EP1061172B1 - Synthetic fibre rope for use with a traction sheave - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a synthetic fiber rope, preferably made of aromatic polyamide, driven by a pulley according to the preamble of claim 1.

Running ropes are in conveyor technology, especially at Elevators, in crane building and mining, an important, strong stressed machine element. Is particularly complex the stress of driven ropes like them can be used for example in elevator construction.

In conventional elevator systems, the car frame is one in a car-guided elevator shaft and a counterweight connected to each other via several steel strand cables. To the Lift and lower the cabin and counterweight, run the ropes over a traction sheave by a drive motor is driven. The drive torque is under friction the respective over the wrap angle on the traction sheave overlying section of rope. In doing so, they learn Ropes tensile, bending, compressive and torsional stresses. By the bend arising over the pulley Relative movements cause within the rope structure Friction, which depends on the lubricant concentration Rope wear has a negative impact. Depending on the rope construction, Bending radius, groove profile and rope safety factor have that arising primary and secondary voltages negative Influence on the condition of the rope.

In addition to the strength requirements for elevator systems for energetic reasons, the demand for if possible small crowds. High-strength synthetic fiber ropes, for example made of aromatic polyamides, or aramids, with highly oriented molecular chains meet these Requirements better than steel cables.

Ropes made of aramid fibers show the same thing Cross section and equal load capacity compared to conventional steel cables only a quarter to a fifth of that specific rope weight. Unlike steel, it has Aramid fiber due to the rectification of the molecular chains a significantly lower transverse strength in relation to Along viability.

So the aramid fibers when running over the traction sheave Expose the lowest possible transverse stresses for example in EP 0 672 781 A1 as a traction rope suitable parallel twisted aramid fiber strand rope proposed. The known aramid rope offers regarding durability, high abrasion resistance and Flexural fatigue strength very satisfactory values; however, in unfavorable circumstances there is the possibility that with aramid ropes stranded in parallel Rope twisting phenomena occur that are the original Disturbing the balance of rope structures. This On the one hand, twisting phenomena result from the internal torques around the longitudinal axis of the rope, depending on Generate a tensile stress unwinding and on the other hand from outside Rope deflections, for example by diagonal pulls when Run over pulleys arise. Accumulation on Groove flanks then create another Cable structural change. The cranking caused in the Strand cover layer excess lengths, depending on the flexing movements permanently shifted in one direction or the other. Such phenomena are undesirable because of the Functionality of the aramid rope is permanently impaired can be.

The document DE 2114278 shows a winch rope with two Steel cables in an elastomer sheath, which steel cables for Reduction of rope twisting oppositely twisted souls exhibit.

The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the known Avoid synthetic fiber rope and using a synthetic fiber rope Specify rotation-neutral structure.

According to the invention, this goal is achieved by a traction rope with the Features specified in claim 1 achieved. The dependent claims contain appropriate and advantageous Developments and / or implementations of the features of claim 1 given invention.

In the twin rope according to the invention, it acts on both Aramid ropes designed rope sheath as torque support. The aramid ropes preferably have an identical one Rope construction, however, are in their direction of lay mirror image, i.e. one rope is right-handed, the other Rope is left-handed. This ensures that the arising under tension and when running over pulleys opposite torques about the longitudinal axis of the rope by means of Torque support are mutually compensated so that the sum of the torques resulting from the right and left-handed aramid rope become zero under load. That at Passing the traction sheave outside acting on the rope Torque is covered by the outer contour of the Twin ropes neutralized. The formerly round rope shape is now approximately oval, the aramid rope preferably twice as much wide how high is.

The respective rope construction of the twin rope may then differ from each other when the function of the whole Twin ropes, or the compensation of the torque in the Sum is given.

The lifespan of stranded strands can be increased if, for example, a two-layer Parallel lay stranding the direction of rotation of the fibers Strands of a strand layer opposite to the direction of rotation of the Fibers of strands of the other strand layer is provided.

Figur 1,

eine schematische Ansicht einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer über erfindungsgemässe Kunstfaserlitzenseile mit einem Gegengewicht verbundenen Kabine;

Figur 2,

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Zwillingseils;

Figur 3,

eine Querschnittsansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows:

Figure 1,

is a schematic view of an elevator system with a cabin connected via synthetic fiber strand cables according to the invention with a counterweight;

Figure 2,

a perspective view of a first embodiment of the twin rope according to the invention;

Figure 3,

a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.

According to FIG. 1, a cabin guided in a shaft 1 hangs 2 on several, here three, load-bearing according to the invention Twin ropes 3 made of aramid fibers, one with a Drive motor 4 connected traction sheave 5 run. On the Cabin 2 are rope end connections 6, on which the Twin ropes 3 are attached with one end. The each other ends of the twin ropes 3 are in the same way a counterweight 7, which is also in the Shaft 1 is guided. Compensation ropes 9 are similar Way with its first end at the lower end of the cabin 2 connected from where the compensating ropes 9 via a Manhole bottom 10 in alignment below the attachment point on Pulley 11 and one next to it, also on the shaft floor 10 towards the counterweight 7 aligned mounted pulley 12 to the lower part of the Counterweight 7 out and articulated there. The Compensation ropes 9 are along their length between the cabin 2 and the counterweight 7 with the help of weights or how here shows tensioned by means of the roller 12. Here one serves Tension spring 13, which is anchored to the shaft wall and the Deflection roller 12 pulls towards the shaft wall and the Compensation ropes 9 tension. Instead of the tension spring, the Deflection roller also with suitable kinematics for tensioning the compensating ropes.

The low weight of aramid ropes also offers that Advantage that, in contrast to that shown in Figure 1 Lift system on compensating ropes partially or completely can be dispensed with. Compared to conventional ones Steel cables can therefore be the maximum head Elevator system enlarged or the maximum permissible Load can be increased with the same rope dimensions.

The traction sheave 5 has three closely spaced Double grooves 8 for each one described below, twin rope 3, 3 'according to the invention. In elevator construction Up to now traction sheaves with two to twelve grooves have been common; Accordingly, when using the invention Twin ropes 3 traction sheaves with one to six Double grooves 8 may be provided.

Instead of the disposition shown in Figure 1 Traction sheave elevator, the drive 4.5 can also either on the shaft floor 10 or on the shaft wall in the lower Area below the cabin 2 and the counterweight 7 in Elevator shaft 1 can be arranged. The pulleys 11.12 - or even just a pulley - would then be at the top Anchored at the end of the shaft. The compensating ropes 9 then take over essentially the supporting function and the inventive Twin ropes 3 lifting and lowering cabin 2 and Counterweight 7.

Figure 2 shows a twin rope 3 in its details. The Twin rope 3 is made up of two with mutual Distance parallel arranged synthetic fiber ropes 14, 15, which by means of the cable sheath 17 in their position relative to each other and in particular torsion-proof fixed and to the twin rope 3 are summarized. The ropes 14, 15 are through two stages Twisting of rope strands, twisted ropes, whereby in the second stage two layers 25,26,27,28 of rope strands 20,21,22,23,24 are stranded together. According to the invention the two synthetic fiber ropes 14, 15 differ with regard to their direction of rotation "S", "Z".

In the rope 14, rope yarns made of aramid fibers with an S twist are closed Stranded 22.24 stranded with Z twist. In a first Strand layer 26, five such strands 22 with Z-twist in Cable run with S twist placed around a core strand 20. five more of these strands 22 have five larger diameters Strand 24 with Z-twist parallel to a second Strand 28 stranded. Together they form a twisted one two-ply strand rope, namely the rope 14 with S-turn.

The structure of the rope 15 is the same as that of the rope 14; however with opposite directions of rotation "S", "Z". There are 15 synthetic fiber rope yarns with a Z twist in the rope Stranded 21.23 stranded with S twist. These strands 21,23 with S-twist are in two positions 25,27 to the rope 15 with Z-twist stranded.

The larger diameter lies in the second strand layer 27 Strands 23 practically in the valleys of the first carrying them Strand 25, while the five strands 21 on the tops of the these load-bearing first strand layer 25 and the Gaps between the neighboring larger diameter Fill in strands 23. This way they get two layers parallel ropes 14, 15 an almost cylindrical Outer contour.

While the strands 21,23,22,24 under a balanced Relationship between fiber and strand length with each other are stranded, the aramid fiber yarns in the same or, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in the opposite Direction of rotation be struck like the strands 21,23,22,24, location 25,27,26,28 to which they belong. at same direction of rotation is a better cohesion of the Stranding in the unloaded state of the twin rope 3.3 ' reached. An increase in lifespan is achieved when the direction of rotation of the rope yarns of the first strand layer 25, 26 opposite to the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands 21.23 of the second strand layer 27.28 or vice versa becomes.

The directions of rotation "S" and "Z", i. H. the helical slope direction of the aramid fibers Rope yarns of a strand 21,22,23,24 and the strands 21,22,23,24 in the ropes 14, 15, 14 ', 15' are defined by the fact that at the S twist the rope yarns and / or the strands 22,24 all are stranded together in one direction so that they are helically lying the middle section of the Follow the letter "S"; hence the name "S-rotation". The same applies to stranding with Z twist, in which the elements 21, 23 to be stranded likewise all uniform towards the middle section of the The letter "Z" lie helically together and the stranding is therefore referred to as Z rotation.

As mentioned above, those for the twin rope 3.3 'used strands 20,21,22,23,24,35,36,37 Aramid fiber yarns twisted. Every single aramid fiber yarn, and also the strands 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 35, 36, 37 themselves to protect the fibers with an impregnating agent e.g. Treated polyurethane, polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride. The Impregnation can then depending on the desired. Alternating bending power, for example between 10 and 60% lie.

The entire outer circumference of the ropes 14 and 15 is one Cable sheath 17 encased in plastic material, such as for example rubber, polyurethane, polyolefin, Polyvinyl chloride or polyamide. The elastic in each case deformable material is on the ropes 14 and 15 ' injected or extruded and then connected compacted. This causes the rope sheath material to penetrate from the outside in all gaps between the strands 22,24 am Outer circumference and fills it. The created with it Binding of the cable sheath 17 to the ropes 14 and 15 is so found that only slight relative movements between Strands 22, 24 of the cables 14, 15 and the cable sheath 17 occur; rather, it serves in one piece according to the invention trained over both ropes 14,15 rope sheath 17 a Distance 19 between the two tossing ropes 14, 15 bridging connecting web 18, which as Torque bridge under the longitudinal load of the twin rope 3 arising, due to the rope construction, oppositely oriented torques of the cables 14, 15 cancel each other out and thus over the entire cross section of the twin rope 3 according to the invention Torque compensation between the sum of all right and of all left-handed strands.

The outer contour of the rope sheath 17 of the twin rope 3 is dumbbell-shaped to make a better one Power transmission or a constant coefficient of friction in the Order of magnitude greater than 0.18 and support effect through the Groove flanks to further increase the service life cause. The use of the twin ropes is also on one cylindrical, oval, concave, rectangular or wedge-shaped rope groove possible. This will be accordingly External profile of the twin ropes, 30 adjusted. For example, a trained in the longitudinal direction of the rope Rib interacting with one complementary to it provided groove shape for exact tracking of the Twin rope on the rope pulley.

In a second embodiment according to Figure 3 the twin rope 30 from two in opposite Direction of rotation "S", "Z" stranded ropes 31,32, the torsion-proof and in their parallel, spaced-apart position fixed to each other by a common cable sheath 33 are. Apart from the different direction of rotation "S", "Z" of the ropes 31, 32, the twin rope 30 is symmetrical built up to the longitudinal axis 34 of the rope.

The ropes 31 and 32 each consist of three groups of Strands 35,36,37 with different diameters. The Number of yarns in all strands 35, 36, 37 of the twin rope is 30 is the same and depends on the desired diameter of the Ropes 31, 32 to be manufactured In the exemplary embodiment, three strands 35 with Z twist are closed stranded in a rope core with an S twist. Around this rope core there are another three strands 36 in parallel lay stranded, which closely fits the outer contour of the rope core invest. After all, the gaps between the strands 35, 36 stranded together on the outer circumference of the rope 31 filled with strands 37 of the third group. These strands 37 are also parallel and helical to the rope 31 stranded. The structure of the rope 32 differs compared to the rope 31 exclusively by opposite directions of rotation "S", "Z" of the aramid yarns and Strands.

The cable sheath 33 is flat in this embodiment forms the ropes 14 ', 15' on all sides, the Width of the twin rope 30 is significantly larger than its thickness. To create a desired coefficient of friction the cable sheath 33 completely or partially here in the area of Connecting web 38 coated with suitable materials. To create a desired coefficient of friction can also or alternatively an appropriate selection for the material the traction sheave groove lining.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1-

shaft

2

cabin

3

twin rope

4

drive motor

5

traction sheave

6

cable end

7-

counterweight

8th-

double grooves

9-

compensating rope

10-

shaft bottom

11-

idler pulley

12-

idler pulley

13-

mainspring

14-

Rope with S twist

15

Z twisted rope

16-

rope longitudinal axis

17-

cable casing

18-

connecting web

19-

Distance, the ropes

20

core strand

21-

Strand, S-turn

22-

Strand, Z twist

23-

Strand, S-turn

24

Strand, Z twist

25

first strand layer, Z twist

26-

first strand layer, S-turn

27-

second strand, Z-turn

28-

second strand layer, S-turn

30

twin rope

31-

rope

32

rope

33-

cable casing

34-

rope longitudinal axis

35-

braid

36-

Strand, thick

37-

Strand, thin

Claims (9)

1. Synthetic fiber rope to be driven by a rope sheave (5), consisting of load-bearing high-tensile synthetic fiber strands (20, 22, 24; 35, 36, 37) of a first rope (14; 31) which is twisted in a first direction of twist (S) and a rope sheath (17; 33) surrounding the first rope (14; 31)
   characterized in that
   a second rope (15; 32) twisted in the opposite direction of twist (Z) to the first direction of twist (S) is arranged essentially parallel to the first twisted rope (14; 31) and at a distance (19; 39) from it, and that the two twisted ropes (14, 15; 31, 32) are fixed in their parallel relationship to each other, and so as not to rotate, by means of a common rope sheath (17; 33), and that the rope sheath (17; 33) is a torque support which mutually compensates torques in opposite directions about a longitudinal rope axis which arise when the synthetic fiber rope passes over the rope sheave (5).
2. Synthetic fiber rope according to Claim 1, characterized in that
   the synthetic fiber rope (3; 30),
   except for the different directions of twist (S, Z), of the twisted ropes (14, 15; 31, 32) is constructed symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the rope (16; 34).
3. Synthetic fiber rope according to Claim 1, characterized in that
   the strands (20, 21, 22, 23, 24; 35, 36, 37) consist of aramid fibers lying parallel to each other.
4. Synthetic fiber rope according to Claim 1, characterized in that
   synthetic fibers with twist S are laid into strands (21, 23) with twist S, and synthetic fibers with twist Z are laid into strands (22, 24) with twist Z.
5. Synthetic fiber rope according to Claim 1, characterized in that
   synthetic fibers with twist S are laid into strands (21, 23) with twist Z, and synthetic fibers with twist Z are laid into strands with twist S.
6. Synthetic fiber rope according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that
   strands (21, 23) with twist S are laid into a rope (15; 32) with twist Z, and strands (22, 24) with twist Z are laid into a rope (14; 31) with twist S.
7. Synthetic fiber rope according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
   the cross section of the rope sheath (17; 33) either has the shape of a dumbbell or is flat.
8. Synthetic fiber rope according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that
   the rope sheath (17; 23) is constructed in one piece.
9. Synthetic fiber rope according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that
   the rope sheath (17; 33) has a cylindrical, oval, concave, rectangular, or wedge-shaped cross section.

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