EP1031007A1

EP1031007A1 - Low-calibre shot gun bullet, especially for shot guns with a partially or fully distended barrel

Info

Publication number: EP1031007A1
Application number: EP98962187A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wolfgang KRÜPER
Original assignee: Brenneke Wilhelm GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Brenneke Wilhelm GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 1997-11-22
Filing date: 1998-10-29
Publication date: 2000-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2018-10-29
Also published as: PL340590A1; EA001478B1; EA200000564A1; AR009917A1; DE59808926D1; AU1748399A; UA49981C2; ZA9810577B; CZ20001900A3; EP1031007B1; US6367387B1; DE19754330C1; WO1999027319A1; JP2001524659A; ATE244391T1; CZ294464B6; PL188478B1; JP4207177B2; ES2203998T3; EP1031007B9

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-calibre shot gun bullet, especially for shot guns with a partially or fully distended barrel, whereby said bullet is accommodated in a drive cage. The invention provides a further such shot gun bullet. The low-calibre shot gun bullet has a bullet jacket (2) which, in relation to its loading position, receives a bullet core (3) that can be displaced towards the end of the barrel (3). When fired, said bullet core is displaced inside the bullet jacket (2), defining a stop pertaining thereto, whereby the shot gun bullet is provided with a definitive form. It is possible to displace the bullet's centre of mass by displacing the bullet core. The gas pressure peak can also be reduced at the same time.

Description

Unterkai remaining shotgun barrel, especially for shotguns with partially or completely drawn barrel

The present invention relates to a sub-caliber shotgun barrel, in particular for shotguns with a partially or completely drawn barrel, which is received by a sabot.

Sub-caliber F 1 in 1 bullets with sabot, also called sabot, are increasingly preferred, especially for shotguns with fully or partially drawn barrels because of the better shot accuracy and greater target energy. Examples of such projectiles can be found in OS 24 44 181 and 17 03 119. After leaving the shotgun barrel, the sabot and the projectile separate, which then continues on their way to the destination, while the sabot falls to the ground after a short flight.

The object of the present invention is to provide a further, sub-caliber shotgun barrel.

This object is achieved in that the sub-caliber shotgun barrel has a projectile jacket which, based on its loading position, receives a projectile core which can be displaced in the direction of the gun barrel end, the displacement of which in the projectile jacket caused by the shot development limits a stop, as a result of which the final projectile shape is produced. This provides a completely new construction principle for F 1 intenl storeys. Further advantageous embodiments of this invention result from the subclaims.

At the beginning of the shot development, the gas pressure that builds up pushes the projectile core in the projectile jacket up to a stop and thus produces the final shape of the projectile. Thus, with appropriate material w 1 for the projectile core and the projectile jacket, the center of gravity has been moved to the rear, which guarantees a good shot precision when firing from shotguns with fully or partially drawn barrel.

At F 1 i nten 1 it is common to use deformable intermediate means, which are arranged between the actual projectile and the propellant charge and are compressed when the gas pressure develops, taking into account the relatively progressive propellant powder used, which increases the combustion space and thus the gas pressure peak is reduced . By moving the projectile core together with the sabot relative to the projectile jacket, which initially remains due to its inertia, the same effect is achieved in the projectile according to the invention. Depending on the existing shell space, these bullets can be used in the laboratory together with buffering or non-buffering intermediate agents.

After the final projectile shape has been produced, it must be ensured that the dynamic pressure acting on the projectile trajectory does not push back the projectile core. This can, of course, be achieved by adjusting a corresponding fit between the projectile jacket and the projectile core, so that the projectile core is jammed in the projectile jacket at the end of its displacement path. This clamping effect can be achieved, for example, by knurling the projectile core, which more or less "gnaws" into the inner wall of the projectile shell when a projectile develops A shotgun barrel designed according to the invention offers a variety of possibilities in order to achieve a desired cross-sectional enlargement, also referred to as mushrooming, of the projectile when penetrating into a target medium. In this way, the bullet shell is mushroomed only when the projectile core is crushed when it hits a target. A further improvement can be achieved by using a softer material, e.g. B. copper, is chosen as for the floor core, which may consist of steel, for example. To control the opening behavior of the projectile jacket, its wall thickness can also be varied accordingly, or predetermined kinks can be provided.

A further influence on an enlargement of the cross section of the projectile can be that the inner surface of the projectile shell and the contour of the projectile core have corresponding formations which, by the impact and penetration of the target medium, initiate a deformation of the projectile which is controlled in terms of shape and extent.

Furthermore, it is possible to make the bow end of the projectile jacket open or concealed. The former causes a faster initiation of the mushrooming. The concealed opening delays the deformation, but it has advantages due to the better shape value outside 1 isti see advantages and a greater depth effect in the target. Depending on the application, one or the other version can be used.

But even in the undeformed state, a projectile according to the invention has a 60% larger cross-sectional area compared to the known sabot projectiles in diabolic form and, as far as the impact energy at 100m is concerned, can measure itself with its strongest laboratory workings. Therefore, a projectile according to the invention also performs well in comparison when evaluated using the KO formula developed by Taylor. In an embodiment of the invention, the tip of the projectile head essentially has the shape of a slender cone. This shape is possible because the projectile head is largely submerged in the projectile jacket when loaded. When the cartridge is loaded, the tip of the projectile head does not protrude beyond the flanged sleeve mouth of the cartridge, so that the cartridges can be safely fired from guns with tube magazines

In one embodiment of the invention, the projectile head rests at the end of the displacement of the projectile core with its outer circumference on the inner circumference of the projectile jacket, that is to say the front face of the projectile is closed, the conical tip of the projectile head projecting beyond this end face. Due to this training, the projectile has a ballistically favorable shape. Its ballistic coefficient is now around 100% larger than that of conventional FI inten 1 with a flat head or at best a small bullet tip. The result of this is that compared to those bullets of the same caliber and with approximately the same performance values at the mouth at a shooting distance of approx. 100 m, a significantly higher impact energy, a longer trajectory and less cross wind sensitivity are recorded. Another advantage is the coulter edge formed by the bow-side face of the projectile jacket, which provides a Kal-sized weft.

The sub-caliber shotgun barrel projectile according to the invention has the advantage over the known so-called "Sabof" projectiles of the larger KaliDers (16 mm 0 in quay. 12) with approximately the same ballistic coefficient. It is designed as a pollutant-free projectile. Should be used for special requirements If a bullet made of lead is desired, this can be achieved without major problems. In principle, a switch to specially suitable materials and / or the use of special processing methods, such as hardening of the bullet core with a modified shape, also allow the bullet to be used for special areas of application, such as the north area , appear to be suitable. The shotgun barrel according to the invention is especially designed for use in fully or partially drawn FI inten 1 sen. Shooting from smooth shotgun barrels is not recommended. From drawn barrels it achieves good shot precision, high impact energy and great readiness to deform up to the 100 range. These are requirements that are becoming more and more common lately, because in many countries the use of rifle cartridges for hunting is prohibited because of the large danger area.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawing:

1 shows a sub-caliber shotgun bullet, labored in a cartridge case, in a sectional view, with an uncut bullet core,

2 shows the shotgun barrel according to FIG. 1 after the shot development,

1 with a further embodiment of a shotgun barrel,

Fig. The shotgun barrel according to FIG. 3 after the shot development, and

5 shows a further embodiment of a shotgun barrel in the illustration according to FIGS. 2 and 4.

The shotgun barrel projectile 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a cylinder-shaped projectile jacket 2 made of copper and a projectile core 3 which is displaceably arranged therein. This projectile core 3 consists of a projectile shaft 8 and a projectile head 3.1, the projectile head 3.1 having a slender cone tip 4, has a cylindrical section 5 and a rear, frustoconical section 6. To receive and guide the projectile core 3, the projectile jacket 2 has a continuous, stepped longitudinal bore 7. In its front, cylindrical section 7.1, the projectile head 3.1 is guided with its cylindrical section 5, which rests on the wall of the bore section 7.1 with corresponding play. A conical transition 7.2 is provided on the rear side in the longitudinal bore 7, which receives the frustoconical section 6 of the projectile head 3.1 in a form-fitting manner. The longitudinal bore 7 then merges with the conical transition 7.2 into a cylindrical section 7.3 of reduced diameter, which is followed by a cylindrical section 7.4 with an enlarged diameter. The projectile head 3.1 is made of light metal or plastic.

In addition to its guidance in section 7.1 of the projectile shell 2, the projectile core 3 is guided and held by a projectile shaft 8 with a base plate 9 fastened to it or integrally formed therewith. The projectile shaft 8 and the base plate 9 are made of steel or another material of appropriate strength. It has a rear section 8.1 of larger diameter and a front section 8.2 of smaller diameter.

In the end section 7.4 of the longitudinal bore 7, a clamping disk 10 made of plastic with a central bore is inserted, through which the section 8.2 of the projectile shaft 8 is passed for mounting the shotgun barrel projectile 1 in order to be connected in a suitable manner to the projectile head 3.1. In this state (see FIG. 1), the shoulder lies between the sections 8.1 and 8.2 of the projectile shaft 8 on the clamping disk 10. In the above described assembled state, the shotgun bullet 1 is introduced into a äfig Treibk ^'11 and together with this loaded into a cartridge case 12th The sabot 11 has a NEN floor 11.1, of which, distributed over its circumference, four fingers 11.2, which are separated from one another by narrow longitudinal gaps 11.4. The fingers 11.2 enclose the circumference of the projectile shell 2 and the base plate 9, which is seated on the base 11.1 of the sabot 11. Furthermore, they grip with their claw-shaped, front ends 11.3 the front end face 2.1 of the projectile shell 2 and thus axially fix it. The sabot 11 in turn is axially fixed by a flange 12.1 on the mouth of the cartridge case 12. Fig. 1 shows the above described processing of the shotgun barrel 1. This shows that the projectile head 3.1 is largely sunk in the loaded state in the shell 2 and does not protrude from the cartridge case 12. Not shown in Fig. 1 is the firing pin end of the cartridge with propellant charge and primer.

When the cartridge shown in FIG. 1 is fired, the gas pressure which forms at the start of the shot development accelerates the sabot 11. This causes the flare 12.1 of the cartridge case 12 to be torn open and the sabot 11 enters the shotgun barrel 13 from the cartridge chamber 14. At the same time, the projectile core 3 consisting of projectile head 3.1 and projectile shaft 8 moves forward, while the projectile shell 2 initially remains in its rest position due to its inertia. The projectile shaft 8 punched through the clamping disk 10 with its relatively sharp-edged shoulder and is subsequently clamped by it when the base plate 9 strikes the rear end face 2.2 of the projectile jacket 2. This creates the final shape of the shotgun barrel 1. This shape is shown in FIG. 2, which shows the shotgun barrel 1 with the sabot 11 already dropped.

The distance a between the front end face 9.1 of the base plate 9 and the rear end face 2.2 of the shell 2 is equal to the distance b between the in the loaded state front end face 2.1 of the projectile shell 2 and the base 4.1 of the cone tip 4 (see FIG. 1). This ensures that the projectile head 3.1 completely emerges from the projectile jacket 2 with its conical tip 4 after the shot development. At the same time, the end face 2.1 of the projectile jacket 2 which then closes with the base 4.1 of the cone tip 4 forms a caliber-sized sharp edge with a good ballistic shape of the shotgun barrel 1.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a further exemplary embodiment of a shotgun barrel 1. The same or equivalent components in these figures have the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiment of the invention.

The shotgun barrel 1 shown also consists of a bullet jacket 2 made of copper, in which a bullet core 3 is axially displaceable. It is labored in a cartridge case 12 with a sabot 11. Since the arrangement of the shotgun barrel 1 in the sabot 11 and in the cartridge case 12 is completely identical to the arrangement according to FIG. 1, reference is made to the above statements in this regard in order to avoid repetitions.

The projectile core 3 is made in one piece from a projectile head 3.1 and a projectile shaft 8, the projectile head 3.1 having a slender point 4 in the form of a truncated cone, a cylindrical section 5 and a truncated cone section 6 at the rear, one after the other and starting from the front. The projectile shaft 8 adjoins the frustoconical section 6. This consists of a truncated cone-shaped transition part 8.3 adjacent to section 6 of the projectile head 3.1, which merges into a cylindrical section 8.4. At the end of this cylindrical section 8.4, a base plate 9 is formed in one piece with it. The cylindrical section 8.4 is provided with knurling 15. The projectile jacket 2 has a through hole 7, which on the rear side consists of a cylindrical section 7.3 and on the bow side of a conical section 7.4 which widens towards the front. In this section 7.4, the wall thickness of the shell 2 is steadily reduced. It has its weakest point, which represents a predetermined kink, at the transition to a collar 16 bent inward at right angles, which leaves an opening 17 with the diameter of the cylindrical section 7.3 of the through-bore 7.

The projectile core 3 is supported in the loading state (FIG. 3) via the cylindrical section 5 of the projectile head 3.1 and the upper end of the cylindrical section 8.4 of the projectile shaft 8 on the inner wall of the cylindrical section 7.3 of the through bore 7 and is thereby fixed radially in the projectile casing 2 . Its axial fixing in the projectile jacket 2 takes place in the loading state in that a short section of the knurling 15 of the projectile shaft 8 is pressed into the through hole 7 of the projectile jacket 1, as can be seen from FIG. 3. As a result, the projectile jacket 2 and the projectile core 3 are fixed against one another, which brings reproducible conditions for the processing of the shotgun barrel 1.

In the case of a shot development, the processes explained for the above exemplary embodiment take place. The only difference is that no retaining washer 10 is provided here, but that the knurling 15 of the projectile shaft 8 is fully inserted into the inner wall of the cylindrical section 7.3 of the through bore 7 of the projectile casing 2, whereby a very firm bond between the projectile core 3 and the Projectile jacket 2 is made.

At the end of the shot development, the shotgun barrel 1 has the final shape shown in FIG. 4, with the sabot 11 is already dropped. From this representation it can be seen that the projectile jacket 2 is closed on the bow side, since the cyl-shaped section 5 of the projectile head 3.1 completely fills the opening 17 of the collar 16. This design and the slim frustoconical tip 4 of the projectile head 3.1 give the shotgun barrel 1 good external ballistic properties.

But the target ballistic properties of this shotgun barrel 1 are excellent. So it has a great depth effect with very good mushrooming (enlarged cross-section). When hitting a target, the collar 16 kinks inwards at the predetermined kink, as a result of which the shotgun barrel 1 opens on its front end face 2.1. When penetrating the target medium, this can thereby press into the free space formed between the walls of the conical section 7.4 of the through bore 7, the frustoconical section 6 of the projectile head 3.1 and the conical transition section 8.3 of the projectile shaft 8. This, favored by the outwardly inclined wall of the conical section 7.4, the upper edge region of the projectile jacket 2 is turned outwards, i.e. the projectile cross section increases in the desired manner. In addition, due to the described mushrooming of the projectile jacket 2, the slender projectile tip 4 occurs as a function of the degree of deformation of the projectile jacket 2 relative to it. This causes in the target medium, supported by the swirl of the shotgun barrel 1, a straight shot channel, so that this shotgun barrel 1 tends less than other bullets to cross or wobble in the target.

5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a shotgun barrel 1 according to the invention analogous to FIGS. 2 and 4. A representation of the laboratory in a cartridge case was omitted, since this is completely identical to Fig. 4. In the shotgun barrel 1 shown in Fig. 5, the only difference from the floor of the above embodiment is that the collar 16 on the bow end face 2.1 has been omitted. The projectile jacket 2 is therefore open from the front on its bow side. Due to this design, the expansion of the shell 2 occurs in the target without delay, so it is larger than in the previous embodiment. This target ballistic advantage is bought with a lower depth effect and external ballistic disadvantages (air resistance, trajectory).

Claims

Patent claims

1.) Unterkai remaining shotgun barrel, especially for shotguns with partially or completely drawn barrel, which is received by a sabot, characterized in that the shotgun barrel (1) has a projectile jacket (2) which, based on its loading position, one in the direction of the F 1 in the center of the displaceable projectile core (3), the displacement of which is caused by the development of the shot in the projectile casing (2) limits a stop (9), whereby the final shape of the shotgun barrel (1) is produced.

2.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile core (3) consists of a projectile head (3.1) and a projectile shaft (8), the projectile shaft (8) in the loading position from the rear end of the projectile jacket (2) protrudes and has a base plate (9) which, in interaction with the rear end face (2.2) of the projectile jacket (2), forms the stop for the projectile core (3).

3.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the projectile shaft (8) at the end of the displacement of the projectile core (3) is clamped on its circumference in the projectile casing (2), and thus the finally produced projectile shape at least until it hits a goal is stabilized.

4.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projectile core (3) consists at least partially of a harder material than the projectile jacket (2).

5.) Unterkai remaining shotgun barrel according to claim 4, characterized in that the projectile core (3) at least partially consists of steel and the projectile jacket (2) consists of copper.

6.) Unterkai remaining shotgun barrel according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the projectile shaft (8) made of steel and the projectile head (3.1) consists of light metal or plastic.

7.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the projectile head (3.1) has a tip (4) in the form of a slender cone or another ballistic favorable shape, and in the loading position largely in the projectile jacket ( 2) is sunk.

8.) Unterkai remaining shotgun barrel according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance (a) between the mutually facing end faces (9.1, 2.2) of the base plate (9) and projectile jacket (2) equal to the immersion depth (b) of the tip (4) of the projectile head (3.1) in the projectile jacket (2).

9.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the projectile head (3.1.) At the end of the displacement of the projectile core (3) closes with its outer circumference the front end face (2.1) of the projectile jacket (2).

10.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 8, characterized in that at least at the end of the displacement of the projectile core (3) between the inner wall of the projectile jacket (2) and the outer wall of the projectile head (3.1) an annular gap open on the bow side ( 18) is present.

11.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for controlling the deformation behavior of the projectile jacket (2) whose material and / or wall thickness varies and / or predetermined bends are provided.

12.) Unterkai remaining shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that undercuts of the projectile core (3) are provided for controlling the deformation behavior of the projectile jacket (2).

13.) Unterkai ibriges shotgun projectile according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the material and / or design (solid or hollow) is varied to control the deformation behavior of the projectile head (3.1).