EP0954639A1

EP0954639A1 - Moulded brick building set

Info

Publication number: EP0954639A1
Application number: EP98904117A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rolf Scheiwiller
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-01-25
Filing date: 1998-01-22
Publication date: 1999-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-22
Also published as: HU227063B1; EP0954639B1; SK285495B6; HUP0001021A2; WO1998032925A1; HUP0001021A3; CZ262999A3; ATE227791T1; SI20080A; PL334804A1; SK100799A3; CZ293089B6

Abstract

A moulded brick building set is inserted in a pavement. In order to provide various laying possibilities with bricks of various sizes, the moulded bricks have on their side walls mutually adapted spacers which mesh with each other.

Description

"Stone kit"

Description:

The invention relates to a molded block kit according to the preamble of claim 1.

Shaped stones and in particular paving stones are known in various embodiments. They are used for the design of gardens, paths and also for the attachment of passable areas. Such paving stones can have laterally axially parallel flat side surfaces, the paving stones being able to be laid with or without a joint. In order to secure the installed paving stones against lateral displacement, they are also provided with side gears or positive connections. The form-fitting connection can be made over a large area (DE 31 16 540 C2; US 34 94,266) or by means of interlocking toothing elements (DE 92 01 491 Ul; EP 00 60 961 B1). In the prior art mentioned, the toothing or connection takes place essentially over the entire side wall, so that joints, gaps or other gaps between adjacent stones are generally not present. However, teeth can also be formed by means of spacers on the side walls which engage in one another in a form-fitting manner, as is the case, for example, in DE 40 36 461 A1, DE 89 13 777 Ul or DE 37 43 035 AI is shown. The spacers can create gaps or joints between the laid paving stones, which enable secure wedging or interlocking between the stones and better drainage of the laid surface. In this context, there is a clear tendency when using such stone systems to the effect that sealing of the surfaces should be avoided as far as possible, ie rainwater should be able to drain off or seep off onto the entire covering as far as possible. This can be made possible with spacers with gaps.

The known paving stone systems have the disadvantage, however, that due to the mostly uninterrupted interlocking or interlocking surface design of the side surfaces, they do not guarantee joint formation with the possibility of problem-free drainage. If the known paving stones have only a few spacers on their side walls as toothing elements and joint-forming agents, they are not suitable, however, for use in a molded block kit. A disadvantage of the known paving stones is that the corner areas of the stones are exposed to a high load which may destroy them.

The invention has for its object to propose a molded block kit, in which the formation of uniform joints and a problematic seepage of water is guaranteed within the entire surface, while maintaining mutual anchoring when lateral displacement forces occur. A high degree of flexibility in terms of design options should be guaranteed. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to reduce the load on the sensitive corner areas of the stones.

This task is based on a paving stone after the Preamble of claim 1 solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The measures mentioned in the subclaims allow advantageous and expedient further developments and designs of the invention.

The invention provides various shaped stones and in particular paving stones, which are suitable in the kit for insertion into a paving stone association, d. H. for inclusion in an area-wide, grid-shaped grid. Lateral spacers are provided, which allow the formation of gaps and thus also serve for problem-free drainage of the surface. The spacers are designed on the side surfaces of the paving stones in such a way that a lateral form-fitting anchoring between the abutting abutment surfaces is ensured, the anchoring providing for protection of the corner regions of the stone form due to the arrangement of the spacers.

The invention further provides a molded stone kit which consists of paving stones of different sizes. For this purpose, the lateral spacers must be configured and coordinated with one another in such a way that a reliable lateral anchoring or toothing is ensured for all stone sizes, i. H. it should be guaranteed a tilt-stable toothing over almost all adjacent side surfaces. Special gaps between the individual spacers enable an optimal drainage effect while at the same time protecting the corner areas of the stones that are particularly stressed when laid or when laying.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment given below and the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment for a

Shaped stone kit in plan view in schematic representation,

2 shows the shaped blocks according to FIG. 1 in individual representation and perspective view,

Fig. 3 an expanded compared to Fig. 1 kit in plan view and schematic representation and

Fig. 4 shows the additional components shown in Fig. 3 in a perspective view.

Description of the embodiments;

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the shaped stone kit consists of rectangular and square individual stones 1 to 12. According to the horizontal and vertical auxiliary lines 13, 13 'shown in FIG. 1, each paving stone 1 to 12 is composed of one or more square segments 14 together with the edge length lχ.

In Fig. 1, a rectangular foundation stone 1 is shown, the shorter side wall 15 has a length 12-2 x 1 \ and the longer side wall 16 has a length I3 = 3 x 1 \. The top view of the foundation stone 1 shown in FIG. 1 can accordingly be composed of six square segments 14.

1 further shows a 1/2 stone 2, which takes up half the area of the foundation stone 1 and through an elongated section along the horizontal auxiliary line 13 'is formed in the foundation stone 1 by halving the shorter side wall 15. The 1/2 stone 2 accordingly has an identical longer side wall 16 with the length I3 and a shorter side wall 17 with the length 1 \.

The foundation stone 1 is assigned a further 1/3 stone 3, which according to the top view in FIG. 1 comprises an area of two square segments 14, with a longer side wall 15 with the length I2 = 2 x lj and the shorter side wall 17 with the Length 1 \.

Halving the 1/3 stone 3 results in a 1/6 stone 4 as a small square stone with the side length 1 \. The associated side wall is again designated 17.

If the stone shapes 2 to 4 represent reduced embodiments of the base stone 1, this shape increases with the 1 1/2 stone 5, which is composed of nine square segments 14 in its surface and thereby obtains a square contour with the side length I3. Its area also results from a composition of the shaped stones 1 and 2. The side walls 16 of the 1 1/2 stone have a length I3, corresponding to the longer side edge 16 of the base stone 1.

If the area of the base stone 1 is doubled, a rectangular double stone 6 with a shorter side wall 16 with the length I3 and the longer side wall 18 with the length I4 = 2 x I2 = 4 x 1 \ results. The double brick 6 is therefore composed of twelve square segments 14 in terms of its surface area.

An expansion of the paving stone kit according to FIG. 1 results from the illustration in FIG. 3. The square shaped stone 5 with an edge length of Side wall 16 with I3, ie the longer side wall of the base stone 1, the normal square stone 7 in FIG. 3 is formed from the edge length I2, ie the shorter side wall 15 of the base stone 1. Accordingly, its surface consists of four square segments 14.

If you double the square stone 7 with the edge length 12 _/ this results in a rectangular second double stone 8, with the shorter side length I2 of the shorter side wall 15 and the longer side length I4 = 2 x I2 of the longer side wall 18. The longer side wall 18 corresponds to the equally long side wall 18 of the first double stone 6.

A quadrupling of the area in plan view of the small square stone 7 or a doubling of the area of the second double stone 8 leads to a large square stone or quadruple stone 9 with the side length

I4 of 2 x I2 = 4 x lj.

The stone shapes 1 to 9 are supplemented, as shown in FIG. 3, by the corner stone 10, which in plan view consists of two small square stones 7 with the edge length I2 touching in a corner 21, supplemented by a diagonal segment 20, which is represented by a diagonally cut square stone 7 is created. The sectional diagonal 19 'with the length I5 = 2 x I2 in the square stone 7 consequently results in the diagonally running outer wall 19 or inclined surface 19 in the shaped stone 10. Accordingly, the corner stone can also be composed of two square stones 7 and a diagonally cut square stone 7 as a "diagonal element" 20 be, with appropriate additional spacers.

3, the paving stone system is further supplemented by a "diagonal stone" 11, which in principle corresponds to the arrangement of the corner stone 10 in which, however, the diagonal segment 20 is arranged in mirror image at the corner 21 twice, so that two diagonal segments 20 ', 20''result. For the sake of understanding, the additional diagonal 19 ″ is indicated in corner stone 10. Here, too, this stone 11 can be composed of two square stones 7 and two separate “diagonal elements” 20 *, 20 ″.

All shaped blocks 1 to 11 have spacers 22 arranged identically on their outer walls 15 to 19 in the basic concept.

All spacers 22 have, as shown in FIG. 1, a trapezoidal cross-section seen in plan view, with a base side 23 lying on the respective side wall and having a length Iξ. The trapezoidal height of each spacer 22 is indicated by h \ as an example on the foundation stone 1 and essentially determines the joint width of adjacent shaped stones. Unlike illustrated in FIG. 1 for explanation, the trapezoid outer sides 24 of the spacers 22 generally touch the respective opposite side walls 15 to 19 of the adjacent stone.

The arrangement of the spacers 22 is carried out as shown on the foundation stone 1 in such a way that starting from each corner 25 of the respective shaped blocks 1 to 12 in a direction of the first side wall (for example 16 in the shaped block 1) there is a small gap 26 with a width a and a large gap 27 with the width b is formed in the other direction of the other side wall (for example 15 for shaped block 1) before the respective first spacer 28 or 29 follows. The distance or the gap width a is chosen approximately equal to the uniform width c of the spacers 22 of the shaped blocks 1 to 11, the width c corresponding to the base length I of the trapezoid shown.

6 The distance or the gap width b of the larger gap 27 is chosen as a double value of the gap width a ie b «2« a «2 * c. This measure means that every corner of the shaped blocks remains free of spacers 22 at an appropriate distance. As a result, there are no loads, corner pressures, ie no pressures on the corner areas, which leads to avoiding damage during installation and when loaded in the installed state. Furthermore, the gaps 26, 27 form sufficient space for good water drainage, at least in the corner region of all stones, which can be supported by further gaps in the central region of the side surfaces of the stones. Each shaped block 1 to 11 has a corresponding arrangement of spacers 28, 29 in the respective corner area.

If the arrangement of the spacers 28, 29 with associated gaps 26, 27 described above is reduced to the 1/6 stone 4 in FIG. 1, only one spacer remains on each side wall 17 for a stone shape with the edge length 1 \. Here the spacers 28, 29 coincide in their meaning, depending on the corner from which they are viewed. The same applies to the corner areas of the short side walls 17 in the case of the shaped stones 2 and 3.

In the longer side walls 15, 16, 18 with the lengths 12, I3, I4 shown in FIG. 1, additional spacers are provided on the side walls for producing a positive toothing between the shaped stones. It is important that each alternatively imagined square segment 14 with its side length li has either a spacer 29, 29 * at a distance b from the corner 25 of the stone or a corner 30 of the respective square segment 14, and over a length c this side wall section with the length 1 \ extends. The smaller gap with the distance a then remains at the other corner 31 of this respective segment 14. For this z. B. referred to the stone 5. Accordingly, if there is only one spacer on a square segment 14 on its outer surface, the edge length lχ is determined by the dimensions a + c + b, with a the small gap, b the large gap and c the width of the respective spacer 22, 29 This is shown in FIG. 1 for the foundation stone 1 on the upper longer side wall 16.

As the longer side walls 12 to I4 in FIG. 1 also show, the spacer 28 with the shorter distance a to the respective stone corner 25 is followed by a further spacer 32 in the associated square segment, which begins in the corner 31 of the adjacent square segment and overlaps the width c extends. In such a square segment 14 'with the length 1 \, the order starting from the corner 25 of the shaped block is through the gap a plus the width c of the first spacer 28 plus the gap 33 with the width a for inserting an adjacent spacer plus the distance c of the second spacer 32 is determined.

In all side walls 15 to 18, a second spacer 32 follows in the respective square segment 14 after the first spacer 28 from the corner 25 at a distance a. The next following square segment then only has the following spacer with a length I2 of the side wall 15 29 or 29 '. This corresponds to the arrangement of the basic length I2 for shaped stones 1, 2 and 3.

If the side wall is extended from length I2 to length I3 according to stone form 1 and 2, an additional square segment with length 1] is attached to length 12 "with the additional spacer 29 '. If this spacer 29' is located at a distance b from the corner area 25, so this coincides with the spacer 29.

Each opposite side of each shaped block 1 to 6 is diagonally symmetrical, i. H. the respective side wall 15 to 18 is present on the opposite side rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. As a result, the occupancy patterns of the spacers 28, 29, 32 are basically repeated at a distance of 12, 12 'plus any square segment 14 with the length 1 \ that may still be present.

The width of the respective spacers and the gaps between them form a single or multiple of the corresponding dimensions in order to enable problem-free interlocking when pushing the stones together. In the case of stone shapes with lengths I3 and I4, gaps are formed not only in the corner area but also in the middle area of the stone for better water drainage. This follows from the spacers 29 'which are only occasionally attached in the respective square segments.

The basic principle of the spacers accordingly shows the length section I2 of the side walls 15 in the exemplary embodiments, in which two spacers 28, 32 are arranged in a square segment 14 'and a third spacer 29 in the subsequent segment of this side wall 15. The two spacers 28, 32 correspond when the stones are joined to the spacer 29 of the adjacent paving stone, i. H. the spacer 29 positively engages in the gap 33 between the spacers 28, 32.

If the side wall with the length I2 is increased by a single or multiple of the length section 1 \ in accordance with the length dimensions I3 and I4, the respective side wall 16, 18 is consequently made with additional ones

REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Spacers 29 ', 32' are fitted, which in turn lie in the grid dimension corresponding to the grid lines 13. As shown in Fig. 1 on the shaped block 1, the longer side wall 15 with the length I3 is composed of a length section I2 'plus a length section li, the length section I2' meaning a conversion of the length section I2 of the shorter side wall 14 counterclockwise . The two spacers 28, 32 of the side wall 15 then become the corresponding spacers 28, 32 on 1 ₂ '. The side wall 16 is accordingly composed of a side wall 15 of the shorter side wall of the shaped block plus the side wall 17 of the shaped blocks 2 to 4.

Opposite sides of all shaped stones 1 to 9 are arranged diagonally symmetrically, i. H. each transferred in the same direction on the stone.

In the stone shape according to the shaped stone 6, the longer side wall 17 is extended to twice I2, so that the scheme of the three spacers 28, 32, 29 of the side wall 15 is doubled. This is shown by representation I2 '. If the side wall 15 with the length I2 is consequently placed twice in succession, the side wall 18 with the length I4 results.

The arrangement of the spacers described above also continues in the additional shaped block variants shown in FIG. 3. The paving stones 7, 8 and 9 also have the characteristic sequence of two spacers 28, 29 starting from each corner 25, which include one or more spacers between them. This is shown in a certain spaced-apart state in FIG. 3.

The respective inclined surfaces 19 of the shaped blocks 10, 11 also have two spacers spaced from the corner area 28 ', 29', which are at a distance a 'or b' from the respective corner 25 '. A corresponding adjustment of the distances a ', b' and c 'takes place again. The inclined surfaces 19 of the stones 10, 11 correspond to the diagonals 19 'of the square stone 7, so that the arrangement and dimensions of the inclined surface 19 or diagonals 19' result from I5 = / 2 x 1 ₂ . The dimensions of the spacers 28 ", 29 ', 32' also result from this calculation rule, ie c '= cx Λ / 2, a' = ax 2 and b '= bx V2.

The individual shaped blocks are shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 again in a perspective view. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals. Similarly, the side walls 15 to 19 are each shown with a corresponding design of spacers.

According to the representation of the foundation stone 1 in FIG. 2, it has a height H. The spacers 22 extend from the bottom surface 34 to a height h2, which does not extend to the upper surface 35 of the respective shaped block, but ends at a distance d below the upper surface 35. As a result, the toothed spacers are not visible when installed.

As mentioned, opposite surfaces of each shaped block are of identical design, the arrangement of the spacers in a circumferential direction of rotation, i. H. is made diagonally symmetrical.

The perspective representations of the shaped blocks 7 to 11 in FIG. 4 correspond to those from FIG. 3. The same parts are again provided with the same reference numerals.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, all the shaped stones 1 to 11 can be laid in a predetermined grid system, the side walls in principle

GEL 26 can be positively guided into one another. This results in a large number of possible laying patterns. The grid dimension is R = nx 1] + 2 xl / 2h with spacers lying against one another, n = 1 to 4 and hl being the height of the spacer 22.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment described and illustrated. Rather, it also includes all additions and improvements within the scope of the property right claims. So as indicated, individual stones can also be broken down into partial stones, such as. B. a diagonal section through the square stone 7 to obtain the diagonal elements 20, 20 ', 20' ', which in turn have corresponding spacers on all sides. Due to the calculation rule I5 = I2 x 2, the corresponding dimensions on the inclined surface 19 increase.

A square supplementary stone 12 (hypotenuse stone) with the side length I5 = 2 x I2 for the lateral continuation of the inclined surfaces 19 as indicated in FIG. 3 would also be possible.

Finally, the small square stone 4 or the side surfaces 17 of the shaped stones 2, 3 in FIG. 1 or 3, as shown in FIG. 2, can also be designed as special surfaces 17 'of special stones 2', 3 ', 4' with a further spacer 36, 36 'starting in the corner area in order to obtain a flat or two-point contact surface during machine clamping in order to prevent twisting or tilting.

Claims

Expectations:

1. Molded stone kit, in particular for insertion into a paving stone dressing, which can be laid in an area-wide, lattice-shaped grid and has spacers on its side walls to form a toothing, wherein at least one shaped stone consists of a multiple of a square segment arranged in the grid and each one The adjacent stone adjacent side surface of the respective square segment has at least one spacer, characterized in that the shaped stone (1-12) of the shaped stone kit has a gap (a, b) on both sides in the region of its corners (25) which is at least the width c of a Spacer (22) or a multiple thereof.

2. molded block kit according to claim 1, characterized in that each side (15 to 19) of the molded block (1 to 12) to a corner (25) has a smaller gap (26) with the width a to a subsequent spacer

(28) and to the other corner (25) a larger gap (27) with the width b to a subsequent spacer

(29), the width a corresponding approximately to the single and the width b approximately twice the width c of the spacers (28, 29).

3. molded block kit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in a molded block (1 to 3, 5 to 11) with more than one square segment (14) with the length li each in a corner (25) of Formstone lying segment (14) has on one outside one (29) and on the other outside two (28, 32) spacers (22) on the segment.

4. molded block kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outside of a square segment (14) pointing to a neighboring stone, which is not arranged in the corner region of a shaped stone, has at least one spacer (29 ') which has a small gap a and a large gap b the respective corner points (30, 31) of this square segment.

5. molded block kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the facing a neighboring block outside of another square segment (14), which is not arranged in the corner region of a molded block, two spacers (28 ', 32') has, one of which adjoins in the corner region of this square segment.

6. molded block kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that opposite side walls (15 to 19) of a molded block (1 to 12) with the same arrangement of spacers (22), but diagonally symmetrical or in have the same direction of rotation all around.

7. Molded brick kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rectangular foundation stone (1) is provided which, in plan view, contains an area of six square segments (14) with a side length 1 \, with a side length distribution of the side walls (16, 15) from I3 = 3 x li to I2 = 2 x lj, the respectively shorter side wall (15) having three spacers (28, 29, 32) and the respectively longer side wall (16) one, compared to the shorter side wall ( 15) additional third length section with the length li with a further spacer (29 ') at a distance b from the corner area

(25).

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26)

8. molded block kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a 1/2 stone (2) is provided, the longer side wall (16) of the longer side wall (16) with the length I3 and the shorter side wall (17 ) corresponds to half the length I2 / 2 of the shorter side wall (15) or the length li of a square segment (14) of the base stone (1), the shorter side wall (17) having one or two spacers (28, 29, 36) .

9. shaped stone kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further 1/3 stone (3) is provided, the longer side wall (15) of the shorter side wall (15) with the length I2 of the base stone (1) corresponds and the respectively shorter side wall (17) has a spacer (22) which is at a distance a or b from the respective one.

10. Molded brick kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first small square brick (4) (1/6 brick) is provided, the four side walls (17) each one at a distance a and b from the corner region (25) have arranged spacers (22), the side length lj corresponding to half the side length I2 / 2 of the shaped block (1) or the side length II of a square segment (14) and that the block (4) is preferably a further spacer (36, 36 ' ) is assigned to each side surface (17) in the corner area.

11. Molded brick kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second large square brick (5) is provided, the side wall (16) of which corresponds to the longer side wall (16) with the length I3 of the base brick (1).

12. Molded stone kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further central square stone (7) is provided, the side wall (15) of which corresponds to the shorter side wall (15) with the length 12 of the base stone (1).

13. Stone block kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fourth square stone (9) is provided, the respective side length (18) with the length I4 of a doubling of the shorter side length (15) with the length I2 of the base stone (1 ) corresponds.

14. Molded stone kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first rectangular double brick (6) is provided, the respective longer side wall (18) of the doubling of the shorter side wall (15; 2 x I2) of the base stone (1) and whose shorter side wall (16) corresponds to the longer side wall (16) with the length I3 of the base stone (1).

15. Molded brick kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further rectangular double brick (8) is provided, the respective longer side wall (18) of the doubling of the short side wall (15; 2 x I2) of the base stone (1) and whose shorter side wall (15) corresponds to the simple length I2 of the short side wall (15) of the foundation stone (1).

16. Stone block kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base stone (1) from two 1/2 stones (2) can be assembled, each with spacers (22) on all sides.

SPARE BLADE (RULE 26)

17. Molded stone kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a corner stone (10) is provided which consists of two in a corner (21) touching square surfaces with the side length 12 corresponding to the short side length (15) of the base stone

(I) and a diagonal element (20) connecting these surfaces, all outer surfaces (15) having a tooth system (28, 29, 32) and the diagonal surface (19) having a corresponding tooth system (28 ', 29', 32 ') .

18. Molded brick kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a diagonal brick

(II) is provided, which is composed physically or in terms of area of two square stones (7) aligned in their diagonals (19 ') with a side length I2 corresponding to the shorter side length (15) of the base stone (1), the limiting inclined surfaces (19) correspond to the length of the diagonals (19 ') of the square (7) and are preferably attached physically.

19. Stone block kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each square stone (5, 7, 9) and / or each rectangular stone (1, 2, 3, 6, 8) can be separated in at least one diagonal (19 ') , the diagonal inclined surface (19) also being provided with spacers (28 ', 29', 32 ').

20. Molded stone kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inclined surface

(19) a further supplementary stone (12) (hypotenuse stone) is assigned, with a side edge length (I5) adapted to the respective inclined surfaces (19).