EP0783250B2

EP0783250B2 - Flexible ice-cream coating compositions

Info

Publication number: EP0783250B2
Application number: EP95934103A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Frederick William Cain; Helga Manson; Jeroen Van Straalen
Original assignee: Loders Croklaan BV
Current assignee: Loders Croklaan BV
Priority date: 1994-09-30
Filing date: 1995-09-22
Publication date: 2003-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2015-09-22
Also published as: WO1996010338A3; DE69513413T2; CA2199828C; DE69513413T3; WO1996010338A2; AU3652395A; JP3614437B2; KR100364580B1; DE69513413D1; DK0783250T3; US5858427A; JPH10506285A; DK0783250T4; KR970705930A; EP0783250B1; EP0783250A1; DK0783250T5; CA2199828A1; ZA958238B

Abstract

Flexible ice-cream coating compositions are obtained by using as fat for the fatphase a triglyceride-composition, comprising: < 8 wt.% of SSS; 25 - 80 wt.% of SUS; 2 - 40 wt.% of SU2; > 5 wt.% of U3; S = saturated fatty acid C16-C24; U = unsaturated fatty acid C18+.

Description

Conventional ice-cream coatings are based on lauric fats. Preferred lauric fats applied for this purpose are coconut oil and palm kernel oil or fractions thereof. However, such fats have drawbacks when applied in ice-cream coatings. Apart from the fact that the SAFA-level, ie. the total of saturated fatty acids and trans-unsaturated fatty acids is very high (90-100%), it was also found that the use of these fats in ice-cream coatings led to products that were brittle. Therefore these products are difficult to process and must be handled with care upon transportation, for else the coatings will crack.
A solution for this problem was found in the development of so called "flexible ice-cream coatings". An example of a flexible ice-cream fat composition is disclosed in EP 502,697. According to this disclosure the composition should contain a fat phase that comprises 10-85 wt% of S₂U-triglycerides and 15 - 90 wt% of SU₂-triglycerides, while at least 35 wt% S₂U consists of S₂Ln (Ln = C_18:2). According to the specification fats, wherein the S₂Ln mainly consists of SSLn are useful for frozen desserts. In the examples 16, 17 and 18 different applications of these fats are illustrated; ie. in ice-cream-in-sugar corn cups; as cub-like chocolates in ice-cream and as ice-cream bars, containing a chocolate centre. Also the application of these fats in ice-cream coatings or as coating of an ice-cream cone is mentioned in the text. It is further disclosed that the presence of liquid fats would be useful for oral mouth feel, but is disadvantageous for the cooling properties. We found novel fat compositions, that combine good flexibility with good drying times and still contain appreciable amounts of liquid oil. Moreover, the use of fats high in SSLn means that no natural fats can be applied, as no natural fat is known that is high in SSLn. Therefore these fats must by synthesized.
We have studied, whether we could find fats, that when applied in ice-cream coating compositions would display at least a similar flexibility as the above known fats, however the fats should be derivable from natural fats.
Moreover the fats should, when applied in ice-cream coating compositions lead to compositions with a viscosity at the temperature of its use, which enables it to spray them on the inside of a (ice-cream) cone, without sticking to the top of the cone and/or without running through the cone and collecting as a liquid mass at the bottom of the cone.
For this purpose so far partially hardened rapeseed oil was often used. This fat however is rich in trans fatty acids and is therefore considered as unhealthy.

Therefore our invention concerns flexible ice-cream coating composition, comprising at least a sugar and a triglyceride-composition, wherein the triglyceride composition comprises:

< 8 wt%,	preferably < 5wt%, most preferably < 2wt% of SSS;
25 - 80 wt%,	preferably 35 - 75 wt% of SUS;
2 - 40 wt%,	preferably 5 - 20 wt% of SU₂;
> 5 wt%,	preferably > 10 wt%, most preferably 15 - 45 wt% of U₃, wherein U comprises C_18:1 and C_18:2, while the weight-ratio SOS : SLnS (O = C_18:1; Ln = C_18:2) in the triglyceride part is more than 3.0, preferably more than 6.0 and the stOst-content of the SUS-component is at least 20 wt% and wherein

S and U are fatty acid residues in the triglycerides,
S being saturated fatty add with C₁₆ - C₂₄
U being unsaturated fatty acid with ≥ 18 C-atoms.
St being stearic acid
O being C_18:1 fatty acid
Although S can be a saturated fatty acid with 16-24 C-atoms, we prefer S to have 16 - 18 atoms. The most preferred are the fats that have a C_16:0 : C_18:0 weight ratio of 0.4 to 9.0, preferably 0.8 to 3.0. In particular the fats having . an StOSt-content of the SUS-component of at least 25 wt%, most preferably 30-50 wt% are applied.
U in above definition can be any mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acid with at least 18 C-atoms. This thus includes both cis and trans unsaturated fatty adds. However we prefer to use the cis-isomers, as those are considered to be healthier than the trans isomers.
Very suitable ice-cream coatings are obtained, when the triglycerides-part of the composition displays a solid fat index (NMR-pulse: not stabilized) at the temperature indicated of:
N₀ > 35, preferably 40 - 80
N₂₀ > 5, preferably > 10; most preferably 15 - 60
N₂₅ = 0 - 35, preferably 2 - 20
Another advantage of our invention is, that it enables us to apply fats with high contents of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore we prefer to use fat compositions that have a content of cis-unsaturated fatty acids of more than 20 wt%, preferably more than 30 wt%, in particular 50 - 80 wt%.
Our triglyceride-compositions can be made by synthetic routes e.g. by chemical or enzymic (inter) esterification of appropriate starting materials. Examples thereof being : glycerol, monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides, which can be converted with the appropriate fatty acids, fatty acid esters, anhydrides or other triglycerides.
However, a far more convenient route for the preparation is by using natural fats or fractions thereof. Therefore we prefer flexible ice-cream coating compositions wherein the triglyceride-part is a blend of natural fats A and B or fractions thereof, wherein fat A has a SUS-level of more than 35 wt%, preferably more than 70 wt%, while fat B is a liquid fat with an N₂₀ < 5, that contains preferably more than 30 wt% of (U₂S + U₃) - triglycerides, while the ratio of U₃ : U₂S is > 1.0. In above compositions the weight ratio for fats A and B suitably ranges from 80 : 20 to 40 : 60.
Although a wide range of fats A and B can be applied, we prefer to use a fat A that is derived from shea, illipe, cocoa butter or fractions thereof while fat B preferably is selected from the group, consisting of sunflower-oil, high oleic sunflower oil, maize oil, soybean oil, olive oil, safflower oil, canola oils.
Part of our invention are also flexible ice-cream coating compositions, that comprise :
25 - 60 wt% of a sugar
20 - 70 wt% of the triglyceride-composition as defined above
0 - 30 wt% of at least one of the components from the group consisting of : cocoa powder, milk protein, lactose, emulsifier, one or more flavours, such as: strawberry, lemon, raspberry, yoghurt, etc.
The coated ice-creams, which are obtained after coating the ice-cream with the fats described above, e.g. by dipping are also part of the invention.
Further ice-creams in a cone, wherein the cone is coated with the compositions according to the invention are also part of the invention.

Examples

1.1. The following recipe was applied :

wt%

sugar 42.7

fat 38.1

cocoa powder N/11/N 12.5

skim milk powder 6.2

lecithin 0.5

The following fats were applied:

A: coconut oil (= reference)
B: cocoa butter (= reference)
C: a mixture of cocoa butter equivalent and liquid oil (45 : 55).
The triglyceride-compositions of fat C was :

SSS SUS SU₂ U₃

wt% 0.9 41 15 43

Its C_16:0 / C_18:0 weight-ratio was: 1.1
1.2. The coatings were made by mixing the ingredients, refining the blend on a 3-roll refiner and couching. The compositions were kept at about 40°C and ice-creams were dipped into the compositions.

1.3. Dripping time, drying time, weight % coating on product and flexibility of the coating were evaluated. The results are given below

Coating fat	Coat T °C	Flexibility	Drip time (sec)	dry-time (sec)	weight %
A	40	2 - 3	16	42	21
B	40	3	20	119	30
C	40	4-5	21	198	31
Flexibility is given on a scale 0 - 5
1 = not flexible
5 = very flexible

1.4. From above results it can be concluded that our new compositions, based on fat C provide the best flexible coatings. Drip-times are about similar. The weight % coating on product is similar, except for fat A, where it is low. Dry-times are longer for fat C and shortest for fat A.

Example 2

3.1 Coating compositions were made, using the following recipe:

wt%

Fat 44.8

Sugar 42.6

Cocoa powder N11N 12.0

Lecithin 0.5
The following fats were applied

Fat H =: partially hardened rapeseed oil, m.pt. 32 °C.
Fat I =: coconut oil
Fat J =: 80% cocoa butter eq / 20% sunflower oil
Fat K =: 80% coconut oil topfraction / 20% sunflower oil
Fat L =: high oleic sunflower oil

3.2 The compositions were sprayed into standard sleeved Cornetto cones, using a De Vilbiss - air atomising gun. The temperatures of spraying varied with the fat and were inside the range of 28 - 40 °C, so that the viscosity of the compositions were similar. The weight-increase of the cones varied from 0.1 - 0.3 g. in all cases.
3.3 Ice-cream was dosed into the sprayed cones. Cardboard lids were placed in the sleeves and the products were cooled to -20 °C during 24 hrs. The products were store at -10 °C.
3.4 The different products were evaluated on its crispness by tactile and oral assessment. The keepability is taken as the day in which the avarage crispness score of five cones has decreased to "Borderline / Unacceptable". The results were as follows:

Fat Keepability (days at -10 °C)

H 32

1 24

J 30

K 24

L 10
So our fat J led to results comparable with the commercial fat H (being high in trans) and far better than other (non-trans) fats.

Claims

Flexible ice-cream coating composition, comprising at least a sugar and a triglyceride-composition, wherein the triglyceride composition comprises: < 8 wt%, preferably < 5wt%, most preferably < 2wt% of SSS; 25 - 80 wt%, preferably 35 - 75 wt% of SUS; 2 - 40 wt%, preferably 5 - 20 wt% of SU₂; > 5 wt%, preferably > 10 wt%, most preferably 15 - 45 wt% of U₃,
wherein U comprises C_18:1 and C_18:2, while the weight-ratio SOS : SLnS (O = C_18:1; Ln = C_18:2) in the
triglyceride part is more than 3.0, preferably more than 6.0 and the StOst-content of the SUS-component is at least 20%, preferably 30-50 wt% and
wherein

S and U are fatty acid residues in the triglycerides,

S being saturated fatty acid with C₁₆ - C₂₄

U being unsaturated fatty acid with ≥ 18 C-atoms.

St being stearic acid

O being C_18:1 fatty acid
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claim 1, wherein S = saturated fatty acid with 16 - 18 C-atoms, while the ratio C_16:0 : C_18:0 in the triglyceride part of the composition ranges from 0.4 to 9.0.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claims 1 - 2, wherein the triglyceride part displays a solid fat index (NMR-pulse: not stabilized) at the temperature indicated of: N₀ > 35, preferably 40 - 80 N₂₀ > 5, preferably 15 - 60 N₂₅ = 0 - 35, preferably 2 - 20
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claims 1 - 3, wherein the fatphase of the composition has a content of cis-unsaturated fatty acids of more than 20 wt%, preferably more than 30 wt%, in particular 50 - 80 wt%.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claims 1 - 4, wherein the triglyceride-part is a blend of natural fats A and B or fractions thereof, wherein fat A has a SUS-level of more than 35 wt%, preferably more than 70 wt%, while fat B is a liquid fat with an N₂₀ < 5, that contains preferably more than 30 wt% of (U₂S + U₃) - triglycerides, preferably having a weight-ratio U₃ : U₂S of more than 1.0.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claim 5, wherein the weight-ratio for fats A and B (so A : B) ranges from 80 : 20 to 40 : 60.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claims 5 - 6, wherein fat A is derived from palm oil, shea, illipe, cocoa butter or fractions thereof and fat B is selected from the group consisting of sunflower oil, maize oil, soybean oil, olive oil, safflower oil, high oleic sunflower and canola oils.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claim 5 - 7, wherein fat A is a natural fat or fraction thereof with a C_16:0 - content of more than 15 wt%, preferably 25 - 75 wt%.
Flexible ice-cream coating composition according to claims 1 - 8, comprising :

25 - 60 wt% of a sugar

20 - 70 wt% of the triglyceride-composition as defined in claim 1

0 - 30 wt% of at least one of the components from the group consisting of : cocoa powder, milk protein, lactose, emulsifier and one or more flavours.
Coated ice-cream, wherein the ice-cream is coated with the composition according to claims 1 - 9.
Ice-creams in a coated cone, wherein the cone is coated with the composition according to claims 1 - 9.