EP0583631B1 - Warp knitting machine with Jacquard-control - Google Patents
Warp knitting machine with Jacquard-control Download PDFInfo
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- EP0583631B1 EP0583631B1 EP93111569A EP93111569A EP0583631B1 EP 0583631 B1 EP0583631 B1 EP 0583631B1 EP 93111569 A EP93111569 A EP 93111569A EP 93111569 A EP93111569 A EP 93111569A EP 0583631 B1 EP0583631 B1 EP 0583631B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knitting machine
- warp knitting
- machine according
- bending
- transducers
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- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000000581 Triticum monococcum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B27/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, warp knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
- D04B27/02—Warp-thread guides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
- D03C3/00—Jacquards
- D03C3/20—Electrically-operated jacquards
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B27/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, warp knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
- D04B27/10—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles
- D04B27/24—Thread guide bar assemblies
- D04B27/32—Thread guide bar assemblies with independently-movable thread guides controlled by Jacquard mechanisms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a warp knitting machine with jacquard control, in which the laying needles of at least one laying bar can be individually displaced by at least one knitting needle pitch on the basis of electrical control commands.
- Such a warp knitting machine is known from DE-OS 40 28 390.
- spring-loaded pushing elements are vertically adjusted in the bar by means of a harness cord, whereby the associated laying needle is displaced from a rest position into a working position.
- the upper end of the harness cord is connected to an actuating body which can be carried by a lifting plate which is moved up and down in each working cycle.
- the actuator carries a hook which engages with a counter hook on the armature of an electromagnet and holds the actuator in the raised state when the electromagnet is energized but remains out of engagement with the hook and allows the actuator to drop when the electromagnet is not energized.
- the electromagnets and the arrangement of the harness cords require a considerable amount of space and weight.
- the invention has for its object to provide a warp knitting machine of a much simpler design jacquard control in a warp knitting machine.
- piezoelectric transducers which are arranged on the laying bar and which shift the laying needles by applying a control voltage.
- Piezoelectric transducers of this type are relatively small components which, including the associated control lines, can be accommodated in the jacquard laying bar with little effort and make it possible to dispense with other thrust elements, the transmission by harness cords and an electromagnetic or other jacquard device above the warp knitting machine.
- the acquisition and maintenance costs are therefore significantly reduced.
- piezoelectric transducers operate at extremely low levels Power dissipation. The operating costs are therefore also low.
- the mass to be moved is only a fraction of the masses to be moved in the known cases. Therefore, much smaller forces than before are sufficient for the adjustment. To generate them, it is sufficient to control the piezoelectric transducers with low voltage, that is to say a voltage value below 100 V.
- the transducers can therefore be arranged extremely close to one another, as is necessary because of the small spacing of the laying needles, without insulation problems occurring.
- the changeover times are very short, so that even high-speed warp knitting machines can be equipped with this jacquard control.
- the piezoelectric transducers are particularly advantageously designed as bending transducers. Such bending transducers are customary in the trade and lead to significantly larger actuating movements than with piezoelectric transducers of another type.
- a particularly space-saving construction results if the laying needles are attached to the laying bar with the interposition of the bending transducers.
- a bending transducer is assigned to each laying needle, one end of which is attached to the laying bar and the other end is rigidly connected to the laying needle. In this way, the free end of the laying needle passes through a path that is a multiple of the deflection of the bending transducer. It is possible to work with comparatively small bending transducers and still achieve the travel corresponding to the knitting needle division.
- each laying needle is assigned at least two bending transducers running parallel to one another, one end of which is attached to the laying bar and the other ends of which are connected to the laying needle. This results in a kind of parallelogram guidance of the laying needle, which ensures that the laying needle is always parallel to the knitting needles, which reduces the risk of needle collisions.
- the bending transducers each have a plate-shaped support and at least one active layer of piezoelectric material applied to it, one end region of the plate being firmly clamped in a holding device of the laying bar and the other end region carrying the laying needle.
- the desired deflection and force are obtained.
- the expansion in the direction of the needle contour is very small. There is no difficulty in adapting the bending transducers to a laying needle pitch of less than 2 mm, as is required with a knitting needle arrangement of 28 needles / inch.
- the support and the laying needle are formed in one piece.
- the laying needle lies flat on the other end region of the carrier and the like by gluing, soldering or the like. connected is.
- the material of the carrier can be selected independently of that of the laying needle and can be adapted to the function of the bending transducer.
- the width of the carrier and the active layer is a multiple of the width of the laying needle. In this way, the force required to deflect can be generated.
- the laying needle is arranged between two adjacent stops, against which the laying needle lies in its two working positions. In this way the two working positions are defined.
- the lay-up needle contact one stop with its own pretension when the bending transducer is not energized and to the other stop when the bending transducer is energized under its bending force.
- the laying needles are held securely in their working position by the system under excess force.
- At least one of the stops carries a permanent magnet which magnetically attracts the laying needle.
- the permanent magnet also prevents vibrations when hitting the stop.
- the bending transducers each have a plate-shaped support and at least one active layer of piezoelectric material applied to it, that the supports are electrically conductive and are held at ground potential via their attachment to the bar, and that the active layer is provided on the side facing away from the carrier with an electrode layer to which a control line is connected.
- a single control line per bending transducer is therefore sufficient to control it correctly.
- control lines leading to the bending transducers run above a holding device for the carriers of the bending transducers. Above the holding device there is sufficient space for the lines, which can be routed there as a wiring harness to one or both ends of the jacquard laying bar.
- the holding device only extend over a part of the width of the carrier ends and that the control lines are passed between the exposed regions of the carrier ends. Sections of the holding device serve as spacers, which allow free access of the control lines to the associated connections.
- the piezoelectric transducers can be operated with a voltage of approximately 25 to 30 V. Such a voltage requires little or no insulation at all. It can also be obtained with a simple DC-DC converter from the usual voltages that occur in TTL circuits or computer systems.
- the jacquard controller has a pattern memory and a computer which emits the control signals assigned to the individual piezoelectric transducers for each working cycle of the warp knitting machine, and that DC-DC converters are provided which convert the control signals into the control voltage. To this This results in a very simple computer control of the jacquard device.
- the jacquard control has piezoelectric transducers 9 and 10 for each of the laying needles 4 and 5, which can be controlled via electrical control lines 11 and 12.
- the main shaft 13 of the warp knitting machine is provided with a rotation angle meter 14, which outputs its rotation angle signals to a computer 15.
- a pattern memory 16 is assigned to this.
- the computer emits control signals assigned to the individual piezoelectric transducers 9, 10 for each working cycle of the warp knitting machine. These are passed on with a voltage of approximately 5 V to DC converters 17, which are connected at their outputs 18 to one of the control lines 11, 12 each.
- the associated output When excited by the computer 15, the associated output outputs a control voltage in the low-voltage range, preferably from approximately 25 to 30 V.
- the voltage is measured between the control line and a ground connection 19, which is connected to the ground connection of the DC converter 17 and the laying bar 7 or 8.
- the bending transducers are designed so that they cause the desired deflection of the laying needle 5 at this control voltage.
- the holding device 26 has a smaller width than the carrier ends 24, so that a free space 27 remains, via which the end sections 28 of the control lines 12 are led to the connection 23.
- a flat area 30 of the laying needle 5 is glued or soldered onto the other end area 29.
- Each laying needle 5 is arranged between two stops 31, which each define the working position of the laying needle 5 resting on them.
- a permanent magnet 32 is arranged in each stop 31, which reduces vibrations when the laying needle hits the stop.
- the piezoelectric material wants to deform. However, this is only possible on the free side because the carrier 20 does not permit expansion or contraction. Depending on the direction of the control voltage applied, the free end of the bending transducer is deflected in one direction or the other. As shown in FIG. 3, such a deflection took place with three laying needles 5 '.
- FIG. 4 shows another bending transducer 110, in which the laying needle 105 and the carrier 120 are formed in one piece.
- the layer 121 made of piezoelectric material is applied over an active section. It is provided with an electrode 122 and an associated connection 123.
- two bending transducers 210 and 210 ' are provided, the supports 220, 220' of which are clamped parallel to one another. They are attached on both sides of the laying needle 205 and are deflected in the same direction when a control voltage is applied. As a result, the laying needle 205 is moved parallel to itself.
- a bending joint 233 which is formed by openings 234 in the carrier 220, is provided between the bending transducer and the laying needle. This flexible joint helps to reduce the build-up of internal stresses during the deflection.
- the material used for the active layer is mainly piezoceramic, in particular synthetically produced, inorganic, polycrystalline and non-metallic materials, mostly made of modified lead zirconate titanates. They get their piezoelectric effect through polarization with high field strengths above the Curie temperature.
- the active layer can be produced over a large area, then cut and then glued onto the previously cut carrier.
- laminated bodies with more than one active piezoceramic layer can also be used, for example a passive layer between two active layers or a plurality of active layers in which at least one is acted upon in the opposite direction by this control voltage than the other active layers.
- Piezoelectric bending transducers have already been used for special applications, for example for controlling a fiber-optic relay (dissertation Eicher "Optimizing piezoelectric bending transducers using the example of a fiber-optic relay", Berlin 1989).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
- Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kettenwirkmaschine mit Jacquard-Steuerung, bei der die Legenadeln wenigstens einer Legebarre aufgrund elektrischer Steuerbefehle individuell um wenigstens eine Wirknadelteilung verlagerbar sind.The invention relates to a warp knitting machine with jacquard control, in which the laying needles of at least one laying bar can be individually displaced by at least one knitting needle pitch on the basis of electrical control commands.
Eine solche Kettenwirkmaschine ist aus der DE-OS 40 28 390 bekannt. Hier werden federbelastete Drängelemente in der Legebarre mittels einer Harnischschnur vertikal verstellt, wodurch die zugehörige Legenadel aus einer Ruhestellung in eine Arbeitsstellung verdrängt wird. Das obere Ende der Harnischschnur ist mit einem Stellkörper verbunden, der durch eine in jedem Arbeitszyklus auf und ab bewegte Hubplatte mitnehmbar ist. Der Stellkörper trägt einen Haken, der mit einem Gegenhaken am Anker eines Elektromagneten in Eingriff kommt und den Stellkörper in angehobenem Zustand festhält, wenn der Elektromagnet erregt ist, aber außer Eingriff mit dem Haken bleibt und den Stellkörper absinken läßt, wenn der Elektromagnet nicht erregt ist. Die Elektromagnete und die Anordnung der Harnischschnüre erfordert einen erheblichen Platz- und Gewichtsaufwand.Such a warp knitting machine is known from DE-OS 40 28 390. Here, spring-loaded pushing elements are vertically adjusted in the bar by means of a harness cord, whereby the associated laying needle is displaced from a rest position into a working position. The upper end of the harness cord is connected to an actuating body which can be carried by a lifting plate which is moved up and down in each working cycle. The actuator carries a hook which engages with a counter hook on the armature of an electromagnet and holds the actuator in the raised state when the electromagnet is energized but remains out of engagement with the hook and allows the actuator to drop when the electromagnet is not energized. The electromagnets and the arrangement of the harness cords require a considerable amount of space and weight.
Aus der DE-PS 33 21 733 ist es für eine solche mit Harnischschnüren arbeitende Jacquard-Steuerung bekannt, die Legenadeln jeweils zwischen zwei barrenfesten Anschlägen anzuordnen. Die Legenadeln sind mit nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen weisenden Erhebungen versehen, an denen laschenförmige Drängelemente eines mit der Harnischschnur verbundenen Schiebers wechselweise angreifen können. Hierdurch wird die Legenadel entweder an den einen oder an den anderen barrenfesten Anschlag gedrückt, wodurch die beiden Arbeitsstellungen genau definiert sind.From DE-PS 33 21 733 it is known for such a jacquard control working with harness cords to arrange the laying needles between two parallel bars. The laying needles are provided with elevations pointing in opposite directions, on which tab-shaped thrust elements of a slider connected to the harness cord can alternately engage. As a result, the laying needle is pressed either to one or the other bar-fixed stop, whereby the two working positions are precisely defined.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Kettenwirkmaschine der eingangs beschriebenen Art eine wesentlich einfacher aufgebaute Jacquard-Steuerung zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a warp knitting machine of a much simpler design jacquard control in a warp knitting machine.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch piezoelektrische Wandler, die an der Legebarre angeordnet sind und die Legenadeln durch Anlegen einer Steuerspannung verlagern.This object is achieved according to the invention by piezoelectric transducers which are arranged on the laying bar and which shift the laying needles by applying a control voltage.
Derartige piezoelektrische Wandler sind verhältnismäßig kleine Bauelemente, die einschließlich der zugehörigen Steuerleitungen mit geringem Aufwand in der Jacquard-Legebarre untergebracht werden können und es ermöglichen, auf andere Drängelemente, die Übertragung durch Harnischschnüre und eine elektromagnetische oder sonstige Jacquard-Einrichtung oberhalb der Kettenwirkmaschine zu verzichten. Die Anschaffungskosten und die Wartungskosten werden daher erheblich reduziert. Außerdem arbeiten piezoelektrische Wandler mit äußerst geringer Verlustleistung. Auch die Betriebskosten sind daher gering.Piezoelectric transducers of this type are relatively small components which, including the associated control lines, can be accommodated in the jacquard laying bar with little effort and make it possible to dispense with other thrust elements, the transmission by harness cords and an electromagnetic or other jacquard device above the warp knitting machine. The acquisition and maintenance costs are therefore significantly reduced. In addition, piezoelectric transducers operate at extremely low levels Power dissipation. The operating costs are therefore also low.
Die zu bewegende Masse beträgt nur einen Bruchteil der in den bekannten Fällen zu bewegenden Massen. Daher genügen für die Verstellung auch wesentlich kleinere Kräfte als früher. Zu deren Erzeugung reicht es aus, die piezoelektrischen Wandler mit Niederspannung, also einem Spannungswert unter 100 V anzusteuern. Die Wandler können daher außerordentlich dicht nebeneinander angeordnet werden, wie es wegen des geringen Legenadel-Abstandes erforderlich ist, ohne daß Isolationsprobleme auftreten. Darüber hinaus sind die Umschaltzeiten sehr kurz, so daß auch schnellaufende Kettenwirkmaschinen mit dieser Jacquard-Steuerung ausgestattet werden können.The mass to be moved is only a fraction of the masses to be moved in the known cases. Therefore, much smaller forces than before are sufficient for the adjustment. To generate them, it is sufficient to control the piezoelectric transducers with low voltage, that is to say a voltage value below 100 V. The transducers can therefore be arranged extremely close to one another, as is necessary because of the small spacing of the laying needles, without insulation problems occurring. In addition, the changeover times are very short, so that even high-speed warp knitting machines can be equipped with this jacquard control.
Mit besonderem Vorteil sind die piezoelektrischen Wandler als Biegewandler ausgebildet. Solche Biegewandler sind handelsüblich und führen zu wesentlich größeren Stellbewegungen als bei piezoelektrischen Wandlern anderer Art.The piezoelectric transducers are particularly advantageously designed as bending transducers. Such bending transducers are customary in the trade and lead to significantly larger actuating movements than with piezoelectric transducers of another type.
Ein besonders raumsparender Aufbau ergibt sich, wenn die Legenadeln unter Zwischenschaltung der Biegewandler an der Legebarre befestigt sind.A particularly space-saving construction results if the laying needles are attached to the laying bar with the interposition of the bending transducers.
Günstig ist es hierbei, daß jeder Legenadel ein Biegewandler zugeordnet ist, dessen eines Ende an der Legebarre befestigt und dessen anderes Ende starr mit der Legenadel verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise durchläuft das freie Ende der Legenadel einen Weg, der ein Vielfaches der Auslenkung des Biegewandlers ist. Es kann mit vergleichsweise kleinen Biegewandlern gearbeitet und trotzdem der der Wirknadelteilung entsprechende Stellweg erreicht werden.It is favorable here that a bending transducer is assigned to each laying needle, one end of which is attached to the laying bar and the other end is rigidly connected to the laying needle. In this way, the free end of the laying needle passes through a path that is a multiple of the deflection of the bending transducer. It is possible to work with comparatively small bending transducers and still achieve the travel corresponding to the knitting needle division.
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform ist dafür gesorgt, daß jeder Legenadel mindestens zwei parallel nebeneinander verlaufende Biegewandler zugeordnet sind, deren eine Enden an der Legebarre befestigt und deren andere Enden mit der Legenadel verbunden sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine Art Parallelogrammführung der Legenadel, die dafür sorgt, daß die Legenadel immer parallel zu den Wirknadeln steht, was die Gefahr von Nadelkollisionen herabsetzt.In another embodiment, it is ensured that each laying needle is assigned at least two bending transducers running parallel to one another, one end of which is attached to the laying bar and the other ends of which are connected to the laying needle. This results in a kind of parallelogram guidance of the laying needle, which ensures that the laying needle is always parallel to the knitting needles, which reduces the risk of needle collisions.
Im einfachsten Fall weisen die Biegewandler je einen plattenförmigen Träger und mindestens eine auf ihm aufgebrachte aktive Schicht aus piezoelektrischem Material auf, wobei der eine Endbereich der Platte in einer Haltevorrichtung der Legebarre fest eingespannt ist und der andere Endbereich die Legenadel trägt. Durch Wahl der Länge und Breite der aktiven Schicht erhält man die gewünschte Auslenkung und Kraft. Hierbei ist die Ausdehnung in Richtung der Nadelfontur sehr gering. Es bereitet keine Schwierigkeiten, die Biegewandler einer Legenadel-Teilung von weniger als 2 mm anzupassen, wie sie bei einer Wirknadelanordnung von 28 Nadeln/Zoll erforderlich ist.In the simplest case, the bending transducers each have a plate-shaped support and at least one active layer of piezoelectric material applied to it, one end region of the plate being firmly clamped in a holding device of the laying bar and the other end region carrying the laying needle. By selecting the length and width of the active layer, the desired deflection and force are obtained. The expansion in the direction of the needle contour is very small. There is no difficulty in adapting the bending transducers to a laying needle pitch of less than 2 mm, as is required with a knitting needle arrangement of 28 needles / inch.
Bei einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsform sind Träger und Legenadel einstückig ausgebildet.In a particularly simple embodiment, the support and the laying needle are formed in one piece.
Eine Alternative besteht darin, daß die Legenadel flächig auf dem anderen Endbereich des Trägers aufliegt und mit diesem durch Kleben, Löten o.dgl. verbunden ist. Hierbei kann das Material des Trägers unabhängig von demjenigen der Legenadel gewählt und der Funktion des Biegewandlers angepaßt werden.An alternative is that the laying needle lies flat on the other end region of the carrier and the like by gluing, soldering or the like. connected is. The material of the carrier can be selected independently of that of the laying needle and can be adapted to the function of the bending transducer.
Von Vorteil ist es ferner, daß der Träger zwischen aktiver Schicht und Legenadel zur Bildung von Biegegelenken Materialdurchbrüche aufweist. Diese Biegegelenke verhindern bei der Parallelogrammansteuerung der Legenadel den Aufbau von inneren Spannungen, welche die Auslenkung beschränken.It is also advantageous that the carrier has material breakthroughs between the active layer and the laying needle to form bending joints. These bending joints prevent the build-up of internal stresses in the parallelogram control of the laying needle, which limit the deflection.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt die Breite des Trägers und der aktiven Schicht ein Mehrfaches der Breite der Legenadel. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die erforderliche Kraft bei der Auslenkung erzeugen.In a preferred embodiment, the width of the carrier and the active layer is a multiple of the width of the laying needle. In this way, the force required to deflect can be generated.
Günstig ist es auch, daß die Legenadel jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Anschlägen angeordnet ist, an welche sich die Legenadel in ihren beiden Arbeitsstellungen anlegt. Auf diese Weise sind die beiden Arbeitsstellungen definiert.It is also favorable that the laying needle is arranged between two adjacent stops, against which the laying needle lies in its two working positions. In this way the two working positions are defined.
Hierbei empfiehlt es sich, daß sich die Legenadel bei nicht-erregtem Biegewandler unter eigner Vorspannung an den einen Anschlag und bei erregtem Biegewandler unter dessen Biegekraft an den anderen Anschlag anlegt. Durch die Anlage unter Kraftüberschuß werden die Legenadeln sicher in ihrer Arbeitsstellung gehalten.It is recommended that the lay-up needle contact one stop with its own pretension when the bending transducer is not energized and to the other stop when the bending transducer is energized under its bending force. The laying needles are held securely in their working position by the system under excess force.
Diesem Ziel dient es auch, daß wenigstens einer der Anschläge einen Permanentmagneten trägt, der die Legenadel magnetisch anzieht. Außerdem verhindert der Permanentmagnet Schwingungen beim Auftreffen auf den Anschlag.It also serves this purpose that at least one of the stops carries a permanent magnet which magnetically attracts the laying needle. The permanent magnet also prevents vibrations when hitting the stop.
Für den elektrischen Anschluß empfiehlt es sich, daß die Biegewandler je einen plattenförmigen Träger und mindestens eine auf ihn aufgebrachte aktive Schicht aus piezoelektrischem Material aufweisen, daß die Träger elektrisch leitend und über ihre Befestigung an der Legebarre auf Massepotential gehalten sind, und daß die aktive Schicht auf der dem Träger abgewandten Seite mit einer Elektrodenschicht versehen ist, an die eine Steuerleitung angeschlossen ist. Es genügt demnach eine einzige Steuerleitung pro Biegewandler, um ihn richtig anzusteuern.For the electrical connection, it is recommended that the bending transducers each have a plate-shaped support and at least one active layer of piezoelectric material applied to it, that the supports are electrically conductive and are held at ground potential via their attachment to the bar, and that the active layer is provided on the side facing away from the carrier with an electrode layer to which a control line is connected. A single control line per bending transducer is therefore sufficient to control it correctly.
Hierbei empfiehlt es sich, daß zu den Biegewandler führende Steuerleitungen oberhalb einer Haltevorrichtung für die Träger der Biegewandler verlaufen. Oberhalb der Haltevorrichtung ist ausreichend Platz für die Leitungen, die dort als Kabelbaum an das eine oder beide Enden der Jacquard-Legebarre geführt werden können.It is recommended that control lines leading to the bending transducers run above a holding device for the carriers of the bending transducers. Above the holding device there is sufficient space for the lines, which can be routed there as a wiring harness to one or both ends of the jacquard laying bar.
Es ist auch empfehlenswert, daß die Haltevorrichtung sich lediglich über einen Teil der Breite der Trägerenden erstreckt, und daß die Steuerleitungen zwischen den frei gelassenen Bereichen der Trägerenden hindurchgeführt sind. Hierbei dienen Sektionen der Haltevorrichtung als Abstandshalter, welche den freien Zutritt der Steuerleitungen zu den zugehörigen Anschlüssen erlauben.It is also recommended that the holding device only extend over a part of the width of the carrier ends and that the control lines are passed between the exposed regions of the carrier ends. Sections of the holding device serve as spacers, which allow free access of the control lines to the associated connections.
Besonders günstig ist es, daß die piezoelektrischen Wandler mit einer Spannung von etwa 25 bis 30 V betreibbar sind. Eine solche Spannung benötigt keine oder höchstens eine geringfügige Isolation. Sie läßt sich auch mit einem einfachen Gleichspannungswandler aus den üblichen bei TTL-Schaltungen oder Rechneranlagen auftretenden Spannungen gewinnen.It is particularly favorable that the piezoelectric transducers can be operated with a voltage of approximately 25 to 30 V. Such a voltage requires little or no insulation at all. It can also be obtained with a simple DC-DC converter from the usual voltages that occur in TTL circuits or computer systems.
Daher ist bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dafür gesorgt, daß die Jacquard-Steuerung einen Musterspeicher und einen Rechner aufweist, der für jeden Arbeitszyklus der Kettenwirkmaschine die den einzelnen piezoelektrischen Wandler zugeordneten Steuersignale abgibt, und daß Gleichspannungswandler vorgesehen sind, die die Steuersignale in die Steuerspannung umsetzen. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine sehr einfache Rechnersteuerung der Jacquard-Vorrichtung.It is therefore ensured in a preferred embodiment that the jacquard controller has a pattern memory and a computer which emits the control signals assigned to the individual piezoelectric transducers for each working cycle of the warp knitting machine, and that DC-DC converters are provided which convert the control signals into the control voltage. To this This results in a very simple computer control of the jacquard device.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand in der Zeichnung dargestellter bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungs-gemäßen Kettenwirkmaschine,
- Fig. 2
- einen vergrößerten Schnitt durch den unteren Bereich einer Jacquard-Legebarre,
- Fig. 3
- eine Ansicht von rechts auf Fig. 2,
- Fig. 4
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Legenadel,
- Fig. 5
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine weitere Abwandlung einer Legenadel und
- Fig. 6
- eine Ansicht von links auf Fig. 5.
- Fig. 1
- 1 shows a schematic representation of a warp knitting machine according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged section through the lower area of a jacquard laying bar,
- Fig. 3
- a view from the right on Fig. 2,
- Fig. 4
- 3 shows a vertical section through a modified embodiment of a laying needle,
- Fig. 5
- a vertical section through a further modification of a laying needle and
- Fig. 6
- a view from the left on Fig. 5th
In Fig. 1 ist eine Kettenwirkmaschine 1 schematisch veranschaulicht, die eine Reihe von Wirknadeln 2 und drei Reihen von Legenadeln 3, 4 und 5 aufweist. Die Legenadeln sitzen an je einer Legebarre 6, 7 und 8, die in üblicher Weise durch Mustervorrichtungen in Richtung ihrer Längsachse, also senkrecht zur Zeichenebene, hin und her bewegbar sind, um die gewünschten Unter- und Überlegungen zu erzeugen. Die Legenadeln 3 haben die gleiche Teilung wie die Wirknadeln 2. Die Legenadeln 4 und 5 weisen jeweils die doppelte Teilung auf und stehen zueinander auf Lücke. Außerdem sind sie durch eine Jacquard-Steuerung um jeweils eine Wirknadelteilung verlagerbar.In Fig. 1, a
Die Jacquard-Steuerung weist für jede der Legenadeln 4 und 5 piezoelektrische Wandler 9 bzw. 10 auf, die über elektrische Steuerleitungen 11 und 12 ansteuerbar sind. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Hauptwelle 13 der Kettenwirkmaschine mit einem Drehwinkelmesser 14 versehen, der seine Drehwinkelsignale an einen Rechner 15 abgibt. Diesem ist ein Musterspeicher 16 zugeordnet. Aufgrund der gespeicherten Musterwerte gibt der Rechner für jeden Arbeitszyklus der Kettenwirkmaschine den einzelnen piezoelektrischen Wandlern 9, 10 zugeordnete Steuersignale ab. Diese werden mit einer Spannung von etwa 5 V an Gleichstromwandler 17 weitergegeben, die an ihren Ausgängen 18 mit je einer der Steuerleitungen 11, 12 verbunden sind. Bei Erregung durch den Rechner 15 gibt der zugehörige Ausgang eine Steuerspannung im Niederspannungsbereich, vorzugsweise von etwa 25 bis 30 V ab. Die Spannung wird zwischen der Steuerleitung und einem Masseanschluß 19 gemessen, der mit dem Masseanschluß des Gleichstromwandlers 17 und der Legebarre 7 bzw. 8 verbunden ist. Die Biegewandler sind so ausgelegt, daß sie bei dieser Steuerspannung die gewünschte Auslenkung der Legenadel 5 bewirken.The jacquard control has
Die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, wie ein als Biegewandler 10 ausgebildeter piezoelektrischer Wandler an der Legebarre 8 im einzelnen ausgebildet ist. Jeder Biegewandler weist einen Träger 20 in der Form einer rechteckigen Platte auf, die auf einer Seite mit einer aktiven Schicht 21 aus piezoelektrischem Material belegt ist. Die freie Seite dieser aktiven Schicht ist mit einer Elektrode 22 versehen, an der sich ein Anschluß 23 für eine der Steuerleitungen 12 befindet. Das eine Ende 24 des Trägers 20 ist in Schlitzen 25 einer als Haltevorrichtung 26 dienenden Leiste der Legebarre 8 angeordnet, die elektrisch leitend ist und daher den Träger mit Massepotential versorgen. Die Enden 24 können in den Schlitzen 25 durch Kleben oder auf andere bekannte Art, z.B. mittels eines Sperrdrahts festgelegt sein. Die Haltevorrichtung 26 hat eine geringere Breite als die Trägerenden 24, so daß ein freier Raum 27 verbleibt, über den die Endabschnitte 28 der Steuerleitungen 12 zum Anschluß 23 geführt werden. Auf den anderen Endbereich 29 ist ein flächiger Bereich 30 der Legenadel 5 aufgeklebt oder gelötet.2 and 3 show how a piezoelectric transducer designed as a bending
Jede Legenadel 5 ist zwischen zwei Anschlägen 31 angeordnet, welche jeweils die Arbeitsstellung der an ihnen anliegenden Legenadel 5 definieren. Außerdem ist in jedem Anschlag 31 ein Permanentmagnet 32 angeordnet, welcher Schwingungen beim Auftreffen der Legenadel auf den Anschlag vermindert.Each laying
Wird nun eine Steuerspannung an einen der Biegewandler 10 angelegt, so will sich das piezoelektrische Material verformen. Dies ist aber nur auf der freien Seite möglich, weil der Träger 20 eine Dehnung oder Kontraktion nicht zuläßt. Je nach Richtung der angelegten Steuerspannung wird das freie Ende des Biegewandlers nach der einen oder anderen Richtung ausgelenkt. Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, ist eine solche Auslenkung bei drei Legenadeln 5' erfolgt.If a control voltage is now applied to one of the bending
Fig. 4 zeigt einen anderen Biegewandler 110, bei dem die Legenadel 105 und der Träger 120 einstückig ausgebildet sind. Über einen aktiven Abschnitt ist die Schicht 121 aus piezoelektrischem Material aufgetragen. Sie ist mit einer Elektrode 122 und einem zugehörigen Anschluß 123 versehen.4 shows another bending
Bei der Ausführungsform der Fig. 5 und 6 sind zwei Biegewandler 210 und 210' vorgesehen, deren Träger 220, 220' parallel zueinander eingespannt sind. Sie sind auf beiden Seiten der Legenadel 205 angebracht und werden beim Anlegen einer Steuerspannung gleichsinnig ausgelenkt. Hierdurch wird die Legenadel 205 parallel zu sich verschoben. Zwischen Biegewandler und Legenadel ist ein Biegegelenk 233 vorgesehen, das durch Durchbrüche 234 im Träger 220 gebildet ist. Dieses Biegegelenk hilft, den Aufbau innerer Spannungen bei der Auslenkung zu verringern.5 and 6, two bending
Als Material für die aktive Schicht kommt hauptsächlich Piezokeramik in Betracht, also insbesondere synthetisch hergestellte, anorganische, polykristalline und nichtmetallische Werkstoffe, meist aus modifizierten Blei-Zirkonat-Titanaten. Sie erhalten ihre piezoelektrische Wirkung durch Polarisierung mit hohen Feldstärken oberhalb der Curie-Temperatur. Die aktive Schicht kann großflächig hergestellt, anschließend geschnitten und dann auf die zuvor geschnittenen Träger aufgeklebt werden.The material used for the active layer is mainly piezoceramic, in particular synthetically produced, inorganic, polycrystalline and non-metallic materials, mostly made of modified lead zirconate titanates. They get their piezoelectric effect through polarization with high field strengths above the Curie temperature. The active layer can be produced over a large area, then cut and then glued onto the previously cut carrier.
Wenn ein Biegewandler aus einer aktiven Schicht und einem passiven Träger nicht ausreicht, können auch Schichtkörper mit mehr als einer aktiven Piezokeramikschicht verwendet werden, beispielsweise eine passive Schicht zwischen zwei aktiven Schichten oder mehrere aktive Schichten, bei denen wenigstens eine in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch diese Steuerspannung beaufschlagt wird, als die anderen aktiven Schichten.If a bending transducer consisting of an active layer and a passive support is not sufficient, laminated bodies with more than one active piezoceramic layer can also be used, for example a passive layer between two active layers or a plurality of active layers in which at least one is acted upon in the opposite direction by this control voltage than the other active layers.
Piezoelektrische Biegewandler sind für spezielle Anwendungszwecke schon eingesetzt worden, beispielsweise zum Steuern eines faseroptischen Relais (Dissertation Eicher "Optimierung piezoelektrischer Biegewandler am Beispiel eines faseroptischen Relais", Berlin 1989).Piezoelectric bending transducers have already been used for special applications, for example for controlling a fiber-optic relay (dissertation Eicher "Optimizing piezoelectric bending transducers using the example of a fiber-optic relay", Berlin 1989).
Claims (18)
- Warp knitting machine (1) with Jacquard control, in which the guide needles (3, 4, 5) of at least one guide bar (6, 7, 8) can be individually displaced by at least one knitting-needle division by means of electrical control commands, characterized by piezoelectric transducers (9, 10; 110; 210) which are arranged on the guide bar (7, 8) and which displace the guide needles (4, 5) by the application of a control voltage.
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric transducers are designed as bending transducers (10; 110; 210).
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the guide needles (5) are fastened to the guide bar (8) with the bending transducers (10; 110; 210) being interposed.
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each guide needle (5) is assigned one bending transducer (10; 110; 210), one end of which is fastened to the guide bar (8) and the other end (29; 229) of which is rigidly connected to the guide needle (5; 105; 205).
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each guide needle (205) is assigned at least two bending transducers (210, 210') which extend next to one another in parallel and one end (224) of which is in each case fastened to the guide bar and the other end (229) of which is in each case connected to the guide needle (205).
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the bending transducers (10; 110; 210) each have a plate-like carrier (20, 120, 220) and at least one active layer (21; 121) applied to the latter and composed of piezoelectric material, and in that one end region (24; 224) of the plate is firmly clamped in a holding device of the guide bar (8) and the other end region carries the guide needle (5, 205).
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 6, characterized in that the carrier (120) and guide needle (105) are made in one piece.
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 6, characterized in that the guide needle (5) rests in a sheet-like manner on the other end region (29) of the carrier (20) and is connected to this by adhesive bonding, soldering or the like.
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 5 and 6 to 8, characterized in that the carrier (220) has material perforations (233) between the active layer (221) and guide needle (205) in order to form bending joints (233).
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the width of the carrier (20) and of the active layer (21) is a multiple of the width of the guide needle (5).
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the guide needle (5) is arranged in each case between two adjacent stops (31), onto which the guide needle (5) comes to bear in its two working positions.
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 11, characterized in that the guide needle (5), with the bending transducer (10) non-energized, comes to bear under its own pretension onto one stop (21) and, with the bending transducer energized, comes to bear under the bending force of the latter onto the other stop (31).
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that at least one of the stops (31) carries a permanent magnet (32) which magnetically attracts the guide needle (5).
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the bending transducers (10) each have a plate-like carrier (20) and at least one active layer (21) applied to it and composed of piezoelectric material, in that the carriers (20) are electrically conductive and are held at earth potential via their fastening to the guide bar (8), and in that the active layer (21) is provided, on the side facing away from the carrier (20), with an electrode layer (22), to which a control line (12) is connected.
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 2 to 14, characterized in that control lines (12) leading to the bending transducers (10) extend above a holding device (25, 26) for the carriers (20) of the bending transducers (10).
- Warp knitting machine according to Claim 15, characterized in that the holding device (26) extends only over some of the width of the carrier ends (24), and in that the control lines (12) are guided through between those regions of the carrier ends (24) which are left free.
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the piezoelectric transducers (10; 110; 210) can be operated with a voltage of approximately 25 to 30 V.
- Warp knitting machine according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the Jacquard control has a pattern memory (16) and a computer (15) which, for each work cycle of the warp knitting machine (1), emits the control signals assigned to the individual piezoelectric transducers (10), and in that direct-current voltage transducers (17) which convert the control signals into the control voltage are provided.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4226899 | 1992-08-14 | ||
DE4226899A DE4226899C1 (en) | 1992-08-14 | 1992-08-14 | Warp knitting machine with jacquard control |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0583631A1 EP0583631A1 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
EP0583631B1 true EP0583631B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=6465528
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93111569A Expired - Lifetime EP0583631B1 (en) | 1992-08-14 | 1993-07-20 | Warp knitting machine with Jacquard-control |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5390512A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0583631B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06166934A (en) |
KR (1) | KR960000085B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4226899C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2089649T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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EP3139391A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-08 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Actuator for textile guide-needles |
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DE4411528C2 (en) * | 1994-04-02 | 1997-06-26 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knitting machine |
DE4414876C2 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1996-05-30 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Process for producing a warp knitted fabric, warp knitting machine for carrying out this process and warp knitted fabric |
DE4418714C1 (en) * | 1994-05-28 | 1995-06-22 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knitting machine guide bar with piezoelectric needle deflectors |
DE4421389C2 (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1996-09-26 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Jacquard bar for warp knitting machines |
DE4435562C2 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1998-12-17 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Laying bar arrangement for a warp knitting machine |
DE4442555C2 (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1997-03-13 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knitting machine |
DE4444822C2 (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-01-08 | Liba Maschf | Warp knitting machine with individually movable thread guides attached to a bar |
DE4444823C2 (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-01-08 | Liba Maschf | Warp knitting machine with individually movable thread guides attached to a bar |
DE19514995C2 (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1997-06-19 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knitting machine |
JPH09256252A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1997-09-30 | Fukuhara Seiki Seisakusho:Kk | Controller for piezoelectric unit and controller for knitting tool having the same |
DE19651053C1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knitting machine with jacquard bar |
DE19654327C1 (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-04-16 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Mechanism to control warps in a warp knitter |
DE19739540C1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-04 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Warp knit production |
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DE19821845C2 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-05-04 | Mayer Textilmaschf | Device on warp knitting machines for positioning a thread guide |
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EP1361305A4 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2004-06-30 | Nippon Mayer Co Ltd | Jacquard device of warp knitting machine |
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IT1391729B1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-27 | Santoni & C Spa | JACQUARD HEADBAND BAR FOR TEXTILE MACHINES FOR KNITWEAR IN CHAIN |
IT1391730B1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-27 | Santoni & C Spa | CONNECTION DEVICE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS OF JACQUARD BARS OF TEXTILE MACHINES |
IT1391728B1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-27 | Santoni & C Spa | PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR FOR LEAD GUIDES JACQUARD OF TEXTILE MACHINES |
CN101463529B (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2013-03-20 | 郑依福 | Fixing mode of jacquard shift needle |
CN102021739B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-11-28 | 卡尔迈尔纺织机械制造有限公司 | Yarn tension device and manufacture method thereof |
DE102010032997B4 (en) * | 2010-07-31 | 2012-10-04 | Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh | Guide needle arrangement of a knitting machine, in particular a Raschel machine |
JP5545154B2 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2014-07-09 | 株式会社ワコール | Bottom clothing |
CN107503039A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-22 | 信泰(福建)科技有限公司 | A kind of full machine electronic jacquard tricot machine comb |
CN111441137B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 福建屹立智能化科技有限公司 | Intelligent yarn breaking stopping control method for jacquard and jacquard |
EP3910101B1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2023-01-18 | KARL MAYER STOLL R&D GmbH | Method for maintaining a warp knitting machine |
CN111910337B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-09-21 | 江苏明朗星新能源科技发展有限公司 | Separable piezoelectric jacquard including electrode assembly |
CN115341334B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-10-24 | 江苏明朗星新能源科技发展有限公司 | Needle plate for piezoelectric jacquard with metal reinforcing component |
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1992
- 1992-08-14 DE DE4226899A patent/DE4226899C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-07-20 ES ES93111569T patent/ES2089649T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-20 DE DE59302891T patent/DE59302891D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-20 EP EP93111569A patent/EP0583631B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-09 US US08/104,369 patent/US5390512A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-12 JP JP5200483A patent/JPH06166934A/en active Pending
- 1993-08-14 KR KR1019930015747A patent/KR960000085B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3139391A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-08 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Actuator for textile guide-needles |
DE102015114734A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Actuator for textile guide needles and other adjustment objects |
DE102015114734B4 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2023-11-16 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Actuator for textile laying needles and other adjustment objects as well as a movement or adjustment method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4226899C1 (en) | 1994-01-13 |
US5390512A (en) | 1995-02-21 |
EP0583631A1 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
DE59302891D1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
JPH06166934A (en) | 1994-06-14 |
KR940004112A (en) | 1994-03-14 |
KR960000085B1 (en) | 1996-01-03 |
ES2089649T3 (en) | 1996-10-01 |
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