EP0428775B1 - Device for ventilation of roofs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dormer-ventilator (1) which consists of plastic material and is intended for the ventilation of roofs in the ridge region, hip region or arris region, having a fastening region (2), having a border region (3) and having an intermediate region (4) which connects the fastening region (2) and the border region (3) together. The intermediate region (4) has air-passage openings (5) and the border region (3) has, on the roof side, a flexibly compliant sealing member (7) extending over the length of the dormer-ventilator and the sealing member (7) has the structure of a fine-filament brush with a multiplicity of flexible brush filaments (8) which are closely packed such that they are at least largely flow-tight. To reduce problems in terms of storage, packaging, transportation and laying which arise with dormer-ventilators having sealing members fastened thereon, the invention provides that the sealing member (7) is releasably connected to the border region (3).

Description

The invention relates to a fan cap made of plastic material for ventilating roofs in the ridge, hip or ridge area, with a fastening area, with an edge area and with an intermediate area connecting the fastening area and the edge area, the intermediate area having air passage openings and the edge area on the roof side has the cap length extending, resilient sealing member and the sealing member has the structure of a fine thread brush with a plurality of elastic brush threads arranged in at least largely flow-tight packing.

Basically, fan caps are known in the prior art, in which different sealing members are used. From DE-A-2 256 675 a fan cap with a sealing member emerges which is adapted to the shape of the roof covering. However, a fan cap of this type is disadvantageous in that different fan caps are required for different roof covering panels.

Furthermore, from DE-U-87 15 159 a fan cap with a sealing member made of a preferably open-pore or open-cell foam is known, which due to its flexibility is at least in principle suitable for a given load, the gap between the roof covering plates and the fan cap, each having different shapes to close. However, if there are sharp-edged transitions or particularly pronounced spacing differences in the area of this gap, it is difficult and in some cases even impossible to achieve the necessary and required sealing function with such a sealing element made of foam. In addition, there is a general risk, particularly in the case of open-cell or open-cell foams, that they become brittle over time and can then no longer provide the required sealing action to a satisfactory extent. In addition, there is the strong compression pressure in the known foam seals, which has very unpleasant effects. The visual impression, especially in the hip area (ridge area) is very unattractive in most cases, since that sealing element made of foam is clearly visible and wells out of the gaps to be sealed.

The disadvantages described do not occur with a fan cap of the type mentioned at the beginning, from which the invention is based and which is known from DE-A-38 13 094, that is to say with a sealing element in the form of a fine thread brush. A fine thread brush as a sealing element easily adapts to a wide variety of gap shapes without impairing the airtightness, especially with sharp-edged transitions, provides the desired long-term function without problems, especially when using brush threads made of polypropylene or nylon, has no disruptive capillary action and of course has no embrittlement effects. Another significant advantage is that - regardless of the type of roofing material - there are no problems with the installation, since the fine thread brushes do not create any compression back pressures, as is the case with foam seals.

A fine thread brush of the type mentioned can also be manufactured inexpensively and attached to the respective fan cap by means of suitable connecting or coupling means. It is particularly advantageous if the fine thread brush can be detachably attached to the fan cap. As a result, the sealing member only needs to be connected to the relevant fan cap at the respective construction site, so that, depending on the required dimensions of the sealing members, only different sealing members need to be kept in stock in connection with only a single type of fan cap. The required combinations can be put together on site according to the respective requirements without any problems. This also has the very significant advantage that fan caps can be packaged, shipped and kept in stock without a sealing element already attached, which means that considerable savings in packaging and storage space requirements can be achieved, since the fan caps can be packed as compactly as they are separately sealing elements in the form of fine thread brushes.

Furthermore, with conventional plastic sealing strips glued to the fan cap, problems often arise in that these sealing strips become detached from the fan cap and fall off due to temperature fluctuations and / or UV exposure. If the temperature is high enough, as is common in summer, this can happen during transport. A fine thread brush as a sealing element, on the other hand, reliably avoids these problems.

However, problems of a different kind can occur with the fan cap with fine thread brush mentioned at the beginning. On the one hand, the fan caps should be as universal as possible, i.e. H. as largely as possible independent of the roofing slabs used and the resulting gaps - different in shape and size. On the other hand, the sealing effect of the brush-shaped sealing duct depends on the length and the resilience of the brush threads as well as on the size of the gap assigned to the individual brush threads. A maximum sealing effect would require that the length and the resilience of the individual brush threads be chosen according to the respective size of the gap assigned to the individual brush threads.

EP-A-0 273 991 discloses a method and a device for producing brush seals for doors and windows. In one embodiment (FIG. 9), the brush seals have three regions with brush threads of different lengths, the middle region having the longest brush threads and the length of the brush threads of the two outer regions decreasing towards the outside. However, windows and doors are not only a specialty other than roofing panels and especially as fan caps, but there are also completely different problems than with fan caps. The sealing of doors and windows is based on a completely different principle than the sealing between fan caps and roof covering panels. In the case of doors and windows, the seal is made between two mutually movable elements, usually between the door frame and the door or the window frame and the window. In contrast, the teaching of the invention is about sealing between two elements, namely the fan cap and the roof covering plates, which are each spatially fixed, so that a relative movement, which is characteristic of the sealing of doors and windows, does not occur. Furthermore, EP-A-0 273 991 shows that the known brush seals are intended to achieve something quite different from adapting to an uneven surface, as is the case with roofing slabs. The only thing that should be achieved is a good seal on the flat sealing surface of a door or a window, and on the other hand a low frictional resistance when opening or closing the door or the window. The lateral bristles of the outer areas of the known brush seal only have the task of supporting the bristles of the central area and returning them to an upright position after the window or door has been pivoted.

The invention has for its object to design and develop the known fan cap, from which the invention is based, that practically regardless of the shape of the column - between the roof covering and the fan cap - a perfect seal is always guaranteed.

This object is essentially achieved in a fan cap of the type mentioned at the outset in that the sealing member has at least two regions with brush threads of different lengths in the depth direction, the length of the brush threads increasing from one region to the next in the same direction over the depth of the fine thread brush .

Because the sealing member according to the invention has several, namely at least two areas with brush threads of different lengths in the direction of the depth, the fan cap can be optimized. With an almost universal usability, there is an extraordinarily good sealing effect because at least two brush threads with different lengths and different resilience are effective at every point of the gap between the fan cap and the roofing panels.

The invention has recognized that it is essential for the sealing problem on which the invention is based that the gap to be bridged by sealing has a continuously variable gap width. Due to the configuration of the sealing member according to the invention, different lengths of the brush threads correspond to the different gap widths, different deflections of the brush threads in the area of the fastening on the fan cap side and different contact angles between the brush threads and the roof covering.

Overall, the invention enables a complex, integrally optimal seal between the fan cap and the roof covering in spite of different gap widths.

The resetting elasticity of the brush threads is carried out by the choice of the respective brush thread diameter, whereby with increasing length of the brush threads also brush threads with increasing diameter and with increasing resetting elasticity are used.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Lüfterkappe mit einem bürstenförmigen Abdichtorgan und

Fig. 2 bis 6

verschiedene Ausführungsvarianten von Feinfadenbürsten gemäß der Erfindung.

Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and further advantageous features of the invention are explained in connection with the following description of exemplary embodiments. It shows

Fig. 1

is a schematic representation of a fan cap with a brush-shaped sealing member and

2 to 6

different variants of fine thread brushes according to the invention.

1 shows a fan cap 1 which comprises a fastening area 2, a roof-side edge area 3 and an intermediate area 4, 4 air passage openings 5 being provided in the intermediate area and 3 supporting elements 6 being provided in a manner known per se in the edge area 3.

On the underside of the edge area 3 of the fan cap 1, a sealing member 7 in the form of a fine thread brush made of a plurality of brush threads 8 is attached.

Fine thread brushes designed according to the invention can be used with all types of fan caps, so that the fan cap 1 shown in FIG. 1 is only to be regarded as an example of such fan caps. The seal according to the invention using a fine thread brush can accordingly be used for ridge, hip and ridge areas, but also for throat areas.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which the sealing member 7 is attached to a carrier part 9 in the form of a fine thread brush and has brush threads 8 of different lengths, so that the fine thread brush has a wedge-shaped area 10 at its end facing away from the carrier part 9.

3, the fine thread brush is substantially wedge-like over its entire height, and the carrier part 9 has a recess 11, in the area of which a coupling or connection to the associated fan cap 1 is preferably possible.

In the embodiment variant according to FIG. 4, the fine thread brush consists of several areas of different lengths of the brush threads 8, with graded transitions between the individual areas. In practice, three strips of brush threads 8 can be combined with one another in this case. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the carrier part 9 is connected to a fastening part 12 which encloses an acute angle with the carrier part 9.

An arrangement analogous to FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. 5, the fine thread brush in this exemplary embodiment being formed obliquely wedge-shaped with a blunt end.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention substantially corresponding to Fig. 4, in this case on the fastening part 12 dome cams 18 or knobs are attached, which preferably have side clamping ribs. The sealing member 7 can be connected in a simple manner to the associated fan cap via these dome cams 18, which can also have a clamping effect, since it is only necessary to insert the dome cams 18 into corresponding receiving slots and to snap them into place. The dome cams 18 can simultaneously form support members for ridge caps.

The individual brush threads 8 have a diameter in the range from 0.10 to 0.40 mm and preferably in the range from 0.15 to 0.35 mm, which is equivalent to the fact that the fine thread brush according to the invention has a large number per running length unit Brush threads 8 has. These brush threads can consist of plastic material, in particular polypropylene or nylon, but it is also possible to use fine metal threads and natural fibers of vegetable or animal origin, and in principle mixtures of these different fibers can also be advantageous.

The brush threads 8 already provide the necessary flow tightness when they are straight, due to their tight packing, but the brush threads 8 are preferably deformed in their longitudinal plane, in particular wavy, since this results in a mutual interlocking, which also contributes to that no air breakthrough can occur even with strong wind pressure. This results in excellent entry security against flying snow and / or driving rain.

The longer the fine thread brush must be in practice in order to seal the gap between the roof covering and fan cap 1, the larger the diameter of the brush threads 8 is chosen to ensure the necessary resilience in each case. In practice, strips with brush threads 8 with lengths of 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 95 and 105 mm are preferably provided, a major advantage being that the strips with brush threads of different lengths 8 practically only on the construction site with the associated fan cap 1 must be connected, which is easily possible because of the support part 9 of the fine thread brush a corresponding coupling with the fan cap 1 is possible in the simplest way.

This connectivity allows fine thread brushes or strips of fine thread brushes and fan caps 1 to be packed, shipped and also stored separately, which means that, for example, 150 fan caps can now be packed in one packaging unit instead of the previous 30 fan caps, these numbers being only examples represent, but document the achievable great advantage.

The sealing member 7 according to the invention is extremely temperature-resistant, taking into account the respective choice of material and due to the construction of a large number of separate individual elements, is also flow-tight under difficult circumstances and, above all, extremely adaptable to the respective sealing problem. Due to the use of the special fine-thread brush according to the invention as a sealing member 7, each roofing material is 100% sealed, without open spots remaining at corners and arches through which driving rain and / or flying snow can be introduced. Furthermore, there is no danger that - as can be the case with conventional foam seals - the sealing material of birds is used for nest building and the sealing function is thereby deteriorated. It is also particularly advantageous that, due to the use of a fine thread brush as the sealing material during the laying and mounting of the fan cap 1, no counter or compression pressures occur due to the sealing material.

The brush threads can preferably have a circular, elliptical, triangular, square or rhombic cross section. The cross-sectional profile over the length of the brush thread can be cylindrical or conical.

Claims (7)

1. A ventilation cap (1) made of plastics material for the background ventilation of roofs in the ridge, hip or groin regions, having a fixing region (2), having an edge region (3) and having an intermediate region (4) joining the fixing region (2) and the edge region (3) to each other, wherein the intermediate region (4) comprises air passageway openings (5) and the edge region (3) comprises an elastically non-rigid sealing element (7) extending over the length of the cap on the roof side, and the sealing element (7) has the structure of a fine-filament brush with a plurality of elastic brush filaments (8) disposed with a packing which is at least substantially impervious to flow, characterised in that the sealing element (7) comprises at least two regions with brush filaments (8) of different lengths along its depth, wherein the length ofthe brush filaments (8) increases in the same direction from one region to the next over the depth of the fine-filament brush.
2. A ventilation cap according to claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the brush filaments (8) is fixed within the range from about 0.10 to 0.40 mm, particularly within the range from 0.15 to 0.35 mm.
3. A ventilation cap according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the brush filaments (8) consist of plastics material, particularly of polypropylene or nylon, of metal and/or of natural fibres.
4. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the sealing element (7) is constructed with a width or depth dimension within the range of about 2 to 6 mm, preferably about 2 to 3 mm.
5. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the brush filaments (8) are, at least in part, of deformed construction, preferably corrugated.
6. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the brush filaments (8) have different stiffnesses, and in particular the brush filaments placed at the edge are of stiff construction.
7. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the fine-filament brush comprises at least two brush strip lengths combined one behind the other, that the brush filaments (8) of each brush strip length are each of the same length, and that the brush filaments (8) of different brush strip lengths are of different lengths.

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