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EP0952325A2 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0952325A2
EP0952325A2 EP99105698A EP99105698A EP0952325A2 EP 0952325 A2 EP0952325 A2 EP 0952325A2 EP 99105698 A EP99105698 A EP 99105698A EP 99105698 A EP99105698 A EP 99105698A EP 0952325 A2 EP0952325 A2 EP 0952325A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling jacket
combustion engine
internal combustion
liner
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99105698A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0952325A3 (en
Inventor
Karl-Jörg Achenbach
Ulrich Bertsch
Jochen Dr. Betsch
Thomas Hardt
Hubert Schnüpke
Günther Dr. Zoll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP0952325A2 publication Critical patent/EP0952325A2/en
Publication of EP0952325A3 publication Critical patent/EP0952325A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/14—Cylinders with means for directing, guiding or distributing liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cooling jacket is part of the cylinder crankcase and the liner is inserted into the cooling jacket.
  • the force of the cylinder head bolts is at least partially transmitted to the crankcase via the cooling jacket.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the weight of a generic internal combustion engine.
  • the cooling jacket can consist of a plastic, for example a polyamide, a metal foam or another material, which has a lower specific weight than the usual cast materials. This reduces the weight of the internal combustion engine. Since these materials also generally have a low thermal conductivity, an almost heat-tight design of the cooling jacket is made possible.
  • the coolant space is preferably formed by an open channel provided in the inner surface of the cooling jacket, which is covered by the outer surface of the liner.
  • the open channel could also be arranged in the outer surface of the liner and covered by the inner surface of the cooling jacket.
  • the invention can advantageously be applied to an internal combustion engine with two or more cylinders arranged in series.
  • the cooling jacket surrounds the cylinder liners of all cylinders, i.e. has a number of cylindrical or partially cylindrical cavities corresponding to the number of cylinder liners, and it delimits its own cooling liquid chamber with the cylinder liner of each cylinder, which has its own inflow connection at the upper end and its own return flow connection communicates at the bottom of the cooling jacket. This enables individual cooling of each liner.
  • the liners can be arranged separately from one another, in which case the cooling jacket has separate cylindrical cavities for the liners, the inner surfaces of the cavities delimiting, for example, helical cooling channels with the outer surfaces of the liners.
  • transverse channels can be provided in the cooling jacket, which channels are connected on the one hand to an inflow connection and on the other hand to the start of a cooling channel.
  • the liners are cast together, that is to say formed from one component, or they abut one another.
  • the cooling jacket has a number of partially cylindrical cavities corresponding to the number of liners, the inner surfaces of which each extend around a liner up to the web between adjacent liners.
  • a coolant space in the form of a cooling channel is provided in each inner surface, which extends in a zigzag shape from one side to the other side of the web over the inner surface and at the upper end of the cooling jacket with an inflow connection and at the lower end of the cooling jacket with a backflow connection communicates.
  • transverse channels are provided in this, which are each arranged between the beginning of a zigzag-shaped cooling channel and an inflow connection.
  • the cooling jacket can have openings through which the cylinder head bolts extend. If these breakthroughs are used at the same time to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder head to the crankcase, simple and space-saving cooling of the lubricating oil is made possible by providing in the cooling jacket a chamber through which the lubricating oil flows and in which an oil cooler can be arranged to reinforce the recooling connected to the coolant circuit of the liner (s).
  • this oil cooler can have at least one plate which is in heat-conducting connection with an inflow connection for the cooling liquid which extends through the chamber.
  • the internal combustion engine has a crankcase 1, a schematically illustrated cylinder head 2 and, in the exemplary embodiment, a twin cylinder which consists of two cylinder liners 3 and 4 combined into a unit and a cooling jacket 5 surrounding them and representing a separate component consists.
  • the liners 3 and 4 are integrally formed on the crankcase 1 and extend to the cylinder head 2.
  • the cylinder head bolts (not shown) are transmitted from the cylinder head 2 to the crankcase 1 via the liners 3, 4.
  • the cooling jacket is thereby clamped between the cylinder head 2 and a bearing surface 1a on the crankcase 1 with the interposition of seals, not shown.
  • the cooling jacket 5 can be made of a light material, since it has no main task, but only serves to limit cooling channels together with the liners as described below.
  • the cooling jacket 5 can consist, for example, of a plastic, such as polyamide, a metal foam or another material with a lower specific weight than the conventional cast materials.
  • the cooling jacket 5 has two partially cylindrical cavities 6 and 7 (FIG. 4), the inner surfaces 8 and 9 of which each extend around a liner 3 and 4 as far as the web 10 connecting the two liners.
  • each inner surface 8, 9 there is an open cooling channel 11 or 12, which runs in a zigzag or serpentine form from one side to the other side of the web 10, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in which the web 10 is shown in dash-dotted lines is.
  • the cooling channels 11 and 12 are covered by the liners 3 and 4.
  • the cooling liquid is supplied to the cooling channel 11 via an inflow connection 13, which opens into a connecting channel 14 in the inner surface 8 of the cavity 7 and is connected to a transverse channel 15 in the web 10 between the liners 3, 4.
  • the other end of the transverse duct 15 opens into the upper end 16 of the cooling duct 11.
  • the lower end 17 of the cooling duct 11 is connected to a return flow connection 18, which is on the same side as the inflow connection 13 but below it. as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the coolant thus flows from the inlet channel 13 through the connecting channel 14 and the transverse channel 15 into the cooling channel 11, flows through it from top to bottom and enters the reflux connection 18 at the end 17.
  • the liner 4 is cooled in an analogous manner.
  • the cooling liquid is supplied through an inflow connection 20, enters a connecting channel 21 in the inner surface 9 of the cavity 7 and from there enters an invisible transverse channel, which is provided in the web 10 below the transverse channel 15, as is shown in FIG 3 visible form of the connecting channel 21 is illustrated. From this transverse channel, the cooling liquid flows via a channel 22 (FIG. 4) corresponding in shape to the connecting channel 21 into the upper end 23 of the cooling channel 12 and down through this to the lower end 24, which in turn is connected to a return flow connection 25, which is on the side of the inflow connection 20, but below this.
  • each liner 3, 4 is individually cooled for itself.
  • the cooling jacket 5 has openings 26 through which the cylinder head screws (not shown) extend and which at the same time serve to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder head 2 into the crankcase 1.
  • the lubricating oil is cooled.
  • a chamber 27 can be provided in the cooling jacket 5, through which the lubricating oil flows and in which, as shown in FIG. 5, an oil cooler 28 can be arranged, which the inflow connections 13 'and 20, which extend through the chamber 27, is in thermally conductive connection.
  • the oil cooler 28 consists, for example, of at least one metal plate which is fastened on the tubular inflow connections, which are also made of metal.
  • the inflow ports 13 'and 20' are further apart in this embodiment and extend a longer distance within the chamber 27 than in the first embodiment, so that the plate communicates with the inflow ports over a larger area.
  • the invention can also be applied to an internal combustion engine with only one cylinder or with more than two cylinders, the liners either being separate from one another or being connected or abutting one another. If the liners are arranged separately, the cooling jacket completely surrounds each liner and each liner can be surrounded by a cooling liquid space, e.g. a helical cooling channel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The engine has a crankcase with a cylinder head screwed to it and at least one liquid-cooled cylinder. There is a bushing is molded onto or inserted into the crankcase. The cooling jacket (5) is pushed onto the bushing and is clamped to the cylinder head. It is made of a material of a lower specific gravity than the rest of the cast material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer bekannten Brennkraftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art (DE 40 29 427) ist der Kühlmantel ein Teil des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses und die Laufbüchse ist in den Kühlmantel eingesetzt. Die Kraft der Zylinderkopfschrauben wird dabei zumindest zum Teil über den Kühlmantel auf das Kurbelgehäuse übertragen.In a known internal combustion engine of the generic type (DE 40 29 427), the cooling jacket is part of the cylinder crankcase and the liner is inserted into the cooling jacket. The force of the cylinder head bolts is at least partially transmitted to the crankcase via the cooling jacket.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das Gewicht einer gattungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine zu reduzieren.The object of the invention is to reduce the weight of a generic internal combustion engine.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag wird durch die Trennung des Kühlmantels vom Kurbelgehäuse und dadurch, daß die Kraftführung der Zylinderkopfschrauben nicht über den Kühlmantel, sondern über die Laufbüchse erfolgt, die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Kühlmantel aus einem leichten Werkstoff herzustellen, da er keine kraftübertragende Aufgabe hat, sondern nur dazu dient, zusammen mit der Laufbüchse mindestens einen von der Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmten Raum zu begrenzen. Daher kann der Kühlmantel aus einem Kunststoff, beispielsweise einem Polyamid, einem Metallschaum oder einem anderen Werkstoff bestehen, der ein geringeres spezifisches Gewicht hat als die üblichen Gußwerkstoffe. Dadurch wird das Gewicht der Brennkraftmaschine verringert. Da diese Werkstoffe überdies in der Regel auch eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit haben, ist eine nahezu wärmedichte Ausführung des Kühlmantels ermöglicht.In the proposal according to the invention, by separating the cooling jacket from the crankcase and by virtue of the fact that the cylinder head bolts are not guided via the cooling jacket but via the liner, the possibility is created of producing the cooling jacket from a light material, since it has no force-transmitting task, but only serves to limit, together with the liner, at least one space through which the coolant flows. Therefore, the cooling jacket can consist of a plastic, for example a polyamide, a metal foam or another material, which has a lower specific weight than the usual cast materials. This reduces the weight of the internal combustion engine. Since these materials also generally have a low thermal conductivity, an almost heat-tight design of the cooling jacket is made possible.

Vorzugsweise ist der Kühlflüssigkeitsraum wie bei der Ausführung gemäß der DE 40 29 427 von einem in der Innenfläche des Kühlmantels vorgesehenen offenen Kanal gebildet, der durch die Außenfläche der Laufbüchse abgedeckt ist. Grundsätzlich könnte der offene Kanal aber auch in der Außenfläche der Laufbüchse angeordnet und von der Innenfläche des Kühlmantels abgedeckt sein.As in the embodiment according to DE 40 29 427, the coolant space is preferably formed by an open channel provided in the inner surface of the cooling jacket, which is covered by the outer surface of the liner. In principle, however, the open channel could also be arranged in the outer surface of the liner and covered by the inner surface of the cooling jacket.

Die Erfindung kann vorteilhaft bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei oder mehr in Reihe angeordneten Zylindern angewandt werden. In diesem Fall umgibt der Kühlmantel die Laufbüchsen aller Zylinder, hat also eine der Anzahl der Laufbüchsen entsprechende Anzahl von zylindrischen oder teilzylindrischen Hohlräumen, und er begrenzt mit der Laufbüchse jedes Zylinders einen eigenen Kühlflüssigkeitsraum , der mit einem eigenen Zuflußanschluß am oberen Ende und einem eigenen Rückflußanschluß am unteren Ende des Kühlmantels in Verbindung steht. Dadurch wird eine individuelle Kühlung jeder Laufbüchse ermöglicht.The invention can advantageously be applied to an internal combustion engine with two or more cylinders arranged in series. In this case, the cooling jacket surrounds the cylinder liners of all cylinders, i.e. has a number of cylindrical or partially cylindrical cavities corresponding to the number of cylinder liners, and it delimits its own cooling liquid chamber with the cylinder liner of each cylinder, which has its own inflow connection at the upper end and its own return flow connection communicates at the bottom of the cooling jacket. This enables individual cooling of each liner.

Die Laufbüchsen können getrennt voneinander angeordnet sein, in welchem Fall der Kühlmantel getrennte zylindrische Hohlräume für die Laufbüchsen aufweist, wobei die Innenflächen der Hohlräume mit den Außenflächen der Laufbüchsen beispielsweise wendelförmige Kühlkanäle begrenzen. Zur Kühlung der Stege zwischen benachbarten Laufbüchsen können in dem Kühlmantel Querkanäle vorgesehen werden, die einerseits mit einem Zuflußanschluß und andererseits mit dem Anfang eines Kühlkanals in Verbindung stehen.The liners can be arranged separately from one another, in which case the cooling jacket has separate cylindrical cavities for the liners, the inner surfaces of the cavities delimiting, for example, helical cooling channels with the outer surfaces of the liners. To cool the webs between adjacent liners, transverse channels can be provided in the cooling jacket, which channels are connected on the one hand to an inflow connection and on the other hand to the start of a cooling channel.

Bei einer besonders platzsparenden Bauart sind die Laufbüchsen zusammengegossen, also von einem Bauteil gebildet, oder sie liegen aneinander an. Bei dieser Bauart weist der Kühlmantel eine der Anzahl der Laufbüchsen entsprechende Anzahl von teilzylindrischen Hohlräumen auf, deren Innenflächen sich jeweils um eine Laufbüchse herum bis zu dem Steg zwischen benachbarten Laufbüchsen erstrecken. Um trotz des Umstandes, daß bei dieser Ausführung der Kühlmantel die Laufbüchsen nicht vollständig umgibt, eine individuelle Kühlung der Laufbüchsen zu ermöglichen, ist in jeder Innenfläche ein Kühlflüssigkeitsraum in Form eines Kühlkanals vorgesehen, der sich zickzackförmig von einer Seite zur anderen Seite des Steges über die Innenfläche erstreckt und am oberen Ende des Kühlmantels mit einem Zuflußanschluß und am unteren Ende des Kühlmantels mit einem Rückflußanschluß in Verbindung steht. Zur Kühlung des Steges sind in diesem Querkanäle vorgesehen, die jeweils zwischen dem Anfang eines zickzackförmigen Kühlkanals und einem Zuflußanschluß angeordnet sind.In the case of a particularly space-saving design, the liners are cast together, that is to say formed from one component, or they abut one another. In this type of construction, the cooling jacket has a number of partially cylindrical cavities corresponding to the number of liners, the inner surfaces of which each extend around a liner up to the web between adjacent liners. In spite of the fact that in this embodiment the cooling jacket does not completely surround the liners, individual cooling To allow the liners, a coolant space in the form of a cooling channel is provided in each inner surface, which extends in a zigzag shape from one side to the other side of the web over the inner surface and at the upper end of the cooling jacket with an inflow connection and at the lower end of the cooling jacket with a backflow connection communicates. To cool the web, transverse channels are provided in this, which are each arranged between the beginning of a zigzag-shaped cooling channel and an inflow connection.

Der Kühlmantel kann Durchbrüche aufweisen, durch die sich die Zylinderkopfschrauben erstrecken. Werden diese Durchbrüche gleichzeitig zur Rückführung des Schmieröls aus dem Zylinderkopf in das Kurbelgehäuse verwendet, so ist eine einfache und platzsparende Kühlung des Schmieröls ermöglicht, indem im Kühlmantel eine von dem Schmieröl durchströmte Kammer vorgesehen wird, in der zur Verstärkung der Rückkühlung ein Ölkühler angeordnet werden kann, der mit dem Kühlflüssigkeitskreislauf der Laufbüchse(n) in Verbindung steht. Beispielsweise kann dieser Ölkühler mindestens eine Platte aufweisen, die in wärmeleitender Verbindung mit einem sich durch die Kammer erstreckenden Zuflußanschluß für die Kühlflüssigkeit steht.The cooling jacket can have openings through which the cylinder head bolts extend. If these breakthroughs are used at the same time to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder head to the crankcase, simple and space-saving cooling of the lubricating oil is made possible by providing in the cooling jacket a chamber through which the lubricating oil flows and in which an oil cooler can be arranged to reinforce the recooling connected to the coolant circuit of the liner (s). For example, this oil cooler can have at least one plate which is in heat-conducting connection with an inflow connection for the cooling liquid which extends through the chamber.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen Teilschnitt einer Brennkraftmaschine entlang Linie 1-1 in Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt eines Zwillingszylinders entlang Linie 2-2 in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt des Kühlmantels entlang Linie 3-3 in Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Kühlmantels, und
  • Fig. 5 eine Darstellung wie Fig. 4 mit in den Kühlmantel integriertem Ölkühler.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
  • 1 is a partial section of an internal combustion engine along line 1-1 in Fig. 2,
  • 2 shows a section of a twin cylinder along line 2-2 in FIG. 3,
  • 3 shows a section of the cooling jacket along line 3-3 in FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cooling jacket, and
  • FIG. 5 shows an illustration like FIG. 4 with an oil cooler integrated in the cooling jacket.

Die Brennkraftmaschine weist ein Kurbelgehäuse 1, einen schematisch dargestellten Zylinderkopf 2 und im Ausführungsbeispiel einen Zwillingszylinder auf, der aus zwei zu einer Einheit zusammengefaßten Zylinderlaufbüchsen 3 und 4 und einem diese umgebenden, ein eigenes Bauteil darstellenden Kühlmantel 5 besteht. Die Laufbüchsen 3 und 4 sind an das Kurbelgehäuse 1 angeformt und erstrecken sich bis zum Zylinderkopf 2. Dadurch erfolgt die Kraftübertragung der nicht dargestellten Zylinderkopfschrauben vom Zylinderkopf 2 auf das Kurbelgehäuse 1 über die Laufbüchsen 3,4. Der Kühlmantel ist dadurch zwischen dem .Zylinderkopf 2 und einer Auflagefläche 1a am Kurbelgehäuse 1 unter Zwischenschaltung von nicht dargestellten Dichtungen eingespannt.The internal combustion engine has a crankcase 1, a schematically illustrated cylinder head 2 and, in the exemplary embodiment, a twin cylinder which consists of two cylinder liners 3 and 4 combined into a unit and a cooling jacket 5 surrounding them and representing a separate component consists. The liners 3 and 4 are integrally formed on the crankcase 1 and extend to the cylinder head 2. As a result, the cylinder head bolts (not shown) are transmitted from the cylinder head 2 to the crankcase 1 via the liners 3, 4. The cooling jacket is thereby clamped between the cylinder head 2 and a bearing surface 1a on the crankcase 1 with the interposition of seals, not shown.

Durch die Kraftführung der Zylinderkopfschrauben über die Laufbüchsen 3,4 und die Trennung des Kühlmantels 5 vom Kurbelgehäuse 1 kann der Kühlmantel 5 aus einem leichten Werkstoff hergestellt werden, da er keine tragende Aufgabe hat, sondern nur dazu dient, zusammen mit den Laufbüchsen Kühlkanäle zu begrenzen, wie dies im folgenden beschrieben wird. Der Kühlmantel 5 kann beispielsweise aus einem Kunststoff, wie Polyamid, einem Metallschaum oder einem andern Werkstoff mit geringerem spezifischem Gewicht als die üblichen Gußwerkstoffe bestehen.Due to the force of the cylinder head screws over the liners 3, 4 and the separation of the cooling jacket 5 from the crankcase 1, the cooling jacket 5 can be made of a light material, since it has no main task, but only serves to limit cooling channels together with the liners as described below. The cooling jacket 5 can consist, for example, of a plastic, such as polyamide, a metal foam or another material with a lower specific weight than the conventional cast materials.

Der Kühlmantel 5 weist zwei teilzylindrische Hohlräume 6 und 7 (Fig. 4) auf, deren Innenflächen 8 und 9 sich jeweils um eine Laufbüchse 3 bzw. 4 herum bis zu dem die beiden Laufbüchsen verbindenden Steg 10 erstrecken. In jeder Innenfläche 8, 9 ist ein offener Kühlkanal 11 bzw. 12 vorgesehen, der zickzack- oder schlangenlinienförmig von der einen Seite zu der anderen Seite des Steges 10 verläuft, wie dies aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, in der der Steg 10 strichpunktiert eingezeichnet ist. Die Kühlkanäle 11 und 12 sind von den Laufbüchsen 3 und 4 abgedeckt.The cooling jacket 5 has two partially cylindrical cavities 6 and 7 (FIG. 4), the inner surfaces 8 and 9 of which each extend around a liner 3 and 4 as far as the web 10 connecting the two liners. In each inner surface 8, 9 there is an open cooling channel 11 or 12, which runs in a zigzag or serpentine form from one side to the other side of the web 10, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in which the web 10 is shown in dash-dotted lines is. The cooling channels 11 and 12 are covered by the liners 3 and 4.

Zur Kühlung der Laufbüchse 3 wird die Kühlflüssigkeit dem Kühlkanal 11 über einen Zuflußanschluß 13 zugeführt, der in einen Verbindungskanal 14 in der Innenfläche 8 des Hohlraumes 7 mündet und mit einem Querkanal 15 im Steg 10 zwischen den Laufbüchsen 3,4 in Verbindung steht. Das andere Ende des Querkanals 15 mündet in das obere Ende 16 des Kühlkanals 11. Das untere Ende 17 des Kühlkanals 11 steht mit einem Rückflußanschluß 18 in Verbindung, der auf der gleichen Seite wie der Zuflußanschluß 13, jedoch unterhalb desselben liegt, wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich. Die Kühlflüssigkeit strömt also vom Zuflußkanal 13 durch den Verbindungskanal 14 und den Querkanal 15 in den Kühlkanal 11, durchströmt diesen von oben nach unten und tritt am Ende 17 in den Rückflußanschluß 18 ein.To cool the liner 3, the cooling liquid is supplied to the cooling channel 11 via an inflow connection 13, which opens into a connecting channel 14 in the inner surface 8 of the cavity 7 and is connected to a transverse channel 15 in the web 10 between the liners 3, 4. The other end of the transverse duct 15 opens into the upper end 16 of the cooling duct 11. The lower end 17 of the cooling duct 11 is connected to a return flow connection 18, which is on the same side as the inflow connection 13 but below it. as shown in Fig. 4. The coolant thus flows from the inlet channel 13 through the connecting channel 14 and the transverse channel 15 into the cooling channel 11, flows through it from top to bottom and enters the reflux connection 18 at the end 17.

Die Kühlung der Laufbüchse 4 erfolgt in analoger Weise. Hier wird die Kühlflüssigkeit durch einen Zuflußanschluß 20 zugeführt, tritt in einen Verbindungskanal 21 in der Innenfläche 9 des Hohlraumes 7 ein und gelangt von dort in einen nicht sichtbaren Querkanal, der im Steg 10 unterhalb des Querkanals 15 vorgesehen ist, wie dies durch die aus Fig. 3 ersichtliche Form des Verbindungskanals 21 veranschaulicht ist. Aus diesem Querkanal strömt die Kühlflüssigkeit über einen in der Form dem Verbindungskanal 21 entsprechenden Kanal 22 (Fig.4) in das obere Ende 23 des Kühlkanals 12 und durch diesen nach unten zum unteren Ende 24, das wiederum mit einem Rückflußanschluß 25 in Verbindung steht, der auf der Seite des Zuflußanschlusses 20, jedoch unter diesem liegt.The liner 4 is cooled in an analogous manner. Here, the cooling liquid is supplied through an inflow connection 20, enters a connecting channel 21 in the inner surface 9 of the cavity 7 and from there enters an invisible transverse channel, which is provided in the web 10 below the transverse channel 15, as is shown in FIG 3 visible form of the connecting channel 21 is illustrated. From this transverse channel, the cooling liquid flows via a channel 22 (FIG. 4) corresponding in shape to the connecting channel 21 into the upper end 23 of the cooling channel 12 and down through this to the lower end 24, which in turn is connected to a return flow connection 25, which is on the side of the inflow connection 20, but below this.

Durch die Querkanäle 15 wird eine intensive Kühlung des thermisch hochbelasteten Steges 10 erreicht.Intensive cooling of the thermally highly loaded web 10 is achieved by the transverse channels 15.

Wie ersichtlich, wird jede Laufbüchse 3,4 individuell für sich gekühlt.As can be seen, each liner 3, 4 is individually cooled for itself.

Dadurch, daß für beide Zylinder bzw. deren Laufbüchsen ein einziger Kühlmantel aus einem leichten Werkstoff vorgesehen ist, wird das Gewicht der Brennkraftmaschine reduziert. Dieser Vorteil wird auch dann erreicht, wenn die Laufbüchsen 3,4 keine Einheit bilden, sondern eigene Teile sind, die im Stegbereich aneinander anlegen, wobei dann die Querkanäle 15 in den Anlageflächen vorgesehen werden. Die Laufbüchsen können auch voneinander getrennt angeordnet werden, in welchem Fall sie vollständig von dem einstückigen Kühlmantel umgeben sind.The fact that a single cooling jacket made of a light material is provided for both cylinders and their liners reduces the weight of the internal combustion engine. This advantage is also achieved if the liners 3, 4 do not form a unit, but are separate parts which abut one another in the web area, the transverse channels 15 then being provided in the contact surfaces. The liners can also be arranged separately, in which case they are completely surrounded by the one-piece cooling jacket.

Der Kühlmantel 5 weist im Ausführungsbeispiel Durchbrüche 26 auf, durch die sich die nicht gezeigten Zylinderkopfschrauben erstrecken und die gleichzeitig zum Rückführen des Schmieröls aus dem Zylinderkopf 2 in das Kurbelgehäuse 1 dienen. Dabei findet eine Kühlung des Schmieröls statt. Um auf einfache Weise eine intensivere Kühlung des rückgeführten Schmieröls zu erreichen, kann im Kühlmantel 5 eine Kammer 27 vorgesehen werden, die vom Schmieröl durch-strömt ist und in der, wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt, ein Ölkühler 28 angeordnet werden kann, der mit den Zuflußanschlüssen 13' und 20, die sich durch die Kammer 27 erstrecken, in wärmeleitender Verbindung steht. Der Ölkühler 28 besteht beispielsweise aus mindestens einer Metallplatte, die auf den rohrförmigen und ebenfalls aus Metall bestehenden Zuflußanschlüssen befestigt ist. Die Zuflußanschlüsse 13' und 20' liegen bei dieser Ausführung weiter auseinander und erstrecken sich über eine längere Strecke innerhalb der Kammer 27 als bei der ersten Ausführung, damit die Platte über eine größere Fläche mit den Zuflußanschlüssen in Verbindung steht.In the exemplary embodiment, the cooling jacket 5 has openings 26 through which the cylinder head screws (not shown) extend and which at the same time serve to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder head 2 into the crankcase 1. The lubricating oil is cooled. In order to achieve a more intensive cooling of the returned lubricating oil in a simple manner, a chamber 27 can be provided in the cooling jacket 5, through which the lubricating oil flows and in which, as shown in FIG. 5, an oil cooler 28 can be arranged, which the inflow connections 13 'and 20, which extend through the chamber 27, is in thermally conductive connection. The oil cooler 28 consists, for example, of at least one metal plate which is fastened on the tubular inflow connections, which are also made of metal. The inflow ports 13 'and 20' are further apart in this embodiment and extend a longer distance within the chamber 27 than in the first embodiment, so that the plate communicates with the inflow ports over a larger area.

Selbstverständlich kann die Erfindung auch bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit nur einem Zylinder oder mit mehr als zwei Zylindern angewandt werden, wobei die Laufbüchsen entweder voneinander getrennt sind oder zusammenhängen oder aneinander anlegen. Bei getrennter Anordnung der Laufbüchsen umgibt der Kühlmantel jede Laufbüchse vollständig und jede Laufbüchse kann über ihren ganzen Umfang von einem Kühlflüssigkeitsraum, z.B. einem wendelförmigen Kühlkanal, umgeben seinOf course, the invention can also be applied to an internal combustion engine with only one cylinder or with more than two cylinders, the liners either being separate from one another or being connected or abutting one another. If the liners are arranged separately, the cooling jacket completely surrounds each liner and each liner can be surrounded by a cooling liquid space, e.g. a helical cooling channel

Claims (8)

Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Kurbelgehäuse (1), einem mit diesem durch Zylinderkopfschrauben verbundenen Zylinderkopf (2) und mit mindestens einem flüssigkeitsgekühlten Zylinder, der eine bis zum Zylinderkopf reichende Laufbüchse (3;4) und einen die Laufbüchse umgebenden Kühlmantel (5) aufweist, der mit der Laufbüchse mindestens einen von der Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmten Raum (11;12) begrenzt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Laufbüchse 3;4) an das Kurbelgehäuse (1) angeformt oder in dieses eingesetzt ist und daß der Kühlmantel (5) auf die Laufbüchse (3;4) aufgeschoben und zwischen dem Kurbelgehäuse (1) und dem
Zylinderkopf (2) eingespannt ist und aus einem Werkstoff mit einem geringeren spezifischen Gewicht als die üblichen Gußwerkstoffe besteht.Internal combustion engine with a crankcase (1), a cylinder head (2) connected to it by cylinder head screws and with at least one liquid-cooled cylinder which has a cylinder liner (3; 4) reaching to the cylinder head and a cooling jacket (5) surrounding the cylinder liner, which also has the liner delimits at least one space (11; 12) through which the cooling liquid flows,
characterized in that the liner 3; 4) is formed on or inserted into the crankcase (1) and in that the cooling jacket (5) is pushed onto the liner (3; 4) and between the crankcase (1) and the
Cylinder head (2) is clamped and consists of a material with a lower specific weight than the usual cast materials. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlmantel (5) aus einem Kunststoff besteht.Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling jacket (5) consists of a plastic. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlmantel (5) aus einem Metallschaum besteht.Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling jacket (5) consists of a metal foam. Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei oder mehr in Reihe angeordneten Zylindern nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlmantel (5) die Laufbüchsen (3;4) aller Zylinder umgibt und mit jeder Laufbüchse einen eigenen Kühlflüssigkeitsraum (11 bzw. 12) begrenzt, der mit einen eigenen Zuflußanschluß (13 bzw. 20) am oberen Ende des Kühlmantels und einem eigenen Rückflußanschluß (18 bzw. 25) am unteren Ende des Kühlmantels in Verbindung steht.Internal combustion engine with two or more cylinders arranged in series according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling jacket (5) surrounds the cylinder liners (3; 4) of all cylinders and delimits its own cooling liquid space (11 or 12) with each cylinder liner with its own inflow connection (13 or 20) at the upper end of the cooling jacket and its own reflux connection (18 or 25) at the lower end of the cooling jacket. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Laufbüchsen (3,4) zusammengegossen sind oder aneinander anliegen und zwischen sich einen Steg (10) bilden, daß der Kühlmantel (5) eine der Anzahl der Laufbüchsen entsprechende Anzahl von teilzylindrischen Hohlräumen (6,7) aufweist, deren Innenflächen (8,9) sich jeweils um eine Laufbüchse herum bis zu dem Steg (10) zwischen benachbarten Laufbüchsen erstrecken, daß in jeder Innenfläche ein Kühlflüssigkeitsraum in Form eines Kühlkanals (11 bzw. 12) vorgesehen ist, der sich zickzackförmig von einer Seite zur anderen Seite des Steges über die Innenfläche erstreckt, und daß in dem Steg (10) Querkanäle (15) vorgesehen sind, die jeweils mit dem Anfang (16 bzw. 23) eines Kühl-kanals (11 bzw. 12) und mit einem Zuflußanschluß (13 bzw. 20) in Verbindung sind.Internal combustion engine according to Claim 4, characterized in that the liners (3, 4) are cast together or abut one another and form a web (10) between them, that the cooling jacket (5) has a number of partially cylindrical cavities (6, 7), whose inner surfaces (8, 9) each extend around a liner up to the web (10) between adjacent liners, that a coolant space in the form of a cooling channel (11 or 12) is provided in each inner surface extends in a zigzag shape from one side to the other side of the web over the inner surface, and that cross channels (15) are provided in the web (10), each with the beginning (16 or 23) of a cooling channel (11 or 12) and are connected to an inflow connection (13 or 20). Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlmantel (5) Durchbrüche (26) aufweist, durch die sich Zylinderkopfschrauben erstrecken.Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cooling jacket (5) has openings (26) through which cylinder head screws extend. Brennkraftmaschne nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrüche (26) zumindest zum Teil Ölrückführkanäle zwischen dem Zylinderkopf (2) und dem Kurbelgehäuse (1) bilden, und daß im Kühlmantel (5) eine ölführende Kammer (27) vorgesehen ist, in der ein Ölkühler (28) angeordnet ist, der mit dem Kühlflüssigkeitskreislauf der Laufbüchse(n) in Verbindung steht.Internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the openings (26) form at least partially oil return channels between the cylinder head (2) and the crankcase (1), and in that an oil-carrying chamber (27) is provided in the cooling jacket (5) in which an oil cooler (28) is arranged, which is connected to the coolant circuit of the liner (s). Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ölkühler (28) mindestens eine Platte aufweist, die mit einem sich durch die Kammer (27) erstreckenden Kühlflüssigkeits-Zuflußanschluß (13', 20'). in wärmeleitender Verbindung steht.Internal combustion engine according to Claim 7, characterized in that the oil cooler (28) has at least one plate which has a coolant inflow connection (13 ', 20') extending through the chamber (27). is in a thermally conductive connection.
EP99105698A 1998-04-25 1999-03-20 Internal combustion engine Withdrawn EP0952325A3 (en)

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DE19818589C2 (en) 2000-04-20
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DE19818589A1 (en) 1999-11-04

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