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EP0576448A1 - Procede et dispositif pour la ventilation de reservoirs. - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour la ventilation de reservoirs.

Info

Publication number
EP0576448A1
EP0576448A1 EP92905556A EP92905556A EP0576448A1 EP 0576448 A1 EP0576448 A1 EP 0576448A1 EP 92905556 A EP92905556 A EP 92905556A EP 92905556 A EP92905556 A EP 92905556A EP 0576448 A1 EP0576448 A1 EP 0576448A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank ventilation
tank
adaptation
ventilation
basic adaptation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92905556A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0576448B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Denz
Ernst Wild
Andreas Blumenstock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0576448A1 publication Critical patent/EP0576448A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0576448B1 publication Critical patent/EP0576448B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/003Adding fuel vapours, e.g. drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02D41/0032Controlling the purging of the canister as a function of the engine operating conditions
    • F02D41/004Control of the valve or purge actuator, e.g. duty cycle, closed loop control of position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0809Judging failure of purge control system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for alternately executing phases with and without tank ventilation when operating an internal combustion engine with a tank ventilation system.
  • EP-A-0 208 069 describes a method according to which phases with and without tank ventilation, namely tank ventilation phases and basic adaptation phases, alternate in a fixed pattern. 5 minutes are given for the tank ventilation period and 1 minute for the basic adaptation period. In practice, the first period is somewhat shorter and the second is somewhat longer.
  • the duration of the tank ventilation period determines the size of the adsorption filter in which fuel vapor is adsorbed from the tank, and these sizes also determine the diameter of the tank ventilation valve, with the aid of which the Adsorption filter is flushed with air.
  • the size of the adsorption filter and the cross section of the tank ventilation valve must be such that Even with the greatest possible amount of fuel vapor, essentially all fuel vapor can be adsorbed during the basic adaptation periods and desorbed again during the tank ventilation periods.
  • the general problem in technology is to operate devices using such methods and to design them in such a way that the components are used as sensibly as possible. This problem also applied accordingly to methods and devices for carrying out phases with and without tank ventilation when operating an internal combustion engine with a tank ventilation system.
  • the inventive method of this type is distinguished by the fact that the ratio of the time periods with and without tank ventilation is no longer fixed, but that it is selected as a function of the operating data of the engine or the tank ventilation system.
  • the device according to the invention has a sequence control for the alternating execution of phases with and without tank ventilation, which is designed in this way. that it selects the ratio of the phase durations depending on the operating data of the engine or the tank ventilation system.
  • the method has the following
  • a quantity which is a measure 'for at Tank ventilation is the amount of fuel, and the ratio of tank ventilation to basic adaptation time period is increased compared to an initial ratio if the value of the measured quantity exceeds an upper threshold value.
  • tank ventilation is carried out continuously with the tank ventilation valve fully open. This is based on the knowledge that at full load without lam control in the phases without tank ventilation, no basic adaptation can be carried out, so that it makes more sense to use the entire time for tank ventilation. The fact that the valve is kept open continuously instead of being keyed means that it is little stressed.
  • a diagnostic method for the functionality of the tank ventilation system is started during a tank ventilation phase, which requires a temporary closing of the tank ventilation valve
  • a basic adaptation phase is started immediately with the closing of the valve and the next tank ventilation phase becomes at least partial compensation for the canceled previous phase extended.
  • the diagnostic time is used sensibly for adaptation at the same time.
  • the method with a variable ratio of the time periods mentioned makes it possible to design the adsorption filter and the tank ventilation valve for the throughput of an average amount of fuel from the tank ventilation instead of a maximum amount.
  • These parts which are thus smaller than previously, are nevertheless able to satisfy even very large amounts of fuel vapor, as they occur from time to time. to be vented, because in this case the tank venting period is extended at the expense of the basic adaptation period.
  • Shortening the basic adaptation period z. B. up to 1 minute and extending the distance between two such periods to z. B. 15 minutes (duration of the extended tank ventilation period) leads to disadvantages only in exceptional cases, e.g. B. with very fast uphill driving a relatively steep road.
  • the amount of fuel vapor produced in the tank ventilation would be most accurately determined by a flow meter between the tank and the adsorption filter.
  • a flow meter would be extremely expensive and complex if it were to work accurately.
  • a pressure difference sensor on the tank is required, the attachment of which, however, is recommended in many respects in modern tank ventilation systems, which is therefore often present anyway for other reasons.
  • the greater the pressure difference measured by this sensor the stronger the fuel in the tank.
  • the ratio of tank ventilation to basic adaptation time period can accordingly be made dependent on this pressure difference.
  • Another very advantageous possibility is to make the ratio mentioned dependent on the tank ventilation adaptation factor itself. This is because it is a direct measure of the amount of fuel vapor currently occurring in the tank ventilation. However, this value is not updated during the basic adaptation period.
  • the tank ventilation valve is actuated in a clocked manner, while in the basic adaptation time periods it is closed without current. It therefore contributes significantly to increasing the service life of the tank ventilation valve if it is only activated when this is actually required for tank ventilation.
  • Another type of control of low load mentioned above is that of keeping the valve completely open at all times, which without full load Lambda control is possible.
  • the answer to the question of how much the tank ventilation period must be extended to prevent the adsorption filter from becoming oversaturated depends not only on how much fuel vapor is supplied to the filter from the tank, but also on how good the filter is can be rinsed in a respective operating state.
  • the pressure at the outlet of the tank ventilation system is so low that the purge gas quantity must be limited by partially closing the tank ventilation valve (corresponding pulse duty factor).
  • the flushing effect is sometimes small even when the tank ventilation valve is fully open. It is therefore advantageous to increase the tank ventilation period not only as the quantity of fuel vapor supplied to the adsorption filter increases, but also as the load increases, that is to say as the purge effect decreases.
  • FIG. 3 Flow chart corresponding to that of FIG. 2, but for additionally reducing the ratio between the tank ventilation and basic adaptation time period, the change in the ratio taking place on the basis of the tank ventilation adaptation factor.
  • Fig. 4 adaptation flow chart for explaining a method of changing from ⁇ performing basic adaptation and tank venting ⁇ .
  • Fig. 5 flow chart for explaining a method of ⁇ eventual run tank venting at full load
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a method for S tarten of basic adaptation directly with the closing of the tank ventilation valve during a fuel tank venting phase for diagnostic purposes.
  • Fig. 7 Flußdiagram ⁇ . to explain a method for starting the tank ventilation phase after the basic adaptation has settled.
  • the injection times with which the injection valve 13 is operated are determined by adapted pilot control with lambda control.
  • injection times are read out from an injection time map 16 as a function of speed n and load L and are linked to adaptation variables and a control factor FR.
  • the control factor FR is provided by a lambda controller 17, which forms this factor on the basis of a control algorithm based on a control deviation such as the difference between a lambda setpoint value read from a setpoint map 18 and the one supplied by the lambda probe 15 Corresponds to the actual lambda value.
  • the control factor FR that is to say the manipulated value of the lambda control, is the basis for adapted values such as are formed by a basic adaptation device 19 and a tank ventilation adaptation device 20.
  • the basic adaptation device 19 calculates various correction variables in any known manner.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates three unspecified quantities for the basic adaptation. In this case, the first additive leakage air error can adapt, the second multiplicative air density changes can compensate, and the third in turn can adapt additive change-in and fall-time changes of the injection valve 13.
  • the tank ventilation adaptation device 20 provides a multiplicative factor FTEA for the tank ventilation, which has the value one during inactive tank ventilation, in the case of active tank ventilation, however, an adapted value greater or less one, depending on whether the tank ventilation is on leads a leaner or richer mixture into the suction pipe than is provided when the mixture is being formed without tank ventilation adaptation.
  • FTEA multiplicative factor
  • fuel can be supplied to the internal combustion engine 10 in two ways, namely either via the injection valve 13 or via a ventilation line 21 of a tank ventilation system.
  • the fuel injector 13 receives its fuel from a tank 23 via a fuel pump 22.
  • This tank 23 is vented via an adsorption filter 24, a tank vent valve 25 and the vent line 21.
  • the tank ventilation adaptation device 20 receives the value one as an input value, with the result that no adaptation is carried out. It outputs the value one as the tank ventilation factor FTEA.
  • tank ventilation adaptation device 20 receives the output signal FR from the la bar controller, and it outputs the tank ventilation adaptation factor FTEA.
  • the basic adaptation device 19 receives the value one as an input value in this tank ventilation period. As a result, the basic adaptation variables remain unchanged, which are still output according to their last status.
  • the tank vent valve 25 is not necessarily opened completely in the tank venting periods. Instead, control is generally carried out with a specific duty cycle, which is read out from a duty cycle map 27 as a function of speed n and load L.
  • the tactile conditions are dimensioned such that a maximum amount of air can pass through the tank ventilation valve 25. At idle, this amount is limited relatively sharply, while at full load the tank ventilation valve is opened completely.
  • the duty cycle TVH read out from the duty cycle map 27 remains unchanged. Otherwise, it is reduced with the aid of a limit control 28 depending on the value of the tank ventilation factor FTEA.
  • the limit value control outputs a factor FTVH that takes a maximum of one. The fatter the mixture led from the vent line 21 into the intake manifold 11, the more the duty cycle TVH read out from the duty cycle map 27 is reduced with the help of the factor FTVH mentioned.
  • sequence control 29 uses fixed values for the basic adaptation period and the tank ventilation period, typically 1 , 5 minutes and 4 minutes. In the case of the invention, however, the sequence control 29 varies the ratio of the tank ventilation to the basic adaptation period depending on the amount of fuel that arises during the tank ventilation.
  • a direct measure of the amount of fuel vapor produced in the tank ventilation is the value of the tank ventilation adaptation factor FTEA. If this value indicates a very rich tank ventilation mixture, the tank ventilation period is extended and the basic adaptation period is shortened. In the opposite case, the time periods mentioned are changed in reverse. However, it should be noted that if the FTEA size is selected as a measure of the amount of fuel generated in the tank ventilation, the basic adaptation period must not be selected too long, since the FTEA size is not updated during this time and is therefore unknown. whether much or little fuel has accumulated in the adsorption filter 24.
  • Very large basic adaptation periods can, however, be selected if the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the tank 23 and the atmospheric pressure is used as a measure of the quantity of fuel to be regenerated.
  • a differential pressure sensor 30 is connected to the tank. Its signal is fed to the sequence controller 29.
  • the differential pressure is an immediate indication of whether much or little fuel has evaporated and should be regenerated accordingly.
  • the differential pressure was initially very low and therefore a long basic adaptation period was chosen, but is If an increase in the differential pressure is observed during this period, the basic adaptation can be terminated and tank ventilation can be carried out.
  • step s2.1 it is first examined whether Dp is less than a lower threshold value Dp_SWU. If this is the case, an extended basic adaptation period of 10 minutes and a customary tank ventilation period of 4 minutes are set in a step s2.2. Otherwise, it is queried in a step s2.3 whether Dp is smaller than an average threshold value Dp_SWM. If this is the case, conventional time periods are selected, as entered in step s2.4 in FIG. 2. Otherwise, it is queried in a step s2.5 whether the differential pressure Dp is below a high threshold value Dp_SWH.
  • the basic adaptation time period is shortened to 1 minute in a step s2.6, and the tank ventilation time period is extended to 6 minutes. Otherwise, that is to say with a very high differential pressure, the tank ventilation period is extended even further in a step s2.7, namely to 15 minutes. However, the basic adaptation period remains at 1 minute. In the exemplary embodiment, this is the shortest time span within which basic adaptation can still be carried out in a sensible manner.
  • the tank ventilation adaptation factor FTEA is used as a measure of the amount of fuel to be regenerated in the tank ventilation.
  • the basic adaptation period must not be extended for a reason mentioned above and that the factor mentioned increases with increasing The amount of fuel becomes smaller, while the differential pressure increases in this case. This leads to changed queries.
  • a step s3.1 it is examined whether the value of FTEA is less than a lower threshold FTEA_SWU. If this is the case, the basic adaptation time span is shortened to the minimum value of 1 minute in a step s3.2, and the tank venting time span is extended to 10 minutes. Otherwise, a query is made in a step s3.3 as to whether the value of FTEA is below a high threshold FTEA_SWH. If this is the case, the usual time periods are set in a step s3.4, which represent the initial ratio of the tank ventilation to the basic adaptation time period. Otherwise, the tank ventilation period is shortened to 3 minutes in a step s3.5, while the basic adaptation period is increased slightly to 2 minutes. A larger extension is not justifiable, since the FTEA value is not updated during the basic adaptation phases and it is therefore unclear whether the amount of fuel to be regenerated has changed.
  • step s4.1 after two marks A and B have been run through (see also FIG. 5), basic adaptation is first started.
  • step s4.2 a query is made as to whether Basic adaptation is currently running. Since this is the case after the start of the method, it is checked whether the basic adaptation time period T_GA has already expired (step s4.3). The information on the current time period T_GA is supplied by a block bl. Shortly after the start of the method, this period of time has not yet expired, whereupon step s4.3 is followed by a step s4.8, in which a query is made as to whether the method should be ended.
  • step s4.2 If it is determined after some time in step s4.3 that the current value of the basic adaptation period T_GA has been reached, the basic adaptation GA is ended in a step s4.5 and the tank ventilation adaptation TEA is started. It is then checked (step s4.6) whether the current tank ventilation time period T_TEA has already expired. The value of this time period is made available from a block b2. If the time has not yet expired, after passing through two marks C and D (see also FIG. 6), steps s4.8, s4.2 and s4.6 are repeated until the time period T_TEA has expired. Then the tank ventilation adaptation is ended and the basic adaptation is started again (step s4.7). After step s4.8 of querying the end of the method, the sequence described from step s4.2 may follow again.
  • T_GA and T_TEA are determined according to one of the methods explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • T_TEA it is indicated in brackets in block b2 that this variable can additionally be selected depending on the load. This takes into account the fact that at high loads on the adsorption filter 24 there is only a slight pressure drop between the vent line 21 and the vent line 26, so that the filter is only slightly regenerated. It is now assumed that the differential pressure sensor 29 has a constant one Differential pressure is measured. The amount of fuel vapor produced at this average differential pressure can be regenerated better at medium loads than at high ones.
  • the ratio of the tank ventilation to the basic adaptation period not only as a function of the differential pressure Dp, but also as a function of the speed n and the load L.
  • the load condition is of lesser importance if the said ratio is adjusted with the aid of the tank ventilation adaptation factor FTEA. If regeneration is initially insufficient at higher loads, this leads to a reduction in the FTEA factor, which automatically results in an increase in the tank ventilation period.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of how it can be used independently or between marks A and B in the course of FIG. 4. It is examined whether full load is present (step s5.1). If this is the case, tank ventilation is carried out (step s5.2) and step s5.1 is repeated until it is found there that the queried condition is no longer fulfilled. This procedure is based on the knowledge that at full load in engines with lambda control, this is generally switched off, which is why no basic adaptation can be carried out, so it is not worthwhile. interrupt the tank ventilation, which does not work too effectively at full load anyway.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of how it can be used independently or between marks C and D in the course of FIG. 4. It is examined (step s6.3) whether a tank system diagnosis should be carried out with the tank ventilation valve closed.
  • a tank system diagnosis should be carried out with the tank ventilation valve closed.
  • the tank ventilation valve is closed after a negative pressure builds up on the adsorption filter, in order to draw conclusions from the time behavior of the then resulting reduction of the negative pressure on the functionality of the system.
  • the closing of the valve and the diagnosis are the subject of a step s6.2 in FIG. 6.
  • the tank ventilation phase is ended, a basic adaptation phase is started and an enlargement factor for the next tank ventilation period is output (step s6.3). .
  • the magnification factor has the value two in the exemplary embodiment.
  • it makes sense to limit the maximum tank ventilation time period, as obtained by multiplication with the enlargement factor, for the reasons explained in connection with FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which, after the internal combustion engine (internal combustion engine) has started, there is initially a wait until the basic adaptation has settled. If this is the case, the tank ventilation valve is opened permanently.
  • a step S7.1 after starting the internal combustion engine, it is first queried whether the basic adaptation (GA.) Is active.
  • a prerequisite for this is, for example, the operational readiness of the lambda control.
  • a step S7.2 only follows when the basic adaptation is active, in which the current value of a basic adaptation variable GAG is temporarily stored as the value GAGm.
  • Step S7.3 is used to reset a timer to zero.
  • the value of the variable timer increases until the threshold value Ta is exceeded in S7.5.
  • the current value GAG of the basic adaptation size is compared with the temporarily stored value GAGm in step S7.6.
  • step S7.2 is started again via step S7.7.
  • the loop from steps S7.2 to S7.6 is run through until the difference GAG-GAG has become smaller than the threshold value S. In other words, the loop is run through until the basic adaptation has settled.
  • the subsequent step S7.8 serves for the permanent opening of the tank ventilation valve TEV when the basic adaptation is stopped.
  • the basic adaptation is carried out only once during a driving cycle and the adsorption filter is then permanently rinsed when the TEV is open.
  • step S7.7 An additional termination condition is checked in step S7.7. Then, after a maximum basic adaptation period TGAmax has elapsed, the tank ventilation valve is also opened. This function ensures that the TEV is opened in any case even if the basic adaptation is faulty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé pour l'exécution alternée de phases avec et sans ventilation du réservoir lors du fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne (10) avec système de ventilation du réservoir (21, 24-26) est caractérisé en ce que le rapport de la durée avec et sans ventilation du réservoir est choisi en fonction des caractéristiques de régime du moteur ou du système de ventilation du réservoir. De préférence, la grandeur constituant un paramètre pour la quantité de carburant à régénérer lors de la ventilation du réservoir est mesurée et le rapport indiqué est augmenté en faveur de la durée de ventilation du réservoir relativement à un rapport initial, si la valeur de la grandeur mesurée dépasse une limite supérieure (Dp-SMW; FTEA-SWU). Ce procédé permet de dimensionner un filtre d'adsorption (24) et une soupape de ventilation du réservoir (25) dans le dispositif y afférant pour des débits moins grands que cela n'a été le cas jusqu'à présent, sans qu'il y ait le risque que des vapeurs de carburant sortent dans l'air ambiant. C'est pourquoi lors d'une grande quantité de vapeur de carburant, la durée de ventilation du réservoir est prolongée par rapport à la durée d'adaptation de base, ce qui régénère encore suffisamment le filtre d'adsorption réduit malgré la section réduite de la soupape de ventilation du réservoir.
EP92905556A 1991-03-22 1992-02-21 Procede et dispositif pour la ventilation de reservoirs Expired - Lifetime EP0576448B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4109401 1991-03-22
DE4109401A DE4109401A1 (de) 1991-03-22 1991-03-22 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur tankentlueftung
PCT/DE1992/000127 WO1992016734A2 (fr) 1991-03-22 1992-02-21 Procede et dispositif pour la ventilation de reservoirs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0576448A1 true EP0576448A1 (fr) 1994-01-05
EP0576448B1 EP0576448B1 (fr) 1997-07-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92905556A Expired - Lifetime EP0576448B1 (fr) 1991-03-22 1992-02-21 Procede et dispositif pour la ventilation de reservoirs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5372117A (fr)
EP (1) EP0576448B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3396220B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4109401A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992016734A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4109401A1 (de) 1992-09-24
JP3396220B2 (ja) 2003-04-14
JPH06505782A (ja) 1994-06-30
WO1992016734A2 (fr) 1992-10-01
DE59208691D1 (de) 1997-08-14
WO1992016734A3 (fr) 1992-11-12
EP0576448B1 (fr) 1997-07-09
US5372117A (en) 1994-12-13

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