EP1072711A1 - Reinforcement textile laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

A reinforced textile has a reinforcing fabric adhered to a layer of relatively large composite fibres. The fabric has mechanically strong fibres and fibres compatible with the adhesive. The composite fibres may have a roving around a core of different material. A second reinforcement fabric may have parallel rovings.

Description

The present invention relates to a complex textile reinforcement. This reinforcement is more particularly intended for the reinforcement of beams, profiles or panels and is intended to be glued to them. The profile, the beam or the panel can be made of various materials such as for example metal, wood, synthetic material, etc. The bonding of the reinforcement on the structure to be reinforced is done for example using an epoxy resin.

It is already known to use reinforcement fabrics for materials composites. So we know for example classic rovings fabrics comprising a chain and a weft in different armor. It is also known to use mixed rovings / mat fabrics where the assembly by sewing these two types of reinforcement allows cost reduction of labor when making a part. When good mechanical characteristics are necessary in several directions, uses multiaxial reinforcement fabric. In contrast to the latter, we use also unidirectional fabrics when mechanical strength is not necessary only in one direction.

When several distinct characteristics are sought, it is then known to assemble several materials, each of which has one of the characteristics sought in order to obtain a set complex that combines the properties of each of these constituents. We can for example combine a fabric with good characteristics mechanical in one direction (its chain direction for example) with a second fabric which will have more specific properties in another direction. To promote good bonding of these two fabrics, we can add a third material, nonwoven for example, which then acts as an interface between the reinforcement fabric and the structure to be reinforced. This third material is for example a polyester nonwoven veil which also forms a tank for bonding resin.

Such a complex material comprising two layers of fabric and a polyester veil is expensive to make. Indeed, it takes several manufacturing operations to make each layer of the material complex. It is then necessary to juxtapose these different layers and link them one to the other. In addition, the different layers are sometimes natures different and can therefore interact. In some cases, you may have delamination of the complex material.

The present invention relates more particularly to a reinforcement textile intended to be glued to a structure in order to reinforce it. The goal of the invention is then to provide a reinforcement whose cost is decreased compared to reinforcements of the prior art comprising a veil of polyester. Of course, the reinforcement according to the invention must have the mechanical characteristics sought by the user.

To this end, the reinforcement it offers is a textile reinforcement complex comprising a layer of threads and intended to be bonded to a structure to be strengthened.

According to the invention, this reinforcement has on its face intended to be bonded composite bulky yarn, one of the components of these yarns allowing to give a mechanical resistance and another component having compatibility with the adhesive used to ensure the bonding of the textile on the structure to be reinforced.

This structure of the textile reinforcing layer has many advantages. First, it removes the presence an interface veil present in the reinforcement fabrics of the prior art. This reduces manufacturing costs on the one hand because saves raw material and secondly because the process of manufacturing, with equal performance, is simpler to carry out because of the deletion of a layer.

The volumized wires allow a good hooking of the reinforcing textile on the structure to be reinforced. They form a reservoir of sticks in the same way as an intermediate veil of the prior art. However, when the structure is subjected to high stresses, one no longer observes the delamination phenomenon that existed with the sails of prior art. The intimate contact between the material allowing to realize good adhesion and the reinforcing fibers avoids this phenomenon. So we have a better reinforced structure.

To obtain good mechanical resistance, the component allowing to give a mechanical resistance is preferably chosen in all materials including glass, carbon and aramid. Aramid fibers are for example those known under the brand Kevlar registered.

The component with compatibility with the adhesive is by example of polyester. This material is already used in interface sails of the prior art.

The reinforcement according to the invention can be woven. Weft threads are for example two-component voluminized yarns while the chain son are for example silion son.

The two-component bulky yarns used are preferably textured yarns obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving yarn and a polyester thread. Other production methods can be used to give volume to the wires. Similarly, it is possible to use at the base other yarns than rovings yarns and polyester yarns.

In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement is woven and has a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m ² , the warp threads are glass, carbon or aramid threads, the title of which varies between 22 to 272 tex and the weft yarns have a count between 80 to 3,600 tex and are two-component textured yarns obtained by texturing a roving glass, carbon or aramid yarn from 68 to 2,400 tex and a polyester yarn from 6 to 1,200 tex.

The reinforcement according to the invention can be produced in a single layer. However, to meet certain specifications, it advantageously comprises a second reinforcing layer.

In this case, the second reinforcing layer is for example consisting of a sheet of rovings son arranged parallel to each other others. These wires could for example be at right angles to the wires of the first layer of reinforcement. Another orientation may also be chosen. The two layers are advantageously assembled by a binding made using a synthetic thread. This binding can be made by sewing, knitting, etc. We can also consider tying by collage. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time as a weaving operation. It is then possible in a single operation to weave a layer of reinforcement and assemble it with a second layer.

Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un morceau de tissu selon l'invention, et

Figure 2 est une vue en coupe de ce morceau de tissu.

In any case, the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing by way of nonlimiting example an embodiment of a complex reinforcing fabric according to the invention .

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piece of fabric according to the invention, and

Figure 2 is a sectional view of this piece of fabric.

The drawing represents a particular embodiment of a complex reinforcing textile according to the invention. It is a textile comprising on the one hand a layer of fabric 2 and on the other hand a sheet 4 of rovings sons. The layer of fabric 2 and the layer of threads 4 are connected to using a tying thread 6.

The fabric layer has warp threads 8 and frame 10.

The chain son are for example made using fibers of glass and are silionne threads of 34 tex.

The weft threads 10 are two-component and textured threads obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving glass yarn of 200 tex and a polyester thread of 110 tex. This gives a textured glass / polyester yarn 350 tex.

These weft threads 10 are woven with the warp threads 8 and the fabric obtained has a surface mass of approximately 80 g / m ² . FIG. 1 represents a weaving in which the weft thread passes successively under a warp thread then on a warp thread, etc. We can of course have a different weaving. The warp threads are preferably fairly spaced from each other. Their main function is to ensure cohesion between the weft threads.

The sheet 4 of rovings son consists of rovings son of 1200 tex arranged one beside the other to form a sheet of a surface mass of 720 g / m ² . These rovings son extend in the same direction as the warp son of the fabric layer 2.

The layer of fabric 2 and the sheet 4 of rovings are assembled by binding. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time time for weaving the fabric layer 2.

The textile thus obtained can be glued to a beam to be reinforced. The fabric layer 2 is then on the side of the reinforced beam. The sons of textured weft 10 then serve as a glue tank for bonding by their structure and thanks to the presence of polyester allow to realize good adhesion. Texturing allows good hooking of the reinforcement on the beam. The intimate bond between polyester and the reinforcing fibers used to make the weft threads 10 allows avoid the delamination problems that can be encountered with reinforcing textiles of the prior art which include a non-woven veil in polyester to interface between the structure to be reinforced and the fibers of reinforcement.

The removal of this interface veil in the present invention allows, with equivalent mechanical resistance, to have a lighter textile than a textile of the prior art.

Numerical data and material indications given above are examples. The essential in the invention is the presence of a volumized wire, that is to say a wire which has been given swelling, comprising on the one hand fibers making it possible to produce a good adhesion to bonding and secondly reinforcing fibers. The sons used are not necessarily woven threads. A single layer of these wires may be sufficient if, for example, mechanical resistance is desired unidirectional.

Bulky yarns can be textured or can be obtained by any other method allowing volume to be given to a wire. The polyester fibers used allow good adhesion for a bonding using epoxy resin. Another material could be considered for the use of other adhesives.

The reinforcing fibers can be glass, carbon, aramid (also known under the brand name Kevlar), etc. he is also possible in the same textile to use more of these fibers, for example use a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, one could for example have other digital data. The layer represented as being an upper layer could have a surface mass of for example between 300 and 1500 g / m ² . The rovings yarns used to make the ply of yarns could have a titer between 200 and 4800 tex. The fabric layer, shown in the drawing as being the lower layer, may for example have a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m ² . The chain thread can have a titer varying between 22 to 272 tex. As for the weft yarn, it can be made from a roving glass yarn from 68 to 2400 tex and a synthetic yarn from 6 to 1200 tex. A two-component yarn with a title of between approximately 80 and 3600 tex is then obtained.

The binding yarn used for assembling the layer of rovings yarns and the layer of fabric is for example a synthetic yarn representing a mass of 15 to 100 g / m ² .

The examples above consider that we have one or two layers of textile material, woven or nonwoven. Following the characteristics required for complex reinforcing textiles, understood to have a number of layers of textile material greater than two. The nature of the fibers used, their spatial arrangement and the structure of the threads will depend on the mechanical characteristics required by the complex reinforcement.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the examples given above; on the contrary it embraces all variants of realization within the framework of the claims below.

Claims (10)

Complex textile reinforcement comprising a ply (2,4) of threads and intended to be glued to a structure to be reinforced, characterized in that it has on its face intended to be bonded volumized wires (10) composites, one of the components of these wires making it possible to give mechanical strength and another component with compatibility with the glue used to bond the textile to the structure to to reinforce. Reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the component allowing to give a mechanical resistance is chosen in all materials including glass, carbon and aramid. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in what the component with compatibility with the glue is polyester. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in what it is woven and that the weft threads (10) are threads two-component voluminized. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in what it is woven and in that the warp threads (8) are silion threads. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in what the two-component bulky yarns (10) used are textured yarns obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving yarn and a polyester yarn. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is woven and has a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m ² , in that the warp threads (8) are glass threads, of carbon or aramid, the titer of which varies between 22 to 272 tex and in that the weft threads (10) have a titer of between 80 and 3,600 tex and are textured two-component threads obtained by texturing a glass, carbon or aramid roving yarn from 68 to 2,400 tex and a polyester yarn from 6 to 1,200 tex. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in which it comprises a second reinforcing layer (4). Reinforcement according to claim 8, characterized in that the second reinforcement layer (4) consists of a layer of rovings arranged parallel next to each other. Reinforcement according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the two layers (2,4) are joined by a bonding made at using a synthetic thread (6).

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