EP0745175B1 - Process for removing the core of earth from a pipe laid without excavation and scraper for implementing said process - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE95/00159 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 14, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 14, 1996 PCT Filed Feb. 9, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/21984 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 17, 1995A go-devil (1) is inserted into a pipe end of a pipe (5) laid in place in trenchless manner by ramming or pressing and of which the earth core (7) shall be removed by a method of the invention, said go-devil being displaced longitudinally through said pipe and forcing the said earth core out at the other pipe end. The advance of the go-devil (1) takes place step by step by means of a length-variable actuator (10) bracing itself against the inside wall (4) of the pipe (5), said actuator after each forward stroke being returned into its initial position and its bracing being made to follow in the direction of advance by the amount of the step taken. The go-devil (1) is composed of a head plate (2), a length-variable actuator (10) and bracing systems (11, 22), the head plate (2) being linked to one end of the actuator (10) and to a first bracing system (11) and the other end of the actuator (10) being linked to a second bracing system (22), these bracing systems (11, 22) being alternatively displaceable into one bracing position wherein they can be forced against the inside wall (4) of a pipe or into a disengaged position wherein they are off the inside wall (4) of the pipe.

Description

The invention relates to a method for expanding an earth core from a trenchlessly laid by ramming or pressing Pipe with both pipe ends exposed, which one Process used in a pipe end a pig and in Longitudinal direction is moved through the tube, with the Newt's core pushed out of the other end of the pipe becomes.

For trenchless laying of pipelines has been under other the pipe jacking with the help of pipe rams or Pipe presses proven in practice. The process offers at rolling floors as well as floors with deposits of Boulders and in the groundwater area with intermediate storage Flow sand layers have considerable advantages compared to the conventional worm drilling method. The procedure however requires special measures to expand the earth's core, the pipe jacking through the open head end in the pipe penetrates.

In the magazine bbr, issue 3, 1984 are in the order of articles "bbr textbook: civil engineering work for pipelines" Page 98 different procedures for removing a Driven into the tube penetrating the earth core specified. According to a known method, the earth core is made from the with the help of a pig. Of the The newt is predominantly made with air passing through a the inlet pipe closing the pipe end into the pipe is pumped with a pressure of up to 25 bar against the Earth core pressed, which this from the other end of the Tube is pushed into a collecting pit. With this procedure the earth core predominantly occurs with unregulated Speed and it can be when the Newts for a sudden relaxation of those still in the pipe air that is under high pressure, which brings with it a significant risk of accident and out Noise reasons in inhabited areas is not feasible. It is also known to be water instead of air Use media. This enables a controlled one Emergence of the earth's core, but has the disadvantage that it at least in the collecting pit to mix the Water comes with the earth's core, depending on the prevailing Soil conditions can pose a disposal problem. The same applies to a further process variant to where the earth's core is extracted from the rinsed pipe.

It is also known to retrofit the Earth's core with the help of Remove augers from the installed pipe. This However, the process is very complex and therefore uneconomical.

US-A-4 369 002 discloses a method for removing a Earth core penetrated into a trenchless pipe described, which comprises several stages. With help of a shovel-like working elements that under the action driven by vibrating shock loads along the pipe earth is absorbed and at the same time an earth pillow formed on which the work element is supported. After taking up an earth charge, the vibrating pushing motion the working element out of the tube moved out and the earth charge removed. After completion the gradual removal of the earth above the earth pillow will also this removed with the help of the working element.

The invention has for its object a method of Specify the type mentioned, with which it is easy and economical way and with minimal risk of accident is possible for the construction site or operating personnel, the earth core from a trenchless pipe jacking Remove pipe.

The method according to the invention provides a solution to this problem proposes that the newt should be driven gradually a length-adjustable lifting device is carried out is supported on the inner wall of the tube, the lifting device after each extension stroke to their starting position brought and their support in the direction of advance the completed step is followed up.

In the method according to the invention, the earth core is through a controlled advance of the pig from the pipe pushed out, the lifting device of the pig mechanically supported on the inner wall of the tube. A Pressurizing the pig by filling the pipeline with water or air, so that the associated Disadvantages are avoided. The lifting device of the Molches can be an electric or hydraulic drive have and via cables or hoses and suitable control devices to one located outside the pipeline Energy source must be connected. About the feeding of the Drive energy can thus be easily Control the movement of the lifting device.

To carry out the method according to the invention, after another proposal of the invention provided a pig be that of a headstock, one changeable in length Lifting device and clamping devices, wherein the head plate with one end of the lifting device and with a first jig and the other end of the Lifting device connected to a second clamping device is, the clamping devices alternately in a clamping position, in which it can be pressed against the inner wall of a pipe are, or are movable into a release position in which they are lifted off the inner wall of the tube and where the lifting device and the clamping devices by means of remotely controllable, hydraulic or electric drives can be operated are.

The pig according to the invention is characterized by a simple one and robust construction and is about the control its drives easy to use. An adaptation of the Pigs on different pipe dimensions is easy Way possible by the head plate and the tensioners can be adapted to the respective pipe diameter. No complex renovation work is required for this. Are preferred for actuating the lifting device and the clamping devices uses hydraulic drives, connected to the drive units common in construction and be driven with biodegradable hydraulic oils can. According to the lifting device by a double-acting, hydraulically actuated lifting cylinder be formed with a by the piston rod or the cylinder housing formed end on the head plate and attached with the other end to the second clamping device is. The lifting cylinder can be adjusted accordingly extended and retracted and thereby enables a simple adjustment of the tensioning device. The Clamps can be radially movable jaws or Have clamping shoes on the head plate or the lifting device are stored and each assigned by an hydraulically actuated cylinder radially are pressed against the outside of the inner wall of the tube.

According to a further proposal of the invention can be provided be that the first clamping device in the manner of an inner shoe brake has two radially movable jaws, the one end attached to one on the headstock Pins are rotatably mounted and their opposite Ends movable apart by means of a spreading device are. This configuration of the first clamping device leaves easily on the back of the headstock mount, with the central area of the headstock for the attachment of the lifting device is left out. As Spreading device according to the invention is a double acting hydraulic cylinder that between the ends the jaws arranged and by positive joints is connected to the ends of the jaws. By means of a Such an arrangement allows the jaws in both directions be moved without additional funds requirement.

An advantageous embodiment of the second clamping device according to the invention is that at least two Tension shoes with extending in the longitudinal direction of the pig Skids are provided, at least one of which Clamping shoe radial to the pipe axis with the help of a clamping cylinder is movable, which is supported on the other tensioning shoe is. With the help of the tension shoes can be used for support the reaction force from the feed force of the lifting device required and generated by the clamping cylinder Effectively transmit clamping forces to the pipe wall. The tension shoes also serve to guide the lifting device on the inner wall of the tube while the lifting device is reset. An embodiment is advantageous when of the tension shoes pivotally mounted on a pressure plate are attached to one end of the lifting device is. With the help of the pressure plate, high Supporting forces in a structurally simple manner from the center arranged lifting device on the external tension shoes transfer. To the radial clamping forces from the lifting device According to the invention, the lifting device can be kept away surrounding ring can be provided on which the or the clamping cylinders are supported in the radial direction. Through the ring, the radially inward Reactive forces absorbed from the clamping forces and with each other brought into balance so that the inside of the ring arranged lifting device by these forces remains unencumbered.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Molches im Einsatz innerhalb einer Rohrleitung,

Figur 2

einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Figur 1,

Figur 3

einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie 3-3 gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie 4-4 gemäß Figur 1 und

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit Hilfe eines Molches gemäß Figur 1.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the drawing. Show it

Figure 1

1 shows a schematic representation of a pig according to the invention in use within a pipeline,

Figure 2

2 shows a cross section along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1,

Figure 3

2 shows a cross section along the line 3-3 according to FIG. 1,

Figure 4

a cross section along the line 4-4 of Figure 1 and

Figure 5

2 shows a schematic representation of an application of the method according to the invention using a pig according to FIG. 1.

The pig 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 consists of a circular disc-shaped head plate 2 with a Scraper ring 3, with radial preload on the inner wall 4 of a tube 5 rests. The front 6 of the head plate 2 serves to push out an earth core 7, which itself in front of the head plate 2 in the tube 5. At the back 8 of the head plate 2, the piston rod 9 is double acting hydraulic lifting cylinder 10 attached. The piston rod 9 is shown in FIG. 1 Position fully retracted into the lifting cylinder 10.

On the back 8 of the head plate 2 is a tensioning device 11 arranged. The clamping device 11 has two Clamping jaws 12, 13 with one end on one in the Head plate 2 screwed pin 14 rotatably mounted are. Between the opposite ends of the jaws 12, 13 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 15 arranged, the cylinder housing 16 with the jaws 12 and its piston rod 17 with the jaws 13 articulated connected is. The articulated connection is through Hinge pin 18 formed the forked end of the jaws 12, 13 and with the cylinder housing 16 or piston rod 17 connected pressure pieces 19 penetrate and are aligned parallel to the pin 14.

In the position shown in Figure 2, the jaws 12, 13 by an action on the push rod side the piston of the cylinder 15 held. Stop pins 20 in the head plate 2 ensure centering of the Jaws 12, 13 with respect to the central axis of the head plate 2. By acting on the cylinder side of the piston of the cylinder 15, the movable ends of the Jaws 12, 13 spread apart and the jaws 12, 13 with its outside to the inner wall 4 of the Tube 5 pressed. Due to the friction between the Clamping jaws 12, 13 and the inner wall 4 can be the top plate 2 are held in the tube 5 with such a force, that they do not when resetting the lifting cylinder 10 can be moved.

The end of the lifting cylinder opposite the head plate 2 10 is with a pressure plate 21, a second clamping device 22 firmly connected. The pressure plate 21 has its Outside circumference three bearing blocks 23, one in each Clamping shoe 24 on a journal 25 around a tangential Axis is pivotally mounted. The tension shoes 24 are with Provide skids 26 which are parallel to the lifting cylinder 10 extend along the inner wall 4 of the tube 5 and one have cylindrical outer surface, the curvature of which is essentially corresponds to the curvature of the inner wall 4. Between Skids 26 and a lifting cylinder 10 with little Support ring 27 encompassing play are radially aligned Clamping cylinder 28 arranged. The clamping cylinders 28 are with its cylinder housing 29 attached to the support ring 27. The pistons 30 of the clamping cylinders 28 are on a pressure plate 31 supported on the inside of the Skids 26 is located.

As long as the clamping cylinder 28 is not pressurized are, the skids 26 form a sliding guide for the formed by the lifting cylinder 10 and the clamping device 22 Part of the newt 1. Are the clamping cylinders 28 with Pressurized, they press the skids 26 radially outwards to the inner wall 4 of the tube 5 with such Force that the resulting frictional connection sufficient to move the earth core 7 on the lifting cylinder 10 occurring reaction force to the tube 5 transfer.

The method for expanding an earth core 7 from a horizontal pipe driven in the ground with rams The aid of the pig described is illustrated in FIG. 5 and is described in more detail below. The The example according to FIG. 5 shows one from a starting pit 32 driven to a target pit 33 by a dam 34 Pipe 5, in which there is an earth core 7, which is used during tunneling has penetrated into the tube 5. In the starting pit 32 adjacent end of the tube 5 is one Pig 1, of the type previously described. To install the Molches 1 became the core of the earth at that of the starting pit 32 facing pipe end by hand on one of the lengths of the Molches 1 corresponding length expanded. With help of a suitable hoist, the newt 1 in the tube 5 used. The newt 1 is over pressure hoses 35 connected to a drive unit 36, the one Motor, a pump, a hydraulic control device contains. The control device is operated by an operator 37 operated.

To remove the earth core 7, the clamping cylinders are first 28 of the pig 1 pressurized in the direction of extension and thereby the skids 26 against the inner wall of the tube 5 stretched. Then pressure is applied to the Piston rod opposite side of the piston of the lifting cylinder 10 passed, whereby the piston rod 9 extended and the head plate 2 moves towards the earth core 7 becomes. Here, the earth core 7 is compressed and finally moved towards the target pit 33. The reaction force from that exerted on the head plate 2 Driving force is in this case via the tensioning device 22 supported on the tube 5.

If the piston rod 9 is fully extended, then the lifting cylinder 10 relieves the tensioning device 22 be solved and by acting on the cylinder 15 the jaws 12, 13 of the clamping device 11 on the Piston plate 2 pressed against the wall of tube 5. Then the piston of the cylinder 10 on the Side of the piston rod 9 pressurized, whereby the piston rod 9 is retracted into the lifting cylinder 10 becomes. Because in this process the head plate 2 through the clamping device 11 is locked, the housing of the lifting cylinder 10 together with the tensioning device 22 moved towards the head plate 2, the Slide the skids 26 along the inner wall of the tube 5. If the piston rod 9 is completely retracted, so the control process described above is repeated. This way, the newt will be 1 step by step the pipe 5 moved against the earth core 7, the earth core 7 pressed out of the tube 5 and from the pit 33 is recorded. It is for the process described irrelevant whether large stones, silty, cohesive in the core of the earth or sandy soils are stored because of the earth's core pushed from behind over the entire length of the tube being, the rate of advance of the pump power depending on the drive unit and via the Control is controllable.

Should the tube 5 be damaged by denting and therefore not be completely driven through with the newt can, the pig in the reverse driving style, i.e. Extending the piston rod 9 when the tensioning device is tensioned 11 and retracting the piston rod 9 at tensioned clamping device 22, backwards out of the Driving section are driven out.

The hydraulic control of the lifting cylinder 10 and Clamping devices 11, 22 can preferably have a Control block with integrated solenoid valves and main lines for forward and return to the control block or via a mechanically operated control block from the outside done manually. The control block can be attached to the pig 1 be arranged, the control of the solenoid valves via an electrical control line from the drive unit or a battery. When using a manually operated hydraulic steering position separate hydraulic supply lines from the steering position on the individual functional units, lifting cylinders and tensioners.

Claims (10)

1. A method for removing an earth core from a pipe laid in trench-less manner by ramming or pressing, the two ends of said pipe being free, said method introducing a go-devil at one pipe end and said go-devil being moved longitudinally through the pipe and forcing the earth core out of the other pipe end,
      characterized in that
   the advance of the go-devil (1) takes place step by step through a length-variable actuator (10) braced against the inside wall (4) of the pipe (5), the actuator (10) after each extension stroke being returned into its initial position and its bracing-position being reset in the direction of advance by the amount of the step taken.
2. A go-devil for implementing the method defined in claim 1,
      characterized in that
   the go-devil (1) is composed of a head plate (2), a length-variable actuator (10) and bracing systems (11, 22), where the head plate (2) is linked to one end of the actuator (10) and to a first bracing system (11) and the other end of the actuator (10) is linked to a second bracing system (22), the bracing systems (11, 22) being alternatively moved into a bracing position wherein they can be forced against the inside wall (4) of a pipe or in a disengaged position wherein they are away from the inside wall (4) of the pipe (5), and where the actuator (10) and the bracing systems (11, 22) are driven by remote-controlled, hydraulic or electric drives.
3. Go-devil defined in claim 2, characterized in that the actuator (10) is in the form of a double-acting, hydraulically loaded actuator cylinder (10) affixed by an end formed by the plunger rod (9) or the cylinder housing (16) to the head plate (2) and by the other end to the second bracing system (22).
4. Go-devil defined in either of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the bracing systems (11, 22) comprise radially displaceable bracing jaws (12, 13) and bracing skids (24) resp. resting on the head plate (2) or the actuator (10) and each can be forced radially outward by an associated hydraulically driven cylinder against the inside wall (4) of the pipe (5).
5. Go-devil defined in one of claims 2 through 4, characterized in that the first bracing system (11) comprises two radially displaceable bracing jaws (12, 13) in the manner of an inside shoe brake, said jaws being rotatably supported by one end on a pin (14) affixed to the head plate (2) and their opposite ends be movable apart by means of a spreading device.
6. Go-devil defined in claim 5, characterized in that the spreading device is in the form of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (15) mounted between the ends of the bracing jaws (12, 13) and linked by kinematic linkages to the ends of the bracing jaws (12, 13).
7. Go-devil defined in one of claims 2 through 6, characterized in that the second bracing system (22) comprises at least two bracing shoes (24) with bracing skids (26) running in the longitudinal direction of the go-devil (1), at least one bracing shoe (24) being radially displaceable relative to the pipe axis by means of a bracing cylinder (28) resting on the other bracing shoe (24).
8. Go-devil defined in one of claims 2 through 7, characterized in that the second bracing system (22) forms a guide through which the actuator (10) is guided along the inside wall (4) of the pipe (5).
9. Go-devil defined in either of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the bracing shoes (24) are pivotably supported on a compression plate (31) affixed to an end face of the actuator (10).
10. Go-devil defined in one of claims 7 through 9, characterized in that a ring (27) encloses the actuator (10) and radially supports the bracing cylinders (28).

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