EP0740434B1 - System for distributing satellite television signals in a community antenna system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a system for distributing signals, in particular a community antenna system for the distribution of television signals different channels according to the preamble of claim 1.

Two systems are currently used for this purpose: which are shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2:

In the first system according to the prior art, which is shown in FIG is shown, signals received by the antenna after a Reinforcement and implementation by units known per se (low noise amplifier LNA, low-noise block converter LNB) frequency-demodulated for each channel. Then the channel-specific frequency demodulated Signals are amplitude modulated in a conventional UHF television channel.

This system consists of an antenna 1, the television signals of one polarity receives, a converter 2, in particular an LNA / LNB block, and Cables 3 connecting the LNA / LNB block to a signal processing unit 400 connect. This signal processing unit 400 consists of a plurality channel-specific FM demodulators / AM modulators 19, a switching element 18, a power supply 17, connecting bridges 7, load components 8. A single distribution cable (discharge line) 13 is connected to it with decouplers 14 and user or antenna sockets 15. This The disadvantage of the system is that there is one for each satellite channel received channel-specific FM demodulator / AM modulator 19 required. Should the The number of satellite channels to be received is also increased Increase the number of FM demodulators / AM modulators required. Each individual FM demodulator / AM modulator, with both frequency demodulation as well as the amplitude modulation is carried out Relatively complex in terms of circuitry and therefore expensive. The cost of the system of Figure 1 increases significantly if the Number of satellite channels to be distributed is increased. Already in relative small community antenna installations with a small number of Users arise even with a few received satellite channels considerable cost.

Such a system is known for example from EP-A-0 2 888 928, which discloses a device with an internal unit which has an amplifier and signal converter function realized. This internal unit points several converters, each with a tuner demodulator and an encoder modulator on.

Such a system is also known from DE-A-40 12 657, wherein in the system converter, each with a tunable demodulator and an AM modulator are provided.

In the second system according to the prior art, which is shown in FIG is shown, the distribution of television satellite channels takes place up to System users without the signals being frequency demodulated and amplitude modulated beforehand will. Such a system is from the US patent 4,608,710. The signals of the television satellite channels are thus frequency modulated (e.g. in the frequency range between 950 MHz and 2050 MHz) distributed. This system according to FIG. 2 requires a difference to the system according to FIG. 1, none downstream of the LNA / LNB blocks channel individual FM demodulators / AM modulators; has this system but the disadvantage that for the distribution of the satellite channels that of two different polarities or from more than one satellite, more than one distribution cable 13 is to be installed. The installation of additional Distribution cable 13 can be in existing systems due to spatial Conditions in the buildings where the additional distribution cables are too install would be very complex or possibly excluded. Farther this prior art system requires multiple switching devices 16 to select different distribution cables and on the tapped selected distribution cable to pick up signals. The usage of these switching devices, which are connected to the distribution cables also associated with the risk that formed by the switching devices electrical switching impulses reach the distribution cable and the transmission quality the signals transmitted there deteriorate.

From DE-OS 41 17 208 A1 is a device for satellite television reception devices known, wherein television signals are processed by a parabolic antenna can be received and horizontally polarized channels and have vertically polarized channels. To avoid elaborate Wiring becomes the horizontally polarized channels and the vertically polarized channels separated from each other and block by block in separate frequency bands implemented. The blocks of channels separated in this way are opened a common line switched. The known device only allows the block-wise implementation of channels. Systems are similarly structured also from European patent application 0 597 783 and from DE-U-93 06 499 known.

From US Patent 5,073,930 is a method and a system for Receiving and distributing television signals known from satellites have been transferred. This known system is structured in such a way that low-noise amplifiers (LNA) and low-noise block converters (LNB) so-called powers splitter are connected, each transmission line at the output of a low-noise block converter (LNB) in 8 Transmission lines is split. These transmission lines will be via a connection bus network to eight satellite transponder processors guided. The satellite transponder processors each set signals Channel in a new frequency position. The satellite transponder processors are on the output side connected with transponder combination devices. The transponder combination devices then carry out those of the Satellite transponder processors formed signals ("frequency mapping "). The signals are arranged as if they were directly from the antennas of the system have been transmitted to this node would be. Furthermore, the transponder combination devices are power inserted downstream, connected on the output side with several distribution cables are. The known system is thus complex in terms of circuitry designed.

Starting from this prior art, the object of the invention based on a system for the distribution of signals of the aforementioned Specify the type that enables the distribution of a larger number of channels and is designed in a simple manner in terms of circuitry, as well as a corresponding channel-specific converter and a corresponding input device.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a system according to claim 1, solved a channel-specific converter according to claim 14 and an input device according to claim 15.

The system according to the invention is characterized by a number of advantages on. According to the invention, the user has only one distribution cable predefinable channels are provided. the individual from signals be selected by one or more antennas come. With the individual selection of channels, the demand individually by system users with regard to the reception of predeterminable channels be met. The channel-specific provided according to the invention Converter. which convert a predeterminable channel into another channel. but the system as a whole is also simple in terms of circuitry realized. The channel-specific converters are in any frequencies a specifiable frequency band adjustable. Individual signals or channels can be superimposed by other signals or channels, both the 1 overlaid as well as the overlaying signals transmitted to the user will. However, only the superimposed signals can be used by the user. The system according to the invention thus enables a modified one System users demand regarding the use of predefined channels can be met flexibly.

The system according to the invention can be used, among other things, in who already have a single distribution cable installed, or in cases where which the laying of another distribution cable due to the same circumstances would be expensive or excluded.

The system according to the invention also has channels of two polarities or from two or more satellites via a single distribution cable to user sockets transmitted, no switching devices on the distribution cable on. This means that there are no electrical switching impulses on the distribution cable coupled in, so that corresponding disturbances are excluded.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the channel-specific converter of the head device in at least a converter module are integrated, with the converter module on its input with downconverters and at its output with the Distribution cable is connected. The converter module preferably has at least two converters. the converters in the converter module are connected to each other in a chain connection (an input of a first Converter module is connected to the input of a second converter module, that is adjacent to the first converter module; an exit of the first converter module is connected to the output of the second converter module connected).

This derailleur structure is characterized by what is important in practice The advantage is that not every channel-specific converter has a separate one Cable to be connected to a down converter and beyond that not every channel-specific converter with a separate cable a mixer or adder is to be connected upstream of the distribution cable is. By using the derailleur structure on the one hand the separate cables and on the other hand the cost of their Installation saved.

In particular, the channel-specific converters or their inputs and / or their outputs by means of connecting bridges known per se connect with each other.

The system according to the invention enables processing and distribution of signals from a variety of television channels. So there are several Converter modules into which a changeable number of channel-specific Converters can be integrated, e.g. via a mixer ("9") with each other connect.

The system according to the invention can have a further mixer ("5") with at least one have two entrances. One of the inputs is with the Output of a converter module connected while another input is directly connected to a down converter of an antenna. This Mixer, the output side possibly via an amplifier with the distribution cable connected, allows more channels in the distribution cable to couple, from the first channels or signals from satellites radiated and received by parabolic antennas, as well as by second channels or signals broadcast by terrestrial transmitters and received by conventional antennas, as well as by the first and second signals.

The channel-specific converters can each have a microprocessor have, which controls at least one oscillator. The microprocessor enables an external input device to the microprocessor releasably connect and data in the converter or the microprocessor enter a predefinable input channel frequency and a predefinable Denote output channel frequency. In this way, the channel-specific converter in a particularly simple manner to a predefinable Set the input frequency and a predefinable output frequency, by which the frequency conversion of a channel is determined. The converter external input device can also be used as a remote control transmitter be designed.

The channel-specific converters have an amplifier with a controllable Profit on being a mixer ("5") with at least two inputs Signals from different channels of the same frequency with different Signal levels are supplied. This makes it easy to do different things Overlay ducts on the distribution cable. In the case of the invention The signal level difference of at least 15 dB can be overlaid Channels in the devices that can be connected to the user sockets display in good reception quality.

The properties of the invention shown and other properties and advantages will now be described with reference to the drawings in which Embodiments of the invention are shown.

Fig. 1 und 2

Signalverteilsysteme nach dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 3

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des Signalverteilsystems gemäß der Erfindung;

Fig. 4 - 6

Ausführungsbeispiele von Signalverarbeitungseinheiten eines erfindungsgemäßen Signalverteilsystems nach Figur 3;

Fig. 7

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines kanalindividuellen Konverters in einer Signalverarbeitungseinheit nach den Figuren 3 - 6;

Fig. 8

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Mischers, der in einer Signalverarbeitungseinheit nach den Figuren 3 - 6 mindestens einem kanalindividuellen Konverter nachgeschaltet ist;

Fig. 9

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Signalverteilsystems mit ausgewählten Schaltungspunkten, und

Figur 10

Diagramme von Kanalsignalfrequenzen an den Schaltungspunkten des erfindungsgemäßen Signalverteilsystems nach Figur 9.

It shows:

1 and 2

Signal distribution systems according to the prior art;

Fig. 3

a first embodiment of the signal distribution system according to the invention;

4 - 6

Embodiments of signal processing units of a signal distribution system according to the invention according to Figure 3;

Fig. 7

an embodiment of a channel-specific converter in a signal processing unit according to Figures 3-6;

Fig. 8

an embodiment of a mixer, which is connected in a signal processing unit according to Figures 3-6 at least one channel-specific converter;

Fig. 9

an embodiment of a signal distribution system according to the invention with selected circuit points, and

Figure 10

Diagrams of channel signal frequencies at the circuit points of the signal distribution system according to the invention according to FIG. 9.

The signal distribution system shown in the drawings, as also in Fig. 3 is composed of three blocks A, B and C. Block A is a signaling device, block B is a head device with a Signal processing unit and block C represents the distribution network.

1. Block A ist eine Signalgebereinrichtung, die aus mindestens einer Antenne 1 sowie aus bekannten Abwärtsumsetzern 2 (low-noise amplifier LNA, low-noise block converter LNB) besteht. Die empfangenen Signale können von verschiedenen Rundfunk- und/oder Fernmeldesatelliten stammen und/oder verschiedene Polaritäten (horizontal, vertikal) aufweisen. Die Abwärtsumsetzer 2 setzen die empfangenen Signale in an sich bekannter Weise aus dem Empfangsfrequenzbereich von z.B. 11,7 - 12,5 GHz; 10,7 - 11,7 GHz; 12,5 - 12,75 GHz oder vorzugsweise 10,7 - 12,5 GHz in einen Zwischenfrequenzbereich von z.B. 950 - 1760 MHz oder vorzugsweise 950 MHz und 2050 MHz um;

2. Block B ist eine Kopfeinrichtung mit einer Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 400, in der kanalindividuelle Konverter 4 angeordnet sind. Die kanalindividuellen Konverter 4 werden noch detailliert insbesondere anhand von Figur 7 beschrieben. Verschiedene Ausgestaltungen der Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 400 sind in den Figuren 3, 4, 5 und 6 dargestellt;

3. Das Verteilungsnetz C weist ein einziges Verteilkabel 13 auf, über das die Signale über Abgreif- bzw. Ableiteinrichtungen 14 bis zu Benutzersteckdosen 15 übertragen werden.

Blocks A, B and C are designed as follows:

1. Block A is a signal transmitter device, which consists of at least one antenna 1 and known down-converter 2 (low-noise amplifier LNA, low-noise block converter LNB). The received signals can originate from different radio and / or telecommunications satellites and / or have different polarities (horizontal, vertical). The downconverters 2 set the received signals in a manner known per se from the reception frequency range of, for example, 11.7-12.5 GHz; 10.7-11.7 GHz; 12.5 - 12.75 GHz or preferably 10.7 - 12.5 GHz in an intermediate frequency range of, for example, 950 - 1760 MHz or preferably 950 MHz and 2050 MHz;

2. Block B is a head device with a signal processing device 400, in which channel-specific converters 4 are arranged. The channel-specific converters 4 are described in detail, in particular with reference to FIG. 7. Different configurations of the signal processing device 400 are shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6;

3. The distribution network C has a single distribution cable 13, via which the signals are transmitted via tapping or derivation devices 14 to user sockets 15.

Block A of the system according to the invention, i.e. the signaling device, as shown for example in Fig. 3, consists of antennas 1, the the signals from television channels that are transmitted via satellites, receive. If the antennas are parabolic antennas, the focus is on each an antenna 1, a down converter 2 is arranged, which the received signals in a conventional manner from the satellite television reception frequency range from e.g. 10.7 - 12.5 GHz in the intermediate frequency range between 950 MHz and 2050 MHz (usually as "first intermediate frequency") implement. Such downconverters 2 with an amplifier LNA and a channel block converter LNB known and available on the market.

Each antenna 1 has. one or two down converter 2 (or one Down converter with two outputs) depending on whether Receive signals of one or two polarities (horizontal, vertical) per antenna should be. The antenna 1 receives signals of one polarity a down converter 2 is provided; the antenna 1 receives signals from two Polarities, two downconverters 2 are provided.

The downconverters 2 are each connected to a cable 3 on the output side. Introduce in different embodiments of the invention or more cables 3, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 the signal processing unit 400 with at least one individual channel Converter 4. It can also be provided that one or more cables 3, as shown in Figures 3, 6 and 9, to a ("second") mixer 5 lead of a channel-specific converter 4 or a converter module 40 connected with at least one channel-specific converter 4 is.

The channel-specific converters 4 of the head device B are preferred integrated in at least one converter module 40, the converter module 40 at its entrance via a cable 3 with a down converter (LNA / LNB) 2 and at its output with the distribution cable 13 (coaxial cable) is connectable. The distribution cable 13 is preferably at the outlet an amplifier 6 connected, which is connected downstream of the ("second") mixer 5 can be.

Each channel-specific converter 4, its circuitry structure is explained in detail with reference to Figure 7, has two inputs and two outputs on.

As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9, the channels are individual Converter 4 of a converter module 40 connected to one another in the manner that an input (e.g. EC1 in Figure 7) of a first converter module with the input (e.g. EC2) of a second one (not shown in FIG. 7) Converter module, which is adjacent to the first converter module connected is. There is also an output (e.g. SC1) of the first converter module with the Output (z.V. SC2) of the second converter module connected (chain connection).

This derailleur structure is characterized by the practically important The advantage is that not every channel-specific converter 4 has a separate one Cable 3 is to be connected to a down converter 2 and that in addition not every channel-specific converter 4 with a separate cable to connect a ("second") mixer (5) upstream of the distribution cable 13 is.

It can be provided that each of the two inputs is e.g. via a known connecting bridge 7 with an input of an upstream channel-specific converter 4 or with the input of a downstream channel-specific converter 4 is connected. Likewise can with regard to the outputs, it should be provided that each of the two outputs e.g. each via a known connecting bridge 7 with an output an upstream channel-specific converter 4 or with the output a downstream channel-specific converter 4. Preferably an identical housing for each channel-specific converter 4 provided, that is, a housing of the same spatial dimensions which places the input and output ports in the same locations are. This enables the use of identical connecting bridges 7, each with either an electrical connection between two Inputs or between two outputs.

Furthermore, it can be provided that an input of a converter 4 (first Converter 4 of a converter module 40, which in Figures 4 and 5, respectively is drawn on the right in a converter module) with a cable 3, which those generated by the downconverters 2 or in the intermediate frequency range transmits converted signals, is connected. An entrance a converter 4 (last converter 4 of a converter module 40, which 4 and 5 is shown on the left) with a feed source 11 connected, the converter 4 and one per signal processing unit 400 provided amplifier 12 supplied.

These channel-specific converters 4 take those on the input side Down converter 2 output and transmitted via the cable 3 signals or channels in the intermediate frequency range and set the signals or Channels in the intermediate frequency range around, as with reference to Figures 9 and 10 is described.

Inputs of the channel-specific converter 4, which are not connected to the input of an adjacent converter or to which no cable 3 with an ohmic resistance 8 of 75 ohms be completed (see FIG. 3, block B, reference number 8 above the Converter 4; right converter module 40 in FIG. 5; Figure 9, reference numerals 8 above the converter 4).

Likewise, outputs of the channel-specific converters 4 can be used with one Ohmic resistance 8 of 75 ohms can be completed (see FIG. 3, Block B, reference number 8 below the converter 4; right and left Converter module 40 in FIG. 5; Figures 6 and 9, reference numeral 8 below the converter 4). These are in particular the outcome of a (with regard to the Signal flow) first converter 4 in a first converter module (right Converter module in Figure 5) and the output of a (in terms of Signal flow) last converter 4 in a last converter module (left Converter module in Figure 5).

A channel is selected with each channel-specific converter 4 and from an input frequency in the intermediate frequency range to a specifiable one Output frequency implemented in the intermediate frequency range.

As already described. can have a number of channel-specific converters 4, at least two, preferably four converters 4 in one converter module 40 can be integrated. Two neighboring modules are over one ("First") mixer 9 can be combined with one another.

The output of the first mixer 9 is connected by means of a connecting cable 10 introduced into the arrangement of supply source 11 and amplifier 12. The amplified signal is fed to the second mixer 5.

The channel-specific converter 4 is preferably configured as follows: Input side Frequency range 950 ... 1950 (or 2050) MHz Input level - 50 ... -30 dBm Mirror selection (image frequency rejection) ≥ 40 dB Intermediate frequency 479.5 MHz Bandwidth 27 MHz Looping input losses <1.2 dB Output side Frequency range 950 ... 1950 (or 2050) MHz Max. Output level - 25 ± 5 dBm Output level control range 15 dB Bandwidth 27 MHz Loop-through output losses <1.2 dB Noise level > - 20 dBc

The feed source 11 is preferably configured as follows: Mains voltage 230V ± 15% Output voltage 15V / 5V Intermediate frequency loop-through losses <1.2 dB

The amplifier 12 is preferably configured as follows: Bandwidth 950 ... 2050 MHz Profit 23 ... 33 dB Max. Output level for two channels 115 dBµV / 6 dBm

The first mixer 9 is preferably configured as follows: Bandwidth 950 ... 2050 MHz Insertion loss <4 dB Rejection between inputs 15 dB

As shown in FIG. 6, first signals that a converter module 40 forms (input E1), as well as second signals from the down converters 2 are formed (input E2), as well as third signals from antennas the signals received by terrestrial transmitters, the second Mixer 5 are fed. The output side of this mixer 5 is Distribution cable 13 connected. Alternatively, it is provided that the mixer 5 an amplifier 6 is connected downstream, on the output side of the distribution cable 13 is connected.

As shown in Fig. 3, the distribution network C consists of a single one Distribution cable 13 on which all channels that are FM-modulated are transmitted will. The distribution cable 13 is formed and leads by a coaxial cable to diverters 14 which send the signal to various user sockets 15 uncouple.

FIG. 4 shows a signal processing unit 400 with a converter module 400 shown, which consists of four channel-specific converters 4, while in Figure 5 a signal processing unit 400 with two converter modules 400 is shown, each consisting of four channel-specific converters 4 exist.

In the system according to the invention, the number of channel-specific converters is 4 is equal to the number of channels that are coupled into the distribution cable 13 and transmitted to the user sockets 15 via the discharge devices 14 will. The channel-specific converters are at predefinable input frequencies in the intermediate frequency range and on predefinable output frequencies adjustable in the intermediate frequency range.

An exemplary embodiment of a channel-specific converter 4 is shown in FIG. Two inputs EC1 and EC2 are electrically connected to one another and via a directional coupler 41 to and an amplifier 42. The inputs EC1 and EC2 are designed mechanically in such a way that known connecting bridges (7 in FIG. 4) can be used for connection to an input of an adjacent channel-specific converter. In this way, several channel-specific converters can be integrated into one converter module.
This form of connection therefore consists in that each of the two inputs EC1, EC2 is connected, for example in each case via a known connecting bridge, to an input of an upstream channel-specific converter 4 or to the input of a downstream channel-specific converter 4. Likewise, each of the two outputs SC1, SC2 of the converter 4 is connected, for example in each case via a known connecting bridge, to an output of an upstream channel-specific converter 4 or to the output of a downstream channel-specific converter 4. This form of connection has the advantage that distribution devices, which would otherwise have to be connected downstream of the downconverters 2, and connecting cables between these distribution devices and channel-specific converters are not required.

The amplifier 42 amplifies the supplied signals e.g. in the frequency band from 950 to 2050 MHz. The signals become an input Tracking filter 43 supplied. This filter is a bandpass filter, that to the selected input channel frequency by means of a voltage is tuned by a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit 46 is formed. The circuit 46 is operated by a microprocessor (MP) 49 controlled.

A mixer 44 connected downstream of the after-filter 43 is operated by one local oscillator (OL) 45 driven, which in turn from the PLL circuit 46 is controlled. The mixer 44 sets the at the inputs EC1 and EC2 pending frequency of the selected channel to a frequency of 479.5 MHz around.

The signal formed by the mixer 44 is fed to a low-pass filter 47, whose cut-off frequency is, for example, 600 MHz. So that will be Signal of the local oscillator 45 and undesirable formed during the mixing process Signals eliminated.

The signal is then processed using a surface acoustic wave filter Filtered SAW 50, e.g. a bandwidth of 27 MHz at a center frequency of 479.5 MHz. The SAW surface wave filter before or. downstream amplifiers 48 and 51 increase the signal level so that the losses caused by the SAW filter 50 are compensated for.

The mixer 52 connected downstream of the amplifier 51 mixes the signal of the signal selected at the input with a frequency of 479.5 MHz Signal generated by a local oscillator (OL) 53. The local one Oscillator is controlled by a PLL circuit 54. The PLL circuit 54 is also controlled by the microprocessor 49. The mixer 52 is an output-side tracking filter 55 downstream, which like that Filter 43 is a bandpass filter. The filter 55 eliminates the unwanted Signals formed when mixing is performed by mixer 52 will. The signal of frequency is then at the output of filter 55 converted channel, which is fed to an amplifier 56.

The gain of amplifier 56 is controllable, so that the level of the frequency converted channel signal are set to predetermined values can (see e.g. channels 1 and 5 in Figure 8)

A downstream directional coupler 57 couples the amplified signal the outputs SC1, SC2. The outputs SC1 and SC2 are mechanically in designed in such a way that known connecting bridges (7 in Figure 4) for Connection to one output of a neighboring individual channel Converter can be used.

As shown in Figure 7, the converter 4 can be a microprocessor 49, which controls the PLL circuits 46 and 54 and the input and Output frequency of the channel signal of the converter 4 is determined. Farther the microprocessor 49 can control the amplifier 56. To the microprocessor 49 can e.g. an input unit 16 via a 4-cable bus are turned on, in the microprocessor 49, the data one Predefinable input and output frequency and / or control data for the Amplifiers 56 (signal amplification parameters) can be entered.

The input unit 16 can be a control unit 162 (in particular a microprocessor MP), with a program assigned to the control unit 162 e.g. depending on the limit frequencies of the respective intermediate frequency range (950 MHz, 2050 MHz), of channel bandwidths and Channel spacing and signal level of the channel signals data forms the predetermined comply with technical specifications and those in the microprocessor 49 of the channel-specific converter 4 can be entered. The input unit 16 includes a keyboard 161, the controller 162 and one Display 163. The keyboard 161 is entered on the display Data, prompt information, and information displayed that the State of the converter after its setting by the entered Label data. The input unit 16 can be used as a remote control transmitter be configured in a transmission device which transmits the data to be input to a Receiving device that transmits with the microprocessor 49 of the individual channel Converter is connected.

FIG. 8 shows a second mixer 5, which is also in FIG. 3, block B. is shown. The second mixer 5 has e.g. three inputs E1, E2, E3 and an output S to which the distribution cable 13 is connected. The Distribution cable 13 is preferably a coaxial cable, but it can also be one Glass fiber can be provided.

The input E1 is directly via a cable with one or more converter modules 40 connected; A cable 3 is connected directly to the input E2 a down converter (2 in Figure 3) connected during the input E3 connected to a system for receiving terrestrial channels is.

As is shown by way of example in FIG. 8, signals of channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which originate from a satellite and have a bandwidth of 27 MHz, and, as described, from channel-specific converters in Frequency band between 950 and 2050 MHz were implemented.
Signals of channels 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, which originate from a satellite, have a bandwidth of 27 MHz and, as described, from channel-specific converters in the frequency band between 950 and 2050 are fed to input E2 MHz were implemented.

There are 6 terrestrial television channels with 8 MHz bandwidth at input E3 in the frequency band between 47 and 860 MHz.

The signals of the channels pending at input E1 are used by the channel-specific converters 4 supplied in which the frequency conversion and the formation of the respective levels with regard to the coupling of the Signals via the mixer output S into the distribution cable 13.

Channels 2, 4 and 6, which are pending at input E1, were in the channel-specific converters 4 implemented in terms of frequency that none Channels of the same frequencies are present at input E2. Channels 1 and 3 at input E1 are in frequencies between the unwanted Channels 7 and 8 or 9 and 10, which are pending at the input E2, arranged. The signal or power level of channel 1 is at a value of at least 15 dB above the corresponding level of channels 7 and 8 set; and the signal or power level of channel 3 is at one Value of at least 15 dB above the corresponding level of the channels 9 and 10 set.

Channel 5 of input E1 is arranged at the same frequency as the unwanted channel 12, which is present at input E2, the Signal or power level of channel 5 at least 20 dB above the corresponding level of the channel 12.

• im Frequenzband zwischen 47 und 860 MHz sind am Ausgang S dieselben Kanäle in derselben Frequenzposition und mit denselben Pegeln vorhanden wie am Eingang E3;
• im Frequenzband zwischen 950 und 2050 MHz werden am Ausgang S die Kanäle 7 und 8 des Eingangs E2 vom Kanal 1 des Eingangs E1 überlagert. Da der Kanal 1 auf einen Signalpegel gesetzt ist, der wenigstens 15 dB oberhalb der Pegel der Kanäle 7 und 8 liegt, ist für den Systembenutzer nur Kanal 1 sichtbar, ohne daß die Kanäle 7 und 8 Störungen erzeugen.
  Ebenso werden am Ausgang S die Kanäle 9 und 10 des Eingangs E2 vom Kanal 3 des Eingangs E1 überlagert.
  Außerdem ist in das Verteilkabel 13 am Ausgang S der Kanal 5 des Eingangs E1 in der Frequenzposition des Kanals 12 des Eingangs E2 eingekoppelt, wobei Kanal 5 den Kanal 12 überlagert, da der Signalpegel von Kanal 5 mindestens 20 dB oberhalb des Kanals 12 liegt.
  Außerdem sind in das Verteilkabel 13 der Kanal 4 (ursprünglich am Eingang E1) zwischen die Kanäle 3 (ursprünglich am Eingang E1) und 11 (ursprünglich am Eingang E2) eingekoppelt und der Kanal 6 (ursprünglich am Eingang E1) ist zwischen die Kanäle 13 (ursprünglich am Eingang E2) und 14 (ursprünglich am Eingang E2) eingekoppelt. Die Kanäle 4 und 6 werden also frequenzmäßig in am Eingang E2 freie Frequenzpositionen eingefügt.

The level difference (at least 15 dB or at least 20 dB) depends on the frequencies of the superimposed channel and the frequency of the channel or channels to be superimposed: if the frequency is different (cf. at least 15 dB; at the same frequency (see channel 5, channel 12 superimposed) the level difference is at least 20 dB.
The channels designed in this way with regard to frequency and level at the inputs E1, E2 and E3 of the mixer 5 are coupled into the distribution cable 13 by the mixer at the output S in the arrangement shown in FIG. 8:

• in the frequency band between 47 and 860 MHz, the same channels are present at the output S in the same frequency position and at the same levels as at the input E3;
• In the frequency band between 950 and 2050 MHz, channels 7 and 8 of input E2 are superimposed on channel S of input E1 at output S. Since channel 1 is set to a signal level that is at least 15 dB above the level of channels 7 and 8, only channel 1 is visible to the system user without channels 7 and 8 generating interference.
  Likewise, channels 9 and 10 of input E2 are superimposed on channel S of input E1 at output S.
  In addition, channel 5 of input E1 is coupled into the distribution cable 13 at output S in the frequency position of channel 12 of input E2, channel 5 being superimposed on channel 12 since the signal level of channel 5 is at least 20 dB above channel 12.
  In addition, channel 4 (originally at input E1) is coupled into distribution cable 13 between channels 3 (originally at input E1) and 11 (originally at input E2) and channel 6 (originally at input E1) is between channels 13 ( originally coupled in at input E2) and 14 (originally at input E2). Channels 4 and 6 are thus inserted in frequency into free frequency positions at input E2.

In total, the channels are in the frequency band from 47 to 860 MHz and channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 5, 13, 6 and 14 in the 950 frequency band up to 2050 MHz made available to the system user. Also be transmit channels 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12 on distribution cable 13; this are overlaid, however, so that they are not available to the system user be put. With the signal level difference provided according to the invention The overlapping channels can be set to at least 15 dB the end devices that can be connected to the user sockets in good reception quality represent.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the system according to the invention, which is also shown in Figure 3. It is assumed that Receive signals from different TV channels and process them further be that of three satellites of different orbital positions with horizontal and vertical position. In that shown in Fig. 9 system according to the invention are circuit points d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, and o specified.

FIG. 10 shows the channels at the circuit points shown in FIG. 9 d - o.

At points d, e and f of FIG. 9, the signals are present which are from with each satellite in a frequency band between 10.7 - 12.5 GHz horizontal and vertical polarity can be received.

As shown in Fig. 10, are at the switching point d (parabolic antenna on the left in FIG. 9) the channels 70, 72 92 in vertical polarity and channels 71, 93 93 in horizontal polarity. At the circuit point e (middle dish antenna in FIG. 9) are channels 65, ..., 69 in just one polarity. At node f (parabolic antenna on the right in Figure 9) are the channels 49, 51, ... 63; 33, 35, ... 47; 1, 3, ... 31 in vertical polarity and channels 50, 52, ... 64; 34, 36, ... 48; 2, 4, ..., 32 in horizontal polarity.

Each down converter 2 (Fig. 9) selects and sets a polarity Frequency band from 10.9 - 12.5 GHz in the frequency band from 950-2050 MHz in such a way that in each cable 3 at the switching points g, h, i, j, k the channels are present that go to the same satellites and to belong to the same polarity.

As shown in FIG. 10, the channels 70, 72, ... 92, on, at node h, channels 71, 73, ... 93, at node i channels 65 - 69, at switching point j channels 49, 51 ... 63, 33 .... 47, 1, 3, ... 31 and channels 50, 52 ... 64 at node k; 34, 36, ... 48; 2, 4 ... 32.

From all available channels at the switching points d - k desired channels selected. For example, those at node k existing channels 60, 36, 44, 2, 6, 12, 18 and 24 no longer processed, while instead those at nodes g, h, i, j, upcoming channels 65, 72, 68, 82, 77, 17, 89 and 41 processed further will.

For this purpose, converter modules 40 are provided at the circuit points g, h, i, j provided, the channel-specific converter 4 of the modules 40 to the Input frequencies of each of the selected channels and on the output frequencies, on which the channels are to be arranged will. These output frequencies are occupied frequencies undesirable, channels to be superimposed or free frequencies.

At the output of each converter module 40 according to the invention Channels are provided that face a different frequency position the frequency position at the input of the modules.

As can be seen from FIG. 10, the channels appear at node i 72, 82, 77 and 89 in a frequency position that is different from the frequency position of the channels at the switching points g and h differs. At node m, there are channels 65, 68, 17 and 41 that of the circuit points i and j, also in different frequency positions come. After the channels have been mixed in the mixer 9 have been subjected to node n, as shown in FIG. 10 is shown, all selected channels from the circuit points g, h, i and j originate in frequency positions that differ from the differentiate original frequency positions. These channels are over the power source 11 is inserted into the amplifier 12, which is the signal level of the Channels reinforced. Then in the mixer 5 the channels that are in the circuit point n are present with the channels which are present at node k, mixed. In this mixing process, the channels that are on the circuit point n, the channels of the same frequency that are at the node k concern, superimposed.

The channels at node n have a higher signal level of at least 15, but preferably 18 to 20 dB above the signal levels of the To have channels at node k to be overlaid. With This level difference ensures that the channel is another Channel superimposed without interference from the channel being received has been overlaid.

After the mixing process in the second mixer 5 has been obtained one or more channels shown in FIG. 10, these Channels can then be distributed via the single distribution cable 13. In this 10, the channel 65 becomes the case Channel 60 superimposed (cf. larger amplitude of 65 compared to 60), the Channel 72 to channel 36, channel 68 to channel 44, channel 82 to Channel 2, channel 77 to channel 6, channel 17 to channel 12, channel 89 channel 18 and channel 41 channel 24.

According to the invention it is therefore provided that signals, in particular via satellites transmitted television signals of different channels in a common antenna system be distributed. The signals are in one Signal generator device A received and the received signals of a certain Polarity (H, V) from a receive frequency band into signals in implemented an intermediate frequency band. The in the intermediate frequency band converted signals are processed and the processed signals are via a single distribution cable 13 in the intermediate frequency band to user sockets 15 transferred. Individual channels that can be specified are in the intermediate frequency band converted to other channels in the intermediate frequency band.

First channels implemented in the intermediate frequency band are used with second ones Channels mixed in the intermediate frequency band and the first and second Channels are transmitted via the distribution cable 13. In particular, be for two channels of the same frequency converted into the intermediate frequency band different signal levels are formed, the signal level of the signals different channels by at least 15 dB.

Reference list

A

Signaling device

B

Head device

C.

Distribution network

EC1, EC2

Inputs of 4

SC1, SC2

Outputs from 4

OIL

local oscillator 45, 53 (in 4)

1

antenna

2nd

Down converter LNA / LNB

3rd

electric wire

4th

channel individual converter

41, 57

Directional coupler

42

amplifier

43, 55

Follow-up filter

44, 52

mixer

45, 53

local oscillator OL

46, 54

PLL circuit

47

Low pass

48, 51

amplifier

49

microprocessor

50

SAW filter

40

Converter module

400

Signal processing device

5

second mixer

6

amplifier

7

Connecting bridge

8th

load

9

first mixer

10th

connection cable

11

Food source

12th

amplifier

13

Distribution cable (derivation)

14

Drainage devices

15

User sockets

16

Input unit

161

keyboard

162

Control unit

163

Display

Claims (15)

1. System for distributing signals, particularly a community antenna system for distributing television signals from different channels which, in particular, are transmitted via satellites, the system exhibiting

   a signal acquisition device (A) having at least one antenna (1) which receives signals, and at least one down converter (LNA/LNB 2) which converts received signals of a particular polarity (H, V) from a received frequency band into signals in an intermediate-frequency band,

   a head device (B) which follows the signal acquisition device (A) and which exhibits at least one signal processing unit (400), the input of which is connected via a cable (3) to the down converter (LNA/LNB 2) and the output of which can be connected to a single distribution cable (13) via which the processed signals in the intermediate-frequency band are transmitted to user sockets (15),
   the signal processing unit (400) of the head device (B) exhibiting channel-associated converters (4), each channel-associated converter (4) converting a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band, characterized in that the channel-associated converter (4) exhibits a controllable amplifier (56) by means of which television signals supplied to the channel-associated converter (4) are amplified and in that the system exhibits a device (5) which superimposes the television signals amplified by the controllable amplifier (56) of the channel-associated converter (4) on other television signals which are supplied to the device (5).
2. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the channel-associated converter (4) exhibits a microprocessor (49) which controls the amplifier (56).
3. System according to Claim 2, characterized in that the microprocessor (49) controls the conversion of a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band.
4. System according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the microprocessor (49) of the channel-associated converter can be connected to an input device (16) external to the converter, via which data can be input which designate signal amplification parameters for controlling the amplifier (56).
5. System according to Claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the microprocessor (49) of the channel-associated converter can be connected to an input device (16) external to the converter, via which data can be input which designate a presettable input signal frequency of a channel to be converted and a presettable output signal frequency of a converted channel.
6. System according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the input device (16) external to the converter exhibits a controller (162).
7. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that channel-associated converters (4) of the head device (B) are integrated in at least one converter module (40) and in that the converter module (40) can be connected at its input to the down converters (LNA/LNB2) via the cable (3) and at its output to the distribution cable (13).
8. System according to Claim 7, characterized in that the converter module (40) exhibits at least two channel-associated converters (4) and in that the channel-associated converters (4) in the converter module (40) are connected to one another in such a manner that one input (EC1) of a first channel-associated converter is connected to one input (EC2) of a second channel-associated converter which is located next to the first channel-associated converter and in that one output (SC1) of the first channel-associated converter is connected to one output (SC2) of the second channel-associated converter.
9. System according to Claim 8, characterized in that the connection of the inputs of two adjacent channel-associated converters (4) and/or the connection of the outputs of two adjacent channel-associated converters (4) is implemented by links (7).
10. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channel-associated converter (4) exhibits a tracking filter (43, 55) at the input end and/or at the output end.
11. System according to one of Claims 7 - 10, characterized in that a number of converter modules (40) are connected to a first mixer (9), the output of which can be connected to the distribution cable (13) via a power supply source (11).
12. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system exhibits a second mixer (5) having at least two inputs (E1, E2, E3), in that one of the inputs (E1) can be connected to the output of the converter module (40), in that a second input (E2, E3) can be connected to a down converter (LNA/LNB 2) and in that the second mixer (5) exhibits an output (S) to which the distribution cable (13) can be connected.
13. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal levels of television signals of different channels which are superimposing and subject to superimposition differ by at least 15 dB.
14. Channel-associated converter (4) in a system for distributing signals, particularly a community antenna system for distributing television signals from different channels which, in particular, are transmitted via satellites, the system exhibiting

    a signal acquisition device (A) having at least one antenna (1) which receives signals, and at least one down converter (LNA/LNB 2) which converts received signals of a particular polarity (H, V) from a received frequency band into signals in an intermediate-frequency band,

    a head device (B) which follows the signal acquisition device (A) and which exhibits at least one signal processing unit (400), the input of which is connected via a cable (3) to the down converter (LNA/LNB 2) and the output of which can be connected to a single distribution cable (13) via which the processed signals in the intermediate-frequency band are transmitted to user sockets (15),
    the signal processing unit (400) of the head device (B) exhibiting channel-associated converters (4), each channel-associated converter (4) converting a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band, characterized in that the channel-associated converter (4) exhibits a controllable amplifier (56) by means of which television signals supplied to the channel-associated converter (4) are amplified and in that the system exhibits a device (5) which superimposes the television signals amplified by the controllable amplifier (56) of the channel-associated converter (4) on other television signals which are supplied to the device (5).
15. Input device (16) for inputting data in a channel-associated converter (4) of a system for distributing signals, particularly a community antenna system for distributing television signals from different channels which, in particular, are transmitted via satellites, the system exhibiting

    a signal acquisition device (A) having at least one antenna (1) which receives signals, and at least one down converter (LNA/LNB 2) which converts received signals of a particular polarity (H, V) from a received frequency band into signals in an intermediate-frequency band,

    a head device (B) which follows the signal acquisition device (A) and which exhibits at least one signal processing unit (400), the input of which is connected via a cable (3) to the down converter (LNA/LNB 2) and the output of which can be connected to a single distribution cable (13) via which the processed signals in the intermediate-frequency band are transmitted to user sockets (15),
    the signal processing unit (400) of the head device (B) exhibiting channel-associated converters (4), each channel-associated converter (4) converting a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band, characterized in that the channel-associated converter (4) exhibits a controllable amplifier (56) by means of which television signals supplied to the channel-associated converter are amplified, in that the channel-associated converter (4) can be connected to a device (5) which superimposes the television signals amplified by the controllable amplifier (56) of the channel-associated converter on other television signals which are supplied to the device (5), in that the channel-associated converter exhibits a microprocessor (49) which controls the amplifier (56) and/or the conversion of a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band and in that the input device (16) exhibits a controller (162) which is constructed in such a manner that data which designate signal amplification parameters for controlling the amplifier (56) and/or which designate the conversion of a presettable channel in the intermediate-frequency band into another channel in the intermediate-frequency band can be input into the microprocessor (49).

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