Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the invention relates to "light duty liquid” (LDL) cleaning agents, in particular Containing hand dishwashing detergents and household cleaning agents Fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates as particularly skin-friendly, environmentally compatible Surfactant with a very good washability and good solubility behavior.
• LDL light duty liquid
• Non-surface-active organic solvents such as ethanol, glycol, polyglycols or solubilizers, for example alkylbenzenesulfonates with short chain lengths, such as, for example, toluene or xylene sulfonate, are usually used for this. It is desirable to be able to dispense with those compounds which have little or no washing activity.
• the invention relates to light duty liquid cleaning agents, in particular liquid hand dishwashing detergents and household cleaning agents, containing anionic surfactants and fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates of the formula 1 R 1 -COO (AO) m -R 2 wherein R 1 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group with 5 to 22, preferably 7 to 17 carbon atoms, R 2 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl chain with 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably 1 or 2 C atoms, AO for a C 2 -C 4 alkylene oxide unit and m is a number from 1 to 20, preferably 4 to 12, in particular 5 to 10.
• fatty acid alkyl ester oxyalkylates are prepared by processes known per se, namely either by oxalkylation of fatty acid alkyl esters in the presence of a suitable catalyst or catalyst system such as, for example, potassium hydroxide or sodium methylate, or by esterification of oxyalkylated alcohols with fatty acids in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, alkanesulfonic acids, Alkylarylsulfonic acid, ZnCl 2 , phosphoric acid.
• a suitable catalyst or catalyst system such as, for example, potassium hydroxide or sodium methylate
• an acidic catalyst such as sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, alkanesulfonic acids, Alkylarylsulfonic acid, ZnCl 2 , phosphoric acid.
• those compounds of formula 1 are used which are narrow Have a range of the degree of polyalkoxylation (so-called “narrow range” oxalkylates), in particular those narrow-range oxyalkylates of the formula 1 which are less than 14% by weight of compounds containing not more than (a - 3) -AO groups and less than 16% by weight of compounds containing not among (a + 3) -AO groups, where a is the number of -AO groups with the designated maximum frequency.
• the amount of alkoxylated analogous compounds containing 7 and less than 7 -AO groups (a - 3), less than 14 wt .-%.
• the amount of alkoxylated Compounds with a degree of alkoxylation of 13 or more than 13 less than 16% by weight is the amount of alkoxylated analogous compounds containing 7 and less than 7 -AO groups (a - 3), less than 14 wt .-%.
• Such narrow-range fatty acid alkyl ester oxyalkylates are obtained when one carries out the oxyalkylation reaction in the presence of the following catalysts:
• the non-esterified carboxyl group is completely converted into the form of the alkaline earth metal salt.
• Partially neutralized Ca salts of succinic acid half-esters substituted with C 8 -C 30 -alkyl radicals (EP-A-657 410); Alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds from the group of hydroxides, oxides and alcoholates (EP-A-0 335 295); Ca / Al-containing or Ca / Ti-containing catalyst system (US-A-5 220 046).
• alkoxylation catalysts are partially neutralized Alkaline earth metal salts of dicarboxylic acid half esters as described in DE 198 07 991.5.
• fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates can be used as nonionic surfactants in the agents according to the invention alone or in a mixture with other nonionic Surfactants, for example with alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides, Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol esters, Fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, Fatty acid glucamides, poly oil fatty acid esters, sugar esters, sorbitan esters and Polysorbates and / or alkoxylated fatty alcohols are used.
• the share of nonionic surfactants in total on the total amount of all surfactants in the LDL cleaning agents according to the invention are generally 1 to 50% by weight, the proportion of fatty acid alkyl ester oxyalkylates in the total amount of nonionic Surfactants is approximately 75 to 100% by weight.
• the LDL formulations according to the invention also contain anionic surfactants in amounts of approximately 50 to 99% by weight, based on the total amount of all surfactants.
• Preferred anionic surfactants are C 8 -C 20 fatty acid alpha-methyl ester sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates and sec. Alkanesulfonates.
• the alkyl ether sulfates used in the agents according to the invention are water-soluble salts or acids of the formula RO (A) m SO 3 M, in which R is an unsubstituted C 10 -C 24 -alkyl or C 10 -C 24 -hydroxyalkyl radical, preferably a C 12 -C 20 alkyl or C 12 -C 20 hydroxyalkyl radical, particularly preferably C 12 -C 18 alkyl or C 12 -C 18 hydroxyalkyl radical.
• A is an ethoxy or propoxy unit
• m is a number greater than 0, preferably between 0.5 and approximately 6, particularly preferably between approximately 0.5 and approximately 3
• M is a hydrogen atom or a cation such as, for example a metal cation (e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, etc.), ammonium or a substituted ammonium cation.
• substituted ammonium cations are methyl, dimethyl, trimethylammonium and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations as well as those derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine.
• alkyl ether sulfates are C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (1.0) sulfate, (C 12 -C 18 E (1.0) M), C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (2, 25) sulfate (C 12 -C 18 E (2.25) M), C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (3.0) sulfate (C 12 -C 18 E (3.0) M), C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (4.0) sulfate (C 12 -C 18 E (4.0) M).
• the alkyl group can either be saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear and optionally with a hydroxyl group be substituted.
• the sulfo group is statistically distributed over the entire C chain, with the primary methyl groups at the beginning and end of the chain none Possess sulfonate groups.
• the preferred secondary alkanesulfonates contain linear alkyl chains with 9 to 25 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 20 Carbon atoms and particularly preferably 13 to 17 carbon atoms.
• the cation is sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium, calcium or magnesium and mixtures thereof. Sodium as a cation is simplicity preferred for the sake of it.
• the LDL formulations according to the invention also other types of anionic Contain surfactants within the limits specified above, such as Alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates and mixtures of the mentioned connections.
• Suitable cations are e.g. Sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium, as well as ammonium, substituted ammonium compounds, including mono-, di- or triethanolammonium cations, as well as mixtures of these cations.
• the anionic surfactants suitable for the present invention have surfactant properties and are water-soluble or in water dispersible.
• Alkyl sulfates here are water-soluble salts or acids of the formula ROSO 3 M, in which R is preferably a C 10 -C 24 hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with C 10 -C 20 alkyl components, particularly preferably a C 12 -C 18 alkyl radical or hydroxyalkyl radical.
• M is hydrogen or a cation, for example sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium or substituted ammonium, for example methyl, dimethyl and trimethylammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations and quaternary ammonium cations, derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine and Mixtures of these.
• alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine and Mixtures of these.
• alkylbenzenesulfonate is alkylbenzenesulfonate.
• the alkyl group can be either saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear and optionally be substituted with a hydroxyl group.
• the preferred alkylbenzenesulfonates contain linear alkyl chains with 9 to 25 Carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 13 carbon atoms, which is cation Sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium, calcium or Magnesium and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are carboxylates, for example fatty acid soaps and comparable surfactants.
• the soaps can be saturated or unsaturated and can contain various substituents, such as hydroxyl groups or alpha sulfonate groups. Linear saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon residues are preferred as the hydrophobic component in the soaps.
• the hydrophobic components usually contain 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
• anionic surfactants are salts of acylaminocarboxylic acids, which are formed by reacting fatty acid chlorides with sodium sarcosinate in an alkaline medium (acylsarcosinates), and fatty acid-protein condensation products, which are obtained by reacting fatty acid chlorides with oligopeptides.
• the salts of alkylsulfamidocarboxylic acids and the salts of alkyl and alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids also have surfactant properties.
• anionic surfactants which are useful for use in detergents and cleaning agents are C 8 -C 24 -olefin sulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids, prepared by sulfonating the pyrolysis products of alkaline earth metal citrates, as described, for example, in GB 1 082 179, alkyl glycerol sulfates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfates, oleyl glycerol sulfates , alkylphenol ether sulfates, primary paraffinsulfonates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, isethionates such as the acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurides, alkyl succinamates, sulfosuccinates, monoester of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C 12 -C 18 monoesters) and diesters of sul
• Resin acids or hydrogenated resin acids such as rosin or hydrogenated rosin or tall oil resins and tall oil resin acids can also be used. Further examples are described in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents” (Vol. I and II, Schwartz, Perry and Berch). A large number of such surfactants are also described in US 3,929,678.
• anionic surfactants are also alkyl ether sulfonates, Glycerol ether sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, Glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfate, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and Dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, Amide soaps, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, alkyl amino sugar sulfates and alkyl (ether) phosphates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, you can use a conventional or narrow homolog distribution exhibit.
• foam-reinforcing co-surfactants can be used in the agents according to the invention from the group alkyl betaines, alkyl amido betaines, aminopropionates, Aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines, amine oxides and Fatty acid alkanolamides or polyhydroxyamides in the weight amounts 1 to 18% be used.
• sec. C 8 -C 21 - in addition to the fatty acid alkyl ester ethoxylates and optionally other nonionic surfactants, sec. C 8 -C 21 -, in particular C 12 -C 18 alkane sulfonate, for example the product available under the trade name Hostapur® SAS (Clariant GmbH), optionally in a mixture with C 12 -C 14 alkyl triglycol ether sulfate, Na salt (Genapol® ZRO , Clariant GmbH) and cocoamidopropylbetaine (Genagen® CAB, Clariant GmbH) are used in the LDL formulations according to the invention.
• the total amount of all surfactants is in generally 15 to 70, preferably 15 to 55 wt .-%, based on the Total weight of the LDL formulations.
• the formulations according to the invention contain in addition to the surfactants mentioned, the specific and customary auxiliaries and Additives, for example builders, salts, solubilizers, enzymes, Thickeners, preservatives, fragrances and dyes, pearlescent agents, Emulsifiers and sequestering agents.
• the specific and customary auxiliaries and Additives for example builders, salts, solubilizers, enzymes, Thickeners, preservatives, fragrances and dyes, pearlescent agents, Emulsifiers and sequestering agents.
• Suitable and in particular ecologically harmless Builder substances such as finely crystalline, synthetic water-containing zeolites of the type NaA, which has a calcium binding capacity in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO / g have a preferred use.
• Zeolite and the layered silicates can be contained in an amount up to 20 wt .-% in the average.
• Usable organic builders are, for example, the preferred ones in the form of their Sodium salts used percarboxylic acids such as citric acid and nitriloacetate (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, provided that such use from ecological Reasons is not objectionable.
• polymers can also be used Carboxylates and their salts are used. These include, for example Salts of homopolymeric or copolymeric polyacrylates, polymethylacrylates and in particular copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid, and also Polyvinyl pyrrolidone and urethanes.
• the relative molecular weight of the homopolymers is generally between 1000 and 100,000, that of the copolymers between 2000 and 200,000, preferably 50,000 to 120,000, based on the free acid,
• water-soluble polyacrylates are also suitable, for example with about 1% of a sugar polyallyl ether are cross-linked and the one is relative Have a molecular mass above one million.
• Examples of this are those under Names Carbopol® 940 and 941 available polymers.
• the cross-linked Polyacrylates are used in amounts not exceeding 1% by weight, preferably in amounts of 0.2 to 0.7 wt .-% used. These builders can be used in amounts up to 5 wt .-% are used.
• the desired viscosity of the agent can be added by adding water and / or organic solvents or by adding a combination of organic Solvents and thickeners can be adjusted.
• Alcohols into consideration Alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as Methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, straight-chain and branched butanol, Glycerin and mixtures of the alcohols mentioned.
• Further preferred alcohols are polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight below 2000.
• polyethylene glycol with a relative Molecular mass between 200 and 600 and in amounts up to 45 wt .-% and from Polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight between 400 and 600 in Amounts of 5 to 25% by weight are preferred.
• An advantageous mix of Solvents consist of monomeric alcohol, such as ethanol and Polyethylene glycol in a ratio of 0.5: 1 to 1.2: 1.
• Suitable solvents are, for example, triacetin (glycerol triacetate) and 1-methoxy-2-propanol.
• Hardened castor oil salts of long chain fatty acids, preferably in amounts of 0 to 5 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 2% by weight, for example Sodium, potassium, aluminum, magnesium and titanium stearates or the sodium and / or potassium salts of behenic acid, and polysaccharides, in particular Xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, Carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, also higher molecular weight Polyethylene glycol monoesters and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone and electrolytes such as table salt and ammonium chloride.
• Enzymes come from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases or their mixture in question. Their proportion can be 0.2 to 1% by weight.
• the enzymes can be adsorbed on carrier substances and / or in coating substances be embedded.
• Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, Formaldehyde solution, pentanediol or sorbic acid.
• pearlescent agents examples include glycol distearic acid esters such as Ethylene glycol distearate, but also fatty acid monoglycol esters into consideration.
• Sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate for example, come as salts or adjusting agents or sodium silicate (water glass).
• Typical examples of other additives are sodium borate, starch, Sucrose, polydextrose, RAED, stilbene compounds, methyl cellulose, Toluene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, soaps and silicones.
• the products according to the invention are characterized by very good storage stability and good skin-friendliness with high cleanability.
• composition A Genapol ZRO 4.90% C 12 -C 14 + 7.5 EO MEE 6.00% Hostapur SAS 60 14.70% Genagen CAB 2.40% B E-water ad 100% C. Acticide SPX- (L) 0.20% by weight
• composition A Genapol LRO 20.4% C 12 -C 14 + 7.5 EO MEE 10.2% C 10 -C 14 LAS 12.3% Genagen CAB 3.0% Alkanolamide 1.7% Ethanol 8.5% B water ad 100% C. Acticide SPX- (L) 0.20% by weight
• a Genapol DU 80 6.0% Fatty acid mixture 5.0% (Prifac 7949: palm kernel / oleic acid potassium hydroxide (w 85%) 0.8% Triethanolamine 0.69% The percentages by weight are based on 100% detergent substance.
• C. Hostapur SAS 60 5.10% Tri-sodium citrate-2 hydrate 5.00%
• D Ethanol 2.00% Citric acid 1 hydrate 0.20%
• Hostapur®SAS 60 secondary sodium alkane sulfonate (approx. 60% WAS)
• Genapol® LRO C 12 -C 14 sodium alkyl diglycol ether sulfate (approx. 30% WAS)
• Genagen®LAB C 12 -C 14 alkyl dimethyl betaine (approx. 30% WAS)
• Genagen® CAB Cocoamidopropyl betaine
• Genapol DU 080 C 11 oxo alcohol polyglycol ether with 8 ethylene oxide
• Genapol ZRO C 12 -C 14 sodium alkyl triglycol ether sulfate (approx.
• the cleaning ability of the dishwashing detergent was based on the so-called “Mini-plate” test, the skin-friendliness of the agent according to the invention "Zein test” determined and compared with reference formulations 1 and 2.
• composition A Genapol ZRO 7.00% by weight Hostapur SAS 60 21.00% by weight B E-water ad 100% by weight
• the initial temperature (target: 47 +/- 2 ° C) is determined and foam is generated for 1 minute using a stirrer-driven circulator with a speed of 300 rpm. Then remove the dirt from a watch glass with the washing-up brush for 20 to 25 seconds while the circulator is running.
• the number of cleaned mini-plates is proportional to the amount of inserted Fat and starch and is given as a measure of the washing performance of the washing liquor.
• the solubility of zein, a protein from the coating substance of the corn kernel, in Surfactant solutions represent a measure of the skin tolerance of surfactants
• Zeintest is a relationship between the amount of zein dissolved Surfactant solutions and the assets of these surfactant solutions, the ultimate To loosen epidermal layers.
• the determination of the dissolved by the surfactant The amount of zein is determined by determining the nitrogen contained in the zein according to Kjeldahl. The higher the nitrogen value, the higher the proportion of the dissolved Zeins and the worse the skin tolerance.

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Citations (2)

• 1998
  • 1998-10-31 DE DE1998150222 patent/DE19850222A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-10-20 EP EP99120731A patent/EP0997522A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-10-29 JP JP30951199A patent/JP2000136400A/ja not_active Withdrawn

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