EP0866906B1 - Locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key - Google Patents

Abstract

Tumblers (10) run parallel to the broad side (8,9) of a key way (6) of a cylinder lock (1). The ends of the tumblers lock between a rotor (3) and a stator (4). Additional coding devices are provided on the rear of the tumblers remote from the key way. The coding devices cooperate with additional two-part locking members (20) which can be displaced at right angles to the lock axis and lock in the region of the shear line (32) between the rotor and the stator. Codings on the positioning face (29) on the rear (17) of the tumblers preferably consist of depressions (30,31) or cups or a combination of these and a plate (41) may be provided in a recess (40) on the rear of the tumbler for the codings.

Description

The invention relates to a locking device with a Cylinder lock and a flat key, the cylinder lock a rotor rotatable in a stator with a Key channel, and approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, and parallel to the broad sides of the key channel has arranged guides with tumblers, these tumblers are provided with drivers which are in the key channel protrude, and the flat key on the broad sides Has guideways, which in the key channel inserted key with the drivers of the tumblers are engaged, with at least part of the tumblers on the back facing away from the key channel a recess is arranged, which with an additional Locking element interacts.

Such a locking device with a cylinder lock and a flat key is from the American patent specification No. 3,035,433. In the rotor of a cylinder lock a key channel is arranged, which in Direction of the lock or rotor axis runs. This Key channel is used to hold a flat key. On the broad sides of the flat key are guideways Positioning of tumblers arranged in the cylinder lock. These tumblers are stored in guides in the castle, which are perpendicular to the lock axis and parallel run to the broad sides of the key channel. The Tumblers have drivers that enter the key channel protrude, or protrude in and in the Key channel inserted key in the guideways intervene on the key. At completely in the key channel inserted key, and provided the guideways have the correct positioning levels for the drivers, the tumblers are completely in the rotor of the Lock, and the rotor can be rotated in the stator. The The lock also has an additional locking element. This is between the back of the tumblers and the stator arranged and consists of a locking rail, which is parallel runs to the lock axis and over-all tumblers extends. This locking rail is pushed outwards by springs pressed into a groove with run-up surfaces in the stator. she will displaced from the slot in the stator by turning the rotor and pushed against the back of the tumblers. So this Moving is possible on the one facing away from the key channel A groove is incorporated into the back of the tumblers, which runs parallel to the locking rail. The depth this groove corresponds at least to the displacement path of the Locking rail when turning the rotor. Otherwise, the The rotor cannot be turned and the lock cannot be opened.

Locking rails of this known type form an additional one Element that prevents the rotor from rotating in the stator backs up. However, they do not provide additional security against unauthorized manipulation, for example the so-called Picking at the lock, as the tumblers are independent of the Barrier rail can be brought into the opening positions. During the positioning process of the tumblers no interaction between the tumblers and the locking rail. Cooperation only occurs when the rotor is in the Stator can be rotated, i.e. if the tumblers are correct are positioned. As soon as the tumblers are in the correct Opening position are, but is also the displacement released for the locking rail, since the groove is also located in the correct position on the back of the tumbler.

The invention is based on the object of a locking device the known way to improve in such a way that the correct opening position of the tumblers is encrypted, the additional encryption, or coding for each tumbler individually possible, and for each tumbler has its own additional locking element should be, and in the same lock also tumblers without this additional encryption or lock arranged could be. In addition, the additional blocking element should the respective tumbler with the key removed in the Hold locked position and even an additional lock cause between rotor and stator, as well as the utilization of Allow limit dimensions of the tumblers.

This object is achieved in the characterizing part of the claim 1 given teaching solved. Advantageous further training the invention result from the features of dependent claims.

The arrangement of an additional two-part locking element for at least part of the tumblers, and for each of the Affected tumblers gives the advantage that each additional Locking element its own, precisely definable Opening position can be assigned. By the two-part It is also possible to design any additional Assign locking element a shear surface, which between the two locking element parts is formed and with the Shear surface interacts between the rotor and stator. Each the additional locking elements are always in contact with the back of the tumblers, on which several additional Codings for locking and opening positions of the additional locking elements are formed. This training of several different codes on the back The tumbler has the advantage that the opening position of the lock by two codes, namely on the one hand the one on the key and on the other hand the one on the back of the tumblers. Another The advantage is that tumblers are also used which can only be used in the border area, i.e. in the extreme Positions in which the stator engages, for the rest Shifting ranges of the tumblers but a rotation of the Would allow rotors. Prevented in this sliding areas but the additional locking element is turning the rotor, as long as the correct coding on the back the tumbler interacts with the additional locking element.

By designing the coding on the positioning surface on the back of the tumblers in the form of depressions or crests, or a combination of depressions and crests, can be a large number of locking combinations produce. The crests or the boundary areas between two adjacent depressions result in Locking element part tilting edges, which only one positioning enable the guard locking in the case of forced guidance. At the Attempt to free the tumblers into an open position move, presses the end of the Locking the guard locking always in a locked position. As a result, the locking element is not in the Opening position. This process is due to the tipping edges and the spring load acting in the direction of the tumblers the blocking elements. In another combination with levels Areas that are approximately parallel to the longitudinal axes of the tumblers run, there are further coding advantages.

By arranging a recess in the back of the Guard locking and inserting a plate are advantageous two-part tumblers. The plate includes the positioning surface for the additional locking element, wherein this positioning surface with the desired coding is provided. Identically shaped tumblers with the same dimensions can be equipped with different plates be, whereby the desired additional combination variants of closures. The plates are in known way by a press fit, by gluing or Similar connection methods connected to the tumblers. The plates can also be standardized, by placing a number of Holes with the same diameter are machined. This Holes have counterbores with the same in the exit area or different dimensions; and into the holes are additional pens with headboards as required used. The headboards form elevations and / or flat surfaces.

These diverse new combinations of the inventive Tumblers and additional locking elements with the two independent coding options a significant increase in the possible lock combinations. Unauthorized interventions in the lock or the opening of the Lock without the right key, are considerably more difficult if not impossible. The compulsory Intervention of the additional blocking elements in the codes on the back of the tumblers fixes them in the position into which you withdraw the key from the Castle were brought. The lock can be used in any Installation positions can be used without the risk there is that the tumblers are unwanted positions take within the guides. Also through vibrations they cannot be moved out of the locked positions. Furthermore, it is also possible to use only part of the one Lock existing tumblers with additional locking elements to combine, which still leads to an increase in Lock security and operational security leads.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch ein Zylinderschloss und den zugehörigen Flachschlüssel in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch ein Zylinderschloss gemäss Fig. 1, und zwar rechtwinklig zur Längsachse, und durch eine Zuhaltungsebene,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen zweiteiligen Zuhaltung mit Kuppen und Vertiefungen in der Positionierfläche, und

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt durch eine Zuhaltungsebene eines Zylinderschlosses, wobei die Zuhaltungen eingesetzte Platten mit Bohrungsreihen aufweisen.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through a cylinder lock and the associated flat key in side view,

Fig. 2

2 shows a cross section through a cylinder lock according to FIG. 1, at right angles to the longitudinal axis, and through a tumbler plane,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of an inventive two-part tumbler with crests and depressions in the positioning surface, and

Fig. 4

a cross section through a tumbler plane of a cylinder lock, the tumblers have inserted plates with rows of holes.

The locking device shown in Fig. 1 consists of a cylinder lock 1 and a flat key 2, shown in Example of a flat reversible key. The cylinder lock 1 is shown in simplified form and comprises one Rotor 3, which is rotatable in a stator 4 and a sleeve 5, which surrounds the entire cylinder lock 1 as a jacket. In the rotor 3 there is a key channel 6 with a rectangular one Cross section incorporated. In this key channel 6 is the key bit 19 of the key 2 can be inserted. In the Broad sides 13, 14 of the flat reversible key 2 are guideways 15, 16 milled in the form of grooves, which the positioning of the locking elements in the cylinder lock 1 to serve. Since key 2 is a reversible key is located on the invisible broadside 14 the groove 15 below and the groove 16 above. With regard to the The central axis 33 of the key 2 is thus of the same shape Grooves 15 or 16 on the two broad sides 13, 14 diagonally opposite. In the rotor 3 are in the example shown on each broadside 8, 9 of the key channel 6 five Tumblers 10 arranged so that there are ten locking elements surrender. These tumblers 10 are in guides 11 of the rotor 3 mounted and transversely to the longitudinal axis 7 of the lock 1 slidable. At the rear end 18 of the rotor 3 are not shown but known elements available, which with also not shown elements, for example a door lock, interact.

2 shows the arrangement of the tumblers 10 in the cylinder lock 1 shown. The tumblers 10 are in guides 11 inserted in the rotor 3. In that position of the rotor 3, in which the key 2 is withdrawn from the key channel 6 can act, the guides 11 with holes 34, 35 together in the stator 4, and one end of the tumblers 10 engages in these holes 34 and 35 respectively. In the case of FIG. 2 the position of the tumbler shown in the left half of the lock 10 in the rotor 3 and stator 4, the lock 1 is locked, i.e. the rotor 3 can be in relation to the stator 4 not be rotated. The is in this position Guard locking 10 with key 2 removed, which is why in the left Part of the key channel 6 also no key shown is. To actuate the tumblers 10 are drivers on this 12 arranged which protrude into the key channel 6. If the key bit 19 shown in Fig. 1 in the Key channel 6 inserted, the driver 12 engage the groove 16 and a corresponding groove 15 on the back one, and the tumblers 10 are in accordance with the contour the grooves 15, 16 moves. If the grooves 15, 16 are coded correctly are when the connector is fully inserted Key 2 every ten tumblers 10 in the open position, i.e. completely inside the rotor 3. This position the tumbler 10 is in the right half of FIG. 2 shown, which also shows the key 2. The rotor 3 could thus be rotated in the stator 4 if only the tumblers 10 would be present as locking elements.

Between the tumblers 10 and the stator 4 are in the inventive design of the lock 1 additional Locking elements 20 arranged. These locking elements 20 are two parts and consist of a first part 21, which in a bore 24 is mounted in the stator 4, and a second Part 22, which is mounted in a bore 25 in the rotor 3 is. In the illustrated locked position of the lock 1, or in the position of the rotor 3 in the stator 4, in which the key 2 can be removed, the axes 26 fall and 27 of the two holes 24 and 25 together. In this Position, the two holes 24 and 25 form a common one Guide bore in which the blocking element parts 21 and 22 pushed back and forth between stator 4 and rotor 3 can be. The first locking element part 21 is cup-shaped formed and is by a compression spring 36 in the direction of Tumbler 10 pushed. The second locking element part 22 has a shoulder 37 which is connected to the shoulder of the stepped bore 25 cooperates. Between the two locking element parts 21 and 22, a separation surface 23 is formed, along which the two parts 21 and 22 slidable against each other are. That directed against the longitudinal axis 7 of the lock 1 stepped end 28 of the second locking element part 22 is located on the back 17 of the tumblers 10. As back 17 the tumblers 10 becomes that side of the tumblers 10 denotes which is turned away from the key channel 6 is. This rear side 17 has a positioning surface 29 equipped in which codings in the form of depressions 30, 31 are incorporated. The end 28 is corresponding the flank shapes of the depressions 30, 31 shaped and runs out in a peak in the example shown. Become the tumblers 10 in the direction of their longitudinal axes 38, or moved parallel to the broad sides 8, 9 of the key channel 6, the end 28 of the second locking element part snaps 22 each in the recesses 30, 31. The outermost Indentation 31 in the positioning surface 29 of the tumbler 10 is particularly deeply trained. It holds the guard locking 10 after the removal of the key 2 from the lock 1 in the Locked position in which one end of the tumbler 10 in the Bore 34 of the stator 4 engages. Additionally also locks still the locking element 20 in the bore 24, since the first Locking element part 21 over the shear line 32 between rotor 4 and stator 3 is shifted out. The in Fig. 2 in the The tumbler 10 shown on the right half is in the opening position shown, i.e. it does not intervene with either Ends in the bore 35 on the stator 4. The tumbler 10 is held in this position by the key 2 by the driver 12 is held and positioned by the guideway 16 becomes. The end 28 of the second locking element part 22 lies on an edge 39 between two depressions 30 which acts as a tipping edge. The interface 23 between the two locking element parts 21 and 22 lie on the Shear line 32 between rotor 3 and stator 4. If all Locking elements 20 of the lock 1 are in this position and no tumbler 10 in a bore 34, 35 of the stator 4th engages, the rotor 3 can be rotated. Try that Guard locking 10 with external funds and without the right key 2 to position and close in this opening position hold fail because the end 28 of the locking element part 22 immediately into one of the two depressions on either side of the Tilting edge 39 engages and the tumbler 10 in a locked position shifts. In the locked position, there is another end the tumbler 10 into the bore 35 on the stator 4. In addition the two locking element parts 21, 22 also move against the tumbler 10, whereby the interface 23 does not more coincides with the shear line 32, and the first Locking element 21 blocks the rotor 3.

The tumblers 10 in Fig. 2 are formed in two parts. On a recess 40 is arranged in the back 17, into which a plate 41 is inserted. The connection between Plate 41 and tumbler 10 is a press fit, a Adhesive connection or another known, suitable connection technology causes. 2 is the Plate 41 integrally connected to the driver 12 and as The whole in the corresponding recess 40 of the tumblers 10 pressed in. This embodiment has the advantage that the Tumblers 10 prefabricated in the desired standard dimensions can be. The design of the desired coding on the back 17 of the tumbler 10 takes place through assembly with an appropriately trained plate 41. It is also possible at the same time, the diameter to vary the driver 12. Another advantage is there in that the tumblers 10 themselves, as is known, e.g. out Non-ferrous metal can be produced for the plate 41 the driver 12, however, a hard material or hardened Steel can be used. This increases the wear resistance and life of the lock 1 significantly.

3 shows a two-part tumbler 10 in an enlarged, perspective view. In reality, the tumblers are 10 only a few millimeters long. The plate 41, which in the recess 40 is inserted, faces the positioning surface 29 recesses 30 and 31 and crests 42 on, the latter projecting over surface 29. Between Wells 30, 31 and / or the crests 42 are also flat Surfaces 43, 44 are present, which are approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 38 of the tumbler 10 run. The right opening position for the additional locking element 20 can on a Tip 42, in a recess 30, 31, on a flat surface 43, 44, or in an intermediate position, e.g. at a sloping flank can be predetermined or coded. This multitude of additional coding options for the additional Locking elements 20 increase the locking variants for suitably trained lock 1 quite considerably. It is also obvious that an unauthorized opening of the lock, e.g. through picking, is practically impossible because the correct position of the additional locking elements 20 and the correct position of the tumblers 10 is superimposed on one another, and the opening combinations cannot be determined are. The additional locking elements 20 block in the Locking position the rotor 3 effectively and without play against rotary movements in the stator 4. This also enables the Use of tumblers 10, which only in the locked position engage minimally in the bores 34, 35 in the stator 4, i.e. Have limit dimensions. Since the locking elements 20 are effective lock, ends of the tumblers 10 with limit dimensions not deformed even when force is exerted on the rotor 3 or be damaged.

In the cross section shown in Fig. 4 by a Lock 1 tumblers 10 'and 10 "are shown, which with a further embodiment of the plate 41 are. Here are in the positioning surface 29 on the plate 41 incorporated a number of holes 45 which the Codings for the end 28 of the second locking element part 22 form. In addition, the holes 45 are countersunk 46 provided. On the right side of Fig. 4 is an additional one Modification of this plate 41 with holes 45 shown, at least in a part of the bores 45 Pins 47 with headers 48 are inserted. These headboards form crests with tipping edges, but can also have end faces exhibit. This type of execution enables the adaptation or change the codes on the back 17 of the Tumblers 10 'or 10 "in a particularly simple manner because the desired tumblers from prefabricated individual parts and can be put together as needed. From the left Half of Fig. 4 can also be seen that the driver 12 used as a separate part in the tumbler 10 ' can be. Otherwise, this is shown in FIG. 4 Lock 1 with the key 2 all properties like they have already been described for FIG. 2.

Both in the embodiment of the lock according to FIG. 2, 4, in addition to the tumblers shown 10, 10 'or 10 "tumblers with different designs Positioning surfaces 29, or codes for additional locking element 20 may be used. In the castle according to 4 can, for example, one or more tumblers 3 may be used. Surrender in any case the advantages that the opening positions of the tumblers 10, 10 'or 10 "are additionally encrypted, and the additional coding for each tumbler 10, 10 'or 10 "is done individually and can be changed individually. Each additionally coded tumbler 10, 10 'or 10 "has its own additional locking element 20. This locking element 20 holds the tumbler 10, 10 'or 10 "when the Key 2 in the locked position and locks the rotor 3 in turn itself additionally against rotational movements in the stator. The installation of a lock 1 designed according to the invention is possible in any position because the tumblers 10, 10 'or 10 "positioned by the locking elements 20 in the end positions and held and automatically no unwanted positions along the guides 11 in the rotor 3 or in the stator 4 can take. The additional locking elements 20 can lock between rotor 3 and stator 4 positive or negative. The separating surface 23 is located between the first part 21 and the second part 22 of the locking element 20 in the area of the stator 4, and thus outside the circle of the shear line 32, the blocking is called positive. Here the second part 22 of the blocking element 20 projects into the stator 4. If the blocking is negative, the first part 21 projects into the rotor 3, and the separation surface 23 is within the Circle of the shear line 32 between the rotor 3 and stator 4th

At the tumbler 10 "in the right half of Fig. 4 is presented another advantage of the invention. At Locking systems with many different locks and keys must sometimes use 10 "tumblers whose end part 49 is too short to be in the end position to be able to intervene in the stator 4. Such tumblers 10 "cannot lock when the key is removed take. By means of the two-part locking element 20 however, this locking function is achieved again. When pulling the Key 2 from the lock 1 is the tumbler 10 "last all the way down, and the second locking element part 22 engages in the outermost recess 50. Thereby the first locking element part 21 moves over the Shear line 32 inwards, and the rotor 3 is against displacement locked in stator 4. It will be a significant one Improved lock security. Another The advantage is that in locking systems with one larger number of differently coded locks individual locks selectively with additional coding can be equipped via the locking elements 20. This also enables when using 10 "tumbler with short Endteile 49 an additional extension of the locking combinations and thus an improvement in security.

Claims (7)

1. Locking device with a cylinder lock (1) and a flat key (2), wherein the cylinder lock (1) comprises a rotor (3), which can rotate in a stator (4) and has a key channel (6), and guides (11), which are disposed approximately at a right angle to the longitudinal axis (7) of the rotor (3) and parallel to the broad sides (8, 9) of the key channel (6) and have tumblers (10), these tumblers (10) are provided with catches (12), which project into the key channel (6), the flat key (2) comprises guideways (15, 16) at the broad sides (13, 14), which guideways are engaged with the catches (12) of the tumblers (10) when the key (2) is inserted in the key channel (6), and a depression is disposed at the rear side (17), which is remote from the key channel (6), of at least some of the tumblers (10), which depression cooperates with an additional locking element, characterised in that there is a respective additional two-part locking element (20) per tumbler (10) for at least some of the tumblers (10), this two-part locking element (20) is disposed between the rear side (17) of the tumblers (10) and the stator (4), and there is a separating surface (23) between the two parts (21, 22) of the locking element (20), a first part (21) of each locking element (20) is mounted in a displaceable manner in a hole (24) in the stator (4), and a second part (22) is mounted in a displaceable manner in a hole (25) in the rotor (3), wherein the axes (26, 27) of these two holes (24, 25) coincide when the lock (1) is in the locked position, the second part (22) of each locking element (20) bears with the end (28) which is directed at the longitudinal axis (7) of the rotor (3) against the rear side (17) of the associated tumbler (10), a positioning surface (29) with a plurality of additional codings (30, 31, 42) for locked and open positions of the additional locking elements (20) is disposed at the rear side (17) of each tumbler (10), and the separating surface (23) between the first and the second part (21, 22) of each locking element (20) coincides with the shear line (32) between the rotor (3) and the stator (4) when the end (28) of the second part (22) of the locking element (20) is correctly positioned in the codings (30, 31, 42) at the rear side (17) of the tumblers (10) associated in each case.
2. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 1, characterised in that the codings in the positioning surface (29) at the rear side (17) of the tumblers (10) consist of depressions (30, 31) or of crests (42) or of a combination of depressions (30, 31) and crests (42).
3. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a recess (40) is disposed at the rear side (17) of the tumbler (10), a plate (41) is placed in this recess (40), and this plate (41) comprises the positioning surface (29) with the codings (30, 31, 42).
4. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that plane surfaces (43, 44) are disposed between the codings (30, 31, 42) at the positioning surface (29) of the tumblers (10), and these surfaces (43, 44) extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (38) of the tumbler (10).
5. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, between two codings formed from depressions (30, 31) at the positioning surface (29) of a tumbler (10), the adjacent walls of the two depressions (30, 31) are constructed such that their line of intersection forms a tilting edge (39) for the end (28) of the second part (22) of the locking element (20).
6. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a plurality of holes (45) are disposed in the positioning surface (29) at the tumbler (10, 10', 10"), and these holes (45) form the codings for the second part (22) of the additional locking element (20).
7. Locking device with a cylinder lock according to claim 6, characterised in that pins (47) with head parts (48) are inserted in one or more of the holes (45) in the positioning surface (29), wherein the head parts (48) of the pins (47) form crests and/or plane surfaces at the positioning surface (29).

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