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EP0561256B1 - Verfahren zum Lufttrocknen von freigeführten Materialbahnen and Lufttrockner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Lufttrocknen von freigeführten Materialbahnen and Lufttrockner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0561256B1
EP0561256B1 EP93103768A EP93103768A EP0561256B1 EP 0561256 B1 EP0561256 B1 EP 0561256B1 EP 93103768 A EP93103768 A EP 93103768A EP 93103768 A EP93103768 A EP 93103768A EP 0561256 B1 EP0561256 B1 EP 0561256B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
nozzle
plane
blow
air
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EP93103768A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0561256A1 (de
Inventor
Pertti Heikkilä
Iikka Jokioinen
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Valmet Technologies Oy
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Metso Paper Oy
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/18—Drying webs by hot air
    • D21F5/185—Supporting webs in hot air dryers
    • D21F5/187—Supporting webs in hot air dryers by air jets
    • D21F5/188—Blowing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
    • F26B13/104—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts supported by fluid jets only; Fluid blowing arrangements for flotation dryers, e.g. coanda nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of drying material webs in an air dryer according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an air dryer for drying a material web according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • blow boxes are commonly used whose nozzle-carrier face consists of a plane plate, into which blow holes have been punched. Such nozzles are placed either at one side or at both sides of the airborne web to be dried.
  • the nozzle-carrier-face commonly includes a number of rows of holes, one row after the other in the running direction of the web. The blow air flows in the space between the web and the nozzle-carrier-face, and the blow air is collected away through suction slots placed between the nozzle boxes.
  • lateral flow is understood as meaning air flows parallel to the plane of the carrier face and of the web, which flows are additionally parallel to or opposite to the running direction of the web. Since the air must escape from the treatment gap, a lateral flow cannot be avoided. Said lateral flow deteriorates the transfer of heat in the prior-art blow-nozzle boxes, and the disturbing effect is increased with an increase in the velocity of the exhaust-air flow.
  • the loss of pressure produced by the blow box is increased when the velocity increases in the lateral flow.
  • it is preferable to make use of the lateral flow by shaping the blow face and the geometry of its nozzle openings such that, on the carrier face of the blow box, a zone of negative pressure is formed, which stabilizes the run of the web and by whose means a stable and unstrained run of the web is ensured.
  • WO-A-88/08950 a generic method of air-drying material webs is disclosed, in which method air jets substantially parallel to the plane of the web are applied to the web to be dried from underneath the web, by means of which air jets heat is transferred to the web, the web is supported by air free of contact and the run of the web is stabilized, wherein the air jets are applied from a nozzle-carrier face facing the web in opposite directions from the middle portion of the nozzle carrier face.
  • the nozzle carrier face comprises in the middle thereof a substantially V-section groove transverse to the running direction of the web, which groove is opened towards the web and in whose opposite walls there are series of nozzle holes, and in which nozzle-carrier face, at both sides of the groove, there are provided plane portions placed in the same plane parallel to the plane of the web and curved guide faces joining the walls of the groove to the plane portions, so that, by Coanda effect, the air jets applied from the series of nozzle holes towards the opposite wall of the groove are turned over a certain angle to make them substantially parallel to the plane portions and parallel to the plane of the web.
  • the nozzle-carrier face of the nozzle-blow-box has a plurality of nozzles provided in the middle portion of the nozzle-carrier face and the slanted lateral portions thereof.
  • the nozzles may be formed in such a manner in order to provide air jets in an oblique direction to the web; by means of this arrangement, a guiding effect is to be achieved.
  • the aim of the present invention is further development of the prior-art nozzle-blow-boxes disclosed in said patents while avoiding the drawbacks which are present in them and which will be described in more detail later.
  • the present invention is above all related to the nozzle-blow-boxes employed in pulp dryers, in which the web runs above the nozzle and carrier faces of the boxes.
  • the function of the air blowings is both to transfer heat from the blown air to the web and to support the web free of contact.
  • it is preferable to blow part of the air parallel to the plane of the nozzle in which case the web is stabilized at a distance of 3...6 mm from the carrier face.
  • the velocity of the exhaust air in the space between the web and the nozzle becomes high. This results in deterioration of the transfer of heat and in extra pressure losses.
  • the detrimental effect of the high velocity of the exhaust air can be reduced by making the nozzles sufficiently narrow, but then the number of the nozzles becomes so high that the cost of manufacture of the dryer is increased substantially.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method and a novel nozzle-blow-box construction by whose means it is possible to avoid the drawbacks discussed above and to improve the transfer of heat from the drying air to the airborne web to be dried. Said improvement of the transfer of heat can be utilized most efficiently in the form of smaller size of the dryer. In this way, the cost of construction, e.g., of a pulp dryer and the cost of the machine hall can be lowered decisively.
  • An aim of the present invention is to reduce the effect of deteriorating of the transfer of heat by the lateral flow while the run of the web is stabilized by means of said flow.
  • the air flow velocity parallel to the plane of the web to be dried and air-supported in connection with the nozzle-carrier face is initially kept substantially invariable, whereupon the air flow velocity is lowered in the lateral areas of said carrier face by employing lateral areas of the nozzle-carrier face that become rampwise and/or stepwise lower in the air-flow direction.
  • extensions of said nozzle-carrier-face portions are constituted by stepwise and/or ramp-shaped carrier-face portions placed further apart from the material web to be supported, in the area of which carrier-face portions the velocities of said support and stabilization air flows, as compared with the velocity prevailing in connection with the plane nozzle-carrier-face portions, are lowered, and that the nozzle-carrier face is provided with nozzle perforations, through which additional blowings substantially perpendicular to the plane of the material web to be supported can be applied from the nozzle-blow-box.
  • the effect of deteriorating of the transfer of heat by the lateral flow has been minimized by lowering the lateral portions of the nozzle to a level lower than the plane middle portion, whereby the velocity of the lateral flow is lowered.
  • the lateral flows are preferably directed so that they do not directly collide against the air jets of the direct blowing on the plane face or on the lowered lateral portions.
  • the lowering of the lateral areas of the nozzle-carrier-face portions in accordance with the invention is based on the idea that a high flow velocity of the exhaust air between the web and the nozzle-carrier face deteriorates the coefficient of heat transfer.
  • the velocity of the exhaust air is increased in both directions from the centre line of the nozzles towards the edges when more air is introduced.
  • the flow velocity in this area is lowered.
  • the nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention is a combination of a nozzle with positive/negative pressure, in which the magnitude of the lateral flow that produces the negative pressure is chosen appropriately in relation to the amount of air in the direct blowing.
  • the coefficient of heat transfer is not essentially dependent on the distance, provided that the exhaust air does not disturb the air jets blown out of the nozzle holes to a significant extent.
  • the air discharged out of the nozzles must pass towards the edges in the space between the nozzle and the web, and the higher this flow velocity is, the more does it disturb the air jets blown out of the holes and the more does it deteriorate the coefficient of heat transfer.
  • air jets are directed, crosswise in relation to one another, at continuous rounding points between the plane carrier face placed at each side of the walls of said V-section groove.
  • the air jets are tangential to the rounding points, they turn and become parallel to the plane portions of the carrier face by the Coanda effect.
  • a zone of negative pressure is formed, which stabilizes the web at a certain distance from the carrier face, as a rule, of an order of 3...6 mm.
  • attempts are made to avoid direct collisions between the jets of direct blowing and the air jets that flow in the lateral direction.
  • the lateral areas of the nozzle-carrier face of the nozzle-blow-box have been lowered so that the velocity of the lateral flow is lowered as the cross-sectional flow area becomes larger, whereby the heat-transfer effect of the blow jets coming from the holes of direct blowing placed in the lowered inclined and/or straight nozzle-carrier-face portion is improved.
  • the nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention is suitable for use for drying of the web both in one-sized/two-sided drying, in the case of low-grammage webs ( ⁇ 200 g/sq.m), and both underneath and above the web.
  • the nozzle-blow-boxes in accordance with the invention are best suitable for lower nozzles together with direct-blow boxes that operate as upper nozzles, or alone as lower nozzle boxes in one-sided drying.
  • a further advantage that is achieved by means of the geometry of the blow-carrier faces of the nozzle-blow-boxes in accordance with the invention is a smooth blow face with no sharp edges, as the air of the lateral flow is introduced out of the central V-section groove while guided by rounded faces.
  • the transfer of heat to the web can be improved by about 5...10 %, this improvement can be taken to useful use immediately in the form of reduced size of the dryer, which lowers the cost of investment of the dryer and of the machine hall substantially, and which also, indirectly, reduces the number of production interruptions and improves the operating time ratio of the dryer.
  • the advantages mentioned above are particularly important in the case of large and complicated pulp dryers.
  • a V-section groove in the middle of its carrier face, through which groove the blowings parallel to the carrier face are applied crosswise, in addition to a favourable blow/heat-transfer technique, a rigid mechanical construction is obtained, in which the V-section groove rigidifies the nozzle-carrier-face efficiently without any other rigidifying structures, which would be necessary otherwise.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view in the machine direction of a pulp dryer that makes use of the method and of a set of nozzle-blow-boxes in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the modular construction of a pulp dryer that makes use of the method and of a set of nozzle-blow-boxes of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view in the machine direction of a set of nozzle-blow-boxes in accordance with the invention and of a set of boxes of direct blowing placed above said set of boxes.
  • Figure 4 is an axonometric illustration of a nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention and of the principle of its blowings.
  • Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the construction of an upper direct-blow box.
  • Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a carrier face of a nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention and of the blow nozzles of said carrier face in more detail, together with the most important parameters of dimensioning.
  • Figures 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, and 7E illustrate different variations of different embodiments and dimensions of bevel and step formations of the nozzle-carrier faces of a nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention and of a nozzle-blow-box of reference.
  • Figure 8A shows a nozzle-blow-box as shown in Figs. 4 or 5, seen from the side of the nozzle-carrier face.
  • Figure 8B is an enlarged schematic vertical sectional view in the machine direction of a preferred geometry and dimensioning of the V-section groove of the nozzle.
  • Figure 9 illustrates different relative coefficients of heat transfer in the cases illustrated in Figs. 7A to 7E as a function of the distance of the web at a first air-blow velocity.
  • Figure 10 illustrates the corresponding measurement results in a way corresponding to Fig. 9, at a second, higher air-blow velocity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view in the machine direction of a pulp dryer that makes use of the method and of a set of nozzle-blow-boxes in accordance with the invention.
  • the dryer comprises a closed hood 12, in whose interior there is a set of nozzle-blow-boxes 30 in accordance with the invention and, placed facing said set of boxes, a set of boxes 40 of direct blowing, the web W to be dried being passed through the treatment gaps 25 formed by said sets of boxes as supported by air free of contact.
  • the pulp web W m or equivalent that is passed into the dryer is passed through the wet press 10 and over the roll 11 for regulation of the tension of the web, through an inlet opening 12a, into the hood 12, in which the web W to be dried runs as horizontal draws back and forth, being guided by guide rolls 13.
  • the dried web W is removed through an outlet opening 12b placed in the bottom part of the hood 12, being passed by the intermediate of an alignment roll 14 through a set of drive rolls 15 further (W out ).
  • the path of the web threading belt or rope is illustrated by the reference numeral 16 and by the dashed-dotted line.
  • Fig. 1 the circulation of drying air taking place inside the hood 12 is illustrated schematically by means of arrows A 1 ...A 2 .
  • the arrows A, and the air ducts 17 placed in connection with them represent the introduction of replacement air from the heat recovery, and the arrows A 2 and the air ducts 18 placed in connection with them represent the passage of the exhaust air to the heat recovery.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the modular construction of a pulp dryer that makes use of the method and of a nozzle-blow-box in accordance with the invention and whose basic principle is, e.g., similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the dryer-blower module comprises blower towers 21 and blowers, which are provided with blade wheels 22.
  • the module construction comprises heating radiators 24, through which the blow air is passed into the gap between the upper nozzles and the lower nozzles, i.e. into the web gap 25. Further, the module construction includes air filters 26.
  • At the operating side of the blower module there is a tending bridge 28, in connection with which there are servicing gates 27 for the blower motors and servicing doors 29 for the blower modules.
  • Fig. 2 shows the circulation of the drying air as illustrated by the arrows, and also the nozzle-blow-boxes 30,40 in accordance with the invention and the web gaps 25 between them.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 it is to be emphasized that, above, they have been described just as one field of application of the method and of the set of nozzle-blow-boxes 30,40 in accordance with the invention and that the method and the set of nozzle-blow-boxes 30,40 in accordance with the invention can also be applied in a great number of other environments and also in other than pulp dryers, for example in board and paper-web dryers, even though the pulp dryers are the most advantageous and primary field of application of the invention, in which several different advantages of the invention are best used for a useful purpose.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a set of nozzle-blow-boxes 30 in accordance with the invention and of an opposite set of boxes 40 of direct blowing.
  • the shorter name "lower box” will be used for the nozzle-blow-boxes 30, because they are preferably placed underneath the horizontally running web W.
  • the blow air is passed further through the heating radiators 24 shown in Fig. 2, being carried by the blower 22, back to the blow boxes.
  • Fig. 2 the heating radiators 24 shown in Fig. 2
  • the web W to be dried runs as a horizontal run through the web gap 25.
  • the web gap 25 is defined from below by the lower boxes 30, which are placed as uniformly spaced in one horizontal plane, and from above by the direct-blow boxes 40, which are placed as uniformly spaced in a horizontal plane.
  • the web W which is usually heavy (the weight of a wet pulp web may be up to ⁇ 2000 g/sq.m), is supported by means of the blowings B2 and B3.
  • blowings B 1 perpendicular to the plane of the web W are applied to the web W, the web W being dried from above by means of said blowings B,.
  • Figs. 4, 6, and 8A and 8B illustrate the construction of the lower boxes 30 in more detail.
  • a transverse groove 32 i.e. a groove 32 passing across the width of the web W, which groove is opened towards the web W.
  • the opening angle of the V-section groove 32 is denoted with a.
  • the inclined walls of the V-section groove 32 which walls are preferably plane, turn and join the horizontal plane portion 34 of the carrier face at an angle b by the intermediate of rounded portions 31b with a curve radius R.
  • Both of the inclined plane faces of the V-section groove 32 have rows of blow holes 33. These blow holes 33 are placed and directed so that the air jets B 3 coming from them are tangential to the rounded portions 31b between the plane faces, said rounded portions turning the air jets B 3 , by the Coanda effect, onto the plane portions 34 of the carrier face 31 and making the jets parallel to said plane portions.
  • the blow holes 33 are placed in the opposite sides of the V-section groove 32 as fitted in such a way staggered in relation to one another (Fig. 8) that the blowings B 3 are interlocked with one another crosswise in opposite directions.
  • one set of the blowings B 3 is parallel to the running direction of the web W and to its plane, whereas the other set of the blowings is parallel to the plane of the web W but of a direction opposite to the running direction of the web W.
  • the blowings B induce a zone of negative pressure between the web W and the carrier face 31, which zone stabilizes the web W at a certain distance H from the carrier face 31.
  • lateral portions 35 are placed, whose height in relation to the web W is lower than the height of the middle-plane portions 34 of the carrier face 31.
  • said lateral portions 35 are inclined plane bevel parts, whose distance in relation to the plane parts 34 at the edges of the nozzle box 30 is denoted with h 2 .
  • the air velocity is first substantially invariable in connection with the plane carrier-face portions 34, whereupon the air velocity is lowered in connection with the carrier-face portions 35;35b,35d,35e stepwise or continuously when moving towards the edges of the box 30 and towards the spaces 30a in the treatment gap 25.
  • the transfer of heat can be intensified considerably, as will come out later from the test results illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10.
  • the lower box 30 and the direct-blow box 40 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 are placed one above the other and one facing the other, so that the faces 41 and 31 are substantially parallel to one another and, as a rule, horizontal.
  • the faces 41 of the direct-blow boxes 40 there may be rounded portions 43, and at the edges of the carrier faces 31 of the lower boxes 30, there may be corresponding rounded portions 31a.
  • the opposite faces 31 and 41 on the lower box 30 and on the direct-blow box 40 are provided with nozzle perforations 42;36.
  • a preferred distribution of the perforations 36 on the blow box 30 comes out from Fig. 8.
  • perpendicular blowings B 1 ;B 2 are directed against the web W, the drying of the web W being promoted by means of said blowings.
  • the direct blowings B 2 will have a longer time of effect on the lower face of the web W.
  • Fig. 8B is a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the geometry and of a dimensioning example of the V-section groove 32 described above.
  • the geometry shown in Fig. 8B is symmetric in relation to the transverse vertical centre plane K-K. It is the starting point of the design of the V-section groove 32 that the air jets F, and F 2 blown from the opposite sides can be made tangential to the rounded portions 31b connected with the edges of the groove 32 so that, by the Coanda effect, said air jets turn and become parallel to the carrier face 34.
  • the area between the groove 33 and the carrier face 34 must be expressly rounded in such a way that the air starts following the carrier face 34.
  • Figs. 7A...7E show some alternative embodiments of the carrier face of the blow box 30.
  • the nozzle box 30A as shown in Fig. 7A comprises a carrier face 31, in which there are plane portions 34 at both sides of the V-section groove 32 and, after them, plane inclined bevel portions 35.
  • Fig. 7B shows a particularly advantageous blow box 30B, in which, at both sides of the V-section groove 32, there are plane portions 34b of the carrier face and, after them, step portions 37, which are perpendicular both to the first plane portions 34b of the carrier face and to the plane portions 35b of the carrier face that follow after the step portion 37.
  • the initial parts 34b of the carrier face 31 are parallel to one another and in the same horizontal plane.
  • the lateral portions of the carrier face 31 are parallel to one another and in the same horizontal plane.
  • Fig. 7B also shows a preferred dimensioning example of the nozzle box 30B.
  • a nozzle box 30C is illustrated as a reference, which box has a fully plane carrier face 31c.
  • this nozzle box 30C is not in accordance with the present invention, and it is illustrated in this connection for the sake of reference only, the results of said comparison coming out from Figs. 9 and 10, which will be described in more detail later.
  • Fig. 7D illustrates a blow box 30D in accordance with the invention, which box has relatively long plane carrier-face portions 34d and relatively short and steep, inclined lateral portions 35d.
  • a preferred dimensioning example is also given.
  • FIG. 7E an alternative modification of the blow box as shown in Fig. 7B is illustrated, which modification has relatively long plane carrier-face portions 34e and step portions 37, which are followed by relatively short carrier-face portions 35e.
  • Fig. 7E also shows an example of the construction of said blow box 30E.
  • Fig. 8A shows the relative locations and staggering of the nozzle holes 33 in the V-section groove 32 so that the blowings B 3 of opposite directions are blown crosswise.
  • the perforations 36 in the nozzle-carrier face 31 are placed in four lines, one line after the other, as staggered in such a way that the blowings B 2 and B 3 neither meet each other nor disturb each other.
  • the mutual spacing of the nozzle holes 33 is, as a rule, in a range of 20...50 mm, and, in a corresponding way, the mutual spacing of the nozzle holes 36 in the transverse direction and in the machine direction is, as a rule, in a range of 40...100 mm.
  • the diameter ⁇ of the nozzle holes 33 is chosen as related to the diameter of the direct-blow nozzles 36 in the carrier face so that the air quantity in the carrier-blowings B 3 blown through the nozzle holes 33 is about 30...60 %, preferably 35...45 %, of the overall air quantity of the blowings B 2 and B 3 .
  • the length L 1 of the bevelled or step-formed lateral portions 35,35b,35d,35e in the carrier face 31 is chosen so that it is (0.1...0.3) x L, preferably (0.2...0.25) x L, wherein L is the total length of the blow box 30 in the machine direction. Said length L is, as a rule, in a range of L ⁇ 300...500 mm.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate test results obtained with nozzles as shown in Figs. 7A...7E graphically.
  • the vertical axis represents the relative heat transfer coefficient ⁇ R
  • the horizontal axis represents the distance of the web W from the carrier face 31, expressly from its plane portion 34.
  • the letter symbol corresponds to the curves A...E in Figs. 9 and 10.
  • the most advantageous embodiment of the invention is, according to the present-day opinion and on the basis of the available measurement results, the blow-nozzle box 30A as shown in Fig. 7A.
  • a carrier face 34b,35b with a steep step formation (37), as shown in Fig. 7B is optimal in view of the transfer of heat, but a nozzle-blow-box 30A as shown in Fig. 7A, which is provided with continuously lowering ramp-formed lateral portions 35 of the carrier face, is preferable in an overall consideration, because, in it, the risk of formation of a "cigar" is lower, for the geometry of the blow face does not include sharp angles.
  • a nozzle-blow-box 30A as shown in Fig. 7A (also in respect of its dimensions) is the best embodiment of the invention in a case in which the distance, e.g., of a pulp web W from the horizontal portion 34 of the carrier face 31 is ⁇ 5 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zum Trocknen von Materialbahnen in einem Lufttrockner, insbesondere Materialbahnen relativ hohen Flachengewichts, wie etwa Stoffbahnen, in welchem Verfahren Warme zu der Bahn (W) transferiert wird, wobei die Bahn (W) berührungsfrei mittels Luft abgestützt wird und der Verlauf der Bahn (W) durch den Trockner mit Hilfe von Luftstrahlen (B2, B3) stabilisiert wird, die von einer unterhalb der Bahn (W) platzierten Düsentragerfläche (31) aufgetragen werden, welche Luftstrahlen (B3) aufweisen, die im wesentlichen zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) parallel sind, und zwar ausgerichtet in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) und entgegengesetzt zu der Laufrichtung, die über Kreuz aus einer Nut (32) geblasen werden, die in der Mitte der Düsenträgerfläche (31) quer zu der Laufrichtung der Bahn vorgesehen ist, wobei die Dusentragerflache (31) Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) aufweist, die an beiden Seiten der Nut (32) vorgesehen sind, die in derselben Ebene parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) platziert sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       Luftstrahlen (B2) im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Bahn (W) von Düsenlöchern (36) ausgetragen werden, die in den Flachabschnitten (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) und in Seitenabschnitten (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) der Düsenträgerfläche (31) vorgesehen sind, die an der Seite jedes Flachabschnitts (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) gegenuberliegend zu der Nut (32) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) rampenartig und/oder stufenartig auf ein Niveau abgesenkt werden, das niedriger ist als das der Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e), wodurch der Querschnittsstromungsbereich zwischen der Bahn (B) und der Dusentragerflache (31) in den Seitenabschnitten (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) derart erhöht wird, dass die Geschwindigkeit der Luftströmung parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn in dem Bereich der Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) im Vergleich zu der Geschwindigkeit einer Luftströmung parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn in dem Bereich der Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) abgesenkt ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Anzahl der Düsenträgerflächen (31) angewendet wird, die mittels der Oberseite einer Anzahl von Düsenblaskästen (30) gebildet sind, die unterhalb der Bahn (W) platziert sind.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit Hilfe der stufenartig und/oder rampenartig abgesenkten Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) der Düsenträgerfläche (31) sowohl der Warmetransfer von der Trockenluft zu der Bahn (W) optimiert wird als auch die Höhe (H) des luftgetragenen Verlaufes der zu trocknenden Bahn (W), die relativ zu der Dusentragerflache (31) gestützt ist, reguliert wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallelen Luftstrahlen (B3), die von der Nut (32) ausgeübt werden, aus Dusenöffnungen (33) im wesentlichen tangential zu gekrümmten Führungsflächen (31b) ausgerichtet sind, die die Wande der Nut mit den Flachabschnitten (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) der Dusentragerflache (31) verbinden, wobei mit Hilfe dieser Flächen mittels des Coanda-Effekts die Blasungen (B3) um einen bestimmten Winkel (b) umgeschwenkt werden, um diese parallel zu den Flachabschnitten und parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W), die in ihrer Nahe verläuft, zu gestalten.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blasluftmenge der parallelen Luftstrahlen (B3), die entlang der Düsenträgerfläche (31) uber Kreuz und parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) geblasen werden, 30 bis 60%, bevorzugt etwa 35 bis 45% der Gesamtblasluftmenge des Dusenblaskastens (30) betragt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallelen Luftstrahlen (B3) in den Seitenbereichen (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) der Düsenträgerfläche (31) uber eine Lange (L1) parallel zu dem Verlauf der Bahn (W) verlangsamt werden, welche Lange L1 ausgewählt ist als L1 = (0,1 bis 0,3) x L, bevorzugt L1 = (0,2 bis 0,25) x L, wobei L die Gesamtlange der Dusentragerflache (31) ist, die abermals in einem Bereich von L = 300 bis 500 mm ausgewählt wurde.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blasluft der Blasluftdüsenblaskästen (30) aus einem Trocknungs- und Stützspalt (25) abgezogen wird, der zwischen der Bahn (W) und den Düsenträgerflächen (31) ausgebildet ist, und zwar durch zwischen den Dusenblaskasten (30) platzierte Räume (30a).
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gegenüberliegend zu den Blaskästen (30), die unterhalb der zu trocknenden und zu stützenden Bahn platziert sind, obere Direktblaskästen (40) angewendet werden, aus welchen weitere Luftstrahlen (B1) im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) ausgerichtet sind, in welchem Falle die Bahn (W) zweiseitig getrocknet wird.
  9. Lufttrockner zur Trocknung einer Materialbahn (W), wobei der Lufttrockner einen unterhalb der Bahn (W) platzierten Düsenblaskasten (30; 30A, 30B; 30D; 30E) aufweist, durch den Luftstrahlen (B2, B3) auf die Bahn (W) ausgeübt werden, wobei mit Hilfe der Luftstrahlen (B2, B3) Warme zu der Bahn (W) übertragen wird und eine beruhrungsfreie Luftstützung und Stabilisierung des Verlaufes der Bahn (W) erhalten wird, wobei der Dusenblaskasten (30; 30A; 30B; 30D; 30E) ein Kastenteil aufweist, das mit einer Düsenträgerfläche (31) versehen ist, die der Bahn (W) zugewandt ist, wobei die Düsenträgerfläche (31) aufweist:
    a) eine Nut (32) mit einem im wesentlichen V-förmigen Querschnitt, die in der Mitte der Düsenträgerfläche (31) quer zu der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) vorgesehen ist, welche Nut (32) in Richtung auf die Bahn (W) geöffnet ist und in deren gegenüberliegenden Wanden Reihen von Düsenlöchern (33) vorhanden sind, so dass aus den Reihen von Düsenlöchern (33) Stütz- und Stabilisierungsluftstrahlen (B3) über Kreuz geblasen werden, und zwar im wesentlichen parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) und entgegengesetzt zu der Laufrichtung; und
    b) Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e), die an beiden Seiten der Nut (32) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) in derselben Ebene parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) platziert sind; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Dusentragerfläche (31) ferner aufweist:
    c) Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b, 35d; 35e), die an der Seite jedes der Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) gegenüberliegend der Nut (32) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) rampenartig und/oder stufenartig auf ein Niveau abgesenkt sind, das niedriger ist als die Flachabschnitte (34; 34b; 34d; 34e), um weiter weg von der Bahn (W) platziert zu sein; und
    d) Düsenlöcher (36) in den Flachabschnitten (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) und den Seitenabschnitten (35; 35b, 35d; 35e), durch die zusätzliche Luftstrahlen (B2) im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) ausgeübt werden; wobei
       die Anordnung derart ist, dass die Geschwindigkeit der Luftstromung parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn (W) in dem Bereich der Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) im Vergleich mit der Geschwindigkeit der Luftströmung parallel zu der Ebene der Bahn in dem Bereich der Flachabschnitte (34; 34b, 34d; 34e) abgesenkt ist.
  10. Lufttrockner nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Ausdehnungen beider Flachwände der Nut (32) mit V-Querschnitt mittels gekrümmter Koanda-Führungsflächen (31b) ausgebildet sind, die die Flachwände mit den Flachabschnitten (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) der Dusentragerflache (31) verbinden, und dass die Dusenlocher (33), die in den Wänden der Nuten (32) mit V-Querschnitt vorgesehen sind, in einer solchen Weise angebracht sind, dass die Hauptrichtung der Luftstrahlen (B3), die aus diesen ausgestoßen wird, im wesentlichen tangential zu der gekrümmten Koanda-Fuhrungsflache (31b) ist, die dieser zugewandt platziert ist.
  11. Lufttrockner nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel (a) zu zwischen den Flachwänden der Nut (32) mit V-Querschnitt in einem Bereich a = 50° bis 90° liegt, und dass die Tiefe h1 der Nut mit V-Querschnitt bei h1 = (2 bis 5) x ϕ liegt, wobei ϕ der Durchmesser der Nutlöcher in den Wanden der Nut (32) mit V-Querschnitt ist.
  12. Lufttrockner nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bezuglich ihrer Länge L1 in der Laufrichtung der Materialbahn (W) die stufenartig und/oder rampenartig abgesenkten Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) der Dusentragerflache (31) des Düsenblaskastens derart ausgewählt worden ist, dass gilt: L1 = (0,1 bis 0,3) x L, bevorzugt L1 (0,2 bis 0,25) x L, wobei L die Gesamtlänge des Düsenblaskastens (30) in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) ist, welche Länge in einen Bereich von L = 300 bis 500 mm ausgewählt worden ist, und dass der Maximalunterschied in der Höhe (h2) der Seitenabschnitte (35; 35b; 35d; 35e) im Vergleich mit den Flachabschnitten (34; 34b; 34d; 34e) der Dusentragerflache (31) in einem Bereich von h2 = 7 bis 15 mm, bevorzugt h2 ≈ 10 mm ausgewählt worden ist.
  13. Lufttrockner nach einem der Anspruche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenlöcher (33) in der Nut (32) mit V-Querschnitt in den gegenuberliegenden Wänden der Nut mit V-Querschnitt platziert sind, und zwar alternativ versetzt und im wesentlichen gleichmaßig beabstandet, welcher Abstand in einem Bereich von 20 bis 50 mm ausgewählt worden ist, und dass die Düsenlocher (36) in der Dusenträgerfläche (31), durch die die zusätzlichen Luftstrahlen (B2) im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Ebene der Bahn ausgeubt werden, in versetzter Beziehung zu den Dusenlochern (33) in der Nut (32) mit V-Querschnitt angeordnet sind und in 3 bis 5 Querreihen in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) und im wesentlichen gleichmäßig beabstandet sowohl in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) als auch in der Querrichtung platziert sind, welcher Abstand in einem Bereich von 40 bis 100 mm ausgewahlt worden ist.
  14. Stofflufttrockner nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13 mit einer Anzahl der Dusenblaskasten (30), wobei die Düsenblaskästen (30) in der Richtung des Verlaufs einer Stoffbahn (W) nacheinander in derselben Horizontalebene an horizontalen Abständen (30a) voneinander platziert sind, durch welche Abstände (30a) die Luft, die die Stoffbahn (W) stützt, trocknet und stabilisiert, hauptsachlich von Behandlungsspalten (25), die zwischen der Düsenträgerfläche (31) der Düsenblaskästen (30) und der Stoffbahn (W) gebildet sind, abgezogen wird, und wobei mehrere Reihen der Dusenblaskästen (30) vorhanden sind, die übereinander platziert sind, so dass die zu trocknende Stoffbahn (W) horizontal zwischen den Reihen vor und zurück innerhalb einer Haube (12) verlauft, und die Laufrichtung der Stoffbahn (W) zwischen den Vor- und Zurückläufen mit Hilfe von Umkehrwalzen (13) umgekehrt wird.
  15. Stofftrockner nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stofftrockner Direktblaskasten (40) aufweist, die gegenüberliegend den Düsenblaskästen (30) platziert sind, und zwar oberhalb der Materialbahn (W), wobei die Direktblaskästen (40) Düsenoffnungen oder -schlitze (42) aufweisen, die in einer ebenen Flache (41) der Kästen platziert sind, die der Bahn (W) zur Auftragung von Luftstrahlen (B1) im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Bahn zugewandt ist, wobei zwischen den Direktblaskästen (40) Zwischenräume (40a) vorhanden sind, durch die Luft der Luftstrahlen (B1) weitergeleitet wird.
  16. Stofftrockner nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb der Bahn (W) die Düsenblaskästen (30) platziert sind und die Direktblaskästen (40), die diesen entgegengesetzt platziert sind, im Vergleich zueinander von gleicher Länge sind, und zwar in der Laufrichtung der Bahn (W) und einer dem anderen gleichmaßig zugewandt platziert.
EP93103768A 1992-03-19 1993-03-09 Verfahren zum Lufttrocknen von freigeführten Materialbahnen and Lufttrockner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0561256B1 (de)

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FI921193A FI92421B (fi) 1992-03-19 1992-03-19 Menetelmä ainesratojen ilmakuivatuksessa, ilmakuivattimen suutin-puhalluslaatikko ja sellukuivatin
FI921193 1992-03-19

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AU2007321145B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2010-12-16 Metso Paper, Inc. End part of an air dryer, air dryer, method in the end part of an air dryer and use of fan
CN101578416B (zh) * 2006-12-06 2011-11-30 安德里茨技术资产管理有限公司 烘干箱
US8088255B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-01-03 Honeywell Asca Inc Sheet stabilizer with dual inline machine direction air clamps and backsteps

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CN102733244B (zh) * 2012-07-12 2015-04-01 山东太阳纸业股份有限公司 一种防止溶解浆板机干燥箱内刮纸的方法及其结构
SE538854C2 (sv) 2014-01-09 2017-01-03 Valmet Oy Rullstol för mottagande och upprullning av en pappersbana, som kommer från en torkcylinder i en pappersmaskin, till en rulle, samt en pappersmaskin som använder en rullstol
WO2015173835A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-19 Inspiron Engineering Private Limited A manifold
CN105066619A (zh) * 2015-07-23 2015-11-18 滁州金春无纺布有限公司 一种可自动穿引布料的纺织烘燥设备
CN107940922A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-20 深圳市共享能源技术有限公司 箱式热泵干燥箱
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AU2007321145B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2010-12-16 Metso Paper, Inc. End part of an air dryer, air dryer, method in the end part of an air dryer and use of fan
CN101578416B (zh) * 2006-12-06 2011-11-30 安德里茨技术资产管理有限公司 烘干箱
US8088255B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-01-03 Honeywell Asca Inc Sheet stabilizer with dual inline machine direction air clamps and backsteps

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BR9301228A (pt) 1993-09-21
EP0561256A1 (de) 1993-09-22
FI921193A (fi) 1993-09-20
CN1031656C (zh) 1996-04-24
JP3305802B2 (ja) 2002-07-24
ATE203071T1 (de) 2001-07-15
KR0172974B1 (ko) 1999-03-30
KR930019930A (ko) 1993-10-19
FI92421B (fi) 1994-07-29
CA2092004A1 (en) 1993-09-20
DE69330413T2 (de) 2002-06-20
ES2159510T3 (es) 2001-10-16
DE69330413D1 (de) 2001-08-16
CA2092004C (en) 1998-05-19
JPH06248593A (ja) 1994-09-06
FI921193A0 (fi) 1992-03-19

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