EP0535374A1 - Radar device with an azimuthal rotating antenna system - Google Patents
Radar device with an azimuthal rotating antenna system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0535374A1 EP0535374A1 EP92114664A EP92114664A EP0535374A1 EP 0535374 A1 EP0535374 A1 EP 0535374A1 EP 92114664 A EP92114664 A EP 92114664A EP 92114664 A EP92114664 A EP 92114664A EP 0535374 A1 EP0535374 A1 EP 0535374A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- radar system
- actuator
- antenna head
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a radar system with an antenna system rotating in azimuth, which is provided in an antenna head arranged on a fixed antenna base.
- the antenna system rotating in azimuth should also be pivotable in elevation.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a radar system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that, in addition to rotating the antenna system in azimuth, it is also possible to pivot in the elevation.
- the antenna head is mounted on one side above a pivot axis in a certain angular range in elevation relative to the antenna base on a carrier arranged above the azimuth plane of rotation, in order to pivot the Antenna head is an actuator arranged largely inside the antenna head, at one end in a swivel joint within the antenna head and at the other end in a swivel joint on the support, and that the antenna head with the support is provided by an actuator and the rotary coupling for the azimuth Rotation to the outside sealing peripheral bellows is connected.
- the antenna system rotating in azimuth can also be pivoted by a certain angle in the elevation with the aid of an additional component in the form of an actuator, the pivoting process in the elevation is possible during the rotation in azimuth.
- the system is therefore also designed for harsh military operations.
- the pivoting process can expediently be carried out continuously.
- Adequate expansion of the reception range of the radar system is achieved if the actuator is set to a swivel angle of approximately 10 °.
- the pivoting process can advantageously be controlled fully automatically, since there is no line of sight between the operator and the antenna system during operation of the radar system.
- the radar system shown consists of an antenna base 1 fixedly mounted on a base, for example an antenna tower of a vehicle, and an antenna head 2 arranged on the antenna base with an antenna system comprising, for example, grooved and bridge horns, which can be rotated about the plane of rotation 3 in azimuth against the antenna base 1 .
- the carrier 5 for the antenna head 2 is Provided above the azimuth plane of rotation 3 and consists of a receiving plate 6 and a base plate 7 mounted thereon, while the underside of the antenna head 2 facing the antenna base is closed off with a further plate 8.
- the plates 6, 7 and 8 are designed to carry out, for example, the rotary coupling 4.
- the antenna head 2 containing the antenna system can be pivoted on one side about a pivot axis 9 formed by two bearings in a certain angular range in elevation on the carrier 5 or on its base plate 7 and thus pivotable with respect to the antenna base 1 stored.
- an actuator 10 for example a spindle drive or a rack and pinion drive or a hydraulic drive, is provided, which is largely located within the antenna head 2.
- the actuator 10 is supported at one end in a swivel joint 11 within the antenna head 2 and at the other end in a further swivel joint 12 near the axis of rotation on the base plate 7, so that the antenna base 1 does not need to be changed for storage at this end.
- the actuator 10 enables the antenna head 2 and thus the antenna system to be pivoted in elevation by an infinitely adjustable angle ⁇ of, for example, 10 °.
- the control and supply lines for the actuator 10 are fed via the rotary coupling 4, the pivoting process being controllable fully automatically.
- the "mouth” that opens during the swiveling process between antenna head 2 and antenna base 1 is protected against external influences by a surrounding bellows 14, which is tightly connected to plate 8 of antenna head 2 and base plate 7 of carrier 5.
- the circumferential bellows 14 thus also encloses the actuator 10 and the rotary coupling 4, so that a rotating and pivoting system which is completely protected from the outside is created.
- the bellows 14 is expediently made of weather-resistant material, for example rubber, and is conically worked in the direction of the pivot axis 9 of the antenna head 2, as is clearly shown in the figure, wherein it merely forms a loop 15 on the side of the pivot axis.
- the system shown is controlled in such a way that the rotation process in the elevation is also possible during the rotation of the antenna system in azimuth.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Radaranlage mit einem sich im Azimut drehenden Antennensystem, das in einem auf einer feststehenden Antennenbasis angeordneten Antennenkopf vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a radar system with an antenna system rotating in azimuth, which is provided in an antenna head arranged on a fixed antenna base.
Um den Empfangsbereich einer derartigen Radaranlage, z.B. einer mobilen Radaranlage für ein elektronisches Aufklärungssystem, zu erweitern, soll das sich im Azimut drehende Antennensystem auch in der Elevation schwenkbar sein.Around the reception area of such a radar system, e.g. To expand a mobile radar system for an electronic reconnaissance system, the antenna system rotating in azimuth should also be pivotable in elevation.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Radaranlage der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß neben einer Drehung des Antennensystems im Azimut auch eine Schwenkung in der Elevation möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a radar system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that, in addition to rotating the antenna system in azimuth, it is also possible to pivot in the elevation.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Radaranlage der eingangs genannten Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß der Antennenkopf an einem oberhalb der Azimut-Drehebene angeordneten Träger einseitig um eine Schwenkachse in einem bestimmten Winkelbereich in der Elevation schwenkbar gegenüber der Antennenbasis gelagert ist, daß zur Schwenkung des Antennenkopfes ein weitgehend innerhalb des Antennenkopfes angeordneter, an einem Ende in einem Drehgelenk innerhalb des Antennenkopfes und am anderen Ende in einem Drehgelenk an dem Träger gelagerter Aktuator vorgesehen ist, und daß der Antennenkopf mit dem Träger durch einen den Aktuator und die Drehkupplung für die Azimut-Drehung nach außen abdichtenden umlaufenden Balg verbunden ist.This object is achieved in a radar system of the type mentioned in accordance with the invention in that the antenna head is mounted on one side above a pivot axis in a certain angular range in elevation relative to the antenna base on a carrier arranged above the azimuth plane of rotation, in order to pivot the Antenna head is an actuator arranged largely inside the antenna head, at one end in a swivel joint within the antenna head and at the other end in a swivel joint on the support, and that the antenna head with the support is provided by an actuator and the rotary coupling for the azimuth Rotation to the outside sealing peripheral bellows is connected.
Bei einer derartigen Radaranlage ist das im Azimut drehende Antennensystem mit Hilfe eines zusätzlichen Bauteiles in Form eines Aktuators auch um einen bestimmten Winkel in der Elevation schwenkbar, wobei der Schwenkvorgang in der Elevation während der Drehung im Azimut möglich ist. Damit wird der Empfangsbereich der Radaranlage auf einfache Weise und mit einfachen Mitteln erweitert. Da der Freiraum zwischen dem das Antennensystem aufnehmenden Antennenkopf und der Antennenbasis und damit das sich beim Schwenkvorgang öffnende "Maul" zwischen Antennenkopf und Antennenbasis durch einen umlaufenden Balg nach außen abgedichtet ist, ist der Dreh-Schwenkbereich der Radaranlage gegen äußere Einflüsse wie Schmutz, Wasser Vereisung und Tiereinnistung geschützt. Damit ist die Anlage auch für den rauhen militärischen Betrieb ausgelegt.In such a radar system, the antenna system rotating in azimuth can also be pivoted by a certain angle in the elevation with the aid of an additional component in the form of an actuator, the pivoting process in the elevation is possible during the rotation in azimuth. This extends the reception range of the radar system in a simple manner and with simple means. Since the free space between the antenna head receiving the antenna system and the antenna base, and thus the "mouth" that opens between the antenna head and the antenna base during the swiveling process, is sealed off from the outside by a surrounding bellows, the rotating and swiveling range of the radar system is freezing against external influences such as dirt, water and animal implantation protected. The system is therefore also designed for harsh military operations.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Schwenkvorgang stufenlos durchführbar.The pivoting process can expediently be carried out continuously.
Eine ausreichende Erweiterung des Empfangsbereichs der Radaranlage wird erreicht, wenn der Aktuator auf einen Schwenkwinkel von etwa 10° eingestellt ist.Adequate expansion of the reception range of the radar system is achieved if the actuator is set to a swivel angle of approximately 10 °.
In vorteilhafter Weise ist der Schwenkvorgang vollautomatisch steuerbar, da im Betrieb der Radaranlage keine Sichtverbindung zwischen dem Bediener und dem Antennensystem besteht.The pivoting process can advantageously be controlled fully automatically, since there is no line of sight between the operator and the antenna system during operation of the radar system.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes des Anspruchs 1 sind in den übrigen Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of claim 1 are specified in the remaining subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Radaranlage im folgenden näher beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a radar system shown in the single figure.
Die dargestellte Radaranlage besteht aus einer auf einer Unterlage, z.B. einem Antennenturm eines Fahrzeuges feststehend montierten Antennenbasis 1 und einem auf der Antennenbasis angeordneten Antennenkopf 2 mit einem z.B. Rillen- und Steghörner umfassenden Antennensystem, das um die Drehebene 3 im Azimut gegen die Antennenbasis 1 drehbar ist. An der feststehenden Antennenbasis 1 befindet sich eine Drehkupplung 4, die in den Antennenkopf 2 hineinragt und über welche die notwendigen Steuer- und versorgungsleitungen sowie die Radarsignale geführt sind. Der Träger 5 für den Antennenkopf 2 ist oberhalb der Azimut-Drehebene 3 vorgesehen und besteht aus einer Aufnahmeplatte 6 und einer an dieser montierten Grundplatte 7, während die der Antennenbasis zugekehrte Unterseite des Antennenkopfes 2 mit einer weiteren Platte 8 abgeschlossen ist. Die Platten 6, 7 und 8 sind für die Durchführung z.B. der Drehkupplung 4 geeignet gestaltet. Zur Erzielung einer Schwenkmöglichkeit des Antennensystems auch in der Elevation ist der das Antennensystem beinhaltende Antennenkopf 2 einseitig um eine von zwei Lagern gebildete Schwenkachse 9 in einem bestimmten Winkelbereich in der Elevation schwenkbar an dem Träger 5 bzw. an dessen Grundplatte 7 und damit schwenkbar gegenüber der Antennenbasis 1 gelagert. Zur Schwenkung des Antennenkopfes 2 ist ein z.B. einen Spindelantrieb oder einen Zahnstangenantrieb oder einen Hydraulikantrieb umfassender Aktuator 10 vorgesehen, der sich weitgehend innerhalb des Antennenkopfes 2 befindet. Der Aktuator 10 ist an einem Ende in einem Drehgelenk 11 innerhalb des Antennenkopfes 2 und am anderen Ende in einem weiteren Drehgelenk 12 nahe der Drehachse an der Grundplatte 7 gelagert, so daß für die Lagerung an diesem Ende die Antennenbasis 1 nicht verändert zu werden braucht. Der Aktuator 10 ermöglicht eine Schwenkung des Antennenkopfes 2 und damit des Antennensystems in der Elevation um einen stufenlos einstellbaren Winkel α von z.B. 10°. Die Steuer- und Versorgungsleitungen für den Aktuator 10 sind über die Drehkupplung 4 zugeführt, wobei der Schwenkvorgang vollautomatisch steuerbar ist. Das sich bei dem Schwenkvorgang öffnende "Maul" zwischen Antennenkopf 2 und Antennenbasis 1 ist durch einen umlaufenden Balg 14, der mit der Platte 8 des Antennenkopfes 2 und der Grundplatte 7 des Trägers 5 dicht verbunden ist, gegen äußere Einflüsse geschützt. Der umlaufende Balg 14 umschließt somit auch den Aktuator 10 und die Drehkupplung 4, so daß ein vollständig nach außen hin geschütztes Dreh- und Schwenksystem geschaffen ist. Der Balg 14 besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus witterungsbeständigem Material, z.B. aus Gummi und ist in Richtung auf die Schwenkachse 9 des Antennenkopfes 2 - wie die Figur deutlich zeigt - konisch zugearbeitet, wobei er seitlich der Schwenkachse lediglich noch eine Schlaufe 15 bildet. Durch den Schwenkvorgang entsteht ein leichter Über- bzw. Unterdruck, der bei Vereisung und Verschmutzung den ziehharmonikaartigen Balg 14 so beeinflußt, daß das Eis abplatzt und der Schmutz abfällt. Das dargestellte System ist so gesteuert, daß während der Drehung des Antennensystems im Azimut auch der Schwenkvorgang in der Elevation möglich ist.The radar system shown consists of an antenna base 1 fixedly mounted on a base, for example an antenna tower of a vehicle, and an
Claims (13)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Antennenkopf (2) an einem oberhalb der Azimut-Drehebene (3) angeordneten Träger (5) einseitig um eine Schwenkachse (9) in einem bestimmten Winkelbereich in der Elevation schwenkbar gegenüber der Antennenbasis (1) gelagert ist, daß zur Schwenkung des Antennenkopfes (2) ein weitgehend innerhalb des Antennenkopfes angeordneter, an einem Ende in einem Drehgelenk (11) innerhalb des Antennenkopfes (2) und am anderen Ende in einem Drehgelenk (12) an dem Träger (5) gelagerter Aktuator (10) vorgesehen ist, und daß der Antennenkopf (2) mit dem Träger (5) durch einen den Aktuator (10) und die Drehkupplung (4) für die Azimut-Drehung nach außen abdichtenden umlaufenden Balg (14) verbunden ist.Radar system with an antenna system rotating in azimuth, which is provided in an antenna head arranged on a fixed antenna base,
characterized,
that the antenna head (2) is mounted on a support (5) arranged above the azimuth rotation plane (3) on one side about a pivot axis (9) in a certain angular range in elevation relative to the antenna base (1), that for pivoting the antenna head (2) an actuator (10) arranged largely within the antenna head, at one end in a swivel joint (11) within the antenna head (2) and at the other end in a swivel joint (12) on the support (5), and that the antenna head (2) is connected to the carrier (5) by a rotating bellows (14) which seals the actuator (10) and the rotary coupling (4) for the azimuth rotation to the outside.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Schwenkvorgang stufenlos durchführbar ist.Radar system according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the pivoting process can be carried out continuously.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Schwenkvorgang vollautomatisch steuerbar ist.Radar system according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the swiveling process can be controlled fully automatically.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Aktuator (10) auf einen Schwenkwinkel α von etwa 10° eingestellt ist.Radar system according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the actuator (10) is set to a swivel angle α of approximately 10 °.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Aktuator (10) einen Spindelantrieb oder einen Zahnstangenantrieb oder einen Hydraulikantrieb umfaßt.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the actuator (10) comprises a spindle drive or a rack and pinion drive or a hydraulic drive.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Antennenkopf (2) an der der Antennenbasis (1) zugekehrten Unterseite eine Platte (8) aufweist.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the antenna head (2) has a plate (8) on the underside facing the antenna base (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Träger (5) des Antennenkopfes (2) aus einer Aufnahmeplatte (6) und einer an dieser montierten Grundplatte (7) besteht.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the carrier (5) of the antenna head (2) consists of a mounting plate (6) and a base plate (7) mounted thereon.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Balg (14) dicht mit der Platte 8 des Antennenkopfes (2) und der Grundplatte (7) des Trägers (5) verbunden ist.Radar system according to claims 6 and 7,
characterized,
that the bellows (14) is tightly connected to the plate 8 of the antenna head (2) and the base plate (7) of the carrier (5).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Antennenkopf (2) und der Aktuator (10) an der Grundplatte (7) gelagert sind.Radar system according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized,
that the antenna head (2) and the actuator (10) are mounted on the base plate (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Aktuator (10) nahe der Drehachse an der Grundplatte (7) gelagert ist.Radar system according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the actuator (10) is mounted near the axis of rotation on the base plate (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Balg (14) aus witterungsbeständigem Material, z.B. aus Gummi besteht.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bellows (14) consists of weather-resistant material, such as rubber.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Balg (14) in Richtung auf die Schwenkachse (9) des Antennenkopfes (2) konisch zugearbeitet ist und im Bereich der Schwenkachse (9) eine Schlaufe (15) bildet.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bellows (14) is tapered towards the pivot axis (9) of the antenna head (2) and forms a loop (15) in the region of the pivot axis (9).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Steuer- und Versorgungsleitungen (13) für den Aktuator (10) über die an der Antennenbasis (1) angeordnete Drehkupplung (4) geführt sind.Radar system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the control and supply lines (13) for the actuator (10) are guided over the rotary coupling (4) arranged on the antenna base (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4132575 | 1991-09-30 | ||
DE4132575 | 1991-09-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0535374A1 true EP0535374A1 (en) | 1993-04-07 |
EP0535374B1 EP0535374B1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
Family
ID=6441840
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92114664A Expired - Lifetime EP0535374B1 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1992-08-27 | Radar device with an azimuthal rotating antenna system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0535374B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59207614D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113030869A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Rotary radar and unmanned aerial vehicle |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1982000218A1 (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-21 | Briscoe H | New device for the orientation and the positioning of a useful load |
US4654670A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1987-03-31 | Tracker Mounts Inc. | Tracker mount assembly for microwave dishes |
FR2627635A1 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-25 | Lmt Radio Professionelle | Offset actuating mechanism for radar antenna dish - has elevation axis offset from pedestal centre line so that actuator is located beneath dish centre of gravity |
-
1992
- 1992-08-27 EP EP92114664A patent/EP0535374B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-27 DE DE59207614T patent/DE59207614D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1982000218A1 (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-21 | Briscoe H | New device for the orientation and the positioning of a useful load |
US4654670A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1987-03-31 | Tracker Mounts Inc. | Tracker mount assembly for microwave dishes |
FR2627635A1 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-25 | Lmt Radio Professionelle | Offset actuating mechanism for radar antenna dish - has elevation axis offset from pedestal centre line so that actuator is located beneath dish centre of gravity |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 4, no. 141 (E-28)(623) 4. Oktober 1980 & JP-A-55 92 001 ( KATSUSHI FUKUSHIMA ) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113030869A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Rotary radar and unmanned aerial vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0535374B1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
DE59207614D1 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
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