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EP0544105B1 - Energy efficient piston type compressor - Google Patents

Energy efficient piston type compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0544105B1
EP0544105B1 EP92118157A EP92118157A EP0544105B1 EP 0544105 B1 EP0544105 B1 EP 0544105B1 EP 92118157 A EP92118157 A EP 92118157A EP 92118157 A EP92118157 A EP 92118157A EP 0544105 B1 EP0544105 B1 EP 0544105B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction valve
piston
lamella
type compressor
valve lamella
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92118157A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0544105A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Spurny
Hans Unger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Original Assignee
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH, Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH filed Critical Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Publication of EP0544105A1 publication Critical patent/EP0544105A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0544105B1 publication Critical patent/EP0544105B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/16—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by adjusting the capacity of dead spaces of working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F04B39/1086—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves flat annular reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • F04B49/243—Bypassing by keeping open the inlet valve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an energy-saving piston compressor, in particular for the compressed air supply in motor vehicles, with a pressure-dependent switchable idle device for the suction valve provided with a suction valve lamella, the suction valve lamella being perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the cylinder of the piston compressor assigned to it and overlapping the suction valve openings of a valve plate and the Pressure valve openings in the valve plate releasing working position and in an idle position at least partially releasing the suction valve openings and at least partially covering the pressure valve openings can be moved in a straight line, and with a pneumatic piston drive for displacing the suction valve lamella against the force of a spring from the working position to the idling position.
  • Such a piston compressor is known from DE-OS-39 09 531.
  • the suction valve lamella is provided near its piston drive end with two oblong holes arranged in mirror image to a central plane, through which fixed guide bolts engage; As a result, the suction valve lamella experiences only a poor parallel guidance in its direction of displacement.
  • the piston drive is arranged offset to the suction valve lamella in the direction of the cylinder axis and has one to the cylinder axis and to the displacement direction of the suction valve lamella, the piston drive axis runs at right angles.
  • the piston of the piston drive which can be pressurized with compressed air on the one hand and is spring-loaded on the other hand, is coupled by means of a pin to a rotary lever which, in turn, can shift the suction valve lamella by means of a further pin.
  • the coupling of the rotary lever to the suction valve lamella is not in the median plane already mentioned, the suction valve lamella thereby experiences a one-sided drive, which can exert a torque to be absorbed by the suction lamella guide on the suction valve lamella.
  • the known piston compressor is thus structurally and kinematically complex with regard to the drive of its suction valve lamella.
  • suction valve lamella viewed in its direction of displacement, has guide surfaces running near its two ends parallel to the direction of displacement and to the cylinder axis, which have sliding surfaces in parallel with them on the valve plate or on parts firmly held on it, with parallel surfaces stand.
  • valve plate 1 which can be placed on the cylinder end of the piston compressor by means of a sealing washer 2, which has the outline 3 shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1, and is to be held by means of screw bolts penetrating through the bores 4.
  • the bore of the cylinder corresponds to line 5
  • the cylinder axis 6 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the valve plate 1 is provided with a flat recess 7, the outline of which corresponds to line 8.
  • a suction valve lamella 9 In the recess 7 there is a suction valve lamella 9, which is approximately annular in a known manner. In its working position shown in the right part of FIG.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 overlaps the suction valve openings 11 in the valve plate 1 with its oscillating area 10, which is oscillatable at right angles to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1; it lies in its idle state with resilient internal stress on the mouths of the suction valve openings 11.
  • the pressure valve openings 13 of the valve plate 1 openly open into the free, approximately circular interior 14 of the suction valve lamella 9 in their working position directly at the clamping area end of the interior 14.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 In its clamping area 12, the suction valve lamella 9 is displaceable at right angles to the cylinder axis 6, but cannot be lifted off the valve plate 1; in this area it can be in a flat space formed by the recess 7 between the valve plate 1 and the upper limit of the cylinder or engage the sealing washer 2.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 is in the recess 7 in the direction of a connecting line from its clamping area 12 to hers Vibration range 10 is displaceable, the displacement direction thus runs in the direction of a plane 15 containing the cylinder axis 6 and at right angles to the plane of the drawing.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 is arranged with two flaps that are mirror images of the center plane 15 and laterally offset, projecting parallel to the displacement direction 16 provided.
  • the side surfaces of the tabs 16 facing away from one another are formed to guide surfaces 17 which run parallel to the central plane 15, that is to say parallel to the direction of displacement and to the cylinder axis 6.
  • the guide surfaces 17 are in sliding engagement with corresponding counter surfaces 18, which form part of the outline according to line 8 of the recess 7.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 is provided with a broad, projecting tab, the side surfaces of which form parallel guide surfaces 17 'to the guide surfaces 17', which are also in sliding engagement with opposite surfaces 18 'on the side wall of the recess 7. Due to the guide surfaces 17, 17 'and their counter surfaces 18, 18', the suction valve lamella 9 experiences an exact and kinematically favorable sliding guide with a large guide length parallel to the central plane 15, so there is no risk of rotation and therefore jamming for the suction valve lamella 9.
  • the guide parts 22 each carry one in parallel to the cylinder axis 6 extending pin 24, which extend through an elongated hole-like opening 25 in the wall of the cylinder 19 and are connected at their end to the suction valve lamella 9.
  • a spring 26 is clamped between the stop-side end of the guide parts 22 and the bottom of the cylinders 19.
  • the pressure medium connections 21 are connected in a not shown, conventional manner to a control line, the pressurization of which can be switched by a pressure regulator, which in turn is switched by the pressure in an air container to be charged by the piston compressor, such that the pressure medium connections 21 are vented when the pressure drops below a lower pressure threshold in the air container , on the other hand, compressed air is applied when an upper pressure threshold is exceeded.
  • the pistons 20 and guide parts 22 are under the force of the springs 26 in their end position facing away from the cylinder axis 6, as shown in FIG. 1, right half.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 is in its end position on the piston drive side, which is the working position: by lifting the oscillating area 10 of the suction valve lamella 9 from the mouths of the suction valve openings 11, air can be sucked into the cylinder space of the piston compressor during the suction stroke and then during the compression stroke through the open pressure valve openings 13 compacted can be pushed out again.
  • the piston compressor works in the usual way.
  • the pistons 20 are moved against the force of the springs 26 in the direction of the cylinder axis 6 until the stops 23 are placed against the bottom of the respective cylinder 19, as shown on the left in FIG.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 is taken along via the pins 24, so it undergoes a linear displacement into its idle position, in which it at least partially releases the suction valve openings 11 at least partially and the pressure valve openings 13 at least partially, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment completely covers. Compressed air can practically no longer be conveyed by the piston compressor in this idling position; when its piston rises and falls, air is only sucked out of its suction chamber into the cylinder chamber.
  • the suction valve lamella 9 When the pressure medium connections 21 are subsequently vented, the suction valve lamella 9 returns to its working position under the force of the springs 26. As already mentioned, the suction valve lamella 9, via its guide surfaces 17, 17 'and the counter surfaces 18, 18', is given good guidance which prevents them from being tilted and tilted during the displacement movements.
  • the guide parts 22 can be formed in one piece or in one piece with the associated pistons 20, furthermore the two pressurization spaces for both pistons 20 can be connected to a common pressure medium connection 21 through an air guide channel running in the valve plate 1, the second pressure medium connection can omitted.
  • the greater height of the recess 7 in the oscillating area 10 can be achieved by a corresponding thickness of the plate mentioned which exceeds the thickness of the suction valve lamella 9, in the clamping area 12 this height can be reduced to a value corresponding to the thickness of the suction valve lamella 9 by an insert.
  • the two tabs 16 it is possible to use only one for the central plane 15 provide symmetrical tab, which is provided on both sides with guide surfaces.
  • the valve plate 1 can also form part of the cylinder head, the latter, as is known, must have mounting options for the pressure valve.
  • the piston compressor is equipped with a linearly displaceable suction valve lamella (9) which, by linear displacement, overlaps the suction valve openings (11) and releases the pressure valve openings (13) and a working position which at least partially releases the suction valve openings (11) and at least partially covers the pressure valve openings (13) Idle position is adjustable.
  • guide surfaces (17, 17 ') are provided on the two ends lying in the direction of movement parallel to the displacement direction, which have corresponding mating surfaces on the valve plate (1) or parts connected to it to be in sliding engagement.
  • Piston drives (27) are provided for displacing the suction valve lamella (9), the axial direction of which runs parallel to the displacement direction and which are coupled to the suction valve lamella (9) by means of pins (24).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen energiesparenden Kolbenverdichter, insbesondere für die Druckluftversorgung in Kraftfahrzeugen, mit einer druckabhängig schaltbaren Leerlaufeinrichtung für das mit einer Saugventillamelle versehene Saugventil, wobei die Saugventillamelle rechtwinklig zur Zylinderachse des ihr zugeordneten Zylinders des Kolbenverdichters in eine die Saugventilöffnungen einer Ventilplatte überlappende und die Druckventilöffnungen in der Ventilplatte freigebende Arbeitsstellung und in eine die Saugventilöffnungen wenigstens teilweise frei gebende und die Druckventilöffnungen wenigstens teilweise überdeckende Leerlaufstellung geradlinig verschieblich ist, und mit einem pneumatischen Kolbenantrieb zum Verschieben der Saugventillamelle gegen der Kraft einer Feder aus der Arbeits- in die Leerlaufstellung.The invention relates to an energy-saving piston compressor, in particular for the compressed air supply in motor vehicles, with a pressure-dependent switchable idle device for the suction valve provided with a suction valve lamella, the suction valve lamella being perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the cylinder of the piston compressor assigned to it and overlapping the suction valve openings of a valve plate and the Pressure valve openings in the valve plate releasing working position and in an idle position at least partially releasing the suction valve openings and at least partially covering the pressure valve openings can be moved in a straight line, and with a pneumatic piston drive for displacing the suction valve lamella against the force of a spring from the working position to the idling position.

Ein derartiger Kolbenverdichter ist aus der DE-OS-39 09 531 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Ausführung ist die Saugventillamelle nahe ihres kolbenantriebsseitigen Endes mit zwei spiegelbildlich zu einer Mittelebene geordneten Langlöchern versehen, durch welche feste Führungsbolzen greifen; die Saugventillamelle erfährt hierdurch nur eine mangelhafte Parallelführung in ihrer Verschieberichtung. Der Kolbenantrieb ist in Richtung der Zylinderachse versetzt zur Saugventillamelle angeordnet und weist eine zur Zylinderachse und zur Verschieberichtung der Saugventillamelle rechtwinklig verlaufende Kolbenantriebsachse auf. Der einerseits druckluftbeaufschlagbare und andererseits federbelastete Kolben des Kolbenantriebes ist vermittels eines Stiftes mit einem Drehhebel gekoppelt, der seinerseits vermittels eines weiteren Stiftes die Saugventillamelle zu verschieben vermag. Die Koppelung des Drehhebels mit der Saugventillamelle liegt nicht in der bereits erwähnten Mittelebene, die Saugventillamelle erfährt dadurch einen einseitigen Antrieb, welcher ein von der Sauglamellenführung aufzunehmendes Drehmoment auf die Saugventillamelle ausüben kann. Der bekannte Kolbenverdichter ist somit hinsichtlich des Antriebes seiner Saugventillamelle baulich und kinematisch aufwendig.Such a piston compressor is known from DE-OS-39 09 531. In this known embodiment, the suction valve lamella is provided near its piston drive end with two oblong holes arranged in mirror image to a central plane, through which fixed guide bolts engage; As a result, the suction valve lamella experiences only a poor parallel guidance in its direction of displacement. The piston drive is arranged offset to the suction valve lamella in the direction of the cylinder axis and has one to the cylinder axis and to the displacement direction of the suction valve lamella, the piston drive axis runs at right angles. The piston of the piston drive, which can be pressurized with compressed air on the one hand and is spring-loaded on the other hand, is coupled by means of a pin to a rotary lever which, in turn, can shift the suction valve lamella by means of a further pin. The coupling of the rotary lever to the suction valve lamella is not in the median plane already mentioned, the suction valve lamella thereby experiences a one-sided drive, which can exert a torque to be absorbed by the suction lamella guide on the suction valve lamella. The known piston compressor is thus structurally and kinematically complex with regard to the drive of its suction valve lamella.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, für einen Kolbenverdichter der eingangs genannten Art eine baulich einfache und kinematisch günstige Schiebeführung zu schaffen, welche in weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung mit einem ebenfalls einfach und kinematisch günstigen Kolbenantrieb kombinierbar ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a structurally simple and kinematically favorable sliding guide for a piston compressor of the type mentioned, which in a further embodiment of the invention can be combined with a likewise simple and kinematically favorable piston drive.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Saugventillamelle in ihrer Verschieberichtung gesehen nahe ihrer beiden Enden parallel zur Verschieberichtung und zur Zylinderachse verlaufende Führungsflächen aufweist, die mit an der Ventilplatte oder an an dieser fest gehalterten Teilen angeordneten, zu ihnen parallelen Gegenflächen in Schiebeeingriff stehen.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the suction valve lamella, viewed in its direction of displacement, has guide surfaces running near its two ends parallel to the direction of displacement and to the cylinder axis, which have sliding surfaces in parallel with them on the valve plate or on parts firmly held on it, with parallel surfaces stand.

Nach der weiteren Erfindung vorteilhafte, weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten eines derartigen Kolbenverdichters sind den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche entnehmbar.Advantageous further design options of such a piston compressor can be found in the features of the subclaims.

In der Zeichnung ist als Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung ein nach dieser ausgebildeter Kolbenverdichter in seinen für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teilen schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigt

Fig.1
die zylinderseitige Ansicht einer Ventilplatte mit an ihr gehalterter Saugventillamelle und
Fig.2
eine Seitenansicht der Ventilplatte von seiten des Kolbenantriebes.
In the drawing, as an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a piston compressor designed according to the invention is shown schematically in its parts essential for the invention, namely shows
Fig. 1
the cylinder-side view of a valve plate with attached suction valve lamella and
Fig. 2
a side view of the valve plate from the side of the piston drive.

In den Zeichnungen ist eine Ventilplatte 1 dargestellt, welche vermittels einer Dichtscheibe 2, welche den in Fig.1 strichpunktiert eingezeichneten Umriß 3 aufweist, auf das Zylinderende des Kolbenverdichters aufsetzbar und mittels die Bohrungen 4 durchgreifender Schraubbolzen zu haltern ist. Die Bohrung des Zylinders entspricht der Linie 5, die Zylinderachse 6 verläuft rechtwinklig zur Zeichenebene. Die Ventilplatte 1 ist mit einer flachen Ausnehmung 7 versehen, deren Umriß der Linie 8 entspricht. In der Ausnehmung 7 befindet sich eine Saugventillamelle 9, welche in bekannter Weise etwa ringförmig gestaltet ist. In ihrer im rechten Teilbild der Fig.1 dargestellten Arbeitsstellung überlappt die Saugventillamelle 9 mit ihrem Schwingbereich 10, welcher rechtwinklig zur Zeichenebene der Fig.1 schwingfähig ist, die Saugventilöffnungen 11 in der Ventilplatte 1, sie liegt in ihrem Ruhezustand mit federnder Eigenspannung auf den Mündungen der Saugventilöffnungen 11 auf. Andererseits, nahe des Einspannbereiches 12 der Saugventillamelle 9, münden die Druckventilöffnungen 13 der Ventilplatte 1 in deren Arbeitsstellung offen in den freien, etwa kreisförmigen Innenraum 14 der Saugventillamelle 9 unmittelbar am einspannbereichsseitigen Ende des Innenraumes 14 ein. In ihrem Einspannbereich 12 ist die Saugventillamelle 9 rechtwinklig zur Zylinderachse 6 verschieblich, aber nicht von der Ventilplatte 1 abhebbar gelagert, sie kann in diesem Bereich in einem flachen, durch die Ausnehmung 7 gebildeten Raum zwischen der Ventilplatte 1 und der oberen Begrenzung des Zylinders bzw. der Dichtscheibe 2 eingreifen.In the drawings, a valve plate 1 is shown, which can be placed on the cylinder end of the piston compressor by means of a sealing washer 2, which has the outline 3 shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1, and is to be held by means of screw bolts penetrating through the bores 4. The bore of the cylinder corresponds to line 5, the cylinder axis 6 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The valve plate 1 is provided with a flat recess 7, the outline of which corresponds to line 8. In the recess 7 there is a suction valve lamella 9, which is approximately annular in a known manner. In its working position shown in the right part of FIG. 1, the suction valve lamella 9 overlaps the suction valve openings 11 in the valve plate 1 with its oscillating area 10, which is oscillatable at right angles to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1; it lies in its idle state with resilient internal stress on the mouths of the suction valve openings 11. On the other hand, near the clamping area 12 of the suction valve lamella 9, the pressure valve openings 13 of the valve plate 1 openly open into the free, approximately circular interior 14 of the suction valve lamella 9 in their working position directly at the clamping area end of the interior 14. In its clamping area 12, the suction valve lamella 9 is displaceable at right angles to the cylinder axis 6, but cannot be lifted off the valve plate 1; in this area it can be in a flat space formed by the recess 7 between the valve plate 1 and the upper limit of the cylinder or engage the sealing washer 2.

Die Saugventillamelle 9 ist in der Ausnehmung 7 in Richtung einer Verbindungslinie von ihrem Einspannbereich 12 zu ihrem Schwingbereich 10 verschieblich, die Verschieberichtung verläuft also in Richtung einer zur Zeichenebene rechtwinkligen, die Zylinderachse 6 beinhaltenden Mittel ebene 15. In ihrem Schwingbereich 10 ist die Saugventillamelle 9 mit zwei spiegelbildlich zur Mittel ebene 15 angeordneten und zu dieser seitlich versetzten, parallel zur Verschieberichtung vorspringenden Laschen 16 versehen. Die einander abgewandten Seitenflächen der Laschen 16 sind zu Führungsflächen 17 ausgebildet, welche parallel zur Mittelebene 15, also parallel zur Verschieberichtung und zur Zylinderachse 6, verlaufen. Die Führungsflächen 17 stehen mit entsprechenden Gegenflächen 18 in Schiebeeingriff, welche einen Teil des Umrisses gemäß Linie 8 der Ausnehmung 7 bilden. Gegenüberliegend, im Einspannbereich 12, ist die Saugventillamelle 9 mit einer breiten, vorspringenden Lasche versehen, deren Seitenflächen zu den Führungsflächen 17 parallele Führungsflächen 17' bilden, welche ebenfalls in Schiebeeingriff mit ihnen gegenüberstehenden Gegenflächen 18' an der Seitenwandung der Ausnehmung 7 stehen. Durch die Führungsflächen 17,17' und deren Gegenflächen 18,18' erfährt die Saugventillamelle 9 eine exakte und kinematisch günstige Schiebeführung mit großer Führungslänge parallel zur Mittel ebene 15, es besteht somit keine Dreh- und damit Verklemmungsgefahr für die Saugventillamelle 9.The suction valve lamella 9 is in the recess 7 in the direction of a connecting line from its clamping area 12 to hers Vibration range 10 is displaceable, the displacement direction thus runs in the direction of a plane 15 containing the cylinder axis 6 and at right angles to the plane of the drawing. In its oscillation range 10, the suction valve lamella 9 is arranged with two flaps that are mirror images of the center plane 15 and laterally offset, projecting parallel to the displacement direction 16 provided. The side surfaces of the tabs 16 facing away from one another are formed to guide surfaces 17 which run parallel to the central plane 15, that is to say parallel to the direction of displacement and to the cylinder axis 6. The guide surfaces 17 are in sliding engagement with corresponding counter surfaces 18, which form part of the outline according to line 8 of the recess 7. Opposite, in the clamping area 12, the suction valve lamella 9 is provided with a broad, projecting tab, the side surfaces of which form parallel guide surfaces 17 'to the guide surfaces 17', which are also in sliding engagement with opposite surfaces 18 'on the side wall of the recess 7. Due to the guide surfaces 17, 17 'and their counter surfaces 18, 18', the suction valve lamella 9 experiences an exact and kinematically favorable sliding guide with a large guide length parallel to the central plane 15, so there is no risk of rotation and therefore jamming for the suction valve lamella 9.

In Richtung der Zylinderachse 6 versetzt befinden sich in der Ventilplatte 1 seitlich versetzt zur Mittelebene 15 zwei zu dieser Mittelebene 15 parallel verlaufende Zylinder 19, in welchen Kolben 20 abgedichtet verschieblich geführt sind. Die auf ihrer der Zylinderachse 6 abgewandten Seite über Druckmittelanschlüsse 21 mit Druckluft beaufschlagbaren Kolben 20 sind seitens der Zylinderachse 6 mit im wesentlichen zylindrischen, ebenfalls in den Zylindern 19 geführten Führungsteilen 22 gekoppelt, welche kolbenabgewandt sich vermittels eines Anschlages 23 zur Begrenzung ihrer Hubbewegung in einer der linksseitig in Fig.1 dargestellten Leerlaufstellung der Saugventillamelle 9 entsprechenden Lage gegen die Böden der Zylinder 19 anzulegen vermögen. Die Führungsteile 22 tragen je einen parallel zur Zylinderachse 6 verlaufenden Stift 24, welcher eine langlochartige Öffnung 25 in der Wandung der Zylinder 19 durchragen und an ihrem Ende mit der Saugventillamelle 9 verbunden sind. Zwischen das anschlagseitige Ende der Führungsteile 22 und den Boden der Zylinder 19 ist jeweils eine Feder 26 eingespannt. Die Druckmittelanschlüsse 21 sind in nicht dargestellter, üblicher Weise an eine Steuerleitung angeschlossen, deren Druckbeaufschlagung von einem Druckregler schaltbar ist, der seinerseits vom Druck in einem vom Kolbenverdichter aufzuladenden Luftbehälter geschaltet wird, derart, daß bei Unterschreiten einer unteren Druckschwelle im Luftbehälter die Druckmittelanschlüsse 21 entlüftet, bei Überschreiten einer oberen Druckschwelle dagegen mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden.Staggered in the direction of the cylinder axis 6, in the valve plate 1 there are laterally offset to the central plane 15 two cylinders 19 which run parallel to this central plane 15 and in which pistons 20 are guided so as to be displaceable in a sealed manner. The pistons 20 which can be pressurized with compressed air on their side facing away from the cylinder axis 6 via pressure medium connections 21 are coupled on the cylinder axis 6 side to essentially cylindrical guide parts 22, which are also guided in the cylinders 19 and which face away from the piston by means of a stop 23 to limit their stroke movement in one of the 1 idle position of the suction valve lamella 9 corresponding position against the bottoms of the cylinders 19 are able to create. The guide parts 22 each carry one in parallel to the cylinder axis 6 extending pin 24, which extend through an elongated hole-like opening 25 in the wall of the cylinder 19 and are connected at their end to the suction valve lamella 9. A spring 26 is clamped between the stop-side end of the guide parts 22 and the bottom of the cylinders 19. The pressure medium connections 21 are connected in a not shown, conventional manner to a control line, the pressurization of which can be switched by a pressure regulator, which in turn is switched by the pressure in an air container to be charged by the piston compressor, such that the pressure medium connections 21 are vented when the pressure drops below a lower pressure threshold in the air container , on the other hand, compressed air is applied when an upper pressure threshold is exceeded.

Bei drucklosen Druckmittelanschlüssen 21 befinden sich die Kolben 20 sowie Führungsteile 22 unter der Kraft der Federn 26 in ihrer der Zylinderachse 6 abgewandten Endstellung, wie sie in Fig.1, rechte Hälfte, dargestellt ist. Die Saugventillamelle 9 befindet sich dabei in ihrer kolbenantriebsseitigen Endstellung, welche die Arbeitsstellung ist: Unter Abheben des Schwingbereiches 10 der Saugventillamelle 9 von den Mündungen der Saugventilöffnungen 11 ist in den Zylinderraum des Kolbenverdichters während des Saughubes Luft einsaugbar und sodann während des Verdichtungshubes durch die offenen Druckventilöffnungen 13 verdichtet wieder ausschiebbar. Der Kolbenverdichter arbeitet hierbei in üblicher Weise.In the case of unpressurized pressure medium connections 21, the pistons 20 and guide parts 22 are under the force of the springs 26 in their end position facing away from the cylinder axis 6, as shown in FIG. 1, right half. The suction valve lamella 9 is in its end position on the piston drive side, which is the working position: by lifting the oscillating area 10 of the suction valve lamella 9 from the mouths of the suction valve openings 11, air can be sucked into the cylinder space of the piston compressor during the suction stroke and then during the compression stroke through the open pressure valve openings 13 compacted can be pushed out again. The piston compressor works in the usual way.

Werden die Druckmittelanschlüsse 21 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt, so werden die Kolben 20 entgegen die Kraft der Federn 26 in Richtung zur Zylinderachse 6 bis zum Anlegen der Anschläge 23 an den Boden des jeweiligen Zylinders 19 verschoben, wie es linksseitig in Fig.1 dargestellt ist. Über die Stifte 24 wird dabei die Saugventillamelle 9 mitgenommen, sie erfährt also eine Linearverschiebung in ihre Leerlaufstellung, in welcher sie die Saugventilöffnungen 11 zumindest z.T. ständig frei gibt und die Druckventilöffnungen 13 wenigstens teilweise, im gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispiel vollständig abdeckt. Vom Kolbenverdichter ist in dieser Leerlaufstellung praktisch keine Druckluft mehr förderbar, beim Auf- und Niedergang seines Kolbens wird Luft lediglich aus seiner Saugkammer in den Zylinderraum eingesaugt wieder ausgeschoben.If the pressure medium connections 21 are pressurized with compressed air, the pistons 20 are moved against the force of the springs 26 in the direction of the cylinder axis 6 until the stops 23 are placed against the bottom of the respective cylinder 19, as shown on the left in FIG. The suction valve lamella 9 is taken along via the pins 24, so it undergoes a linear displacement into its idle position, in which it at least partially releases the suction valve openings 11 at least partially and the pressure valve openings 13 at least partially, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment completely covers. Compressed air can practically no longer be conveyed by the piston compressor in this idling position; when its piston rises and falls, air is only sucked out of its suction chamber into the cylinder chamber.

Beim nachfolgenden Entlüften der Druckmittelanschlüsse 21 kehrt die Saugventillamelle 9 unter der Kraft der Federn 26 in ihre Arbeitsstellung zurück. Wie bereits erwähnt, erfährt die Saugventillamelle 9 über ihre Führungsflächen 17,17' und die Gegenflächen 18,18' eine sie gegen Schrägstellungen und Verkanten bei den Verschiebebewegungen sichernde, gute Führung.When the pressure medium connections 21 are subsequently vented, the suction valve lamella 9 returns to its working position under the force of the springs 26. As already mentioned, the suction valve lamella 9, via its guide surfaces 17, 17 'and the counter surfaces 18, 18', is given good guidance which prevents them from being tilted and tilted during the displacement movements.

Selbst bei Ausfall eines der jeweils von den Kolben 20, Führungsteilen 22 und Stiften 24 gebildeten Kolbenantriebe 27 und somit drehmomenterzeugendem, einseitigen Antrieb der Saugventillamelle 9 gewährleistet diese Führung verklemmungsfreie Linearverschiebungen der Saugventillamelle 9.Even if one of the piston drives 27 formed by the pistons 20, guide parts 22 and pins 24 fails and thus torque-generating, one-sided drive of the suction valve lamella 9, this guidance ensures jamming-free linear displacements of the suction valve lamella 9.

In Abänderung zum dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel können die Führungsteile 22 mit den zugeordneten Kolben 20 einteilig bzw. enstückig ausgebildet sein, weiterhin können die beiden Beaufschlagungsräume für beide Kolben 20 durch einen in der Ventilplatte 1 verlaufenden Luftführungskanal an einen gemeinsamen Druckmittelanschluß 21 angeschlossen sein, der zweite Druckmittelanschluß kann dabei entfallen. Weiterhin kann es zum Verbilligen zweckmäßig sein, die Ausnehmung 7 nicht in der Ventilplatte 1 anzubringen, sondern als Durchbrechung einer zur Ventilplatte 1 parallelen und auf dieser aufliegenden Metall- oder Dichtungsmaterial-Platte auszubilden. Dabei läßt sich die größere Höhe der Ausnehmung 7 im Schwingbereich 10 durch eine die Stärke der Saugventillamelle 9 übersteigende, entsprechende Dicke der erwähnten Platte erreichen, im Einspannbereich 12 kann diese Höhe dabei durch ein Einlegeteil auf einen der Stärke der Saugventillamelle 9 entsprechenden Wert verringert werden. Es ist möglich, anstelle der beiden Laschen 16 nur eine zur Mittelebene 15 zweckmäßig symmetrische Lasche vorzusehen, die beidseitig mit Fuhrungsflächen versehen ist. Weiterhin ist es möglich, nur einen Kolbenantrieb für die Saugventillamelle 9 vorzusehen, dessen Achse zweckmäßig in der Mittelebene 15 verläuft. Auch kann die Ventilplatte 1 einen Teil des Zylinderkopfes bilden, wobei letzterer, wie bekannt, Montagemöglichkeiten für das Druckventil aufweisen muß.In a modification of the exemplary embodiment shown, the guide parts 22 can be formed in one piece or in one piece with the associated pistons 20, furthermore the two pressurization spaces for both pistons 20 can be connected to a common pressure medium connection 21 through an air guide channel running in the valve plate 1, the second pressure medium connection can omitted. Furthermore, to reduce the cost, it may be expedient not to make the recess 7 in the valve plate 1, but rather to form it as an opening in a metal or sealing material plate which is parallel to the valve plate 1 and rests thereon. The greater height of the recess 7 in the oscillating area 10 can be achieved by a corresponding thickness of the plate mentioned which exceeds the thickness of the suction valve lamella 9, in the clamping area 12 this height can be reduced to a value corresponding to the thickness of the suction valve lamella 9 by an insert. Instead of the two tabs 16, it is possible to use only one for the central plane 15 provide symmetrical tab, which is provided on both sides with guide surfaces. Furthermore, it is possible to provide only one piston drive for the suction valve lamella 9, the axis of which expediently runs in the central plane 15. The valve plate 1 can also form part of the cylinder head, the latter, as is known, must have mounting options for the pressure valve.

Kurzfassung:Short version:

Der Kolbenverdichter ist mit einer linearverschieblichen Saugventillamelle (9) ausgestattet, welche durch Linearverschiebung in eine die Saugventilöffnungen (11) überlappende und die Druckventilöffnungen (13) freigebende Arbeitsstellung und eine die Saugventilöffnungen (11) zumindest teilweise freigebende und die Druckventilöffnungen (13) wenigstens teilweise überdeckende Leerlaufstellung einstellbar ist. Zur sicheren Führung der Saugventillamellen (9) bei ihren Verschiebebewegungen sind an dieser an den beiden, in Bewegungsrichtung liegenden Enden parallel zur Verschieberichtung verlaufende Führungsflächen (17,17') vorgesehen, welche mit entsprechenden Gegenflächen an der Ventilplatte (1) oder mit dieser verbundenen Teilen in Schiebeeingriff stehen. Zum Verschieben der Saugventillamelle (9) sind Kolbenantriebe (27) vorgesehen, deren Achsrichtung parallel zur Verschieberichtung verlaufen und welche vermittels Stifte (24) mit der Saugventillamelle (9) gekoppelt sind.The piston compressor is equipped with a linearly displaceable suction valve lamella (9) which, by linear displacement, overlaps the suction valve openings (11) and releases the pressure valve openings (13) and a working position which at least partially releases the suction valve openings (11) and at least partially covers the pressure valve openings (13) Idle position is adjustable. For safe guidance of the suction valve lamellae (9) during their displacement movements, guide surfaces (17, 17 ') are provided on the two ends lying in the direction of movement parallel to the displacement direction, which have corresponding mating surfaces on the valve plate (1) or parts connected to it to be in sliding engagement. Piston drives (27) are provided for displacing the suction valve lamella (9), the axial direction of which runs parallel to the displacement direction and which are coupled to the suction valve lamella (9) by means of pins (24).

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
VentilplatteValve plate
22nd
DichtscheibeSealing washer
33rd
UmrißOutline
44th
Bohrungdrilling
55
Linieline
66
ZylinderachseCylinder axis
77
AusnehmungRecess
88th
Linieline
99
SaugventillamelleSuction valve lamella
1010th
SchwingbereichVibration range
1111
SaugventilöffnungSuction valve opening
1212th
EinspannbereichClamping area
1313
DruckventilöffnungPressure valve opening
1414
Innenrauminner space
1515
MittelebeneMiddle plane
1616
LascheTab
17,17'17.17 '
FührungsflächeLeadership area
18,18'18.18 '
GegenflächeCounter surface
1919th
Zylindercylinder
2020th
Kolbenpiston
2121
DruckmittelanschlußPressure fluid connection
2222
FührungsteilGuide part
2323
Anschlagattack
2424th
Stiftpen
2525th
Öffnungopening
2626
Federfeather
2727
KolbenantriebPiston drive

Claims (7)

  1. Energy-efficient piston-type compressor, in particular for the compressed air supply in motor vehicles, having a pressure-dependent switchable idling device for the suction valve provided with a suction valve lamella (9), the suction valve lamella (9) being movable rectilinearly at right angles to the cylinder axis (6) of the cylinder of the piston-type compressor associated with it into a working position overlapping the suction valve apertures (11) of a valve plate (1) and exposing the pressure valve apertures (13) in the valve plate (1), and into an idling position at least partially exposing the suction valve apertures (11) and at least partially covering the pressure valve apertures (13), and having a pneumatic piston drive (27) for displacing the suction valve lamella (9) against the force of a spring (26) out of the working position into the idling position, characterised in that seen in its displacement direction the suction valve lamella (9) has guide surfaces (17, 17') near its two ends, these guide surfaces extending parallel to the displacement direction and to the cylinder axis (6) and being in sliding engagement with counter surfaces (18, 18') parallel to them and arranged on the valve plate (1) or on parts fixedly held on it.
  2. Piston-type compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that at both ends of the suction valve lamella (9) there are respectively provided two guide surfaces (17, 17') and counter surfaces (18, 18') associated with them which are arranged in mirror-image to each other with respect to a central plane (15) extending in the displacement direction and containing the cylinder axis (6).
  3. Piston-type compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction valve lamella (9) constructed in a substantially annular manner as known per se is coupled in the region of its clamping (clamping region 12) to at least one piston drive (27) having a piston drive axis parallel to the displacement direction, and at the opposite side, in its oscillation region (10), is provided with at least one protruding lug (16), the lug (16) having a guide surface (17) at least on one side.
  4. Piston-type compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction valve lamella (9) is coupled to two piston drives (27) and has two lugs (16) which are arranged respectively in mirror-image to the centre plane.
  5. Piston-type compressor according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that each piston drive (27) has a guide portion (22), which is connected to a piston (20), is guided movably in the valve plate (1), is coupled to the suction valve lamella (9), is loaded by the spring (26) in the direction of movement towards the working position of the suction valve lamella (9), and is arrested by a stop (23) in the opposite direction of movement in a position corresponding to the idling position of the suction valve lamella (9).
  6. Piston-type compressor according to claim 5, characterised in that the piston (20) is arranged coaxially to the substantially cylindrical guide portion (22) possibly integral with it, and is guided in a cylinder (19) arranged in the valve plate (1).
  7. Piston-type compressor according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in chat the guide portion (22) is coupled, by means of a pin (24) extending parallel to the cylinder axis (6), to the suction valve lamella (9) arranged in the direction of the cylinder axis (6) offset to the piston drive axis.
EP92118157A 1991-11-25 1992-10-23 Energy efficient piston type compressor Expired - Lifetime EP0544105B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4138664A DE4138664A1 (en) 1991-11-25 1991-11-25 ENERGY-SAVING PISTON COMPRESSOR
DE4138664 1991-11-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0544105A1 EP0544105A1 (en) 1993-06-02
EP0544105B1 true EP0544105B1 (en) 1995-03-08

Family

ID=6445497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92118157A Expired - Lifetime EP0544105B1 (en) 1991-11-25 1992-10-23 Energy efficient piston type compressor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0544105B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4138664A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2069361T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2101569C1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013006138A1 (en) * 2013-04-10 2014-10-16 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Device for saving power in a reciprocating compressor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1628173A1 (en) * 1968-01-17 1971-08-05 Licentia Gmbh Compressor drive
DE3909531A1 (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 Knorr Bremse Ag Device for saving power in piston compressors, in particular for compressed-air generation in motor vehicles
DE3904172A1 (en) * 1989-02-11 1990-08-16 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeug VALVE LAMPS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59201604D1 (en) 1995-04-13
RU2101569C1 (en) 1998-01-10
ES2069361T3 (en) 1995-05-01
DE4138664A1 (en) 1993-05-27
EP0544105A1 (en) 1993-06-02

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