EP0810309B1 - Arrangement for the processing of fibres - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a system for opening and cleaning fiber material, as well as a corresponding procedure. The invention is particularly but not exclusively, for a plant for processing cotton or fibers designed with a similar stack length.

State of the art

It is the general goal of fiber processing in the blow room and carding machine Production and the degree of cleaning to increase and the material gently, at minimal loss of good fiber to treat. The problems associated with it are often in of the (patent) literature, see e.g. DE-C-3490510 (US-C-4512060).

Basically, the material in the blow room is in at least one "cleaner" cleaned before it is passed on to the carding machine. About the design of the cleaners there is no agreement, but efforts are known, the cleaning function summarize as possible "in one machine" - see e.g. AT-C-231054, DE-A-2939861 (US-C-4345356) and DE-A-4039773 (US-C-5146652).

A cleaning line delivers material to a predetermined number (e.g. twelve) of cards. The line must be designed to meet the maximum demand of its connected To meet cards. As the performance of each card increases strived to adjust the performance of the blowroom line accordingly (i.e. a reduction in the number of cards connected to a blowroom line is undesirable).

technology

1. Die "Feinreinigung" erfordert einen hohen Öffnungsgrad (anders ausgedruckt - es ist nicht möglich, Schmutz zu entfernen, der im Inneren von Faserklumpen verdeckt bleibt).

2. Ein hoher Öffnungsgrad erfordert eine "Klemmspeisung" (wie nachfolgend näher erklärt wird).

3. Eine Feinreinigung mit Klemmspeisung erfordert bei höherem Durchsatz eine intensivere Einstellung zur Erzielung guter Reinigungswerte. In der Folge verstärken sich Nissenerzeugung (Messwert:Nissenzahl) und Faserschädigung (Messwert: Kurzfaseranteil).

4. Sofern man versucht, faserschonender (weniger intensiv - ohne Klemmspeisung) zu reinigen, riskiert man eine ungenügende Ausreinigung kleiner Schmutzpartikel oder auch unnötige Gutfaserverluste. Ein System ("Reinigungskennfeld") zur Darstellung der entsprechenden Kompromisse an der Bedienungsoberfläche der einzelnen Maschinen (bzw. an der Anlagesteuerung) ist in EP-A-452676 (US-C-5361458) gezeigt und ist von der Anmelderin unter dem Namen "Varioset" in der Praxis eingeführt worden.

5. Die Klemmspeisung bei relativ niedrigem Durchsatz ist harmlos. Sie bildete z.B. die Basis der erfolgreichen Feinreiniger der 60'er und 70'er Jahren, wo mit einem relativ niedrigen Durchsatz in der Putzerei gearbeitet wurde.

The following principles apply to both the prior art and the invention.

1. "Fine cleaning" requires a high degree of opening (in other words - it is not possible to remove dirt that remains hidden inside the lump of fibers).

2. A high degree of opening requires a "clamp supply" (as will be explained in more detail below).

3. Fine cleaning with clamping power requires a more intensive setting to achieve good cleaning values at higher throughput. As a result, the generation of nits (measured value: number of nits) and fiber damage (measured value: short fiber content) increase.

4. If you try to clean the fibers more gently (less intensively - without clamping power), you risk insufficient cleaning of small dirt particles or unnecessary loss of good fibers. A system ("cleaning map") for representing the corresponding compromises on the user interface of the individual machines (or on the system control) is shown in EP-A-452676 (US-C-5361458) and is known by the applicant under the name "Varioset "has been put into practice.

5. The clamp supply at a relatively low throughput is harmless. For example, it formed the basis of the successful fine cleaners of the 1960s and 1970s, where work was carried out with a relatively low throughput in the blow room.

Solution:

A return to employment in the 60s and 70s cannot be seriously considered (see the comments already made on the increased Capabilities of the individual machines), but it can be linked to it if the fine cleaning takes place at a point where the fiber material flow has already been split up (e.g. for the subsequent carding), e.g. in Kardenfüllschacht.

DE-A-2532061 is concerned with the dedusting of cotton for use in the rotor spinning machine is provided. There is an additional one in the filling shaft Cleaning provided, i.e. the material is already in the upstream machines have been cleaned according to known principles. In other words, it wasn't planned to give up the fine cleaner and this was actually not done in practice.

1. 1975 (Prioritätsdatum der DE-A-2532061) war die Produktion einer einzelnen Karde relativ niedrig. Es war damals kaum sinnvoll, die Grundreinigung in die Füllschächte zu verlagern, da die Gesamtproduktion der Karderie ohne weiteres, effizient in einem konventionellen Reiniger verarbeitet werden konnten. Es war, hingegen, sinnvoll, die intensive Öffnung für die Entstaubung nach DE 2532061 in den Schacht zu verlegen (relativ kleine Fasermengen, wie in der Schrift erwähnt ist).

2. DE-A-2532061 beschreibt keine "Zusammenarbeit" zwischen dem Füllschacht und der Karde.

According to DE-A-2532061, the processing in the filling shaft should be intensive - dissolution down to the individual fiber - in order to ensure that the dust can be released and removed. The following points should also be noted:

1. 1975 (priority date of DE-A-2532061) the production of a single card was relatively low. At that time, it made little sense to shift the basic cleaning to the filling shafts, since the entire production of the carding machine could be easily and efficiently processed in a conventional cleaner. On the other hand, it made sense to lay the intensive opening for dedusting according to DE 2532061 in the shaft (relatively small amounts of fiber, as mentioned in the document).

2. DE-A-2532061 does not describe a "collaboration" between the hopper and the card.

The invention is characterized by the features of the independent claims 1 and 12 defined.

The dependent claims 2 to 11 relate to particular ones Embodiments of the invention.

Definition:

The term "clamp supply", where it is used below without additional explanation in this description means "clamp supply with subsequent cleaning function ", the material excretion as a essential feature of the cleaning function applies. This definition is below briefly explained.

The clamping supply is important for the finer resolution (the finer opening), which favors fine cleaning. However, the invention as such has nothing to do with opening to do. If the intensive opening (dissolving) for purposes other than cleaning must be provided (e.g. when mixing), the invention does not directly affected. However, the total load of the material reduced, which at most the use of the clamping power in connection with functions other than cleaning.

Fig. 1

eine Kopie der Figur 1 aus EP-A-399315,

Fig. 2

eine Kopie der Figur 1 aus CH 0935/96 vom 12.4.96,

Fig. 3

eine Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 2, um eine Vorrichtung nach dieser Erfindung zu bilden.

Fig. 4

schematisch zwei Varianten einer Putzerei-/Karderieanlage nach dieser Erfindung für die Verarbeitung von Baumwollfasern und/oder Chemiefasern,

Fig. 5

schematisch eine Putzerei-/Karderieanlage für die Verarbeitung von Mischungen von Baumwoll- und Chemiefasern,

Fig. 6

diagrammatisch den Reinigungsverlauf einer Putzerei nach dieser Erfindung im Vergleich mit den Verläufe in konventionellen Putzereien,

Fig. 7

die Verläufe der entsprechenden Nissenzahlen,

Fig. 8

in Fig. 8A bis 8K verschiedene Formen der Klemmspeisung,

Fig.9

schematisch eine erste Möglichkeit zur Realisierung der Reinigungsfunktion in einem Schacht nach Fig. 3,

Fig 10

schematisch eine weitere Möglichkeit, wobei die Figur 10A Einzelheiten zu einem grösseren Massstab darstellt,

Fig. 11

eine dritte Möglichkeit und

Fig. 12

die Faserzufuhr einer Karde mit einem Schacht gemäss dieser Erfindung.

Several embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures of the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

1 a copy of FIG. 1 from EP-A-399315,

Fig. 2

a copy of FIG. 1 from CH 0935/96 from April 12, 1996,

Fig. 3

a modification of the arrangement of FIG. 2 to form a device according to this invention.

Fig. 4

schematically two variants of a blowroom / carding machine according to this invention for the processing of cotton fibers and / or chemical fibers,

Fig. 5

schematically a blowroom / carding machine for the processing of blends of cotton and chemical fibers,

Fig. 6

diagrammatically the cleaning process of a blow room according to this invention in comparison with the course in conventional blow room,

Fig. 7

the courses of the corresponding numbers of nits,

Fig. 8

8A to 8K different forms of clamping power,

Figure 9

3 shows schematically a first possibility of realizing the cleaning function in a shaft according to FIG. 3,

Fig 10

schematically another possibility, wherein FIG. 10A shows details of a larger scale,

Fig. 11

a third possibility and

Fig. 12

the fiber supply of a card with a shaft according to this invention.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a blow room line of known design. From one Bale removal device 1 fiber flakes are removed from fiber bales 2 and over a conveyor path 3 of a first cleaning machine, for example one Coarse cleaning machine 4, supplied. In the funding path, the funded Quantity of flakes per unit of time e.g. Cubic meters / h by means of a measuring device 54 be determined. Usually in a plant of the type shown is on this measurement is omitted, with storage depots (filling shafts) on certain machines be provided, as described below for the card with reference to Figure 2 becomes.

The coarse cleaner 4 is not provided with a filling shaft, but it is made like this designed to take the maximum production of the bale removal device 1, can process and forward. The machine 4 does not include a clamp power supply Operation can e.g. EP-A-379726. It definitely will Dirt excreted and the pre-cleaned and already strong in size Reduced (i.e. at least partially opened) fiber flakes are over a another conveyor path 5 of a second cleaning machine, for example Called fine cleaning machine 6, fed and in a compared to the first Machine more intensely opened and cleaned.

The cleaned flakes are then fed into a further conveying path 7 Feeder (a filling shaft) 8 promoted. From this feed device 8 a fiber wadding 9 passes through the chute 10 into a card 11. FIG. 1 shows only one single card 11. The total production of a fine cleaning machine 6 is via a suitable flake feed (e.g. according to EP-A-311831 and / or US-A-4940367) divided into several cards 11. But it can be assumed here that all cards 11 are the same, so that the description of a single card (in the following with reference to FIG. 2) also applies to the others.

Fig. 1 shows many other elements (e.g. plant controller 53) that are relevant to the invention according to EP-A-399315 important but without significance for the present invention are. A description of such elements is omitted here, with the mentioned EP document is pointed out. The present invention is by no means limited to a control of the type shown - alternatives are e.g. in DE-A-3237864 and shown in EP-A-497535.

In Fig. 2 there is a known revolving card, e.g. the card C50 the Applicant, shown schematically. The one supplied by the flake feed Fiber material is fed into the filling shaft 8 in the form of flakes, from one Briseur 39 (also called licker) taken over as a wadding, a drum 40 (also called drum) and through the cooperation of the drum further dissolved and cleaned with a traveling lid set 50. The lid of the Traveling cover set 50 are by a suitable drive system of the Revolving cover aggregate via deflection rollers 56 along a closed path (in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the drum). Fibers from the Fleece located on the reel 40 is removed by a customer 43 and in an outlet section 80 consisting of different rollers into one Sliver 90 formed. This card sliver 90 is from a sliver storage 13 in a Transport can 111 stored in cycloidal turns. The card 11 is with a its own programmable controller 120, and it is also a suitable one "User interface" (e.g. a keyboard or display) 210 for input of data and / or the issuance of status reports.

Fig. 3 shows again the card 11 with the associated feed chute 8. The latter comprises an upper part (a feed shaft) 31 (see also FIG. 1), and one lower shaft part (reserve shaft) 34.Fiber flakes from the lower shaft part 34 are carried out by two conveyor rollers 35 as the aforementioned cotton 9 and on the feed roller 37 forwarded to the card 11.

There is a between the upper shaft part 31 and the lower shaft part 34 Feed device 32 (see FIG. 1) which feeds the flakes to an opening roller 33. Such devices are generally well known. It is now planned to do this Adapt device to achieve a device according to the invention, which allows major changes in the upstream plant areas. Basically, the feed device 32 and opening roller 33, together with the adjacent part of the housing of the shaft, so transformed that it a "fine cleaner" is created.

The way this cleaner works can be based on well-known principles be placed, e.g. according to EP-A-419415 (US-A-5123145) and / or EP-A-481302, which are more modern forms of the fine cleaner. These more modern machines enable intensive cleaning even at high throughput. But it is in one 3 not necessary to apply such more modern principles because the throughput in the filling shaft of a card compared to the throughput in one modern blow room is relatively low e.g. more than 70 kg / h, preferably more than 100 kg / h, but far below 500 kg / h (delivery of a conventional one today Fine cleaner). Amounts of fibers e.g. between 100 kg / h and 200 kg / h can according to the Principles are cleaned, e.g. in the older documents CH-C-464021, EP-A-108229 and or EP-A-110017 have been explained.

The adaptation definitely requires elements on the circumference of the opening roller 33, which allows the removal of dirt. 3 are grate bars 102 with free spaces in between (not specifically indicated) are shown schematically. The free spaces enable the outlet to be discharged into a collecting space 103, the one with suction (not shown) for removing the separated material can be connected. The compound can be continuous or, preferably, generated intermittently. The invention is not based on the elements shown 102 restricted. For example Separation elements in the form of "vacuumed Knives "are known which additionally or as alternatives in the arrangement according to FIG. 3 can be used.

The feed device 32 represents a "clamp feed" for the opening roller 33, as in FIG the introduction was explained. This clamping supply consists of a feed roller 321 and a trough 322. But there are many other forms of such clamping feeds known, e.g. can be found in EP-A-383246 and EP-A-470577, and they can also be used in the new cleaning station. In the preferred arrangement, which is indicated schematically in Fig. 3, the Clamping supply designed as a kind of "dosage" according to EP-A-383246. But this poses is not an essential feature of the present invention.

3 is conventional with regard to the transfer of the cotton from Shaft to the card. The new cleaning station is also in others Arrangements applicable, e.g. where the shaft 8 is connected to the card 11 in this way is that the intermediate rollers 35 can be dispensed with. Such orders are e.g. in DE-A-3733631, DE-A-3733632 and DE-A-3734140. It can several licker-ins 39 may also be provided, e.g. in DE-A-4331284 is proposed.

The invention is also not for use in the revolving card limited. For example Fixed-lid card known (see DE-A-4418377), the can also be equipped with a filling shaft according to this invention The invention can also be used in combination with so-called cards Processing of long staple fibers can be used.

The new fine cleaning point is preferably integrated in the shaft control, such as is also shown schematically in Fig. 3. This control usually includes one Controller 323 for a speed-controllable motor 324, which feed roller 321 drives. The controller 323 is connected to a level sensor 325, wherein various (optical or pressure-sensitive) sensors are known, these Can accomplish the task, so that a detailed description is dispensed with can. Using a suitable control algorithm, the fill level in the lower Manhole part 34 are kept within predetermined tolerances. It can also be a Sensor S is provided in the outlet and connected to the controller 323 so that the production of the cleaning station can be adapted to the production of the card. Such an arrangement (for a filling shaft without a cleaning point) is known from DE-A-3625311 and known from DE-A-3244619 (US-C-4535511).

Another variant, which is shown in FIG. 3, is also known from the prior art is indicated, namely the provision of a displacement or force sensor 326, which also is connected to the controller 323 for signal transmission. Sensor 326 measures that through the trough 322, or the forces exerted on it, by one To enable type "dosage" (e.g. according to EP-A-383246).

It is now possible to use the card 11 and its feed (from the shaft 8) as a "unit" to control what the controls of the two machines are merged or can be linked together. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous in Combination with the present invention, because it enables the Cleaning effects of the card itself and the cleaning point assigned to it to coordinate with each other, e.g. according to the "VARIOset" principle, which is described in EP-A-452676 explained and in Swiss patent application CH 935/96 dated April 12, 1996 was added.

Basically, the new fine cleaning station is designed in such a way that it is able to is to process fiber material that was not previously a clamp feed of any kind has run. In any case, it is designed in such a way that it can process material that has not previously been cleaned by a Clamping power has been delivered. Such a material (in the upper shaft part 31) should have a number of nits that is less than 50% higher than the number of nits of the Bale ablation 1 submitted raw material. The short fiber content in shaft part 31 can be less than five percentage points higher than the corresponding percentage in The aforementioned raw material (measured according to the well-known, proven Almeter measuring method). The following example should clarify the last statement - if the Short fiber content in the bale template is X% (e.g. 30%), the short fiber content in upper shaft part 31 less than (X + 5)% - in this case <35%.

The fine cleaning part in the shaft 8 is not specifically designed for this purpose only to ensure dedusting, although dust is always present (up to a certain Degrees) is removed where an extraction is provided. The new fine cleaning point should never be interpreted in such a way that the resolution in individual fibers is sought. Such a degree of resolution in the shaft is not desirable.

Especially where chemical fibers should be processed, it is now possible at most also to do without a rough cleaning (machine 4, Fig. 1). It is definitely possible on that Fine cleaning in front of the card filling shaft 8 (i.e. towards the machine 6, Fig. 1) dispense.

Fig. 4 shows three blow molding machines 1,4,90 in a "strand" followed by a card 11 from a card group, which is supplied with fiber material from the blowroom line. The Different machines are shown on different scales, since Fig. 4th is only designed to explain the processing steps. These steps will be first for the processing of a 100% cotton Fiber range explained, then a variant for processing one 100% fiber range made of man-made fibers explained. Card 11 and her Filling chute 8 are according to the embodiment of this invention shown in FIG. 3 designed and are therefore only shown in outline in Fig. 4.

The reference numeral 70 indicates the revolving tower of a bale opener 1. The tower 70 is rotatably mounted on a movable carriage 72 and carries a removal arm 73 known Design with which fiber flakes of bales (not shown in FIG. 4, but see bales 2 in Fig. 1) are milled. The carriage 72 is movable on rails 74 Transport channel 75 along, the aforementioned bales on one or the other other or on both sides of the rails 74 for bale removal and the removal arm 73 on the upward surface of the bale rests. In channel 75, a transport air stream is blocked by suitable means (not shown). The arm 73 comprises at least one rotatable milling drum (not shown), which mills off the flakes and via a connecting channel (not in Fig. 4 can be seen) in the tower in the transport channel 75. Channel 75 is endless Masking tape 76 provided, which is in the longitudinal direction of the channel 75 together moved with the carriage 72. At one end of the path of movement for the sled there is a control desk 77. The bale opener 1 according to FIG. 4 is basically conventional design, e.g. a machine of the type "UNIFLOC", which is used worldwide by the Applicant is offered using similar machines from others Offered to machine manufacturers and same as "UNIFLOC" in this first Processing step can be used.

As schematically indicated by the fully drawn arrow, the goes Transport channel 75 in the conveyor path 3 (see. Fig. 1) over to the entrance 81 of a Coarse cleaner 4 leads. The air / flake flow then flows through one first Dust removal area 82 where part 83 of the air flow through a perforated wall 84 is subtracted. The remaining flake / air flow is spiraled around a drum 16 out, which is provided with racket 17, some of the co-sponsored Contaminations from grids 86 fall into a chamber 21 below the grates. Out this chamber 21, they can by means of a transport suction, not shown a lock 88, are discharged. The flake / air flow input 81 is on one axial end of the drum, and an outlet 89 is at the other end of the Drum 84 provided. Further details of this machine are e.g. from EP-C-381860, EP-C-379726, EP-C-447966 and EP-C-455017, one of which Such machine offered by the applicant under the name "UNICLEAN" becomes. The main feature of this machine is that in this second Processing step the cotton flakes in free flight (without clamping or Reluctance) to be cleaned. Machines from other manufacturers are also included designed to clean the flakes by beating in free flight, being in some If several rollers (e.g. "duo rollers") are arranged side by side. Such Machines can also be used for the second processing step when processing Cotton are used.

The flakes are removed from the coarse cleaner 4 by the pneumatic transport system the conveying path 5 (cf. FIG. 1) is delivered to a mixing machine 90. The machine 90 comprises several (in the example shown, six) vertical chutes 91, where the Flakes are separated from the transport air. All shafts are over one common entrance connected to the conveyor path 5, so that each shaft 91st Fibers from the same range. The chutes 91 go into one Mixing chamber 92 over where the fiber from a horizontal conveyor belt 93 against an inclined conveying means (e.g. a needle slat) 94 become. The conveyor 94 takes fibers from the mixing chamber 92 and indicates them a chute 95 further, with rollers 96 with the conveyor 94 work together so that lumps of fiber are thrown back into the mixing chamber 92 or be opened. Because of the different paths that the fibers pass through Shafts 91 and the chamber 92 have to travel up to the conveyor 94 there is a phase shift when transporting the various "fiber packets", as indicated schematically in Fig. 4. This phase shift results in a Mixing of the fibers, which are sequentially milled from different bales were. The basic principle of this machine is described in CH-C-511951, being a more modern version of the machine by the applicant under the name "UNIMIX" is offered. Alternatives are also from other manufacturers in this case offered to perform the same function, the arrangement being made in this way it can be achieved that a so-called doubling is achieved (e.g. according to DE-A-3151063). Such machines are also used to carry out the third processing step (mixing) according to this invention.

The assemblies of the blowroom line according to FIG. 4 described so far are exclusively conventional design and remain in their known effects unchanged. However, the chute 95 is followed by an outlet unit 97, which is shown in FIG System according to this invention must be changed as explained below.

In currently known plants, the unit passes 97 flakes to a pipe 98, which turns into a pneumatic transport system to transfer the flakes to one Forward fine cleaner 6 (Fig. 1). The fine cleaner 6 often also serves as Feeding machine for the flake feeding to the carding machine (see line 7, Fig. 1). To However, this invention is no longer a "fine cleaning machine" as a single machine intended. The outlet unit 97 must now function as the feed machine take over and the outlet pipe 98 therefore merges into a channel 100 which the Feeds flakes to all cards in the card group assigned to the food processor. In Fig. 4 shows only one card 11 of this group, where it is indicated that the Channel 100 continues to supply other cards.

The flake feed for the cards remains in itself of the invention unaffected and is therefore not explained in detail here. The flake feed but must be controlled, for which purpose a sensor 101 and a control device in FIG. 4 102 according to EP-C-303023, wherein the device 102 also signals from the cards receives and controls the food machine (outlet unit 97) accordingly, what with the Line 103 is indicated schematically and is explained in the aforementioned EP document. If the food processor works according to the so-called stop / go process, what the present invention is not essential, the control can also according to EP-C-311831 be designed to enable "stop / go optimization".

The outlet unit 97 (as shown in FIG. 4) itself provides an opening step because it has an opening roller 104 with a clamping supply (in the form of a Feed roller pair 105) includes. In a further known variant there is Outlet unit 97 from a direct (reversal) connection between shaft 95 and the tube 98 if the assortment to be processed does not have an opening step this place requires. The outlet unit 97 is in any case preferably as one designed controllable unit, which can take over the flake feeding function, otherwise an additional dining machine must be used. The controllable Unit could, however, from the shaft 95 and the feed roller pair 105 (without Opener roller 104) are formed, the feed roller pair 105 fibers directly in provides the transport air flow, which by suitable means (not shown) in the tube 98 or Line 100 is generated. This means that the system can now be designed that no clamp feed (with or without material excretion) before Card filling chute is provided.

The outlet unit which is integrated in the mixer in FIG. 4 could of course be formed as a separate module which takes over the fibers from the mixer and passes them on in a controlled manner.
When processing chemical fibers (also called synthetic fibers), it is not necessary to clean the material by removing impurities, ie the coarse cleaner 4 is also not required. In this case, delivery can be made directly from line 3 to line 5, which is indicated by the dashed arrow 80 in FIG. 4. At best, however, it is then advantageous to design the outlet stage 97 as an opening stage.

Fig. 5 shows a blowroom facility, which is designed to cotton / synthetic blends to form and to a carding machine according to this invention (not in Fig. 5 shown). The system comprises a bale opener 1, a coarse cleaner 4 and a mixing machine 90, however (compared to FIG. 4) in another System configuration. Line 3 is now with a branch A (a controllable Flap) so that flakes are selectively attached to coarse cleaner 4 (via branch 3X) or can be supplied to the mixing machine 90 (via the branch 3Y). The Working area of the bale opener 1 is divided into "blocks", each block with a "own" range of fibers (cotton or synthetic, e.g. polyester) can be occupied can (for such an operation, see e.g. EP-C-221306).

The flakes from the cotton range (s) contain impurities that are to be removed if possible. They are therefore sent to the coarse cleaner 4. The Flakes from the synthetic assortment (s) do not contain any body, which means an excretion of material can be removed. You will therefore be reminded of the Mixing machine 90 delivered. To make this possible (with a single bale opener 1) the aforesaid flap corresponding to the position of the removal arm 73 controlled in relation to his field of work. The outlet unit 97 of the machine 90 comprises guide elements 107, which bring the fiber material from the shaft 95 to the pipe 98 forward, this material through the cooperation of the opening roller 104 is opened with the feed roller pair 105, i.e. the flake size is reduced. In this case, the outlet unit 97 does not serve as a feed machine for the carding machine, because the synthetic fiber is mixed with cotton fiber before carding Need to become. The latter step takes place in machine 110, which is described in EP-A-628646 or EP-C-383246 works.

The machine 110 also includes multiple (five in the example) chutes 111,112,113,114,115, where the flakes are separated from the transport air. This However, shafts are not (like shafts 91, FIG. 4) at a common entrance connected, but each with its own input 111E, 112E. 113E, 114E and 115E. The shafts of the machine 110 can therefore each individually, individually, are supplied with fibers, in the example shown with five different ones Assortments. To simplify the figure, there are only two lines 116 and 117 therein (one 116 for cotton, the other 117 for synthetic fibers), each shaft 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 assigned its own feed line could be. If this line, like line 117, with a Mixing machine 90 is connected, one mixing machine per Assortment to be provided. A variant with a mixer 90A on the Line 116 is indicated by the dashed box 90A, wherein in the illustrated Variant of only one cotton assortment on all three shafts 111, 112, 113 can be delivered. If there is no mixing in front of the machine 110 , it would be possible by means of a flap on the branch AZ different ranges of cotton sequentially via a common line 5A each to send a shaft 111, 112, 113. In such a case, it is advantageous if the coarse cleaner 4 is set individually for processing each assortment can be e.g. according to EP-A-641870. Even when processing one Cotton assortment could at best on the additional blending machine 90A be dispensed with if the three shafts 111, 112, 113 of the machine 110 are together with the assembly 120, 121 for sufficient mixing (by means of doubling) to care. These comments are intended to indicate that the facility is very flexible, but still has to be adapted to the requirements.

At its lower end, each shaft of the machine 110 is equipped with a metering unit 118 provided (only indicated for the shaft 111, the other units are identical). The operation of this unit 118 is in EP-C-383246 described and will not be repeated here. The metering units 118 each form one Fiber layer on the common conveyor belt 119, which they a compressor 120 supplies, where a cotton wool is formed from all five layers. The cotton wool becomes one (schematically indicated) opening unit 121, where again flakes formed and delivered to a tube 123 for transmission to a fan 124 become. The blown air flow from fan 124 can be used to transport the Flakes can be used. The outlet unit 120, 121, 123, 124 serves in this Example as a feeding machine for the carding machine.

• dass in der Speiseeinheit eine Klemmspeisung ohne anschliessende Materialausscheidung vorgesehen werden kann,
• dass keine Reinigung im freien Flug zwischen der steuerbaren Speiseeinheit und der Karderie vorgesehen werden muss,
• dass im Füllschacht der Karde eine Reinigungsfunktion erfüllt werden kann,
• dass es nicht nötig ist, überschüssiges Material aus dem oberen Teil des Füllschachtes beim Stoppen der Karde zu entfernen.

The invention accordingly provides an installation in which the flock feeding for the card is carried out by controlling the delivery of a mixing machine, which is also provided in EP-C-361276. The system according to the present invention differs in many features from the system according to EP-C-361276, for example in that

• that a clamping feed without subsequent material separation can be provided in the supply unit,
• that no cleaning in free flight between the controllable feeding unit and the card must be provided,
• that a cleaning function can be performed in the card slot,
• that it is not necessary to remove excess material from the upper part of the hopper when the card is stopped.

Degree of cleaning, course of nits, degree of opening

6 comprises three diagrams A, B, C, which show the respective course of the Show cleaning levels for three different blowroom configurations. diagram A (above) corresponds to a blowroom ("blowroom I"), in which the cleaning function is particularly concentrated in a single stage. Diagram B corresponds to one Blowroom ("blowroom II"), in which the cleaning function is divided into several stages becomes. Diagram C corresponds to a blow room ("blow room III") according to the present one Invention. Each diagram assumes a dirt content in the bale (level B) of the order of 3%. The levels are rough cleaning for all diagrams (G), mixing (M), fine cleaning (F), and reserve chute (S, in the carding machine chute) listed, although in Putzerei I no coarse cleaner and in Putzerei III no fine cleaner available. The "curves" connect measured values, whereby each measured value corresponds to the represents the respective residual dirt content at the exit of the specified level.

Fig. 7 comprises two diagrams, the Nissen course for blowrooms I / II and III correspond, with each diagram of a nit number in the bale in the Of the order of magnitude of 250. Since the nits for today's blow room I and II are approximately the same, is only an average of the values for such in Fig. 7 Cleaning companies shown.

The degree of opening is not shown separately here. The course of the degrees of opening but corresponds approximately to the course of the number of nits. In other words, the The number of nits tends to increase with the degree of opening because it is "lighter" than well-opened ones Roll up fibers into nits. It is therefore an advantage of the arrangement according to the Invention that the "fine opening" is carried out relatively late. The fibers can thus conveyed as relatively coarse flakes by the transport tubes, which the The formation of nits in these pipes is reduced.

The number of nits also depends on the flow rate when opening. The Allocation of the total amount of fibers to the card slots before carrying out the Fine opening is therefore an advantage in itself in avoiding nits.

nip feed

FR1

Die Zuführung des Materials erfolgt aus einer Vorlage in der Form einer Watte z.B. aus einem Flockenteppich.
Diese Watte kann über die ganze Arbeitsbreite gebildet werden. Sie sollte möglichst gleichmässig sowohl über die Arbeitsbreite als auch in der Längsrichtung gebildet werden, wobei Dichte-Schwankungen innerhalb vorgegebener Grenzen normalerweise (bei praktisch vernünftigem Aufwand) unvermeidbar sind, weshalb die Zufuhr an eine Öffnerwalze erfolgt. Die Vorlage wird meistens aus einem pneumatisch geförderten Flockenstrom gebildet, was das Trennen der Flocken von der Transportluft erfordert. Füllschächte haben sich während den letzten dreissig Jahren als die für diese Aufgabe am besten geeignete Mittel erwiesen.

FR2

Die Zuspeisegeschwindigkeit ist relativ gering (z.B. kleiner als 0,5 m/s und typischerweise weniger als 0,1 m/s für eine Lieferung zwischen 200 und 500 kg/h.)

FR3

Die Vorlage wird durch eine Klemmlinie (bzw. eine Klemmzone) geführt, welche auf die Vorlage eine Rückhaltekraft ausübt. Die Klemmwirkung wird möglichst gleichmässig über die Arbeitsbreite verteilt. Die Klemmlinie kann durch verschiedene Mittel gebildet werden, wie nachfolgend anhand der Figur 8 erklärt wird.

FR4

Der Faserweg zwischen der Klemmlinie und der ihr folgenden Öffner- bzw. Reinigerwalze ist kleiner als 100 mm bei der Verarbeitung von Fasern mit einer mittleren Stapellänge bis ca. 60 mm. Dieser Parameter wird nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 8 näher erläutert.
Durch das Merkmal FR4 wird eine gute Öffnungsfunktion gewährleistet, indem die Öffnerwalze Faser aus der zugeführten Vorlage herausziehen kann, ohne diese zu reissen.

Various examples of a clamp feed for fine cleaning are explained in more detail below. These examples have the following characteristics in common:

FR1

The material is fed from a template in the form of a cotton wool, for example from a flake carpet.
This cotton wool can be formed over the entire working width. It should be formed as evenly as possible both across the working width and in the longitudinal direction, density fluctuations within predetermined limits being normally unavoidable (with practically reasonable expenditure), which is why it is fed to an opening roller. The template is mostly formed from a pneumatically conveyed stream of flakes, which requires the flakes to be separated from the transport air. Manholes have proven to be the most suitable for this task over the past thirty years.

FR2

The feed speed is relatively low (e.g. less than 0.5 m / s and typically less than 0.1 m / s for a delivery between 200 and 500 kg / h.)

FR3

The template is guided through a clamping line (or a clamping zone) which exerts a retaining force on the template. The clamping effect is distributed as evenly as possible over the working width. The clamping line can be formed by various means, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 8.

FR4

The fiber path between the clamping line and the following opening or cleaning roller is less than 100 mm when processing fibers with an average stack length of up to approx. 60 mm. This parameter is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 8.
The feature FR4 ensures a good opening function in that the opening roller can pull fiber out of the supplied template without tearing it.

GR1

Zuführung flockenförmig,

GR2

Zuführgeschwindigkeit relativ hoch, > 5 m/s,

GR3

Reinigung im freien Flug (ohne Rückhaltung d.h. ohne Klemmlinie).

The above-mentioned features FR1 to FR4 apply equally to a clamping power supply that is used in an opening unit as in a cleaning unit. The clamp supply or fine cleaning can be compared with the corresponding features of the rough cleaning:

GR1

Feed flake-shaped,

GR2

Feed speed relatively high,> 5 m / s,

GR3

Cleaning in free flight (without restraint, ie without a clamping line).

FIGS. 8A to 8J schematically show different designs as examples a feed device 32 with a clamping supply. The designs are additional designed as dosing devices according to EP-B-383 246, but what for the present invention is not essential. If the dosage is not necessary in a particular case, the feed device can be simplified accordingly, since the EP-B-383 246 provided measurement of the distance "x" in the clamping gap is then omitted. Even if the dosage is provided, it is at most sufficient for the card filling shaft, one Volume flow (rather than a mass flow) to dose. In such a case it is possible to take special measures to keep the density of the material constant Dispense with the clamping gap.

8K finally shows a simplified variant (without metering).

In the illustrations of FIGS. 8A to 8K, the distance between the clamping point is and the fiber takeover point (in the sense of EP-A-419 415) each indicated with "P". This distance is (according to the aforementioned feature FR4) when processing "Short staple fiber" (cotton and chemical fiber with the appropriate staple length) is not selected larger than 100 mm and preferably in the range 14mm to 40mm. The "Cleaning parameters" P can be adjustable according to EP-A-419 415, so that the Parameters can be adapted to the fiber range to be processed. The Parameter P can e.g. by means of a controller with a cleaning map according to EP-A-452 676 can be made adjustable.

The arrangement of a metering device 32 with feed rollers 318, 320 and the opening roller 33 is shown in Figure 8A.

The two side walls 156, 158 of the flake shaft extend close to the Surfaces of the feed rollers 318 and 320 approach and diverge from one another slight, so that there are no flake jams. The flakes 160 in the shaft 3 are of the feed rollers rotating in opposite directions in the direction of the arrow 318 and 320 detected and compressed to a flake cotton 162. The opening roller 33 then loosens the flakes from this cotton wool and forms a flake flow 132, which continues in the direction of arrow 164. All of those with the speed n The flakes are rotated around the feed rollers by a conveyor nip transported, whose width x the smallest distance between the two feed rollers represents and its length the length of the feed rollers or the width of the Side walls of the shaft corresponds.

The axis of rotation of the feed roller 318 is 166, the axis of rotation of the feed roller 320 marked with 168 and the axis of rotation of the opening roller 33 with 170. The axis of rotation 166 of the feed roller 318 is in the same way as the axis of rotation 170 of the opening roller 33 Flake shaft firmly arranged. However, the axis of rotation 168 of the feed roller 320 is carried by two arms 172, only one of which can be seen in the figure. The second arm 172 is located on the other end of the feed roller 320 and is designed exactly as the arm 172 shown. This arm 172 is on the axis of rotation of the Opener roller 33 is mounted and can thus rotary movements about this axis of rotation 170 in Execute in the direction of the double arrow 174. As can be seen, such movements lead to a change in the distance x.

A biasing device 176 is provided on the right side of the figure in the form of a biasing spring 178 which at one end against a Filling shaft fixed stop 180 and at the other end with one abuts the arm 172 connected stop 182. Between the stop 180 and the stop 182 extends a rod 184 which is slidable within the Stop 182 is arranged. It is understood that a second biasing device 176 is provided on the other end of the feed roller 320 and there as well presses the associated arm 172. The two springs 178 therefore try Reduce distance x. The minimum distance x is determined by an anchor device 186 given that works with the arm 172 shown. Another The stop device 186 is located on the other end of the feed roller 320 and works in a corresponding manner with the arm 172 there.

The distance x arises during operation depending on the pressure prevailing in the conveyor shaft, the density and degree of opening of the flakes and the force of the springs 178, where the size of the distance x depends on the displacement movement of the rod 184 can be determined within the stop 182. Rod 184 and stop 182 are designed as displacement measuring devices.

The dosing process and the control carried out are explained in EP-C-470 577 Service.

FIG. 8B now shows an embodiment which is very similar to the embodiment of FIG. 8A is, but the feed roller 318 is no longer driven, but simply free is rotatably arranged. This version is based on the knowledge that the due the flake flow resulting from the feed roller 320 has considerable frictional forces on the Feed roller 318, especially when the surface of the feed roller 318 is not smooth, but has a surface texture that leads to an increased Friction coefficient leads, these frictional forces are quite sufficient to the To drive the feed roller at a surface speed which the Speed of the flake flow or the surface speed of the Feed roller 320 corresponds.

Apart from this change, the design corresponds to the design according to the figure 8B largely that of the embodiment according to FIG. 8A, which is why the same Reference numerals are used for the same parts, so that a separate Description of these parts is not required. It is sufficient to point out that the Axis of rotation 166 of the feed roller 318 is fixedly arranged, while the feed roller 320 is driven in the direction of travel. Conversely, it would be just as possible, only that Drive feed roller 318 and the further feed roller 320 freely rotatable interpreted.

8C, the arrangement of the opening roller 33 and the driven rotating feed roller 320 remained the same, which is why the same Reference numerals for these parts have been retained. The feed roller 318 is but has been replaced by a fixed slide 300, which together with the Feed roller 320 forms a conveyor gap 302, which is its minimum at point 304 Width.

In the embodiment of FIG. 8D, the slide 300 is surrounded by a circumferential band 306 has been replaced, which is guided around two deflection rollers 308 and 310. The upper Deflection roller 308 is driven in this example about axis 312, specifically in Arrow direction 314, at a speed that the surface running speed of the belt 306 in the direction of arrow 316 the surface running speed of the rotatable Feed roller 320 is the same. The arrangement of the rotatable feed roller 320 and the Opener roller 33 corresponds to that of Figure 8A, which is due to the use of the same Reference numbers is expressed. This arrangement will be short here not described for the sake of it.

In the case of a driven revolving belt 306, it is not essential required, a deflecting roller 310 in the lowest region of the band formed Provide loop. Instead, the tape can be over a triangular guide body 218 are guided. But in this example it is too possible not to drive the belt at all, but it can be below that of the flake stream exerted frictional forces are moved by this flocculation. In one In such a case, it is desirable to have a deflection roller which can freely rotate about the axis 220 Provide 310, in addition to the then freely rotatable guide roller 308, so the friction preventing the free movement of the conveyor belt is as low as possible is held. The minimum width 304 of the conveyor gap 302 is in this example also arranged at the lower end of the circulating belt.

The embodiment of FIG. 8E shows a driven feed roller 320.2 and one fixed feed trough 322. The feed roller 320.2 is in the direction of the arrow around the Axis of rotation 168.2, and the axis of rotation 168.2 is at both ends of the respective handlebar 172.2, the two handlebars 172.2 (of which only the one can be seen in FIG. 8E) at the upper end of the fixed feed trough 322 the axis of rotation 324 are articulated. The conveyor gap 302 has its in this example minimum width at location 304. This attachment of feed roller 320.2 enables a change in the minimum width 304 by pivoting movements of the handlebars according to arrows 174.2. The pretensioner 176.2 is according to the Figure 8A formed, but engages the lower end of the handlebar 172.2 and thus pushes the feed roller in the direction of the feed trough 322.

In the embodiment of FIG. 8F, both feed rollers are encircled by belts 306 and 326 have been replaced. The arrangement of the circulating belt 306 around the both pulleys 308 and 310 fully corresponds to the arrangement of the corresponding circumferential belt 306 of Figure 8D, which is why this arrangement with is provided with the same reference numerals and is not specifically described here. The revolving band 326 is designed approximately the same, that is, it runs around an upper Deflection roller 328, which is driven and rotates about the axis 330. The revolving belt 326 is also guided over a lower deflection roller 332, which around the Axis of rotation 334 is freely rotatable. 334 engages at both ends of this axis a biasing device 176.3, which corresponds essentially to the Biasing device of the previous figures is designed, but with the additional Measure that the parts 182 at both ends of the axis of rotation with one another stable rod 336 are connected to ensure that the gap width at the narrowest point 304 of the conveyor gap 302 over the entire axial length of the Deflection rollers 310 and 332 remain constant. Such a rod 336 can also be used the other versions are provided. The axis of rotation 330 of the deflection roller 328 is with the axis of rotation 334 of the roller 332 on a common carrier body (not shown) pivotally mounted about axis 330.

In this example either both circulating belts can be the same Surface run speed can be driven, or it can either be either only the circulating belt 306 or only the circulating belt 326 are driven, and the other circulating belt can then freely circulate. In the case of free surrounding belts, it is preferably the lower deflection point as a freely rotatable roller perform. In the case of driven belts, however, deflection bodies such as for example 318 or 338 can be provided, for example the Deflection body 318 and the deflection body 338 are arranged movably can. Here, the mobility of the deflecting body 338 is reduced to one Pivotal movement around the axis 330 limited. This example also changes the minimum width 304 in operation, and the changes in this distance will be in controlling the surface revolution speed of the driven rotating belt or the driven rotating belts are taken into account.

FIG. 8G ultimately shows a development of the embodiment according to FIG. 8C, the rotatable feed roller 320 with a circulating belt 326 accordingly 8F has been replaced. After the arrangement of the circulating belt 326 has been described in detail with reference to FIG. 8F, can be referred to here further description of the same subject can be dispensed with. It's just supposed to be noted that the circulating belt 326 in this Example must necessarily be a driven belt. In this example too The width 304 changes in operation, and the changes in this width are reflected in the Regulation of the surface running speed of the revolving belt 326 considered. This speed of rotation is of course predetermined here, as with all other embodiments in which circulating belts are used, by the rotational speed of the associated driven deflection roller, in this example 328.

FIG. 8H shows an embodiment in which the feed roller 320.5 is in the direction of the arrow is driven about a fixed axis of rotation 168.5. The feed roller 318 is in this example is replaced by a spring-loaded plate 370, i.e. the plate is also with a pretensioner 176.5 in the direction of arrow 372 against the flake mass biased. Guides 374 and 376 that go below and above as well as to both Arranged sides of the plate 370 ensure that the plate only along the Arrow direction 372 can move. Again, the measuring device, which is a signal that changes the distance 304 of the minimum width of the conveyor gap 302 reflected, installed in the pretensioner 176.5. Instead of the sprung one Realizing plate 370 in this form could also be used as a leaf spring be formed, in which case a separate sensor would be required to the in Operation changes occurring to determine the distance 304.

FIG. 8J shows a further modified arrangement of the embodiment according to FIG 8A, in which both feed rollers 318.4 should have a desired production m have a fixed distance from each other and about fixed axes of rotation 166.4 and 168.4 turn in the directions of rotation indicated by the arrows are specified. The opening roller 33 rotates around the also fixed arranged axis of rotation 170.

The axis of rotation 168.4 of the feed roller 320.4 is at both ends of in Frontal view carried in approximately triangular plates 340 (only one of which is shown in Figure 8J can be seen), the two plates being connected to one another via connecting rods (not shown) are connected. The plates 340 are in turn arranged around a fixed one The axis of rotation 342 is arranged pivotably, as indicated by the double arrow 344 is. In operation, however, the triangular plates 340 and therefore also a fixed position Axis of rotation 168.4 of the feed roller 320.4 selected. This is done via a Threaded spindle 346, which by a solid part 348 with an internal thread is passed through. The part 348 is arranged fixed to the machine. A handwheel 350 that can also be replaced by a motor drive, which allows turning the Threaded spindle 346, whereby the position of the triangular plates 340 can be determined. Since a corresponding spindle arrangement for the second, not shown Triangular plate is provided, the two spindle drives are coupled together be what can be done for example via the circulating belt 352.

At the end of each threaded spindle 346 there is a yoke 354, the leg 356 of which and 358 on the respective side of a flap part 360 of the associated triangular plate 340 are arranged. Between each leg 356 and 358 and the tab 356 there are load cells 362 and 364, which are connected via lines, not shown connected to the computer. The two feed rollers promote this in operation Flake material through the conveyor gap 302 and through the 304 location of the minimum Width, and a force P acts on the feed roller 320.4, which tries to to pivot the triangular plates 340 about the axis of rotation 342. An actual one Swiveling does not occur because it is prevented by the spindle-yoke arrangement. The load cells 362 and 364 enable the size of these to be determined Force from the computer, which also takes the geometric circumstances into account.

The fluctuations in this force correspond to the fluctuations in the density of the Flock current at point 304 and are used by the computer to regulate the Speed of rotation of the feed roller 320.4 and, if applicable, the feed roller 318.4, if this roller is also or alternatively driven, processed so that the desired mass flow m should be observed.

If you want to change the production from the shaft, this can be done by Change the speed of rotation of the feed roller 320.4 and, if necessary, the Feed roller 318.4 take place. But to create a wider adjustment range, can be changed or set the minimum width 304 by means of the spindle 346, so that the speed changes of the feed rollers are kept within predetermined limits independent of the intended production.

Finally, it should be mentioned that the embodiment of Figure 8J in which the distance 304 is kept constant, and the magnitude of the force exerted by the feeding devices tries to spread apart, is measured, analogously with all others Embodiments used instead of the biasing devices described can be.

Although in FIGS. 8B to 8G the pretensioners 176, 176.3 and 176.4 are so are shown as in the embodiment of Fig. 8A, it is understood that in practice this Preload devices preferably by gas pressure springs or hydraulic Arrangements should be realized to make the preload independent of the Change the minimum width 304 to keep constant. Also with the new ones Embodiments, the geometry can be chosen so that Compensatory forces occur, which also when using a conventional Compression spring lead to a force that does not work with adjustment of the one feed device or leads to a slight change in the preload.

It is understood in all embodiments of Figures 8A to 8J that the End faces of the feed devices or the opening roller plates are provided, which the flake mass or the flake flow on the sides of the conveyor gap limit.

FIG. 8K schematically shows an arrangement according to EP-A-419 415 with a Opener roller 33 and a feed device 32, the feed roller 320 and one Includes feeder 300. The directions of rotation of the rollers (indicated by arrows) result in a synchronous feed, that means the fiber material is through the Opener roller 33 carried away from the feed trough 300, it is not after the Takeover by the opening roller 33 between the trough 300 and the surface of the Roller 300 returned. The feed roller 320 is opposite the opening roller 33 arranged that a compression gap V is defined where the radius R of the Opener roller 33 with the radius r of roller 320 is in alignment. This Compression gap V defines the "takeover point" where the fiber material from the Opening roller 33 is taken over.

The feed trough 300 is arranged opposite the feed roller 320 such that it together define a narrowest point ES. The distance "p" between the point ES and the compression gap V should according to EP-A-419 415 the stack length of the processing material. This is preferably accomplished by that the trough 300 is set in relation to the roller 320 as by the Double arrow is indicated in Figure 8K. The position of the well 300 is preferred adjustable around the axis of rotation of the roller 320, around the angular position of the radius (indicated by dashed lines) through the narrowest point ES relative to the radius r change.

fine cleaning

FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 each show one possibility for realizing the 3 using known devices that are already for the Fine cleaning has been proposed. In all of these figures, the reference number 31 on the upper part of the shaft (feed shaft), the symbol 32 on one Feeder with a clamp supply and the symbol 33 on an opening roller (see Fig. 3).

Figure 9 is derived from Figure 1 of CH-C-464021. The latter script describes one Fine cleaner of the sixties. Thereafter, one received in a housing 401 Opener roller 33 with sawtooth fitting 403 roughly opened fiber material from one Shaft 31 via a pair of compressor rollers 405 and a feed device 32 in the Form of a pair of feed rollers 406. Then in the direction of travel of the striker 33 are rods 407 in an equidistant manner over approximately half the circumference of the racket placed close to the impact circle, the angle α to the radius about 60 ° + 10 ° is. The other surface forming the front edge closes with the tangent a small angle of about 0 to 2 °. All of the bars 407 forming the grate sit on a frame 412 which can be folded down about the axis of rotation 411 or which, after being folded down allowed in the dash-dotted position, the opening roller 33 after opening the Extend housing wall 413 approximately horizontally to the left and by another desired opening roller, e.g. with new or different Set to be exchanged. A guide plate is attached to each grate bar 407, one has guide surface running in the tangential direction near the impact circle. she covers the opening roller 33 about half the distance to the next one Leading edge. Each plate is adjustable along its rod 407. By an increase The distance of the sheet from the opening roller circle ensures that the material due to the acting centrifugal forces somewhat more from the fogging of the Lift opener roller and thus hits the next edge more strongly. The Attack of this edge is thus directly influenced by the guide plate setting and as This also results in the degree of impurity excretion without the found optimal position of the knives in relation to the opening roller circle changed must become.

The arrangement had to be used as an element of the present invention according to CH-C-464021 be changed by the opening roller on its the grate diametrically opposite side is provided with a casing 415, which the wall 416 of the lower shaft part joins, with a tapping edge 417 is provided between these wall parts. The edge 417 can be made from the wall parts 415, 416, or it can be formed separately and on the wall parts to be assembled. It serves to separate the fiber material from the opening roller 33 and redirect into the lower part of the shaft.

Fig. 10 derived from EP-A-481302 shows a more modern design according to the same principle with a feed shaft 31, which flake material in one converging gap between a blind drum 502 and a sieve drum 503 releases, the latter sucking air from the fed cotton. This vented Cotton is used as a fiber mat on a take-off roller 504 and from there into a another converging gap between a feed trough 322 and one Feed roller 321 guided and by means of this feed roller 321 an opening roller 33 fed.

This opening roller 33 takes over with the teeth 508 provided on its surface (also called tooth set) the fed fibers, which makes them known per se Form a fiber layer guided by the teeth 508 on its surface a nonwoven is created. However, this nonwoven has due to the relatively high Peripheral speed of the opening roller and the resulting Centrifugal force, the tendency to be carried away by the teeth, which is why this Depending on the fiber layer, before it is led to a first grate bar module M1 Distance between the feed roller 321 and the first module M1, by means of a forward the first cleaning module M1 (seen in the direction D of the opening roller 33) Guide surface 541 located and thereby flung away is prevented.

The fiber layer is then attached to a series of cleaning elements or Grid bar modules passed, which are designated M1, M2. The Grate bar modules M1 are shown on an enlarged scale with the aid of FIG. 10A. It is a grate bar 548 with flanges on the end face with a Separating edge 577 and a guide surface 576, while the grate bar module M2, with end flanges 579 provided with a set of teeth 549 (Fig. 10) is. The grate bars M1, M2 are received in a grate 509, as follows is explained in more detail.

After the last grate bar module M1, it reaches teeth 508 Opener roller 33 located fiber layer due to the centrifugal force in a mouth 545 of the lower part of the shaft. At this mouth 545 there are no guide elements, which would limit the movement of the fibers radially outwards. The inclination of the material to move radially downward (opposite the opening roller 33) supported by a tapping edge 547 similar to the edge 417 (Fig. 9). That edge can be formed by the wall parts 540, 546 or it can be fixed to these parts to be assembled. The separated impurities fall into a collection chamber 103rd

The grate 509 has two grate frames 509a (only one frame can be seen in FIG. 10) between which the grate bar modules M1, M2 are attached, the flanges of the Place grate bar modules against the inner surface of the grate frame. The grate frames 509a, and thus the grate 509, are pivoted by means of a pivot axis 510. The grate can also be adjustable in the X or Y directions by using the bearings for the Pivot axis 510 is adjustable, e.g. by means of adjusting motors 521 and 522. Each grate frame 509a has a guide cam 511 with one Guide surface 512 on which a guide roller 513 rests, the component of a displacement mechanism 514.

In Figure 10, a filled circle marked with 533 (or circular Point) a fixed connection of a pivot lever 542 (identified only once in FIG. 10) with a grate bar module M1 and at the same time a swivel axis of the Represent pivot lever 542 and the grate bar module so that when pivoting this pivot lever 542 the grate bar module M1 about this pivot axis 533 is pivoted. Fixing the position of module M1 on swivel axis 533 happens by means of a fixing screw 575 (Figure 10A). The other end of each Swivel lever 542 is each with a hinge 535 with a Power transmission lever 536 pivotally connected. The last of articulation points 535, Seen in the direction of rotation of the opening roller 33, connects the previous one Power transmission lever 536 pivotable with a plunger 537, a servomotor 538 which in turn is pivotally connected to a stationary support element 539 is. Since all power transmission levers 536 by means of said articulation points 535 connected together, all power transmission levers 536 make the movement of the ram 537 at the same time, so that all grate bar modules, which have a fixed Have connection 533 with the pivot lever 542 are pivoted.

FIG. 10 also shows an empty circle, identified by 534, which merely indicates that the grate bar module M2 at this point, not with the Pivot axis 533 and thus not connected to the pivot lever 542 and that the pivot axes 533 and the pivot lever 542 are only required so that the power transmission via all power transmission levers 536 work can. The fixed grate bar module M2 is attached by means of a screw 543 connected to the grate frame 509a. The screw 543 is in one in the grate frame 509a provided guide slot directed radially to the axis of rotation of the opening roller 33 guided so that the location of these grate bar modules within this Slit is changeable.

FIG. 10A shows two grate bar modules M1 shown enlarged with one Angle of attack α1 and clearance angle µ1. The angle of attack α1 is represented by a Guide surface 574 and the impact circle shown as a straight line in these figures 544, while the clearance angle µ1 through the impact circle 544 and that in FIG. 10A simplified guiding surface 576 is formed. The leadership area 574 is used to guide the dirt detached from the fiber fleece. Next is from the FIG. 10A recognizes that the pivot shaft 533 is in the area of the left one shown Corner of the grate bar module, seen with a view of the figure, is located in the essentially on the side of the grate bar module which the knife edge (or Separation edge) 577 includes. This changes when swiveling the Grate bar modules around the axis of rotation of the pivot shaft 533, the clearance angle p and the Distance B1, while the distance A.1 is practically not changed, so that with With the aid of the adjustment of the grating 509, the distance A1 is set by the said Pan, only negligibly little is changed.

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment which is derived from FIG. 4.1 of EP-A-419 415, with two separating blades and three guide elements instead of grate bar modules. On the outermost circumference of an opening roller 33 with a toothed surface the so-called Impact circle S is through the cotton wool to be cleaned in the direction of the bold arrows the cleaning level moves. In the direction of transport, the cotton that is already in front of this Cleaning stage was exposed to the centrifugal force and in which the Have contaminated particles concentrated in the outer zone, first under performed a guide element 580. The guide element protrudes into the transport path and deflects the cotton towards the inside, i.e. against the centrifugal force, and strengthens it thereby the radial separation of the cotton into dirt and fibers. On the A separating blade 581 follows in the direction of transport of the fibers performed under this separating blade and thereby into a fiber and a Contamination fraction separated. The separating blade 581 follows in the transport direction second guide 582, a second separating blade 583 and then a third guide 584th

• der Abstand p₁ zwischen den Trennklingen 581 und 583 und dem Schlagkreis S,
• der Abstand p₅ zwischen den Leitelementen 580, 582 und 584 und dem Schlagkreis S,
• der Abstand p₆ je zwischen einem Leitelement 580 resp. 582 und einer Trennklinge 581 resp. 583.

The following sizes can be set so that the group of guide elements and separating blades for fibers of different provenances or provenance mixtures can be set:

• the distance p ₁ between the separating blades 581 and 583 and the impact circle S,
• the distance p ₅ between the guide elements 580, 582 and 584 and the impact circle S,
• the distance p ₆ each between a guide element 580 respectively. 582 and a separating blade 581 respectively. 583rd

FIG. 11 also shows three levers 42, 46 and 44, by means of which the three distances can be set by means of a motor drive. If the lever 42 is moved around a pivot point B, as indicated by the dot-dash line in the diagram, the entire device moves away from the impact circle, that is to say p ₁ and p ₅ become larger to the same extent. The drawn position of the lever 42 and the separating blades 581 and 583 is the position closest to the impact circle.

When the lever 44 is moved around a pivot point C, as shown in dash / dotted lines in the figure, the guide elements 580, 582 and 584 move away from the impact circle, while the separating blades 581 and 583 maintain their position, that is to say p _{5 increases} while p ₁ remains the same. The drawn position of the lever 44 and the guide elements 580, 582 and 584 is the position closest to the impact circle relative to the separating blades.

When lever 46 is moved around a pivot point G, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in the figure, all guide elements 580, 582 and 584 move in the transport direction of the cotton wool without it or the separating blades 581 and 583 having their radial position relative to the impact circle S. change. In other words, the guide elements 580 rsp. 582 move against the separating blades 581 rsp. 583 and thus p ₆ becomes smaller. In the drawn position of lever 46, guide elements 580, 582 and 584 and separating blades 581 and 583, P _{6 has} the greatest possible value.

• das erste Leitelement 580 fehlt,
• hinter dem dritten Leitelement 584 eine dritte Trennklinge folgt, das heisst, dass die Trennvorrichtung aus drei Paaren von je einem Leitelement und einer Trennklinge besteht.
• die gesamte Reinigungsstufe aus mehr als drei Paaren von je einer Trennklinge und einem Leitelement besteht.

Design variants for the exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is shown in FIG. 11, can consist in that

• the first guide element 580 is missing,
• a third separating blade follows behind the third guide element 584, that is to say that the separating device consists of three pairs of one guide element and one separating blade each.
• the entire cleaning stage consists of more than three pairs of a separating blade and a guide element.

• Faserstrom gegenüber der Öffnerwalze begrenzen
• Material (insbesondere Verunreinigungen) aus dem Materialstrom wegleiten)
• Öffnungswirkung erhöhen, wobei Öffnungen zwischen diesen Elementen das Ausscheiden von Verunreinigungen ermöglicht.

The opening roller 33 can be provided with a saw tooth set, but could be designed as a needle roller. The fiber material flow leaves the opening roller 33 in the same manner that was described for the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 and 10 and falls into the lower shaft part, which extends downward from the underside of the opening roller 33. The circumference of the opening roller 33 in its own direction of rotation between the shaft part 31 and the lower shaft part is occupied by elements, each of which performs one or the other of the following functions:

• Limit fiber flow compared to the opening roller
• Discharge material (especially impurities) from the material flow)
• Increase opening effect, openings between these elements allowing the removal of impurities.

The explanations according to FIGS. 9 to 11 all work according to the known one Principle according to which the fiber stream is moved along a curved path, while material is separated from the (radial) outer layers for excretion becomes. The degree of opening can be adjusted to the cleaning function so that the Contamination can "migrate" radially outwards, so that tends to be more likely Contaminants are separated as good fibers.

After the fiber stream has left these separating elements, it is directly in the delivered lower shaft. It is not necessary to process it further (e.g. to a sieve drum) or to transport - such steps (in which by the Fine cleaners caused an increased degree of opening) would lead to the formation of nits.

In a system according to the invention, dust removal can take place anywhere Transport air exits the system, e.g. at the entrance of the coarse cleaner 4, as in 4, but also in the upper shaft part 31 (cf. sieve drum 405, Fig. 9, or 503, Fig. 10. It is therefore not necessary to use one To provide the dedusting step after the opening roller 33, i.e. the fiber stream is like previously said, passed directly from the opening roller 33 to the lower part of the shaft. This statement also applies to the application of the preparation system in Connection with a spinning process (e.g. rotor spinning) that is special sensitive to dust or finer trash particles. It is also known to be a To provide a spinning preparation plant with a dedusting machine (cf. US-B-4637096) - Such an arrangement can also in combination with the present one Invention can be used.

12 schematically shows a feed shaft 8 with a cleaner module RM of this invention, e.g. according to one of Figures 9,10 and 11. The lower part 34 of the Manholes form a fiber wadding W, from which fibers by means of a feed roller SW and Feed trough SM to be conveyed to a licker-in V. There can be several Lashers are provided, as indicated by dashed circles V2 and V3 becomes. The reference symbol VM indicates a drive motor which is used for the lickerin V (and possibly for the additional licker-in V2, V3) is provided. The sign VA indicates a separating element in the licker-in module and the box VAS represents schematically an actuator system for setting the element VA with respect to the licker-in represents.

The licker V together with the separating element also forms an opening and cleaning device or a cleaning unit. Various units are known which can fulfill the required function, see for example DE 40 39 773 or
EP 618 318. The fine cleaning module RM in the shaft 8 and the cleaning unit in the card inlet can now both be linked to the card controller 120 (see also FIG. 1), so that they can be adjusted together or individually.

The setting can e.g. B. according to EP-B-452 676 (or US-5,181,195).

Claims (12)

1. An installation for the processing of textile fibres from bales (2) with a bale opener (1) and a flock conveying installation (3, 7, 98, 100) between the bale opener (1) and several carding machines (11), whereby each carding machine (11) is provided in each case with a filling shaft (8), which contains an upper part (31) for accepting flocks from the flock conveying installation (3, 7, 98, 100) and a lower part (34) for discharging a wad to the carding machine (11), characterised in that a fine cleaning device with an opening cylinder (33) is arranged between the first and second shaft parts, which contains a first grip feeder (32, 102) of the installation, whereby the lower shaft part (34) extends from the underside of the opening cylinder (33), into which the fibre flow falls directly.
2. The installation according to Claim 1, characterised in that the opening cylinder (33) is arranged directly after the grip feeder.
3. The installation according to Claim 2, characterised in that elements (102; 407; M₁; 581; 583) are contained at the circumference of the opening cylinder, which allow for the screening out of dirt.
4. The installation according to Claim 1, 2, or 3, characterised in that the carding machine (11) is designed in such a way that a production of more than 70 kg/h is to be achieved, and for preference of more than 100 kg/h.
5. The installation according to one of the foregoing Claims, characterised in that a coarse cleaning point (4) is located upstream of the filling shaft (8).
6. The installation according to one of the foregoing Claims, characterised in that a mixing machine (90; 110) is located upstream of the filling shaft (8).
7. The installation according to Claim 6, characterised in that a mixing machine (90; 110) is arranged downstream of the coarse cleaning point (4).
8. The installation according to Claim 7, characterised in that a feed machine for the flock feed (97; 123; 124) is provided for at the outlet of the mixing machine (90; 110), which can deliver controlled variable quantities of fibre flocks to a flock conveying installation.
9. The installation according to Claim 8, characterised in that the feed machine can serve several carding machines (11).
10. The installation according to one of the foregoing Claims, characterised in that the elements are formed by grating bars (102; 407; M₁) or separation blades (581; 583).
11. The installation according to one of the foregoing Claims, characterised in that the lower part of the shaft (34) is connected to a feed device (35), which delivers the fibre material out of the lower part (34) of the shaft (8) to a carding machine.
12. A method for fibre processing in the blowing room, whereby fibre flocks are drawn from fibre bales, and conducted via a conveying path to the individual filling shafts of carding machines (11), with in each case an upper part (31) and a lower part (34) of the shaft (8), are opened, and are then delivered to the carding machine (11), characterised in that, between the upper part (31) and the lower part (34) of the shaft (8), the fibres pass through a first fine cleaning point with an opening cylinder (33), which contains the first method step, where fibre flocks are passed on further by means of a grip feeder and whereby the lower shaft part (34) extends from the underside of the opening cylinder (33), and the fibre flow falls from the opening cylinder (33) directly into the lower part (34) of the shaft (8).

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