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EP0692420A1 - Articulated vehicle with two-wheeled running gear - Google Patents

Articulated vehicle with two-wheeled running gear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0692420A1
EP0692420A1 EP95110264A EP95110264A EP0692420A1 EP 0692420 A1 EP0692420 A1 EP 0692420A1 EP 95110264 A EP95110264 A EP 95110264A EP 95110264 A EP95110264 A EP 95110264A EP 0692420 A1 EP0692420 A1 EP 0692420A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
vehicle
springs
vehicle parts
secondary springs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95110264A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0692420B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Jakob
Johannes Dr.-Ing. Nicolin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Talbot & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Waggonfabrik Talbot GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0692420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0692420A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61DBODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/10Articulated vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00Types of bogies
    • B61F3/12Types of bogies specially modified for carrying adjacent vehicle bodies of articulated trains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/22Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
    • B61F5/24Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an articulated vehicle with a two-wheel drive with the features of the preamble of claim 1. These features are known from DE 28 28 421 C2.
  • the vehicle parts are each articulated via a pivot to the frame of the two-wheel drive carrying both ends of the car. Secondary springs are provided on both sides of each trunnion for lateral support of the vehicle parts.
  • the only direct connection between the two vehicle parts is a short handlebar, which extends horizontally in the transverse direction between two end-mounted drawbar arms fixed to the vehicle.
  • an articulated goods train wagon with a single intermediate axle in which two vehicle half frames, which are directly coupled to one another by a ball joint, are supported directly on the primary suspension of the individual wheel set by means of spring brackets and bracket hangers.
  • the goal is a radial adjustment of the intermediate axis in track arches.
  • no secondary suspension is provided for freight car drives.
  • a two-wheel drive described in DE 37 18 254 C2 carries a vehicle end via secondary springs and is set radially in track arches by a kinematic control device.
  • This control device comprises diagonally arranged coupling rods or ropes which couple the chassis of a vehicle in opposite directions to one another and / or a handlebar arrangement with which the angular position of a neighboring vehicle in the train set forces a turning movement of the running gear frame in track curves. Longitudinal forces between the The vehicle undercarriage and the drive frame are transmitted through a centrally arranged handlebar arrangement, which allows deflection movements between the car body and the drive frame in the vertical direction and rotation about the vertical axis.
  • a drive for a monorail articulated vehicle is known, the two trackless (rubber) support wheels of two pairs of lateral guide rollers are guided along the roadway, which set the axis of the support wheels radially in arcs.
  • the car bodies which are directly coupled to one another by a ball joint are supported on the drive by (secondary) spring elements arranged below the ball joint.
  • Parallel to the driving level the drive is connected to one of the car bodies by two triangular-shaped handlebars one above the other.
  • a vertical bearing axis is spatially defined by these links and the ball joint. The position of the car bodies relative to one another has no influence on the arc setting of the drive, because the spring elements are not or only slightly loaded in their transverse direction.
  • the invention is based on the object of further improving the guidance and the running shadow of the two-wheel drive in an articulated vehicle of the type discussed at the outset by means of a balanced load introduction within its frame.
  • the known articulated coupling causes an even distribution of the load on the secondary springs on both sides of the wheel axle or the wheel set.
  • the handlebar arrangement stabilizes the frame of the two-wheel drive against pitching vibrations around the wheel axis, but leaves its steering movements around the vertical axis and the deflection of the secondary springs unimpeded.
  • a spring force component which acts in the longitudinal direction between the two vehicle parts and the running gear frame, can further contribute to preventing the latter from torsional vibrations (roll) around the vertical axis of the wheelset or to counteract the wave movement.
  • This spring force component can advantageously be provided by inclining the secondary springs. If necessary, a Rolling damping should be provided, the damping factor of which should preferably be variable as a function of the driving speed.
  • FIG. 1 two vehicle parts 1 and 2 of a track-guided vehicle are firmly connected to one another via a ball joint 3, which as a coupling has to transmit the essential longitudinal and transverse forces between the two vehicle parts.
  • the joint shown schematically here only as a basic diagram can be implemented in any construction suitable for the purpose. A passenger transition provided in this area above the joint is omitted for the sake of simplicity.
  • a two-wheel drive 4 with a wheel set 5 runs in the middle below the joint 3 — two individual wheels can also be provided in principle — on which a drive frame 7 is supported via primary springs 6.
  • This has two outer long beams 7L, which are bent down at their ends and are provided with receptacles for secondary springs 8 designed as air springs.
  • the two vehicle parts 1 and 2 are each supported on a pair of secondary springs 8 on both sides of the joint 3. This has to ensure, in particular, that different loads of the two vehicle parts are balanced in such a way that the secondary springs are loaded in a balanced manner.
  • the air spring design it should be possible for the air spring design to allow the four air springs to communicate fluidly with one another.
  • the rigid undercarriage frame 7 is completed by at least two cross members 7Q connecting the long members 7L. These also serve as carriers for Braking devices, e.g. B. calipers for wheelset-shaft brake discs, which, however, were not shown here just like drive devices of the drive 4 for the sake of clarity.
  • Braking devices e.g. B. calipers for wheelset-shaft brake discs
  • one of the cross members 7Q is articulated on the vehicle part facing it in a manner known per se via a (parallelogram) handlebar arrangement 9 mounted in the center of the vehicle or in its longitudinal center plane so that the vehicle parts 1 and 2 can deflect in the secondary springs 8 and the drive frame 7 can adjust radially about the vertical axis in relation to the vehicle parts in curves.
  • the handlebar arrangement 9 also has to support braking reaction forces and possibly drive reaction forces.
  • the two parallel handlebars should be as long as possible to minimize longitudinal movements between the drive frame 7 and the vehicle parts.
  • the drive 4 is set radially in track curves to the bisector of the angle between the vehicle parts 1 and 2 solely by spring forces and at the same time is guided securely against rolling movements about its vertical axis.
  • the secondary springs 8 as vertically aligned suspension springs, are relatively soft in the horizontal plane - loaded under thrust. If necessary, a spring force component can therefore also be provided in the longitudinal direction of the drive frame, as can be seen from FIG. 2 .
  • the four secondary springs 8 lying under the vehicle parts 1 and 2 are only indicated as dashed circles.
  • the handlebar arrangement is located below the ball joint 3 in the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle parts and is not visible. 1, spring bearings 10 are fastened in the center to both longitudinal beams 7L of the chassis frame 7, on which pressure springs 11 are supported in pairs in the longitudinal direction, the other ends of which are supported on one of the two vehicle parts 1 and 2.
  • damping elements 12 are provided, the damping factor of which can be variably adjustable — in steps or continuously — depending on the current driving speed.
  • This can e.g. B. be performed by a proportional valve with controllable throttling action that can be activated by a controller.
  • the compression springs 11 constantly exert a force on the longitudinal members 7L of the undercarriage frame, which counteracts the anti-roll excitation and promotes the radial adjustment in the curve of the track. If the articulated vehicle equipped in this way runs on the track curve, the result is the angular position between the vehicle parts 1 and 2 or the ball joint 3, a load on the compression springs 11 on the inside of the bow and a relief of the compression springs on the outside of the bow.
  • the secondary springs 8 are also subject to a shear load. The overall acting force pairs center the chassis frame in the equilibrium position.
  • a series connection of springs 11 'and hydraulic cylinders 12' is provided on both sides of the joint, the working chambers of the cylinders 12 'being connected to one another in pairs crosswise by lines 13 and 14. If necessary, throttles 15 can be provided in the connections 13, 14 in order to influence the damping by the displacement work.
  • this spring-cylinder combination is to be designed in such a way that the joint 3 or the vehicle parts 1/2 are stabilized against one another against buckling in the driving plane or buckling vibrations. At the same time, the two-wheel drive is stabilized against vibrations around its vertical axis. At this point it would also be possible to support the cylinders on hydropneumatic spring elements, as is known in principle from transverse suspension systems between the chassis and the body. Again, dampers can be provided parallel to the springs 11 ', which are not shown here.
  • a further embodiment which is sketched in a side view in FIG. 4 analogously to FIG. 1, shows that the function of the secondary springs 8 and the compression springs 11 from FIG. 2 can also be realized by inclined secondary springs 8 ', because these have in addition to its primary supporting function also the desired force component in the rolling direction of the drive 4. It is understood that in this arrangement, too, suitable damping against roll movements of the drive frame 7 and articulated deflections of the vehicle parts 1/2 must be provided.
  • the main spring axes of the secondary springs 8 'on one side of the vehicle converge upwards.
  • all variants of the spring arrangements have in common that there is a large distance between the spring force longitudinal components and the hinge axis and the center of the wheel axis in order to keep the lever of the springs large with respect to the center of rotation of the drive frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The articulated vehicle has a spring mechanism (11,11',8') which is arranged between the running gear frame (7) and the two vehicle parts (1,2) supported by it. The spring mechanism is oriented to support and/or raise the thrust stiffness of the secondary springs in the roll direction of the running gear. Separate springs (11,11') with a horizontal force component are provided near the secondary springs (8). The secondary springs supporting the two vehicle parts may be set at an oblique angle.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Gelenkfahrzeug mit einem zweirädrigen Laufwerk mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1.
Diese Merkmale sind bekannt aus DE 28 28 421 C2. In der dort beschriebenen Verbindung zwischen zwei Fahrzeugteilen eines Gelenkfahrzeugs sind die Fahrzeugteile über je einen Drehzapfen an dem Rahmen des beide Wagenenden tragenden zweirädrigen Laufwerks angelenkt. Zur seitlichen Abstützung der Fahrzeugteile sind beidseitig jedes Drehzapfens Sekundärfedern vorgesehen. Als direkte Verbindung zwischen den beiden Fahrzeugteilen dient lediglich ein kurzer Lenker, der sich horizontal in Querrichtung zwischen zwei fahrzeugfesten endseitigen Deichselarmen erstreckt.
The invention relates to an articulated vehicle with a two-wheel drive with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
These features are known from DE 28 28 421 C2. In the connection described there between two vehicle parts of an articulated vehicle, the vehicle parts are each articulated via a pivot to the frame of the two-wheel drive carrying both ends of the car. Secondary springs are provided on both sides of each trunnion for lateral support of the vehicle parts. The only direct connection between the two vehicle parts is a short handlebar, which extends horizontally in the transverse direction between two end-mounted drawbar arms fixed to the vehicle.

Mit dieser Anordnung wird eine selbsttätige radiale Einstellung des zweirädrigen Laufwerks in Gleisbogen auf die Winkelhalbierende des Knickwinkels zwischen den beiden Fahrzeugteilen erreicht. Gerade bei Personenfahrzeugen muß aber mit erheblichen Lastunterschieden zwischen den gekuppelten Fahrzeugteilen gerechnet werden. Bei der vorstehend erwähnten Konstruktion wird in diesem ungünstigen Lastfall der Laufwerkrahmen durch die Drehzapfen unsymmetrisch einseitig belastet, da der erwähnte flachliegende Lenker keinen Lastausgleich schaffen kann.With this arrangement, an automatic radial adjustment of the two-wheel drive in a track curve to the bisector of the articulation angle between the two vehicle parts is achieved. Especially in the case of passenger vehicles, considerable differences in load between the coupled vehicle parts must be expected. In the case of the above-mentioned construction, in this unfavorable load case the drive frame is loaded asymmetrically on one side by the pivot pins, since the flat-lying handlebar mentioned cannot create load balancing.

Aus DE 24 31 422 A1 ist ein gelenkbeweglicher Güterzugwagen mit einer einzelnen Zwischenachse bekannt, bei dem sich zwei durch ein Kugelgelenk miteinander direkt gekuppelte Fahrzeug-Halbrahmen über Federböcke und Schakengehänge direkt auf die Primärfederung des einzelnen Radsatzes abstützen. Auch hier ist das Ziel eine radiale Einstellung der Zwschenachse in Gleisbögen. Bei Güterwagen-Laufwerken ist jedoch bekanntlich keine Sekundärfederung vorgesehen.From DE 24 31 422 A1, an articulated goods train wagon with a single intermediate axle is known, in which two vehicle half frames, which are directly coupled to one another by a ball joint, are supported directly on the primary suspension of the individual wheel set by means of spring brackets and bracket hangers. Here, too, the goal is a radial adjustment of the intermediate axis in track arches. As is known, however, no secondary suspension is provided for freight car drives.

Ein in DE 37 18 254 C2 beschriebenes zweirädriges Laufwerk trägt über Sekundärfedern ein Fahrzeugende und ist durch eine kinematische Steuereinrichtung radial in Gleisbögen eingestellt. Diese Steuereinrichtung umfaßt diagonal angeordnete Koppelstangen oder -seile, die die Fahrgestelle eines Fahrzeugs gegensinnig miteinander koppeln und/oder eine Lenkeranordnung, mit der in Gleisbögen die Winkelstellung eines im Zugverband benachbarten Fahrzeugs eine Wendebewegung des Laufwerkrahmens erzwingt. Längskräfte zwischen dem Fahrzeuguntergestell und dem Laufwerk-Rahmen werden durch eine mittig angeordnete Lenkeranordnung übertragen, die Einfederbewegungen zwischen dem Wagenkasten und dem Laufwerkrahmen in vertikaler Richtung sowie Rotation um die Hochachse zuläßt.A two-wheel drive described in DE 37 18 254 C2 carries a vehicle end via secondary springs and is set radially in track arches by a kinematic control device. This control device comprises diagonally arranged coupling rods or ropes which couple the chassis of a vehicle in opposite directions to one another and / or a handlebar arrangement with which the angular position of a neighboring vehicle in the train set forces a turning movement of the running gear frame in track curves. Longitudinal forces between the The vehicle undercarriage and the drive frame are transmitted through a centrally arranged handlebar arrangement, which allows deflection movements between the car body and the drive frame in the vertical direction and rotation about the vertical axis.

Aus CH-A5 676 220 ist ein Laufwerk für ein Einschienen-Gliederfahrzeug bekannt, dessen beide spurkranzlosen (Gummi-)Tragräder von zwei Paaren seitlicher Führungsrollen entlang der Fahrbahn geführt werden, die die Achse der Tragräder radial in Bögen einstellen.
Die durch ein Kugelgelenk unmittelbar miteinander gekuppelten Wagenkästen sind durch unterhalb des Kugelgelenks angeordnete (Sekundär-)Federelemente auf dem Laufwerk abgestützt. Parallel zur Fahrwegebene ist das Laufwerk durch zwei übereinanderliegende dreieckförmige Lenker mit einem der Wagenkästen verbunden.
Durch diese Lenker und das Kugelgelenk ist eine vertikale Lagerachse räumlich definiert. Die Stellung der Wagenkästen zueinander hat keinen Einfluß auf die Bogeneinstellung des Laufwerks, weil die Federelemente nicht oder nur geringfügig in ihrer Querrichtung belastet werden.
From CH-A5 676 220 a drive for a monorail articulated vehicle is known, the two trackless (rubber) support wheels of two pairs of lateral guide rollers are guided along the roadway, which set the axis of the support wheels radially in arcs.
The car bodies which are directly coupled to one another by a ball joint are supported on the drive by (secondary) spring elements arranged below the ball joint. Parallel to the driving level, the drive is connected to one of the car bodies by two triangular-shaped handlebars one above the other.
A vertical bearing axis is spatially defined by these links and the ball joint. The position of the car bodies relative to one another has no influence on the arc setting of the drive, because the spring elements are not or only slightly loaded in their transverse direction.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Gelenkfahrzeug der eingangs erörterten Bauart die Führung und die Laufeigenschatten des zweirädrigen Laufwerks durch eine ausgeglichene Lasteinleitung in dessen Rahmen weiter zu verbessern.The invention is based on the object of further improving the guidance and the running shadow of the two-wheel drive in an articulated vehicle of the type discussed at the outset by means of a balanced load introduction within its frame.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die Merkmale der Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dieses Gegenstands an.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. The features of the subclaims indicate advantageous developments of this object.

Während die selbsttätige radiale Einstellung des Laufwerkrahmens in Gleisbögen nach wie vor allein durch Federkräfte herbeigeführt wird, bewirkt die -an sich bekannte- Gelenkkuplung eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Last auf die Sekundärfedern zu beiden Seiten der Radachse bzw. des Radsatzes.
Die Lenkeranordnung stabilisiert den Rahmen des zweirädrigen Laufwerks gegen Nickschwingungen um die Radachse, läßt jedoch dessen Lenkbewegungen um die Hochachse und das Einfedern der Sekundärfedern unbehindert.
While the automatic radial adjustment of the running gear frame in track bends is still brought about solely by spring forces, the known articulated coupling causes an even distribution of the load on the secondary springs on both sides of the wheel axle or the wheel set.
The handlebar arrangement stabilizes the frame of the two-wheel drive against pitching vibrations around the wheel axis, but leaves its steering movements around the vertical axis and the deflection of the secondary springs unimpeded.

In Weiterbildung dieser Erfindung kann eine Federkraftkomponente, die zwischen beiden Fahrzeugteilen und dem Laufwerkrahmen in dessen Längsrichtung wirkt, weiter dazu beitragen, diesen an Drehschwingungen (Schlingern) um die Radsatz-Hochachse zu hindern bzw. dem Wellenlauf entgegenzuwirken. In vorteilhafter Weise kann diese Federkraftkomponente durch Schrägstellen der Sekundärfedern bereitgestellt werden. Bedarfsweise wird auch eine Schlingerdämpfung vorzusehen sein, deren Dämpfungsfaktor vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrgeschwindigkeit variabel sein sollte.In a further development of this invention, a spring force component, which acts in the longitudinal direction between the two vehicle parts and the running gear frame, can further contribute to preventing the latter from torsional vibrations (roll) around the vertical axis of the wheelset or to counteract the wave movement. This spring force component can advantageously be provided by inclining the secondary springs. If necessary, a Rolling damping should be provided, the damping factor of which should preferably be variable as a function of the driving speed.

Weitere Vorteile des Gegenstands der Erfindung gehen aus der Zeichnung von Ausführungsbeispielen und deren sich im folgenden anschließender eingehender Beschreibung hervor.Further advantages of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the drawing of exemplary embodiments and their detailed description which follows below.

Es zeigen in stark schematisierter Darstellung

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht des Gelenkbereichs eines Gelenkfahrzeugs mit einem zweirädrigen Zwischenfahrwerk unter dem Gelenk,
Figur 2
eine Draufsicht auf denselben Bereich mit in Rollrichtung des Laufwerkrahmens wirksamen Feder- und Dämpferkomponenten,
Figur 3
eine Variante für eine Schlingerdämpfung des zweirädrigen Laufwerks,
Figur 4
eine Seitenansicht analog zu Fig. 1 einer Ausführungsform, in der die Sekundärfedern selbst eine in Rollrichtung des Laufwerkrahmens wirksamen Federkomponente haben.
They show in a highly schematic representation
Figure 1
2 shows a side view of the articulated area of an articulated vehicle with a two-wheel intermediate chassis under the articulation,
Figure 2
2 shows a plan view of the same area with spring and damper components effective in the rolling direction of the drive frame,
Figure 3
a variant for a roll damping of the two-wheel drive,
Figure 4
a side view analogous to Fig. 1 of an embodiment in which the secondary springs themselves have an effective spring component in the rolling direction of the drive frame.

Gemäß Figur 1 sind zwei Fahrzeugteile 1 und 2 eines spurgeführten Fahrzeugs über ein Kugelgelenk 3 fest miteinander verbunden, das als Kupplung die wesentlichen Längs- und Querkräfte zwischen den beiden Fahrzeugteilen zu übertragen hat. Das hier nur als Prinzipbild schematisch gezeigte Gelenk kann in jeder für den Zweck geeigneten Bauart ausgeführt werden. Ein in diesem Bereich über dem Gelenk vorgesehener Passagierübergang ist zur Vereinfachung weggelassen.According to FIG. 1 , two vehicle parts 1 and 2 of a track-guided vehicle are firmly connected to one another via a ball joint 3, which as a coupling has to transmit the essential longitudinal and transverse forces between the two vehicle parts. The joint shown schematically here only as a basic diagram can be implemented in any construction suitable for the purpose. A passenger transition provided in this area above the joint is omitted for the sake of simplicity.

Mittig unter dem Gelenk 3 läuft ein zweirädriges Laufwerk 4 mit einem Radsatz 5 -es können grundsätzlich auch zwei Einzelräder vorgesehen werden-, auf dem sich über Primärfedern 6 ein Laufwerkrahmen 7 abstützt. Dieser hat zwei außenliegende Langträger 7L, die an ihren Enden nach unten abgekröpft sind und mit Aufnahmen für als Luftfedern ausgeführte Sekundärfedern 8 versehen sind. Die beiden Fahrzeugteile 1 und 2 stützen sich jeweils auf ein Paar von Sekundärfedern 8 beidseits des Gelenks 3 ab. Dieses hat insbesondere für einen Ausgleich von unterschiedlichen Beladungen der beiden Fahrzeugteile derart zu sorgen, daß die Sekundärfedern ausgeglichen belastet sind. Grundsätzlich soll es bei der Luftfederausführung möglich sein, die vier Luftfedern miteinander fluidisch kommunizieren zu lassen.A two-wheel drive 4 with a wheel set 5 runs in the middle below the joint 3 — two individual wheels can also be provided in principle — on which a drive frame 7 is supported via primary springs 6. This has two outer long beams 7L, which are bent down at their ends and are provided with receptacles for secondary springs 8 designed as air springs. The two vehicle parts 1 and 2 are each supported on a pair of secondary springs 8 on both sides of the joint 3. This has to ensure, in particular, that different loads of the two vehicle parts are balanced in such a way that the secondary springs are loaded in a balanced manner. In principle, it should be possible for the air spring design to allow the four air springs to communicate fluidly with one another.

Der steife Laufwerkrahmen 7 wird durch wenigstens zwei die Langträger 7L miteinander verbindende Querträger 7Q vervollständigt. Diese dienen insbesondere auch als Träger für Bremseinrichtungen, z. B. Bremszangen für Radsatz-Wellenbremsscheiben, die hier jedoch ebenso wie Antriebseinrichtungen des Laufwerks 4 der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt wurden.The rigid undercarriage frame 7 is completed by at least two cross members 7Q connecting the long members 7L. These also serve as carriers for Braking devices, e.g. B. calipers for wheelset-shaft brake discs, which, however, were not shown here just like drive devices of the drive 4 for the sake of clarity.

Um das Prinzip der Lenkerführung des Laufwerks 4 anzudeuten, ist einer der Querträger 7Q an dem ihm zugewandten Fahrzeugteil in an sich bekannter Weise über eine in Fahrzeugquermitte bzw. in dessen Längsmittenebene montierte (Parallelogramm-)Lenkeranordnung 9 so angelenkt, daß die Fahrzeugteile 1 und 2 in den Sekundärfedern 8 einfedern können und sich der Laufwerkrahmen 7 um die Hochachse gegenüber den Fahrzeugteilen radial in Gleisbögen einstellen kann. Nickschwingungen des Laufwerkrahmens 7 um die Radsatzachse oder eine dazu parallele Achse werden jedoch verhindert. Die Lenkeranordnung 9 hat auch Bremsreaktionskräfte und ggf. Antriebsreaktionskräfte abzustützen. Die beiden parallelen Lenkerstangen sollten möglichst lang sein, um Längsbewegungen zwischen dem Laufwerkrahmen 7 und den Fahrzeugteilen zu minimieren.In order to indicate the principle of the handlebar guidance of the drive 4, one of the cross members 7Q is articulated on the vehicle part facing it in a manner known per se via a (parallelogram) handlebar arrangement 9 mounted in the center of the vehicle or in its longitudinal center plane so that the vehicle parts 1 and 2 can deflect in the secondary springs 8 and the drive frame 7 can adjust radially about the vertical axis in relation to the vehicle parts in curves. However, pitching vibrations of the drive frame 7 around the axle or an axis parallel to it are prevented. The handlebar arrangement 9 also has to support braking reaction forces and possibly drive reaction forces. The two parallel handlebars should be as long as possible to minimize longitudinal movements between the drive frame 7 and the vehicle parts.

Das Laufwerk 4 wird allein durch Federkräfte radial in Gleisbögen auf die Winkelhalbierende zwischen den Fahrzeugteilen 1 und 2 eingestellt und gleichzeitig sicher gegen Schlingerbewegungen um seine Hochachse geführt.The drive 4 is set radially in track curves to the bisector of the angle between the vehicle parts 1 and 2 solely by spring forces and at the same time is guided securely against rolling movements about its vertical axis.

Die Sekundärfedern 8 sind als vertikal ausgerichtete Tragfedern in der horizontalen Ebene -auf Schub belastet- relativ weich. Bei Bedarf kann deshalb auch eine Federkraftkomponente in Längsrichtung des Laufwerkrahmens vorgesehen werden, wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht.
In dieser Draufsicht auf den Gelenkbereich sind die unter den Fahrzeugteilen 1 und 2 liegenden vier Sekundärfedern 8 nur als gestrichelte Kreise angedeutet. Die Lenkeranordnung liegt unterhalb des Kugelgelenks 3 in der Mittenlängsachse der Fahrzeugteile und ist nicht sichtbar.
An beiden Längsträgern 7L des Fahrwerkrahmens 7 sind abweichend von Fig. 1 mittig Federlager 10 befestigt, auf denen sich paarweise in Längsrichtung wirkende Druckfedern 11 abstützen, deren jeweils anderes Ende sich an einem der beiden Fahrzeugteile 1 und 2 abstützt.
Jeweils parallel zu den Druckfedern 11 sind Dämpfungselemente 12 vorgesehen, deren Dämpfungsfaktor abhängig von der momentanen Fahrgeschwindigkeit variabel -in Stufen oder kontinuierlich- einstellbar sein kann. Dies kann z. B. durch ein Proportionalventil mit steuerbarer Drosselwirkung geleistet werden, das von einem Regler aktivierbar ist.
The secondary springs 8, as vertically aligned suspension springs, are relatively soft in the horizontal plane - loaded under thrust. If necessary, a spring force component can therefore also be provided in the longitudinal direction of the drive frame, as can be seen from FIG. 2 .
In this top view of the joint area, the four secondary springs 8 lying under the vehicle parts 1 and 2 are only indicated as dashed circles. The handlebar arrangement is located below the ball joint 3 in the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle parts and is not visible.
1, spring bearings 10 are fastened in the center to both longitudinal beams 7L of the chassis frame 7, on which pressure springs 11 are supported in pairs in the longitudinal direction, the other ends of which are supported on one of the two vehicle parts 1 and 2.
In each case parallel to the compression springs 11, damping elements 12 are provided, the damping factor of which can be variably adjustable — in steps or continuously — depending on the current driving speed. This can e.g. B. be performed by a proportional valve with controllable throttling action that can be activated by a controller.

Durch die Druckfedern 11 wird auf die Längsträger 7L des Fahrwerkrahmens ständig eine den Schlingeranregungen entgegenwirkende und die radiale Einstellung in Gleisbögen fördernde Kraft ausgeübt. Wenn das so ausgestattete Gelenkfahrzeug im Gleisbogen fährt, resultiert aus der Winkelstellung zwischen den Fahrzeugteilen 1 und 2 bzw. des Kugelgelenks 3 eine Belastung der Druckfedern 11 auf der Bogeninnenseite und eine Entlastung der Druckfedern auf der Bogenaußenseite. Die Sekundärfedern 8 unterliegen gleichzeitig einer Schubbelastung. Die insgesamt wirkenden Kräftepaare zentrieren den Fahrwerkrahmen zwanglos in die Gleichgewichtslage.The compression springs 11 constantly exert a force on the longitudinal members 7L of the undercarriage frame, which counteracts the anti-roll excitation and promotes the radial adjustment in the curve of the track. If the articulated vehicle equipped in this way runs on the track curve, the result is the angular position between the vehicle parts 1 and 2 or the ball joint 3, a load on the compression springs 11 on the inside of the bow and a relief of the compression springs on the outside of the bow. The secondary springs 8 are also subject to a shear load. The overall acting force pairs center the chassis frame in the equilibrium position.

In einer Variante der Längsfederkomponente ist gemäß dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausschnitt aus einer Draufsicht beidseitig des Gelenks eine Reihenschaltung von Federn 11' und Hydraulikzylindern 12' vorgesehen, wobei die Arbeitskammern der Zylinder 12' paarweise überkreuz miteinander durch Leitungen 13 und 14 verbunden sind. In den Verbindungen 13, 14 können bedarfsweise Drosseln 15 vorgesehen werden, um die Dämpfung durch die Verdrängerarbeit zu beeinflussen.In a variant of the longitudinal spring component, according to the detail shown in FIG. 3 from a top view, a series connection of springs 11 'and hydraulic cylinders 12' is provided on both sides of the joint, the working chambers of the cylinders 12 'being connected to one another in pairs crosswise by lines 13 and 14. If necessary, throttles 15 can be provided in the connections 13, 14 in order to influence the damping by the displacement work.

Diese Feder-Zylinder-Kombination ist im Hinblick auf Brems- und Antriebsreaktionskräfte so auszulegen, daß das Gelenk 3 bzw. die Fahrzeugteile 1/2 untereinander gegen Knicken in der Fahrwegebene bzw. Knickschwingungen stabilisiert werden. Gleichzeitig wird das zweirädrige Laufwerk gegen Schwingungen um seine Hochachse stabilisiert. Es wäre an dieser Stelle auch möglich, die Zylinder auf hydropneumatischen Federelementen abzustützen, wie es im Prinzip von Querfederungen zwischen Fahrwerk und Wagenkasten bekannt ist. Wiederum können parallel zu den Federn 11' Dämpfer vorgesehen werden, die hier nicht gezeigt sind.With regard to braking and drive reaction forces, this spring-cylinder combination is to be designed in such a way that the joint 3 or the vehicle parts 1/2 are stabilized against one another against buckling in the driving plane or buckling vibrations. At the same time, the two-wheel drive is stabilized against vibrations around its vertical axis. At this point it would also be possible to support the cylinders on hydropneumatic spring elements, as is known in principle from transverse suspension systems between the chassis and the body. Again, dampers can be provided parallel to the springs 11 ', which are not shown here.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung, die in Fig. 4 in einer Seitenansicht analog zu Fig. 1 skizziert ist, zeigt, daß die Funktion der Sekundärfedern 8 und der Druckfedern 11 aus Fig. 2 auch durch schräggestellte Sekundärfedern 8' realisiert werden kann, denn diese haben neben ihrer primären Tragfunktion auch die erwünschte Kraftkomponente in Rollrichtung des Laufwerks 4. Es versteht sich, daß auch in dieser Anordnung eine geeignete Dämpfung gegen Schlingerbewegungen des Laufwerkrahmens 7 und Knickauslenkungen der Fahrzeugteile 1/2 vorzusehen ist. Die Hauptfederachsen der Sekundärfedern 8' auf einer Fahrzeugseite konvergieren nach oben hin.A further embodiment, which is sketched in a side view in FIG. 4 analogously to FIG. 1, shows that the function of the secondary springs 8 and the compression springs 11 from FIG. 2 can also be realized by inclined secondary springs 8 ', because these have in addition to its primary supporting function also the desired force component in the rolling direction of the drive 4. It is understood that in this arrangement, too, suitable damping against roll movements of the drive frame 7 and articulated deflections of the vehicle parts 1/2 must be provided. The main spring axes of the secondary springs 8 'on one side of the vehicle converge upwards.

Wenn sich die Ecken der Fahrzeugteile bogeninnen einander nähern, laufen sie entlang den schräggestellten Auflagen der Längsträger 7L leicht bergab, während die Sekundärfedern 8' auf Schub beansprucht und gleichzeitig geringfügig entlastet werden. Bogenaußen werden die Fahrzeugecken auseinandergezogen und laufen entsprechend bergauf, wobei dort die schräggestellten Sekundärfedern zusätzlich belastet werden.When the corners of the vehicle parts approach each other inside the arch, they run slightly downhill along the inclined supports of the longitudinal members 7L, while the secondary springs 8 'are subjected to thrust and at the same time are slightly relieved. The corners of the vehicle are pulled apart and run uphill accordingly, whereby the inclined secondary springs are additionally loaded.

Daraus resultiert ein primär von der Bogenkrümmung abhängiger passiver Neigeeffekt, der die Fahrzeugteile selbsttätig in den Bogen hinein neigt und damit bei höheren Geschwindigkeiten eine Teilkompensation von Fliehkräften leistet. Eine zusätzliche geschwindigkeitsabhängige Steuerung der Fahrzeug-Seitenneigung kann durch Druckänderung in den Sekundärfedern und/oder Zu- und Wegschalten von Zusatzvolumina erreicht werden.This results in a passive tilting effect that is primarily dependent on the curvature of the curve, which automatically tilts the vehicle parts into the curve and thus partially compensates for centrifugal forces at higher speeds. Additional speed-dependent control of the vehicle's side inclination can be achieved by changing the pressure in the secondary springs and / or switching additional volumes on and off.

Grundsätzlich haben alle Varianten der Federanordnungen gemeinsam, daß ein großer Abstand zwischen den Federkraft-Längskomponenten und der Gelenkachse und der Radachsenmitte vorgesehen ist, um die Hebel der Federn gegenüber dem Drehzentrum des Laufwerkrahmens groß zu halten.Basically, all variants of the spring arrangements have in common that there is a large distance between the spring force longitudinal components and the hinge axis and the center of the wheel axis in order to keep the lever of the springs large with respect to the center of rotation of the drive frame.

Claims (8)

Gelenkfahrzeug für den Schienenverkehr mit - einem spurführenden zweirädrigen, unter einem Übergangsbereich angeordneten, durch Federkräfte (8, 11; 8'; 11') radial in Gleisbögen einstellbaren Laufwerk (4), - zwei im Übergangsbereich über ein Längs- und Querkräfte übertragendes Kugelgelenk (3) unmittelbar miteinander gekuppelten Fahrzeugteilen (1, 2), - deren jeder sich in vertikaler Richtung nur über zwei außenliegende Sekundärfedern (8; 8') auf einen Rahmen (7) des Laufwerks (4) abstützt, - der über eine Lenkeranordnung (9) mit zumindest einem der Fahrzeugteile verbunden und in Längsrichtung gegen Nickschwingungen stabilisiert geführt ist. Articulated vehicle for rail traffic with a track-guiding two-wheeled drive (4) arranged under a transition area and radially adjustable in track arches by spring forces (8, 11; 8 ';11'), - two vehicle parts (1, 2) coupled directly to one another in the transition region via a ball joint (3) transmitting longitudinal and transverse forces, - each of which is supported in the vertical direction only on two external secondary springs (8; 8 ') on a frame (7) of the drive (4), - Which is connected via a handlebar arrangement (9) to at least one of the vehicle parts and guided in the longitudinal direction against pitching vibrations. Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen dem Laufwerkrahmen (7) und den beiden darauf abgestützten Fahrzeugteilen (1, 2) beidseits der Lenkeranordnung (9) eine Federkraftkomponente (Federn 11, 11'; 8') zur Unterstützung und/oder Erhöhung der Schubsteifigkeit der Sekundärfedern in Rollrichtung des Laufwerks (4) orientiert ist, welche einer Rotation des Laufwerkrahmens (7) gegenüber jedem der Fahrzeugteile (1, 2) um seine Hochachse entgegenwirkt.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 1,
characterized,
that between the drive frame (7) and the two vehicle parts (1, 2) supported on both sides of the handlebar arrangement (9), a spring force component (springs 11, 11 ';8') to support and / or increase the shear rigidity of the secondary springs in the rolling direction of the drive (4) is oriented, which counteracts a rotation of the drive frame (7) with respect to each of the vehicle parts (1, 2) about its vertical axis.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß neben den Sekundärfedern (8) separate Federn (11, 11') mit einer horizontalen Kraftkomponente vorgesehen sind.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 2,
characterized,
that in addition to the secondary springs (8) separate springs (11, 11 ') are provided with a horizontal force component.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die die beiden Fahrzeugteile (1, 2) auf dem Laufwerkrahmen (7) abstützenden Sekundärfedern (8') paarweise gleichsinnig derart schräg angestellt sind, daß die beiden Sekundärfedern (8') auf einer Fahrzeugseite gegensinnig in Rollrichtung des Laufwerks (4) wirkende Kraftkomponenten aufbringen.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the two vehicle parts (1, 2) on the drive frame (7) supporting secondary springs (8 ') in pairs in the same direction are inclined such that the two secondary springs (8') acting on one side of the vehicle in opposite directions in the rolling direction of the drive (4) force components apply.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß parallel zu der horizontalen Federkraftkomponente eine Einrichtung (12) zum Dämpfen von Knickbewegungen der Fahrzeugteile (1, 2) untereinander und von Schlingerbewegungen des Fahrwerkrahmens (7) vorgesehen ist.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 2, 3 or 4,
characterized,
that a device (12) for damping buckling movements of the vehicle parts (1, 2) with respect to one another and rolling movements of the chassis frame (7) is provided parallel to the horizontal spring force component.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in Reihe mit der horizontalen Federkraftkomponente eine Einrichtung (12') zum Stabilisieren der Fahrzeugteile (1, 2) gegen Knickbewegungen und des Fahrwerkrahmens (7) gegen Schlingerbewegungen vorgesehen ist.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 2, 3 or 4,
characterized,
that a device (12 ') for stabilizing the vehicle parts (1, 2) against buckling movements and the chassis frame (7) against rolling movements is provided in series with the horizontal spring force component.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dämpfungseigenschaften der Einrichtung zur Knick- und Schlingerdämpfung in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrgeschwindigkeit variabel einstellbar sind.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized,
that the damping properties of the device for buckling and roll damping are variably adjustable depending on the driving speed.
Gelenkfahrzeug nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hauptfederachsen der Sekundärfedern (8') einer Fahrzeugseite nach oben konvergieren.
Articulated vehicle according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the main spring axles of the secondary springs (8 ') on one side of the vehicle converge upwards.
EP95110264A 1994-07-13 1995-07-01 Articulated vehicle with two-wheeled running gear Expired - Lifetime EP0692420B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4424566A DE4424566C1 (en) 1994-07-13 1994-07-13 Articulated vehicle with two-wheel running gear
DE4424566 1994-07-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0692420A1 true EP0692420A1 (en) 1996-01-17
EP0692420B1 EP0692420B1 (en) 1998-06-17

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ID=6522948

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EP (1) EP0692420B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE167440T1 (en)
DE (1) DE4424566C1 (en)
NO (1) NO952636L (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2456189C2 (en) * 2007-02-19 2012-07-20 Бомбардье Транспортейшн Гмбх Transport facility with jacob bogie and swing supporter
CN115123332A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-09-30 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 Bogie frame of single-wheel twin-trailer

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19543172C1 (en) * 1995-11-20 1997-05-15 Duewag Ag Light rail cars
DE19951230A1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-04-26 Alstom Lhb Gmbh Level control for secondary suspensions
JP4389069B2 (en) * 2003-12-15 2009-12-24 株式会社東京大学Tlo Articulated vehicle

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DE923972C (en) * 1951-05-17 1955-02-24 Franz Dipl-Ing Kruckenberg Connection of a single axle with the car body ends of multi-part railcars carried by it
CH329987A (en) * 1955-04-19 1958-05-15 Sig Schweiz Industrieges Articulated rail vehicle with a cardanic coupling of two adjacent car bodies
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DE2828421A1 (en) 1978-06-26 1980-01-10 Leriverend Jean Paul Marcel SELF-DRIVING ARTICULATED VEHICLE
DE3718254A1 (en) 1987-05-30 1988-12-15 Fritz Prof Dr Ing Frederich CHASSIS FOR RAIL VEHICLES
CH676220A5 (en) 1986-09-16 1990-12-28 Von Roll Transportsysteme

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DE923972C (en) * 1951-05-17 1955-02-24 Franz Dipl-Ing Kruckenberg Connection of a single axle with the car body ends of multi-part railcars carried by it
CH329987A (en) * 1955-04-19 1958-05-15 Sig Schweiz Industrieges Articulated rail vehicle with a cardanic coupling of two adjacent car bodies
DE1246791B (en) * 1957-05-04 1967-08-10 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Supporting of the neighboring ends of two car bodies of a multi-unit rail vehicle
DE2431422A1 (en) 1974-03-29 1975-10-02 Costamasnaga Spa ARTICULATED FREIGHT TRAILER WITH ONE INTERMEDIATE AXLE
DE2828421A1 (en) 1978-06-26 1980-01-10 Leriverend Jean Paul Marcel SELF-DRIVING ARTICULATED VEHICLE
CH676220A5 (en) 1986-09-16 1990-12-28 Von Roll Transportsysteme
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2456189C2 (en) * 2007-02-19 2012-07-20 Бомбардье Транспортейшн Гмбх Transport facility with jacob bogie and swing supporter
CN115123332A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-09-30 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 Bogie frame of single-wheel twin-trailer
CN115123332B (en) * 2022-07-29 2023-05-23 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 Bogie frame of single wheel pair trailer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4424566C1 (en) 1995-10-12
NO952636D0 (en) 1995-07-03
ATE167440T1 (en) 1998-07-15
EP0692420B1 (en) 1998-06-17
NO952636L (en) 1996-01-15

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