l'élément chauffant. Le fusible est cependant confiné dans un volume fermé par deux perles de bouchage.The document DE 4243894 A1 describes an electric heating device consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by a insulator, said heating element being connected to an electrical supply circuit by rods and connection pins, said tubular casing comprising, at one end, a thermal fuse housed in a separate volume from that where the heating element is placed. The the fuse is however confined in a volume closed by two plug beads.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur en présentant un dispositif de chauffage électrique constitué d'une enveloppe tubulaire, à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant entouré d'isolant, ledit élément chauffant étant relié à un circuit d'alimentation électrique par des tiges et broches de connexion, ladite enveloppe tubulaire étant munie de deux perles de bouchage cylindriques agencées en ses extrémités, au moins l'une de ces perles, dite perle spécifique, étant en contact direct avec l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant, caractérisé en ce que la perle spécifique comporte un évidement la traversant axialement, dans lequel est inséré un fusible thermique monté électriquement en série avec l'élément chauffant.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the art by presenting an electric heating device consisting of a tubular casing, inside which is housed a heating element surrounded by insulation, said heating element being connected to a supply circuit electric by connecting rods and pins, said tubular casing being provided with two cylindrical stopper beads arranged at its ends, at the minus one of these pearls, called a specific pearl, being in direct contact with the insulation surrounding the heating element, characterized in that the specific bead has a recess running axially through it, into which is inserted a thermal fuse electrically mounted in series with the heating element.

Par cette disposition, on réduit le nombre d'éléments constitutifs puisqu'une perle assure à la fois le bouchage étanche de l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant, mais également le maintien et la protection du boítier du fusible. Ainsi, sans élément supplémentaire autre que l'enveloppe tubulaire et les deux perles de bouchage, il est permis de constituer, non seulement l'ensemble de chauffe, mais également l'adjonction d'un fusible thermique. Ce dispositif évite, par ailleurs, le câblage entre l'élément chauffant et le fusible au sein du dispositif, tout comme les moyens spécifiques de maintien et de protection du fusible dans le produit.By this arrangement, the number of constituent elements is reduced since a pearl ensures both the tight sealing of the insulation surrounding the heating element, but also the maintenance and protection of the fuse box. So without additional element other than the tubular envelope and the two pearls of corking, it is allowed to constitute, not only the heating assembly, but also the addition of a thermal fuse. This device avoids, by elsewhere, the wiring between the heating element and the fuse within the device, all as the specific means of maintaining and protecting the fuse in the product.

Avantageusement, l'élément chauffant est en spirale et monté en tension dans l'enveloppe tubulaire.Advantageously, the heating element is in a spiral and mounted in tension in the tubular casing.

Cette configuration permet notamment aux perles de bouchage, liées aux extrémités de l'élément chauffant, d'être maintenues en prenant appui sur les extrémités de l'enveloppe tubulaire sans pièce spécifique.This configuration allows in particular the stopper beads, linked to ends of the heating element, to be maintained by resting on the ends of the tubular casing without any specific part.

Avantageusement, l'évidement comporte un rétrécissement au niveau de l'extrémité en liaison avec l'intérieur du tube, contre lequel est positionné le fusible.Advantageously, the recess comprises a narrowing at the level of the end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which the fuse.

Conjointement à l'effet de traction exercé par l'élément spiralé, le rétrécissement réalisé dans l'évidement permet de positionner correctement et systématiquement le fusible dans l'évidement, sans pièce mécanique particulière. Ceci permet également d'assurer le bouchage du tube vis-à-vis de l'isolant entourant l'élément chauffant.Together with the pulling effect exerted by the spiral element, the narrowing made in the recess allows correct positioning and systematically the fuse in the recess, without any particular mechanical part. This also makes it possible to ensure the plugging of the tube with respect to the insulation. surrounding the heating element.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le fusible thermique comporte un boítier à l'intérieur duquel est logé un ressort de compression exerçant une pression entre, d'une part une pastille thermique située à l'extrémité externe du boítier et en contact avec une broche de connexion externe et d'autre part un premier disque coulissant central poussé en appui contre une tige de liaison interne, et ceci contre une force de rappel exercée par un ressort d'ouverture coaxial à la tige de liaison.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thermal fuse has a housing inside which is housed a compression spring exerting a pressure between, on the one hand a thermal patch located at the end external of the housing and in contact with an external connection pin and other share a first central sliding disc pushed into abutment against a rod internal connection, and this against a restoring force exerted by a spring opening coaxial to the connecting rod.

Cette association permet, lorsque la pastille thermique est vaporisée, d'ouvrir le circuit électrique d'alimentation de l'élément chauffant, à l'aide des deux ressorts, de compression et d'ouverture, se détendant en emmenant le premier disque de contact, dans l'espace laissé libre par la pastille, donc hors de contact de la tige de liaison.This association allows, when the thermal tablet is vaporized, to open the electric circuit supplying the heating element, using the two springs, compression and opening, relaxing by taking the first disc of contact, in the space left free by the patch, therefore out of contact of the rod link.

Avantageusement, la tige de liaison est entourée, au sein du fusible thermique, d'un isolateur, permettant également de centrer et/ou de maintenir la tige de liaison à distance du boítier du fusible. Advantageously, the connecting rod is surrounded, within the thermal fuse, an isolator, also allowing to center and / or maintain the rod remote connection of the fuse box.

Avantageusement, la pastille thermique est située à l'extrémité du boítier du fusible située hors de l'enveloppe tubulaire.Advantageously, the thermal patch is located at the end of the housing of the fuse located outside the tubular casing.

Ceci permet une réactivité mieux contrôlée de la protection que constitue le fusible thermique, en l'éloignant légèrement de l'élément chauffant.This allows a better controlled reactivity of the protection that constitutes the thermal fuse, slightly away from the heating element.

Par ailleurs, le contact direct entre la pastille et l'une des broches de connexion externe évite la ré-ionisation du gaz produit lors de la fusion de la pastille, notamment en permettant l'écoulement rapide des calories générées.Furthermore, direct contact between the patch and one of the connection pins external prevents re-ionization of the gas produced during the melting of the pellet, in particular by allowing the rapid flow of the calories generated.

De plus, cette fuite thermique, toute relative par ailleurs, garantit également un meilleur vieillissement du fusible, évitant son déclenchement inopiné à une température plus basse que celle pour laquelle il a été étalonné.In addition, this thermal leakage, which is all relative moreover, also guarantees a better aging of the fuse, preventing it from tripping unexpectedly at temperature lower than that for which it was calibrated.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente un état de l'art antérieur précédemment décrit,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de chauffage au niveau de l'extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire comportant le fusible thermique,
  • la figure 3a est une vue détaillée du fusible thermique dans un état de fonctionnement non déclenché,
  • la figure 3b est une vue détaillée identique à la vue 3a, mais après déclenchement de rupture dudit fusible.
The present invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a state of the prior art previously described,
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the heating device at the end of the tubular casing comprising the thermal fuse,
  • FIG. 3a is a detailed view of the thermal fuse in a non-tripped operating state,
  • Figure 3b is a detailed view identical to view 3a, but after tripping of said fuse.

Selon l'invention, un dispositif de chauffage 1 est présenté figure 2 sous la forme de ce qui est couramment appelé une résistance blindée. Ce dispositif comprend une enveloppe tubulaire 2 à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un élément chauffant spiralé 4 entouré d'isolant 3, telle de la magnésie. Des perles de bouchage de cet isolant sont agencées en chaque extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire 2. Au moins l'une de ces perles, dite perle spécifique tel qu'il sera détaillé plus loin, est en contact direct avec l'isolant 3 entourant l'élément chauffant spiralé 4, tel qu'il est parfaitement visible figure 2. De préférence, les deux perles de bouchage sont en contact direct avec ledit isolant. According to the invention, a heating device 1 is presented in FIG. 2 in the form of what is commonly called an armored resistor. This device includes a tubular casing 2 inside which is housed a heating element spiral 4 surrounded by insulation 3, like magnesia. Stopper beads of this insulation are arranged at each end of the tubular casing 2. At least one of these pearls, called a specific pearl as will be detailed below, is in direct contact with the insulation 3 surrounding the spiral heating element 4, as it is perfectly visible in figure 2. Preferably, the two stopper beads are in direct contact with said insulator.

Les extrémités 6 de l'élément chauffant 4 sont agencées, par exemple par soudage, chacune autour d'une connexion cylindrique ou d'une cosse 8 servant à relier l'élément chauffant au circuit extérieur d'alimentation électrique. Cette connexion cylindrique est ainsi prolongée par une tige de liaison électrique 10. A l'une des extrémités (non représentée) de l'enveloppe tubulaire 2, la tige de liaison électrique 10 traverse l'une des perles de bouchage afin d'établir le contact électrique avec le circuit d'alimentation extérieur.The ends 6 of the heating element 4 are arranged, for example by welding, each around a cylindrical connection or a terminal 8 used to connect the heating element to the external electrical supply circuit. This cylindrical connection is thus extended by an electrical connecting rod 10. A one end (not shown) of the tubular casing 2, the rod electrical connection 10 crosses one of the plug beads to establish the electrical contact with the external supply circuit.

A l'autre extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire, la seconde perle de bouchage, dite perle spécifique 16 est cylindrique et comporte un évidement 18 la traversant axialement. Cet évidement est destiné à recevoir un fusible thermique 20. Préférentiellement, le fusible sera monté dans l'évidement avec le minimum de jeu.At the other end of the tubular casing, the second stopper bead, called specific pearl 16 is cylindrical and has a recess 18 passing through it axially. This recess is intended to receive a thermal fuse 20. Preferably, the fuse will be mounted in the recess with the minimum of Game.

Par ailleurs, l'évidement comporte une zone rétrécie en sa partie interne, c'est à dire située du côté de l'élément chauffant, sous la forme par exemple d'un cône 21. Ce cône coopère avec le fusible thermique 20 présentant également une partie cônique 22 pour empêcher ce dernier de coulisser vers l'élément chauffant.Furthermore, the recess has a narrowed zone in its internal part, this is to say located on the side of the heating element, in the form for example of a cone 21. This cone cooperates with the thermal fuse 20 also having a conical part 22 to prevent the latter from sliding towards the element heating.

Par ailleurs, l'élément chauffant spiralé est monté en tension dans l'enveloppe tubulaire, de sorte que le fusible subit une force de traction qui tend à le maintenir contre la partie cônique 22 de l'évidement, assurant, à la fois un bouchage de l'élément chauffant, mais également le maintien du fusible, et conjointement le maintien de la perle 16 sur l'enveloppe tubulaire.Furthermore, the spiral heating element is mounted in tension in the envelope tubular, so that the fuse undergoes a tensile force which tends to hold it against the conical part 22 of the recess, ensuring, at the same time a plugging of the heating element, but also the maintenance of the fuse, and jointly the holding the pearl 16 on the tubular casing.

Le fusible thermique 20 est monté en série avec l'élément chauffant 4 par l'intermédiaire de la tige de liaison 10. Il est lié au circuit extérieur d'alimentation électrique par l'intermédiaire d'une broche 12 portant un connecteur 14. Ce fusible fait ainsi le lien entre le circuit électrique extérieur et l'intérieur de l'enveloppe tubulaire.The thermal fuse 20 is mounted in series with the heating element 4 by via the connecting rod 10. It is linked to the external supply circuit electric via a pin 12 carrying a connector 14. This fuse thus makes the link between the external electrical circuit and the interior of the tubular casing.

Par rapport à l'enveloppe tubulaire 2, le fusible 20 peut être logé soit partiellement à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe, soit totalement à l'intérieur ou totalement à l'extérieur de ladite enveloppe, selon les caractéristiques de réaction thermique souhaitées pour le dispositif de protection.Relative to the tubular casing 2, the fuse 20 can be housed either partially inside said envelope, either totally inside or completely outside of said envelope, according to the reaction characteristics desired thermal values for the protection device.

Ce fusible permet en effet de couper l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant en cas de non fonctionnement de l'élément régulateur de l'appareil, provoquant une surchauffe de la résistance.This fuse makes it possible to cut the electrical supply to the element heating in case of non-functioning of the regulating element of the device, causing the resistance to overheat.

La calibration du fusible, ainsi que sa position dans l'enveloppe tubulaire 2 sont adaptées à la température obtenue au niveau de la perle lors d'une surchauffe, température plus faible qu'au sein de l'élément chauffant.The calibration of the fuse, as well as its position in the tubular casing 2 are adapted to the temperature obtained at the level of the pearl during overheating, lower temperature than within the heating element.

Le fusible thermique 20 est détaillé aux figures 3a et 3b qui illustrent son état respectivement avant et après déclenchement, c'est à dire respectivement en état passant de fonctionnement et en état de coupure.The thermal fuse 20 is detailed in FIGS. 3a and 3b which illustrate its state respectively before and after triggering, i.e. respectively in operating state and in cut-off state.

Ainsi, figure 3a, le fusible thermique 20 comporte un boítier 23 à l'intérieur duquel est logée une pastille thermique 24 présentant la particularité de se vaporiser lorsqu'elle est soumise à une température donnée, correspondant, dans notre cas, à une surchauffe de l'élément chauffant.Thus, Figure 3a, the thermal fuse 20 comprises a housing 23 inside which is housed a thermal tablet 24 having the particularity of vaporizing when subjected to a given, corresponding temperature in our case, overheating of the heating element.

Cette pastillé est agencée à l'extrémité externe, c'est à dire la plus éloignée de l'élément chauffant, de sorte à ne pas présenter une trop grande réactivité qui pourrait l'amener à se vaporiser alors que l'élément chauffant n'est pas dans un état de surchauffe.This patch is arranged at the outer end, that is to say the furthest from the heating element, so as not to exhibit too great a reactivity which could cause it to vaporize while the heating element is not in a overheat state.

Afin d'interrompre le circuit d'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant, le fusible comporte un premier ressort de compression 28 monté entre deux disques 26. L'un de ces disques est en contact avec la pastille 24, tandis que l'autre assure la liaison entre ce premier ressort 28 et un troisième disque 30 agencé contre la force de rappel d'un second ressort 32. Le disque 30 est en contact avec la tige de liaison 10 immobilisée dans le boítier 23 par un isolateur 34, à l'aide notamment de décrochements 38 sur la tige de liaison.In order to interrupt the electrical supply circuit to the heating element, the fuse comprises a first compression spring 28 mounted between two discs 26. One of these discs is in contact with the pad 24, while the other ensures the connection between this first spring 28 and a third disc 30 arranged against the return force of a second spring 32. The disc 30 is in contact with the connecting rod 10 immobilized in the housing 23 by an insulator 34, in particular using recesses 38 on the connecting rod.

A l'état non déclenché, le ressort 28 contraint le disque 26 interne et le disque de contact 30 contre l'extrémité de la tige de liaison 10 assurant, par la pastille thermique la continuité du circuit d'alimentation électrique. In the non-triggered state, the spring 28 constrains the internal disc 26 and the disc of contact 30 against the end of the connecting rod 10 ensuring, by the pad thermal continuity of the electrical supply circuit.

De ce fait, le disque 30 se présente sous la forme d'un contact en étoile afin d'assurer un bon contact électrique. D'autres formes sont également possibles sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.Therefore, the disc 30 is in the form of a star contact so ensure good electrical contact. Other forms are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Par ailleurs, le boítier 23 comporte une ouverture 40 à l'extrémité où est logée la pastille thermique, au niveau de la connexion avec la broche 12, permettant un contact direct entre la pastille 24 et la broche 12. De plus, au niveau de cette connexion le boítier est mis à l'air libre par la cavité 18.Furthermore, the housing 23 has an opening 40 at the end where the thermal pad, at the connection with pin 12, allowing a direct contact between the pad 24 and the pin 12. In addition, at this connection the box is vented through the cavity 18.

Ainsi, lorsque la pastille thermique se volatilise, les calories générées peuvent principalement et rapidement se dissiper, à la fois par échange avec l'air ambiant, grâce à la cavité 18, mais également par conduction dans la broche 12. Les risques d'ionisation sont alors très faibles, ce qui procure une grande fiabilité au dispositif.Thus, when the thermal tablet volatilizes, the calories generated can mainly and quickly dissipate, both by exchange with the ambient air, thanks to the cavity 18, but also by conduction in the spindle 12. The risks of ionization are then very low, which provides high reliability to device.

La volatilisation de la pastille entraíne la détente des deux ressorts 28 et 32 aboutissant à un équilibre mécanique où notamment le disque 30 n'est plus en contact avec la tige de liaison 10. Le circuit d'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant est alors interrompu.The volatilization of the pellet causes the relaxation of the two springs 28 and 32 resulting in a mechanical equilibrium where in particular the disc 30 is no longer in contact with the connecting rod 10. The electrical supply circuit of the element heating is then interrupted.

L'utilisation d'un fusible thermique classique en remplacement de la borne de connexion habituelle de l'élément chauffant, en intégrant la protection thermique dans la résistance permet en outre une prise de température directe en supprimant un diffuseur, tout en rendant l'inertie thermique plus rapide et plus fiable. L'élément chauffant est ainsi auto-régulé.The use of a conventional thermal fuse to replace the terminal usual connection of the heating element, integrating the protection thermal resistance also allows direct temperature measurement by removing a diffuser, while making thermal inertia faster and More reliable. The heating element is thus self-regulated.

De plus, par la présente invention, le fusible est positionné en une seule opération lors de la fixation de la perle de bouchage. Il ne s'agit donc plus d'une pièce rapportée qui demande des étapes supplémentaires pour son intégration au sein du dispositif de chauffe. Le temps de montage et les coûts sont ainsi réduits.In addition, by the present invention, the fuse is positioned in a single operation when fixing the stopper bead. It is therefore no longer a patch that requires additional steps for its integration within the heater. Assembly time and costs are thus reduced.

Claims (6)

  1. An electrical heater device (1) constituted by a tubular case (2) receiving a heating element (4) surrounded by insulation (3), said heating element (4) being connected to an electrical power supply circuit via connection rods and pins (10, 12, 14), said tubular case (2) being provided with two cylindrical plugging beads disposed at its ends, at least one of the beads, referred to as a "special" bead (16), being in direct contact with the insulation (3) surrounding the heating element (4), the device being characterized it that the special bead (16) includes a recess (18) passing axially through it and receiving a thermal fuse (20) connected electrically in series with the heating element (4).
  2. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element (4) is spiral-wound and is mounted under tension within the tubular case (2).
  3. An electrical heater device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the recess (18) includes a narrow portion (21) at its end in connection with the inside of the tube, against which the fuse (20) is positioned.
  4. An electrical heater device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the thermal fuse (20) comprises a cartridge (23) receiving a compression spring (28) exerting pressure between a thermal pellet (24) situated at the outside end of the cartridge and in contact with an external connection pin (12), and a central sliding disk (26) urged to bear against an internal connection rod (10) against a return force exerted by an opening spring (32) disposed coaxially about the connection rod (10).
  5. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection rod (10) is surrounded within the thermal fuse (20) by an insulator (34).
  6. An electrical heater device (1) according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the thermal pellet (24) is situated at the end of the fuse cartridge which is situated outside the tubular case (2).
EP01903905A 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device Expired - Lifetime EP1247429B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0000415 2000-01-13
FR0000415A FR2803976B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2000-01-13 HEATING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATION OF A THERMAL SAFETY DEVICE
PCT/FR2001/000065 WO2001052601A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247429A1 EP1247429A1 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247429B1 true EP1247429B1 (en) 2003-05-07
EP1247429B2 EP1247429B2 (en) 2009-07-08

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01903905A Expired - Lifetime EP1247429B2 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-10 Heating element with integrated heat safety device

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US6710310B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1247429B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE240027T1 (en)
AU (1) AU3186601A (en)
DE (1) DE60100257T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2198395T5 (en)
FR (1) FR2803976B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1247429E (en)
WO (1) WO2001052601A1 (en)

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EP1233650B1 (en) * 2001-01-24 2006-08-09 Leister Process Technologies Hot air device
JP2003317589A (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-07 Nec Schott Components Corp Thermosensitive pellet type thermal fuse
US6887258B2 (en) * 2002-06-26 2005-05-03 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Embolic filtering devices for bifurcated vessels
JP4471203B2 (en) * 2003-10-28 2010-06-02 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse and method of manufacturing temperature-sensitive pellet
JP4375738B2 (en) 2004-09-17 2009-12-02 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse
JP4521725B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2010-08-11 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Thermal pellet type thermal fuse
JP4583228B2 (en) * 2005-04-18 2010-11-17 エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 Thermal pellet type thermal fuse
US7843307B2 (en) * 2007-10-05 2010-11-30 Nec Schott Components Corporation Thermal fuse employing thermosensitive pellet
ITVE20080012U1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-24 D H E S R L HEAT EXCHANGER FOR FLUIDS.
IT1391845B1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2012-01-27 Irca Spa HEAT EXCHANGER WITH THERMAL PROTECTION
CH711968A1 (en) 2015-12-28 2017-06-30 C3 Casting Competence Center Gmbh Heater.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60100257D1 (en) 2003-06-12
US20030010772A1 (en) 2003-01-16
AU3186601A (en) 2001-07-24
ES2198395T3 (en) 2004-02-01
EP1247429A1 (en) 2002-10-09
DE60100257T3 (en) 2010-01-14
US6710310B2 (en) 2004-03-23
ES2198395T5 (en) 2009-11-27
PT1247429E (en) 2003-09-30
FR2803976A1 (en) 2001-07-20
ATE240027T1 (en) 2003-05-15
DE60100257T2 (en) 2004-04-01
WO2001052601A1 (en) 2001-07-19
EP1247429B2 (en) 2009-07-08
FR2803976B1 (en) 2002-05-17

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