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EP0751721B1 - Protective helmet - Google Patents

Protective helmet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0751721B1
EP0751721B1 EP95928854A EP95928854A EP0751721B1 EP 0751721 B1 EP0751721 B1 EP 0751721B1 EP 95928854 A EP95928854 A EP 95928854A EP 95928854 A EP95928854 A EP 95928854A EP 0751721 B1 EP0751721 B1 EP 0751721B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmet
accordance
protective helmet
lining
padding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95928854A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0751721A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Huber
Andreas Hassler
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HASSLER, ANDREAS
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0751721A1 publication Critical patent/EP0751721A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0751721B1 publication Critical patent/EP0751721B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42HEADWEAR
    • A42BHATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10Linings
    • A42B3/12Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/121Cushioning devices with at least one layer or pad containing a fluid
    • A42B3/122Cushioning devices with at least one layer or pad containing a fluid inflatable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42HEADWEAR
    • A42BHATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/28Ventilating arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective helmet, in particular for Motorcyclists or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Protective helmets of the type mentioned come in many, some very different areas and are used in both In the field of occupational safety as well as in the leisure and sports sector as protective headgear.
  • the essential Components of a protective helmet namely the one usually Outer shell trained outer shell and lining, independently special, complementary functions.
  • the Outer shell is usually relatively rigid and serves as outer protective covering of the lining as well as possible uniform, flat initiation of impact impacts in the Lining.
  • the lining itself essentially serves as a receptacle and to reduce impact energy before it hits the head of the helmet wearer reached.
  • the Shell lining usually relatively flexible and elastic as well dampened
  • the Outer shell and the shell lining of one Have a hard hat is for those with a hard hat achievable protective effect of the seat of the helmet crucial on the head of the helmet wearer.
  • the best The protective effect is as close as possible Seat of the protective helmet or lining achieved.
  • This tight fit of the protective helmet stands in a direct line with the known protective helmets Contrast to comfort.
  • a tight fit is often only due to an appropriate fit tight tightening of a helmet chin strap possible. This will then in many areas a close contact between the shell lining and the head of the helmet wearer.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object based on a protective helmet with a lining create the so far incompatible Features a tight fit Seat as well as a high wearing comfort.
  • the protective helmet according to the invention is lined provided, at least in some areas an evacuable one, divided into individual segments Has cushion that with elastic fillers is filled.
  • the pillow When the pillow is ventilated, it is elastic Packing can be easily moved against each other and thus enable the formation of a very soft, in the form of easily changeable pillow. It is therefore special in this state of the pillow easily possible a hard hat that comes with such a Pillow lining is provided over the head to put on or remove from this. This fits the pillow or the pillow filling of the individual Skull geometry of the helmet wearer particularly good and therefore lies with the cushion surface on the entire area of the skull covered by the pillow essentially evenly.
  • the protective helmet according to the invention offers more also completely new possibilities in the Hard hat assembly because of the light Adaptability of the helmet lining of several clothing sizes covered with one and the same lining can be.
  • the pillow segments form individually or in a vacuum-tight combination with each other pillow units, each an evacuation device exhibit.
  • beneficial Design allows an almost arbitrarily fine Division of the lining into individual evacuation zones, which then turns out to be advantageous can, if a helmet shell used as an outer shell is formed in several parts. Here you can then individual evacuation zones, the individual shell components be assigned.
  • the evacuation device with one on the Outer shell arranged valve and an associated, arranged on the outside of the outer shell, provided as a suction bellows vacuum pump.
  • This configuration enables the helmet wearer in a particularly advantageous manner at any time the evacuation or ventilation of the pillow to carry out itself without the necessary To have to carry facilities separately.
  • Another advantageous way of training the evacuation device consists in a Provide a check valve, and the pillow unit, made as outlined above a single pillow segment or a composite of Cushion segments can be formed with a surface pressure device for venting the pillow unit to be provided by the check valve.
  • This design of the evacuation device enables it for example to evacuate the pillow to use a chin strap that matches one on the outer cushion wall arranged print edition connected is, so the evacuation and the so accompanying formation of the shape stability of the pillow when putting on and tightening the chin strap he follows. This is compared to conventional Safety helmets to evacuate the pillow no additional, Measure to be carried out by the helmet wearer necessary.
  • the evacuation device can also consist of at least one there are partially air-porous pillow walls, which a ventilation through the cushion wall External pressure, for example when the helmet is on is made possible. As long as the pressure remains, that is, as long as the helmet remains on the deflated condition of the pillow. After acceptance of the helmet the pillow gradually becomes again ventilated.
  • the pillow Island areas or recesses preferably in the areas covering the ear cups of the helmet wearer the outer shell. This will on the one hand, particularly pressure-sensitive areas on Cut out the head of the helmet wearer. Second, remains the sound absorbing effect of the pillow Recesses or island areas without influence on the Hearing of the helmet wearer, so that this also a contribution to traffic safety is made.
  • Such Bridges can be made of thermoplastic material formed pillow walls for example There are welds. Those so formed, for example Bridges make separate facilities No need to create partitions.
  • a connection of the pillow segments with each other can through air-permeable intermediate areas in the webs or also through air duct or air line connections or via a central air line.
  • the pillow walls can with an outer, the Helmet outer shell facing and / or an inner, the top layer facing the head of the helmet wearer be made of different materials and / or have different material surfaces can. This makes it possible to use the top layers as Train functional layers, each with special have properties corresponding to their arrangement.
  • the outer cover layer can be coated with an adhesive be provided which is an undesirable
  • the outer shell of the helmet slides on the outer cover layer prevented.
  • the adhesive coating can even separate connection devices between the top layer and the outer shell of the helmet make redundant.
  • the inner Top layer as a climate system with at least two Layers made of different materials is.
  • One facing the head of the helmet wearer Outer layer can be made of an air and moisture permeable synthetic material and an in between the outer layer and the lining arranged Intermediate layer made of an absorbent material, such as a fleece or a cotton layer.
  • the inner top layer interchangeably attached to the lining is particularly advantageous.
  • FIG. 1 shows a protective helmet 10 which is shown with a cut outer shell 11 and placed on the head of a helmet wearer for a better explanation.
  • the embodiment of the protective helmet shown here is a jet helmet for motorcyclists.
  • this helmet could equally well be designed as a half-shell helmet or an integral helmet.
  • Lighter embodiments, such as those used by cyclists, are also conceivable, particularly with regard to the design of the outer shell of the helmet.
  • a lining 12 is provided in each case, which in this exemplary embodiment is formed overall as a coherent vacuum cushion with individual cushion segments, of which only the cushion segments 13 in side view due to the representation of the protective helmet 10 in FIG. 1 , 14, 15 and 16 are visible. Further, correspondingly arranged pillow segments are arranged on the opposite side of the head, not shown here.
  • the individual pillow segments 13, 14, 15 and 16 are by means of webs 18, 19, 20, 21 in a vacuum-tight manner from one another divided and together form a pillow unit a common, a check valve 31 and one Suction bellows 32 evacuation device.
  • the webs 18, 19, 20, 21 all around the pillow segments 13, 14, 15, 16 are formed. It is just as good however, it is also possible that the webs only in some areas Partitions between the individual pillow segments represent and in the remaining areas the segments are merged into one another.
  • the cushion segments are arranged radially on the head of the helmet wearer and converge in an apex region 22.
  • a tonsurf-shaped recess 23 is provided in the lining 12, in which air lines 24, 25, 26, 27 are arranged, which start from the crown end regions of the cushion segments 13, 14, 15 and 16 and open into a common connecting piece 28.
  • a collecting line 29 runs between the two cushion segments arranged at the back of the helmet wearer, of which only one cushion segment 16 is shown in the view shown in FIG.
  • check valve 31 covering the check valve 31 is provided on the outside of the helmet outer shell 11 of the suction bellows 32 with a vent 33.
  • a ventilation device to ventilate the cushion segments 13, 14, 15 and 16, the check valve 31, not shown in detail here, is provided with a ventilation device, not shown.
  • the webs 18, 19, 20 and 21 in are for ventilation Partial areas or completely with perforations 42 provided an air exchange between the outer Enable the environment and the head surface.
  • the tonsure-shaped one also plays a key role in this Recess 23 in the crown region 22 at.
  • the cushion segment 15 is provided with a further recess 34, which serves to receive an ear cup 35.
  • an island region of the cushion segment 15 (not shown here in more detail) can also be provided, which, like a web, can be formed from adjacent regions of cushion walls 36, 37 (FIG. 2) and provided with perforations, but differently from this one has a flat extent that covers the auricle area.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of the cushion segment 15 in a region between the webs 19 and 20.
  • the structure of the lining 12 as a whole is clear from this representation.
  • the lining 12 has two pillow walls, the outer pillow wall 36 and the inner pillow wall 37, which are connected by webs 19, 20 to form the pillow segments, of which the pillow segment 15 is shown here by way of example, which here are welded in regions or heat-sealed in regions the cushion walls 36 and 37 are formed together.
  • the cushion segment 15 and the other cushion segments are filled with elastic fillers 38 which, when the cushion segment 15 is in the ventilated state, can be moved freely against one another, thereby creating a soft and less elastic design of the cushion segments.
  • the outer Functional top layer 39 consists of a hard-wearing Material covered on the outside with a rubber adhesive coating 41 is provided and therefore for a good one Hold the lining 12 in the outer helmet shell 11 worries.
  • the inner functional cover layer 40 is as one Air conditioning system with an outer synthetic layer 43 and an absorbent intermediate layer 44 made of a Fleece provided and thus ensures a pleasant Helmet wearer comfort.
  • the individual cushion segments of the lining 12 in the initial state so when putting on the protective helmet 10, in a ventilated state, so that the hard hat 10 without much resistance simply on the Head of the helmet wearer can be put on.
  • the cushion segments become a comfortable sitting position the lining 12 by repeatedly pressing the Suction bellows 32 vented, causing the inner Functional cover layer 40 in its contour of the skull contour of the helmet wearer fits snugly. Because of the contact areas thus formed over a large area between the liner 12 and the head of the Helmet wearer is already a relatively low pressure the lining on the head of the helmet wearer is sufficient, an exact, essentially immovable Ensure the fit of the protective helmet 10 on the head.
  • the packing 38 are now close to each other on and are no longer relative to each other movable. This makes the previously soft, inelastic Training the liner 12 by a relative unyielding, elastic damping training replaced, the elastic damping properties essentially by the material properties the filler 38 are predetermined.
  • the one shown here Embodiment consist of the packing 38 from styrofoam balls; but can also from other suitable, elastic plastics.
  • the cushion segments can be used to remove the protective helmet 10 the lining 12 by pressing the Ventilation device are ventilated so that the soft, resilient formation of the lining 12 is restored, and the protective helmet lighter can be removed.
  • the outer shell is formed by a relatively rigid outer shell.
  • the outer shell can also be formed by the hard-wearing outer functional cover layer 39 in particularly light versions of the protective helmet.

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  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP95/01056 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 5, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 5, 1996 PCT Filed Mar. 21, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/25446 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 28, 1995Protective helmet (10), in particular for motorcyclists or the like, with an outer casing formed in particular as an outer shell (11) and a lining (12) which is accommodated in the outer casing and lines the latter at least in areas. At least in partial regions, the lining (12) comprises a cushion which can be evacuated of air, is divided into individual segments (13, 14, 15, 16) and is filled with resilient packing (38).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schutzhelm, insbesondere für Motorradfahrer oder dergleichen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a protective helmet, in particular for Motorcyclists or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Schutzhelme der vorstehend genannten Art kommen in vielen, teilweise sehr unterschiedlichen Gebieten zum Einsatz und werden sowohl im Bereich des Arbeitsschutzes als auch im Freizeit- und Sportbereich als schützende Kopfbedeckung eingesetzt. Dabei kommen den wesentlichen Komponenten eines Schutzhelms, nämlich der in der Regel als Außenschale ausgebildeten Außenhülle und der Auskleidung, unabhängig vom Einsatzgebiet besondere, einander ergänzende Funktionen zu. Die Außenschale wird in der Regel relativ biegesteif ausgeführt und dient als äußere schützende Umhüllung der Auskleidung sowie zur möglichst gleichmäßigen, flächigen Einleitung von Aufprallstößen in die Auskleidung. Die Auskleidung selbst dient im wesentlichen zur Aufnahme und zum Abbau von Stoßenergie, bevor diese den Kopf des Helmträgers erreicht. Im Vergleich zur relativ biegesteifen Außenschale ist daher die Schalenauskleidung in der Regel relativ biegeweich und elastisch sowie dämpfend ausgeführtProtective helmets of the type mentioned come in many, some very different areas and are used in both In the field of occupational safety as well as in the leisure and sports sector as protective headgear. Here come the essential Components of a protective helmet, namely the one usually Outer shell trained outer shell and lining, independently special, complementary functions. The Outer shell is usually relatively rigid and serves as outer protective covering of the lining as well as possible uniform, flat initiation of impact impacts in the Lining. The lining itself essentially serves as a receptacle and to reduce impact energy before it hits the head of the helmet wearer reached. Compared to the relatively rigid outer shell is therefore the Shell lining usually relatively flexible and elastic as well dampened

Aus der GB-A-1 378 494, die den dem Gegenstand der Anmeldung am nächsten kommenden Stand der Technik wiedergibt ist ein Schutzhelm der vorgenannten Art bekannt, der mit einer als Außenschale ausgebildeten Außenhülle und einer in der Außenhülle aufgenommenen Auskleidung versehen ist. Die Auskleidung ist kissenartig, in einzelne Kissensegmente unterteilt ausgebildet, wobei die Kissensegmente mit elastischen Füllkörpern gefüllt sind.From GB-A-1 378 494, which is the subject of the application on The next upcoming state of the art is a hard hat known of the aforementioned type, which is designed with an outer shell Outer shell and one accommodated in the outer shell Lining is provided. The lining is pillow-like, in individual Cushion segments are divided, the cushion segments with elastic fillers are filled.

Abgesehen von den besonderen Materialeigenschaften, die die Außenschale und die Schalenauskleidung eines Schutzhelms aufweisen, ist für die mit einem Schutzhelm erreichbare Schutzwirkung der Sitz des Helms auf dem Kopf des Helmträgers entscheidend. Die beste Schutzwirkung wird bei einem möglichst dicht anliegenden Sitz des Schutzhelms bzw. der Auskleidung erzielt. Dieser möglichst enge Sitz des Schutzhelms steht bei den bekannten Schutzhelmen in einem direkten Gegensatz zum Tragekomfort. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Schädelgeometrien der Helmträger ist bei einem in einer Standardgröße hergestellten Helm ein enganliegender Sitz häufig nur durch ein entsprechend festes Spannen eines Helmkinnriemens möglich. Hierdurch wird dann zwar in vielen Bereichen ein enganliegender Kontakt zwischen der Schalenauskleidung und dem Kopf des Helmträgers erzielt. Dies jedoch zu dem Preis, daß insbesondere bei längerem Tragen des Schutzhelms unangenehme Druckstellen spürbar werden, oder daß es aufgrund des erhöhten Drucks zu Kopfschmerzen beim Helmträger kommt. Neben der Beeinträchtigung des Tragekomforts wirkt sich dies bei Motorradfahrern negativ auf die Fahrsicherheit aus.Apart from the special material properties that the Outer shell and the shell lining of one Have a hard hat is for those with a hard hat achievable protective effect of the seat of the helmet crucial on the head of the helmet wearer. The best The protective effect is as close as possible Seat of the protective helmet or lining achieved. This tight fit of the protective helmet stands in a direct line with the known protective helmets Contrast to comfort. Because of the different Skull geometries of the helmet wearer for a helmet made in a standard size a tight fit is often only due to an appropriate fit tight tightening of a helmet chin strap possible. This will then in many areas a close contact between the shell lining and the head of the helmet wearer. However, this at the price that especially in the long Wearing the hard hat uncomfortable pressure points become noticeable, or that it is due to the increased Pressure to headache comes to the helmet wearer. In addition to impairing comfort, it works this has a negative impact on driving safety for motorcyclists out.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schutzhelm mit einer Auskleidung zu schaffen, der die bislang unverträglich erscheinenden Eigenschaften aufweist, sowohl einen enganliegenden Sitz als auch einen hohen Tragkomfort zu ermöglichen.The present invention is therefore based on the object based on a protective helmet with a lining create the so far incompatible Features a tight fit Seat as well as a high wearing comfort.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Schutzhelm mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This task is accomplished with a hard hat Features of claim 1 solved.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schutzhelm ist mit einer Auskleidung versehen, die zumindest in Teilbereichen ein evakuierbares, in einzelne Segmente unterteiltes Kissen aufweist, das mit elastischen Füllkörpern gefüllt ist.The protective helmet according to the invention is lined provided, at least in some areas an evacuable one, divided into individual segments Has cushion that with elastic fillers is filled.

Im belüfteten Zustand des Kissens sind die elastischen Füllkörper leicht gegeneinander verschiebbar und ermöglichen somit die Ausbildung eines sehr weichen, in seiner Form leicht veränderbaren Kissens. In diesem Zustand des Kissens ist es daher besonders leicht möglich, einen Schutzhelm, der mit einer derartigen Kissenauskleidung versehen ist über den Kopf zu stülpen oder von diesem abzunehmen. Hierbei paßt sich das Kissen bzw. die Kissenfüllung der individuellen Schädelgeometrie des Helmträgers besonders gut an und liegt daher mit der Kissenoberfläche an der gesamten, durch das Kissen überdeckten Schädelfläche im wesentlichen gleichmäßig an. Durch eine nachfolgende Evakuierung des Kissens wird der angepaßte Kissensitz quasi eingefroren, wodurch zum einen der enganliegende und doch bequeme Sitz für den Helmträger erhalten bleibt, zum anderen durch die aufgrund der Evakuierung nunmehr dicht aneinander anliegende Anordnung der Füllkörper die Verformbarkeit des Kissens auf die elastischen Nachgiebigkeiten der Füllkörper reduziert ist. Im evakuierten Zustand weist das Kissen daher die für eine Stoßabsorption erwünschten, guten Dämpfungseigenschaften auf.When the pillow is ventilated, it is elastic Packing can be easily moved against each other and thus enable the formation of a very soft, in the form of easily changeable pillow. It is therefore special in this state of the pillow easily possible a hard hat that comes with such a Pillow lining is provided over the head to put on or remove from this. This fits the pillow or the pillow filling of the individual Skull geometry of the helmet wearer particularly good and therefore lies with the cushion surface on the entire area of the skull covered by the pillow essentially evenly. By a subsequent one Evacuation of the pillow is adjusted Pillow seat almost frozen, which on the one hand tight, yet comfortable fit for the helmet wearer is preserved, on the other hand by the due the evacuation now close together Arrangement of the packing the deformability of the pillow on the elastic compliance of the packing is reduced. In the evacuated state the pillow is therefore the one required for shock absorption, good damping properties.

Da durch eine Belüftung des Kissens jederzeit die vorstehend beschriebene weiche und besonders leicht verformbare Ausgestaltung des Kissens wiederhergestellt werden kann, die ein leichtes nahezu kraftloses Abnehmen des Schutzhelms vom Kopf des Helmträgers ermöglicht, erfüllt der erfindungsgemäße Schutzhelm auch in besonderem Maße die insbesondere bei Motorradhelmen bestehende Anforderung, daß der Schutzhelm nach einem Unfall, also etwa bei Bewußtlosigkeit des Helmträgers, leicht abgenommen können werden muß.Because by ventilation of the pillow at any time soft and particularly light described above deformable design of the pillow restored can be a light almost powerless Remove the protective helmet from the head of the helmet wearer enables, fulfills the invention Hard hat also especially the particular one in motorcycle helmets there is a requirement that the Safety helmet after an accident, for example in the event of loss of consciousness the helmet wearer, can be easily removed must become.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schutzhelm bietet jedoch darüber hinaus auch völlig neue Möglichkeiten bei der Schutzhelmkonfektionierung, da aufgrund der leichten Anpaßbarkeit der Helmauskleidung mehrere Konfektionsgrößen mit ein und derselben Auskleidung abgedeckt werden können.However, the protective helmet according to the invention offers more also completely new possibilities in the Hard hat assembly because of the light Adaptability of the helmet lining of several clothing sizes covered with one and the same lining can be.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform bilden die Kissensegmente einzeln oder im vakuumdichten Verbund miteinander Kisseneinheiten, die jeweils eine Evakuierungseinrichtung aufweisen. Diese. vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ermöglicht eine nahezu beliebig feine Aufteilung der Auskleidung in einzelne Evakuierungszonen, was sich etwa dann als vorteilhaft erweisen kann, wenn eine als Außenhülle verwendete Helmschale mehrteilig ausgebildet ist. Hierbei können dann die einzelnen Evakuierungszonen den einzelnen Schalenkomponenten zugeordnet werden.In a preferred embodiment, the pillow segments form individually or in a vacuum-tight combination with each other pillow units, each an evacuation device exhibit. This. beneficial Design allows an almost arbitrarily fine Division of the lining into individual evacuation zones, which then turns out to be advantageous can, if a helmet shell used as an outer shell is formed in several parts. Here you can then individual evacuation zones, the individual shell components be assigned.

Bei einem besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Evakuierungseinrichtung mit einem an der Außenhülle angeordneten Ventil und einer diesem zugeordneten, außen an der Außenhülle angeordneten, etwa als Saugbalg ausgebildeten Vakuumpumpe versehen. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es dem Helmträger auf besonders vorteilhafte Art und Weise jederzeit die Evakuierung oder Belüftung des Kissens selbst durchzuführen, ohne die hierzu notwendigen Einrichtungen separat mitführen zu müssen.In a particularly preferred embodiment is the evacuation device with one on the Outer shell arranged valve and an associated, arranged on the outside of the outer shell, provided as a suction bellows vacuum pump. This configuration enables the helmet wearer in a particularly advantageous manner at any time the evacuation or ventilation of the pillow to carry out itself without the necessary To have to carry facilities separately.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Möglichkeit der Ausbildung der Evakuierungseinrichtung besteht darin, in einer Kissenwandung ein Rückschlagventil vorzusehen, und die Kisseneinheit, die wie vorstehend ausgeführt aus einem einzelnen Kissensegment oder einem Verbund von Kissensegmenten gebildet sein kann, mit einer Flächendruckeinrichtung zum Entlüften der Kisseneinheit durch das Rückschlagventil zu versehen.Another advantageous way of training the evacuation device consists in a Provide a check valve, and the pillow unit, made as outlined above a single pillow segment or a composite of Cushion segments can be formed with a surface pressure device for venting the pillow unit to be provided by the check valve.

Diese Ausbildung der Evakuierungseinrichtung ermöglicht es beispielsweise zur Evakuierung des Kissens einen Kinnriemen zu nutzen, der mit einer auf der äußeren Kissenwandung angeordneten Druckauflage verbunden ist, so daß die Evakuierung und die damit einhergehende Ausbildung der Formstabilität des Kissens beim Anlegen und Festziehen des Kinnriemens erfolgt. Somit ist im Vergleich zu konventionellen Schutzhelmen zur Evakuierung des Kissens keine zusätzliche, vom Helmträger durchzuführende Maßnahme notwendig.This design of the evacuation device enables it for example to evacuate the pillow to use a chin strap that matches one on the outer cushion wall arranged print edition connected is, so the evacuation and the so accompanying formation of the shape stability of the pillow when putting on and tightening the chin strap he follows. This is compared to conventional Safety helmets to evacuate the pillow no additional, Measure to be carried out by the helmet wearer necessary.

Die Evakuierungseinrichtung kann auch aus einer zumindest teilweise luftporösen Kissenwandung bestehen, die eine Entlüftung durch die Kissenwandung bei Druck von außen, etwa dann, wenn der Helm aufgesetzt wird, ermöglicht. Solange der Druck bestehen bleibt, also solange, wie der Helm aufgesetzt bleibt, dauert der entlüftete Zustand des Kissens an. Nach Abnahme des Helms wird das Kissen dann wieder allmählich belüftet.The evacuation device can also consist of at least one there are partially air-porous pillow walls, which a ventilation through the cushion wall External pressure, for example when the helmet is on is made possible. As long as the pressure remains, that is, as long as the helmet remains on the deflated condition of the pillow. After acceptance of the helmet the pillow gradually becomes again ventilated.

Als vorteilhaft erweist es sich auch, wenn das Kissen Inselbereiche oder Ausnehmungen, vorzugsweise in den die Ohrmuscheln des Helmträgers abdeckenden Bereichen der Außenhülle, aufweist. Hierdurch werden zum einen besonders druckempfindliche Bereiche am Kopf des Helmträgers ausgespart. Zum anderen bleibt die schalldämmende Wirkung des Kissens durch die Ausnehmungen oder Inselbereiche ohne Einfluß auf das Hörvermögen des Helmträgers, so daß auch hierdurch ein Beitrag zur Verkehrssicherheit erbracht wird. It also proves advantageous if the pillow Island areas or recesses, preferably in the areas covering the ear cups of the helmet wearer the outer shell. This will on the one hand, particularly pressure-sensitive areas on Cut out the head of the helmet wearer. Second, remains the sound absorbing effect of the pillow Recesses or island areas without influence on the Hearing of the helmet wearer, so that this also a contribution to traffic safety is made.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Segmente durch Stege voneinander abgeteilt sind, die zumindest teilweise durch vakuumdicht aneinanderliegende Bereiche der Kissenwandungen ausgebildet sind. Derartige Stege können bei aus thermoplastischem Material gebildeten Kissenwandungen beispielsweise aus Abschweißungen bestehen. Die beispielsweise so gebildeten Stege machen gesonderte Einrichtungen zur Ausbildung der Abtrennungen überflüssig.It is particularly advantageous if the segments are separated from each other by webs, at least partly by vacuum-tight contact Areas of the cushion walls are formed. Such Bridges can be made of thermoplastic material formed pillow walls for example There are welds. Those so formed, for example Bridges make separate facilities No need to create partitions.

Eine Verbindung der Kissensegmente miteinander kann durch luftdurchlässige Zwischenbereiche in den Stegen oder auch durch Luftkanal- oder Luftleitungsverbindungen oder über eine zentrale Luftleitung erfolgen.A connection of the pillow segments with each other can through air-permeable intermediate areas in the webs or also through air duct or air line connections or via a central air line.

Die Kissenwandungen können mit einer äußeren, der Helmaußenschale zugewandten und/oder einer inneren, dem Kopf des Helmträgers zugewandten Decklage versehen sein, die unterschiedliche Materialien und/oder unterschiedliche Materialoberflächen aufweisen können. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Decklagen als Funktionslagen auszubilden, die jeweils besondere, ihrer Anordnung entsprechende Eigenschaften aufweisen.The pillow walls can with an outer, the Helmet outer shell facing and / or an inner, the top layer facing the head of the helmet wearer be made of different materials and / or have different material surfaces can. This makes it possible to use the top layers as Train functional layers, each with special have properties corresponding to their arrangement.

So kann etwa die äußere Decklage mit einer HaftbeSchichtung versehen sein, die ein unerwünschtes Gleiten der Helmaußenschale auf der äußeren Decklage verhindert. Je nach Art der Ausbildung der Haftbeschichtung kann diese sogar gesonderte Verbindungseinrichtungen zwischen der Decklage und der Helmaußenschale überflüssig machen.For example, the outer cover layer can be coated with an adhesive be provided which is an undesirable The outer shell of the helmet slides on the outer cover layer prevented. Depending on the type of formation of the adhesive coating can even separate connection devices between the top layer and the outer shell of the helmet make redundant.

Als vorteilhaft erweist es sich auch, wenn die innere Decklage als Klimasystem mit mindestens zwei Schichten aus unterschiedlichen Materialien ausgebildet ist. Eine dem Kopf des Helmträgers zugewandte Außenschicht kann aus einem luft- und feuchtedurchlässigen synthetischen Material und eine zwischen der Außenschicht und der Auskleidung angeordnete Zwischenschicht aus einem saugfähigen Material, etwa einem Vlies oder einer Baumwolllage, bestehen.It also proves to be advantageous if the inner Top layer as a climate system with at least two Layers made of different materials is. One facing the head of the helmet wearer Outer layer can be made of an air and moisture permeable synthetic material and an in between the outer layer and the lining arranged Intermediate layer made of an absorbent material, such as a fleece or a cotton layer.

Insbesondere bei einer Ausbildung als Klimasystem ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die innere Decklage auswechselbar an der Auskleidung angebracht ist.Especially when training as a climate system it is particularly advantageous if the inner top layer interchangeably attached to the lining is.

Hinsichtlich des Tragekomforts des Schutzhelms erweist es sich ebenfalls als besonders angenehm, wenn die Stege oder Inselbereiche des Kissens mit Belüftungsöffnungen versehen sind, die zum einen einen Hitzestau im Kopfbreich vermeiden, zum anderen für eine ausreichende Feuchtigkeitsabfuhr sorgen.Proven with regard to the comfort of the protective helmet it is also particularly pleasant if the webs or island areas of the pillow with ventilation openings are provided, on the one hand Avoid heat build-up in the head area, on the other hand for ensure adequate moisture dissipation.

Außer mit Kissensegmenten kann die Auskleidung mit elastischen Polsterbereichen, etwa im Bereich der hinteren Helmunterkante, versehen sein, die aus Luftpolsterungen oder etwa auch aus Polstereinlagen, wie Schaumstoffeinlagen, bestehen können und für eine weitere Erhöhung des Tragekomforts sorgen. Nachfolgend wird eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schutzhelms anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schutzhelm mit geschnitten dargestellter Helmschale und darin aufgenommener Auskleidung;
Figur 2
eine Teilschnittdarstellung der als Vakuumkissen ausgebildeten Auskleidung.
In addition to pillow segments, the lining can be provided with elastic padding areas, for example in the area of the rear lower edge of the helmet, which can consist of air cushioning or padding, such as foam inlays, and further increase the wearing comfort. A preferred embodiment of a protective helmet according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
a hard hat with a cut helmet shell and lining contained therein;
Figure 2
a partial sectional view of the lining designed as a vacuum cushion.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Schutzhelm 10, der zur besseren Erläuterung mit geschnittener Helmaußenschale 11 und auf den Kopf eines Helmträgers aufgesetzt dargestellt ist. Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des Schutzhelms handelt es sich um einen Jethelm für Motorradfahrer. Ebensogut könnte dieser Helm jedoch auch als Halbschalenhelm oder Integralhelm ausgeführt sein. Auch sind insbesondere in Bezug auf die Ausbildung der Helmaußenschale leichtere Ausführungsformen denkbar wie sie etwa von Fahrradfahrern verwendet werden. FIG. 1 shows a protective helmet 10 which is shown with a cut outer shell 11 and placed on the head of a helmet wearer for a better explanation. The embodiment of the protective helmet shown here is a jet helmet for motorcyclists. However, this helmet could equally well be designed as a half-shell helmet or an integral helmet. Lighter embodiments, such as those used by cyclists, are also conceivable, particularly with regard to the design of the outer shell of the helmet.

Unabhängig von der Ausgestaltung der Helmaußenschale 11 ist in jedem Fall eine Auskleidung 12 vorgesehen, die bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel insgesamt als ein zusammenhängendes Vakuumkissen ausgebildet ist mit einzelnen Kissensegmenten, von denen aufgrund der Darstellung des Schutzhelms 10 in Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht nur die Kissensegmente 13, 14, 15 und 16 sichtbar sind. Weitere, entsprechend angeordnete Kissensegmente sind auf der hier nicht dargestellten Gegenseite des Kopfes angeordnet.Irrespective of the design of the outer shell 11, a lining 12 is provided in each case, which in this exemplary embodiment is formed overall as a coherent vacuum cushion with individual cushion segments, of which only the cushion segments 13 in side view due to the representation of the protective helmet 10 in FIG. 1 , 14, 15 and 16 are visible. Further, correspondingly arranged pillow segments are arranged on the opposite side of the head, not shown here.

Die einzelnen Kissensegmente 13, 14, 15 und 16 sind durch Stege 18, 19, 20, 21 vakuumdicht voneinander abgeteilt und bilden zusammen eine Kisseneinheit mit einer gemeinsamen, ein Rückschlagventil 31 und einen Saugbalg 32 aufweisenden Evakuierungseinrichtung.The individual pillow segments 13, 14, 15 and 16 are by means of webs 18, 19, 20, 21 in a vacuum-tight manner from one another divided and together form a pillow unit a common, a check valve 31 and one Suction bellows 32 evacuation device.

Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Stege 18, 19, 20, 21 umlaufend um die Kissensegmente 13, 14, 15, 16 ausgebildet. Genausogut ist es jedoch auch möglich, daß die Stege nur bereichsweise Abtrennungen zwischen den einzelnen Kissensegmenten darstellen und in den übrigen Bereichen die Segmente ineinander übergehend ausgebildet sind. In the embodiment shown here the webs 18, 19, 20, 21 all around the pillow segments 13, 14, 15, 16 are formed. It is just as good however, it is also possible that the webs only in some areas Partitions between the individual pillow segments represent and in the remaining areas the segments are merged into one another.

Bei der hier dargestellten Auskleidung sind die Kissensegmente strahlenförmig auf dem Kopf des Helmträgers angeordnet und laufen in einem Scheitelbereich 22 zusammen. Im Scheitelbereich 22 ist in der Auskleidung 12 eine tonsurförmige Ausnehmung 23 vorgesehen, in der Luftleitungen 24, 25, 26, 27 angeordnet sind, die von den scheitelseitigen Endbereichen der Kissensegmente 13, 14, 15 und 16 ausgehen und in ein gemeinsames Anschlußstück 28 münden. Vom Anschlußstück 28 ausgehend verläuft eine Sammelleitung 29 zwischen den beiden am Hinterkopf des Helmträgers angeordneten Kissensegmenten, von denen in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ansicht nur das eine Kissensegment 16 dargestellt ist, und mündet in das im Bereich eines hinteren Helmunterrands 30 in der Helmaußenschale 11 angeordnete Rückschlagventil 31. Das Rückschlagventil 31 überdeckend ist außenseitig auf der Helmaußenschale 11 der Saugbalg 32 mit einer Entlüftungsöffnung 33 vorgesehen. Zur Belüftung der Kissensegmente 13, 14, 15 und 16 ist das hier nicht im Detail dargestellte Rückschlagventil 31 mit einer nicht dargestellten Belüftungseinrichtung versehen.In the case of the lining shown here, the cushion segments are arranged radially on the head of the helmet wearer and converge in an apex region 22. In the crown region 22, a tonsurf-shaped recess 23 is provided in the lining 12, in which air lines 24, 25, 26, 27 are arranged, which start from the crown end regions of the cushion segments 13, 14, 15 and 16 and open into a common connecting piece 28. Starting from the connecting piece 28, a collecting line 29 runs between the two cushion segments arranged at the back of the helmet wearer, of which only one cushion segment 16 is shown in the view shown in FIG. 1 , and opens into that in the area of a rear lower helmet edge 30 in the outer helmet shell 11 arranged check valve 31 covering the check valve 31 is provided on the outside of the helmet outer shell 11 of the suction bellows 32 with a vent 33. To ventilate the cushion segments 13, 14, 15 and 16, the check valve 31, not shown in detail here, is provided with a ventilation device, not shown.

Zur Belüftung sind die Stege 18, 19, 20 und 21 in Teilbereichen oder vollständig mit Perforationen 42 versehen, die einen Luftaustausch zwischen der äußeren Umgebung und der Kopfoberfläche ermöglichen. Hierzu trägt auch entscheidend die tonsurförmige Ausnehmung 23 im Scheitelbreich 22 bei.The webs 18, 19, 20 and 21 in are for ventilation Partial areas or completely with perforations 42 provided an air exchange between the outer Enable the environment and the head surface. The tonsure-shaped one also plays a key role in this Recess 23 in the crown region 22 at.

Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Kissensegment 15 mit einer weiteren Ausnehmung 34 versehen, die zur Aufnahme einer Ohrmuschel 35 dient. Statt einer Ausnehmung kann im Ohrmuschelbereich auch ein hier nicht näher dargestellter Inselbreich des Kissensegmentes 15 vorgesehen sein, der ähnlich wie ein Steg aus aneinanderliegenden Bereichen von Kissenwandungen 36, 37 (Fig. 2) gebildet und mit Perforationen versehen sein kann, jedoch abweichend von diesem eine flächige Ausdehung aufweist, die den Ohrmuschelbereich überdeckt.In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the cushion segment 15 is provided with a further recess 34, which serves to receive an ear cup 35. Instead of a recess, an island region of the cushion segment 15 (not shown here in more detail) can also be provided, which, like a web, can be formed from adjacent regions of cushion walls 36, 37 (FIG. 2) and provided with perforations, but differently from this one has a flat extent that covers the auricle area.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Querschnittdarstellung des Kissensegments 15 in einem Bereich zwischen den Stegen 19 und 20. Aus dieser Darstellung wird der Aufbau der Auskleidung 12 insgesamt deutlich. Die Auskleidung 12 weist zwei Kissenwandungen, die äußere Kissenwandung 36 und die innere Kissenwandung 37 auf, die zur Ausbildung der Kissensegmente, von denen hier das Kissensegment 15 beispielhaft dargestellt ist, durch Stege 19, 20 verbunden sind, die hier durch bereichweises Verschweißen oder bereichsweise Wärmeversiegelung der Kissenwandungen 36 und 37 miteinander ausgebildet sind. Das Kissensegment 15 sowie die anderen Kissensegmente sind mit elastischen Füllkörpern 38 gefüllt, die im belüfteten Zustand des Kissensegments 15 frei gegeneinander bewegbar sind, wodurch eine weiche und wenig elastische Ausbildung der Kissensegmente geschaffen wird. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of the cushion segment 15 in a region between the webs 19 and 20. The structure of the lining 12 as a whole is clear from this representation. The lining 12 has two pillow walls, the outer pillow wall 36 and the inner pillow wall 37, which are connected by webs 19, 20 to form the pillow segments, of which the pillow segment 15 is shown here by way of example, which here are welded in regions or heat-sealed in regions the cushion walls 36 and 37 are formed together. The cushion segment 15 and the other cushion segments are filled with elastic fillers 38 which, when the cushion segment 15 is in the ventilated state, can be moved freely against one another, thereby creating a soft and less elastic design of the cushion segments.

Außen auf den hier aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff gebildeten Kissenwandungen 36 und 37 sind Funktionsdecklagen 39 und 40 aufgebracht. Die äußere Funktionsdecklage 39 besteht aus einem strapazierfähigem Material, das außen mit einer Gummihaftbeschichtung 41 versehen ist und somit für einen guten Halt der Auskleidung 12 in der Helmaußenschale 11 sorgt. Die innere Funktionsdecklage 40 ist als ein Klimasystem mit einer äußeren Synthetikschicht 43 und einer saugfähigen Zwischenschicht 44 aus einem Vlies versehen und sorgt somit für ein angenehmes Tragegefühl beim Helmträger. Outside on the one made of a thermoplastic Plastic-formed cushion walls 36 and 37 are Functional cover layers 39 and 40 applied. The outer Functional top layer 39 consists of a hard-wearing Material covered on the outside with a rubber adhesive coating 41 is provided and therefore for a good one Hold the lining 12 in the outer helmet shell 11 worries. The inner functional cover layer 40 is as one Air conditioning system with an outer synthetic layer 43 and an absorbent intermediate layer 44 made of a Fleece provided and thus ensures a pleasant Helmet wearer comfort.

Wie bereits vorstehend erwähnt, befinden sich die einzelnen Kissensegmente der Auskleidung 12 im Ausgangszustand, also beim Aufsetzen des Schutzhelms 10, in einem belüfteten Zustand, so daß der Schutzhelm 10 ohne größere Wiederstände einfach auf den Kopf des Helmträgers aufgesetzt werden kann. Befindet sich der Schutzhelm 10 in der für den Helmträger angenehmen Sitzposition werden die Kissensegmente der Auskleidung 12 durch wiederholtes Drücken des Saugbalgs 32 entlüftet, wodurch sich die innere Funktionsdecklage 40 in ihrer Kontur der Schädelkontur des Helmträgers eng anliegend anpaßt. Auf Grund der dadurch großflächig ausgebildeten Kontaktbereiche zwischen der Auskleidung 12 und dem Kopf des Helmträgers ist bereits ein relativ geringer Druck der Auskleidung auf den Kopf des Helmträgers ausreichend, um einen exakten, im wesentlichen unverrückbaren Sitz des Schutzhelms 10 auf dem Kopf sicherzustellen.As already mentioned above, the individual cushion segments of the lining 12 in the initial state, so when putting on the protective helmet 10, in a ventilated state, so that the hard hat 10 without much resistance simply on the Head of the helmet wearer can be put on. Located the protective helmet 10 in the for the helmet wearer The cushion segments become a comfortable sitting position the lining 12 by repeatedly pressing the Suction bellows 32 vented, causing the inner Functional cover layer 40 in its contour of the skull contour of the helmet wearer fits snugly. Because of the contact areas thus formed over a large area between the liner 12 and the head of the Helmet wearer is already a relatively low pressure the lining on the head of the helmet wearer is sufficient, an exact, essentially immovable Ensure the fit of the protective helmet 10 on the head.

Wegen des entlüfteten Zustands der einzelnen Kissensegmente liegen die Füllkörper 38 nunmehr dicht aneinander an und sind nicht mehr relativ zueinander bewegbar. Hierdurch wird die vormals weiche, unelastische Ausbildung der Auskleidung 12 durch ein relativ unnachgiebige, elastisch dämpfende Ausbildung ersetzt, wobei die elastisch dämpfenden Eigenschaften im wesentlichen durch die Materialeigenschaften der Füllkörper 38 vorgegeben sind. Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bestehen die Füllkörper 38 aus Styroporkugeln; können jedoch auch aus anderen geeigneten, elastischen Kunststoffen bestehen.Because of the deflated condition of the individual pillow segments the packing 38 are now close to each other on and are no longer relative to each other movable. This makes the previously soft, inelastic Training the liner 12 by a relative unyielding, elastic damping training replaced, the elastic damping properties essentially by the material properties the filler 38 are predetermined. The one shown here Embodiment consist of the packing 38 from styrofoam balls; but can also from other suitable, elastic plastics.

Zum Abnehmen des Schutzhelms 10 können die Kissensegmente der Auskleidung 12 durch Betätigung der Belüftungseinrichtung belüftet werden, so daß die weiche, nachgiebige Ausbildung der Auskleidung 12 wiederhergestellt ist, und der Schutzhelm leichter abgenommen werden kann.The cushion segments can be used to remove the protective helmet 10 the lining 12 by pressing the Ventilation device are ventilated so that the soft, resilient formation of the lining 12 is restored, and the protective helmet lighter can be removed.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Schutzhelm ist die Außenhülle durch eine relativ steif ausgebildete Außenschale gebildet. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, auf eine derartige Außenschale zu verzichten, so daß in besonders leichten Ausführungen des Schutzhelms die Außenhülle auch durch die strapazierfähige äußere Funktionsdecklage 39 gebildet sein kann.In the protective helmet shown in Fig. 1 , the outer shell is formed by a relatively rigid outer shell. However, it is also conceivable to dispense with such an outer shell, so that the outer shell can also be formed by the hard-wearing outer functional cover layer 39 in particularly light versions of the protective helmet.

Claims (13)

  1. Protective helmet, in particular, for motorcycle riders or the like, with an outer cover which is specifically designed as a outer shell, and a lining which is seated inside the outer cover and lines it at least in some regions, and which, in at least partial areas, exhibits padding which is divided into individual padding segments and which is filled with flexible packing,
    characterized by the fact
    that the padding can be evacuated.
  2. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 1,
    characterized by the fact
    that the padding segments (13, 14, 15, 16), individually or in a vacuum-tight composite, form padding units, each of which exhibits one evacuation device (31, 32).
  3. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 2,
    characterized by the fact
    that the evacuation device exhibits, preferably located at the outer cover (11), a check valve (31) which is connected with a vacuum pump (32) which is located externally on the outer cover (11).
  4. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 2,
    characterized by the fact
    that the evacuation device is formed by padding walls which are, at least in part, porous to air, in such a way that when impinged upon by pressure from the outside, the air present in the padding is pressed out.
  5. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 2,
    characterized by the fact
    that the evacuation device has a reflux valve (31) provided in the cushion wall (36, 37) and the cushion unit is equipped with a surface pressure device to deaerate the cushion unit via the reflux valve (31).
  6. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 5,
    characterized in that,
    the surface pressure device has a pressure support attached to the external cushion wall (36) that can be pressurized via a chin strap.
  7. Protective helmet in accordance one or more of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that,
    the lining (12) has island areas or free spaces (23, 34), preferably in the areas of the helmet's outer shell (11) that cover the external ears of the helmet wearer.
  8. Protective helmet in accordance with one or more of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that,
    the cushion segments (13, 14, 15, 16) are divided off from one another via bridges (18, 19, 20, 21) that at least to some extent are formed by vacuum-tight adjacent areas of the cushion walls (36, 37).
  9. Protective helmet in accordance with one or more of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that,
    an outer functional liner (39) facing the helmet's outer shell (11) and/or an inner functional liner (40) of the lining (12) facing the head of the helmet wearer is/are provided which preferably have different materials and/or material surfaces.
  10. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 9,
    characterized in that,
    the outer functional liner (39) has an adhesive coating.
  11. Protective helmet in accordance with Claim 9,
    characterized in that,
    the inner functional liner (40) consists of at least two layers of different materials to form a climate system, whereby a outer layer facing the head of the helmet wearer preferably has a synthetic material with air permeability and moisture permeability and an intermediate layer provided between the outer layer and the lining preferably has an absorbent material such as fleece.
  12. Protective helmet in accordance with one or more of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that,
    the bridges (18, 19, 20, 21) or the island areas of the lining (12) are equipped with ventilation openings (42).
  13. Protective helmet in accordance with one or more of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that,
    the lining (12) has elastic areas of padding that are preferably formed as air padding or cellular padding.
EP95928854A 1994-03-22 1995-03-21 Protective helmet Expired - Lifetime EP0751721B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4409839 1994-03-22
DE4409839A DE4409839C2 (en) 1994-03-22 1994-03-22 Hard hat
PCT/EP1995/001056 WO1995025446A1 (en) 1994-03-22 1995-03-21 Protective helmet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0751721A1 EP0751721A1 (en) 1997-01-08
EP0751721B1 true EP0751721B1 (en) 1998-05-27

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ID=6513502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5913412A (en)
EP (1) EP0751721B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4025364B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE166542T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4409839C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2116757T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1995025446A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59502345D1 (en) 1998-07-02
WO1995025446A1 (en) 1995-09-28
EP0751721A1 (en) 1997-01-08
JP4025364B2 (en) 2007-12-19
JPH10501585A (en) 1998-02-10
ATE166542T1 (en) 1998-06-15
US5913412A (en) 1999-06-22
DE4409839C2 (en) 1996-05-02
ES2116757T3 (en) 1998-07-16
DE4409839A1 (en) 1995-09-28

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