EP0881952B1 - Method and device for increasing separation accuracy in an eddy current separators - Google Patents
Method and device for increasing separation accuracy in an eddy current separators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0881952B1 EP0881952B1 EP97951936A EP97951936A EP0881952B1 EP 0881952 B1 EP0881952 B1 EP 0881952B1 EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 0881952 B1 EP0881952 B1 EP 0881952B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- product stream
- magnetic field
- gap
- downfall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
- B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
- B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for increasing the selectivity of Eddy current separators, with the isolated particles of different electrical Conductivity can be separated from a Gutsstrom in a moving magnetic field, the generated under the crop flow and moved in the horizontal direction.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a device Process.
- a time-varying magnetic field induces a voltage in a conductor.
- the way generated current flow, called eddy current in turn creates a magnetic field that the generating magnetic field is opposite.
- the generating magnetic field moves in suitably or have the field lines of the generating field a suitable shape, so a force is exerted on the conductor, which is referred to below as induction force.
- the prior art includes eddy current separators that operate on this principle However, they have only been used for the past few years, as it is only in this period that they are sufficiently strong permanent magnetic materials are available. Today is the Eddy current separation is an important process in addition to magnetic separation Recycling technology.
- a variation of this design is to make the magnet rotor eccentric in the headband roll and movable to arrange, as shown in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing. This allows the rotor position to be optimized specifically for the feed material. A similar effect other manufacturers achieve by not using the conveyor belt and thus the estate task design horizontally.
- a horizontally displaceable roller enables the variation of the Band angle in a range between about 5 ° and 15 °, as shown in Figure 4 of the attached Drawing can be seen.
- the different trajectory of the particles enables the particles to be separated.
- the weight force F G , the induction force F I and the resistance force F ⁇ act on the particle. Weight and induction are of primary importance.
- the shape of the particles and the material properties, such as conductivity ⁇ and density ⁇ , determine the ratio of induction force to weight.
- the separation criterion when separating the particles from a particle stream is therefore the ratio ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the weight acts on the particle at all times in the direction of fall.
- the induction force always acts in the direction of movement of the magnetic field, ie when using a magnetic rotor tangential to the direction of rotation.
- the angle which the two forces enclose in the course of the particle trajectory varies by almost 180 °.
- the induction force acts almost opposite to the weight force. If the particle is above the magnetic rotor, the force acts horizontally in the direction of the conveyor belt movement, thus accelerating the particle out of the material flow in the x direction. If the particle is on the other side of the magnetic rotor, it is even accelerated in the direction of the weight.
- the induction force decreases exponentially with the distance to the magnetic pole surface. If the magnetic rotor is operated in opposite directions, which is particularly necessary with small particles, the direction of the induction force u. However, the effect of the direction of the induction force, which changes as a function of time, remains the same.
- FR-A-2 668 719 describes a method for increasing the selectivity of Eddy current separators according to the preamble of claim 1 known. This The method is carried out with a device that has the characteristics of the Preamble of claim 4.
- the object of the invention is now the method and apparatus of the to further develop the latter type in order to achieve optimal separation or Ensure separation of the different particles during eddy current separation.
- the influence of the factors previously encountered in the prior art can be characterized by the following three phenomena, namely the change in Direction of the induction force on the trajectory of the particle, the change in the Drop point depending on the form of the separation factor and the exponential decrease in the magnetic flux density in the radial direction of the magnetic drum, completely eliminated.
- the induction force should act horizontally according to the invention. This is especially true in the area of the Scheider, in which the particles are deflected from their gravity movement. That area is at the same time the area of greatest force.
- the combination of these procedural characteristics are met if the to be separated or fractional Gutsstrom not horizontally but vertically, and the magnetic field moves horizontally under the estate stream. In this case the Induction force always perpendicular to the weight, especially at the beginning of the Deflection or deflection of the particle from the stream of material.
- the feed material must be fed to the separator individually, to largely prevent the mutual interference of the particles.
- the Gutsstrom is therefore driven by a vibrating trough 1 for separation Conveyor belt 2 abandoned, which runs over the pulleys 8, 9.
- a vibrating trough 1 for separation Conveyor belt 2 abandoned which runs over the pulleys 8, 9.
- the Particle 7 existing Gutsstrom a vertical movement.
- This is through reached a drum 3 rotating in opposite directions at the conveyor belt speed, which with Distance behind the pulley 8 is arranged.
- the Gutsstrom must in this case sufficiently large gap between conveyor belt 2 or deflection roller 8 and drum 3 happen and is in free fall.
- the drum 3 can for mentioned
- For this purpose also use vertical plates that delimit the gap.
- the gap width becomes the adjusted maximum particle size.
- the particle size is approximately between 3 mm and 40 mm.
- the magnetic field moves in the horizontal direction. This will be the case with the illustrated embodiment by a located in the fall line of the particle, Rotating magnetic drum 4 arranged vertically below the gap is reached.
- the Conveyor belt 5 serves to attract the magnetizable particles attracted by the magnetic field, which are made of iron or at least contain iron, to be transported out of the field because they otherwise would stick to the magnetic rotor.
- the inside of the head drum of the Conveyor belt 5 arranged magnetic drum 4 rotates with much higher Speed than the head drum. Particles with higher conductivity ⁇ become stronger in accelerated in the horizontal direction.
- the moving magnetic field should be arranged as close as possible below the conveyor belt 2, to keep the vertical velocity of the particles low and the deflection by the To increase induction power.
- Both the magnetic drum 4 with its conveyor belt 5 as well the dividers 6 are horizontally and vertically adjustable so that the distances to the have the respective optimal conditions adjusted.
- the device described above has an effect over the conventional designs significant increase in selectivity since the sorting according to the material properties is not is overlaid by the disruptive influencing factors described.
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steigerung der Trennschärfe von Wirbelstromscheidern, mit dem vereinzelte Teilchen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit aus einem Gutsstrom in einem bewegten Magnetfeld abgeschieden werden, das unter dem Gutstrom erzeugt und in horizontaler Richtung bewegt wird.The invention relates to a method for increasing the selectivity of Eddy current separators, with the isolated particles of different electrical Conductivity can be separated from a Gutsstrom in a moving magnetic field, the generated under the crop flow and moved in the horizontal direction.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens.The invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a device Process.
Ein zeitlich veränderliches Magnetfeld induziert in einem Leiter eine Spannung. Der so erzeugte Stromfluß, Wirbelstrom genannt, erzeugt wiederum ein Magnetfeld, das dem erzeugenden Magnetfeld entgegengerichtet ist. Bewegt sich das erzeugende Magnetfeld in geeigneter Weise oder besitzen die Feldlinien des erzeugenden Feldes eine geeignete Form, so wird auf den Leiter eine Kraft ausgeübt, die im folgenden als Induktionskraft bezeichnet wird.A time-varying magnetic field induces a voltage in a conductor. The way generated current flow, called eddy current, in turn creates a magnetic field that the generating magnetic field is opposite. The generating magnetic field moves in suitably or have the field lines of the generating field a suitable shape, so a force is exerted on the conductor, which is referred to below as induction force.
Zum Stand der Technik gehören nach diesem Prinzip arbeitende Wirbelstromscheider, die jedoch erst seit den letzten Jahren Anwendung finden, da erst in dieser Zeit ausreichend starke permanentmagnetische Werkstoffe zur Verfügung stehen. Heute ist die Wirbelstromscheidung neben der Magnetscheidung ein wichtiges Verfahren in der Recyclingtechnik.The prior art includes eddy current separators that operate on this principle However, they have only been used for the past few years, as it is only in this period that they are sufficiently strong permanent magnetic materials are available. Today is the Eddy current separation is an important process in addition to magnetic separation Recycling technology.
Auf Grund dieser Verfahren wurde in den 70-er Jahren ein Rutschenscheider entwickelt. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Rutsche mit schräg aufgebrachten Magnetstreifen, die die auf der Rutsche sich bewegenden elektrisch leitenden Teilchen aus der Fallinie heraus ablenken. Für die technische Anwendung ist aber zum einen die Kraftwirkung auf die elektrisch leitenden Teilchen zu gering, zum anderen ist der Durchsatz nicht ausreichend. Based on these processes, a slide separator was developed in the 1970s. It is a slide with diagonally applied magnetic strips, which the distract the slide moving electrically conductive particles out of the fall line. For technical applications, on the one hand, the force effect on the electrical conductive particles too low, on the other hand, the throughput is not sufficient.
Verschiedene weitere Ansätze führten über Linearmotoren und pulsierende Elektromagneten zum permanentmagnetbestückten Rotor. Hierbei sitzt im Kopf eines Förderbandes ein in bezug auf die Förderbandbewegung um ein Vielfaches schneller rotierender magnetbestückter Rotor, ein sogenannter Magnetrotor, der die leitenden Teilchen in Förderbandrichtung aus dem Gutsstrom herausbeschleunigt, wie in Figur 2 der Zeichnung gezeigt. Siehe hierzu die folgenden Druckschriften:
- DE 34 16 504 A1
- Andreas, U.: "Trennung von Nichteisenmetallschrott (Abschnitt 3.1)", Aufbereitungstechnik 35 (1994) Nr. 2, S.73
- Tiltmann, K. O.: "Recycling betrieblicher Abfälle",
Teil 5/2.2.1, S. 1 bis 6, WEKA Fachverlag für technische Führungskräfte GmbH, Augsburg, Oktober 1993
- DE 34 16 504 A1
- Andreas, U .: "Separation of non-ferrous metal scrap (section 3.1)", Mineral Processing 35 (1994) No. 2, p.73
- Tiltmann, KO: "Recycling of operational waste",
part 5 / 2.2.1, pp. 1 to 6, WEKA specialist publisher for technical executives GmbH, Augsburg, October 1993
Eine Variation dieser Bauart besteht darin, den Magnetrotor in der Kopfbandrolle exzentrisch und beweglich anzuordnen, wie in Figur 3 der hier beigefügten Zeichnung dargestellt. Dadurch läßt sich die Rotorposition aufgabegutsspezifisch optimieren. Einen ähnlichen Effekt erzielen andere Hersteller, indem sie das Förderband und damit die Gutsaufgabe nicht horizontal gestalten. Eine horizontal verschiebbare Rolle ermöglicht die Variation des Bandwinkels in einem Bereich zwischen ca. 5° und 15°, wie aus Figur 4 der hier beigefügten Zeichnung ersichtlich.A variation of this design is to make the magnet rotor eccentric in the headband roll and movable to arrange, as shown in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing. This allows the rotor position to be optimized specifically for the feed material. A similar effect other manufacturers achieve by not using the conveyor belt and thus the estate task design horizontally. A horizontally displaceable roller enables the variation of the Band angle in a range between about 5 ° and 15 °, as shown in Figure 4 of the attached Drawing can be seen.
Die obigen bekannten Verfahrensweisen und Vorrichtungen zu ihrer Durchführung können jedoch insgesamt, sowohl was Wirkungsgrad als auch was technische Brauchbarkeit anbelangt, nicht voll befriedigen, wie im folgenden im Hinblick auf die Wirkungsweise der Wirbelstromscheidung näher erläutert wird.The above known procedures and devices for performing them can however, overall, both in terms of efficiency and in terms of technical usability not fully satisfied, as follows with regard to the mode of operation of the Eddy current separation is explained in more detail.
Die unterschiedliche Flugbahn der Teilchen, speziell die Wurfweite, ermöglicht die Separation der Teilchen. Auf das Teilchen wirken dabei die Gewichtskraft FG, die Induktionskraft FI und die Widerstandskraft Fη ein. Primär von Bedeutung sind Gewichtskraft und Induktionskraft. Die Form der Teilchen sowie die Stoffeigenschaften, wie Leitfähigkeit κ und Dichte ρ, bestimmen das Verhältnis von Induktionskraft zu Gewichtskraft. Das Trennkriterium bei der Abscheidung der Teilchen aus einem Teilchenstrom ist demnach das Verhältnis κ/ρ. Die Gewichtskraft wirkt zu jedem Zeitpunkt in Fallrichtung auf das Teilchen. Die Induktionskraft wirkt immer in Bewegungsrichtung des Magnetfeldes, d.h. bei Verwendung eines Magnetrotors tangential zur Rotationsrichtung. Je nach Position des Teilchens ergibt sich eine andere Richtung der Induktionskraft im x/y-Koordinatensystem bzw. relativ zur Gewichtskraft. Bei der Bauweise der bekannten Wirbelstromscheider variiert der Winkel, den die beiden Kräfte im Verlauf der Teilchenflugbahn einschließen, um nahezu 180°. Bis zum Abheben des Teilchens wirkt die Induktionskraft nahezu entgegengesetzt zur Gewichtskraft. Befindet sich das Teilchen über dem Magnetrotor, so wirkt die Kraft horizontal in Förderbandbewegungsrichtung, das Teilchen wird somit in x-Richtung aus dem Gutsstrom herausbeschleunigt. Befindet sich das Teilchen auf der anderen Seite des Magnetrotors, so wird es sogar in Richtung der Gewichtskraft beschleunigt. Zu beachten ist weiterhin, daß die Induktionskraft exponential mit dem Abstand zur Magnetpoloberfläche abnimmt. Wird der Magnetrotor gegenläufig betrieben, was insbesondere bei kleinen Teilchen notwendig ist, so dreht sich die Richtung der Induktionskraft u. Die Wirkung der sich in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit ändernden Richtung der Induktionskraft bleibt jedoch in gleichem Maße bestehen.The different trajectory of the particles, especially the throw, enables the particles to be separated. The weight force F G , the induction force F I and the resistance force F η act on the particle. Weight and induction are of primary importance. The shape of the particles and the material properties, such as conductivity κ and density ρ, determine the ratio of induction force to weight. The separation criterion when separating the particles from a particle stream is therefore the ratio κ / ρ. The weight acts on the particle at all times in the direction of fall. The induction force always acts in the direction of movement of the magnetic field, ie when using a magnetic rotor tangential to the direction of rotation. Depending on the position of the particle, there is a different direction of the induction force in the x / y coordinate system or relative to the weight. In the construction of the known eddy current separators, the angle which the two forces enclose in the course of the particle trajectory varies by almost 180 °. Until the particle is lifted, the induction force acts almost opposite to the weight force. If the particle is above the magnetic rotor, the force acts horizontally in the direction of the conveyor belt movement, thus accelerating the particle out of the material flow in the x direction. If the particle is on the other side of the magnetic rotor, it is even accelerated in the direction of the weight. It should also be noted that the induction force decreases exponentially with the distance to the magnetic pole surface. If the magnetic rotor is operated in opposite directions, which is particularly necessary with small particles, the direction of the induction force u. However, the effect of the direction of the induction force, which changes as a function of time, remains the same.
Betrachtet man zwei Teilchen mit unterschiedlicher Ausprägung des Trennfaktors κ/ρ, so hebt das Teilchen mit dem größeren Trennfaktor früher vom Förderband ab und wird schneller gegen die Gewichtskraft aus dem Gutsstrom heraus beschleunigt. Im für die Flugweite mitentscheidenden Bereich ist das Teilchen jedoch weiter von der Poloberfläche entfernt, so daß die Beschleunigung in Förderbandrichtung wesentlich geringer sein kann als bei Teilchen mit einem kleineren Trennfaktor. Dies kann dazu führen, daß Teilchen mit kleinerem Trennfaktor eine höhere Flugweite erzielen. Es existiert demnach ein optimaler Trennfaktor in bezug auf die Wurfweite. Ein höherer oder niedrigerer Faktor führt zu geringeren Wurfweiten. Daraus ergibt sich, daß eine Trennung nach dem Trennfaktor in den bisher bekannten Wirbelstromscheiderkonstruktionen nicht möglich ist.If one considers two particles with different characteristics of the separation factor κ / ρ, then lifts the particle with the larger separation factor earlier from the conveyor belt and becomes accelerated faster against the weight of the material flow. Im for the However, the particle is farther from the flight range Pole surface removed, so that the acceleration in the direction of the conveyor belt is essential may be lower than for particles with a smaller separation factor. This can do that cause particles with a smaller separation factor to achieve a longer flight distance. It there is therefore an optimal separation factor with regard to the throwing distance. A higher one or lower factor leads to shorter throw distances. It follows that a Separation according to the separation factor in the eddy current separator designs known to date not possible.
Aus der FR-A-2 668 719 ist ein Verfahren zur Steigerung der Trennschärfe von
Wirbelstromscheidern gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt. Dieses
Verfahren wird mit einer Vorrichtung durchgeführt, die die Merkmale des
Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 4 aufweist.FR-A-2 668 719 describes a method for increasing the selectivity of
Eddy current separators according to the preamble of
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht nun darin, Verfahren und Vorrichtung der letztgenannten Art weiter zu entwickeln, um eine optimale Abscheidung bzw. Trennung der verschiedenen Teilchen beim Wirbelstromscheiden sicherzustellen.The object of the invention is now the method and apparatus of the to further develop the latter type in order to achieve optimal separation or Ensure separation of the different particles during eddy current separation.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß, was das Verfahren anbelangt, durch die
Kennzeichnungsmerkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, und was die Vorrichtung
anbelangt, durch die Kennzeichnungsmerkmale des Anspruchs 4. This object is achieved, according to the method, by the
Characteristic features of
Dadurch wird der Einfluß der bisher beim Stande der Technik aufgetretenen Faktoren, die sich durch die drei folgenden Erscheinungen kennzeichnen lassen, nämlich die Änderung der Richtung der Induktionskraft auf der Flugbahn des Teilchens, die Änderung des Abwurfpunktes je nach Ausprägung des Trennfaktors und die exponentielle Abnahme der magnetischen Flußdichte in radialer Richtung der Magnettrommel, vollständig eliminiert.As a result, the influence of the factors previously encountered in the prior art, the can be characterized by the following three phenomena, namely the change in Direction of the induction force on the trajectory of the particle, the change in the Drop point depending on the form of the separation factor and the exponential decrease in the magnetic flux density in the radial direction of the magnetic drum, completely eliminated.
Da die Schwerkraft immer in vertikaler Richtung wirkt, sollte die Induktionskraft erfindungsgemäß horizontal wirken. Dies gilt vor allem in dem Bereich des Scheiders, in dem die Teilchen aus ihrer Schwerkraftbewegung ausgelenkt werden. Dieser Bereich ist gleichzeitig der Bereich der größten Krafteinwirkung. Die Kombination dieser verfahrenstechnischen Merkmale wird erfüllt, wenn der zu separierende bzw. fraktionierende Gutsstrom nicht horizotal sondern vertikal geführt wird, und das Magnetfeld sich horizontal unter dem Gutsstrom hindurchbewegt. In diesem Fall wirkt die Induktionskraft immer senkrecht zur Gewichtskraft, insbesondere bei Beginn der Auslenkung oder Ablenkung des Teilchens aus dem Gutsstrom.Since gravity always acts in the vertical direction, the induction force should act horizontally according to the invention. This is especially true in the area of the Scheider, in which the particles are deflected from their gravity movement. That area is at the same time the area of greatest force. The combination of these procedural characteristics are met if the to be separated or fractional Gutsstrom not horizontally but vertically, and the magnetic field moves horizontally under the estate stream. In this case the Induction force always perpendicular to the weight, especially at the beginning of the Deflection or deflection of the particle from the stream of material.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims characterized.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielshalber an Hand des in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert, das in Figur 1 ein Verfahrensschema zeigt.The invention is illustrated below by way of example with reference to that in the drawing illustrated embodiment, which shows a process diagram in Figure 1.
Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich, muß das Aufgabegut dem Scheider vereinzelt zugeführt werden,
um die gegenseitige störende Beeinflussung der Teilchen weitgehend zu verhindern. Der
Gutsstrom wird deshalb zur Vereinzelung über eine Vibrorinne 1 auf ein angetriebenes
Förderband 2 aufgegeben, das über die Umlenkrollen 8, 9 läuft. Am Ende der Förder- und
Vereinzelungsstrecke, also im Bereich der hinteren Umlenkrolle 8, wird dem aus den
Teilchen 7 bestehenden Gutsstrom eine vertikale Bewegung aufgeprägt. Dies wird durch
eine mit Förderbandgeschwindigkeit gegensinnig rotierende Trommel 3 erreicht, die mit
Abstand hinter der Umlenkrolle 8 angeordnet ist. Der Gutsstrom muß in diesem Fall den
ausreichend großen Spalt zwischen Förderband 2 bzw. Umlenkrolle 8 und Trommel 3
passieren und befindet sich dabei in freiem Fall. An Stelle der Trommel 3 lassen sich für den
genannten
Zweck auch vertikale, den Spalt begrenzende Platten benutzen. Die Spaltweite wird der
maximalen Teilchengröße angepaßt. Die Teilchengröße liegt ca. zwischen 3 mm und 40 mm.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the feed material must be fed to the separator individually,
to largely prevent the mutual interference of the particles. The
Gutsstrom is therefore driven by a vibrating
Wie bereits erläutert, bewegt sich das Magnetfeld in horizontaler Richtung. Dies wird bei dem
dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine in der Fallinie des Teilchens befindliche,
senkrecht unterhalb des Spaltes angeordnete rotierende Magnettrommel 4 erreicht. Das
Förderband 5 dient dazu, die durch das Magnetfeld angezogenen, magnetisierbaren Teilchen,
die aus Eisen bestehen oder zumindest Eisen enthalten, aus dem Feld zu transportieren, da sie
anderenfalls am Magnetrotor haften bleiben würden. Die innerhalb der Kopftrommel des
Förderbandes 5 angeordnete Magnettrommel 4 rotiert mit wesentlich höherer
Geschwindigkeit als die Kopftrommel. Teilchen mit höherer Leitfähigkeit κ werden stärker in
horizontaler Richtung beschleunigt. Gleichzeitig werden Teilchen mit geringerer Dichte ρ in
vertikaler Richtung langsamer beschleunigt, so daß die Teilchen mit dem größten Trennfaktor
κ/ρ als erste und am stärktsten aus der Fallinie in horizontaler Richtung ausgelenkt werden.
Seitlich der Fallinie, zwischen dem von der Trommel 3 und der Rolle 8 gebildeten Spalt und
der Magnettrommel 4, sind Trennbleche 6 angebracht, die wie eine Fraktioniereinrichtung
arbeiten und je nach Abstand und Anzahl die fallenden Teilchen auf die mit Abstand
übereinanderliegenden Trennbleche lenken, an deren Enden entsprechende, nicht dargestellte
Sammelcontainer angeordnet sein können.As already explained, the magnetic field moves in the horizontal direction. This will be the case with the
illustrated embodiment by a located in the fall line of the particle,
Rotating
Das bewegte Magnetfeld sollte möglichst nahe unterhalb des Förderbandes 2 angeordnet sein,
um die vertikale Geschwindigkeit der Teilchen gering zu halten und die Auslenkung durch die
Induktionskraft zu verstärken. Sowohl die Magnettrommel 4 mit ihrem Förderband 5 als auch
die Trennbleche 6 sind horizontal und vertikal verstellbar, so daß sich die Abstände an die
jeweiligen optimalen Bedingungen anpassen lassen.The moving magnetic field should be arranged as close as possible below the
Die obenbeschriebene Vorrichtung bewirkt gegenüber den herkömmlichen Bauarten eine signifikante Erhöhung der Trennschärfe, da die Sortierung nach den Stoffeigenschaften nicht durch die beschriebenen störenden Einflußfaktoren überlagert wird.The device described above has an effect over the conventional designs significant increase in selectivity since the sorting according to the material properties is not is overlaid by the disruptive influencing factors described.
Claims (6)
- Method of improving the precision of separation through eddy-current-separators by which separated parts or particles of different electric conductivity are separated from a product stream within a moving magnetic field created below the product stream which is turned by this effect into a vertical movement so that the product stream is moving in a free downfall, wherein the parts or particles having a higher electric conductivity K are accelerated more strongly in horizontal direction under the influence of the magnetic field and the parts or particles having a lower specific gravitiy p are accelerated more slowly in vertical direction so that those parts or particles having the greatest separation fator K/p are at first and most strongly deflected from the downfall line into the horizontal direction, so that the product stream will be fractionated, characterized in that the magnetic field below the product stream is moved in horizontal direction.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the horizontal acceleration of the particles because of the affecting magnetic field fractionating of the particles with respect to size, configuration and weight is caused.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of the product stream consisting of the separated particles is adapted to the maximum size of the particles.
- Apparatus for providing the method according to one of the proceeding claims, comprising a feeding way receiving the product stream to be treated and separating the particles of the product stream, which feeding way having at its end means forming a feeding gap through which the separated particles drop down vertically or almost vertically, and further comprising means providing an electric eddy-current below said gap, which eddy-current puts a force on the conducting particles moving them out of the magnetic field, characterized in that the width of the gap of the gap providing means (3, 8) is adapted to the size of the particles (7) and that the magnetic drum (4) is arranged horizontally with respect to the gap forming device and is vertically adjustable.
- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the frictionating device arranged between the device providing the magnetic field affecting the conducting particles (7) and the gap forming device (3, 8) is positioned laterally beside the downfall line of the particles (7) and is provided with separating plates (6) positioned adjacent to one another receiving the particles (7) deflected dependent on the separating factor K/p from the downfall movement.
- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the separating plates (6) are horizontally and vertically adjustable.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19649154 | 1996-11-27 | ||
| DE1996149154 DE19649154C1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Method of improving separating precision of fluidised bed separators |
| PCT/EP1997/006510 WO1998023378A2 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-11-21 | Method and device for increasing separation accuracy in an eddy current separators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0881952A2 EP0881952A2 (en) | 1998-12-09 |
| EP0881952B1 true EP0881952B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
Family
ID=7812935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97951936A Expired - Lifetime EP0881952B1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-11-21 | Method and device for increasing separation accuracy in an eddy current separators |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0881952B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19649154C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998023378A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6693443B2 (en) | 1999-04-02 | 2004-02-17 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Systems for detecting and measuring inclusions |
| DE19932480C1 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-06-07 | Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau | Separation plant and method for separating a fraction containing non-ferrous metals from an electrical scrap processing plant |
| EP1875967A4 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2010-04-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic separation cleaning apparatus and magnetic separation cleaning method |
| NL2001431C2 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-05 | Univ Delft Tech | Method for separating a waste stream. |
| PL2412452T3 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2013-10-31 | Adr Tech B V | Separation apparatus |
| NL2006306C2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | Inashco R & D B V | Eddy current seperation apparatus, separation module, separation method and method for adjusting an eddy current separation apparatus. |
| NL2013128B1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-09-09 | Goudsmit Magnetic Systems B V | Deflecting roller for a non-ferrous waste separator, as well as non-ferrous waste separator equipped with the deflecting roller. |
| CN106670103A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-17 | 华侨大学 | Sorting device and sorting method for separating granular materials from piece-type materials |
| CN112024119B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-05-05 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | A refuse treatment system for wisdom building |
| CN113186034B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-12-09 | 西南大学 | Method and equipment for extracting aromatic components from citrus peel residues and application of aromatic components |
| CN117943200B (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-06-07 | 山东上元再生资源有限公司 | Magnetic separation device for scrap steel recycling and cleaning |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2480624A1 (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-10-23 | Stephanois Rech Mec | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INDENTIONALLY SEPARATING PARTICLES FROM MATERIALS |
| DE3416504A1 (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Wagner Kg, Fabrik Elektromagnetischer Apparate, 8941 Heimertingen | Method and device for separating conglomerates of materials with different electrical conductivities |
| FR2668719A1 (en) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-07 | Juillet Hubert | System for separating non-ferrous metals |
| US5494172A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1996-02-27 | Miller Compressing Company | Magnetic pulley assembly |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 DE DE1996149154 patent/DE19649154C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-21 EP EP97951936A patent/EP0881952B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-21 WO PCT/EP1997/006510 patent/WO1998023378A2/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0881952A2 (en) | 1998-12-09 |
| DE19649154C1 (en) | 1998-03-26 |
| WO1998023378A3 (en) | 2001-05-03 |
| WO1998023378A2 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0898496B1 (en) | Device and process for separating particles with a rotary magnet system | |
| DE3872986T3 (en) | Process and apparatus for separating non-ferrous metal pieces. | |
| EP2812119B1 (en) | Method and device for separating nonmagnetic components from a mixture of scrap metal | |
| EP0881952B1 (en) | Method and device for increasing separation accuracy in an eddy current separators | |
| DE2405433A1 (en) | ARRANGEMENT FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC CONVEYING OF MATERIAL | |
| DE3407326C2 (en) | Method and device for separating electrically conductive non-ferrous metals | |
| DE2540372C3 (en) | Device for sorting out electrically conductive pieces of material from a mixture or mixture of different, non-ferromagnetic substances | |
| DE2653373A1 (en) | MAGNETIC MATERIAL SEPARATION DEVICE | |
| DE8002678U1 (en) | METAL SORTING DEVICE | |
| DE102009056717A1 (en) | Device and method for the separation of differently electrically conductive particles | |
| DE69006710T2 (en) | Magnetic separator for non-ferrous metal particles or pieces. | |
| EP0083445A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for sorting conducting non ferromagnetic mixtures | |
| CH627682A5 (en) | DEVICE FOR PROCESSING SHEETS BY MEANS OF MAGNETIC POWDER. | |
| EP0550867B1 (en) | Device for separating non-magnetisable metals from a mixture of solids | |
| DE2509638A1 (en) | SEPARATION PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION | |
| DE1964659C3 (en) | Method for orienting electrically conductive, preferably non-magnetic bodies | |
| DE19737161A1 (en) | Separation of shredded ferrous and nonferrous metals | |
| EP3488932A1 (en) | Separation of components of a mixture containing metal | |
| DE102022104606B3 (en) | POWDER SEPARATION PLANT AND PROCESS FOR SEPARATING THE FERROMAGNETIC FACTOR OF A POWDER FROM ITS NON-FERROMAGNETIC FACTOR | |
| EP0579966A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for separating non-magnetic metals from a mixture | |
| DE19634802A1 (en) | Device and method for particle separation with a rotating magnet system | |
| DE19629110C1 (en) | Magnetic field separation system for fine particle mixture | |
| DE2411266A1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEPARATING SUCCESSIVE INDIVIDUAL LENGTH SECTIONS FROM FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL | |
| DE2611264B2 (en) | Device for separating non-magnetic, but electrically conductive particles from a mixture or batch | |
| DE4238988C2 (en) | Device for separating metals from a mixture passed through a magnetic field |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980617 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): FR GB IT NL |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010213 |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): FR GB IT NL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020424 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20020424 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020424 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020424 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20020424 |
|
| EN | Fr: translation not filed | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030127 |