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EP0571704A2 - Burner for pulverulent fuel - Google Patents

Burner for pulverulent fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0571704A2
EP0571704A2 EP93100713A EP93100713A EP0571704A2 EP 0571704 A2 EP0571704 A2 EP 0571704A2 EP 93100713 A EP93100713 A EP 93100713A EP 93100713 A EP93100713 A EP 93100713A EP 0571704 A2 EP0571704 A2 EP 0571704A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air pipe
air
burner
swirl
tertiary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93100713A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0571704A3 (en
EP0571704B1 (en
Inventor
Eckart Swoboda
Heinz Gräwe
Alfons Leisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Power Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Publication of EP0571704A2 publication Critical patent/EP0571704A2/en
Publication of EP0571704A3 publication Critical patent/EP0571704A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0571704B1 publication Critical patent/EP0571704B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for burning dusty fuel with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the secondary air and the tertiary air are supplied to the air-guiding ring channels radially from an air box common to several burners.
  • Throttle valves are arranged in the radial inlet connection of the ring channels.
  • the pressure loss is changed by changing the setting of the flat throttle valves located in the secondary air flow, while the swirl intensity and the air volume are set via the throttle valves arranged in the tertiary air flow.
  • the supply of combustion air to a burner from such an air box common to a plurality of burners does not permit an individually measurable setting of both a single burner and the individual air flows within the burner with regard to air quantity, air distribution and swirl intensity.
  • a coal dust burner which is provided with two air-guiding ring channels which are supplied with secondary and tertiary air via a radially arranged air line.
  • Each ring channel ends in its own burner throat.
  • Swirl flaps are arranged in the ring channel carrying the secondary air.
  • a coal dust burner is also known (Mitanderen der VGB, issue 50. 1958, page 348), which is provided with a spiral-shaped air inlet housing.
  • the tangential air flow caused in this way creates a continuous transition into the axial air flow, which reduces the pressure loss in the burner and makes the air distribution more uniform.
  • Radial swirl flaps are arranged in the spiral-shaped air inlet housing, through which the swirl can be changed. At this Twist adjustment always maintains a residual twist that cannot be canceled.
  • the invention has for its object to design the generic burner so that the number of degrees of freedom for burner optimization to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides is increased.
  • the burner according to the invention is characterized by an individually controllable individual air supply, in which the secondary air flow and the tertiary air flow are distributed uniformly over the relevant flow cross section via the tangential air flow.
  • the swirl devices in the secondary air pipe and the tertiary air pipe can be individually increased, reduced or eliminated in order to influence the mixing intensity of fuel and combustion air in an inner combustion zone, depending on the fuel to be used, and to have a stable environment surrounding the inner combustion zone Generate flow. This creates an internal combustion zone with a low air ratio and a more stable, oxygen-rich flame envelope, from which the fuel-rich flame is supplied with oxygen with a delay and which, due to its atmosphere, prevents corrosion formation on the combustion chamber walls.
  • the burner which is used to burn coal dust, contains an oil burner ignition lance 2 which is provided in the longitudinal axis 1 of the burner and is arranged within a core air pipe 3.
  • the Oil burner ignition lance 2 carries an oil atomizing nozzle 4 at the front end.
  • a swirl body 5 is arranged in the vicinity of the oil atomizing nozzle 4 within the core air tube 3.
  • the core air tube 3 is surrounded by a primary air tube 6 to form a cylindrical ring channel.
  • the primary air pipe 6 is connected at the rear end via a manifold 7 to a dust line 8, which leads to a mill, not shown.
  • a mixture of primary air or primary gas and coal dust is fed into the primary air pipe 6 via the dust line 8.
  • a swirl insert 9 is arranged at an axial distance from the outlet end, which is attached to the core air pipe 3. This swirl insert 9 sets the flow of primary air or primary gas and coal dust in a rotational flow.
  • internals in the form of a ring 10 are attached, which has a radially inward edge. This edge protrudes into the flow of primary air or primary gas and coal dust.
  • the primary air tube 6 is concentrically surrounded by a secondary air tube 11 to form a cylindrical ring channel, and this is in turn concentrically surrounded by a tertiary air tube 12 to form a cylindrical ring channel.
  • the secondary air pipe 11 projects beyond the primary air pipe 6 in the direction of the burner longitudinal axis 1 and merges into a conically widening section, that is to say into an inner burner throat 13.
  • the tertiary air tube 12 is also extended with respect to the primary air tube 6 and continues into a conically widening section, that is to say into an outer burner throat 14 which surrounds the inner burner throat 13 at a radial distance.
  • the outer burner throat 14 merges into a burner mouth 15 which is formed in the wall 16 of a combustion chamber, which is constructed from cooled pipes.
  • the inner burner throat 13 can have the same length as the outer burner throat 14 and can also extend to the burner mouth 15. It is also possible that the inner burner throat 13 is shorter and ends at a distance from the burner mouth 15.
  • the Inclination angle which the outer burner groove 14 forms with the burner longitudinal axis 1 can correspond to the deviating angle of the inner burner groove 13 or deviate therefrom.
  • both burner throats 13, 14 are cooled and formed by tubes which are bent out of the tubes of the wall 16 of the combustion chamber.
  • the burner throats 13, 14 can also consist of sheet metal jackets which are cooled by air.
  • the secondary air tube 11 and the tertiary air tube 12 of each individual burner are each connected at the rear end to a spiral inlet housing 17, 18, which are connected to control flaps 23, 24 receiving individual air inlet lines 24, 25 and which connect the secondary air tube 11 with secondary air and the tertiary air tube 12 supply with tertiary air as partial flows of the combustion air.
  • Spiral baffles 19 extending in the flow direction of the air are arranged in the inlet housings 17, 18.
  • the inlet housings 17, 18 ensure a uniform air distribution over the ring cross sections of the secondary air pipe 11 and the tertiary air pipe 12.
  • a device for influencing the swirl in the form of a cabinet made of rotatably mounted axial swirl flaps 20, 21 is arranged in the secondary air pipe 11 and the tertiary air pipe 12, which are adjustable from the outside via a linkage (not shown) and an actuator.
  • These axial swirl flaps 20, 21 impose a swirl of adjustable size on the secondary air and the tertiary air.
  • these swirl flaps 20, 21 increase or decrease the swirl of the air flow caused by the inlet housing 17, 18. In special cases, the swirl can also be completely removed.
  • the swirl insert 9 arranged in the primary air pipe 6 generates a rotational flow which results in a uniform flow through the primary air pipe 6.
  • the coal dust is enriched within the mixture flow on the outer circumference of the primary air pipe 6.
  • the coal dust concentration in the edge region is torn open by the ring 10 arranged there, whereby recirculation vortices are generated. These recirculation vortices ensure accelerated heating of the coal dust and sufficient mixing of the coal dust with part of the secondary air.
  • the coal dust concentration at a defined point at the burner mouth 15 causes the occurrence of a very severe lack of air, which is associated locally and in time with the outgassing phase of the coal dust.
  • the secondary and tertiary air supplied to the burner individually and in a controllable quantity is distributed uniformly over the flow cross section by the spiral inlet housings 17, 18.
  • the swirl that the secondary air has received through the inlet housing 17 is influenced by the swirl flaps 20 arranged immediately before the outlet end of the secondary air pipe 11 in the sense that the swirl intensity can be set between zero and a maximum value. In this way, the swirl intensity can be matched to the coal dust to be burned in such a way that a reliable ignition of the coal dust and a stable initial flame are guaranteed in every application.
  • the swirl flaps 21 vary the swirl intensity of the tertiary air and thus produce a stable flow which is to be adapted to the respective application and which envelops the inner, fuel-rich flame area and thereby causes a temporally and locally delayed oxygen mixing with simultaneous oxygen enrichment of the edge areas of the flame expansion. This way, one given burners for the coal dust of any quality created conditions that suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides with optimal combustion behavior.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

A burner for burning pulverulent fuel with combustion air divided up into concentric part flows has a primary air pipe (6) which conducts primary air or primary gas and coal dust and which is surrounded by a secondary air pipe (11) conducting secondary air and a tertiary air pipe (12) conducting tertiary air. The secondary air pipe (11) is extended into an inner burner throat (13) and the tertiary air pipe (12) is extended into an outer burner throat (14). The secondary air pipe (11) and the tertiary air pipe (12) are in each case connected to a spiral-shaped inlet housing (17, 18) with separate air inlet pipes (24, 25). Arranged both in the secondary air pipe (11) and in the tertiary air pipe (12) are devices for increasing or reducing the swirl. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brenner zum Verbrennen von staubförmigem Brennstoff mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a burner for burning dusty fuel with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei einem bekannten Kohlenstaubbrenner (EP-OS 0 445 938) wird die Sekundärluft und die Tertiärluft den luftführenden Ringkanälen radial aus einem mehreren Brennern gemeinsamen Luftkasten zugeführt. In den radialen Eintrittsstutzen der Ringkanälen sind Drosselklappen angeordnet. Über eine Änderung der Anstellung der im Sekundärluftstrom liegenden, flachen Drosselklappen wird der Druckverlust verändert, während über die im Tertiärluftstrom angeordneten Drosselklappen die Drallintensität und die Luftmenge eingestellt wird. Die Versorgung eines Brenners aus einem solchen mehreren Brennern gemeinsamen Luftkasten mit Verbrennungsluft läßt keine individuell meßbare Einstellung sowohl eines einzelnen Brenners als auch der Einzelluftströme innerhalb des Brenners hinsichtlich Luftmenge, Luftverteilung und Drallintensität zu.In a known coal dust burner (EP-OS 0 445 938), the secondary air and the tertiary air are supplied to the air-guiding ring channels radially from an air box common to several burners. Throttle valves are arranged in the radial inlet connection of the ring channels. The pressure loss is changed by changing the setting of the flat throttle valves located in the secondary air flow, while the swirl intensity and the air volume are set via the throttle valves arranged in the tertiary air flow. The supply of combustion air to a burner from such an air box common to a plurality of burners does not permit an individually measurable setting of both a single burner and the individual air flows within the burner with regard to air quantity, air distribution and swirl intensity.

Aus der DE-PS 32 10 368 ist ein Kohlenstaubbrenner bekannt, der mit zwei luftführenden Ringkanälen versehen ist, die über eine radial angeordnete Luftleitung mit Sekundär- und Tertiärluft versorgt werden. Jeder Ringkanal mündet in eine eigene Brennerkehle. In dem die Sekundärluft führenden Ringkanal sind Drallklappen angeordnet.From DE-PS 32 10 368 a coal dust burner is known which is provided with two air-guiding ring channels which are supplied with secondary and tertiary air via a radially arranged air line. Each ring channel ends in its own burner throat. Swirl flaps are arranged in the ring channel carrying the secondary air.

Es ist ferner ein Kohlenstaubbrenner bekannt (Mitteilungen der VGB, Heft 50. 1958, Seite 348), der mit einem spiralförmigen Lufteintrittsgehäuse versehen ist. Durch die so bewirkte tangentiale Luftanströmung entsteht ein kontinuierlicher Übergang in die axiale Luftströmung, wodurch der Druckverlust im Brenner verringert und die Luftverteilung vergleichmäßigt wird. In dem spiralförmigen Lufteintrittsgehäuse sind radiale Drallklappen angeordnet, durch die der Drall verändert werden kann. Bei dieser Drallverstellung bleibt immer ein Restdrall erhalten, der nicht aufgehoben werden kann.A coal dust burner is also known (Mitteilungen der VGB, issue 50. 1958, page 348), which is provided with a spiral-shaped air inlet housing. The tangential air flow caused in this way creates a continuous transition into the axial air flow, which reduces the pressure loss in the burner and makes the air distribution more uniform. Radial swirl flaps are arranged in the spiral-shaped air inlet housing, through which the swirl can be changed. At this Twist adjustment always maintains a residual twist that cannot be canceled.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den gattungsgemäßen Brenner so zu gestalten, daß die Zahl der Freiheitsgrade für eine Brenneroptimierung zur Verminderung der Bildung von Stickoxiden erhöht wird.The invention has for its object to design the generic burner so that the number of degrees of freedom for burner optimization to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides is increased.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Brenner durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved in a generic burner by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Brenner zeichnet sich durch eine individuell regelbare Einzelluftzuführung aus, bei der über die tangentiale Luftanströmung der Sekundärluftstrom und der Tertiärluftstrom gleichmäßig über den betreffenden Strömungsquerschnitt verteilt werden. Über die Dralleinrichtungen in dem Sekundärluftrohr und dem Tertiärluftrohr kann der Drall der einzelnen Luftströme individuell verstärkt, vermindert oder aufgehoben werden, um je nach dem einzusetzenden Brennstoff die Mischungsintensivität von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft in einer inneren Verbrennungszone zu beeinflussen und um eine stabile, die innere Verbrennungszone umgebende Strömung zu erzeugen. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine innere Verbrennungszone mit einer niedrigen Luftzahl und eine sauerstoffreichere, stabile Flammenumhüllung, aus der die brennstoffreiche Flamme verzögert mit Sauerstoff versorgt wird und die aufgrund ihrer Atmosphäre eine Korrosionsbildung an den Feuerraumwände vermeidet.The burner according to the invention is characterized by an individually controllable individual air supply, in which the secondary air flow and the tertiary air flow are distributed uniformly over the relevant flow cross section via the tangential air flow. Using the swirl devices in the secondary air pipe and the tertiary air pipe, the swirl of the individual air streams can be individually increased, reduced or eliminated in order to influence the mixing intensity of fuel and combustion air in an inner combustion zone, depending on the fuel to be used, and to have a stable environment surrounding the inner combustion zone Generate flow. This creates an internal combustion zone with a low air ratio and a more stable, oxygen-rich flame envelope, from which the fuel-rich flame is supplied with oxygen with a delay and which, due to its atmosphere, prevents corrosion formation on the combustion chamber walls.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 den Längsschnitt durch einen Brenner und
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt II - II nach Fig. 1.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal section through a burner and
  • 2 shows the section II - II of FIG. 1st

Der Brenner, der zur Verbrennung von Kohlenstaub dient, enthält eine in der Brennerlängsachse 1 vorgesehene Ölbrennerzündlanze 2, die innerhalb eines Kernluftrohres 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ölbrennerzündlanze 2 trägt am vorderen Ende eine Ölzerstäuberdüse 4. In der Nähe der Ölzerstäuberdüse 4 ist innerhalb des Kernluftrohres 3 ein Drallkörper 5 angeordnet.The burner, which is used to burn coal dust, contains an oil burner ignition lance 2 which is provided in the longitudinal axis 1 of the burner and is arranged within a core air pipe 3. The Oil burner ignition lance 2 carries an oil atomizing nozzle 4 at the front end. A swirl body 5 is arranged in the vicinity of the oil atomizing nozzle 4 within the core air tube 3.

Das Kernluftrohr 3 ist unter Bildung eines zylindrischen Ringkanals von einem Primärluftrohr 6 umgeben. Das Primärluftrohr 6 ist an dem rückwärtigen Ende über einen Krümmer 7 mit einer Staubleitung 8 verbunden, die zu einer nicht gezeigten Mühle führt. Über die Staubleitung 8 wird ein Gemisch aus Primärluft bzw. Primärgas und Kohlenstaub in das Primärluftrohr 6 eingespeist. In dem Primärluftrohr 6 ist in einem axialen Abstand von dem austrittseitigen Ende ein Dralleinsatz 9 angeordnet, der auf dem Kernluftrohr 3 befestigt ist. Dieser Dralleinsatz 9 versetzt den Strom aus Primärluft bzw. Primärgas und Kohlenstaub in eine Rotationsströmung. An dem austrittseitigen Ende des Primärluftrohres 6 sind Einbauten in Form eines Ringes 10 angebracht, der eine radial nach innen gerichtete Kante aufweist. Diese Kante ragt in den Strom aus Primärluft bzw. Primärgas und Kohlenstaub hinein.The core air tube 3 is surrounded by a primary air tube 6 to form a cylindrical ring channel. The primary air pipe 6 is connected at the rear end via a manifold 7 to a dust line 8, which leads to a mill, not shown. A mixture of primary air or primary gas and coal dust is fed into the primary air pipe 6 via the dust line 8. In the primary air pipe 6, a swirl insert 9 is arranged at an axial distance from the outlet end, which is attached to the core air pipe 3. This swirl insert 9 sets the flow of primary air or primary gas and coal dust in a rotational flow. At the outlet end of the primary air pipe 6, internals in the form of a ring 10 are attached, which has a radially inward edge. This edge protrudes into the flow of primary air or primary gas and coal dust.

Das Primärluftrohr 6 ist konzentrisch unter Bildung eines zylindrischen Ringkanals von einem Sekundärluftrohr 11 und dieses ist wiederum unter Bildung eines zylindrischen Ringkanals konzentrisch von einem Tertiärluftrohr 12 umgeben. Das Sekundärluftrohr 11 überragt das Primärluftrohr 6 in Richtung der Brennerlängsachse 1 und geht in einen sich konisch nach außen erweiternden Abschnitt, das heißt in eine innere Brennerkehle 13 über. Das Tertiärluftrohr 12 ist ebenfalls gegenüber dem Primärluftrohr 6 verlängert und setzt sich in einen sich konisch nach außen erweiternden Abschnitt, das heißt in eine äußere Brennerkehle 14 fort, die die innere Brennerkehle 13 in einem radialen Abstand umgibt. Die äußere Brennerkehle 14 geht in eine Brennermündung 15 über, die in der aus gekühlten Rohren aufgebauten Wand 16 eines Feuerraumes gebildet ist. Die innere Brennerkehle 13 kann die gleiche Länge aufweisen wie die äußere Brennerkehle 14 und ebenfalls bis zur Brennermündung 15 reichen. Es ist auch möglich, daß die innere Brennerkehle 13 kürzer ist und in einem Abstand von der Brennermündung 15 endet. Der Neigungswinkel, den die äußere Brennerkehle 14 mit der Brennerlängsachse 1 bildet kann dem Neigungswinkel der inneren Brennerkehle 13 entsprechen oder davon abweichen.The primary air tube 6 is concentrically surrounded by a secondary air tube 11 to form a cylindrical ring channel, and this is in turn concentrically surrounded by a tertiary air tube 12 to form a cylindrical ring channel. The secondary air pipe 11 projects beyond the primary air pipe 6 in the direction of the burner longitudinal axis 1 and merges into a conically widening section, that is to say into an inner burner throat 13. The tertiary air tube 12 is also extended with respect to the primary air tube 6 and continues into a conically widening section, that is to say into an outer burner throat 14 which surrounds the inner burner throat 13 at a radial distance. The outer burner throat 14 merges into a burner mouth 15 which is formed in the wall 16 of a combustion chamber, which is constructed from cooled pipes. The inner burner throat 13 can have the same length as the outer burner throat 14 and can also extend to the burner mouth 15. It is also possible that the inner burner throat 13 is shorter and ends at a distance from the burner mouth 15. The Inclination angle which the outer burner groove 14 forms with the burner longitudinal axis 1 can correspond to the deviating angle of the inner burner groove 13 or deviate therefrom.

Gemäß Fig. 1 sind beide Brennerkehlen 13, 14 gekühlt und durch Rohre gebildet, die aus den Rohren der Wand 16 des Feuerraumes ausgebogen sind. Die Brennerkehlen 13, 14 können auch aus Blechmänteln bestehen, die durch Luft gekühlt werden.1, both burner throats 13, 14 are cooled and formed by tubes which are bent out of the tubes of the wall 16 of the combustion chamber. The burner throats 13, 14 can also consist of sheet metal jackets which are cooled by air.

Das Sekundärluftrohr 11 und das Tertiärluftrohr 12 jedes einzelnen Brenners sind an dem rückwärtigen Ende jeweils mit einem spiralförmigen Einlaufgehäuse 17, 18 verbunden, die an Regelklappen 23, 24 aufnehmende Einzelluft-Eintrittsleitungen 24, 25 angeschlossen sind und die das Sekundärluftrohr 11 mit Sekundärluft und das Tertiärluftrohr 12 mit Tertiärluft als Teilströme der Verbrennungsluft versorgen. In den Einlaufgehäusen 17, 18 sind in Strömungsrichtung der Luft verlaufende spiralförmige Leitbleche 19 angeordnet. Die Einlaufgehäuse 17, 18 sorgen bei der beschriebenen Einzelluftzuführung für eine gleichmäßige Luftverteilung über die Ringquerschnitte des Sekundärluftrohres 11 und des Tertiärluftrohres 12.The secondary air tube 11 and the tertiary air tube 12 of each individual burner are each connected at the rear end to a spiral inlet housing 17, 18, which are connected to control flaps 23, 24 receiving individual air inlet lines 24, 25 and which connect the secondary air tube 11 with secondary air and the tertiary air tube 12 supply with tertiary air as partial flows of the combustion air. Spiral baffles 19 extending in the flow direction of the air are arranged in the inlet housings 17, 18. In the described individual air supply, the inlet housings 17, 18 ensure a uniform air distribution over the ring cross sections of the secondary air pipe 11 and the tertiary air pipe 12.

Unmittelbar vor dem Austrittsende ist jeweils in dem Sekundärluftrohr 11 und dem Tertiärluftrohr 12 eine Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Dralls in Form eines Geschränks aus drehbar gelagerten axialen Drallklappen 20, 21 angeordnet, die über ein nicht gezeigtes Gestänge und einen Stellantrieb von außen verstellbar sind. Durch diese axialen Drallklappen 20, 21 wird der Sekundärluft und der Tertiärluft ein Drall von einstellbarer Größe aufgezwungen. Je nach der Anstellung gegenüber der Luftströmung verstärken oder vermindern diese Drallklappen 20, 21 den durch das Einlaufgehäuse 17, 18 bewirkten Drall des Luftstromes. In besonderen Fällen kann der Drall auch ganz aufgehoben werden.Immediately before the outlet end, a device for influencing the swirl in the form of a cabinet made of rotatably mounted axial swirl flaps 20, 21 is arranged in the secondary air pipe 11 and the tertiary air pipe 12, which are adjustable from the outside via a linkage (not shown) and an actuator. These axial swirl flaps 20, 21 impose a swirl of adjustable size on the secondary air and the tertiary air. Depending on the position in relation to the air flow, these swirl flaps 20, 21 increase or decrease the swirl of the air flow caused by the inlet housing 17, 18. In special cases, the swirl can also be completely removed.

In einem Brenner, in dem ausschließlich Kohlenstaub von gleichbleibender Zusammensetzung und Qualität verbrannt werden soll, kann auch ein fest eingestellter Drallapparat mit definierter Drallintensität eingesetzt werden.In a burner in which only coal dust of constant composition and quality is burned a fixed swirl device with a defined swirl intensity can also be used.

Der in dem Primärluftrohr 6 angeordnete Dralleinsatz 9 erzeugt eine Rotationsströmung, die eine gleichmäßige Durchströmung des Primärluftrohres 6 ergibt. Gleichzeitig wird der Kohlenstaub innerhalb des Gemischstromes am äußeren Umfang des Primärluftrohres 6 angereichert. Beim Austritt aus dem Primärluftrohr 6 wird durch den dort angeordneten Ring 10 die Kohlenstaubkonzentration im Randbereich aufgerissen, wodurch Rezirkulationswirbel erzeugt werden. Diese Rezirkulationswirbel sorgen für eine beschleunigte Aufheizung des Kohlenstaubes und eine ausreichende Durchmischung des Kohlenstaubes mit einem Teil der Sekundärluft. Die Kohlenstaubkonzentration an einer definierten Stelle an der Brennermündung 15 bewirkt das Auftreten eines partiell sehr starken Luftmangels, der örtlich und zeitlich mit der Ausgasungsphase des Kohlenstaubes einhergeht.The swirl insert 9 arranged in the primary air pipe 6 generates a rotational flow which results in a uniform flow through the primary air pipe 6. At the same time, the coal dust is enriched within the mixture flow on the outer circumference of the primary air pipe 6. When leaving the primary air pipe 6, the coal dust concentration in the edge region is torn open by the ring 10 arranged there, whereby recirculation vortices are generated. These recirculation vortices ensure accelerated heating of the coal dust and sufficient mixing of the coal dust with part of the secondary air. The coal dust concentration at a defined point at the burner mouth 15 causes the occurrence of a very severe lack of air, which is associated locally and in time with the outgassing phase of the coal dust.

Die dem Brenner einzeln und in regelbarer Menge zugeführte Sekundär- und Tertiärluft wird durch die spiralförmigen Einlaufgehäuse 17, 18 gleichmäßig über den Strömungsquerschnitt verteilt. Der Drall, den die Sekundärluft durch das Einlaufgehäuse 17 erhalten hat, wird durch die unmittelbar vor dem Austrittsende des Sekundärluftrohres 11 angeordneten Drallklappen 20 in dem Sinne beeinflußt, daß die Drallintensität zwischen null und einem Maximalwert eingestellt werden kann. Auf diese Weise kann die Drallintensität so auf den zu verbrennenden Kohlenstaub abgestimmt werden, daß in jedem Anwendungsfall eine sichere Zündung des Kohlenstaubes und eine stabile Anfangsflamme gewährleistet sind. Durch die Drallklappen 21 wird die Drallintensität der Tertiärluft variiert und so eine stabile, dem jeweiligen Anwendungsfall anzupassende Strömung erzeugt, die den inneren, brennstoffreichen Flammenbereich umhüllt und dadurch eine zeitlich und örtlich verzögerte Sauerstoffeinmischung bei einer gleichzeitigen Sauerstoffanreicherung der Randbereiche der Flammenausdehnung bewirkt. Auf diese Weise werden an einem vorgegebenen Brenner für den Kohlenstaub einer beliebigen Qualität Bedingungen geschaffen, die bei optimalem Verbrennungsverhalten die Bildung von Stickoxiden unterdrücken.The secondary and tertiary air supplied to the burner individually and in a controllable quantity is distributed uniformly over the flow cross section by the spiral inlet housings 17, 18. The swirl that the secondary air has received through the inlet housing 17 is influenced by the swirl flaps 20 arranged immediately before the outlet end of the secondary air pipe 11 in the sense that the swirl intensity can be set between zero and a maximum value. In this way, the swirl intensity can be matched to the coal dust to be burned in such a way that a reliable ignition of the coal dust and a stable initial flame are guaranteed in every application. The swirl flaps 21 vary the swirl intensity of the tertiary air and thus produce a stable flow which is to be adapted to the respective application and which envelops the inner, fuel-rich flame area and thereby causes a temporally and locally delayed oxygen mixing with simultaneous oxygen enrichment of the edge areas of the flame expansion. This way, one given burners for the coal dust of any quality created conditions that suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides with optimal combustion behavior.

Claims (7)

Brenner zum Verbrennen von staubförmigem Brennstoff mit in konzentrische Teilströme aufgeteilter Verbrennungsluft, wobei der Brenner ein Primärluft bzw. Primärgas und Brennstoff führendes Primärluftrohr (6) aufweist, das von einem Sekundärluft führenden Sekundärluftrohr (11) und einem Tertiärluft führenden Tertiärluftrohr (12) umgeben ist, das Sekundärluftrohr (11) sich in einen sich konisch erweiternden Abschnitt (innere Brennerkehle 13) und das Tertiärluftrohr (12) sich in einen sich konisch erweiternden Abschnitt (äußere Brennerkehle 14) fortsetzt und in dem Sekundärluftrohr (11) ein Drallapparat angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sekundärluftrohr (11) und das Tertiärluftrohr (12) jeweils mit einem spiralförmigen Einlaufgehäuse (17, 18) mit separaten Lufteintrittsleitungen (24, 25) verbunden sind und daß sowohl in dem Sekundärluftrohr (11) als auch in dem Tertiärluftrohr (12) Einrichtungen zur Verstärkung bzw. Verminderung des Dralls angeordnet sind.Burner for burning dust-like fuel with combustion air divided into concentric partial flows, the burner having a primary air pipe (6) carrying primary air or primary gas and fuel, which is surrounded by a secondary air pipe (11) carrying secondary air and a tertiary air pipe (12) carrying tertiary air, the secondary air pipe (11) continues into a conically widening section (inner burner throat 13) and the tertiary air pipe (12) continues into a conically widening section (outer burner throat 14) and a twister is arranged in the secondary air pipe (11), characterized in that that the secondary air tube (11) and the tertiary air tube (12) are each connected to a spiral inlet housing (17, 18) with separate air inlet lines (24, 25) and that both in the secondary air tube (11) and in the tertiary air tube (12) Devices for increasing or reducing the swirl are arranged are. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in dem Sekundärluftrohr (11) und dem Tertiärluftrohr (12) angeordneten Einrichtungen zur Verstärkung bzw. Verminderung des Dralls angeordneten Einrichtungen aus verstellbaren axialen Drallklappen (20, 21) bestehen.Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the devices arranged in the secondary air pipe (11) and the tertiary air pipe (12) for increasing or reducing the swirl consist of adjustable axial swirl flaps (20, 21). Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Drallerzeuger aus einem feststehenden Dralleinsatz besteht.Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirl generator consists of a fixed swirl insert. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb des Primärluftrohres (6) ein eine Ölzündbrennerlanze (2) aufnehmendes Kernluftrohr (3) angeordnet ist und daß innerhalb des Primärluftrohres (6) auf dem Kernluftrohr (3) ein Dralleinsatz (9) befestigt ist.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a core air tube (3) receiving an oil pilot burner lance (2) is arranged within the primary air tube (6) and in that a swirl insert (9) is placed on the core air tube (3) within the primary air tube (6) ) is attached. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Ende des Primärluftrohres (6) ein umlaufender Ring (10) mit einer radial nach innen gerichteten Kante angeordnet ist, die in den aus Primärluft und Kohlenstaub bestehenden Strom hineinragt.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a circumferential ring (10) is arranged on the end of the primary air pipe (6) with a radially inward edge which projects into the stream consisting of primary air and coal dust. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Einlaufgehäusen (17, 18) Leitbleche (19) angeordnet sind.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that baffles (19) are arranged in the inlet housings (17, 18). Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der sich konisch erweiternde Abschnitt des Sekundärluftrohres (11) aus gekühlten Rohren gebildet ist.Burner according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the conically widening section of the secondary air pipe (11) is formed from cooled pipes.
EP93100713A 1992-05-29 1993-01-19 Burner for pulverulent fuel Expired - Lifetime EP0571704B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4217879 1992-05-29
DE4217879A DE4217879A1 (en) 1992-05-29 1992-05-29 Burner for dusty fuel

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EP0571704A2 true EP0571704A2 (en) 1993-12-01
EP0571704A3 EP0571704A3 (en) 1994-02-09
EP0571704B1 EP0571704B1 (en) 1996-12-27

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AT (1) ATE146868T1 (en)
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FI (1) FI98555C (en)

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EP0836048A1 (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-15 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. Burner
US5979342A (en) * 1995-07-25 1999-11-09 Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Gmbh Method and apparatus for the reduction of NOx generation during coal dust combustion
WO2001011288A1 (en) * 1999-08-06 2001-02-15 Fls Miljø A/S A burner
CN1095971C (en) * 1996-11-12 2002-12-11 孙键 Radial cyclone-type coal burner
EP1998112A2 (en) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 Hitachi Power Europe GmbH Burner for combusting a low-calorific fuel gas
CN102078950A (en) * 2010-04-17 2011-06-01 周士友 Intelligent heating system for centrifugally casting ultra-long thin-walled slim tubes
CN1920382B (en) * 2006-09-04 2011-07-20 东方锅炉（集团）股份有限公司 Rotational flow pulverized coal burner
EP2518402A1 (en) 2011-04-26 2012-10-31 Babcock Borsig Steinmüller GmbH Burner for particulate fuel
CN102767824A (en) * 2012-07-06 2012-11-07 南阳市沧田工程机械有限公司 Novel efficient pulverized coal combustion device
CN103672880A (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-03-26 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Powder burner
CN105402723A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-16 河北省电力建设调整试验所 Coal-fired power plant turbulent burner suitable for low-order mixed coal combustion
CN105927977A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-09-07 山东圣威新能源有限公司 Novel microbial coal desulfurization low-nitrogen turbine burner
WO2019105540A1 (en) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 Wärtsilä Moss As A dual fuel burner assembly and method of operating a dual fuel burner assembly

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DE4435640C2 (en) * 1994-10-06 2001-01-04 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Burners for the combustion of dusty fuel
DE19942769A1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2001-03-15 Bbp Energy Gmbh Coal dust burner has spiral housing to take up coal dust and air mixture and formed as spiral radial channel with reducing depth as circumferential angle increases
US7303388B2 (en) * 2004-07-01 2007-12-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Staged combustion system with ignition-assisted fuel lances
DE102005032109B4 (en) * 2005-07-07 2009-08-06 Hitachi Power Europe Gmbh Carbon dust burner for low NOx emissions
DE102006022657B4 (en) * 2006-05-12 2011-03-03 Alstom Technology Ltd. Method and arrangement for regulating the air volume of a combustion system operated with fossil, solid fuels
CN101363625B (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-06-02 哈尔滨工业大学 A center-feeding swirl pulverized coal burner with large speed ratio
DE102015111586A1 (en) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Coal dust burner with electrically heated fuel nozzle
DE102015111585A1 (en) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Coal dust burner with one-piece, electrically heated fuel nozzle
DE102015111587A1 (en) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Burner and method for igniting fires with pulverized fuel
CN112762448B (en) * 2021-02-01 2022-04-22 西安交通大学 A Low NOx Gas Burner Coupled with Staged Swirl Dispersive Combustion Technology

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EP0200644A1 (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-11-05 Etablissement public dit: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE Process for the combustion of fluid fuels and toroidal burner adapted for its application
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US6116171A (en) * 1994-11-14 2000-09-12 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Pulverized coal combustion burner
EP0711952A3 (en) * 1994-11-14 1997-10-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pulverized coal combustion burner
US5979342A (en) * 1995-07-25 1999-11-09 Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Gmbh Method and apparatus for the reduction of NOx generation during coal dust combustion
EP0836048A1 (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-15 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. Burner
US5823764A (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-10-20 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. Three-stage low NOx burner for burning solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
US5964166A (en) * 1996-10-08 1999-10-12 Enel S.P.A. Pulverized coal injection nozzle
CN1095971C (en) * 1996-11-12 2002-12-11 孙键 Radial cyclone-type coal burner
WO2001011288A1 (en) * 1999-08-06 2001-02-15 Fls Miljø A/S A burner
CN1920382B (en) * 2006-09-04 2011-07-20 东方锅炉（集团）股份有限公司 Rotational flow pulverized coal burner
EP1998112A2 (en) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 Hitachi Power Europe GmbH Burner for combusting a low-calorific fuel gas
EP1998112A3 (en) * 2007-05-29 2010-05-05 Hitachi Power Europe GmbH Burner for combusting a low-calorific fuel gas
CN102078950A (en) * 2010-04-17 2011-06-01 周士友 Intelligent heating system for centrifugally casting ultra-long thin-walled slim tubes
EP2518402A1 (en) 2011-04-26 2012-10-31 Babcock Borsig Steinmüller GmbH Burner for particulate fuel
DE102011018697A1 (en) 2011-04-26 2012-10-31 Babcock Borsig Steinmüller Gmbh Burner for particulate fuel
CN102767824A (en) * 2012-07-06 2012-11-07 南阳市沧田工程机械有限公司 Novel efficient pulverized coal combustion device
CN102767824B (en) * 2012-07-06 2015-08-05 南阳市沧田工程机械有限公司 A kind of new and effective coal powder burner
CN103672880A (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-03-26 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Powder burner
CN105402723A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-16 河北省电力建设调整试验所 Coal-fired power plant turbulent burner suitable for low-order mixed coal combustion
CN105402723B (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-12-22 河北省电力建设调整试验所 A kind of coal-burning power plant's turbulent burner suitable for low order Blended Coal Combustion
CN105927977A (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-09-07 山东圣威新能源有限公司 Novel microbial coal desulfurization low-nitrogen turbine burner
WO2019105540A1 (en) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 Wärtsilä Moss As A dual fuel burner assembly and method of operating a dual fuel burner assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0571704A3 (en) 1994-02-09
FI932236A0 (en) 1993-05-17
ES2096112T3 (en) 1997-03-01
DK0571704T3 (en) 1997-05-12
FI98555B (en) 1997-03-27
FI932236A (en) 1993-11-30
DE59304859D1 (en) 1997-02-06
DE4217879A1 (en) 1993-12-02
ATE146868T1 (en) 1997-01-15
FI98555C (en) 1997-07-10
EP0571704B1 (en) 1996-12-27

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